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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Continuous power adaptation"
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Imran Tariq, Muhammad, Razvan Beuran i Yoichi Shinoda. "Optimal Power and Modulation Adaptation Policies with Receiver Diversity over Rayleigh Fading Channel". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 4, nr 1 (1.10.2016): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v4.i1.pp104-115.
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<p>Efficient bandwidth utilization is paramount in wireless communication systems, particulary in fading<br />environments, since fading is one of the major constraints that impair communication in wireless systems.<br />The bandwidth efficiency of a wireless communication system can be enhanced significantly by employing<br />power and modulation adaptation policies with diversity combining gain. In this work, first we examine an<br />analytically-derived solution for Maximum Combining Ratio (MRC) diversity technique for the capacity per<br />unit bandwidth. Then, we design an adaptive transmission system to utilize the diversity combining gain while<br />retaining the target BER by adapting power and constellation size using continuous power, channel inversion<br />with fixed rate and continuous power and disrecte-rate. By considering the effect of diversity combining<br />gain, the designed system yields a reasonable spectral efficiency with respect to target BER that grows as<br />the number of diversity levels increase. Furthermore, the presented results show continuous power and<br />discrete-rate adaptation policy reduces probability of outage unlike its achieved spectral efficiency is close<br />to other selected policies, which ratifies the optimized switching thresholds and makes it best candidate for<br />imperfect channel conditions.</p>
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Qiu, Guo Wang, i Feng Qi Yu. "Variable-Rate Variable-Power MQAM for Energy Efficient Transmission over Fading Channels". Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (lipiec 2013): 1694–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1694.
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Wireless communication devices are often battery-powered. Reducing energy consumption during transmission has become a major challenge. We propose an optimal adaptation scheme and a suboptimal scheme based on the continuous-power discrete-rate adaptation (CPDR) for energy efficient transmission over fading channels. In our proposed schemes, we optimize the average transmit power according to data rate of the source node and buffer level, and then we adapt the transmit rate and power according to the CPDR scheme. Simulation results show that our proposed schemes have outstanding performance on energy-saving.
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Ehsan, Aiman, Khurram Zeeshan Haider, Shahla Faisal, Faisal Maqbool Zahid i Isaac Mwangi Wangari. "Self-Adaptation Resource Allocation for Continuous Offloading Tasks in Pervasive Computing". Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2022 (28.06.2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8040487.
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Advancement in technology has led to an increase in data. Consequently, techniques such as deep learning and artificial intelligence which are used in deciphering data are increasingly becoming popular. Further, advancement in technology does increase user expectations on devices, including consumer interfaces such as mobile apps, virtual environments, or popular software systems. As a result, power from the battery is consumed fast as it is used in providing high definition display as well as in charging the sensors of the devices. Low latency requires more power consumption in certain conditions. Cloud computing improves the computational difficulties of smart devices with offloading. By optimizing the device’s parameters to make it easier to find optimal decisions for offloading tasks, using a metaheuristic algorithm to transfer the data or offload the task, cloud computing makes it easier. In cloud servers, we offload the tasks and limit their resources by simulating them in a virtual environment. Then we check resource parameters and compare them using metaheuristic algorithms. When comparing the default algorithm FCFS to ACO or PSO, we find that PSO has less battery or makespan time compared to FCFS or ACO. The energy consumption of devices is reduced if their resources are offloaded, so we compare the results of metaheuristic algorithms to find less battery usage or makespan time, resulting in the PSO increasing battery life or making the system more efficient.
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Shabdanov, Samat, Patrick Mitran i Catherine Rosenberg. "Achieving Optimal Throughput in Cooperative Wireless Multihop Networks With Rate Adaptation and Continuous Power Control". IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 13, nr 7 (lipiec 2014): 3880–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2014.2324583.
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Batista Pisa, Élerson Luiz, Livia Da Silva Oliveira, David Barbosa de Alencar i Manoel Henrique Reis Nascimento. "Power Supply Modifying from 400 W to 600 W, Adding a 12v Circuit Voltage for Total 1200 W Power Operation of Machine ASPT Module Test". International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, nr 10 (31.10.2019): 585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss10.1805.
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Companies are constantly seeking to implement continuous improvements in all sectors, seeking to build a relationship of reliability with their customers by improving the quality of their products. Given this scenario, this study aims to apply the power increase of a power supply to optimize a process. The implementation was made in a company of the industrial center of Manaus-AM. The proposal presented in this paper, points implementation of maintenance improvements, adaptation in the power supply and cost reduction.
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Ramos-Paja, Carlos Andres, Juan David Bastidas-Rodriguez i Andres Julian Saavedra-Montes. "Low-Voltage Photovoltaic System Based on a Continuous Input/Output Current Converter". Computation 11, nr 2 (20.02.2023): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation11020042.
