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McMillan, Jacqueline M., Hartmut B. Krentz, M. John Gill i David B. Hogan. "An Emerging Concern—High Rates of Frailty among Middle-aged and Older Individuals Living with HIV". Canadian Geriatrics Journal 22, nr 4 (2.12.2019): 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5770/cgj.22.387.
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Background The aim of the present study was to calculate a frailty index (FI) in older adults (≥50) living with HIV, search for cross-sectional associations with the FI, and investigate the association between the FI score and two-year mortality. Methods Cross-sectional study with a short-term prospective com-ponent for the determination of two-year mortality was performed. The study took place in an HIV outpatient clinic in Calgary, Canada between November 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018. Over 700 patients 50 years of age or older took part. We calculated a FI for each patient, examined associations between FI and select patient characteristics, and evaluated the association between FI value and two-year mortality.Results The mean FI was 0.303 (± 0.128). Mean FI did not differ between males and females, nor was it associated with either nadir or current CD4 cell count. It did increase with age, duration of ART, and duration of diagnosed HIV infection. Mean FI was higher among those who died compared to survivors (0.351 vs. 0.301; p=.033). ConclusionsFrailty is highly prevalent in persons living with HIV and associated with a higher mortality rate. Health-care providers should be aware of the earlier occurrence of frailty in adults living with HIV.
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Sands, John Stephen, Kirsten Nicole Rae i David Gadenne. "An empirical investigation on the links within a sustainability balanced scorecard (SBSC) framework and their impact on financial performance". Accounting Research Journal 29, nr 2 (4.07.2016): 154–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-04-2015-0065.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the feasibility of integrating the social, environmental and innovation processes within the four-perspective sustainability balanced scorecard (SBSC) model by determining the extent of linkages between and within the four SBSC perspectives. Design/methodology/approach A survey collected responses from senior management and middle management of large Australian companies. Findings The findings support several positive significant associations. Direct associations are found between value-creating processes within the internal process perspective. These results support the feasibility of integrating environmental, social and innovation-orientated value-creating process into the internal process of the four-perspective SBSC model. The results also provide evidence about the extent to which direct or indirect associations exist between the four SBSC perspectives: first, direct association of human capital (learning and growth perspective) with value-creating processes (internal processes perspective); second, direct association of value-creating (internal processes perspective) with customer value (customer perspective); and third, direct and indirect associations of value-creating (internal processes perspective) with financial performance (FP; financial perspective). Research limitations/implications Several limitations are acknowledged related to cross-sectional data, senior and middle managers’ perceptions and assumptions underpinning structural equation modelling. Practical implications The implications for practice from this study concern how organisational management should relate to their stakeholders while providing value in their FP. Social implications These associations reflect the influence of stakeholders’ recognised needs on process and product innovation. These needs highlight the benefits of focusing on future-orientated environmental budgets and ongoing employee training that lead to customer value and FP. Originality/value This is an initial in-depth study of a four-perspective SBSC model that provides an effective means of integrating social, environmental and innovation processes within the traditional four SBSC perspectives.
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Koehler, Jonathan. "“Soul Is But Harmony”: David Josef Bach and the Workers' Symphony Concert Association, 1905–1918". Austrian History Yearbook 39 (kwiecień 2008): 66–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0667237808000059.
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Ifhigh culture, asTheodorAdornoonce proposed, promises a reality that does not exist, why, at the fin de siècle, did it hold such great attraction for Central Europe's populist politicians who were most attuned to the realities of everyday life? The answer, at least for imperial Austria, is that those politicians believed high culture to possess an integrative social function, which forced them to reconcile notions of “high” culture with “mass” culture. This was particularly true in Vienna, where the city's public performance venues for art, music, stage theater, and visual art stood as monuments to the values that the liberal middle classes had enshrined in the 1867 Constitution. A literate knowledge of this cultural system—its canon of symphonic music; the literature of tragedy, drama, and farce; and classical and contemporary genres of painting—was essential for civic participation in an era of liberal political and cultural hegemony. This article examines one cultural association that attempted to exploit the interaction between German high culture and two spheres, which are commonly thought to stand at odds with elite, high culture: popular culture and mass politics. Rather than a simple, cultural divide, this relationship created a contested “terrain of political and social conflict” in the decades preceding World War I. This terrain was of enormous consequence for Viennese of every social class.
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Tarasova, Galina Konstantinovna. "The Art of Learning". Culture. Art. Education, nr 3 (24.04.2023): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2949-1762-2023-2-1-106-116.
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The article examines the pedagogical situation, the main content of which is communication with students who have a weak motivation to study. The problem is caused by the discrepancy between natural giftedness and the amount of work invested, which is appropriate for the development of a young musician's creative potential. The article considers elements of psychotechnology that contribute to the growth of motivation for professionally oriented educational activities. Its effective character is proved, leading to self-actualization and overcoming doubts, which is due to many factors: the achievement of like-mindedness between the student and the mentor, the establishing of new meanings of life, the determination of the value of the art of learning in building an image of the desired future, understanding of one’s way of thinking and its possible transformation. The educational significance of the association “Our Creative Workshop” and the participation of students in musical and educational concert projects is determined.
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Porr, Martin. "Palaeolithic Art as Cultural Memory: a Case Study of the Aurignacian Art of Southwest Germany". Cambridge Archaeological Journal 20, nr 1 (27.01.2010): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774310000065.
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This article examines aspects of social memory in the Aurignacian mobiliary art of southwest Germany. An analytical distinction is introduced between cultural and communicative memory with different characteristics and functions in Palaeolithic social life. It is argued that the statuettes are reflections of cultural memory, but also stood in a complex and unstable relationship with the flexible conditions of everyday life. The figurative objects are not passive reproductions of collective ideas. Rather, they have to be seen as products of an active individual and intense concern with the field of meanings and associations of cultural memory, and consequently represent individual variations of a socially shared meaningful ideology
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Araghian, Roya, i Behzad Ghonsooly. "The relationship between burnout and personality". Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 64, nr 5-6 (31.12.2018): 840–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00075.ara.
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Abstract This study is an attempt to address the issue of examining the relationship between burnout and personality among translation students. Recent trends in student/academic burnout have led to a proliferation of studies which have heightened the need for the exploration of this construct that is well-grounded in personality influences. Despite increasing concern over these two concepts, no report has been found so far surveying their association within the translation discipline. To this end, 73 Iranian translation students completed a 33-item student translator burnout scale and the 44-item Big Five Inventory of Personality. This was also accomplished by building a causal structural model through which the associations among these constructs were estimated. The results demonstrated that the proposed model has a good overall fit with the empirical data. Findings further provide evidence that there are significant correlations between agreeableness, neuroticism, and burnout.
