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Imran Tariq, Muhammad, Razvan Beuran i Yoichi Shinoda. "Optimal Power and Modulation Adaptation Policies with Receiver Diversity over Rayleigh Fading Channel". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 4, nr 1 (1.10.2016): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v4.i1.pp104-115.
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<p>Efficient bandwidth utilization is paramount in wireless communication systems, particulary in fading<br />environments, since fading is one of the major constraints that impair communication in wireless systems.<br />The bandwidth efficiency of a wireless communication system can be enhanced significantly by employing<br />power and modulation adaptation policies with diversity combining gain. In this work, first we examine an<br />analytically-derived solution for Maximum Combining Ratio (MRC) diversity technique for the capacity per<br />unit bandwidth. Then, we design an adaptive transmission system to utilize the diversity combining gain while<br />retaining the target BER by adapting power and constellation size using continuous power, channel inversion<br />with fixed rate and continuous power and disrecte-rate. By considering the effect of diversity combining<br />gain, the designed system yields a reasonable spectral efficiency with respect to target BER that grows as<br />the number of diversity levels increase. Furthermore, the presented results show continuous power and<br />discrete-rate adaptation policy reduces probability of outage unlike its achieved spectral efficiency is close<br />to other selected policies, which ratifies the optimized switching thresholds and makes it best candidate for<br />imperfect channel conditions.</p>
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Qiu, Guo Wang, i Feng Qi Yu. "Variable-Rate Variable-Power MQAM for Energy Efficient Transmission over Fading Channels". Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (lipiec 2013): 1694–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1694.
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Wireless communication devices are often battery-powered. Reducing energy consumption during transmission has become a major challenge. We propose an optimal adaptation scheme and a suboptimal scheme based on the continuous-power discrete-rate adaptation (CPDR) for energy efficient transmission over fading channels. In our proposed schemes, we optimize the average transmit power according to data rate of the source node and buffer level, and then we adapt the transmit rate and power according to the CPDR scheme. Simulation results show that our proposed schemes have outstanding performance on energy-saving.
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Ehsan, Aiman, Khurram Zeeshan Haider, Shahla Faisal, Faisal Maqbool Zahid i Isaac Mwangi Wangari. "Self-Adaptation Resource Allocation for Continuous Offloading Tasks in Pervasive Computing". Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2022 (28.06.2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8040487.
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Advancement in technology has led to an increase in data. Consequently, techniques such as deep learning and artificial intelligence which are used in deciphering data are increasingly becoming popular. Further, advancement in technology does increase user expectations on devices, including consumer interfaces such as mobile apps, virtual environments, or popular software systems. As a result, power from the battery is consumed fast as it is used in providing high definition display as well as in charging the sensors of the devices. Low latency requires more power consumption in certain conditions. Cloud computing improves the computational difficulties of smart devices with offloading. By optimizing the device’s parameters to make it easier to find optimal decisions for offloading tasks, using a metaheuristic algorithm to transfer the data or offload the task, cloud computing makes it easier. In cloud servers, we offload the tasks and limit their resources by simulating them in a virtual environment. Then we check resource parameters and compare them using metaheuristic algorithms. When comparing the default algorithm FCFS to ACO or PSO, we find that PSO has less battery or makespan time compared to FCFS or ACO. The energy consumption of devices is reduced if their resources are offloaded, so we compare the results of metaheuristic algorithms to find less battery usage or makespan time, resulting in the PSO increasing battery life or making the system more efficient.
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Shabdanov, Samat, Patrick Mitran i Catherine Rosenberg. "Achieving Optimal Throughput in Cooperative Wireless Multihop Networks With Rate Adaptation and Continuous Power Control". IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 13, nr 7 (lipiec 2014): 3880–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2014.2324583.
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Batista Pisa, Élerson Luiz, Livia Da Silva Oliveira, David Barbosa de Alencar i Manoel Henrique Reis Nascimento. "Power Supply Modifying from 400 W to 600 W, Adding a 12v Circuit Voltage for Total 1200 W Power Operation of Machine ASPT Module Test". International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, nr 10 (31.10.2019): 585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss10.1805.
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Companies are constantly seeking to implement continuous improvements in all sectors, seeking to build a relationship of reliability with their customers by improving the quality of their products. Given this scenario, this study aims to apply the power increase of a power supply to optimize a process. The implementation was made in a company of the industrial center of Manaus-AM. The proposal presented in this paper, points implementation of maintenance improvements, adaptation in the power supply and cost reduction.
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Ramos-Paja, Carlos Andres, Juan David Bastidas-Rodriguez i Andres Julian Saavedra-Montes. "Low-Voltage Photovoltaic System Based on a Continuous Input/Output Current Converter". Computation 11, nr 2 (20.02.2023): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation11020042.
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Low-voltage photovoltaic systems are being widely used around the world, including their introduction into the power grid. The development of these systems requires the adaptation of several power converters, their static and dynamic modeling, the design of passive elements, and the design of the controller parameters, among other actions. Today, power converters are key elements in the development of photovoltaic systems, and classical power converters such as buck converters produce discontinuous input and output currents, requiring a high input capacitance and impacting the output power quality of these systems. This paper presents a proposal for a low-voltage photovoltaic system that uses a continuous input/output current buck converter, which enhances the operation of the classical buck converter in photovoltaic systems. The methodology describes the proposed photovoltaic system, including the power converter, its detailed operation, and the analysis of its waveforms. Moreover, the methodology includes a mathematical model of the photovoltaic system’s dynamic behavior and the design of a sliding-mode controller for maximum power extraction and perturbation rejection. The photovoltaic system is validated in two ways: first, a comparison with the classical buck converter highlighting the advantages of continuous input/output currents is presented; then, an application example using commercial devices is described in detail. The application example uses a flowchart to design the power converter and the sliding-mode controller, and a circuit simulation confirms the advantages of the continuous input/output current buck converter with its controller. In the circuit simulation, the control strategy is formed by a perturb and observe algorithm that generates the voltage reference for the sliding-mode controller, which guarantees the system stability, tracks the maximum power point, and rejects the double-frequency oscillations generated by an intended microinverter.
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Kouplevatskaya-Yunusova, Irina. "The Evolution of Stakeholders' Participation in a Process of Forest Policy Reform in Kyrgyz Republic (reviewed paper)". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 156, nr 10 (1.10.2005): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2005.0385.
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National forest policy reform based on participation proves to be a complex multi-layer process in the course of which all the participants are subject to continuous adaptation to the permanently changing context. The example of Kyrgyzstan shows that participation is not only a procedure for deliberative democracy or collaborative learning, but also a means for re-appropriation of power by the stronger stakeholders.
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Bezprozvannych, Ganna, i Yevgen Moskvitin. "AGING MANAGEMENT OF CABLES OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS". Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., nr 11-12(177-178) (17.03.2023): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2022.11.02.
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Cable aging management is an integral and mandatory requirement for continuous safety and reliable operation of nuclear power plants due to the extension of their service life. The research of the scientific community is focused on the adaptation of electrical non-destructive methods of monitoring cable samples in laboratory conditions to determine the state of their electrical insulation. The performed analysis of NPP cable aging management programs proves the need for new representative results of cable research to determine characteristics using special control methods and appropriate equipment. Emphasis is placed on the strategy of cable aging management with the involvement of scientists with professional experience in conducting complex diagnostic examinations with qualified analysis of the obtained results based on the most modern technologies. Effective methods, techniques, and modern techniques for the assessment of the technical condition of NPP cables are presented.
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Kim, Hyun-Woo, Joo-Youn Nam i Hang-Sik Shin. "Ammonia inhibition and microbial adaptation in continuous single-chamber microbial fuel cells". Journal of Power Sources 196, nr 15 (sierpień 2011): 6210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.03.061.
