Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Consensus development conferences

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Consensus development conferences”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Consensus development conferences"

Sherwood, William C. "Consensus development conferences". Transfusion 27, nr 3 (20.10.2009): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.1987.tb01472.x.

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McGlynn, Elizabeth A., Jacqueline Kosecoff i Robert H. Brook. "Format and Conduct of Consensus Development Conferences". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 6, nr 3 (kwiecień 1990): 450–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300001045.

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AbstractThe consensus development conference method developed by the National Institutes of Health in the United States has been adopted and modified by a number of countries. Based on published articles and communication with representatives from each country, we examined whether the organization and conduct of these conferences in nine countries (United States, Canada, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom) enhanced or detracted from achieving the stated conference goals and objectives. We conclude that improvements in the process by which consensus conferences are conducted may be warranted. More scientific methods for synthesizing literature, such as meta-analysis, should be used in developing inputs for the conference panel. Formalizing the decision-making processes through polling or other methods that allow for structured disagreement with parts of a consensus statement would potentially expand the range and type of issues that can be addressed in such conferences. Finally, countries should consider having the consensus statement written over a longer period of time than the traditional overnight session, which seems unlikely to promote clear thinking.

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van Everdingen, J. J. E., i A. F. Casparie. "Consensus development conferences on osteoporosis". BMJ 296, nr 6614 (2.01.1988): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.296.6614.61.

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Jennett, B., J. Spiby i B. Stocking. "Consensus development conferences on osteoporosis". BMJ 296, nr 6614 (2.01.1988): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.296.6614.62.

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Casparie, A. F., i J. J. E. van Everdingen. "Consensus Development Conferences in the Netherlands". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 1, nr 4 (październik 1985): 905–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300001884.

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Calltorp, Johan. "Consensus Development Conferences in Sweden: Effects on Health Policy and Administration". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 4, nr 1 (styczeń 1988): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300003287.

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AbstractSeven consensus development conferences have been held in Sweden since 1982. The conferences, sponsored by the Swedish Medical Research Council and Spri, typically examine social, organizational, and economic aspects of technology, and therefore, generate consensus statements of interest not only to physicians but also to politicians and health administrators.The study presented here examines the influence of the first five consensus development conferences on politicians and health administrators. Data was obtained via a mail questionnaire and personal interviews with leading individuals in these groups. More than half of the respondents indicated that they had found the statements from one or more conferences to be of practical value as a basis for discussing specific technologies with medical staffs. In some cases the statements directly influenced political decisions.

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Andreasen, Buch. "Consensus Conferences in Different Countries". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 4, nr 2 (kwiecień 1988): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300004104.

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AbstractThe different models of consensus development conferences (CDC5) are analyzed in relation to democratic technology assessment. In some countries CDCs are mainly concerned with influencing the quality of clinical practice and thus are dominated by medical experts. In other countries, CDCs are directed towards the public and the decision makers on the political and administrative level. The Danish experience demonstrates that CDCs may be a forceful social technology with a strong potential to influence decisions about medical as well as non-medical technology

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Jacoby, Itzhak, i Martin Rose. "Transfer of Information and Its Impact on Medical Practice: The U.S. Experience". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 2, nr 1 (styczeń 1986): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300002828.

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Since 1977, the Consensus Development Program of the Office of Medical Applications of Research (OMAR), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has sponsored more than 50 consensus development conferences (CDCs) on the safety and efficacy of important biomedical technologies. The aim of these conferences, described fully elsewhere (4), is to inform the health care community, and to some extent the public, of the status of emerging biomedical technologies and the need for change in the use of existing health-related technologies. OMAR has therefore, worked diligently to publicize conference findings among these audiences. Further, OMAR has sought to improve the effectiveness of these transfer activities by conducting assessments of the impact of CDCs on their primary audience, U.S. physicians.

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Joss, Simon, i John Durant. "The UK National Consensus Conference on Plant Biotechnology". Public Understanding of Science 4, nr 2 (kwiecień 1995): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-6625/4/2/006.

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We consider the consensus conference as a model for the incorporation of lay perspectives within the assessment of new sciences and technologies. A consensus is a forum in which a group of laypeople questions experts about a controversial scientific or technological subject, assesses the experts' responses, reaches a consensus about the subject, and reports its conclusions at a press conference. Following a brief description of the development of consensus conferences in Denmark, we review the organization and the outcome of the first UK National Consensus Conference on Plant Biotechnology (UKNCC). The UKNCC is currently the subject of a detailed evaluation. At this stage, we are principally concerned to provide practical information about the organization of the conference. However, we also offer a preliminary assessment of the potential significance of this novel approach for the public understanding of science.

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Gold, Benjamin D. "Current Therapy forHelicobacter pyloriInfection in Children and Adolescents". Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 13, nr 7 (1999): 571–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/634645.

