Rozprawy doktorskie: „Construction en bambou”

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Rodier, Loïc. "Matériaux de construction en zone tropicale humide : Potentialités de sous-produits ou de matériaux naturels locaux en substitution ou addition à la matrice cimentaire". Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0804/document.

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L’incorporation de sous-produits agricoles ou de matériaux naturels dans la matrice cimentaire confère des propriétés intéressantes aux composites élaborés. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’élaborer un matériau pouvant répondre aux exigences mécaniques, thermiques et de durabilité des matériaux de construction en zone tropicale humide. Dans un premier temps, l’activité pouzzolanique d’une pouzzolane naturelle, de cendres de tronc de bambou et de cendres de bagasse de canne à sucre ont été évaluées. L’influence de leur incorporation a été ensuite étudiée sur les propriétés mécaniques et la durabilité des mortiers exposés à des ions chlorures et sulfates. Dans un second temps, l’influence de l’ajout de fibres de bagasse sur les propriétés thermiques et mécaniques des composites a été étudiée en fonction de différents paramètres (teneur en fibres, environnement de vieillissement, type de matrice cimentaire).Les résultats obtenus ont permis de montrer que les matériaux étudiés possèdent une activité pouzzolanique et qu’il est possible de les incorporer au ciment afin de lutter contre la corrosion. De plus, les composites élaborés avec des fibres de bagasse sont plus isolants que ceux élaborés sans fibres. Cependant, du point de vue des propriétés mécaniques, l’incorporation de fibres de bagasse diminue les contraintes à la flexion des composites
The incorporation of crop wastes or natural materials in the cement matrix confers interesting properties to composites prepared. The aim of this thesis is to develop a material that can reach the mechanical, thermal and durability requirements for building materials in the humid tropical zone. Firstly, pozzolanic activity of a natural pozzolan, bamboo stem and sugar cane bagasse ashes has been determined. Influence of their incorporation on mechanical properties and durability of mortars exposed to chloride and sulphate ions was studied. Secondly, influence of addition of bagasse fibers on thermal and mechanical properties of composites was studied as a function of various parameters (fibers content, curing, type of cement matrix).These results has shown that the materials studied have pozzolanic activity and it is possible to incorporate them into the cement to fight against corrosion. Moreover, composites elaborated with bagasse fibers are more insulating than those elaborated without fibers. However, from the viewpoint of mechanical properties, incorporation of bagasse fibers decreases flexural strength of composites in the present work and under the conditions producing procedures that were adopted

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Noia, Paula Regina da Cruz. "Sustentabilidade socioambiental: desenvolvimento de sistemas construtivos em bambu no Vale do Ribeira, SP". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-04032013-095707/.

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O discurso corrente sobre termos como \"desenvolvimento sustentável\" e \"sustentabilidade\" tende a ser atribuído diretamente a uma matriz de pensamento \"verde\" que se desenvolve de maneira independente em relação à realidade social envolvida. No entanto, a manutenção de uma sociedade sustentável deve resgatar, sobretudo, o conceito de qualidade de vida das sociedades. Assim, configura-se a demanda de elaboração de possíveis formas de organizações sustentáveis baseadas nos valores históricos, culturais e nas relações existentes entre os cidadãos e a natureza. Diante das questões levantadas, a produção da arquitetura tende a sofrer uma reflexão sobre a postura que se mostraria mais coerente com tais preceitos. A busca por uma arquitetura de baixo impacto social e ambiental pode estar ligada a uma adequada articulação entre novas tecnologias e tradições construtivas existentes, conforme o conceito de pluralismo tecnológico. Diante do cenário social e ambiental do Vale do Ribeira, SP, mostra-se necessário o pensar em culturas construtivas que garantam o estreitamento de relações comunitárias, o envolvimento do usuário/produtor com o processo construtivo, a formação de uma mão-de-obra capacitada e a consequente autonomia das comunidades locais. O bambu representa uma cultura agrícola de fácil manutenção no ambiente natural do Vale do Ribeira, sendo já atualmente uma das principais regiões de seu cultivo no Estado de São Paulo. Configura-se como planta com grande potencial de regeneração ambiental e de grande rendimento produtivo. Já na elaboração do material para seu uso na construção, seu processo produtivo possibilita um amplo domínio pelo usuário, configurando um importante veículo de engajamento de projetos de inclusão social, possibilitando formação, capacitação e geração de trabalho e renda. Assim, a pesquisa visa elucidar e desenvolver possíveis sistemas construtivos em bambu que respondam às questões econômicas, ambientais e sociais referentes ao universo das comunidades caiçaras e ribeirinhas do Vale do Ribeira. A pesquisa, visando questões como o desenvolvimento de um processo de construção autônomo e a valorização do sujeito-autor de seu próprio espaço, contribui para uma forma de desenvolvimento contextual com raízes legítimas, integrado a um modo de vida e a uma cultura local, que só assim poderá trazer na incursão de novas tecnologias, uma atividade social e ambientalmente sustentável.
The current discourse about terms like \"sustainable development\" and \"sustainability\" is usually directly assigned to a \"green\" thinking, developed independently from the social reality involved. However, to maintain a sustainable society it is necessary to rescue the concept of quality of life of societies. Thus, there is a demand of developing possible ways of sustainable organizations, based on historical, cultural and in the relation between the citizens and nature. Before those questions, the production of architecture tends to be an object of observation to define which position would prove more coherence with such precepts. The demand for an architecture of low social and environmental impact can be connected to a proper articulation between new technologies and existing building traditions, as the concept of technological pluralism. Given the social and environmental scenario of the Vale do Ribeira, SP, it is necessary to think about constructive cultures that can guarantee a community relations approach, the involvement of the user / producer with the construction process, the formation of a manpower and the consequent empowerment of local communities. Bamboo is an easy to maintain agricultural culture in the natural environment in the Vale do Ribeira, one of the main regions of its cultivation in the State of São Paulo. It is a plant with great potential for environmental regeneration and high production yield. In material elaboration for construction, its production process enables a broad domain by the user, setting an important vehicle for engaging social inclusion projects, providing education, training, employment and income generation. The research aims to elucidate and develop possibilities for bamboo construction systems that responds to economic, environmental and social issues from the universe of regarding caiçaras and riverside communities in Vale do Ribeira. The research, aimed at issues such as the development of a autonomous building process and the appreciation of the subject-author of your own space, contributes to a contextual development with legitimate roots, integrated into local way of life and culture, which represents the only way of bringing in the incursion of new technologies, a social and environmentally sustainable.

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Radaskievicz, Tiago. "Influência do tipo de ligação no desempenho estrutural de treliças de bambu mosô". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2912.

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A aplicação do bambu como elemento estrutural é comum em muitos países da Ásia e da América do Sul, ainda que com diferentes metodologias construtivas. Apesar de algumas espécies, como a bambu Mosô (Phyllostachys Pubescens) utilizada neste trabalho, possuírem excelentes propriedades mecânicas, sua difusão como elemento construtivo esbarra na dificuldade de se conceber sistemas de ligação eficientes entre os elementos estruturais. Uma vez que as ligações são o ponto frágil da estrutura, o colapso da estrutura pode ocorrer com o elemento estrutural ainda intacto. Este trabalho buscou avaliar a influência do sistema de ligação no desempenho estrutural de treliças planas executadas com três diferentes sistemas de ligação, sujeitas a condições de carregamento semelhantes. Ao comparar as resistências obtidas em ensaios de caracterização: compressão (41 MPa), tração (146 MPa) e cisalhamento (10 MPa), com as tensões solicitantes nas barras das treliças no momento do colapso, verificou-se que as propriedades mecânicas do bambu foram subutilizadas, uma vez que o colapso das estruturas ensaiadas teve início invariavelmente nas ligações.
The use of bamboo as structural element is a reality in many countries in Asia and South America, even with different building methodologies. Although some bamboo species, as Moso (Phyllostachys Pubescens) have excellent mechanical properties, its diffusion as a building element conflicts with the difficulty on conceiving efficient connection systems between structural elements. Given that joints are the weak point of the structure, collapse may occur even when the structural element is intact. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of connection systems on the structural performance of plan trusses built with three different connection systems subjected to similar load conditions. By comparing the strengths obtained on the characterization tests of compression (41 MPa), tension (146 MPa) and shear (10 MPa) to the acting stresses on the truss bars in the moment of collapse, it was noted that bamboo mechanical properties were underused, once the collapse of the tested structures always started by the connections.

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Andrade, Molina Vanessa Mishell. "Bambú en la construcción análisis de diferentes casos de estudio con sistemas constructivos en bambú". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26322.

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En la arquitectura el uso de materiales naturales ha sido implementado desde la antigüedad. Uno de los primeros materiales utilizados fue el bambú, el mismo que por sus características físicas y mecánicas ha trascendido hasta la actualidad convirtiéndose en una de las opciones más acertadas para crear arquitectura sustentable y de gran calidad. Los principales continentes que hacen uso de este material son Asia y América, en específico la zona de Latinoamérica, debido a que cuentan con las características propicias para su desarrollo y uso en la construcción. Serán destacados métodos de tratamiento, secado, unión y aplicación en obra más comunes en estos continentes, asimismo serán analizados dos casos de estudio que utilizan el bambú como elemento principal del proyecto. El primer referente es “Bamboo Sports Hall Panyaden International School” localizado en Tailandia (Asia), mientras que el referente Latinoamericano es el edificio de dormitorios de “La Ceiba” localizado en México; ABSTRACT: In architecture the use of natural materials has been implemented since ancient times. Bamboo was one of the first materials used in construction, which, due to its physical and mechanical characteristics, has transcended until nowadays, becoming one of wisest option for creating sustainable and high quality architecture. The main continents that make use of this material are Asia and America, specifically Latin America, due to their characteristics that enhance their development and use in construction. The most common treatment, drying, structural joints, and application methods on these continents will be highlighted, as well as two case studies that use bamboo as the main element of the project. The first reference is “Bamboo Sports Hall Panyaden International School” located in Thailand, while the Latin American reference is the “La Ceiba” dormitory building located in Mexico; RESUMO: Na arquitetura, utilizam-se materiais naturais desde a antiguedade. Um dos primeiros materiais a serem utilizados foi o bambú, que, devido às suas características físicas e mecânicas, transcendeu até à atualidade, tornando-se uma das opções mais bem-sucedidas na criação de uma arquitetura sustentável e de elevada qualidade. Os principais continentes que fazem uso deste material são a Ásia e a América, especificamente a zona da América Latina, pois possuem características propícias para o seu desenvolvimento e uso na construção. Nesta dissertação destacam-se os principais métodos de tratamento, secagem, união e aplicação do bambú nesses continentes, além de dois casos de estudo que usam o bambu como principal material de construção. O primer projeto que foi analizado foi o “Bamboo Sports Hall Panyaden International School” localizado na Tailândia, enquanto que o segundo projeto foi o edifício do dormitório “La Ceiba” localizado no México na Latino-américa.