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Rossignoli, Claudia. "Playing the Afterlife: Dante’s Otherworlds in the Gaming Age". Games and Culture 15, nr 7 (29.09.2019): 825–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412019872578.
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In the centuries of its continuous circulation, Dante’s Comedy has been one the most productive examples of the transmedia potential of literary works. The timeless relevance of its fundamental moral questions, the cosmic dimension of its imaginative power, and the intensity of its realism, all hold unparalleled promise for any kind of adaptation, translation, or transmediation. The Comedy, and especially its first infernal cantica, gets periodically reinvented and transferred into creative outlets that are increasingly technology driven. This article will explore existing gaming adaptations of Dante’s Comedy, to focus on the one hand on textual aspects that are mostly exploited to achieve commercial success and on the other on the potential offered by the text and often marginalized by developers. The article will discuss ways in which new creative approaches would allow for a gaming experience with the authenticity, intensity, and relevance of the “original.”
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Dong, Shaoqiang, Kourosh Danai i Stephen Malkin. "Continuous Optimal Infeed Control for Cylindrical Plunge Grinding, Part 2: Controller Design and Implementation". Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 126, nr 2 (1.05.2004): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1751424.
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This is the second of two papers concerned with on-line optimization of cylindrical plunge grinding cycles with continuously varying infeed control. In the first paper [1], dynamic programming was applied to a simulation of the cylindrical grinding process in order to explore the characteristics of optimal grinding cycles. Optimal cycles were found to consist of distinct segments each with predominant constraints. An optimal control policy was formulated with the infeed rate within each segment determined according to the prevailing constraint. The present paper is concerned with the design of the controller and its implementation. The control system to implement the optimization policy is described together with provisions to enhance robustness to modeling uncertainty and measurement noise. Robustness provisions include model adaptation by parameter estimation from on-line measurements of size and power, and incorporation of safety margins in the optimization process. Problems associated with practical implementation of the control system, stemming from power limitations and wheel wear, are also discussed. The controller performance is demonstrated on an instrumented internal cylindrical grinding machine.
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Di Rienzo, M., P. Castiglioni, F. Iellamo, M. Volterrani, M. Pagani, G. Mancia, J. M. Karemaker i G. Parati. "Dynamic adaptation of cardiac baroreflex sensitivity to prolonged exposure to microgravity: data from a 16-day spaceflight". Journal of Applied Physiology 105, nr 5 (listopad 2008): 1569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90625.2008.
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This study explored the process of arterial baroreflex adaptation to microgravity, starting from the first day of flight, during the 16-day STS-107 Columbia Space Shuttle mission. Continuous blood pressure (BP), ECG, and respiratory frequency were collected in four astronauts on ground (baseline) and during flight at days 0–1, 6–7, and 12–13, both at rest and during moderate exercise (75 W) on a cycle ergometer. Sensitivity of the baroreflex heart rate control (BRS) was assessed by sequence and spectral alpha methods. Baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI); low-frequency (LF) power and high-frequency (HF) power of systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and R-R interval (RRI); the RRI LF/HF ratio; and the RRI root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) index were also estimated. We found that, at rest, BRS increased in early flight phase, compared with baseline (means ± SE: 18.3 ± 3.4 vs. 10.4 ± 1.2 ms/mmHg; P < 0.05), and it tended to return to baseline in subsequent days. During exercise, BRS was lower than at rest, without differences between preflight and in-flight values. At rest, in the early flight phase, RMSSD and RRI HF power increased ( P < 0.05) compared with baseline, whereas LF powers of SBP and DBP decreased. No statistical difference was found in these parameters during exercise before vs. during flight. These findings demonstrate that heart rate baroreflex sensitivity and markers of cardiac vagal modulation are enhanced during early exposure to microgravity, likely because of the blood centralization, and return to baseline values in subsequent flight phases, possibly because of the fluid loss. No deconditioning seems to occur in the baroreflex control of the heart.
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SANTI, E., A. MONTI, D. LI, K. PRODDUTUR i R. A. DOUGAL. "SYNERGETIC CONTROL FOR POWER ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS: A COMPARISON WITH THE SLIDING MODE APPROACH". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 13, nr 04 (sierpień 2004): 737–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126604001520.
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The theory of synergetic control was introduced in a power electronics context in a previous paper. In this paper we review the theory, then we focus on a comparison with the sliding mode approach. Common elements and main differences are underlined and illustrated through a comparative simulation example. The main advantages of synergetic control are that it is well-suited for digital implementation, it gives constant switching frequency operation, and it gives better control of the off-manifold dynamics. Finally, simulation and experimental results under transient conditions are compared. Advanced control laws with adaptation are presented and discussed to show how to better exploit the features of the synergetic control. The example used throughout the paper is the control of a boost converter operating in continuous conduction mode.
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Gómez, J. C., D. Toum, C. Reineri i F. Romero. "Fuses in distribution systems: new applications in DC circuits". Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (wrzesień 2021): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.314.
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The vast majority of distribution systems currently in use, work with alternating current at 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Several of the distributed resources (generators or storage) supply electrical energy in the form of direct current. Also, there are continuous end-use applications such as centralized variable speed drives, and the rapidly growing application in electric cars which has recently started. This panorama leads to the growing interest in the application of fuses in direct current systems, not as an adaptation of the alternating current fuse but as a specific design. The article presents the crucial differences between direct and alternating circuits, oriented to the operation of the fuse, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, citing the complications in the design that are required for this growing application. The continuous operation of the fuse is explained in its three fundamental parts: pre-arc, arc and post-arc. The most important current applications are analyzed, such as the protection of: circuits with batteries, circuits of electric vehicles for individual use, power electronics, photovoltaic cells, public transport and circuits in mining. It is concluded in the need to deepen the study of these applications in order to achieve specific fuses designs for direct current and not mere adaptations of the traditional alternating current fuse designs.
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Chen, Tuo, Qiming Ma, Zheyuan Zhou i He Lu. "Research on reverberation characteristics analysis and suppression methods for active continuous detection". MATEC Web of Conferences 283 (2019): 07010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928307010.
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Compared with the traditional active detection with monopulse periodic emission mode, active continuous detection has the advantages of large emission duty ratio and continuous acquisition of process information. It can effectively overcome the disadvantages of high false alarm probability, poor environment adaptation ability and low detection efficiency in traditional active detection, so then improving the system detection ability. But active continuous detection is also facing more serious reverberation. In order to further improve capacity, the adaptable reverberation characteristics and detection methods are carried out in this paper. On the basis of theoretical modelling, the relationship between the characteristics of the active continuous detection reverberation and the signal form, the hydrological environment and the emission power are studied. The time frequency characteristics of reverberation and the attenuation law with distance of reverberation are mastered. A reverberation suppression method based on adaptive beamforming of sub-band steered minimum variance algorithm (SSMV) is studied for active continuous detection. Considering signal bandwidth and fast convergence, etc. The relationship between sub-array partition and reverberation suppression ability is analyzed. The validity of reverberation characteristic analysis is verified by simulation, the performance of the method of reverberation suppression is verified by sea trial data processing.
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Pakkaner, Efecan, Jessica L. Orton, Caroline G. Campbell, Jamie A. Hestekin i Christa N. Hestekin. "Development of an Integrated Salt Cartridge-Reverse Electrodialysis (Red) Device to Increase Electrolyte Concentrations to Biomedical Devices". Membranes 12, nr 10 (13.10.2022): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12100990.