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Helicobacter pyloriinfects approximately 50% of the world’s population and is a definitive cause of gastroduodenal disease (ie, gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcers) in children and adults. Four consensus conferences held around the globe have brought together clinicians, scientists, epidemiologists and health care economists to discuss the role of the gastric pathogenH pyloriin human gastroduodenal disease. At each of these conferences, the overriding objective was to reach a consensus on the development of practical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment ofH pylori-infected individuals. However, it was not until the CanadianH pyloriConsensus Conference, held in November 1997, that the issues ofH pyloriinfection in children were addressed. Therapies forH pyloriinfection in children, presented in part at the First Canadian PaediatricH pyloriConsensus Conference, held in Victoria, British Columbia, November 1998, are reviewed in this paper.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Consensus development conferences"

Mohr, Alison, i n/a. "A New Policy-Making Instrument? The First Australian Consensus Conference". Griffith University. School of Humanities, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030707.075312.

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Consensus conferences evolved as a response to the public's increasing dissatisfaction with technocratic decision-making processes that are judged to have repeatedly failed to serve its interests. The staging of the first Australian consensus conference at Old Parliament House in Canberra in March 1999 therefore presented an ideal opportunity to analyse the evolution of this new kind of policy input from its conception through to its implementation and subsequent evaluation. This thesis set out to provide an analysis of that trajectory using elements of the theoretical approach known as actor-network theory (ANT). Previous analyses of consensus conferences have generally provided only limited evaluations of single aspects of the entire process of setting up, implementing and evaluating such a conference. Furthermore, many of the early evaluations were conducted by reviewers or units which were themselves internal to the consensus conference under scrutiny. My own analysis has tried to offer broader, although inevitably less detailed, coverage, using a perspective from contemporary social theory that offers particular advantages in analysing the creation of short-term networks designed for specific purposes. By describing and analysing the role of this relatively new policy-making instrument, I have explored the different sub-networks that operate within the consensus conference process by focussing on the ways in which the conference was organised and how the relationships between the organisers and the participants helped to shape the outcomes. Thus the entire consensus conference sequence from idea to outcome can be thought of as a construction of a network to achieve at least one immediate goal. That goal was a single potential policy input, a consensus position embodied in the report of the lay panel. To realise that goal, the network needed to be recruited and stabilised and its members made to converge on that collective statement. But how is it that a range of disparate actors, including lay and expert, are mobilised to achieve that particular goal and what are the stabilisation devices which enable, or fail to enable this goal to be reached? In the context of the first Australian consensus conference, three key alignment devices emerged: texts, money and people. Yet it is clear from the evidence that some of these network stabilisation devices functioned poorly or not at all. This thesis has drawn attention to the areas in which they were weak and what importance that weakness had for the kind of policy outcome the consensus conference achieved. The role and extent of these powerful stabilisation devices in networks was therefore a vital issue for analysis. If one of the criteria to evaluate the success of a consensus conference is that it provides the stimulus to hold another, then the Australian conference must be deemed so far a failure. No further Australian consensus conference is planned. However, Australia stands to forfeit a number of advantages if no further consensus conferences or similar occasions are organised. Policy formation in contemporary democracies has had to accommodate an increasing array of new participants in order to track more effectively the diversity of potentially significant opinions on complex policy issues. This process requires new and transparent ways to educate and inform the public on policy issues and to ensure that policy makers are better informed about the needs and concerns of their community. As the evidence presented in thesis for the Australian example and its predecessors overseas suggests, consensus conferences have the potential to play a role in the contemporary policy-making context. But the realisation of that potential will vary according to their institutional contexts and the capacity of the actors to create the temporarily most stable and productive network out of the heterogeneous human and material resources to hand.

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Mohr, Alison. "A New Policy-Making Instrument? The First Australian Consensus Conference". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366462.

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Dawson, Lesley J. "Recommending core outcome measures for adults with musculoskeletal knee conditions : a consensus development conference". Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601667.

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Musculoskeletal knee conditions present a growing burden for community based rehabilitation. Outcome measures profile current health status, detect change and evaluate response to interventions. There is, however, an abundance of outcome measures but no recommendation on which to use or what data to collect, leading to widespread variation in practice. The purpose of this study was to identify those outcome measures with robust scientific evidence for adults undergoing conservative treatment of musculoskeletal knee conditions and establish, through consensus with clinicians, researchers and patients, which are acceptable and feasible for use in community based settings. An investigation of current clinical practice in NHS Scotland profiled data collection and outcome measure use in community rehabilitation. Evidenced based, validated patient vignettes were developed to establish the scope of the study. The literature reporting and testing the clinimetric properties of outcome measures was systematically reviewed and the OMERACT filters of 'truth' and 'discrimination' applied to the data for each outcome measure by an expert panel. Those measures meeting predefined quality thresholds were presented to a national Consensus Development Conference where delegates voted on their acceptability and feasibility, followed by wider public consultation. None of the 37 outcome measures identified had been fully tested or were fully supported with sufficient quality and breadth of evidence for all components of the OMERACT filter, only ten met the preset criteria for 'truth' and 'discrimination' . Five were presented to Conference and two (Lysholm and WOMAC) were subsequently recommended for use in clinical practice. Barriers to implementation included time, administration and cost. This thesis reports on a study to recommend a core set of outcome measures that could facilitate standardisation of data collection and demonstrate effectiveness of interventions for adults with musculoskeletal conditions of the knee. It captures thoughts and concerns of clinicians on the introduction of a minimum core set of outcome measures.