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Craiutu, Aurelian. "FROM THE SOCIAL CONTRACT TO THE ART OF ASSOCIATION: A TOCQUEVILLIAN PERSPECTIVE". Social Philosophy and Policy 25, nr 2 (2.06.2008): 263–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052508080266.
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In the United States, the debate on civil associations has coincided with the revival of interest in the writings of Alexis de Tocqueville, particularly Democracy in America (1835; 1840) in which he praised the Americans' propensity to form civil and political associations. Tocqueville regarded these associations as laboratories of democracy that teach citizens the art of being free and give them the opportunity to pursue their own interests in concert with others. Tocqueville's views on political and civil associations cannot be properly understood unless we also take into account the larger intellectual and political background of his native France. The main sections of this essay examine Tocqueville's analysis of civil and political associations in America. Special attention is paid to the strong relationship between democracy and civil and political associations and the effects that they have on promoting democratic citizenship, civility, and self-government.
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Oboh, Mary Aigbiremo, Daouda Ndiaye, Hiasindh Ashmi Antony, Aida Sadikh Badiane, Upasana Shyamsunder Singh, Nazia Anwar Ali, Praveen Kumar Bharti i Aparup Das. "Status of Artemisinin Resistance in Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum from Molecular Analyses of the Kelch13 Gene in Southwestern Nigeria". BioMed Research International 2018 (3.10.2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2305062.
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Evolution and spread of malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum capable of evading antimalarials are the prime concern to malaria control. The currently effective drug, artemisinin (ART), is under threat due to detection of ART-resistant P. falciparum parasites in the Southeast Asian countries. It has been shown that amino acid (AA) mutations at the P. falciparum Kelch13 (Pfk13) gene provide resistance to ART. Nigeria, a part of the Sub-Saharan Africa, is highly endemic to malaria, contributing quite significantly to malaria, and resistance to chloroquine (CQ) and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) combination drugs has already been reported. Since artemisinin combined therapy (ACT) is the first-line drug for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Nigeria and five amino acid mutations have been validated in the Pfk13 gene alongside with candidate mutations for ART resistance, we performed molecular surveillance for mutations (following PCR and DNA sequence analyses) in this gene from two southwestern states of Nigeria. Statistical analyses of DNA sequences were also performed following different evolutionary models. None of the different validated and candidate AA mutations of Pfk13 gene conferring resistance to ART could be detected in P. falciparum sampled in the two southwestern states of Nigeria. In addition, DNA sequencing and sequence analyses indicated neither evolutionary selection pressure on the Pfk13 gene nor association of mutations in Pfk13 gene with mutations of other three genes conferring resistance to CQ and SP. Therefore, based on the monomorphism at the Pfk13 gene and nonassociation of mutations of this gene with mutations in three other drug-resistant genes in malaria parasite P. falciparum, it can be proposed that malaria public health is not under immediate threat in southwestern Nigeria concerning ART resistance.
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STEINBECK, PAUL. "“Area by Area the Machine Unfolds”: The Improvisational Performance Practice of the Art Ensemble of Chicago". Journal of the Society for American Music 2, nr 3 (18.07.2008): 397–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752196308080127.
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AbstractSince their emergence from the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians (AACM) in the 1960s, the members of the Art Ensemble of Chicago have created a distinctive multi-disciplinary performance practice centered on collective improvisation. In this article, I conceptualize Art Ensemble improvisations as networks of group interactions, and I analyze an excerpt from a 1972 Art Ensemble concert recording using a phenomenological perspective informed by my conversations with the group about the performance and by my own experience as an improvised-music practitioner. The analysis focuses on the integration of composed material into the improvisatory process, the functions of stylistic diversity and multi-instrumentalism in Art Ensemble performance practice, and the interactive roles played by Lester Bowie, Roscoe Mitchell, Joseph Jarman, Malachi Favors, and Don Moye.
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Williamson, Mary F. "Education for art and culture librarianship in Canada". Art Libraries Journal 19, nr 2 (1994): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200008786.
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The ongoing economic recession together with redirection of dwindling educational resources towards the sciences, with less and less for culture, appears to some Canadian art librarians to be marginalizing art library collections and art librarianship. In any case, the current cultural climate invites a broader definition of ‘art’ that encompasses multiculturalism. Another source of concern is the increasing emphasis in our library schools on training information generalists, although the schools are simply addressing workplace preoccupations with technical and administrative skills. It can be more satisfying to teach art librarianship to practising librarians than to students of librarianship with differing backgrounds, expectations and motivation. In Canada, there is a need for art library associations to be instruments of positive change, by offering courses and workshops, and especially by taking advantage of teleconferencing methods to extend educational programs to librarians and students across the country.
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Sorensen, Vibeke. "Art, Life and Media Merge". Lumina 11, nr 2 (30.08.2017): 3–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34019/1981-4070.2017.v11.21447.
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In this essay, we look at some of the principal issues raised by advancements in digital technology in the light of global issues today, reflecting on our engagement with these issues through a range of artworks, from the 1970s to projects in progress. The works explore the potential of art to catalyze harmonious relations between life on earth and emerging technologies, in diverse fields such as digital multimedia and animation, interactive architectural installation, networked visual-music, plant-human interaction and ecology, social media, health and well-being, and wearable transmedia technologies. In these interactions, the artworks foreground our individual and collective experiences of interconnectedness, in our associations with technology as well as in our common interests and concerns as living species. They are based on an understanding of art as an essential form of mental and physical communication, and arise out of a deep concern — for the future of human and all other forms of life, and for the future of the planet. Through these reflections, the essay argues for and stresses the need for a responsible, ethical, humanistic, compassionate, and environmentally conscious approach to art and life in the Anthropocene.
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Veale, David. "Cognitive–behavioural therapy for body dysmorphic disorder". Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 7, nr 2 (marzec 2001): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.7.2.125.
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The DSM–IV classification of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) refers to an individual's preoccupation with an ‘imagined’ defect in his or her appearance or markedly excessive concern with a slight physical anomaly (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). An Italian psychiatrist, Morselli, first used the term ‘dysmorphophobia’ in 1886, although it is now falling into disuse, probably because ICD–10 (World Health Organization, 1992) has discarded it, subsuming the condition under hypochondriacal disorder.