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Emerging technologies in nanotechnology and biomedical engineering have led to an increase in the use of implantable biomedical devices. These devices are currently battery powered which often means they must be surgically replaced during a patient’s lifetime. Therefore, there is an important need for a power source that could provide continuous, stable power over a prolonged time. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) based biopower cells have been previously used to generate continuous power from physiologically relevant fluids; however, the low salinity gradient that exists within the body limited the performance of the biopower cell. In this study, a miniaturized RED biopower cell design coupled with a salt cartridge was evaluated for boosting the salt concentration gradient supplied to RED in situ. For the salt cartridge, polysulfone (PSf) hollow fibers were prepared in-house and saturated with NaCl solutions to deliver salt and thereby enhance the concentration gradient. The effect of operational parameters including solution flow rate and cartridge salt concentration on salt transport performance was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the use of the salt cartridge was able to increase the salt concentration of the RED inlet stream by 74% which in turn generated a 3-fold increase in the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the biopower cell. This innovative adaptation of the membrane-based approach into portable power generation could help open new pathways in various biomedical applications.
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Li, Qiang, Feng Zhao, Li Zhuang, Qiulin Wang i Chenzhou Wu. "Steady-State Risk Prediction Analysis of Power System Based on Power Digital Twinning". Sustainability 15, nr 3 (31.01.2023): 2555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032555.
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In essence, electric digital twinning uses artificial intelligence technology to model complex electric power systems, and is the development and supplement of electric power modeling technology. This paper intends to predict and analyze the steady-state risks of complex power systems based on the power digital twin. Firstly, power flow calculation and optimization are carried out for complex large power grid systems. Based on sparse matrix storage and node coding optimization, the power flow calculation speed is improved and the memory usage is reduced. The accuracy and timeliness of the continuous power flow calculation when obtaining the node power and voltage are improved by using the unit processing tangent prediction vector and the internal machine of the prediction vector to determine the prediction direction. Secondly, according to the optimization results of the power flow calculation, the multi-objective optimization problem of power system simulation is solved by using the advantages of neural network modeling, such as self-learning, self-adaptation, fault tolerance, and parallelism. Finally, the power flow calculation optimization and neural network analysis are applied to the integrated stability program of the United States Western Combined Power Grid (WSCC) power system’s nine-node model; this is in order to simulate the regional power grid for simulation analysis. Different risks in the power system under steady–state conditions are predicted and analyzed, the voltage drop in the transient voltage is reduced under multiple working conditions, and the relative power angle is improved, improving the overall stability of the power system.
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Wang, Xianbo. "Study of the Adaptation and Production of Funk Works on the Electronic Organ". BCP Social Sciences & Humanities 15 (13.03.2022): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v15i.366.
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With the continuous development of economy and human thinking, there has emerged the electronic organ, a product of modern science and technology. The electronic organ possesses the volume advantages of the organ and the solemn characteristics of the pipe organ, thus becoming an indispensable instrument in modern music performances. With rich expressive power, the sound of the electronic organ can be integrated with various musical styles. Therefore, it is necessary for a performer to be able to play different instruments, and master various professional skills for performance and composition. Taking the funk work Mr. Toad’s Wild Ride as an example, this article studies and analyzes the adaptation of Funk works on the electronic organ from the perspective of the short band score and the sound production of the electronic organ, especially focusing on the analysis of the distribution of band parts and performing techniques.
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Zi, Lingyu, i Sung-Joo Lim. "Comparing online versus in-person auditory experiments on talker adaptation". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, nr 3_supplement (1.03.2023): A82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018245.
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Online experiments are increasingly used as an alternative to in-person lab-based experiments. While online experimental platforms offer convenience, conducting auditory experiments online also presents several challenges, including variations in latency and jitter in auditory stimulus presentation across participants’ devices. Therefore, it is important to carefully examine whether response time data collected online are comparable to the reliability and precision of data collected in well-controlled laboratory settings. Here, we directly compared whether well-documented context- and talker-adaptation effects on response times are replicable between the laboratory and an online platform. Participants (N = 58) performed an established word identification task measuring response time in a 2 × 2 manipulation of context (isolated words versus continuous speech) and talker variability (single versus mixed talkers). The results from the laboratory session, but not the online platform, reliably replicated all main and interaction effects found in prior laboratory-based studies. While mean response times were comparable between environments, the variance of online data was significantly greater than in the lab, even after discarding outliers. These results suggest that careful considerations are needed when implementing online experiments that depend on precise auditory timing, particularly in considering how greater measurement error will impact power, sample sizes, and statistical inferences.
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Li, Po, Rui Nan Liu i Xiang Hui Ma. "Unknown Offset Free MPC for Buck Converter". Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (czerwiec 2017): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.175.
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Buck converters are commonly used as DC power supplies. To deal with the parameters uncertainty in R-L (resistance-inductance), an Unknown Offset Free Model Predictive Control (UOFMPC) method for buck converters have been proposed in this paper. Firstly, a continuous model for buck converters is established. Based on it, a discrete model with fixed sampling time is derived and the output of controller is set as the direct switch on/off signals. Secondly, one-step MPC method aimed at optimizing the output voltage with recursive least squares algorithm for parameters identification is given to satisfy the ability of adaptation in parameters. Finally, both the model and control scheme are validated by simulation in MATLAB/Simulink.
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Marín-López, Andrés, Sergio Chica-Manjarrez, David Arroyo, Florina Almenares-Mendoza i Daniel Díaz-Sánchez. "Security Information Sharing in Smart Grids: Persisting Security Audits to the Blockchain". Electronics 9, nr 11 (6.11.2020): 1865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111865.
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With the transformation in smart grids, power grid companies are becoming increasingly dependent on data networks. Data networks are used to transport information and commands for optimizing power grid operations: Planning, generation, transportation, and distribution. Performing periodic security audits is one of the required tasks for securing networks, and we proposed in a previous work autoauditor, a system to achieve automatic auditing. It was designed according to the specific requirements of power grid companies, such as scaling with the huge number of heterogeneous equipment in power grid companies. Though pentesting and security audits are required for continuous monitoring, collaboration is of utmost importance to fight cyber threats. In this paper we work on the accountability of audit results and explore how the list of audit result records can be included in a blockchain, since blockchains are by design resistant to data modification. Moreover, blockchains endowed with smart contracts functionality boost the automation of both digital evidence gathering, audit, and controlled information exchange. To our knowledge, no such system exists. We perform throughput evaluation to assess the feasibility of the system and show that the system is viable for adaptation to the inventory systems of electrical companies.
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Noguer, Marie Céline, Jose Antonio Magdalena, Nicolas Bernet, Renaud Escudié i Eric Trably. "Enhanced Fermentative Hydrogen Production from Food Waste in Continuous Reactor after Butyric Acid Treatment". Energies 15, nr 11 (31.05.2022): 4048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15114048.
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End-product accumulation during dark fermentation leads to process instability and hydrogen production inhibition. To overcome this constraint, microbial community adaptation to butyric acid can induce acid tolerance and thus enhance the hydrogen yields; however, adaptation and selection of appropriate microbial communities remains uncertain when dealing with complex substrates in a continuous fermentation mode. To address this question, a reactor fed in continuous mode with food waste (organic loading rate of 60 gVS·L·d−1; 12 h hydraulic retention time) was first stressed for 48 h with increasing concentrations of butyric acid (up to 8.7 g·L−1). Performances were compared with a control reactor (unstressed) for 13 days. During 6 days in a steady-state, the pre-stressed reactor produced 2.2 ± 0.2 LH2·L·d−1, which was 48% higher than in the control reactor (1.5 ± 0.2 LH2·L·d−1). The pretreatment also affected the metabolites’ distribution. The pre-stressed reactor presented a higher production of butyric acid (+44%) achieving up to 3.8 ± 0.3 g·L−1, a lower production of lactic acid (−56%), and an enhancement of substrate conversion (+9%). The performance improvement was attributed to the promotion of Clostridium guangxiense, a hydrogen -producer, with a relative abundance increasing from 22% in the unstressed reactor to 52% in the stressed reactor.