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Low-voltage photovoltaic systems are being widely used around the world, including their introduction into the power grid. The development of these systems requires the adaptation of several power converters, their static and dynamic modeling, the design of passive elements, and the design of the controller parameters, among other actions. Today, power converters are key elements in the development of photovoltaic systems, and classical power converters such as buck converters produce discontinuous input and output currents, requiring a high input capacitance and impacting the output power quality of these systems. This paper presents a proposal for a low-voltage photovoltaic system that uses a continuous input/output current buck converter, which enhances the operation of the classical buck converter in photovoltaic systems. The methodology describes the proposed photovoltaic system, including the power converter, its detailed operation, and the analysis of its waveforms. Moreover, the methodology includes a mathematical model of the photovoltaic system’s dynamic behavior and the design of a sliding-mode controller for maximum power extraction and perturbation rejection. The photovoltaic system is validated in two ways: first, a comparison with the classical buck converter highlighting the advantages of continuous input/output currents is presented; then, an application example using commercial devices is described in detail. The application example uses a flowchart to design the power converter and the sliding-mode controller, and a circuit simulation confirms the advantages of the continuous input/output current buck converter with its controller. In the circuit simulation, the control strategy is formed by a perturb and observe algorithm that generates the voltage reference for the sliding-mode controller, which guarantees the system stability, tracks the maximum power point, and rejects the double-frequency oscillations generated by an intended microinverter.
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Kouplevatskaya-Yunusova, Irina. "The Evolution of Stakeholders' Participation in a Process of Forest Policy Reform in Kyrgyz Republic (reviewed paper)". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 156, nr 10 (1.10.2005): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2005.0385.
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National forest policy reform based on participation proves to be a complex multi-layer process in the course of which all the participants are subject to continuous adaptation to the permanently changing context. The example of Kyrgyzstan shows that participation is not only a procedure for deliberative democracy or collaborative learning, but also a means for re-appropriation of power by the stronger stakeholders.
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Bezprozvannych, Ganna, i Yevgen Moskvitin. "AGING MANAGEMENT OF CABLES OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS". Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., nr 11-12(177-178) (17.03.2023): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2022.11.02.
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Cable aging management is an integral and mandatory requirement for continuous safety and reliable operation of nuclear power plants due to the extension of their service life. The research of the scientific community is focused on the adaptation of electrical non-destructive methods of monitoring cable samples in laboratory conditions to determine the state of their electrical insulation. The performed analysis of NPP cable aging management programs proves the need for new representative results of cable research to determine characteristics using special control methods and appropriate equipment. Emphasis is placed on the strategy of cable aging management with the involvement of scientists with professional experience in conducting complex diagnostic examinations with qualified analysis of the obtained results based on the most modern technologies. Effective methods, techniques, and modern techniques for the assessment of the technical condition of NPP cables are presented.
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Kim, Hyun-Woo, Joo-Youn Nam i Hang-Sik Shin. "Ammonia inhibition and microbial adaptation in continuous single-chamber microbial fuel cells". Journal of Power Sources 196, nr 15 (sierpień 2011): 6210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.03.061.
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Rossignoli, Claudia. "Playing the Afterlife: Dante’s Otherworlds in the Gaming Age". Games and Culture 15, nr 7 (29.09.2019): 825–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412019872578.
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In the centuries of its continuous circulation, Dante’s Comedy has been one the most productive examples of the transmedia potential of literary works. The timeless relevance of its fundamental moral questions, the cosmic dimension of its imaginative power, and the intensity of its realism, all hold unparalleled promise for any kind of adaptation, translation, or transmediation. The Comedy, and especially its first infernal cantica, gets periodically reinvented and transferred into creative outlets that are increasingly technology driven. This article will explore existing gaming adaptations of Dante’s Comedy, to focus on the one hand on textual aspects that are mostly exploited to achieve commercial success and on the other on the potential offered by the text and often marginalized by developers. The article will discuss ways in which new creative approaches would allow for a gaming experience with the authenticity, intensity, and relevance of the “original.”
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Continuous power adaptation"
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Narayanan, Anand. "Eye opening monitor for optimized self-adaptation of low-power equalizers in multi-gigabit serial links". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniksystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-106580.
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In modern day communication systems, there is a constant demand for increase in transmission rates. This is however limited by the bandwidth limitation of the channel. Inter symbol interference (ISI) imposes a great threat to increasing data rates by degrading the signal quality. Equalizers are used at the receiver to compensate for the losses in the channel and thereby greatly mitigate ISI. Further, an adaptive equalizer is desired which can be used over a channel whose response is unknown or is time-varying. A low power equalizing solution in a moderately attenuated channel is an analog peaking filter which boosts the signal high frequency components. Such conventional continuous time linear equalizers (CTLE) provide a single degree of controllability over the high frequency boost. A more complex CTLE has been designed which has two degrees of freedom by controlling the high frequency boost as well as the range of frequencies over which the boost is applied. This extra degree of controllability over the equalizer response is desired to better adapt to the varying channel response and result in an equalized signal with a wider eye opening. A robust adaptation technique is necessary to tune the equalizer characteristics. Some of the commonly used techniques for adaptation of CTLEs are based on energy comparison criterion in the frequency domain. But the adaptation achieved using these techniques might not be optimal especially for an equalizer with two degrees of controllability. In such cases an eye opening monitor (EOM) could be used which evaluates the actual signal quality in time domain. The EOM gives an estimate on the signal quality by measuring the eye opening of the equalized signal in horizontal and vertical domain. In this thesis work a CTLE with two degrees of freedom with an EOM based adaptation system has been implemented.