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Ming Ming, Ng, Karniza Khalid, Amalina Anuar i Mohd Azhar Mohd Yasin. "Relationships between Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence with Personality Traits and Presence of Psychological Distress among Adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Northwest Peninsular Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study". Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 18, nr 5 (15.09.2022): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.18.5.8.
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Introduction: Treatment adherence with antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its related factors have hitherto been the subject of clinical concern. However, research focusing on the relationships between ART adherence and the presence of psychological distress and selected personality traits have yet to be concluded. Therefore, our study aimed to remedy this. Methods: A multicentre hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in northwest Peninsular Malaysia on HIV outpatients given ART from July 1st, 2018, till April 31st, 2020. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling. Data were collected through an interviewer-guided questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Zuckerman-Kuhlman personality test (ZKPQ-M-40-CC), and interviewer-guided Timeline Follow-back (TLFB) for the assessment of adherence to ART. Results: A total of 229 patients completed the study. Majority (n=220, 96.1%) were considered adherent to ART. Among those who were non-adherent, two (22.2%) had anxiety disorder and five (55.6%) had depressive disorder. There was no significant association between treatment adherence and the presence of anxiety nor depression. However, sociodemographic factors determined that age group (p=0.033) and marital status (p=0.044) were significantly associated with treatment adherence. Multivariate analysis determined that ‘Active’ personality trait increases the likelihood to better treatment adherence by 1.14 times (95% CI: 1.02, 1.28, p=0.018). Conclusion: We did not find any association between treatment adherence and the presence of anxiety or depression. However, higher scores in ‘Active’ personality trait increases the likelihood of better treatment adherence among adult HIV on ART.
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Ford, Judy Ann. "Art and Identity in the Parish Communities of Late Medieval Kent". Studies in Church History 28 (1992): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400012468.
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Historians have long been aware that patronage is a crucial factor in interpreting the social meaning of art. The late Middle Ages knew a variety of patrons, each employing art to communicate different sorts of concern: royal and aristocratic courts emphasized political messages, urban communes created governmental myths, cathedrals and monasteries gave expression to spiritual ideas—and all used art to convey notions of social identity. Recent investigations into the process of choosing and procuring works of art in these contexts have not only added perspective to formal art criticism, they have also deepened our understanding of the groups interested in the creation of art. One area in which questions of patronage could perhaps be better illuminated is the community of the parish. The parish served as the primary religious community for the majority of men and women for most of the Middle Ages. It was complex in composition, involving both laity and clergy, encompassing other religious associations, such as gilds, and including the devout and the indifferent, the orthodox and the dissenters.
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Fleming, Jodie M., Gwenaëlle Desury, Tiffany A. Polanco i Wendie S. Cohick. "Insulin Growth Factor-I and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors Recruit Distinct Upstream Signaling Molecules to Enhance AKT Activation in Mammary Epithelial Cells". Endocrinology 147, nr 12 (1.12.2006): 6027–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2006-0349.
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IGF-I and epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulate both normal mammary epithelial cell (MEC) growth and tumorigenesis. Whereas both growth factors increase DNA synthesis in MECs, how they evoke a greater response in combination when they activate similar signaling pathways remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the signaling pathways by which these mitogens act in concert to increase DNA synthesis. Only EGF activated the MAPK pathway, and no further increase in MAPK activation was observed when both mitogens were added together. Both growth factors activated the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase pathway, and simultaneous treatment enhanced phosphorylation of both AKT and its downstream target, p70S6K. The enhanced activation of AKT was observed at multiple time points (5 and 15 min) and growth factor concentrations (2.5–100 ng/ml). IGF-I activated AKT via insulin receptor substrate-1 and p85, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. Treatment with EGF had no effect on insulin receptor substrate-1; however, it activated the EGF receptor, SHC, and c-Src. EGF treatment caused the association of SHC with Grb2 and Gab2 with phospho-SHC, phospho-Gab1, Grb2, and p85. Interestingly, inhibition of Src activation blocked the ability of EGF, but not IGF-I, to activate AKT. This corresponded with a decrease in phosphorylation of the EGF receptor and its association with phospho-SHC as well as downstream signaling. Unexpectedly, inhibition of Src increased basal MAPK activation. This is the first study to show that EGF and IGF-I use separate upstream components within a given MEC line to enhance AKT phosphorylation, contributing to increased DNA synthesis.
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Shurul Azwa Shuhaimi i Haliza Abdul Rahman. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SCHOOLBAG WEIGHT AND BACK PAIN AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOLCHILDREN IN KAJANG, SELANGOR". Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, Special1 (1.08.2020): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.special1/art.672.
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These days, there is a growing concern that schoolchildren are carrying too heavy school back on their backs. The use of a back pack is the most important factor causing low back pain among students. Thus, a cross sectional study was conducted on 81 schoolchildren from two different types of primary school in Kajang, Selangor. The objective of this paper is to determine the association between schoolbag weight and back pain among primary schoolchildren in Kajang, Selangor. For the method, respondents’ body weight and their schoolbag weight were measured using the electronic body composition OMRON and KERN weighing scale respectively, while the height was measured using Body Meter Seca 208cm. Back pain in the past one week was assessed using questionnaire, adapted from previous studies. This studied involving 81 primary schoolchildren from two types of school which were government and private school. 74.1% of schoolchildren had the schoolbag weight more than 10% of their body weight. 32.1% of schoolchildren reported having back pain and 21.0% of them were female respondents. Back pain was detected in 24.7% government schoolchildren and 7.4% private schoolchildren. There was significant association between back pain and; relative weight (x2=9.720, p=0.002) and types of school (x2=4.949, p=0.026). As conclusion, schoolchildren that carry schoolbag heavier than that generally recommended which is not more than 10% of body weight will experienced the back pain
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Shelley, Julia, Alison Venn i Judith Lumley. "LONG-TERM EFFECTS ON WOMEN OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 15, nr 1 (styczeń 1999): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462399015159.
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The long-term health sequelae for women from assisted reproductive technology (ART) have not been studied extensively. There are a number of reasons that women's health may be compromised after ART procedures, including the consequences of the increased incidence of multiple births, operative deliveries, and preterm infants, the possible adverse effects of the drug regimens used for ovarian stimulation, and the instrumentation involved in ART procedures. In this paper we review the existing literature in these areas. It emphasizes the effects of the drugs used for ovarian stimulation, and in particular the incidence of cancer among women who have undergone ART. The review indicates that there is cause for concern about the long-term effects on women from ART treatments. It highlights the lack of research undertaken in almost all areas related to women's long-term health after ART. In the area of ART and cancer, it draws attention to the lack of conclusive evidence in relation to the posited association between fertility treatments and cancer, resulting from the limited number of very large studies and the need for longer follow-up periods. We make a number of recommendations regarding further research that is needed to address the current shortcomings in the published literature.