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Apostu, Liliana Isabela, i Dan Apalaghie. "9. Teacher Training in Arts Education in France (Contemporary Challenges in Arts Education)". Review of Artistic Education 1, nr 24 (1.04.2022): 308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rae-2022-0037.
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Abstract Music education or education through music, a means of emancipation of new generations. To what extent can the education of future teachers be directly responsible for the ideals of tomorrow’s multicultural society ? This article aims to open up a vision of education, a solution among solutions, based on the development of a curriculum centered around the values of equality and equity, around the principles of freedom and secularism. The intellectual preparation and training of future education professionals is a process of continuous transformation, adaptation and multidisciplinary transversal training, in which the Common Core is the common stem of knowledge and skills needed to educate teachers and students at the same time.
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Parejo, Antonio, Enrique Personal, Diego Larios, Juan Guerrero, Antonio García i Carlos León. "Monitoring and Fault Location Sensor Network for Underground Distribution Lines". Sensors 19, nr 3 (30.01.2019): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030576.
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One of the fundamental tasks of electric distribution utilities is guaranteeing a continuous supply of electricity to their customers. The primary distribution network is a critical part of these facilities because a fault in it could affect thousands of customers. However, the complexity of this network has been increased with the irruption of distributed generation, typical in a Smart Grid and which has significantly complicated some of the analyses, making it impossible to apply traditional techniques. This problem is intensified in underground lines where access is limited. As a possible solution, this paper proposes to make a deployment of a distributed sensor network along the power lines. This network proposes taking advantage of its distributed character to support new approaches of these analyses. In this sense, this paper describes the aquiculture of the proposed network (adapted to the power grid) based on nodes that use power line communication and energy harvesting techniques. In this sense, it also describes the implementation of a real prototype that has been used in some experiments to validate this technological adaptation. Additionally, beyond a simple use for monitoring, this paper also proposes the use of this approach to solve two typical distribution system operator problems, such as: fault location and failure forecasting in power cables.
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Zhou, Shangli, Hengjing He, Leping Zhang, Wei Zhao i Fei Wang. "A Data-Driven Method to Monitor Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Coal-Fired Power Plants". Energies 16, nr 4 (7.02.2023): 1646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041646.
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Reducing CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants is an urgent global issue. Effective and precise monitoring of CO2 emissions is a prerequisite for optimizing electricity production processes and achieving such reductions. To obtain the high temporal resolution emissions status of power plants, a lot of research has been done. Currently, typical solutions are utilizing Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) to measure CO2 emissions. However, these methods are too expensive and complicated because they require the installation of a large number of devices and require periodic maintenance to obtain accurate measurements. According to this limitation, this paper attempts to provide a novel data-driven method using net power generation to achieve near-real-time monitoring. First, we study the key elements of CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) in depth and design a regression and physical variable model-based emission simulator. We then present Emission Estimation Network (EEN), a heterogeneous network-based deep learning model, to estimate CO2 emissions from CFPPs in near-real-time. We use artificial data generated by the simulator to train it and apply a few real-world datasets to complete the adaptation. The experimental results show that our proposal is a competitive approach that not only has accurate measurements but is also easy to implement.
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Wang, Zhisong, i Shuhong Gao. "Construction of the Cross-Cultural Interaction Model for International Students Based on Big Data Analysis". Scientific Programming 2022 (28.02.2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3133872.
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Culture is an important feature that distinguishes human beings from animals. Human beings have created and developed various cultures and influenced people’s psychology and behavior in different social forms. With the continuous improvement of China’s international influence and cultural soft power, the number of foreign students studying in China is increasing year by year. In this paper, data mining is carried out on the data of international students, and the cross-cultural interaction model of international students is constructed. According to the characteristics of the research object, this paper explores the influence of cultural novelty and psychological capital on its cross-cultural adaptation in order to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of cross-cultural adaptation. It also promotes the better development of international students and the improvement of international exchange management in colleges and universities by providing some ideas for mental health education and management of international students. The importance of cultural study for international students in China is related not only to the development and improvement of foreign students’ cognitive level of target culture, but also to the external communication of national cultural image.
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Odim, J. N. K., C. Li, C. Desrosiers, R. C. J. Chiu, P. J. O'Brien, N. Hamilton i C. D. Ianuzzo. "The remodelling of skeletal muscle for indefatigable hemodynamic work". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 69, nr 2 (1.02.1991): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y91-036.
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Skeletal muscle possesses inherent plasticity of gene expression. Low frequency pulse-train stimulation can remodel the biochemical machinery that confers physiological expression and fatigue resistance approaching that of the myocardium. This fatigue-resistant muscle can generate sufficient force to meet the power requirements for useful cardiac work. This ultimate goal is currently being pursued in models of cardiomyoplasty and muscle-powered cardiac assist devices. In this article, we review the three major subcellular systems subserving canine skeletal muscle transformation and compare them to those of cardiac muscle. The magnitude of the problem of clinical heart failure and the feasibility of fatigue-resistant skeletal muscle joining the therapeutic armamentarium are addressed. The adaptation and transformation of fast-twitch skeletal muscle in response to chronic electrical stimulation augers therapeutic potential as an endogenous, readily available power source for myocardial assistance. The basis mechanisms of skeletal muscle fatigue require elucidation to gain a complete and thorough understanding of how to manipulate this property to provide continuous hemodynamic work.Key words: muscle transformation, pulse-train stimulation, cardiomyoplasty, counterpulsation, cardiac assist, myosin isoforms, sarcoplasmic reticulum ATPase, myofibrillar ATPase.
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Almeida, Nuno, Joana Reis, João Beckert, Miguel Moreira i Francisco Alves. "PPeak oxygen uptake differentiates competitive from recreational male surfboard riders". Motricidade 13, nr 4 (27.01.2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.11730.
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The purpose of this study was to verify if competitive performance status was associated to different levels of specific aerobic fitness in Portuguese surfboard riders. Six recreational surfers (age: 32.3±3.1 years; body mass: 73.2±7.8kg; height: 1.75±0.05m) and six competitive international level surfers (age: 25±8.4years; body mass: 68.5±3.8kg; height: 1.74±0.05m) performed a maximal continuous incremental paddling test consisting of two-minute steps starting at 20W, with increments of 10W, for determination of peak oxygen uptake and maximal aerobic power. Ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point with corresponding heart rate and power output were also determined. Elite surfers presented higher values for peak oxygen uptake (43.6±7.9 ml.kg-1.min-1) than recreational surfers (31.1±7.4 ml.kg-1.min-1, p=0.01) however, there were no differences (p> 0.05) between groups for maximal aerobic power (elite: 76.6±18.6W; recreational: 76.6±16.6W). No significant differences between the power output at which ventilatory threshold or respiratory compensation point occurred but elite surfers reached ventilation threshold with 22.5±5.8 ml.kg-1.min-1 which was significantly higher than recreational surfers (16±3.7 ml.kg-1.min-1). These findings show that elite surfers have higher values of peak oxygen uptake than recreational surfers which suggest a higher aerobic adaptation that may be related to the different amount of exercise volume undertaken.
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Lippmann, Richard P. "Review of Neural Networks for Speech Recognition". Neural Computation 1, nr 1 (marzec 1989): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1989.1.1.1.