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Radaik, Carlos Eduardo. "Cadeia produtiva do bambu como material construtivo e sua aplicação: estudos de caso no estado de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/102/102131/tde-31082018-150821/.

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O foco desta pesquisa é o estudo da cadeia produtiva do bambu como material construtivo, investigando atores, atividades e processos. A arquitetura do futuro necessita de novos modelos e materiais construtivos para possibilitar o desenvolvimento sustentável do planeta. A atual demanda habitacional, no Brasil e no mundo, exige do setor da construção civil maior consumo de matériasprimas e, por conseguinte, implicando na elevação da emissão de CO2 e do consumo de energia. Novos materiais que demandam uma quantidade menor de energia em sua produção e uma menor geração de resíduos estão começando a ocupar posição de destaque na cadeia produtiva da construção civil. Neste contexto, o bambu no formato roliço, entre os materiais construtivos do futuro, por suas qualidades físico-mecânicas, além das ambientais, econômicas e sociais, poderia contribuir de maneira positiva. Arquitetos e construtores, no Brasil e em outras partes do mundo, tem de forma significativa ampliado os usos do bambu, aplicando-o em residências, pavilhões, e até em grandes estruturas. Porém, ainda existe um desconhecimento bastante generalizado sobre seu uso na construção civil. Esta lacuna é ainda maior quando se procura entender a sua cadeia produtiva. A compreensão dos atores, processos e da utilização dos materiais não convencionais, como o bambu, para a concepção projetual, é fundamental para o desenvolvimento do estudante e do profissional, seja ele engenheiro ou arquiteto. O trabalho de campo, juntamente ao referencial teórico estudado, permitiu a compreensão de que a cadeia produtiva do bambu como material construtivo além de não seguir o padrão estabelecido na literatura, principalmente com relação aos atores e processos envolvidos diretamente na transformação da matéria-prima, se apresenta de forma desorganizada e frágil, com a concentração de processos em poucos atores, resultando pouca eficiência e dificultando o seu desenvolvimento.
The focus of this research is the study of the bamboo productive chain as constructive material, investigating agents, activities and its processes. The architecture of the future needs new models and constructive materials to enable the sustainable development of the planet. The actual housing demand in Brazil and in the world, require from the civil construction sector a larger consumption of raw material and therefore producing a larger emission of CO2 and energy consumption. New materials that demand a smaller amount of energy and its production and a smaller residual generator are beginning to occupy a prominent position in the productive chain of the civil construction. In this context, the bamboo in natura shape is included in the construction materials of the future, because its physical-mechanical component, also environmental, economic and social component that could contribute in a positive manner. Architects and constructors, in Brazil and in other parts of the world, have considerably increased the use of bamboo; using it in residences, warehouses and even in large structures, although there is a widespread ignorance about its use in the civil construction. This gap is even larger when one seeks to understand its productive chain. The comprehension of its agents, processes and the use of non-conventional materials, such as bamboo, for a project conception is fundamental for the student and the professional development, whether an engineer or architect. The fieldwork, along with the theoretical referential studied, allowed the comprehension of the bamboo productive chain as a constructive material, besides to not follow the established standard in the literature, mainly with the relationship between agents and its processes involved directly in the transformation of the raw material, it presents in a unorganized and frail form, with a concentration of processes within few agents, resulting in little efficiency and hindering its development.

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Caeiro, João Gabriel de Matos. "Construção em bambú". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3337.

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Tese de Mestrado em Arquitectura
Objectivos deste trabalho são questões do âmbito da ecologia e sustentabilidade para a arquitectura descomprometida face a dogmas e paradigmas, não inocentes face aos interesses e conspirações financeiras. Estudei as potencialidades e viabilidade de um material emergente _ o bambu. Numa experiência que pretendeu unir a teoria académica com a prática, o trabalho manual muitas vezes esquecido na nossa formação e de vital importância para o correcto intendimento de um material e formas de projectar mais adquadas à realidade, fora da redoma intelectual das grandes metrópoles. Com estes princípios dediquei as primeiras páginas desta dissertação ao estudo de propriedades fisícas, mecânicas, ao entendimento dos processos de tratamentos do bambu e à busca de técnicas e solucões construtivas. Numa segunda parte incido sobre uma experiência prática; demonstrando pela evidência a verdade de momentos e aprendizagens locais com comunidades de Oaxaca, na construção de protótipos e estruturas de bambu. Sendo adquirido que a população mundial cresce abruptamente, dediquei parte do estudo à capacitação para a auto-construção, pugnando por uma mais valia para minimizar o panorama de 2 biliões de pessoas sem casa nos próximos 30 anos. A colheita anual, os baixos custos de produção e os métodos e técnicas constructivas ambientais do bambu, conferem-lhe uma posição de topo na resolução de soluções, seja para a desflorestação, a construção, os equipamentos, a habitação e situações pós-calamidades. Permite-nos criar engenharias sociais que abarcam todos os estratos sociais da economia mundial. O bambu, creio, está ao dispor dos arquitectos para a técnica e para a arte.
The goal of this Project is related to questions concerning ecology and sustainability for architecture unattatched to dogmas and paradigms, not innocent towards financial interests and conspiracies. This study follows the potencials and viabilities of en emerging material - bamboo. In an experience that intends to unit both academic theory and practice, manual labour, many times forgotten during our training, is of vital importance for the correct understanding of any material and way of designing more adequately according to our reality, outside the intelectual boundary of the large metropolis. With these principles, the first pages of this essay are dedicated to the study of physical and mechanical properties as well as an understanding of the processes for the treatment of bamboo and research for technical and constructive solutions. The second part focuses on the practical experience by evidently demonstrating true moments and teaching experiences in local communities in Oaxaca, Mexico by building prototypes and bamboo structures.Knowing that the world population is growing abruptly, part of this study is devoted to training self-construction methods, striving to diminuish the current panorama of 2 billion people living without a home in the next 30 years. Yearly harvesting, low production costs and sustainable construction methods make bamboo a high priority as a solution for deflorestation, general construction, public buildings, housing and post-disaster situations. It allows us to create social engeneering that covers all social strata of the world economy. Bamboo, I believe, is available to architects both for technical and artistic reasons.

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Toussaint, Pascal. "Application et modélisation du principe de la précontrainte sur des assemblages de structure bois". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10014/document.

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Dans un assemblage précontraint, des efforts sont transmis entre les pièces par mobilisation du frottement suite à l'application d'une contrainte de compression normale. L'objectif de ce travail était de transposer ce principe de transmission des efforts au matériau bois. A partir de résultats existants, une étude expérimentale préliminaire a été menée sur des chaumes de bambou. L'intérêt de cette « graminée » par rapport au bois est sa résistance importante en compression transversale. Pour appliquer ce principe à des avivés de bois, il a été nécessaire de les densifier par compression localisée à froid au-delà de leur limite élastique. Une caractérisation de Picea abies en compression transversale au-delà de sa limite élastique a été réalisée. Cette analyse a abouti à une loi de comportement fonction de la densité de l'éprouvette. De plus, l'influence de la densification du bois sur sa résistance en traction longitudinale a été mesurée. Il s'avère que cette résistance est constante puis chute à partir d'un taux de densification critique fonction de la masse volumique du bois. La phase de mise en place de la précontrainte dans les assemblages bois et bambou testés a été modélisée par éléments finis. L'orthotropie des matériaux a été pris en compte par la superposition d'un modèle mousse (comportement non-linéaire transversal) et d'un modèle poutre (direction longitudinale) créant une structure dont la taille des éléments ne descend pas en dessous de celle des cernes. Ce modèle structural mésoscopique a permis de simuler les phases de densification, charge, décharge de l'assemblage et d'atteindre la limite à rupture, permettant d'aller jusqu'à une démarche d'optimisation
In a pre-stressed fastener, forces are transmitted between two elements by friction which is made possible by the application of transversal compression forces. The aim of this work was to apply this principle to timber fasteners. Thanks to former results, a preliminary experimental study was done on stubbles of bamboo. This “grass” has a higher transversal compression resistance than wood. In order to transpose the principle of pre-stress from bamboo to timber, it was necessary to increase the compression resistance of timber. The idea proposed here is the densification of wood by localised cold compression beyond its elastic limit. Picea abies was characterized in transversal compression beyond its elastic limit. This analysis gave stress-strain curves which depend on the density of the wood. The influence of the densification on the resistance in longitudinal tension was also measured. This resistance is constant and then it decreases rapidly from a critical densification rate function of the density of the wood. The pre-stress of the tested timber and bamboo fasteners was modelled by a finite elements model. The anisotropy of the materials was taken into account by the superposition of a crushable foam model (non linear behaviour in transversal direction) and beams (longitudinal direction). This structural mesoscopic model allowed simulating the densification, the loading and unloading of the fasteners until their failure which lead to an optimization of the connectors

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Ballesté, Joan Font. "Desempenho construtivo de estruturas de cobertura com colmos de bambu". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-21122017-103248/.