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Todd, Patricia. "Employer and Employer Association Matters in 2010". Journal of Industrial Relations 53, nr 3 (czerwiec 2011): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185611402009.
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In 2010 much of the activity in industrial relations for employers and employer associations was focused on transitioning to and complying with the Fair Work Act 2009. The issues identified by employer associations as being of most concern have varied. For many in the services sector, as well as in small businesses in other sectors, the focus has been on the impact of the modern awards; while in industries such as mining, construction and manufacturing, bargaining and agreement-making have been of a higher order of priority. There have been numerous other IR matters also occupying employers’ time, including the proposed amendments to the building industry inspectorate’s powers, which remain in ‘limbo’. Towards the end of the year, serious concerns about the supply of skilled labour arose again, which, together with the enhanced union bargaining capacity provided by the Fair Work Act, suggests that employers may expect more ‘hard bargaining’ in some sectors in 2011.
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Xuan, Ping, Lianfeng Zhao, Tiangang Zhang, Yilin Ye i Yan Zhang. "Inferring Drug-Related Diseases Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Gated Recurrent Unit". Molecules 24, nr 15 (25.07.2019): 2712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152712.
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Predicting novel uses for drugs using their chemical, pharmacological, and indication information contributes to minimizing costs and development periods. Most previous prediction methods focused on integrating the similarity and association information of drugs and diseases. However, they tended to construct shallow prediction models to predict drug-associated diseases, which make deeply integrating the information difficult. Further, path information between drugs and diseases is important auxiliary information for association prediction, while it is not deeply integrated. We present a deep learning-based method, CGARDP, for predicting drug-related candidate disease indications. CGARDP establishes a feature matrix by exploiting a variety of biological premises related to drugs and diseases. A novel model based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) is constructed to learn the local and path representations for a drug-disease pair. The CNN-based framework on the left of the model learns the local representation of the drug-disease pair from their feature matrix. As the different paths have discriminative contributions to the drug-disease association prediction, we construct an attention mechanism at the path level to learn the informative paths. In the right part, a GRU-based framework learns the path representation based on path information between the drug and the disease. Cross-validation results indicate that CGARDP performs better than several state-of-the-art methods. Further, CGARDP retrieves more real drug-disease associations in the top part of the prediction result that are of concern to biologists. Case studies on five drugs demonstrate that CGARDP can discover potential drug-related disease indications.
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Даценко, Юрий Сергеевич. "ОСОБЕННОСТИ И РАЗЛИЧИЯ АБИОТИЧЕСКИХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ ЭКОСИСТЕМ ОЗЕР И ВОДОХРАНИЛИЩ (ОБЗОР)". Российский журнал прикладной экологии, nr 1 (25.03.2022): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/2411-7374.2022.1.39.47.
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Интенсивность и направленность процессов круговорота вещества и энергии в водоемах замедленного водообмена в значительной степени зависят от особенностей действия абиотических факторов функционирования экосистем. Разнообразие проявления этих факторов в озерах и водохранилищах определяется географическим положением водного объекта, морфологическими характеристиками его ложа и степенью антропогенного влияния на водоем. В работе анализируются закономерности географического распределения озер и водохранилищ и их влияние на интенсивность продукционно-деструкционных процессов. В табличной форме представлены различия абиотических факторов в озерах и водохранилищах, связанных с географической зональностью. В качестве этих факторов рассматриваются гидрологический и гидрохимический режим водоемов. Гидрологические факторы включают структуру водного баланса, интенсивность внешнего водообмена, колебания уровня воды, величина водного притока и стока и температура воды. В качестве важнейших гидрохимических факторов рассматриваются величины нагрузки взвешенными растворенными веществами. Влияние морфологических характеристик анализируются на основе особенностей генезиса озер и водохранилищ. К основным особенностям абиотических воздействий в экосистемах в этом случае из элементов гидрологического режима относятся гидрологическая структура водных масс, характеристики гравитационной неустойчивости вод, термическая стратификация в периоды стагнации, оптические свойства водных масс. Из анализируемых гидрохимических характеристик рассматриваются закономерности содержания и распределения биогенных и органических веществ и растворенного кислорода в озерах и водохранилищах. Отмечается, что выявленные различия привели к необходимости корректировки для водохранилищ широко распространенных озерных балансовых полуэмпирических моделей эвтрофирования.
Библиографические ссылки
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Roberts, Glenn A. "Prevention of burn-out". Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 3, nr 5 (wrzesień 1997): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.3.5.282.
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There is a widespread concern that the medical profession is itself sick. This is represented in professional disillusionment and demoralisation, an increasing inclination to consider leaving the profession, and the ill-health of its practitioners in terms of their mental health, marriages and use of drugs and alcohol (British Medical Association, 1992). These trends have been attributed, at least in part, to protracted job stress and dissatisfaction, which may in turn be a major determinant in the quality of health care (Caplan, 1994). Although these issues have been cautiously acknowledged for some time, the concept of ‘burn-out’ has provided an opportunity for more open acceptance and creative debate.
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Rietveld, A. B. M. (BONI). "Genees & Kunst: Den Haag, October 1, 2005". Medical Problems of Performing Artists 21, nr 1 (1.03.2006): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2006.1007.
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On October 1st, 2005, a festive symposium Genees & Kunst (Medicine & Art) was organized at the Medical Centre of The Hague (MCH Westeinde), forming a joint celebration of the 12 1/2 year jubilee of the Medical Centre for Dancers & Musicians and the first inaugural member assembly of the Dutch Performing Arts Medicine Association (NVDMG). The medical and psychological presentations, interspersed with dance performances and music recitals, were followed by a reception and concert. [includes Abstracts of 5 presentations and photographs of events].
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Visvanathan, Gnanakumar. "Audit Committee Accounting Expertise and Audit Quality – the Case of Going-Concern Opinions". Accounting and Finance Research 10, nr 3 (5.07.2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v10n3p27.