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The performance of current speech recognition systems is far below that of humans. Neural nets offer the potential of providing massive parallelism, adaptation, and new algorithmic approaches to problems in speech recognition. Initial studies have demonstrated that multilayer networks with time delays can provide excellent discrimination between small sets of pre-segmented difficult-to-discriminate words, consonants, and vowels. Performance for these small vocabularies has often exceeded that of more conventional approaches. Physiological front ends have provided improved recognition accuracy in noise and a cochlea filter-bank that could be used in these front ends has been implemented using micro-power analog VLSI techniques. Techniques have been developed to scale networks up in size to handle larger vocabularies, to reduce training time, and to train nets with recurrent connections. Multilayer perceptron classifiers are being integrated into conventional continuous-speech recognizers. Neural net architectures have been developed to perform the computations required by vector quantizers, static pattern classifiers, and the Viterbi decoding algorithm. Further work is necessary for large-vocabulary continuous-speech problems, to develop training algorithms that progressively build internal word models, and to develop compact VLSI neural net hardware.
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Nalcakan, Gulbin Rudarli. "The Effects of Sprint Interval vs. Continuous Endurance Training on Physiological and Metabolic Adaptations in Young Healthy Adults". Journal of Human Kinetics 44, nr 1 (1.12.2014): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0115.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of sprint interval training (SIT) and continuous endurance training (CET) on selected anthropometric, aerobic, and anaerobic performance indices as well as the blood lipid profile, inflammatory and muscle damage markers in healthy young males. Fifteen recreationally active male volunteers (age: 21.7 ±2.2 years, body mass: 83.0 ±8.0 kg, body height: 1.82 ±0.05 m) were divided into two groups according to their initial VO2max levels. Training programs were conducted 3 times per week for 7 weeks. The SIT program consisted of 4-6 Wingate anaerobic sprints with a 4.5 min recovery, while CET consisted of 30-50 min cycling at 60% VO2max. Biochemical, anthropometric and fitness assessments were performed both pre and post-intervention. Significant improvements in VO2max, anaerobic power and capacity, and VO2 utilization during the submaximal workout and significant decreases in body fat and in waist circumference after the intervention occurred in both SIT and CET groups. Significantly greater gross efficiency was measured in the CET group. No differences in the lipid profile or serum levels of inflammatory, myocardial and skeletal muscle damage markers were observed after the training period. The study results agree with the effectiveness of a 30 s all-out training program with a reduced time commitment for anthropometric, aerobic and anaerobic adaptation and eliminate doubts about its safety as a model.
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Uribe, José A., Rodrigo Zamora, Guisella Gacitúa, Andrés Rivera i David Ulloa. "A low power consumption radar system for measuring ice thickness and snow/firn accumulation in Antarctica". Annals of Glaciology 55, nr 67 (2014): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2014aog67a055.
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AbstractIn order to measure total ice thickness and surface snow accumulation in Antarctica, we have designed and built a surveying system comprising two types of radar. This system is aimed at having low power consumption, low weight/volume and low construction cost. The system has a pulse-compression radar to measure ice thickness, and a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FM-CW) radar designed to measure hundreds of meters of surface snow/firn layers with high resolution. The pulse-compression radar operates at 155MHz, 20 MHz of bandwidth; and the FM-CW radar operates from 550 to 900 MHz. The system was tested in December 2010 at Union Glacier (79°46'S, 83°24'W), West Antarctica, during an oversnow campaign, where Union and other nearby glaciers (Schanz, Schneider and Balish) were covered through 82 km of track. Ice thickness of 1540m and snow/firn thickness of 120 m were detected in the area. The collected data allowed the subglacial topography, internal ice structure, isochronous and the snow/ice boundary layer to be detected. Here we describe radar electronics, their main features and some of the results obtained during the first test campaign. Further improvements will focus on the adaptation of the system to be implemented on board airplane platforms.
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Toro-Zapata, Hernán Darío, Gerard Olivar-Tost i Fabio Dercole. "Conditions on the Energy Market Diversification from Adaptive Dynamics". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (3.09.2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9181636.
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We study a mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations to describe the dynamic interaction in the market of two types of energy called standard and innovative. The model consists of an adaptation of the generalized Lotka-Volterra system in which the parameters are assumed to depend on a quantitative and continuous attribute characteristic of energy generation. Using the analysis of the model the fitness function for the innovative energy is determined, from which conditions of invasion can be established in a market dominated by the conventional power. The canonical equation of the adaptive dynamics is studied to know the long-term behavior of the characteristic attribute and its impact on the market. Then we establish conditions under which evolutionary ramifications occur, that is to say, the requirements of coexistence and divergence of the characteristic attributes, whose occurrence leads to the origin of diversity in the energy market.
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Borella, Lisa, Danilo Marchese, Nicola Trivellin i Eleonora Sforza. "Complementary chromatic adaptation as a strategy to increase energy conversion efficiency of microalgae-cyanobacteria consortia in continuous LED photobioreactors". Energy Conversion and Management 294 (październik 2023): 117549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117549.
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Ley, Debora, H. J. Corsair, Sabine Fuss i Chandni Singh. "Evaluating the Use of Renewable Energy and Communal Governance Systems for Climate Change Adaptation". Central European Review of Economics and Management 4, nr 1 (12.02.2020): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29015/cerem.850.
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Aim: Renewable energy (RE) systems can be effective tools for rural communities for meeting goals for development and climate change mitigation and adaptation. RE systems provide small amounts of electricity fostering community development through improved energy access, livelihood opportunities, and improved quality of life. Communities in rural Guatemala are increasingly vulnerable to climate change impacts, due to increasingly extreme weather events. Distributed RE systems can be more effective than connection to national electric grids in providing power if community members have the agency and skill (technical and in governance) to maintain them. The goal was to evaluate the performance of RE systems used in a rural Guatemalan community and the governance system created around it.Design/Research methods: The specific RE systems were evaluated eight years ago; they had performed well especially after Hurricane Stan. Recommendations were made for further performance improvement. This study evaluates the subsequent performance given more intense rains, and the current state of related community governance on the basis of semi-structured interviews.Conclusions/findings: This research highlights the need for enhanced and continuous monitoring and evaluation methods for both energy projects and their supporting institutional structures. Accountability, mediation mechanisms and transparency tools within these institutions can allow more open communication and equitable treatment with agents of power.Originality/value of the article: The article provides original insights for project implementation and policy information. Strong trust bonds are necessary for community resilience in emergencies, and in the well-being and development of the community, independent of energy sources.
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Baumgartner, Michael, i Mathias Ambühl. "Causal modeling with multi-value and fuzzy-set Coincidence Analysis". Political Science Research and Methods 8, nr 3 (5.11.2018): 526–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2018.45.
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AbstractCoincidence Analysis (CNA) is a configurational comparative method of causal data analysis that is related to Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) but, contrary to the latter, is custom-built for analyzing causal structures with multiple outcomes. So far, however, CNA has only been capable of processing dichotomous variables, which greatly limited its scope of applicability. This paper generalizes CNA for multi-value variables as well as continuous variables whose values are interpreted as membership scores in fuzzy sets. This generalization comes with a major adaptation of CNA’s algorithmic protocol, which, in an extended series of benchmark tests, is shown to give CNA an edge over QCA not only with respect to multi-outcome structures but also with respect to the analysis of non-ideal data stemming from single-outcome structures. The inferential power of multi-value and fuzzy-set CNA is made available to end users in the newest version of the R package cna.
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Zgajewska-Rytelewska, Ewelina. "The Criminal and Civil Law Concept of A Document". International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 1, nr 1 (1.01.2017): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2208.