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O foco desta pesquisa é o estudo do desempenho de colmos de bambu em estruturas de cobertura. A arquitetura do século XXI precisa de novos modelos de produção e novos materiais para possibilitar o desenvolvimento sustentável do planeta. O bambu é um material renovável, com custos de produção baixo, pegada ecológica positiva e de qualidade física excelente; mas existe um desconhecimento bastante generalizado sobre o seu uso na construção civil. Esta lacuna é ainda maior quando se procura entender seu comportamento estrutural ao longo do tempo. Entre os vários requisitos para avaliar o desempenho do material, quando é o elemento portante de uma construção, destacam-se dois que são essenciais: a estabilidade e a durabilidade. Neste trabalho procura-se, em primeiro lugar, compreender o comportamento físico-mecânico do material na composição microscópica e macroscópica para delimitar sua segurança estrutural, e em segundo lugar, examinar aqueles processos que, desde o crescimento da planta até à sua utilização em obra, determinam a vida útil do material. São também analisadas as práticas construtivas e ações de projeto que condicionam transversalmente estas duas exigências de desempenho, junto com um levantamento de estudos de caso que visa criar novos critérios de design de estruturas e soluções construtivas. Esta pesquisa procura expor os pontos fortes e fracos da atual construção com bambu, para que os primeiros sejam potencializados e os segundos sejam corrigidos.
The focus of this research is the study of the performance of bamboo in coverage structures. The architecture of the 21st century needs new production models and new materials to enable the sustainable development of the planet. Bamboo is a renewable material, with low production costs, positive ecological footprint and excellent physical-mechanical properties; but there is a rather general lack of knowledge about its use in civil construction. This gap is even greater when one tries to understand its structural behaviour over time. Among the various requirements to evaluate the performance of the material, when it is the structural element in a construction, two that stand out are essential: stability and durability. In this work, the understanding of the physical and mechanical behaviour of the material in the microscopic and macroscopic composition is sought first to delimit its structural safety, and secondly, examining the processes that, since the plants\'s growth until its usage in work, determine the useful life of the material. It is also analyzed the constructive practices and project actions that condition transversally these two performance requirements, along with a survey of case studies that aim to create new criteria of structure design and building solutions. This research seeks to export the strengths and weaknesses of the current construction with bamboo, so the first may be potentialized and the latter corrected.

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Fernandes, Ana Luisa Bela. "Arquitectura e desenvolvimento social.Intervenções de contingência.Desenvolvimento de proposta de habitação no âmbito do open source house design competition". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2898.

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Tese de Mestrado em Arquitectura de Interiores
O objectivo deste estudo é o de desenvolver uma proposta de projecto de arquitectura para uma habitação que satisfaça as condições básicas humanas no âmbito do Concurso OS House – Open Source House Design Competition, segundo um pensamento sustentável. Procura-se perceber e propor uma arquitectura que possa responder de forma eficaz perante uma situação de grande carência socioeconómica e equacionar como a arquitectura poderá tornar-se uma ferramenta ágil e capaz de ajudar a resolver os problemas básicos da condição humana no domínio da habitação, de forma sustentável e com economia de recursos. Pretende-se assim, estudar como a arquitectura pode melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas quando estas são confrontadas com situações de precariedade. Procura-se avaliar as condições do local destinado a esta proposta - o Gana, e equacionar soluções de intervenção que minimizem a crise habitacional vivida neste país. O presente relatório de projecto final no contexto da arquitectura e desenvolvimento social, inicia-se com a participação no Concurso OS House – Open Source House Design Competition e incide no Caso de Estudo do Gana, partindo da análise das condições de vida da população pertencente à classe média emergente deste país no objectivo de elaborar uma proposta de habitação. Com este estudo, pretendem-se lançar contributos para um debate quanto à problemática da habitação e do respectivo projecto de arquitectura num contexto em vias de desenvolvimento. Parafraseando Cameron Sinclair, acredito que “onde os recursos e competência técnica forem escassos, o projecto inovador e sustentável pode fazer diferença na vida das pessoas” e contornar o problema social da habitação sentido em alguns países do mundo, bem como a crise habitacional que se sente actualmente no Gana.
The purpose of this study is to develop an architectural project proposal for a dwelling that meets the basic human conditions within the Contest OS House - Open Source House Design Competition, according to a sustainable concept. We seek to understand and propose an architecture that may effectively respond to a situation of high socio-economic deprivation, and consider how architecture can become a flexible tool to help solving basic problems of human condition in the field of housing, in a sustainable and resource-saving manner. Thus, the aim is to study how architecture can improve people’s quality of life whenever they confront precarious situations. We aim to assess the conditions of the site for this proposal - Ghana, considering intervention solutions that can minimize house living crisis in this country. This final Master Degree project, presenting a proposal for housing in the context of architecture and social development, begins by participating in the Contest OS House - Open Source House Design Competition, focuses on the Case Study of Ghana and is based on an analysis of living conditions of the population that belongs to the emerging middle class of the country. With this study, I intend to launch a contribution to a debate about issues of housing and its architectural design in the contingency context and economic fragility. To paraphrase Cameron Sinclair, we believe that “where resources and expertise are scarce, the innovative and sustainable design may make the difference in peoples lives”, and help to minimize the social housing problem in some countries in the world, as well as the housing crisis that actually affects Ghana.

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Ross, Sheila. "Bamboo construction as a sustainable building technology from a structural and materials engineering perspective". Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33901.

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The objective of this dissertation is to determine whether bamboo culms or stems are suitable for use as a construction material for permanent structures, from an engineering as well as a sustainability perspective. A secondary objective is to establish whether this would be a suitable building technology for South Africa. The research is desk-top in nature and involves reviewing articles in online journals and publications and collating the information into a coherent form. Eleven species of bamboo commonly used in construction worldwide are selected for investigation of their material and engineering properties. Based on the variations found in the various species of bamboo, approaches to engineering modelling and design of bamboo structures are detailed and discussed. Furthermore, four case studies are presented that illustrate the various areas where bamboo construction is currently used. Finally, research is done regarding the level of the South African bamboo industry, including whether a bamboo species currently exists in South Africa that would be suitable for construction purposes. The preliminary literature review indicated that there is a lack of scientific or structural information regarding bamboo as a building material from an engineering or materials perspective, both globally as well as in South Africa. Although a substantial amount of information was subsequently found on the various aspects of bamboo as a structural material, the information varies widely between sources, which is ascribed to variations in test methods as well as to the location of the species being tested. The design codes and standards from various countries for bamboo design and construction are briefly reviewed. For countries where there is currently no bamboo design code or standard, such as South Africa, it is recommended that the International Standard, ISO 22156, be used as a design basis, using specific material properties relevant to the local species. Many publications state that bamboo is a sustainable building material, comparing favourably with other building materials. However, quantitative proof was found to be either lacking or unclear. Different methods were used in the publications to evaluate bamboo from an environmental perspective, making it difficult to compare and evaluate the different reports and results. However, despite the different methods, it appears that bamboo can be regarded as an environmentally favourable material, provided that local species are used in construction. The four case studies presented demonstrate that bamboo culms are suitable for use in large structures, such as bridges or trusses, as well as for smaller structures such as buildings or houses. They also illustrate the issues that can occur if the design intent is not understood or correctly carried out during construction. South Africa has one bamboo species considered suitable for construction, namely Bambusa balcooa, which is grown in various parts of the country. The properties of the South African plants have not been established as yet. However, theoretical engineering and material properties as determined elsewhere in the world indicate that this is a viable construction material. Further areas of research are the establishment of the material and engineering properties of the local South African bamboo species Bambusa balcooa, as well as further research into the behaviour of bamboo in fire conditions.

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Wong, Ping Yiu. "Safety and reliability of bamboo scaffolding /". View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202002%20WONG.

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So, Yu Shing. "Scaffolding systems in Hong Kong : current practice and development of MBMSS /". access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2009. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/thesis.pl?engd-bc-b23751058f.pdf.

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Thesis (Eng.D.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2009.
"Submitted to Department of Building and Construction for the degree of Engineering Doctorate." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 185-191)

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Lee, Hong-lam, i 李劻霖. "Evolution of bamboo scaffolding for building construction in Hong Kongfrom the 1960s to the present day". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48345672.

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Hong Kong is a rare place which uses the bamboo scaffolds widely and comprehensively nowadays. Bamboo scaffolding is a living heritage that subjects to changes. Based on the external factors, bamboo scaffolding and scaffolders must correspondingly change in order to adapt and survive, from the 1960s to the present.? It is important to understand the changes that have taken place in the past, in order to understand how the heritage have become what it is in the present, and thereby be able to anticipate what changes will take place in the future.? The only way to “conserve” it is to understand the process of change, so that the heritage can make adaptation and be sustained. The change of bamboo scaffolds from the 1960s to the present time is the research topic of this dissertation.
published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation