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This study examines whether audit committee accounting expertise and other audit committee characteristics promote or deter the likelihood of receiving going-concern reports from the auditors and whether such characteristics shield auditors from dismissals after the issuance of a going-concern report. The study finds no significant association between the likelihood of a going-concern report and audit committee accounting expertise or other audit committee characteristics. No significant association is also found for auditor dismissals following going-concern reports and audit committee accounting expertise. These results contrast with prior literature that examined data preceding the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (hereafter SOX) or the period immediately thereafter. Additional analysis shows that audit committee accounting expertise is found to improve the information in going-concern audit opinions by reducing Type I errors, however. Overall, these findings shed light on the evolving role of audit committees in overseeing the auditors and have implications for regulators interested in improving audit quality and investors interested in improving the effectiveness of audit committees.
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Burchmore, Alex. "The aesthetics of export in Chinese art outside China". Journal of Contemporary Chinese Art 9, nr 1 (1.07.2022): 19–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jcca_00054_1.
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This article counters the prevailing and frequently disparaging economic and diplomatic associations of the term ‘export’ in discussions of contemporary Chinese art, and especially those artists who live and work outside China. Drawing attention to the previously underacknowledged political, social and affective aspects of this term, the article offers a new reading of foundational works by Huang Yong Ping (1954‐2019), resident in Paris from 1989 until his death; Ni Haifeng (b. 1964), resident in Amsterdam since 1994; and Cai Guo-Qiang (b. 1957), resident in Tokyo from 1986 to 1995, then subsequently in New York. The article also highlights a concern shared by these artists with the persistence of colonial legacies in contemporary global capital, the connections uniting past and present modes of production and consumption and the essentializing impulses of chinoiserie, Pan-Asianism and related cultural trends. The combined study of these themes is intended to introduce a renewed focus on contexts of display and interpretation, and material, subjective and affective dimensions of meaning, to our understanding of these canonical works.
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Грачёва, С. М. "Creative and exhibition activities of the International Association of Artists — Descendants of Noble Families in Saint Petersburg". Iskusstvo Evrazii [The Art of Eurasia], nr 3(30) (30.09.2023): 128–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46748/arteuras.2023.03.010.
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Одной из актуальных проблем отечественного искусствознания остается изучение явлений современной художественной жизни, многие из которых пребывают вне поля внимания авторов, пишущих об искусстве. В настоящее время художники нечасто организуют объединения, поскольку гораздо больше распространен индивидуализм, однако бывают и исключения. В 2022 году исполнилось двадцать лет петербургской Ассоциации художников — потомков дворянских родов, в составе которой более двадцати человек. Деятельность этой организации развивается по нескольким направлениям. Ассоциацию волнуют пересечения художественных направлений ленинградского-петербургского изобразительного искусства второй половины XX – XXI века. Поставив перед собой задачи расширения культурного пространства, она сотрудничает со многими современными авторами, продолжающими традиции ленинградского-петербургского искусства. Важной проблемой, требующей решения, становится и переосмысление русской истории. В статье оценивается деятельность ассоциации, ее вклад в художественную культуру, рассматривается творчество крупнейших ее представителей в контексте развития современного петербургского искусства, проанализированы основные произведения, представленные на выставках этого художественного объединения последних лет. Новизна исследования заключается в том, что впервые предпринята попытка комплексного изучения творчества представителей Ассоциации художников — потомков дворянских родов с целью определения их вклада в современное искусство. There is the International Association of Artists-Descendants of Noble Families in Saint Petersburg, which includes more than twenty members. In 2022, it turns 20 years old. The initiator of this artistic association is the Saint Petersburg muralist, icon painter V.V. Zavaritsky. The Association includes artists V.V. Afanasyev, N.S. Danilevsky, O.A. Ivashintsova, A.A. Ivashintsova, D.D. Ivashintsov, V.N. Pitanin, N.I. Rein, K.A. Troitsky, B.E. Engelhardt and others. Some authors, such as Z.P. Arshakuni, G.S. Bogomolov, V.V. Vatenin, Ya.I. Krestovsky, L.K. Lazarev, K.V. Vyshpolskaya, K.A. Troitsky, V.Ya. Trubetskaya, L.Ya. Trubetskaya even posthumously continue to be listed in the Association, what, of course, emphasizes the noble intentions of the organizers are to preserve the names of the departed colleagues in the history of art. These are such artists as Z.P. Arshakuni, G.S. Bogomolov, V.V. Vatenin, Ya.I. Krestovsky, L.K. Lazarev, K.V. Vyshpolskaya, K.A. Troitsky, V.Ya. Trubetskaya, L.Ya. Trubetskaya. The Association of Artists-Descendants of Noble Families unites artists of different origins, periodically inviting authors who have not yet joined this association. That is, conceptual and aesthetic program solutions of expositions are more important than the principle of selecting participants solely by origin. The Association's activities are developing in several directions. The reflections of various artistic trends of the Leningrad-Petersburg fine art of the second half of the 20th to the 21st century have great importance. The Association constantly sets itself the task of expanding the cultural space, so it cooperates with many contemporary authors who continue the traditions of Leningrad-Petersburg art. An important problem of her activity is the rethinking of Russian history. Throughout its activities, it strives for the revival and affirmation of spiritual and moral humanistic ideas, the vivid embodiment of which they see in the culture of pre-revolutionary Russia. Not only the origin of the authors is important, but also the high artistic level of the works presented, as well as their semantic content associated with upholding high spiritual ideals, Christian moral positions and careful attitude to the past of Russia. The exhibitions of the Association of Artists-Descendants of Noble Families strive to actualize many pressing problems related to modern spiritual life, understanding of traditions and attitude to the historical past, for which one can be grateful to them. The authors are not just collectively sad about the departed “Belle Époque”, but also express their concern about the state of today's time. The article analyzes the exhibition of the Association in Saint Petersburg called “Let every breath praise the Lord!”.
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Kamalruzzaman, Mohammad Syukran, Sharkawi Che Din, Anuar Mohd Yusof i Nik Atilla Atasha Shamsuddin. "State of Art of the Persuasive Technology using Social Media for Behaviour Change in Malaysia". Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 6, SI6 (18.10.2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6isi6.3035.
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Persuasive technology is an evolving form of behaviour change agent that is becoming more popular with the emergence of social media. In 2020, 81% of Malaysians are active social media users who contribute to the escalation of behavioural changes using online platforms. This paper provides a verifiable review of 10 years of persuasive technology using social media for Malaysian healthcare and behavioural changes with the concern to (1) reviewing the effectiveness of persuasive technology using social media to behaviour changes, (2) outlining the technology methods, research methods, strategies, theories and targeted behaviour (3) stating the issues regarding the studied persuasive technologies and (4) highlighting the future research recommendation. Keywords: Persuasive technology, behavioural change, social media eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI6.3035
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FABBRI, FRANCO. "Orchestral Manoeuvres in the 1970s: l’Orchestra Co-operative, 1974–1983". Popular Music 26, nr 3 (październik 2007): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143007001353.