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According to objective literature, in each of the foregoing areas of law, the term “document” has a different precision in the content used to perform a particular function, in order to obtain a certain probative and legislative power. Despite the extensive scope of the concept of civil and legal “document”, the legislature does not limit its semantic domain. The legal status created by the legislator allows for the adaptation of the term “document”, to the new terms used by the legislature in the definition of legal and regu- latory acts.The theoretical and broad interpretation of the term “document” in criminal law and civil law causes a significant increase in its mission and values. With the increase in meaning, there is also an increase in the func- tion of the document. This is the result of continuous technical and techno- logical development, which results in increasingly new forms of documents and their protection against counterfeiting, rewriting and unlawful use.
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Sánchez-Lozano, Daniel, Antonio Escámez, Roque Aguado, Sara Oulbi, Rachid Hadria i David Vera. "Techno-Economic Assessment of an Off-Grid Biomass Gasification CHP Plant for an Olive Oil Mill in the Region of Marrakech-Safi, Morocco". Applied Sciences 13, nr 10 (12.05.2023): 5965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13105965.
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A substantial number of off-grid olive oil mills in Morocco are powered by diesel-fired generators, which hugely contribute to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In this research work, a biomass gasification combined heat and power (CHP) plant fueled with local by-products was explored as a renewable alternative to electrify off-grid olive oil mills in this country. The case study considered a gasification CHP plant with a rated power of 80 kWe, in order to enable adaptation of the producer gas flow rate to abrupt changes in the power generation unit under dynamic operation. A downdraft gasifier and a producer gas conditioning unit were modeled under steady state operation using Cycle-Tempo, while the power generation unit was modeled in the Thermoflex simulation environment under partial and full load operation. Olive cake pellets and olive pruning chips were evaluated as biomass feedstock, with moisture contents ranging from 5% to 20% (wet basis). The results from the simulation of the gasification CHP plant showed net electrical efficiencies and CHP efficiencies around 18% and 35%, respectively. Finally, a profitability assessment of the gasification CHP plant was developed for 2 months of continuous operation, together with a sensitivity analysis. The results for the baseline scenario reveal a payback period of 7–8 years and a 68.5% accumulated profit based on the capital investment, which suggest that biomass gasification CHP plants can represent an economically feasible and sustainable solution for the electrification of off-grid areas in Morocco.
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Dania, W. A. P., A. Hidayat, B. A. Nugraha i E. Lestari. "An analysis of supply chain collaboration index by using FAHP and SCCI: a case study of organic fertiliser company X, Indonesia". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 924, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/924/1/012049.
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Abstract Supply chain collaboration is one of the most crucial variables of driving business success in organic fertiliser Companies, especially to maintain the continual flow from upstream to downstream. Therefore, understanding the level of collaboration factors is vital in sustaining the partnership as well as reducing any conflicts among stakeholders. This study aims to measure the depth of collaboration among Company X and its suppliers. The assessment of the supply chain collaboration index will perform Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to weight the collaboration behaviour factors and Supply Chain Collaboration Index (SCCI) to measure the depth level of collaboration. The collaboration behaviour factors examined in this study are including joint effort, collaboration values, sharing activities, adaptation, trust, power, stability, commitment, continuous improvement and coordination. Based on the computation process using SCCI, the collaboration index among company X and its supplier is 76.72 on a scale of 1-100. It implies that the collaboration is at a moderate level. Consequently, the company needs to recognise the low score factors and develop a strategy for improvement. Some aspects that deserve further attention are sharing activities, power, and stability. By enhancing the performance of these factors, the supply chain collaboration index can also be increased.
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Kohler, Heinz, Binayak Ojha, Navas Illyaskutty, Ingo Hartmann, Christian Thiel, Konrad Eisinger i Markus Dambacher. "In situ high-temperature gas sensors: continuous monitoring of the combustion quality of different wood combustion systems and optimization of combustion process". Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 7, nr 1 (22.03.2018): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-161-2018.
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Abstract. The sensing characteristics and long-term stability of different kinds of CO ∕ HC gas sensors (non-Nernstian mixed potential type) during in situ operation in flue gas from different types of low-power combustion systems (wood-log- and wood-chip-fuelled) were investigated. The sensors showed representative but individual sensing behaviour with respect to characteristically varying flue gas composition over the combustion process. The long-term sensor signal stability evaluated by repeated exposure to CO ∕ H2 ∕ N2 ∕ synthetic air mixtures showed no sensitivity loss after operation in the flue gas. Particularly for one of the sensors (Heraeus GmbH), this high signal stability was observed in a field test experiment even during continuous operation in the flue gas of the wood-chip firing system over 4 months. Furthermore, it was experimentally shown that the signals of these CO ∕ HC sensing elements yield important additional information about the wood combustion process. This was demonstrated by the adaptation of an advanced combustion airstream control algorithm on a wood-log-fed fireplace and by the development of a combustion quality monitoring system for wood-chip-fed central heaters.
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Bailey, Tom G., Maria Perissiou, Mark T. Windsor, Karl Schulze, Michael Nam, Rebecca Magee, Anthony S. Leicht i in. "Effects of acute exercise on endothelial function in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 314, nr 1 (1.01.2018): H19—H30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00344.2017.
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Endothelial dysfunction is observed in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), who have increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. This study aimed to assess the acute effects of moderate- and higher-intensity exercise on endothelial function, as assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), in AAA patients (74 ± 6 yr old, n = 22) and healthy adults (72 ± 5 yr old, n = 22). Participants undertook three randomized visits, including moderate-intensity continuous exercise [40% peak power output (PPO)], higher-intensity interval exercise (70% PPO), and a no-exercise control. Brachial artery FMD was assessed at baseline and at 10 and 60 min after each condition. Baseline FMD was lower [by 1.10% (95% confidence interval: 0.72−.81), P = 0.044] in AAA patients than in healthy adults. There were no group differences in FMD responses after each condition ( P = 0.397). FMD did not change after no-exercise control but increased by 1.21% (95% confidence interval: 0.69−1.73, P < 0.001) 10 min after moderate-intensity continuous exercise in both groups and returned to baseline after 60 min. Conversely, FMD decreased by 0.93% (95% confidence interval: 0.41−1.44, P < 0.001) 10 min after higher-intensity interval exercise in both groups and remained decreased after 60 min. We found that the acute response of endothelial function to exercise is intensity-dependent and similar between AAA patients and healthy adults. Our findings provide evidence that regular exercise may improve vascular function in AAA patients, as it does in healthy adults. Improved FMD after moderate-intensity exercise may provide short-term benefit. Whether the decrease in FMD after higher-intensity exercise represents an additional risk and/or a greater stimulus for vascular adaptation remains to be elucidated. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Abdominal aortic aneurysm patients have vascular dysfunction. We observed a short-term increase in vascular function after moderate-intensity exercise. Conversely, higher-intensity exercise induced a prolonged reduction in vascular function, which may be associated with both short-term increases in cardiovascular risk and signaling for longer-term vascular adaptation in abdominal aortic aneurysm patients.
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Djurković, Miša. "Biotechnology, Digitalization, and Immigration: New Challenges for the Theory and Practice of International Relations". Kultura polisa 19, nr 3 (28.08.2022): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.51738/kpolisa2022.19.3r.22mdj.
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The author deals with the problems of re-examining the theoretical paradigms of international relations in the light of several current practical challenges. The text starts with the presentation of the European continent as a scene of continuous crisis, which means that from the perspective of the theory it must focus on those paradigms that have the best potential for classical crisis management. Then, the problems of biotechnology, digitalization and immigration are examined, which reaffirm the dominant importance of realism in an interesting way. The author illustrates with a series of examples how immigration can become a tool of mass engineering and mutual confrontation between states and other centres of power. Or how the digital sphere and the Internet can be used to undermine the security of states, and what states do to preserve sovereignty over cyberspace in their domain. Finally, what do biological warfare, nanotechnology and drones bring to the practice of international relations? However, it turns out that the theory of realism must also undergo adequate adaptation in order to understand and incorporate the needs of solving new current problems.