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Helms, Christopher. "Consensus on a Specialist Clinical Learning and Teaching Framework for Australian Nurse Practitioners". Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2017. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/076a30ffd066dd97be47f344a5e7e97fccc7dfc2f30d6d180e730e48a5209ea7/81980443/HELMS_2017_THESIS.pdf.

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Background The Australian nurse practitioner (NP) role is represented by over 1,400 endorsed NPs practising in over 50 different specialty areas. Generic standards have broadly supported the role’s behavioural, professional and expanded practice expectations since 2006, and have been used for the accreditation of NP Masters programmes nationally. The need for consistent and flexible specialty clinical education for NP students has been described in the Australian literature. The clinical learning and teaching of Australian NP specialty roles has traditionally occurred in the student’s workplace, within a specified area of practice. Jurisdictional differences at state/territory and local levels have influenced how NP students develop and enact their roles once endorsed. Factors such as the student’s clinical supervisor, local legislation and policy, role ambiguity, restrictive local clinical guidelines and protocols influence what NP students learn in their clinical learning environments. These factors contribute to a highly differentiated NP workforce, with differing clinical skills, knowledge and abilities noted within the same specialty area. Similar difficulties have led to the development of broad specialty areas in the United States of America. To better complement the generic learning and teaching students receive through their academic programmes, this research aims to validate a specialist clinical learning and teaching framework for Australian nurse practitioners. This framework will not only enhance consistency in their specialty clinical learning and teaching, but create greater workforce flexibility. A consensus-based research methodology was needed to validate the specialty clinical learning and teaching framework. Delphi Technique is a consensus-based research methodology commonly employed in nursing research to explore solutions to questions that have unclear or indeterminate answers. It aims to achieve a pre-determined level of consensus on a research question, using content experts through an anonymous and iterative process. Critical to the method’s validity is the participation of a heterogeneous group of experts with advanced knowledge of the content area, and whose feedback to other panelists is controlled to minimise social influence. Individual participant characteristics, such as experience level and confidence in decision-making, and the influence of these upon consensus are poorly described in the Delphi literature. There was little previous empirical research to inform how to best describe heterogeneity of opinion informing the specialty clinical learning and teaching framework using nurse practitioners. Aims - To validate a specialty clinical learning and teaching framework for Australian NP students. Specific objectives that addressed this aim were: - To validate a previously developed Australian NP metaspecialty taxonomy. - To validate supporting clinical practice standards used for the metaspecialty taxonomy. - To contribute knowledge of how consensus is achieved when using Reactive Delphi methodology. Specific questions that addressed this aim were: - Does Reactive Delphi methodology potentiate the negative influence of the bandwagon effect in Delphi panelists? - What effect does panelist confidence have on decision-making in Delphi panelists? - How can experience level be objectively demonstrated in individual Delphi panelists? - What effect does experience level have on decision-making in Delphi panelists? - Does confidence relate to opinion change in individual Delphi panelists? - What effect does panel composition have on consensus outcomes? - To demonstrate the application of web-based methods in Delphi research. Specific objectives that addressed this aim were: - Describe the advantages of using a web-based Delphi method. - Describe the risks of using a web-based Delphi method. - Describe how panelist feedback was managed during six concurrent Delphi studies. Methodology and Methods This mixed-methods research used Delphi Technique to achieve consensus on, and therefore validate, a NP specialty clinical learning and teaching framework. Two sequential 3-round Reactive Delphi surveys were used to achieve the research aims. The first Delphi survey was designed to validate a proposed broad Australian NP specialty taxonomy previously established by the 2014 CLLEVER (CLinical LEarning goVERnance) study. The second Delphi survey was designed to validate clinical practice standards, which would support and provide definition to the specialty taxonomy. Together, the taxonomy and standards informed the proposed specialty clinical learning and teaching framework. Consensus Development Conference methodology was used to refine the proposed specialty clinical learning and teaching framework. Data collected during the conduct of the first Delphi survey achieved the second research aim. The third research aim was achieved by using metadata, paradata and embedded data in an advanced web-based survey design for both Delphi surveys. Purposive sampling and snowballing techniques were used to recruit from an eligible population of NPs, endorsed by the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, with at least 12 months’ post-endorsement experience (N=966). Web-based survey technology was used to collect data. Data were analysed using content analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics. The Content Validity Index and non-parametric testing using McNemar’s Test for Change were used to determine consensus that informed the proposed framework. Results Approximately 20% of the eligible Australian NP population contributed to both Delphi surveys. Six broad specialty areas, termed metaspecialties, were validated for the proposed specialty taxonomy. A Consensus Development Conference refined the names of two metaspecialties. The metaspecialties served as a foundation for validated clinical practice standards, which provided substance and definition to the final specialty clinical learning and framework. Heterogeneity of expert NP opinion informing the framework was demonstrated using professional activities representative of advanced practice nursing. There was no indication of negative social influence determining the manner by which panelists achieved consensus on the proposed framework. A novel method of using metadata, paradata and embedded data in web-based surveys was applied, which supported high survey response rates and identified non-response bias. A novel application of web-based surveys allowed the researcher to concurrently conduct six Delphi surveys nested within a larger research project. Conclusion This research demonstrates a rigorous approach in validating a proposed specialty clinical learning and teaching framework for Australian NP students. It contributes new knowledge on the internal and external validity of Reactive Delphi methodology.