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Pereira, Vanessa Cristina Silvestre. "Sustentabilidade da arquitetura oriental". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13673.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura, apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.
Na era de grande progresso tecnológico em que vivemos e que assume um papel importante nas nossas vidas, torna-se quase impensável regressar às formas rudimentares de construir. A Arquitectura vernacular assume-se, aos olhos dos entusiastas do progresso, como um método retrógrado de criar habitação, que nos transporta a um passado nostálgico, carregado de elementos obsoletos. No entanto, esquecemo-nos de que estes métodos vernaculares são uma forma de combater problemas ambientais catastróficos que assolam o planeta, bem como de solucionar a actual crise habitacional e de carência económica; trata-se da forma mais simples de satisfazer as necessidades habitacionais mais básicas. Assim, tomemos como ponto de partida o bambú como material emergente e em abundância na China, onde já possui um grande passado histórico, para desenvolver o presente estudo. Apesar de ser um material quase esquecido, devido ao fraco desenvolvimento da tecnologia a ele associado, possui um carácter bastante ecológico, resistente e versátil, tratando-se da planta de mais rápido crescimento no planeta. Desde que há registo que tem sido aplicado nas mais diversas construções, com uma vasta aplicabilidade, do pavimento à estrutura. Com esta investigação procura-se, portanto, fazer uma aproximação entre Oriente e Ocidente, através do estudo de um material ecológico e de grande poder estético, capaz de se proliferar em ambientes diversos, já que cada vez mais procuramos alternativas e métodos de construção sustentáveis, com base em materiais que a Natureza nos disponibiliza, de forma a minimizar o impacto ambiental. Numa última parte, ao percebermos como o bambú é aplicado e de que forma pode ser melhorado para corresponder às exigências do contexto Europeu, mais concretamente de Portugal, o material recolhido culminará no desenvolvimento de um protótipo habitacional sustentável, que parte do bambú enquanto material base para a sua estruturação. Será interessante contornar as fraquezas do bambú face às características do clima mediterrânico de Portugal Continental, mediante a sua conjugação com outro material igualmente sustentável: a terra crua
ABSTRACT: In an era of great technological progress, which we live and plays an important role in our lives, it is almost unthinkable to return to the rudimentary forms of building. The vernacular architecture is assumed, in the eyes of progress enthusiasts, as a retrograde method of creating shelter, which leads us to a nostalgic past, loaded with obsolete elements. However, we forget that these vernacular methods are a way to fight catastrophic environmental problems facing the planet, and to solve the current housing crisis and economic hardship; it is the simplest way to meet the most basic housing needs. So, let us take bamboo as an emerging and abundant material in China as a starting point, where it already has a great historical past, to develop this study. Despite being an almost forgotten material, due to the weak development of the technology associated with it, it has a very eco-friendly, durable and versatile character, as it is the fastest growing plant on the planet. Since it is known, bamboo has been applied in several buildings, with a wide applicability, from the pavement till the structure. This investigation seeks to make a rapprochement between East and West, through the study of a material with an ecological and great aesthetic power, able to proliferate in many environments, as we increasingly seek for alternative and sustainable construction methods, based on materials available in nature, to minimize environmental impact. In a last part, when we realize how bamboo is used and how it can be improved to match the European context requirements, specifically in Portugal, the collected data will culminate in the development of a sustainable housing prototype, that takes bamboo as the material base for structuring. It will be interesting to contour the bamboo weaknesses, due to the characteristics of our Mediterranean climate of Continental Portugal, through the conjugation of it with an equally sustainable material: raw land.
N/A

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Charmont, Fatma. "Contribution à l’étude des composites a base de liants pouzzolaniques et de bambou". Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0066.

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Cette étude contribue à l'élaboration de matériaux de construction valorisant d'une part, des matières premières abondantes dans les pays en développement qui sont les latérites et d'autre part un végétal abondant généralement dans les mêmes régions qui est le bambou. Les liants composés de 50 % de ciment Portland artificiel et de 50 % de latérite calcinée présentent des résistances en traction suffisamment importantes, grâce au rôle de la géhléni te hydratée, et des résistances en compression tout à fait acceptables pour être utilisées avec le bambou comme armature. Ce végétal est également moins attaqué sur le plan chimique dans le liant composé que dans le ciment Portland artificiel. La mise au point d'une méthode de calcul fondée sur les états limites d'utilisation, permet le dimensionnement d'éléments de structures dans le cas d'une sollicitation de flexion, et fixe leur limite d'utilisation. L'emploi de tels éléments laisse entrevoir des perspectives intéressantes dans le domaine de l'habitat traditionnel dans les pays en développement
Thi s research contributes to the elaboration of materials of construction whose purpose is to valorize in one side, abundant raw materials in developing countries, the "laterite" and in other side, an abundant vegetable in the same regions, the "bamboo". The binders composed with 50 % of artificial Portland cement and 50 % of burnt laterite present sufficiently important tensile strengths, due to the hydrated gehlenite, and acceptable compressive strengths to be used with the bamboo as reinforcement. Also, from the chemical point, this vegetable is less affected in the mixed binder than in the artificial Portland cement. The adjusting of a calculation method based on the limit-state of use allow to size structural elements in bending and indicate the limit of their use. The employment of such elements allow to foresee interesting perspectives in the traditional building of developing countries

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RABIN, ARISIO. "COLOR: NATURE AND ARTIFICIALITY ON BAMBOO – PRINCIPLES AND CONSTRUCTIVE PRACTICES". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25673@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
No contexto das pesquisas que se desenvolvem no LILD, DAD, PUC-Rio, sobre o encapsulamento de colmos de bambu, este trabalho explora uma nova modalidade de proteção do material, que se desdobra em benefício estético. Em síntese, propõe-se aqui a pintura ou impregnação de pigmentos e corantes sobre superfícies de colmos de bambu com resinas transparentes e translúcidas. A proposição que origina esta tese deriva da premissa de que a geometria do bambu extraído é a característica mais relevante de sua forma, e não a cor natural, que perde seu viço após a extração do solo. Nesse sentido, desde os primeiros experimentos com pintura, percebemos que a cor artificial poderia substituir a cor natural, realçando a curvatura da fibras longitudinais e outros aspectos da geometria única do bambu, dando origem, em verdade, a uma outra dimensão possível do material, na qual a perda da naturalidade crômica seria compensada por ganhos em representação geométrica – para além dos benefícios em relação à proteção do material e em coerência com a integração forma/função que marca a essência do design. Considerando a cor, nessa e noutras funções, a pesquisa compreende quatro produções inter-relacionadas no tempo: a) Experimentos iniciais de pintura, impregnação de cores e encapsulamento; b) Manejo de algumas espécies de bambu, pintura e encapsulamento de bambus abertos e construção de objetos tensegrity para testes de resistência às tensões e à ação do tempo; c) Produção dos objetos demonstrativos das aplicações de uso; d) Instalações. Constituindo-se na espinha dorsal do trabalho, as quatro produções são expostas em linha de tempo no capítulo 3, demonstrando desencobrimentos e técnicas aplicadas. Os capítulos precedentes de introdução e contextualização abordam aspectos relacionados a esse eixo principal, com foco na cor como função na natureza, no design e na arquitetura.
In the scope of the researches developed at LILD, DAD, PUC-Rio about the encapsulating of bamboo stems, this work explores a new way to protect this material, which also creates esthetic benefits. We propose the painting or impregnation of pigments and dyes on surfaces of bamboo stems with transparent and translucent resins. This thesis proposition is that the most relevant characteristic of the shape of the extracted bamboo is its geometry, rather than its natural color, which loses its freshness after the extraction. Since our first painting experiments, we realized that artificial color could replace the natural one, highlighting the longitudinal fiber s curves and other aspects of the unique geometry of the bamboo, originating a new possible dimension of the material, where the loss of natural color would be compensated by gains in geometric representation – in addition to benefits regarding material protection and in keeping with the integration of form and function that is the essence of design. Regarding color, in this and other functions, the research comprehends four interrelated productions: a) initial experiments of painting, color impregnation and encapsulating; b) handling of some bamboo species, painting and encapsulating open bamboos and construction of tensegrity objects used in stress tests for tension and the effects of time; c) production of objects to demonstrate possible uses; d) installations. Being the backbone of this work, these four productions are displayed on the timeline in Chapter 3, showing the uncovering and the techniques applied. The preceding chapters (Introduction and Contextualization) approach aspects related to this main axis, with a focus on color as a function in nature, as well as in design and architecture.

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ALVARES, LUCIANO ROSA ALONSO. "CATENARY DOME OF FIBER SOIL STRUCTURED WITH BAMBOO - CONCEPTION AND CONSTRUCTIVE PROCESS". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=13114@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
O atual modelo de desenvolvimento das cidades, juntamente com o consumo desenfreado dos recursos não renováveis, mostrou-se inviável do ponto de vista da sustentabilidade, fato este que tem gerado preocupação em diversos setores da sociedade. No cenário mundial, principalmente no setor da construção civil, vem crescendo a demanda pelo uso de novos materiais e técnicas que não sejam agressivos ao meio ambiente. O meio acadêmico, como ambiente de pesquisa é um dos locais para a geração desses novos materiais e técnicas que possam suprir as demandas visando o desenvolvimento sustentável. Nesse contexto, o LILD (Laboratório de Investigação em Living Design) vem estudando nos últimos 20 anos tecnologias limpas de baixo impacto ambiental, atendendo a demandas reais na construção de objetos de design e arquitetura. No momento o LILD trabalha, entre outras atividades, com materiais compósitos de terra crua e fibras naturais. Este trabalho apresenta o resultado do processo de desenvolvimento no LILD de um objeto feito com estes compósitos, denominado CÚPULA CATENÁRIA, com a aplicação da metodologia projetual utilizada no LILD. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos a partir de modelos processuais que determinaram os parâmetros e apontaram as diretrizes a serem seguidas no projeto, visando sempre a aplicação e construção de um modelo em escala real, que por sua vez incorpora diversos saberes de diferentes áreas de conhecimento.
The current model of cities development, considering the wild consumption of not renewable resources, has shown impracticable due the sustainability point of view. Fact which is really concerned a lot of preoccupation in many sectors of human society. In the world-wide scenery, mainly at civil construction sector, it is growing a big demand for the use of new and alternative materials and techniques that may not harm the world environment. Due this situation, in the academic field that is considered an excellent research environment, it is the right place to new materials and techniques born in order to supply the demands considering the sustainable development. In this context, the LILD (Research Living Design Laboratory) has been studying last 20 years the applications of clean and low environmental impact technologies, answering the demands of building the design and architecture of real objects. This work presents the result of the developing process of an object named CATENARY DOME, applying the project methodology of LILD. The experiments have been developed of processual models that determined the parameters and point directives to be followed in the project, having in mind always the application and construction of an object in real scale, that incorporate many different knowledge areas.