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Mazur, Igor, Aleksandr P. Dolmatov i Sergey S. Borisov. "Investigation and Numerical Modeling of the Process of Cold Rolling HSLA Steels". Materials Science Forum 704-705 (grudzień 2011): 832–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.704-705.832.
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Considering the problems and details of modeling process of cold rolling, it was constructed a theoretical model of deformation area based on a set of equations, which were practical testing. The model is based on cold-rolled numerical solution of differential equations of forces equilibrium in the deformation area by Karman. In the model there are included modules for calculating strip temperature and strip gage at the exit from the stand, considering elastic recovery of the strip. For adaptation of the equations to the specific conditions of cold rolling of HSLA steels in the continuous five stand mill 2030 and assess the deviation of calculated data from the actual, a procedure of correction for hardening curve of rolled steel has been developed. The model allows defining the energy-power parameters of rolling: average unit rolling force, the full force of rolling, rolling moment, rolling force, an average temperature of strip at the inlet and outlet of each of the mill stands, steel hardening curve when rolling. The model is implemented as software using object-oriented approach in the language of C++ Builder.
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VERMA, ABHISHEK, SHIVA SHANKAR Y, HARSHIT BAPNA, LAL SURNDER KUSHWAH i KSHITIJ MUDGAL. "Feasibility Studies for Developing Energy Efficient Building in the Juet Campus Using Solar and Biomass Energy". Current World Environment 13, nr 3 (24.10.2018): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.13.3.15.
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Building sector has been one of major contributors to global warming due to the excessive energy consumption during its lifecycle. In this context utilization of alternate energy resources such as solar, wind and biomass; as a replacement for conventional energy resources could be beneficially applied for achieving potential savings in power consumption. Adaptation of non- conventional energy resources combined with use of energy saving fixtures offer a sustainable solution for the increasing energy needs and environmental issues with conventional energy sources. In the present work feasibility studies were carried out for upgrading the existing building i.e. Annapurna bhawan in Jaypee University of Engineering & Technology (JUET), Madhya Pradesh, India; into an energy efficient building. Annapurna bhawan encompasses kitchen and four dining halls, being used for cooking and serving food to the students in the university. Study examines the potential benefits of using biomass energy through continuous anaerobic digestion and solar photovoltaic modules as a replacement to conventional energy sources. Results suggest potential energy savings and economic benefits could be achieved through the installation of these systems.
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Berti, Beatrice, Davide Momi, Giulia Sprugnoli, Francesco Neri, Marco Bonifazi, Alessandro Rossi, Maria M. Muscettola, Roberto Benocci, Emiliano Santarnecchi i Simone Rossi. "Peculiarities of Functional Connectivity—including Cross-Modal Patterns—in Professional Karate Athletes: Correlations with Cognitive and Motor Performances". Neural Plasticity 2019 (26.06.2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6807978.
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Professional karate is a sport activity requiring both physical and psychological skills that have been associated with a better “global neural efficacy.” By means of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), we investigated the neural correlates of cognitive and kinematic abilities in a group of 14 professional karateka and 14 heathy matched controls. All subjects underwent an extensive cognitive test battery for the identification of individual multidimensional cognitive profile and rs-fMRI scans investigating functional connectivity (FC). Moreover, kinematic performances in athletes were quantified by the Ergo-Mak, an integrated system developed for measuring motor reactivity, strength, and power of athletic gestures. Karateka performed significantly better than controls in the visual search task, an ability linked with increased positive correlations in FC between the right superior parietal lobe and bilateral occipital poles. Kinematic performances of athletic feats were sustained by increased positive correlations between subcortical (cerebellum and left thalamus) and cortical (inferior frontal cortex, superior parietal cortex, superior temporal cortex) regions. An unexpected FC increase between auditory and motor-related areas emerged in karateka, possibly reflecting a cross-modal coupling due to the continuous exposure to either internal or external auditory cues, positing this sensory channel as a possible target for novel training strategies. Results represent a further step in defining brain correlates of “neural efficiency” in these athletes, whose brain can be considered a model of continuous plastic train-related adaptation.
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Warguła, Łukasz, Mateusz Kukla, Piotr Krawiec i Bartosz Wieczorek. "Reduction in Operating Costs and Environmental Impact Consisting in the Modernization of the Low-Power Cylindrical Wood Chipper Power Unit by Using Alternative Fuel". Energies 13, nr 11 (10.06.2020): 2995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112995.
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Alternative fuel within the meaning of Directive 2014/94/EU is, among others, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), characterized by a lower purchase cost and lower emissions of toxic exhaust compounds in comparison to the combustion of classic gasoline. In wood chippers, intended for chopping branches, with low-power internal combustion engines that meet the emission standards in force in 2019 in the European Union, in accordance with Regulation 2016/1628/EU, carburetor fuel supply systems are commonly used. Innovative trends in the development of these drives are: electronic fuel injection, systems supporting the adaptation of the working elements to the conditions of use and the use of alternative fuels. The first two solutions significantly affect the cost of purchasing a power unit or modernizing it. The authors of this article indicate, as a beneficial alternative, a cheap (EUR 105) possibility of modernizing the carburetor fuel supply system. It is based on a modification that will allow for the use of LPG instead of gasoline to drive the working system of the wood chipper. This article presents the results of tests on the fuel consumption of a wood chipper powered with gasoline (3.04 L h−1) and LPG (3.65 L h−1) during continuous chipping. The cost of an hour of chipping related to fuel consumption was determined, which was equal to 3.89 € h−1 while using gasoline, and 2.19 € h−1 when using LPG. The mass flow rate (0.66 t h−1) and volumetric flow rate (3.5 m3 h−1) of a wood chipper powered by a low-power (9.5 kW) internal combustion engine with spark ignition were determined. In addition, we determined the cost of producing 1 m3 of biomass from chipping freshly cut oak branches (Quercus robur L. Sp. Pl. 996 1753) with a maximum diameter of 80 mm and a humidity of 25%. The branches were selected earlier in such a way that their dimensions as as similar as possible. This amounted to EUR 1.11 for a gasoline-powered drive and EUR 0.63 for a LPG powered one. The benefits of using an alternative fuel supply system, the installation of which increases the cost of the machine by 8.4%, have been confirmed.
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Lutsenko, Igor, Svetlana Koval, Iryna Oksanych i Igor Shevchenko. "Optimization of resource-intensive dynamic systems with a continuous supply of raw materials according to the criterion of minimum use of reserves". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, nr 4 (115) (25.02.2022): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.252267.
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Optimization of production processes has always been one of the cornerstones for industrial enterprises seeking to improve productivity while minimizing the costs involved. A particularly difficult situation is when it is necessary to manage the process of the entire production chain with a continuous supply of raw materials. It is necessary to keep under control the actual production data, current production requirements, and adhere to the international strategy of energy saving. This paper reports a devised optimal dynamic system with a continuous supply of raw materials, which automatically changes the control trajectory in order to reduce the amount of resources used. The theoretical scientific component is represented in the form of an interface model of the system, and the research results are represented in the form of time diagrams that show the verification of the proposed model. The model provides for the interconnection of the chain of such developed dynamical systems, in which the continuity of the process is ensured by buffering systems, and the optimality of operation is enabled by adaptation mechanisms. The time diagrams can demonstrate the interaction of systems and mechanisms that generate information signals through the port sections. At each subsequent control action, the process parameter changes were made within a set range. As a result of a targeted search for permissible controls, the system, driven by the adaptation mechanism, enabled a gradual reduction in the consumption of the energy product and stabilized the intensity of the target product being processed, which made it possible to subsequently avoid shutdowns and restarts of the production line and reduce overall production costs.