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AbstractL’Orchestra, a cooperative established in 1974/75, based in Milan, Italy, was a unique organisation, involving musicians, sound and lighting engineers, music critics and teachers, and concert managers. It was started as a kind of artists’ union, a federation of folk, rock, political song, jazz, avant-garde groups, but in a few months it became a concert agency and a record company; it held music courses for amateurs and published music tutorials; it helped managing the first multipurpose art/social centre in Milan. L’Orchestra promoted studies along various disciplinary perspectives (sociology, music education, ideological criticism, semiotics) that in some respects embody and in others help explain the development of popular music studies and of the International Association for the Study of Popular Music (IASPM) in Italy.
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Huang, Wei-Chien, i Ching-Chow Chen. "Akt Phosphorylation of p300 at Ser-1834 Is Essential for Its Histone Acetyltransferase and Transcriptional Activity". Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, nr 15 (1.08.2005): 6592–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.15.6592-6602.2005.
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ABSTRACT The PI3K/Akt pathway plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression induced by numerous stimuli. p300, a transcriptional coactivator, acts in concert with transcription factors to facilitate gene expression. Here, we show that Akt is activated and translocated to the nucleus in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha. Nuclear Akt associates with p300 and phosphorylates its Ser-1834 both in vivo and in vitro. The phosphorylation induces recruitment of p300 to the ICAM-1 promoter, leading to the acetylation of histones in chromatin and association with the basal transcriptional machinery RNA polymerase II. These two events facilitate ICAM-1 gene expression and are abolished by the p300 S1834A mutant, inhibitors of PI3K/Akt, or small interfering RNA of Akt. Histone acetylation is attributed to the Akt-enhanced intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity of p300 and its association with another HAT, p/CAF. Our study provides a new insight into the molecular mechanism by which Akt promotes the transcriptional potential of p300.
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Okroša, Ana Dugonjić, Tajana Silovski, Natalija Dedić Plavetić, Hrvoje Silovski, Ana Kovačić i Iva Mucalo. "Beliefs about medicines’ association with endocrine therapy adherence in early breast cancer survivors in Croatia". Acta Pharmaceutica 73, nr 4 (1.12.2023): 673–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2023-0043.
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Abstract This observational, cross-sectional study conducted at the University Hospital Centre Zagreb (UHC Zagreb) aimed to explore patients’ beliefs about adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) as well as their association with non-adherence and sociodemographic and clinical factors. Out of 420 early breast cancer (BC) patients included in the study, 79.5 % perceived AET necessary and important for their health, as measured by the Belief About Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), with the mean necessity score (20.4 ± 3.68) significantly higher than the mean concerns score (13 ± 4.81) (p < 0.001). Based on the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5), 44.4 % (n = 182) of the participants were non-adherers, out of which 63.2 % (n = 115) were unintentional and 36.8 % (n = 67) intentional non-adherers. Significantly higher concern beliefs were found among patients that were younger (p < 0.001), employed (p < 0.001), intentionally non-adherent to AET (p = 0.006), had a lower body-mass index (p = 0.005) and a higher level of education (p < 0.001), were premenopausal at the time of diagnosis (p < 0.001), taking tamoxifen treatment (p = 0.05) and receiving ovarian suppression (p < 0.001). Younger patients should be recognized as being at risk of non-adherence as they hold greater concern beliefs about medicines.
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Maksimainen, Johanna P., Tuomas Eerola i Suvi H. Saarikallio. "Ambivalent Emotional Experiences of Everyday Visual and Musical Objects". SAGE Open 9, nr 3 (lipiec 2019): 215824401987631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019876319.
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Art brings rich, pleasurable experiences to our daily lives. However, many theories of art and aesthetics focus on specific strong experiences—in the contexts of museums, galleries, and concert halls and the aesthetic perception of canonized arts—disregarding the impact of daily experiences. Furthermore, pleasure is often treated as a simplistic concept of merely positive affective character, yet recent psychological research has revealed the experience of pleasure is far more complicated. This study explored the nature of pleasure evoked by everyday aesthetic objects. A mixture of statistical and qualitative methods was applied in the analysis of the data collected through a semi-structured online survey ( N = 464). The result asserts the experience of emotional ambivalence occurred and was composed of a variety of nuanced emotions and related association, rather than just a combination of contradicting emotions. Such paradoxical pleasure is defined as a self-conscious hedonic exposure to negative emotions in art reception. The study also depicted four types of attitudinal ambivalence: loss, diversity, socio-ideology, and distance, reflecting contextual elements intertwined into experience, and the connection between ambivalence and intense emotional experience.
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de Bres, Helena. "How Association Matters for Distributive Justice". Journal of Moral Philosophy 13, nr 2 (16.03.2016): 161–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-4681054.
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Under which conditions does the relation between the levels of benefit and burden held by distinct individuals become a concern of justice? Associativists argue that principles of comparative distributive justice apply only among those persons who share some (special) form of association; humanists argue that some such principles apply among all human persons qua human persons. According to the “weak associativist” account that I defend, humanism is wrong, but so are current versions of associativism. Association is necessary if talk of comparative distributive justice is to be apt, but no special form of it is required. Whether or not principles of comparative distributive justice do in fact apply to an association will depend on whether or not the conditions for legitimate enforcement of the resulting duties are satisfied, and we can expect these conditions to be satisfied by a wide range of associative forms.
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Geiger, Marshall A., K. Raghunandan i Dasaratha V. Rama. "Recent Changes in the Association between Bankruptcies and Prior Audit Opinions". AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 24, nr 1 (1.05.2005): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2005.24.1.21.
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The intense legislative and media scrutiny after a series of high-profile corporate failures, coupled with the paradigm shift in the regulation of the auditing profession brought forth by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, suggests that auditors' decisions would be more conservative in the period after December 2001. Based on analyses of 226 financially stressed companies that entered bankruptcy during the period from 2000 to 2003, we find that auditors are more likely to issue going-concern modified audit opinions in the period after December 2001. Since the post-December 2001 period coincides with recovery from a recession in the U.S., we also examine prior audit opinions for 93 companies entering bankruptcy in 1991 and 1992. We find that auditors were also more likely to issue prior going-concern modified audit opinions in 2002–03 than in the earlier recession recovery period. Following the technique used in Francis and Krishnan (2002), we document that the increase in going-concern modification rates for bankrupt companies after December 2001 is due to changes in auditor reporting decisions and not solely due to differences in client characteristics between the time periods studied.