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Gonzalez, Cesar O. "The use of bamboo in architecture : case study : Old Caldas, Colombia". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0029/MQ64113.pdf.

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Eriksson, Samuel, i Erik Rudqvist. "Double-decker beam of beam of bamboo - An alternative to I-section beams in construction of multistory housing". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278903.

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I en värld i ständig utveckling, med en befolkningsökning och en urbanisering större än någonsin, ställs stora krav på nya bostäder. Dessa bör ha ett lågt klimatavtryck och ska kunna vara bostad åt många människor. Även att hålla städerna kompakta är viktigt för att kunna tillhandahålla med allmänna tjänster såsom kollektivtrafik, sophämtning, avlopp, vatten etc. Detta löses ofta genom att bygga de nya husen på höjden. Ett alternativ till att minska klimatavtrycket är att bygga dessa hus i det snabbt växande materialet bambu. Avsikten är att dessa hus byggs i moduler av balkar, pelare etc. Denna rapport behandlar den balk, eller den dubbeldäckarbalk, som skulle användas i en sådan konstruktion. I rapporten finns beskrivet hur dubbeldäckarbalken ska konstrueras för att uppnå optimala egenskaper med avseende på spänning och deformation. Dubbeldäckarbalken är konstruerad med två parallella bambustjälkar som sammanfogas med hjälp av ett antal invändigt armerade stöd gjorda av betong. Dubbeldäckarbalken optimeras utifrån antal stöd, avstånd mellan stöden, vinkel på stöden och avstånd mellan stjälkarna. Dessa valueras med hjälp av beräkningar och förenkligar gjorda i Matlab, och valideras sedan med hjälp av verktyget ANSYS Mechanical. Den slutgiltiga verionen av en 4 meter lång dubbeldäckarbalk har fem stycken stöd, där två av dessa placeras vid ytterkant, två placeras 0.84 meter från ytterkant och det sista placeras i mitten. De fyra yttre stöden är vinklade 45° mot mitten jämfört med bambustjälkarnas riktning. Det slutgiltiga avståndet mellan bambustjälkarnas centrum är 30 centimeter, vilket ger en total höjd av 40 centimeter.
In a world in constant development, with an increase in population and an urbanisation greater than ever, huge requirements are put on the housing industry. A need for small impact on the environment, to be able to house multiple families in one building, and also keeping the cities compact to be able to supply basic public services in an efficient manner. This is often solved by building higher and higher. An alternative solution to make these higher buildings more environmentally friendly and cheaper would be to use a material vastly available, bamboo. This report deals with the double-decker beam, the brain child of Saevfors Consulting, that would be used in such a construction. It is described how this double-decker beam would be constructed in order to be optimized in regards to deformation and stresses. The double-decker beam consists of two bamboo culms interconnected by reinforced concrete struts. It is optimized in regards to four main design parameters. Namely, the number of struts, the strut placement, the angle of the struts and the distance between the two bamboo culms. These were evaluated with the help of simplified calculations made in Matlab, which were in turn verified by more complex simulations in ANSYS Mechanical. The final version of the 4 m long double-decker beam had a total of five struts. The outermost strut being placed at the origin of the culm, and the second strut placed at a distance of 0,84 m from the origin, both being reclined 45°. These are then mirrored in the vertical central strut, and so the double-decker beam takes on a symmetrical appearance.

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Blackburn, Dany. "Le développement d'un système constructif de plancher préfabriqué pour l'habitat urbain de Hanoi". Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23933/23933.pdf.

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Ce mémoire explore les différents processus qui sous-tendent la formalisation d’un système constructif de plancher adapté à l’habitat urbain de Hanoi. Plus spécifiquement sur la préfabrication d’un système constructif de plancher complémentaire en béton armé de bambou et en béton léger. Une partie de ce travail a été réalisé conjointement avec M. Jonathan Boucher (Boucher, 2006) qui s’est intéressé davantage à un élément du système de plancher soit, la poutre armée de bambou. La première partie de ce travail survole quelques grands thèmes actuels concernant les pays en voie de développement et, plus spécifiquement, met en relief des notions sur l’habitation à faible coût, sur les systèmes constructifs en béton et sur le marché de la construction relevé au Vietnam. La deuxième partie du travail recense la littérature et les diverses publications récentes sur les systèmes constructifs en béton et sur la technologie des bétons légers. La dernière partie du travail expose les différents processus de formalisation du système constructif développé en présentant l’évolution de la conception, de la réalisation et de la mise à l’épreuve du prototype de système de plancher en béton réalisé à grandeur réelle en laboratoire.

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Bentcheva, Yuliya D. "Modernizing the passing joint : a standardized building system to facilitate contemporary bamboo housing construction in regions of economic constraint". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/71282.

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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, February 2012.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
"02-2012." Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 85).
The thesis was inspired by the excellent mechanical properties of bamboo and its positive environmental effects. Despite its abundance and great qualities, the material has not been incorporated into the history of standard light frame wood construction and is therefore not used to its full potential, especially in regions of economic constraint in greatest need of housing structures. Can we design a light-frame construction system that allows for the non-standard nature of bamboo members and is inspired by the unique properties of the material? Can we reveal its contemporary uses and therefore allow for its cultural acceptance? The research investigates how a grid of members behaves as a system - incorporating imperfections and variations of individual elements. Along with the structural exploration, the work addresses the cultural misconception of bamboo as the "poor man's lumber" The exercises are aimed towards creating a housing unit that incorporates available materials into contemporary design elements.
by Yuliya D. Bentcheva.
M.Arch.

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Franco, Renata Meffe. "As camadas da cortina de bambu: reflexão sobre o processo de criação de um documentário". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2359.

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Esta dissertação apresenta uma reflexão sobre o processo de criação cinematográfico do filme ¨Cortina de bambu passada a limpo¨ (título provisório), projeto de documentário que visa abordar as elaborações e reelaborações de memórias de ex-internos da Colônia Padre Damião, instituição destinada ao tratamento de hanseníase, em Ubá, Minas Gerais. O título faz alusão ao bambuzal que isolava a Colônia do resto do mundo e que não podia ser transposto pelos internos. Nesta reflexão, nos centramos principalmente em aspectos relacionados à construção de identidades e nas potencialidades - e limites - do audiovisual como espaço da memória em ação.
This dissertation presents a reflection on the process of the cinematographic creation of the film "Bamboo wall revisited" (working title), a documentary project that seeks to address the memories and their reworkings of former inmates of Colony Padre Damião, institution that focused on the treatment of Hansen's disease ('leprosy') in Ubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The title alludes to the bamboo grove that isolated the colony from the rest of the world and could not be transposed by the inmates. In this reflection, we focus primarily on issues related to the construction of identities, and on the potential - and the limitations - of the audiovisual as a space for memory in action.

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Nlend, Berthe prudence. "Dynamiques paysannes, construction sociale du genre et gestion des ressources agricoles en pays Bamoun (Ouest-Cameroun)". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30018.

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Les dynamiques socio-économiques déterminent les rapports de genre et l’accès aux ressources productives. L’essor des cultures vivrières et maraîchères a forgé un nouveau contexte agricole que nous voulons examiner dans ce travail. Il s’est produit une transformation de l’identité des acteurs impliqués, de l’usage de l’espace, des relations de genre et du rapport aux ressources. Cette recherche voudrait identifier les principales dynamiques qui ont accompagné cette transition agricole, montrer que la reconversion agraire ne s’est pas produite de la même manière pour les femmes et les hommes et débusquer les spécificités de leurs nouvelles activités économiques. Le développement des activités féminines et l’évolution des asymétries de genre, l’égalité de statuts et des droits entre les sexes n’aboutissent pas à l’égalité des pouvoirs entre les femmes et les hommes et à un accès équitable aux ressources productives puisque plusieurs facettes de la socioculture Bamoun (spécialisation des cultures, division du travail etc.) entretiennent une hiérarchisation en faveur des hommes et renforcent la supériorité de leurs statuts, de leurs fonctions et de leurs activités
The socio-economic dynamics determine gender relations and the allocation of productive resources. In this area, the development of foodstuff and vegetable cultivation has forged a new agricultural context that we want to study in this work. There was a transformation of actors involved, of the spatial changes, of gender relations and the access to resources. This research is to identify the significant dynamics that accompanied this agricultural transition, to show that agricultural reconversion does not occur in the same way for women and men and to review the specificities of their new economic activities. The development of gender asymmetries, of the women activities, equal status and rights between the sexes do not lead to equality of power between men and women and equitable access to productive resources since many aspects of Bamun culture (crop specialization, division of labor) maintains a hierarchy in favor of men and reinforce the superiority of their status, their functions and activities

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Lozano, Peña Jorge Enrique. "Determinación de los esfuerzos últimos de la Guadua Angustifolia en la región andina de Colombia correlacionada con variables de clima". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/165379.