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Lallement, Guénolé. "Extension of socs mission capabilities by offering near-zero-power performances and enabling continuous functionality for Iot systems". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0573.
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Les développements récents dans le domaine des circuits intégrés (IC) à basse tension ont ouvert la voie à des dispositifs électroniques économes en énergie dans un réseau mondial en plein essor appelé l’internet des objets (IoT) ou l’internet des choses (IoE). Cependant, la durabilité de tous ces capteurs interconnectés est compromise par le besoin constant d’une batterie embarquée – qui doit être rechargée ou remplacée – ou d’un récupérateur d’énergie à rendement très limité. La consommation d’énergie des systèmes électroniques grand public actuels est en effet cinquante fois plus élevée que celle d’un collecteur d’une taille de l’ordre du cm 2 , ou limitée à quelques mois sur une petite batterie. Cela contraint la viabilité de solutions fonctionnant à l’échelle d’une vie humaine. Les systèmes sur puce (SoCs) à venir nécessitent donc de relever le défi de cette lacune énergétique en optimisant l’architecture, de la technologie au niveau du système. L’approche technique de ce travail vise à démontrer la faisabilité d’un SoC efficient, ultra-basse tension (ULV) et ultra-basse puissance (ULP) utilisant exclusivement les dernières directives industrielles en matière de technologies FD-SOI (Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator) 28 nm et 22 nm. Plusieurs SoCs multi-domaines basés sur des cœurs ARM sont implémentés pour démontrer des stratégies de réveil basées sur les entrées des capteurs. Ainsi, en optimisant l’architecture du système, en sélectionnant et en concevant correctement les composants avec des caractéristiques technologiques choisies de manière adéquate, et en ajustant soigneusement l’implémentation physique, on obtient un SoC entièrement optimisé en énergieRecent developments in the field of low voltage integrated circuits (IC) have paved the way towards energy efficient electronic devices in a booming global network called the internet-of-things (IoT) or the internet-of-everything (IoE). However, the sustainability of all these inter- connected sensors is still undermined by the constant need for either an on-board battery – that must be recharged or replaced – or an energy harvester with very limited power efficiency. The power consumption of present consumer electronic systems is fifty times higher than the energy available by cm 2-size harvester or limited to a few months on a small battery, thus hardly viable for lifetime solutions. Upcoming systems-on-chip (SoCs) must overcome the challenge of this energy gap by architecture optimizations from technology to system level. The technical approach of this work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of an efficient ultra-low-voltage (ULV) and ultra-low-power (ULP) SoC using exclusively latest industrial guidelines in 28 nm and 22 nm fully depleted silicon on insulator (FD-SOI) technologies. Several multi-power-domain SoCs based on ARM cores are implemented to demonstrate wake up strategies based on sensors inputs. By optimizing the system architecture, properly selecting and designing compo- nents with technology features chosen adequately, carefully tuning the implementation, a fully energy-optimized SoC is realized
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Rimalapudi, Sarvendranath. "Transmit Antenna Selection in Underlay Spectrum Sharing: Role of Power Adaptation, Interference Constraint, and Channel State Information". Thesis, 2020. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4519.
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Spectrum sharing is essential to support high wireless data rates and a large number of wireless connections by the future technologies in the limited spectrum that is available. In underlay spectrum sharing a secondary user (SU) transmits simultaneously in the same spectrum as the high priority primary user (PU) while ensuring that the interference caused to the PU is constrained. These interference constraints can limit the SU's performance significantly.
Transmit antenna selection (TAS) is a low hardware complexity multiple antenna technique that exploits spatial diversity from multiple antennas to improve the SU's performance. In it, the secondary transmitter (STx) selects one among the multiple antennas and connects it to the one available radio frequency chain to transmit. TAS rule specifies the antenna to transmit as a function of the channel gains from the STx to the primary receiver (PRx) and the channel gains from the STx to the secondary receiver. We study the combined impact of the power adaptation technique employed at the STx, interference constraint, and the channel state information (CSI) available at the STx on TAS for underlay spectrum sharing.
In this thesis, we focus on characterizing optimal TAS rules that minimize the average symbol error probability (SEP) of an underlay secondary system that is subject to a general class of stochastic interference constraints.
This includes the average interference constraint and the interference-outage constraint.
We first focus on a secondary system that employs on-off power adaptation at the STx and is subject to the interference-outage constraint.
For it, we propose a TAS rule that minimizes the average SEP when the STx shares spectrum with a single PRx and has the instantaneous CSI of the link from it to the PRx.
We prove it to be SEP-optimal for a general class of fading models with a continuous cumulative distribution function.
We derive expressions for its interference-outage probability and average SEP for both perfect and imperfect CSI. We show that it reduces the average SEP significantly compared to the existing selection rules in the literature.
We then generalize the above model to consider the practical scenario in which the SU shares spectrum with multiple PRxs.
For it, we develop a TAS rule that minimizes the average SEP when the STx has instantaneous CSI of only a subset of the STx-PRx links.