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CHANG-Yu-Chieh i 張妤婕. "A Study of Public Participation in Urban Development: A Case Study of Consensus Conference of “The Future of Beitou Historic Area”". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39304212044374680470.

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碩士
中國文化大學
巿政暨環境規劃學系
98
Beitou historic area is one of the early-developed areas in Taipei metropolis. Beitou historic area took the most advantages in traffic and natural resources location about Danbei trail, sulfur, Ceramic soil and hot-spring; therefore, it became a prosperous area. Due to industries outflow and prostitution abolishment policy, a rapid and long term recession attacked local economy badly and there are almost no constructions during the slump. Less than a decade, the revitalization of hot-spring industry and newly constructed Mass Rapid Transit system brought perceivable prosperity to Beitou; as a consequence, issues like traffic congestion, compatible public service shortage and obscurity of self-identification occurred one after another. Even worse, by adding extra floor area to build new super high-rise buildings according to the regulation of shift-in of TDR (transfer of development rights), some urban renewal projects with building permit are constructed at the very center of historic area, obviously violated the guideline of the urban planning of Beitou and created great conflicts between urban renewal policies and historic area conservation, and thus permanently changed the surroundings and skyline. Standing on the crossway of improving living quality by new construction and revitalizing local economy by vivid traditional characteristic, Beitou historic area is facing a dilemma. From October to November, 2004, then, Consensus Conference of “The Future of Beitou Historic Area” was held, and local residents were invited to participate in a few-weeks workshop to discuss the influence of urban renewal policy of the historical area of Beitou, and how it is affecting the positioning of future Beitou and their future vision. In this conference, this study was set up an experimental mechanism for participants to have communication with authorities directly during the conference. It can be reference materials in setting policy for the future urban development in Beitou historic area for the authorities. It is a new trial that adopting Consensus Conference as a method of public participation in urban development. It’s a research of great worth to review in setting policy procedure, in Taiwan, how many legal participation opportunities could be opened to the public? How is the actual effectiveness in practicality so far? If there were some defects in public participation in urban development, how can we solve or improve the problem? What kind of the method would make the participation more delicate and direct？ It would transfer the conflict in public advantages into public interests and consensus in a community common learning process. The main purpose of this study is to review and analyze the problem of public participation again in urban development in Taiwan at present. Through participant observation the case of Consensus Conference of “The Future of Beitou Historic Area”, I discovered and analyzed the characteristics and actual effectiveness of Consensus Conference; probing into the possibilities in Consensus Conference as a method of the public participation in urban development.

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Książki na temat "Consensus development conferences"

NIH Consensus Development Conference on Genetic Testing for Cystic Fibrosis (1997 National Institutes of Health). NIH Consensus Development Conference on Genetic Testing for Cystic Fibrosis: [program and abstracts]. Bethesda, Md: National Institutes of Health, Continuing Medical Education, 1997.

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NIH Consensus Development Conference on Genetic Testing for Cystic Fibrosis (1997 National Institutes of Health). NIH Consensus Development Conference on Genetic Testing for Cystic Fibrosis: April 14-16, 1997, Natcher Conference Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Bethesda, Md: National Institutes of Health, Continuing Medical Education, 1997.

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Office of the Director, red. Guidelines for the planning and management of NIH consensus development conferences. [Bethesda, Md.?]: National Institutes of Health, Office of the Director, 1993.

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M, Carter Grace, National Institutes of Health (U.S.) i Rand Corporation, red. Treatment of eight NIH consensus development conferences in the biomedical literature. Santa Monica CA (P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica 90406-2138): Rand, 1986.

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1949-, Berry Sandra H., i Rand Corporation, red. Physician survey for evaluating the NIH consensus development program. [Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 1987.