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Martins, Flávia, Rosa Oliveira, Bruno Cavadas, Filipe Pinto, Ana Patrícia Cardoso, Flávia Castro, Bárbara Sousa i in. "Hypoxia and Macrophages Act in Concert Towards a Beneficial Outcome in Colon Cancer". Cancers 12, nr 4 (28.03.2020): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12040818.
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In colon cancer, the prognostic value of macrophages is controversial, and it is still unknown how hypoxia modulates macrophage–cancer cell crosstalk. To unravel this, co-cultures of human primary macrophages and colon cancer cells were performed at 20% and 1% O2, followed by characterization of both cellular components. Different colon cancer patient cohorts were analyzed for hypoxia and immune markers, and their association with patient overall survival was established. A positive correlation between HIF1A and CD68 in colon cancer patients was identified but, unexpectedly, in cases with higher macrophage infiltration, HIF1A expression was associated with a better prognosis, in contrast to breast, gastric, and lung cancers. Under hypoxia, co-cultures’ secretome indicated a shift towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. These alterations occurred along with increased macrophage phagocytic activity and decreased SIRPα expression. Cancer cells were more invasive and exhibited higher CD47 expression. We hypothesize that the better prognosis associated with HIF1AHighCD68High tumors could occur due to macrophagic pro-inflammatory pressure. Indeed, we found that tumors HIF1AHighCD68High expressed increased levels of CD8A, which is positively correlated with HIF1A. In conclusion, we show that in colon cancer, hypoxia drives macrophages into a pro-inflammatory phenotype, concomitant with increased infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells, favoring better disease outcome.
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Parker, Susan, Gary F. Peters i Howard F. Turetsky. "Corporate Governance Factors and Auditor Going Concern Assessments". Review of Accounting and Finance 4, nr 3 (1.03.2005): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb043428.
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When making going concern assessments, Statement on Auditing Standards No. 59 (Auditing Standards Board 1988) directs auditors to consider the nature of management's plans and ability to mitigate periods of financial distress successfully. Corporate governance factors reflect attributes of control, oversight, and/or support of management's plans and actions intended to overcome financial distress. Correspondingly, this study investigates the impact of certain corporate governance factors on the likelihood of a going concern modification. Using survival analysis techniques, we examine a sample of 161 financially distressed firms for the time period 1988–1996. We find that auditors are twice as likely to issue a going concern modification when the CEO is replaced. We also find that going concern modifications are inversely associated with blockholder ownership. We also confirm Carcello and Neal's (2000) findings with respect to the association between an independent audit committee and an increased likelihood of modification. In a repeated events setting, we find that insider ownership and board independence are inversely associated with repeated going concern modifications. Our study concludes by proposing implications for the current financial reporting environment (including the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act of 2002) and future research avenues.
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Manisha Shrivastava*, Bhanwar Singh Meena. "A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF OBSTETRICAL OUTCOME IN ART AND SPONTANEOUS PREGNANCIES." Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science 9, nr 9 (20.09.2019): 614–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijmhs.v9i9.2645.
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Background: Infertility tends to be one of the emerging health concern withtoday’s world .It is a common condition affecting approx 8-9% ofreproductive age group. Infertility diagnosis is divided into etiologies ofovulatory dysfunction, tubal endometriosis, and uterine, unexplained andmale factors. Certain type of infertility such as severe male factors andcomplete tubal obstruction will require ART.Objective:To study obstetrical outcome in pregnancy conceived with assistedreproductive techniques .Materials and Methods: A Retrospective study was done and data wascollected of patients, who have conceived through assisted reproductivetechniques admitted and delivered at tertiary care hospital from January2017 to June 2017.Results: They were anaemia 25(24.27%) and 17(16.19%) in ART andspontaneous conception respectively (p- value<0.147), hypothyroid40(38.83%) and 14(13.33%) in ART and spontaneous conception respectively(p- value<0.0001, highly significant), chronic hypertension 27(26.21%) and4(3.81%) in ART and spontaneous conception respectively (p- value<0.0001,highly significant), DM Type-2 10(9.71%) and 0(0.00%) in ART andspontaneous conception respectively (p- value<0.280, not significant). Studyalso showed that various obstetrical complications common in ART group.They were preterm birth, PIH, Polyhydramnios, Placenta previa, APH,Oligohydromnios, PPROM, GDM, Multiple pregnancies.Conclusion: There was a significant association between obstetricalcomplications with age. Maternal pre-existing disease like anaemia, chronichypertension, hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus should be treated beforeconception, to improve maternal and perinatal outcome.Keywords: Assisted reproductive technology, SpontaneousConception,Pregnancy.
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Kao, Jennifer L., Yan Li i Wenjun Zhang. "Did SOX Influence the Association between Fee Dependence and Auditors' Propensity to Issue Going-Concern Opinions?" AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 33, nr 2 (1.12.2013): 165–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50672.
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SUMMARY: Li (2009) found that the association between fee dependence (FEEDEP) and the incidence of going-concern opinions (GCO) changed from insignificant in 2001 to positive in 2003. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that auditors became more conservative after the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). However, Feldmann and Read (2010) suggested that the year following SOX was not typical due to the intense spotlight directed at the audit profession. We revisit Li (2009) by extending the post-SOX period to 2011, and find robust results of little FEEDEP-GCO association in the years after 2003. Hence, the rise in auditor conservatism identified by Li (2009) likely represented the audit profession's temporary reaction to public scrutiny surrounding the passage of SOX, rather than a sustained movement toward more conservative going-concern reporting. Our study reinforces the notion that the effect of major events and government regulations cannot be adequately assessed based on what transpires in the short run. JEL Classifications: M420.
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Papanicolaou, Natali, i Alessandro Bonetti. "The New Frontier of Functional Genomics: From Chromatin Architecture and Noncoding RNAs to Therapeutic Targets". SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery 25, nr 6 (2.06.2020): 568–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472555220926158.