We study the impact of the STx-PRx CSI on the optimal rule by considering the cases when the STx knows channel gains to all the PRxs and when it does not know channel gains to any of the PRxs.
We derive expressions for its interference-outage probability and average SEP. We observe that
the performance of the optimal rule is insensitive to the interference power
threshold when the STx does not know the instantaneous CSI of all the STx-PRx links.
Next, we consider a secondary system that employs continuous power adaptation, is subject to the interference-outage and peak transmit power constraints, and shares the spectrum with a single PRx.
For it, we present an SEP-optimal joint antenna selection and power adaptation rule that applies to the class of fading models with continuous cumulative distribution function.
We show that the optimal rule achieves a one to two orders of magnitude reduction in the average SEP compared to the existing rules in the literature.
We then propose a simpler, yet near-optimal, variant called the linear rule. We derive tight bounds for its average SEP and interference-outage probability.
Lastly, we study a practically-motivated system model in which the
STx only has the statistical information of the links from itself to the PRx.
We derive the joint optimal antenna and power adaptation rule for it. We show that it has an intuitive and separable form for the general class of stochastic interference constraints.
We evaluate the impact of the power adaptation, interference constraint, and multiple antennas on the performance of the secondary and primary systems.Sheshgiri M. Kaikini and Krishna S. Kaikini scholarship in Engineering
Książki na temat "Continuous power adaptation"
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Oplotnik, Žan Jan, i Natacha de Jesus Silva, red. Contemporary Issues in International Economics. Institute for Local Self-Government Maribor, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/2021.9.
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The contemporary economic environment is in most segments quite different than it was even two decades ago. Globalization, development of new technologies, especial in the IT sector, financial innovations, repositioning of economic powers, and new business models are only a few of many new realities. Although all listed brought numerous new possibilities and continuous economic growth, we cannot neglect the increased risks and perils of contemporary economic reality. Uncertainty and adaptation have become a mantra in the life of entrepreneurs, governments, and institutions. Through eight chapters of this monograph, different experts, researchers and scholars try to enlight contemporary economic environment from a different perspective, either from the perspective of entrepreneur, financial industry, governments or average consumer and participant in the modern economy that was very promising only a few decades ago, but more uncertain and dangerous than ever, in the present.
Części książek na temat "Continuous power adaptation"
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Najjar, D., B. Dhehibi, B. Baruah, A. Aw-Hassan i A. Bentaibi. "Climate-induced migration, women and decision making power in the agricultural wage sector in Saiss, Morocco." W Gender, climate change and livelihoods: vulnerabilities and adaptations, 185–95. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247053.0014.
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Abstract This chapter examines the gendered effects of drought-induced migration in rural Morocco for settler migrants and farmers who stay behind in sending communities. Due to state investments in irrigation, the Saiss plains of Morocco are experiencing rural-rural migration as an adaptive strategy for many who are escaping climate change and unemployment, to take advantage of labor opportunities in agricultural sectors elsewhere. The well-being and decision making power of male and female migrants in receiving communities (Betit and Sidi Slimane) and women staying behind in sending communities (Ain Jemaa) are examined. The chapter begins with a literature review on decision making power, gender, migration, and work in rural areas. Following this, the case study characteristics are presented, which detail how climate change is fueling migration, gender norms in host and sending communities, as well as the gender dynamics in accessing economic opportunities and decision making power. The chapter ends with recommendations to strengthen the women's decision making power as migration continues, with a focus on strengthening landed property ownership for women.
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Remington, Thomas F. "The Social Market Economy in Germany". W The Returns to Power, 249—C9P114. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197685952.003.0009.
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Abstract In Germany, the liberal economic model that replaced the centralized, war-oriented economy of the Third Reich, based on the principles of the “social market economy” and “social partnership,” has led to widely shared prosperity and broad support for democratic values. The system has maintained this model since the end of the war through continuous incremental adaptation. The contributions of Freiburg school ordoliberalism, along with such institutions as collective bargaining, employment-based social insurance, a vigorous antimonopoly policy, and a concern with social justice, have contributed to Germany’s success. An orientation to investment in the productive capacities of the workforce facilitates the sharing of knowledge, in contrast to the more conflictual American system of labor-management relations. Germany does not confuse financial manipulation with the production of value. Germany’s party system has so far kept antidemocratic extremists on the margins.
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Radu, Roxana. "The WSIS Decade and the Public–Private Partnership Thirst". W Negotiating Internet Governance, 113–56. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833079.003.0005.
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The governance of the Internet faced a reflexive turn throughout the WSIS decade (2005–15), explored in this chapter. Concerns for authority, legitimacy, and accountability—expressed by different stakeholders—became central to the evolution of the field. A number of challenges, stemming from three diverse sources, were embedded therein. First, questions were spawn by the modus operandi of the sui generis institutions, such as the international technical bodies exercising public governance functions to ensure the continuous functioning of the Internet. Second, demands resulted from the gradual adaptation of intergovernmental organizations with core or tangential interests in the field. Third, the role of private intermediaries was called into question as their financial and political power rose steeply. Their relation to governments was also probed, particularly after the 2013 Snowden leaks.