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H, Theodore William, i Conference on Surgery for Epilepsy (1990 : National Institutes of Health), red. Surgical treatment of epilepsy. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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Clifford, Goodman, Baratz Sharon R, Council on Health Care Technology (Institute of Medicine) i International Workshop on Consensus Development for Medical Technology Assessment (1989 : London, England), red. Improving consensus development for health technology assessment: An international perspective. Washington, D.C: Council on Health Care Technology, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 1990.

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Midwives, Association of Radical, red. Super-Vision: Recommendations of the consensus conference of midwifery supervision. Hale: Books for Midwives Press in conjunction with the Association of Radical Midwives, 1995.

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Council on Health Care Technology (Institute of Medicine). Committee to Improve the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Program. Consensus development at the NIH: Improving the program : report of a study. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1990.

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Continuing Medical Education. i National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on Management of Hepatitis C (1997 : Bethesda, Md.), red. Management of hepatitis C: March 24-26, 1997. [Bethesda, Md.?]: National Institutes of Health, Continuing Medical Education, 1997.

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Części książek na temat "Consensus development conferences"

Neugebauer, E. "Introduction: The Concept of the E.A.E.S. Consensus Development Conferences (CDC’s)". W Recommendations for evidence-based endoscopic surgery, 3–7. Paris: Springer Paris, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0849-9_1.

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Lorenz, W., E. Neugebauer, B. Uvnäs, M. A. Beaven, M. Ennis, G. Granerus, J. P. Green i in. "Munich Consensus Development Conference on Histamine Determination". W Histamine and Histamine Antagonists, 81–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75840-9_10.

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Neugebauer, Edmund, i Stefan Sauerland. "Laparoscopic appendectomy: E.A.E.S. Consensus Development Conference (1997), with updating comments (2000)". W Recommendations for evidence-based endoscopic surgery, 15–23. Paris: Springer Paris, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0849-9_3.

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Neugebauer, Edmund, i Stefan Sauerland. "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: E.A.E.S. Consensus Development Conference (1997) with updating comments (2000)". W Recommendations for evidence-based endoscopic surgery, 37–46. Paris: Springer Paris, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0849-9_5.

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Neugebauer, Edmund, i Stefan Sauerland. "Laparoscopic hernia repair: E.A.E.S. Consensus Development Conference (1997) with updating comments (2000)". W Recommendations for evidence-based endoscopic surgery, 24–36. Paris: Springer Paris, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0849-9_4.

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Neugebauer, Edmund, i Stefan Sauerland. "Diagnosis and treatment of diverticular disease: E.A.E.S. Consensus Development Conference (1997) with updating comments (2000)". W Recommendations for evidence-based endoscopic surgery, 77–89. Paris: Springer Paris, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0849-9_8.

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Shvachych, Gennady, Boris Moroz, Andrii Matviichuk, Hanna Sashchuk, Oleksandr Dzhus i Volodymyr Busygin. "Development of a Linear-Scaling Consensus Mechanism of the Distributed Data Ledger Technology". W Proceedings of International Conference on Data Science and Applications, 647–61. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6634-7_46.

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Schmid, R., D. H. Berwick, B. Combes, R. B. D’Agostino, S. H. Danovitch, H. J. Fallon, O. Jonasson i in. "Liver transplantation: Summary of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference (Volume 4, Number 7)". W Progress in Liver Transplantation, 267–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5018-4_27.

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Neugebauer, Edmund, i Stefan Sauerland. "Diagnosis and treatment of common bile duct stones: E.A.E.S. Consensus Development Conference (1997), with updating comments (2000)". W Recommendations for evidence-based endoscopic surgery, 63–76. Paris: Springer Paris, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0849-9_7.

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Michalopoulos, Constantine. "Aid and Development in the 1990s". W Ending Global Poverty, 6–21. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850175.003.0002.

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Momentous political and economic events shook the established world order during the early 1990s and shaped the future course of aid and development. In 1991, the peaceful demise of the Soviet Union ushered a period of international cooperation on global issues. Reducing poverty became the central objective of global institutions. A new theme was emerging from these declarations: the developing countries had to take charge of their own destiny. They should be in the driver’s seat in shaping plans and programmes to reduce poverty. Aid should be used to address partner country objectives not to promote developed country political and economic interests. And a number of global UN conferences were articulating a new international consensus on goals to be achieved in many areas including education, the environment, and the status of women. But by the middle of the decade, on the ground reality still differed greatly from these lofty pronouncements. The burden of debt had not been fully lifted from poor countries; aid allocation had not adapted significantly to reflect changing developing country needs; and old-style aid continued to suffocate developing country governments and impede progress. This chapter first summarizes the development progress and the varying needs for external assistance of different groups of developing countries in the 1990s. Next, the emerging consensus on how to best utilize economic assistance to reduce poverty is discussed. Finally, the chapter addresses the issue of how to bridge the disconnect between global pronouncements reflecting international goodwill and the continuing challenges of poverty affecting hundreds of millions, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Consensus development conferences"

Ullman, David G., i Bruce D’Ambrosio. "An Introduction to the Consensus Model of Engineering Design Decision Making". W ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dtm-5649.