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Drès, Michele, i James Mallet. "Host races in plant–feeding insects and their importance in sympatric speciation". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 357, nr 1420 (29.04.2002): 471–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1059.
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The existence of a continuous array of sympatric biotypes—from polymorphisms, through ecological or host races with increasing reproductive isolation, to good species—can provide strong evidence for a continuous route to sympatric speciation via natural selection. Host races in plant–feeding insects, in particular, have often been used as evidence for the probability of sympatric speciation. Here, we provide verifiable criteria to distinguish host races from other biotypes: in brief, host races are genetically differentiated, sympatric populations of parasites that use different hosts and between which there is appreciable gene flow. We recognize host races as kinds of species that regularly exchange genes with other species at a rate of more than ca . 1% per generation, rather than as fundamentally distinct taxa. Host races provide a convenient, although admittedly somewhat arbitrary intermediate stage along the speciation continuum. They are a heuristic device to aid in evaluating the probability of speciation by natural selection, particularly in sympatry. Speciation is thereby envisaged as having two phases: (i) the evolution of host races from within polymorphic, panmictic populations; and (ii) further reduction of gene flow between host races until the diverging populations can become generally accepted as species. We apply this criterion to 21 putative host race systems. Of these, only three are unambiguously classified as host races, but a further eight are strong candidates that merely lack accurate information on rates of hybridization or gene flow. Thus, over one–half of the cases that we review are probably or certainly host races, under our definition. Our review of the data favours the idea of sympatric speciation via host shift for three major reasons: (i) the evolution of assortative mating as a pleiotropic by–product of adaptation to a new host seems likely, even in cases where mating occurs away from the host; (ii) stable genetic differences in half of the cases attest to the power of natural selection to maintain multilocus polymorphisms with substantial linkage disequilibrium, in spite of probable gene flow; and (iii) this linkage disequilibrium should permit additional host adaptation, leading to further reproductive isolation via pleiotropy, and also provides conditions suitable for adaptive evolution of mate choice (reinforcement) to cause still further reductions in gene flow. Current data are too sparse to rule out a cryptic discontinuity in the apparently stable sympatric route from host–associated polymorphism to host–associated species, but such a hiatus seems unlikely on present evidence. Finally, we discuss applications of an understanding of host races in conservation and in managing adaptation by pests to control strategies, including those involving biological control or transgenic parasite–resistant plants.
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Xu, Jianjian, i Dan Bai. "Multi-Objective Optimal Operation of the Inter-Basin Water Transfer Project Considering the Unknown Shapes of Pareto Fronts". Water 11, nr 12 (14.12.2019): 2644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122644.
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Studies have shown that the performance of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms depends to a large extent on the shape of the Pareto fronts of the problem. Although, most existing algorithms have poor applicability in dealing with this problem, especially in the multi-objective optimization operation of reservoirs with unknown Pareto fronts. Therefore, this paper introduces an evolutionary algorithm with strong versatility and robustness named the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm with Reference Point Adaptation (AR-MOEA). In this paper, we take two water conservancy hubs (Huangjinxia and Sanhekou) of the Hanjiang to Wei River Water Diversion Project as example, and build a multi-objective operation model including water supply, ecology, and power generation. We use the AR-MOEA, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm based on Decomposition (MOEA/D) and the Indicator-Based Evolutionary Algorithm (IBEA) to search the optimal solutions, respectively. We analyze the performance of four algorithms and the operation rules in continuous dry years. The results indicate that (1) the AR-MOEA can overcome the difficulty of the shape and distribution of the unknown Pareto fronts in the multi-objective model. (2) AR-MOEA can improve the convergence and uniformity of the Pareto solution. (3) If we make full use of the regulation ability of the Sanhekou reservoir in the dry season, the water supply for coping with possible continuous dry years can be guaranteed. The study results contribute to the identification of the relationship among objectives, and is valued for water resources management of the Hanjiang to Wei River Water Diversion Project.
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Michalik, Kamil, Szymon Glinka, Natalia Danek i Marek Zatoń. "Interval Training with Active Recovery and the Physical Capacity of Recreational Male Runners". Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 25, nr 4 (1.12.2018): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2018-0022.
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Abstract Introduction. So far there have been few studies on the effect of interval training with active recovery aimed at increasing aerobic power on the physical capacity of long-distance runners. Unlike standard interval training, this particular type of interval training does not include passive rest periods but combines high-intensity training with low-intensity recovery periods. The aims of the study were to determine the effect of aerobic power training implemented in the form of interval training with active recovery on the physical capacity of amateur long-distance runners as well as to compare their results against those of a group of runners who trained in a traditional manner and only performed continuous training. Material and methods. The study involved 12 recreational male long-distance runners, who were randomly divided into two groups, consisting of 6 persons each. Control group C performed continuous training 3 times a week (for 90 minutes, with approximately 65-85% VO2max). Experimental group E participated in one training session similar to the one implemented in group C and additionally performed interval training with active recovery twice a week. The interval training included a 20-minute warm-up and repeated running sprints of maximum intensity lasting 3 minutes (800-1,000 m). Between sprints, there was a 12-minute bout of running with an intensity of approximately 60-70% VO2max. The time of each repetition was measured, and the first one was treated as a benchmark in a given training unit. If the duration of a subsequent repetition was 5% shorter than that of the initial repetition, the subjects underwent a 15-minute cool-down period. A progressive treadmill test was carried out before and after the 7-week training period. The results were analysed using non-parametric statistical tests. Results. VO2max increased significantly both in group E (p < 0.05; d = 0.86) and C (p < 0.05; d = 0.71), and there was an improvement in effort economy at submaximal intensity. Although the differences were not significant, a much greater change in the post-exercise concentrations of lactate and H+ ions was found in group E. Conclusions. The study showed that interval training with active recovery increased VO2max in amateur runners with higher initial physical capacity and stimulated adaptation to metabolic acidosis more than continuous training.
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Chokheli, Khatia, Grigol Khelidze i Teimuraz Arshba. "Determination of river flow under the conditions of lack of hydrological data on the example of hydroelectric power chain on the river Mtkvari". Works of Georgian Technical University, nr 4(518) (15.12.2020): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2020-4-113-121.
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The article discusses a method for determining water discharge at intake points under the conditions of lack of hydrological data. As an example is given the calculation of the river flow at intake points of the hydroelectric power chain cascade on the river Mtkvari (Chitakhevi HPP, ZAHPP, Ortachala HPP). The data taken from the hydrological stations of ,,Likani,, and „Tbilisi“ are multiplied by the adaptation coefficient, which is obtained by dividing catchment areas of Chitakhevi HPP ZAHPP and Ortachala HPP. The method allows to receive continuous average monthly and annual water discharge at the intake points of Chitakhevi HPP, ZAHPP, Ortachala HPP, instead of incomplete hydrological data. Additionally, the impact of Zhinvali reservoir is taken into account in the calculation of river flow at intake points of the ZAHPP and Ortachala HPP. Also its effect on natural water inflow of river Mtkvari is established. The calculation results show that since of the operation of Zhinvali HPP the average annual water inflow of the river Mtkvari is decreased by 10% at the intake points of the ZAHPP and Ortachala HPP. Using the calculation results it is possible to determine the river flow for existing and planned HPPs on the section of Chitakhevi-Ortachala. The method also helps to determine the design parameters of these HPPs more accurately that is important for effective and safe operation of HPPs on the river Mtkvari during different levels of water flow.