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Sanders, Matthew R., i James N. Kirby. "Quality Assurance and Program Development". W The Power of Positive Parenting, redaktorzy Matthew R. Sanders i Trevor G. Mazzucchelli, 460–71. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190629069.003.0043.
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Interventions need to remain relevant, appropriate, and effective for the populations they aim to target. This chapter focuses on describing a quality assurance process that can be used by program developers to facilitate program innovation through a 10-stage research-and-development cycle. Using the Triple P system as the exemplar, we illustrate how the model can be applied continuously from initial program development, program adaptation, to global international dissemination to ensure the program is ready for dissemination and will benefit as many families as possible. The intervention development framework presented outlines important considerations and lessons learned in the development cycle of interventions. The framework aims to ensure that the quality assurance and quality control of interventions remains high so that interventions can be as successful as possible.
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Targowski, Andrew. "The Information Wave of Civilization". W Information Technology and Societal Development, 184–217. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-004-2.ch009.
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This chapter will attempt to analyze the cumulative evolution of labor, intellect (information & knowledge), and politics. In pursuit of this aim, it will analyze the role of information throughout civilization history. Whereas historians reveal the myriad dimensions of social order that remained uncontrollable in the past, modern analysts consciously initiate designs that are not a product of chance—but do so in webs of dispute, ambivalence, and fuzziness of language. There are questions concerning the relevance of history (Henry Ford’s famous aphorism was that history is “bunk”) and the objectivity of information (to the postmodernist philosophers, there is no such thing). These cast doubt on the use of historical data for predicting the future, and also suggest its limitations. In this section, we shall analyze the architectural relationships between intellect, politics, and labor in a historical context, in order to understand the relationships, rules, and eventually laws that govern civilization development. Through such a structural understanding of the past, it may be possible to better predict the future of civilization. Even though this may not be optimal, it is at the very least a satisfactory place and role for historians and our institutions. The architectural approach to a history of civilization is a new layer over quantitative history based on statistical data. In an architectural history of civilization, we seek a “big picture” of “civilization ages and revolutions” to develop some criteria-oriented views of the world and its future predictability. To understand how crises and conflicts of civilization have been driven by technology in recent centuries, such analysis must be undertaken with some optimism about human proactive adaptation, survival, and development. This approach to civilization development should allow humans eventually to “reinvent the future” in a continuous manner. In due course, we should be able to predict the “rate of change” and provide “civilization-bridging solutions” based on original thinking. In the last several centuries, civilization has been driven by its infrastructures (such as bureaucracy, electrical power, vehicle engines). Therefore, we shall look more at the role of information infrastructure, which secures the vitality of the information ecology. The information ecology (environment) is a holistic, human-centered management of information to control development and operations of info-materiel-energy-oriented processes. The first who applied this term are Bruce W. Hasenyager (1996) and Thomas H. Davenport (1997), who emphasize people over machines in the role of handling information.
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McNarry, Melitta A., i Neil Armstrong. "Aerobic and anaerobic responses to training". W Oxford Textbook of Children's Sport and Excercise Medicine 4e, redaktorzy Neil Armstrong i Willem van Mechelen, 455–66. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192843968.003.0032.
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Abstract Recent decades have seen a dramatic increase in research focused on the influence of training on the aerobic and anaerobic fitness of youth. This has led to a growing body of evidence that suggests that children and adolescents are able to respond to training, irrespective of their maturity level. Specifically, peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2peak) and pulmonary V˙O2kinetics are well-evidenced to be enhanced with training, with more tentative evidence to suggest similar adaptations in the lactate/gas exchange threshold and exercise economy. In terms of anaerobic fitness, peak and mean power are generally reported to be increased following training, although speed may be more variable as it is a multifaceted outcome also influenced by motor coordination and anthropometrics. This evidence therefore refutes the notion of a maturational threshold and has important implications for the design of appropriate training programmes for and talent identification in youth athletes. In terms of designing effective training programmes, evidence continues to support the importance of intensity rather than duration in eliciting training-related adaptations in youth. There does, however, remain a paucity of research with regard to the influence of training on many parameters of both aerobic and anaerobic fitness and too few methodologically robust studies to draw conclusions in many areas. Significant work remains to be done in the field of paediatric trainability and the mechanistic basis for training-related adaptations.
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Adams, Julian. "Evolution of Complexity in Microbial Populations". W Perspectives on Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162929.003.0016.