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Abstract This paper presents an introduction1 to a model of a collaborative working environment which supports distributed team argumentation, negotiation, consensus building and rationale capture. Based on a natural model of team deliberation, this model is the basis for the development of a system that enables team support and the capture of the design rationale in value added activities. The consensus model is the result of over fifteen years of studying and modeling design engineers by the authors and the integration of research results from the fields of negotiation and argumentation modeling, design rationale capture, decision theoretics, and engineering best practices.

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Burleson, Grace, i Jesse Austin-Breneman. "Engineering for Global Development: Characterizing the Discipline Through a Systematic Literature Review". W ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22686.

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Abstract Over the past 50 years, researchers have repeatedly proposed the establishment of a new interdisciplinary engineering field in Engineering for Global Development (EGD), whose analytical tools and design processes result in positive social impacts and poverty alleviation in a global development context. Within each discipline and research area, a growing body of work has sought to systematically create scientific knowledge in this area. However, a recent network analysis of Human-Centered Design plus Development research indicates that sub-communities are not collaborating at a high level and therefore the overall research agenda may lack cohesion. This paper presents a descriptive analysis of EGD research within mechanical engineering along four dimensions through a systematic literature review and secondary data analysis. Results from the review and a Latent Dirichlet Allocation model indicate EGD work in mechanical engineering draws upon research methodologies from a number of other fields and has low levels of consensus on technical terminology. These results suggest consensus in the broader interdisciplinary EGD field should be examined.

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Palm, William J., i Daniel E. Whitney. "Exploring the Meaning of Success in Outsourced Product Development". W ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-29147.

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Research on outsourced product development has focused primarily on the motives behind firms’ decisions to outsource, with less attention paid to the outcomes of those decisions. The few existing academic studies have reported high failure rates, but there is little consensus as to what is meant by “project success” and “failure” and some do not define success at all. Such ambiguity makes comparisons difficult and hinders explanation of observed variation in project outcomes. This paper explores the many meanings of project success in outsourced product development, based on in-depth interviews of thirty design consultants and clients. After reviewing the merits and limitations of each metric, we propose that the client’s willingness to recommend the consultant may be a suitable outcome variable for assessing project outcomes and comparing success rates across diverse projects, companies, and industries. We present preliminary data that suggests client willingness to recommend varies widely and is multimodal in distribution. Finally, we identify several commonly encountered failure modes, i.e., sequences of events that generate discrepancies between client expectations and project deliverables, thereby producing client dissatisfaction.

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Regli, William C., i Michael J. Pratt. "What Are Feature Interactions?" W ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dfm-1285.

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Abstract Manufacturing features and their interactions have become areas of research scrutiny in recent years. It is widely accepted that intelligent reasoning about interactions among features is a critical element in the development of systems for automated manufacturing. Conversely, however, there has not emerged any general consensus as to what features are, how they are defined, and what it means when one says that features interact. This paper attempts to focus and refine what is meant by the term feature interaction and outline precisely how interactions can affect automated feature recognition and manufacturing planning. It is our belief that, by establishing a conceptual common ground with regard to these concepts, the research community will be better able to assess how to effectively address the problems that they present.

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Takai, Shun, i Kosuke Ishii. "Testing Subjective Bias in the Analysis of the Customer Needs". W ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57777.

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Collecting and grouping customer needs and constraints by similarity are essential steps in market-driven product development. This paper introduces an overall procedure to collect and structure customer needs and constraints with the emphasis on grouping customer needs by similarity. In particular, this paper applies a statistical methodology (Subjective Clustering) to test for an indication that a few participants’ opinions (information) dominate the others’ when grouping customer needs using the consensus-based method (Affinity Diagram). Biased use of participants’ information may lead to clusters inaccurately representing customer needs, which this paper defines as “subjective bias.” Using both Affinity Diagram and Subjective Clustering, one can test and correct the subjective bias while maintaining strong buy-in of the clusters by the participants.

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Fischer, X., C. Merlo, J. Legardeur, L. Zimmer i A. Anglada. "Knowledge Management and Support Environment in Early Phases of Design Process". W ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57791.