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[ES] En el año 2010, el Reglamento colombiano de construcción sismoresistente (NSR-10) estableció el procedimiento de diseño basado en el método de los esfuerzos admisibles para utilizar la Guadua angustifolia Kunth como material de construcción. En la región Andina de Colombia hay gran presencia de bosques naturales de Guadua. Sin embargo, las condiciones geográficas y ambientales (temperatura, pluviosidad, altura sobre el nivel del mar, etc.) dificultan el aprovechamiento de este material para la construcción. Más aún, su localización se encuentra principalmente en lugares de difícil acceso, generando, además de una gran dispersión en sus propiedades físico mecánicas, grandes costes económicos asociados a la caracterización mecánica del material para su uso en aplicaciones estructurales. Por ello, nace la necesidad de plantear un sistema simplificado que permita estimar las propiedades mecánicas de la Guadua, que se pueda ejecutar en cualquier lugar remoto y que también reduzca los costes asociados al transporte de muestras y pruebas de laboratorio. Esta tesis doctoral propone una metodología que permite determinar las características mecánicas de la Guadua angustifolia que crece en la región Andina de Colombia. Se ha llevado a cabo una amplia campaña experimental donde se realizaron 2917 ensayos de laboratorio que tuvieron en cuenta variables como la procedencia, la temperatura y la pluviosidad, así como el diámetro y espesor de pared del tallo. Con ayuda de análisis estadísticos que permitieron eliminar los datos atípicos obtenidos de los ensayos, se han evaluado las propiedades mecánicas de la Guadua: resistencia a tracción, compresión, corte y flexión. Dichas variables se han correlacionado mediante modelos estadísticos para así determinar su relación con los esfuerzos mecánicos resultantes de la campaña experimental. Estos modelos estadísticos, basados y calibrados con multitud de datos experimentales, han perseguido la predicción de los valores de esfuerzo últimos del material antes de su extracción en el bosque y directamente desde un trabajo sencillo de campo. Los resultados y conclusiones alcanzadas en esta tesis doctoral serán de gran utilidad para científicos, arquitectos, ingenieros y constructores en general, ya que permitirán estimar propiedades de la Guadua de una manera económica, precisa y rápida.
[CA] L'any 2010 el reglament Colombià de construcció sismeresistent (*NSR-10) estableix el procediment de disseny basat en el mètode dels esforços admissibles, per a utilitzar la Guadua angustifolia Kunth com a material de construcció. A la regió Andina de Colòmbia hi ha gran presència de boscos naturals de guadua. Però les condicions geogràfiques i ambientals (ex. temperatura, pluviositat, altura sobre el nivell de la mar, etc.) dificulten el seu aprofitament com a material constructiu. Més encara, la seua localització està principalment en llocs de difícil accés no sols generant una gran dispersió en les seues propietats físic mecàniques, sinó també els costos associats per a identificar la seua resistència per a aplicacions estructurals. Com a conseqüència directa, naix la necessitat de plantejar un sistema simplificat que permeta estimar aquestes propietats que no sols es puga executar en el lloc concret de la plantació, sinó que també reduïsca els costos de transport i proves de laboratori. Aquesta tesi doctoral proposa una solució que permet determinar les característiques mecàniques de la Guadua angustifolia Kunth que creix a la regió andina de Colòmbia. Per a això, en primer lloc, es van realitzar 2917 assajos de laboratori relacionant variables com l'origen d'extracció, la temperatura i pluviositat, i el diàmetre i grossària de paret de la tija. Amb aquests assajos, i amb ajuda de l'estadística per eliminar dades atípiques, es caracteritzaren les propietats mecàniques de la guadua com la seua resistència a la tracció, compressió, tallant i moment. Posteriorment, amb tots aquests resultats, es va modelar estadísticament les relacions entre les variables considerades i els esforços mecànics. El propòsit d'aquests models ha sigut el de predir valors d'esforços últims d'aquest material en camp abans de l'extracció i de la realització de qualsevol assaig mecànic. Aquests models són de gran importància perquè científics, arquitectes, enginyers i constructors en general, puguen estimar propietats de la guadua d'una manera econòmica, precisa i ràpida.
[EN] During 2010, Colombian seismic-resistant regulation for construction (NSR-10) established the design procedure using the admissible load method to use Guadua Angustifolia Kunth as a construction material. At the Colombian Andean region, there are a large number of Guadua forests. However, the geographical and environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, rainfall, height above sea level, etc.) limits its exploitation as a construction material. Moreover, these forests are mainly found at remote locations with difficult access, not only making its physical and mechanical properties greatly scattered but also increasing the costs related to identifying its strength for structural applications. As a direct consequence, the necessity of a simplified system that ease the estimation of these properties emerges, not only to foster on-field testing but also to reduce transport and laboratory testing costs. This doctoral thesis proposes one solution to determine the mechanical properties of the Guadua Angustifolia Kunth that grows at Colombian Andean region. For this, 2917 laboratory tests were done to relate variables such as the origin, temperature and rainfall, and the stem diameter and thickness. From this first part of the study, mechanical strength properties of the guadua such as tension, compression, shear and bending were determined with the help of statistical filters to eliminate the abnormal data from tests. Then, all this data was used to statistically model the relationship within the variables and the mechanical strength. The goal of these models is to predict mechanical ultimate strength at the field without doing physical extraction or mechanical tests. These models will enable scientists, architects and, in general, anyone in the construction sector to easily estimate the guadua's mechanical properties in a cheaper, accurate and efficient manner.
Lozano Peña, JE. (2021). Determinación de los esfuerzos últimos de la Guadua Angustifolia en la región andina de Colombia correlacionada con variables de clima [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/165379
TESIS

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25

CAMPOS, DANIEL MALAGUTI. "APPLICATION AND TEACHING OF APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE COLLECTIVE CONSTRUCTION OF ROOF STRUCTURES MADE OF TIED BAMBOOS AND RAW EARTH". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=23904@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
O presente trabalho, desdobramento da pesquisa desenvolvida entre 2007 e 2009, relatada na dissertação de mestrado intitulada Design de estruturas reticuladas de bambu geradas a partir de superfícies mínimas, tem como objetivo principal a aplicação de alguns dos modelos de estruturas de cobertura desenvolvidos pelo LILD (Laboratório de Investigação em Livre Desenho), em escala e contexto real para uso comunitário. Isso ocorre através do ensino de técnicas simples e de baixo impacto ambiental, em processos de construção coletiva utilizando materiais e mão de obra locais. Por meio da elaboração de desenhos, modelos físicos reduzidos e da prática construtiva coletiva em si, obtém-se uma dinâmica de troca de saberes entre mestres e aprendizes, onde o conhecimento flui de maneira multidirecional, se retroalimenta. O aprendizado obtido fica evidente em dois momentos: no desenvolvimento das estruturas em laboratório, pois ampliam o repertório de unidades estruturais do LILD, e na construção das mesmas fora dos muros da universidade, pois trazem resultados reais tanto sobre os saberes trocados entre os envolvidos quanto à ação do meio físico e social sobre o experimento.
The present work, unfolding of the research developed between 2007 and 2009, reported in the master dissertation entitled Design of bamboo frame structures generated from minimal surfaces, has as main objective the implementation of models of roof structures developed by LILD (Laboratory Research in Free Design) on a scale and real context for community use. It happens by teaching simple and low environmental impact techniques in processes of collective construction using local materials and labor. Through the development of drawings, reduced physical models and collective constructive practice itself, we can get a dynamic exchange of knowledge between teachers and learners in which knowledge flows multidirectional way, feeds itself. The knowledge gained is evident in two phases: in the development of structures in the laboratory, it expands the repertoire of structural units of the LILD, and building them outside the walls of the university, because they bring real results both on the knowledge exchanged between those involved as the action of the physical and social environment on them.

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26

"In search of a specific bamboo architecture". 2005. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892303.

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Cheung Yu Leo.
"Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2004-2005, design report."
Chapter 1. --- Local Case Studies
Chapter 2. --- Academic Research
Chapter 3. --- Structural Studies - Bamboo Pole
Chapter 4. --- Structural Studies - Split Bamboo
Chapter 5. --- Design Implication

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27

Su, Dong Yue. "Chinese Bamboo and the Construction of Moral High Ground by Song Literati". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42926.

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This thesis investigates the bamboo aesthetic in Chinese literature and its relations to the self-fashioning of moral high ground, with particular focus on literary works produced by Song literati. The study deconstructs the bamboo aesthetic into two parts, the literary bamboo and the literati self, and explores the internal dynamic relations between them.

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28

王榆宣. "Chair Construction with Bamboo-wood Joint". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75733510865771480776.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
木材科學與設計系所
99
In order to preserve the traditional bamboo column furniture to be looked like hollow type special feature of the source bamboo, assisted to joint with easy-shaped solid wood, to promote the handicraft techniques of structure stability which joint with bamboo, and even diversify the shaping creativity of the bamboo furniture design, this study firstly inducts with the method of morphological analysis, and synthesizes with the possible joint forms of the connection of hard to use tenon joint of bamboo column and solid wood. And then the author proceeds a testing study of its possible jointing forms, using orthogonal array of Taguchi’s Experiment. Take Makino bamboo and the three kinds of wood, Lauan, Red Machilus, and Western Red Cedar, which are of different specific gravity, for material, supported with jointing condition of bamboo pin-dowel and epoxy adhesive, and explore the best jointing function tensile withdrawal resistance and seat chair furniture, and continue to take this best jointing form to carry out a fatigue testing as an evaluation of this bamboo column combined with wood. Following are the conclusions through careful analysis and further discussion of this study: 1.For those jointing structures which hollow bamboo columns connect with wood, it’s best to embed the bamboo column and insert to joint with wood. 2.In the jointing process of bamboo embedding with wood, it’s better to use epoxy adhesive which contains high density of fitting element, it’s less influenced by bamboos with-node or without-node embedding with wood, and bamboo-pins to force fasten the joints. 3.In the jointing process of bamboo embedding with wood, the specific gravity of wood material should not be lower than 0.5, or the wood would be stressed and cracked and lower its adhesive function. 4.In the jointing process of bamboo embedding with wood, though the deeper, the better is the embedding, yet there is a limit of drilling depth of the hole; the depth is better with 1.5 time of the diameter of the bamboo column, or it might crack vertically and lower its adhesive function. 5.Under the fatigue testing of the chair arm, using the best construction with bamboo-wood joint, and it is testified that the verticality of the chair arm and the horizontality of the chair back is matched, it is supposed to say that the adhesive function of the chair arm is sufficiently confirmed.

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29

Lin, Ming-Kuem, i 林民昆. "Construction of Bamboo Mosaic Virus-Based Viral Vector". Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88865919284249095781.