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Complexity in the living world can be seen at many different levels of organization. Even the simplest of free-living organisms possesses an extremely complex structure and metabolism [7], still incompletely understood in spite of concerted efforts over the last several decades by armies of molecular and cellular biologists. Populations of organisms can also be considered to possess their own intrinsic complexity, being comprised of assemblages of genetically different organisms. Although there may be a few exceptions (e.g., O'Brien and Wildt [11] and Cohn [2]), the genome of each member of a population can be considered to be genetically unique. One notable application of this observation has occurred in forensic science. In the last ten years or so, DNA typing, with its overwhelming power to identify individual members of a population, has been used in numerous criminal court cases to establish the guilt—or innocence—of defendants. A central issue in population genetics and evolutionary biology continues to be the explanation of the large amounts of genetic variability observed in natural populations of virtually all species examined. The search for mechanisms has mainly focused on patterns of selective differences (or lack thereof), which can maintain pre-existing variability in populations, and has largely ignored the more basic, but related question of the evolution of the more complex polymorphic state (genetic variation in populations) from the simpler condition of monomorphism (genetic uniformity). Simple population genetic theory has been remarkably unsuccessful in proposing plausible and global mechanisms which would result in such widespread variation. Heterozygous advantage is frequently invoked as a mechanism for the maintenance of genetic variation in populations of diploid sexually reproducing eukaryotes. However, the paucity of well-authenticated cases of overdominance, as well as theoretical difficulties implicit in the assumption of heterozygote superiority for many loci, make it unlikely as a general explanation for the maintenance of polymorphism. Furthermore, the luxury of explanations involving heterozygous advantage is not available for haploid and asexually reproducing species. Alternatively, "neutral" theory postulates that genetically different individuals in a population do not differ in their ability to survive and pass on their genes to future generations—that is, they possess identical "fitnesses." The abundance of examples of fitness differences between individuals makes such an explanation unlikely.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Continuous power adaptation"
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Song, Taejoon, Daniel Lo i G. Edward Suh. "Prediction-Guided Performance-Energy Trade-off with Continuous Run-Time Adaptation". W ISLPED '16: International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2934583.2934598.
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Motard, Arnaud, Christophe Louot, Inka Manek-Hönninger, Nicolas Dalloz i Anne Hildenbrand-Dhollande. "FBG Reflected Wavelength and Fiber Gain Matching on a Continuous Wave Monolithic Tm3+, Ho3+-Doped Fiber Laser". W Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.2022.jw3a.1.
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We present the optimization of a 2 µm CW monolithic single-oscillator laser in terms of output power and efficiency by the adaptation of the FBG reflected wavelength to the maximum gain wavelength of the fiber.
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Schneider, Ernst, Stephan Staudacher, Bruno Schuermans i Haiwen Ye. "Model Based Active Combustion Control Concept for Reduction of Pulsations and NOx Emissions in Lean Premixed Gas Turbine Combustors". W ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50326.
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Strict environmental regulations demand gas turbine operation at very low equivalence ratios. Premixed gas turbine combustors, operated at very lean conditions, are prone to thermoacoustic instabilities. Thermoacoustic instabilities cause significant performance and reliability problems in gas turbine combustors, so their prevention is a general task. Splitting the fuel mass flow between different burner groups, i.e. using a burner group fuel staging technique, is a possibility to control the thermoacoustic instabilities. The resulting combustion perturbations have also effects on the gas turbine NOx emissions making it necessary to find an optimum balance between pulsations and emissions. This paper presents a model based active combustion control concept for the reduction of pulsations and emissions in lean premixed gas turbine combustors. The model is integrated in an observer structure derived from a Luenberger observer. The control logic is based on a PID algorithm allowing either the direct command of the pulsation level with a continuous monitoring and a potential limit setting of the NOx emission level or vice versa. The gas turbine pulsations and emissions are modelled using Gaussian Processes. - Gaussian Processes are stochastic processes related to Neural Networks that can approximate arbitrary functions. Based on measured gas turbine data they can be implemented in an easy and straightforward manner. The model provides the control system with real time data of the outputs resulting from settings of the staging ratio that is the actuating variable of the system. A model based control concept can significantly alleviate the effects of time delays in the system. The model based control concept allows for fast adaptation of the burner group staging ratio during static and transient operations to achieve an optimum of the pulsation and emission levels. During tests the model based control concept gave good results and proved to be robust even at high disturbance levels.
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Braun, M. J., F. K. Choy, M. Dzodzo, J. Hsu, R. Veillette i D. Deckler. "A Theoretical and Numerical Development of the Concept of the Active Control Foil Bearing (ACFB)". W ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-172.
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The authors of the present paper envisage far reaching applications of the foil bearing technology when merged with the concept of active control. Thus, this paper proposes and presents a comprehensive procedure for feedback control design for an active foil bearing. Two types of controllers are introduced, and discussed: i) the active feedback control for online adjustment, and ii) the supervisory control for anticipatory event management. A numerical procedure to simulate the steady state and transient dynamics of a foil bearing was also presented. Successful introduction of such a new type of bearing will allow: (a) tolerance and ‘on-line’ adaptation to large time-dependent distortions and misalignment, (b) continuous adjustment for enhanced stability and resilience to high speed rubs, (c) reduced wear and power loss, (d) relative immunity from foreign object damage (FOD), (e) high load capacity due to thicker film lubricant, (f) lighter weight and reduced spatial envelope over active magnetic bearings, and (g) inherent stability without feedback control as compared with the magnetic bearing which has no stable equilibrium without feedback.
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Le Quoc, Hieu. "Intersemiotic Translation in Adaptation: The Case Study of the Adaptation of Narrative Poem The Tale of Kiều (Nguyễn Du) to Cải lương Film Kim Vân Kiều (Nguyễn Bạch Tuyết)". W GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.11-4.