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Most of the time, starting new design projects based on innovative product concepts is a strategic but complicated process. Individual initiatives and the development of new ideas take place within conflicting contexts combining technical, economical and social aspects. During theses phases actors have to formalize new ideas, to exchange them and to collaborate to promote them. Traditional tools do not support such activities. We propose in this paper a new approach dedicated to the product development process from the early phases to the embodiment design phases. Metamodeling techniques and new tools (ID2 - Innovation Development and Diffusion - and CE - Constraint Explorer -) are proposed in order to support those phases ensuring the collaboration and the interaction between design actors, the knowledge and information management, the development of innovative ideas, and the improvement of embodiment design solutions. More over we propose to link our tools to a PLM environment to improve the sharing and the management of information, documents and design solutions in order to foster collaboration. The main objective of our implementation is to foster innovation during design process by improving sharing and reuse of innovative ideas and allowing the organization to identify rapidly best consensus for design solutions.

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Allen, R. H., S. Nidamarthi, P. V. M. Rao, R. Rhorer, R. D. Sriram i E. C. Teague. "Collaborating on the Design and Manufacture of an Atomic Artifact Transport System: A Case Study in VRML As a Visualization Tool for Consensus Building". W ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dac-5600.

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Abstract We report on our experience using the Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML) to collaborate on the design and manufacture of an artifact transport system (ATS). Specifically designed for the purpose of transporting nanometer-scale dimensional artifacts at pressures ∼10−8 Pa, the ATS consists of a transport cart and an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) system. As its name implies, the ATS is to transport an atomically-accurate specimen created in a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) laboratory to a scanning tunnel microscope (STM) laboratory across the NIST campus, where metrologists verify atomic-scale measurements. The project team involved between 15 and 20 participants — designers, engineers, physicists and manufacturers — and each individual was involved with the design and assembly of the ATS to varying degrees. After the project engineers developed their assembly models with their CAD tools, we exported the components and assemblies to VRML files. These representations were made available, via web browsers with VRML viewers, for feedback to project team members on their own workstations, which included PCs, Macintoshes and Suns. The port involved characterizing the simulation’s performance over a range of parameters such as processor capability, file size, VRAM available and graphics card capability. After meeting with the fabricators and physicists to determine the approximate assembly sequence of the ATS, we edited, augmented and animated the VRML files on a high-end workstation. By visualizing the animation sequence in a common facility with a videowall, participants were able to reach a consensus for the design and assembly changes needed. We conclude that VRML did help our team collaborate in the design and fabrication processes, although the technology supplemented, rather that supplanted face-to-face meetings. Our experience with VRML on multiple workstations leads us also to conclude that the language needs to be characterized to enhance easy development of engineering models and to achieve true and complete platform-independence.

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Beiter, Kurt A., Kosuke Ishii i Harshavardhan Karandikar. "Customer Requirements Management: Methodology Selection and Deployment Guide". W ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99630.

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This paper describes strategies for clarifying the product definition early in the development phase by deploying the right mix of key methods and tools. The focus is on customer value chains, project priority, “voice of customer” acquisition, and requirements flow-down. The tools most effective for each development project differ depending on the nature of the product. The authors noticed that one can characterize the products in two axes: morphology (hardware vs. systems) and maturity (established vs. new), and mapped them into four quadrants. We analyzed over a dozen projects in different industries raging from electronics to industrial equipment, and observed how each sector required and utilized the key tools with different priority. The paper is a guide to efficient deployment of the methods and tools and shows that analysis using these tools contributes to the build-up and management of consensus amongst the product development team and increases the rate of project success. The proposed approach provides guidance on which key tools the project should focus on based on the morphology vs. maturity mapping and contribute to project planning and scheduling and resource allocation between the development tollgates. The paper includes two case studies that represent two ends of the spectrum in our characterization quadrants. We conclude by identifying three major areas of research opportunities in product definition: 1) amorphous products that combine hardware, software, and external infrastructure, 2) integration of solution elements of different forms, and 3) global platform design.

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Andrzej Kisielnicki, Jerzy. "From a Traditional to a Networking Organization: The Role of Information and Communication Technologies". W InSITE 2015: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: USA. Informing Science Institute, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2231.

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The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) resulted in transforming the traditional hierarchical organizations into networking flexible ones. In the circumstances of identifying a new type of organizations, the notions as ‘organization’ and ‘synergy’ should be revised. The organizations with individual elements that build up a network have altered their attitude towards the problem of a global optimum. Individual elements that can be called ‘junctions,’ strive to optimize local optima instead of the traditionally approached global optimum. The article offers a hypothesis that a networking organization is formed when all its elements gain profits. What is needed to form it is the consensus of all the constituent elements. The management of networking organization is supported by the contemporary ICT tools that help to manage the network. Intellectual capital is the most important element of a networking organization. A new organizational form is becoming fully competitive against traditional organizations with the fixed position in the market. A comparison of the model of business functioning of a traditional and a networking organization has been made. The model shows what economic conditions should be met to form networking organizations. It presents as well practical examples of relations between traditional and networking organizations. The suggested further research into the issue has been outlined in the text.

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Ghidotti, Anna, Andrea Vitali, Daniele Regazzoni, Miri Weiss Cohen i Caterina Rizzi. "A Comparison of CNN Models for Automated Femur Segmentation Based on DICOM Images". W ASME 2023 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2023-116427.