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碩士
國立中興大學
農業生物科技學研究所
84
Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) is a flexuous rod-shaped plant virus with a positive-sense RNA, about 6366 nucleotides in length (excluding the ploy(A)tail). The BaMV satellite RNA (SatBaMV RNA) is 836 nucleotides long (excluding ploy(A) tail). SatBaMV RNA has no sequence homology with genomic RNA, but BaMV genomic RNA is needed for the replication of the SatBaMV RNA. Previous studies showed that virion RNA directed the synthesis of one major 160 kD polypeptide but failed to synthesize the viral capsid protein in in vitro rabbit reticulocyte lysate system. Two major subgenomic RNAs with a length of 2.0 and 1.0 kb have been detected in infected barley protoplasts 24 h after inoculation. In this experiment, additional subgenomic RNAs were detected, providing evidence for the expression strategy of the genes in the triple gene block. Attempt to develop a viral vector based on BaMV for expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene of the jellyfish Aequorea victoria in plants was tested by two construction strategies. One is insertion strategy: the duplicated promoterfor the coat protein mRNA was first inserted between ORF 4 and 5 and the GFP gene was added into the viral genomic RNA behind the duplicated promoter. The other is replacement strategy: 20 kD protein gene of the satellite RNA was replaced by the GFP gene including wild type GFP (major excited wavelength is 395 nm) and variant GFP (excited wavelength is 489 nm). Hybrid virus genome can replicate in Nicotiana benthamiana protoplasts as evidenced by northern blot hybridization and western blot immunoassay. The data for satellite construct showed that the recombinant satellite could replicate in the inoculated leaves of either Chenopodium quinoa or N. benthamiana in the presence of BaMV genomic RNA. owever, none of the recombinant constructs emited green light excition with either 395 nm (wild type) or 489 nm (variant) ultraviolet light in plants.

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Swetnam, Heather. "Rethinking the Response to Disaster Relief Housing". 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15335.

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This thesis examines disaster-relief-housing and identifies some of the challenges faced by the traditional housing response. Focusing on relief efforts as a second responder, an alternative process for housing displaced populations is proposed and demonstrated through a specific proposal for disaster-relief-housing for the town of San Vicente, El Salvador. Working within the discipline of architecture, the proposed project will provide beneficiaries with an increased ability to cope in the face of disaster. It does so by design and implementation of self-build housing that transitions from a temporary to a permanent state/location, by using bamboo as a primary construction material, and by providing an adaptable solution that is environmentally and culturally responsive. The building of a community laundry facility by the affected population facilitates this process by serving both as a teaching and as an inspirational building for the use of bamboo in quality construction.

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31

YANG, CHUNG-HSIEN, i 楊忠憲. "Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Bamboo and Constructing the Assembly Procedure for Bamboo Bicycle Frame". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10642076496384829966.

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碩士
明志科技大學
機械工程系機械與機電工程碩士班
105
Biking has become one of popular leisure activities in Taiwan. For the purposes of leisure activities, the bicycle frames may be made by steel, aluminum alloy and carbon fiber to meet the desired toughness and strength during biking. Each material frame consumes energy and thus produces pollution in the manufacturing process. An eco-friendly approach to manufacture the bicycle frame by the nature materials is therefore enhanced in Africa. Not only the energy consumption in bicycle frame manufacturing process by nature materials has been decreased, but also the employment rate is increased in the least developed countries. Bamboo, one of the nature materials, gives strength and toughness to meet well for the bicycle frame. This study investigates the mechanical properties of bamboo materials, sisal rope, epoxy resin and the bonding strength of the previous materials. By these derived strengths the bamboo frames of the bicycle have been assembled to construct the assembly procedure. This study deals the testing of mechanical properties of bamboo, sisal rope and epoxy and builds the standard operational procedure during the assembling of bamboo frame. The results of this study reveal that the axial elastic modulus of bamboo is 17 GPa and the tensile strength of sisal rope is 35MPa. The elastic modulus of epoxy, which is cured in ambient temperature, is 1.6 GPa and the ultimate strength is 20.3MPa. The elastic modulus of epoxy and tensile strength of the epoxy when the epoxy is heated to cure at 50 degree Celsius are increased to 112.5% and 176%, respectively. The epoxy reinforced by the sisal rope may increase the elastic modulus to 175% in ambient temperature. An assembly procedure is well established for the technological development including bamboo tubes preparation, geometrical size, bonding details, reinforced strengthening of sisal rope, surface treatment of the bamboo and the parameters of operations. The constructed assembly procedure meets the goal of technological research of technological university in Taiwan.

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32

Chiu, Wen-Bin, i 邱文彬. "Construction of green bamboo leleba oldhami genomiclibrary and cloning of sucrose synthase gene". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23713898638184188923.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
農業化學研究所
89
Sucrose synthase catalyzes a reaction of sucrose and UDP to form fructose and UDPG, the latter being a precursor of complex saccharide biosynthesis. The objective of this thesis is to clone and characterize the gene encoding sucrose synthase in green bamboo Leleba oldhami. Genomic library was constructed using l FIX II vector and screened for sucrose synthase by using the RT-PCR product, which contain the conserved sequence of plant sucrose synthase, as a probe. There were 25 positive clones screened from 1.2 x 106 recombinant clones. Eight clones were selected randomly and analyzed by restriction enzymes and Southern hybridization. The No.6 clone with the highest hybridization signal was selected for further analysis. The 13 kb insert of No.6 clone, named I6, was digested by NotI and EcoRI into two fragments. They were individually subcloned into plasmid pBluescript II SK and were subjected to sequencing. By comparing the sequence of I6 with those of BSus cDNAs, we found that I6 contained a Sus sequence with highest identity to BSus1b cDNA. There were fifteen exons and fourteen introns in this 7.6 kb BSus1b gene, which was highly homologuos to the RSus1 gene. Furthermore, five TATA boxes and two sucrose response elements sequence were found in the upstream region of the BSus1b gene.

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33

Liao, Jia-Teh, i 廖家德. "Genetic analyses of bamboo mosaic potexvirus (BaMV) symptom determinant and construction of BaMV Vector". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80524813208497500857.

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博士
國立中興大學
農業生物科技學研究所
88
We have constructed the full-length infectious cDNA clone of bamboo mosaic potexvirus (BaMV) and studied the potential use of BaMV as a gene expression vector in plants. BaMV has a 6.4-kb single stranded positive-sense RNA genome with five conserved open reading frames. In contrast to previously described BaMV strain O (BaMV-O) which causes symptomless infection on Nicotiana benthamiana and small necrotic local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa, a mutant derived from BaMV-O, denoted as BaMV strain S (BaMV-S), causes severe yellow mosaic symptom on N. benthamiana and necrotic local lesions on C. quinoa. The full-length infectious cDNA clones of BaMV-S were constructed downstream of the T7 RNA polymerase promoter by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Two cDNA clones were sequenced and compared. The specific infectivity of capped BS 2-8 transcripts produced in vitro was similar to viral RNA in N. benthamiana and C. quinoa. The sequence comparison between BaMV-O and BaMV-S (BS 2-8) revealed 94 nucleotide changes evenly distributed in the RNA genome that resulted in 24 mutated amino acids. The sequence identities of BS 2-8 cDNA were 98.46% and 89.51% when compared with BaMV-O and BaMV-V, respectively. BS 2-19 transcripts, another BaMV-S cDNA clone, showed smaller necrotic local lesions on C. quinoa and did not infect N. benthamiana systemically which were distinct to authentic virus. There were twenty and eight amino acids changes found in BS 2-19 when compared with BaMV-O and BS 2-8 respectively. To evaluate the infectivity differences between BaMV-S (BS 2-8) and BaMV-O, a series of clones with different poly(A) tail length were constructed and examined on C. quinoa. The infectivity was found to reflect poly(A) tail length in both BaMV-S and BaMV-O genomes. These results suggest that the infectivity differences between BaMV-S and BaMV-O were related to the ability of replication and accumulation. In order to examine the symptom determinant on BaMV genome, chimeric viruses between the two strains were constructed and inoculated onto C. quinoa and N. benthamiana plants. The results showed that the 3'' region from nt 5318-6366 plays an essential role on symptom expression. PCR based mutagenesis revealed that the single amino acid difference in coat protein gene did not confer the BaMV symptom expression on C. quinoa and N. benthamiana. To test the use of BaMV as a gene expression vector, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was inserted into BaMV cDNA clone with duplicated region encompassing the putative CP promoter at three different positions: between ORF1 and ORF2, between ORF4 and CP gene, and behind CP gene. These clones were denoted as BV2-GFP, BV-GFP, and BV3-GFP, respectively. The most stable expression cassette was BV-GFP. Systemic expression of foreign protein (GFP) on monocots barley (cv. Larker) and rice (Taichung Native 1) was demonstrated by Western blot analysis.

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34

Tsai, Ho-Chen, i 蔡和成. "The Differential Proteome of the Fast Growing Bamboo Shoots and Construction of Its Antibody Bank". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33549048070579972202.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
微生物與生化學研究所
96
Hybridoma technology is the most frequently used method for preparing monoclonal antibody. It is produced by fusing antibody secreting splenic B cells with myeloma cells. This technology was basically unchanged since its first introduction in 1975 by Kohler and Milstein. The concept of monoclonal antibody bank was proposed by our lab in 2006, and totally 192 specific monoclonal antibodies was collected by immunizing mice with the total water-soluble proteins from bamboo shoot, and then following an improved fusion and screening procedure. In this project, we further proposed the concept of differential antibody bank, in which the antibodies recognizing those proteins that were specific to variuos growing stages of bamboo shoots were screened out. First attempt to construct this bank by immunoaffinity column was not successful, since we cannot produce the protein banks with significant difference. Flow cytometer which could differentially sort out the cells labeled with specific proteins was utilized. In preliminary tests, we confirmed that hybridma cells could produce membrane-bound antibodies as detected by anti-mouse IgG-FITC antibody; and several established hybridoma lines (H7c, C7a, and D5b) could be sorted successfully by antigen labeling. Then we immunize mice with total proteins from bamboo shoots (BS0TP or BS60TP), and fuse the B cells with myeloma cells. After 3 wk cultured in T80-flask, the specific antibody producing lines were sorted out by negative selection and subsequently positive selection. The antibody produced was then checked by Western blotting after limiting dilution. Finally, we get some monoclonal antibody, but it can’t recognize BS0TP or BS60TP specifically. Therefore, we have to improve this technique and the procedure.