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We are living in the age of adaptation. In contemporary art, the power of adaptation is evidenced by the fact that a textual semiotic system is continuously passing through the different genres and means to establish new texts. Adaptation is also an intercultural translation as each work adapted experiences a cultural shift so as to adapt to the target culture. Although The Tale of Kieu (Nguyen Du) made use of the plot of Kim Van Kieu, written as the pseudonym Qingxin Cairen (青心才人, Pure Heart Talented Man), in the Vietnamese artistic context, the tale can be considered as the “original text” that provides superabundant materials for other adaptations. The Tale of Kieu is one of the Nom poetries that has been most adapted to other art forms, particularly “cải lương” (reformed theatre). In this study, we analyze the case of video-cải lương Kim Van Kieu (directed by Nguyen Bach Tuyet), to determine modes of semiotic transposition from the narrative (narrative poem) to the performance/showing (video cải lương). This inter-semiotic translation process requires that the author adapts, selects, renounces, transforms as well as encodes/decodes, as semiotics, genre, and materials belonging to the verbal semiotic system to the nonverbal semiotic system, or vice versa. To concretize this, we analyze factors that were involved or omited during the adaptation of The Tale of Kieu to Kim Van Kieu.
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Banihabib, Reyhaneh, Markus Josef Obrist, Mohsen Assadi i Peter Jansohn. "Micro Gas Turbine Modelling and Adaptation for Condition Monitoring". W GPPS Chania22. GPPS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/gpps22-tc-138.
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The future of decentralized power production with renewables as the main driver necessitates small-scale units such as micro gas turbines (MGTs) that are reliable and flexible in operation. Similar to large-scale gas turbines, MGTs operate based on the Brayton cycle, while providing added flexibility by variable rotational speed. To continuously monitor the condition of MGTs and maintain a reliable operation, an accurate model of the engine is required which predicts the expected operation of the engine in its healthy status. This work aims to develop a model for individual MGTs that is fast and accurate enough to be utilized for condition monitoring purposes. Due to the role of MGTs in the power generation system as backup for renewables, they operate frequently in part-load conditions to provide the remaining required power for the electric grid. Therefore, the model should provide accurate predictions for both design and off-design operations. In this paper, the development of an engine model and the extensive adaptation process are presented during which the characteristics of the gas turbine components are modified in order to meet the experimental data within a range of operational conditions. The adaptive approach is validated by the experimental results extracted from a test rig of a MGT unit such that the model can be subsequently used as a reliable tool for condition monitoring of that MGT.
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Ivanov, Konstantin S. "Theory of Continuously Variable Transmission With Two Degrees of Freedom: Paradox of Mechanics". W ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85762.
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Recently creation continuously variable transmission (CVT) having property of the adaptation to variable technological loading develops. Traditional CVT contains the hydraulic converter and gear differential with two degrees of freedom (patents of Crockett, Volkov). The hydraulic converter imposes differential constraint on movement of links of the mechanism with two degrees of freedom. It provides definability of movement of transmission. Take place progressive CVT without use of the hydraulic converter (Harries’s patent, Ivanov’s patent). Such transmission contains only gear differential with two degrees of freedom. However the theoretical substantiation of serviceability of such transmission is not convincing for the lack of the proof of static definability of the mechanism with two degrees of freedom, having only one input. Ivanov K.S.’s theoretical researches do not contain enough convincing arguments of presence of definability of such mechanisms. Mechanisms with two degrees of freedom are considered disabled because of their contradiction to a key rule of mechanics that the number of the generalized coordinates should be equal to number of degrees of freedom of the mechanism (that is it should be equal to two, instead of to one). In Ivanov K.S.’s early works it was mentioned presence of paradox of the mechanics reflecting essence of the specified discrepancy. However in these works there was no the elementary demonstrative base of essence of the phenomenon resulting in static definability. The purpose of the present work to describe essence of the phenomenon which in certain conditions result to static definability of the mechanism with two degrees of freedom at presence only of one input, to receive the theoretical description of paradox of mechanics and its authorization using the elementary laws of theoretical mechanics. In the work the presence of paradox of mechanics is proved. The paradox of mechanics takes place in the kinematic chain having the closed contour, and it consist in the following. The structural group with two degrees of freedom having two consistently connected links is statically definable at presence only one entrance link. The paradox of mechanics is authorized by the account of additional constraint which is imposed by kinematic chain with the closed contour and two degrees of freedom on movement of links by a principle of possible works. Use of the equations of a statics and additional constraint allows to receive the equations of interrelation of parameters of transmission and to execute synthesis of transmission on the set conditions of motion. The found laws will allow creating the transfer mechanisms having property of mechanical adaptation to variable technological loading. Mechanical adaptation provides an opportunity of motion of an output link with a speed inversely force of resistance at constant input power.
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Hartranft, Thomas, Carl A. Feickert, Alexander Zhivov i Frank H. Holcomb. "Energy Systems Analyses for Ultralow Energy Communities". W ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90303.