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Abstract Segmentation of anatomical components is a critical step in creating accurate and realistic 3D models of the human body, which are employed in a wide range of clinical applications, particularly in orthopedics. Recently, many deep learning approaches have been proposed to solve the problem of manual segmentation. Among the available software for automatic segmentation, MONAI Label is a free open-source tool, which allows for the creation of annotated datasets and the development of AI-based annotation models for clinical assessment. In this context, the present study is designed to compare the performance of two well-known neural networks in segmenting knee bones. In spite of the fact that several studies have investigated the use of deep learning techniques for knee reconstruction, there is no consensus regarding the most effective method. In the present study, validation metrics are selected in order to assess the accuracy of the automated segmentation models in comparison with the ground truth data. Magnetic resonance images of 31 patients have been employed for the study. As result, U-Net shows better performance than the SegResNet in the automatic femur segmentation task.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Consensus development conferences"

Research and development of methods and tools for achieving and maintaining consensus processes in the face of change within and among government oversight agencies. Papers, presentations, and conferences for period October 1, 1992--March 31, 1994, Volume II. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), czerwiec 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10166684.

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Political Consensus Building: The Brasilia International Conference on the Millennium Development Goals in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, styczeń 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006786.

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The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, the Inter-American Development Bank, the United Nations Development Program and the World Bank reiterated their support for the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean to establish the basis for a renewed political consensus focused on achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). On November 16 and 17, 2003 in the City of Brasilia, the four multilateral agencies joined the government of Brazil in sponsoring an international conference bringing together high-level representatives of governments, parliaments and civil society organizations in the region, and the international community. This publication presents the main conclusions of that meeting, which are expressed in the Brasilia Declaration, a proposal for implementing the MDGs in the region. It also includes the statements made by each of the four heads of state who attended the event, extracts of presentations by high-level representatives of the international institutions that organized the event, and a summary report highlighting the main issues raised during the conference.

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Investing in a Sustainable Future: Inter-American Development Bank Support for the Goals of the Santa Cruz de La Sierra Summit. Inter-American Development Bank, grudzień 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008818.

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For Latin America and the Caribbean, sustainable development encompasses the broad objectives of our societies: sustainable economic development based on modernization, openness and competitiveness; greater social justice achieved through reductions in current levels of poverty, increased investments in human capital to create new opportunities, and improvements in the distribution of income; democratic institutions that respect human rights, as well as the participation of citizens in the political process and the quest for a national consensus on the future of our societies; and equitable growth that improves the quality of life and respects our natural resources in the cities and rural areas. This document contains the IDB's response to the call of action to the Conference on Sustainable Development in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.

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Day of Dialogue on Contraceptive Methods for Today and Tomorrow: Developments, Prospects, and Issues. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1039.

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This “aide-memoire” records the substance of the presentations and discussions of a Day of Dialogue—spanning two half-days on June 20–21, 1994—among representatives of the European donor community and the Population Council on “Contraceptive Methods for Today and Tomorrow: Developments, Prospects, and Issues.” The discussion covered how contraceptives are developed, prospects for new technology, areas of controversy surrounding current and potential methods, and ways to improve the process. This is the third Day of Dialogue the Population Council has been instrumental in organizing. The format for these meetings is simple and informal: Population Council staff and invited experts from other organizations give brief presentations. This is followed by far-ranging discussions over the course of the day. By design, no consensus is reached or set of recommendations circulated. An aide-memoire sent to all participants is the meeting’s record of comments, proposals, and suggestions for follow-up action. The June 20–21 participants saw the dialogue as a mechanism to elucidate for European donors some of the important issues to be discussed at the International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in September 1994, and other upcoming international meetings.

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Lactational amenhorrhoea method for birth spacing in Uttar Pradesh, India: Supporting technical data. Population Council, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1996.1014.

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Following the International Population and Development Conference in Cairo, there has been widespread consensus in the international community that family planning (FP) programs must be people-centered and focus not just on contraception, but on the reproductive health (RH) of men and women throughout their lives. This policy brief reviews the research and policy implications of promoting the Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) as a component of FP counseling in India. The Government of India and the Population Council are using a pregnancy-based approach in Uttar Pradesh to improve the delivery of FP services through the rural primary health care system. Introducing pregnant women and their families to LAM offers a number of health benefits for mother and child. It promotes breastfeeding, which benefits the mother by reducing risk of postpartum hemorrhage and lowering risk of breast and ovarian cancers. The benefits to the fully breastfed infant include protection from hypothermia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and infections, in addition to nutritional advantages. Breastfeeding reduces postpartum fertility, thus delaying the need to use other contraceptive methods. LAM introduces couples to the concept of nonpermanent contraception and child spacing in a culturally acceptable way.

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