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35

Mu, Bao-gui, i 穆寶貴. "The Study on the Constructions in the Structures of the Bamboo Buildings in Taiwan". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80476140385944024170.

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碩士
國立成功大學
建築學系碩博士班
95
The thinking of green buildings has become more and more important during these years, and it brings the building industries’ value to green buildings. Bamboos’ low fugitive and low pollutant characteristics bring fewer environmental loads to the earth. Besides, bamboos have wide growing areas in Taiwan except from Xinzhu and Tainan city. Bamboos are natural building materials which are easy to obtain. They not only can be traditionally applied in making furniture and decoration but also can be used as building materials. Overall, they are precious materials for green buildings. In the early days, there were cases that either the aboriginal buildings or traditional folk buildings used bamboos as building materials. However, the cases related to bamboo buildings are quite few nowadays. There have been regulative procedures for the preservation from bamboos pillars’ decay under the national standard. We only lack of the relative information about bamboo buildings. We did the research firstly by reviewing the traditional bamboo buildings constructions, materials, and the arrangement of research data for interrelated structures. Secondly, we arrange some related information such as the material usages in some cases, the constructions in the structures, and detail joints after doing the researches and having interviews with specialists. After understanding the present bamboo buildings constructions in Taiwan, we can analyze the traditional structures and present ones, see the differences between them, and find their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, we propose some suggestion to improve the constructions according to the updated information and some advanced examples which are seldom seen in the document. The suggestion is listed below: (1)It’s well suggested to choose different parts from the bamboos and different ways of preservation from decay based on the bamboos’ intensity and their cost. (2)Process the bamboo woods with standardization and pre-assemble the structure in factories to heighten the construction efficiency and quality. (3)Suggestion for each parts: A.Foundation: Heighten the foundation and use fasteners or steel wires to fasten the bamboo pillars to reinforce the water resistance and immobility. B.Construction Walls: a.Increase braces and horizontal crossbeams to steady the construction walls. b.Decrease the number of holes on bamboos pillars and use fasteners to joint the bamboos materials, or alter the forms of joints to ensure the bamboos’ completeness. c.Change the materials of construction walls to enhance the walls’ combination and stability. d.Daub protective paint on walls periodically to prevent them from sunshine. C.Roof: Change the materials of roof and add insulating airspace to enhance the roof’s durability. D.Opening: Place the openings between bamboos pillars, and alter the forms of doors and windows. E.Detail joints: Establish the unified form of joints. Use the bamboo tubes to combine the horizontal crossbeams. Decrease the number of holes to keep the completeness of bamboos pillars.

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36

Wu, Yu-Jen, i 吳裕仁. "Study on the Proteome of the Fast Growing Bamboo Shoots and the Construction of its Antibody Bank". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55535848396354602878.

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博士
國立臺灣大學
微生物與生化學研究所
94
This project employing the proteomics method to investigate the overall changes of proteins during the growing process in bamboo which is fast-growing in nature. It was observed that the levels of water-soluble proteins fluctuate in the growing stage from underground to 60 cm-shoot high. Identifying the spots which undergo changes during the growing process in combination with enzyme activity analysis, it were discovered that polysaccharides of cell walls change rapidly, glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism accelerate to generate the energy for growing, the level of pentose phosphate pathway remains stable to supply ribose and NADPH for the synthesis of nucleic acids, amino acids, and steroids. Additionally, the amounts of some proteins related to growing such as G-protein and elongation factor, proteins with defense mechanism and metabolism enzymes increase to cause the fast-growing of bamboo. In a separate research, the establishment of monoclonal antibody bank using all of the proteins of bamboo at once to perform immune test on mice was investigated. So far 192 monoclonal antibodies have been isolated using the method of stage antibody screening with modifications on the antibody preparation and screening process. This method is a new concept and process. The purification process of antigen could be eliminated and many multiple monoclonal antibodies can be prepared in a short time. It is a platform combining proteomics and antibody bank. Many applications based on this platform can be performed. It can be applied to any biological system to generate antibody of any protein (except mice). Once the antibody bank is established, the making of the antibody chips can be conducted to provide research and development tools for cell biology, physiology, pathology and other related fields。

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37

HUANG, SHU-FANG, i 黃淑芳. "Constructing Management Performance Model for Ecomuseum：A Case Study of Bamboo Craft Ecomuseum in Jushan, Taiwan". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qtvtq4.

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碩士
朝陽科技大學
景觀及都市設計系
106
In this study, ecomuseums and ecomuseums Management Performance were first reviewed through the literature review which are intended to acquire establishment of ecomuseum management performance of the prototype. In order to study the interrelationship, influence, and weighing between the factors, the study obtained the impact factors by Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), Analytic Network Process (ANP); then constructed management performance model for ecomuseum. The results of the ecomuseums management performance, the study concludes the first three key factors are "Cultural Heritage Preservation "," Community Resident Approval" and " Community participation". Finally, basing on the literature and the study’s results, the study makes suggestions to be provided as a reference to the Jhushan Township and the future research.

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Kuo, Hsi-Hui, i 郭希慧. "An Action Approach of Collaborative Team Teaching Based on Constructing An Empowerment Model for Bamboo Craft". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76369988126943471100.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
創意生活設計系
102
In the past, Jhushan witnessed the formation of an industrial settlement centered on the region’s production of bamboo. Such settlement can be compared to those in other regions of Taiwan. Although the core groups of skilled senior craftsmen and professional groups still exist Jhushan, the craft industry in Taiwan is facing continued decline in skilled manpower and industrial transformation. In this study, we find that the main factors in the reduced activity of the bamboo craft industry include human aging and the lack of training to develop skills that are difficult to acquire, and craftsmen who have different and more modern design ideas. In current design education, many design students also do not have first-hand knowledge of the materials required for this craft. This lack of finer understanding of the material and construction methods can lead to difficulties in product development. Another source of difficulty in product development is the required compliance with the status of the favorable conditions of supply and demand. With the use of the “Empowerment Model,” craftsmen and designer professionals can work together to provide excellent products. During the process of teaching and learning, students can increase the quality and diversity of their design works. This will also help develop their skills beyond those of the traditional inherited skills, opening a world of new possibilities. Hence, in accordance with the special nature of this craft industry’s needs and its future potential, it is necessary to employ education and the Empowerment Model in the development and construction of bamboo craft. In this study, which introduces the Collaborative Team Teaching (CTT) research approach, we designed a series of activities to reflect the local culture technology value of bamboo weaving. We used the view of young students who specialize in architecture design and skills, specifically the difficulties they face in cultivating their talents in relation to this traditional craft. The research process is divided into three phases as follows: (1) exploration and study of the field though further interviews of locals and field observation activities, and the reconstruction of the sustainability of bamboo craft skills heritage; (2) planning design and creation of CCT to encourage designers and craftsmen to train students together and to explore the feasibility of CTT as a mediator between the profession of design and technology of the craft; and finally, (3) the use of the “empowerment model construction” through a series of observations, study, reflection, and action to participate in exhibition. Inspiring students' interest in the craft can also make them understand the difficulties as well as the opportunity to attract newcomers to engage in this craft. To construct the course of the Empowerment Model, this research proposes the "Sustainability Strategy of Inheritance of Bamboo crafts," which is divided into three parts as follows:(1)Bamboo diversified application strategy, (2) Strategy for promoting craftsmen, (3) Strategy of Artistic commercialization development. By combining bamboo, engineering and skill, we can promote the sustainability of the bamboo craft cultural heritage. Furthermore, developing CCT can increase understanding of the empowerment action and the relationships among all participants, thus improving the overall value of the development approach via education and training. Finally, we can construct “The Bamboo Craft Empowerment Model” through a series of actions that ensure the development and training program execution.

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Meng-ChuChang i 張孟珠. "Constructing a Model of Transformation Design for Traditional Crafts – Taking Hakka Bamboo Curtain Crafts as an Example". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83h487.

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博士
國立成功大學
創意產業設計研究所
107
This study aims to create a model for reference for transformations of traditional crafts designs. It takes Liudui’s traditional bamboo curtain crafts as an example to explore the possibilities of transformation design for traditional crafts. The transformation design of traditional crafts is different from the design of new products, and the basis of the design cannot deviate from the original threads. Accordingly, the main goal of this research is to engage in transforming the design of products, which is based on tradition, and to break away from its framework at the same time. The design of creative thinking structure lies in Morphological Analysis, Attribute Listing, and SCAMPER. This research was also supplemented by the Delphi method for expert consultation. Through the checklist, the independent viewpoints of each expert were collected, and from their repeated feedback and aggregation, the recommendations were summarized and finally based on this, simulation designs of bamboo curtains and value assessment and analysis of the value levels were carried out to explore various possibilities of transformation design for bamboo crafts. This study, by taking scholarly discussions and expert opinions and consultations into account, constructs three levels of value in the design of cultural and creative products. The products with different design orientations have different core focuses. Craft design and industrial design products are more focused on the satisfaction of “Practical Level, while creative design products are more focused on “Sensory Level.” Cultural products are more focused on “Spiritual Level,” but creative and cultural products' design does not focus on a single value level, instead, they attempt to balance the multiple values to meet the diverse needs of consumers. Therefore, a well-designed cultural and creative product not only has the value on the practical level but also has the values on the sensory and spiritual levels. The proportion of the three value levels depends on the difference in product design attributes. They can have different focuses, but should not be neglected. The product that can be balanced among the three is the best creative and cultural product. Therefore, it is expected that this study, through the construction of a model of transformation design for bamboo curtain crafts, is able to establish a model of transformation design for products of crafts for reference, hoping that the traditional crafts can not only be based on tradition but also bring consumers a refreshing feeling and revive the past glory.

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