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In an increasingly energy constrained world, the Army and its logistic support envisions a future where its energy needs are designed and fulfilled by an elegant suite of ultra low energy solution options that can be tailored for adaptation at any Army installation or forward deployed base (FOB). Presently there is no overarching power delivery-energy storage-demand architecture and methodology to accomplish this. The Army’s present and future energy requirements are a mix of ultra-low and high energy intensity command and control facilities. Garrison Commanders must also have the capability to continuously adjust their ultra low energy suite in real time, by the tailoring and optimization of energy usage to accomplish strategic mission, security, and environmental goals. To address these issues requires the development of a properly designed and executed suite of ultra low energy systems that would enable adaptable, modular, scalable building-block power and thermal energy architecture so as to accommodate a full spectrum of local mission needs, from a few clustered facilities, an installation subsection, a full installation or deployed base. Accommodating this variability in an ultra-low energy environment will require a seamless blend of building automation, utility management and control systems, and power delivery systems with the capability to offer integration of onsite power, energy storage, and energy conservation. The controlling features embodied in the integrated suite of tools, systems analyses and methodologies, must not only optimize design but also day-to-day and hour-by-hour operation. What is envisioned is developing a prototype master plan for an ultra low energy community system that has been field tested at several specific Army campuses. A workshop of leading energy scientists and engineers has been convened to define the technology required to implement this vision. This paper presents the clarified summaries of their collective deliberations, and defines a way forward for a research program capable of achieving ultra low energy applications, for installations to deployed bases.
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Molnar, Jozef, i Radim Vocka. "The SCORPIO-VVER Core Monitoring and Surveillance System for VVER Type of Reactors". W 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30431.
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The SCORPIO-VVER core monitoring and surveillance system has proved since the first installation at Dukovany NPP in 1999 to be a valuable tool for the reactor operators and reactor physicists. It is now installed on four units of Dukovany NPP (EDU, Czech Republic), on two units of Bohunice NPP (EBO, Slovak Republic) replacing the original Russian VK3 system and on the full scale plant training simulator at the Centre for training and education of the reactor operators and reactor physicist in Trnava (Slovak Republic). By both Czech and Slovak nuclear regulatory bodies the system was licensed as a Technical Specification Surveillance tool. Since it’s first installation, the development of SCORPIO-VVER system continues along with the changes in VVER reactors operation. The system is being adapted according the utility needs and several notable improvements in physical modules of the system were introduced. The most significant changes were done in support of the latest optimized Gd bearing fuel assemblies, improvements in the area of core design (neutron physics, core thermal hydraulics and fuel thermal mechanics), adaptation of the system to up-rated unit conditions (uprated power up to 107%), in design and methodology of the limit and technical specifications checking and improvements in the predictive part of the system. After the currently finished upgrades the SCORPIO-VVER is still in focus of Central European nuclear power plants with the roadmap of upgrades and modifications up to 2016. This paper shortly describes the system’s main functions, the history of implementation at the VVER-440 type of reactors and deals with the system’s future upgrades and plans to meet the latest requirements of efficient and safety NPP operation.
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Radmehr, Ahmad, Arash Hosseinian Ahangarnejad, Ali Tajaddini i Mehdi Ahmadian. "Surface Profile and Third-Body Layer Accumulation Measurement Using a 3D Laser Profiler". W 2020 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2020-8041.
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Abstract The surface profile wear and the resulting third-body layer accumulation are investigated on the Virginia Tech-Federal Railroad Administration Roller Rig (VT-FRA Roller Rig), using a high-precision 3D laser profiler by Keyence. It is observed that the wheel surface gradually wears and the fine worn material accumulates on the running surfaces. It is further observed that with the progression of the wear and accumulation of a powder-like material at running surface, a preocular change in wheel-rail traction occurs. The first step in exploring the physics of the changes in traction is quantifying, precisely, the micron-sized surface finish changes and wear material accumulation. This paper provides the process of choosing a suitable surface profiler for the VT-FRA roller rig adaptation, and the results of a series of tests under various wheel load and contact configurations. A baseline experiment is conducted to evaluate the wheel wear and the accumulation of the naturally-generated third body layer (the worn material) on the wheel’s running surface. Before each series of experiments, the wheel and roller running surfaces were polished and thoroughly cleaned to make sure that they are perfectly smooth (finished) and free of any debris or dust. The wheel surface profile is measured in the perfectly cleaned condition using the 3D laser scanner. Time controlled experiments are run with different wheel loads, % slippage, and angle of attack (AoA) for 500 seconds. For each run, the change with surface finish and accumulated third body layer build up is measured. It is consistently observed that the traction forces increase gradually with time until they reach a stable level, presented by a plateau in the traction-slippage curves. The time to reach the plateau is directly related to wheel’s dynamic conditions including load, %slippage, and AOA. For some of the conditions, such as wheel load, the relationship is linear and for others (such as AOA) it is nonlinear. Concentrating on the analysis of the baseline results, it is observed that the change in surface finish and the third body layer that naturally accumulates at the running surface — hence, referred to as “natural third body layer” or “NTBL” — is directly correlated and somewhat linearly with NTBL and change in the running surface from smooth to rough. The correlation is most noticeable for the NTBL. With increasing NTBL, traction increases rapidly until the running surface is saturated with the accumulated wear material, presumably a ferrous oxide. There is far weaker correlation between the change in surface finish and traction variations. It is noticed that the surface finish continues to change beyond the time that the traction forces reach their plateau, and its effect remains far more gradual than NTBL.