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Common diseases are complex, multifactorial disorders whose pathogenesis is influenced by the interplay of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies have interrogated genetic polymorphisms across genomes of individuals to test associations between genotype and susceptibility to specific disorders, providing insights into the genetic architecture of several complex disorders. However, genetic variants associated with the susceptibility to common diseases are often located in noncoding regions of the genome, such as tissue-specific enhancers or long noncoding RNAs, suggesting that regulatory elements might play a relevant role in human diseases. Enhancers are cis-regulatory genomic sequences that act in concert with promoters to regulate gene expression in a precise spatiotemporal manner. They can be located at a considerable distance from their cognate target promoters, increasing the difficulty of their identification. Genomes are organized in domains of chromatin folding, namely topologically associating domains (TADs). Identification of enhancer–promoter interactions within TADs has revealed principles of cell-type specificity across several organisms and tissues. The vast majority of mammalian genomes are pervasively transcribed, accounting for a previously unappreciated complexity of the noncoding RNA fraction. Particularly, long noncoding RNAs have emerged as key players for the establishment of chromatin architecture and regulation of gene expression. In this perspective, we describe the new advances in the fields of transcriptomics and genome organization, focusing on the role of noncoding genomic variants in the predisposition of common diseases. Finally, we propose a new framework for the identification of the next generation of pharmacological targets for common human diseases.
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Salis, Francesco, Maristella Belfiori, Alice Bellisai, Eleonora Bernardini, Michele Murtas, Rossella Piras, Silvia Serreli i in. "Cognitive Impairment in People Living with HIV and the Impact of Mood: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study". Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, nr 6 (13.03.2024): 1631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061631.
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Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection represents a significant public health concern and, consequently, the incidence of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) has grown over the years. The present study aims to assess HAND with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to find significant associations with cognitive impairment. Methods: The study included 210 PLWHA, aged from 30 to 81 years, of whom, 137 (65.2%) were males. They were assessed at the Immunology Service of the University Hospital of Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy, between November 2022 and April 2023. Results: The sample showed an overall optimal response to antiretroviral therapy, as shown by the excellent levels of CD4+ lymphocytes and HIV RNA copies. A sum of 115 subjects (54.8%) were considered cognitively impaired and the multivariate analysis demonstrated that it was independently associated with duration of infection (OR: 0.96), age (OR: 1.12), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (OR: 1.02), and depression (OR: 1.33). By dichotomizing the variables, the significance of the association was confirmed for age (65-year threshold) (χ2: 5.142, p = 0.0233) and depression (χ2: 7.834, p = 0.0051). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that it is hard to find both statistically and clinically significantly associated variables with cognitive impairment in PLWHA, and that the strongest independent association is with depressed mood.
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Bhugra, Dinesh, i Oyedeji Ayonrinde. "Racism, racial life events and mental ill health". Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 7, nr 5 (wrzesień 2001): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.7.5.343.
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The association of life events with the onset of various psychiatric disorders is well-known. The body of evidence has highlighted the impact of negative or positive life events on the genesis of common mental disorders, especially depression. These findings have been replicated across different cultures, although the impact of different life events varies between cultures. In addition, the roles of chronic difficulties (defined in Life events and psychiatric disorders, below) and resulting ongoing chronic stress have been shown to contribute to vulnerability to certain mental illnesses. However, data on the impact of life events, especially those perceived as racial, on members of minority ethnic groups are rather sparse. The questions that need to be addressed concern the perception of life events as racial, the role of pervasive and perceived institutional and individual racism, and chronic difficulties.
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Vari, Sandor G. "We are stronger and better together". Ukrainian Biochemical Journal 94, nr 5 (8.12.2022): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ubj94.05.005.
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I learned during twenty years in RECOOP HST Association that sharing ideas, plans and actions make a human network naturally productive. Also, I believed throughout these years that honesty is a key component of a healthy relationship. Not only because honesty helps us avoid harmful breaches of trust, but because it allows us to build creative collaborative research organizations. Nonetheless, in the last two years, we were challenged with a vast scale of crises. First, the COVID-19 pandemic and second, beginning February 24, 2022, the brutal Russian aggression against Ukraine have impacted everybody’s life causing significant concern and insecurity across the globe. Economic instability, disturbed work routines and disrupted family lives have caused higher risks of physical and mental disorders [1, 2]. Socially isolated people often feel lonely or depressed. Constantly lonely people have higher blood pressure, are more vulnerable to infection and are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Loneliness also interferes with an entire range of everyday functions such as sleep patterns, attention and logical and verbal reasoning [3-6]. At the time the pandemic calmed, the Russian barbaric aggression and bombardment of civilian targets exposed large populations to physical aggression, which grants more damage over time as many Ukrainians are losing human condition. Are we losing humanity also? Humans are good or bad, or predators also capable of great kindness. Humanity symbolizes human love and sympathy toward each other. Human qualities include honesty, integrity, courage, self-awareness and dedication. These qualities define who we are as human beings. In this troubled time, we must look for the good in people and strengthen the care for others. Gandhi taught us, “The power of humanity is the strength of individual commitment and the force of collective action.” When RECOOP HST Association does something to help in Ukraine, all of us gain a sense of being valuable, helpful and worthwhile. Gandhi’s words remind us, “The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.” The human misery caused by Russia’s attacks only strengthen Ukrainians’ extraordinary spirit and their dedication to protect their family, culture and homeland. Putin is scrambled by the strength of Ukraine and getting more aggressive. His actions prove, like Gandhi wrote, “The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.” And we are stronger and better together. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, blood pressure, COVID-19, dementia, pandemic, physical and mental disorders, research organizations
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Jongenelis, Michelle I., i Simone Pettigrew. "Body Image and Eating Disturbances in Children: The Role of Self-Objectification". Psychology of Women Quarterly 44, nr 3 (2.06.2020): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684320923294.
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Self-objectification has been implicated in the development of body image disturbances and disordered eating among adults and adolescents. Empirical research exploring these associations among children is limited. Given body image and eating disturbances have been observed in a significant proportion of children, elucidating the factors associated with these disturbances among members of this population segment is important to informing prevention and intervention efforts. Accordingly, we cross-sectionally examined the association between self-objectification and body image and eating disturbances in 219 Australian 6- to 11-year-olds (57% classified as female children; average age = 8.37 years, SD = 1.42). Significant associations were observed between measures of self-objectification and body surveillance; body surveillance and both body shame and weight/shape concern; and weight/shape concern and dietary restraint. Results suggest early interventions targeting poor body image may need to address self-objectification, although further research is needed to firmly establish self-objectification as a risk factor for poor body image in children. Practitioners could utilize resources specifically developed for children, which encourage positive body esteem, build body confidence, support healthy relationships with food and exercise, and promote activities encouraging individuals to be attuned to how their bodies feel rather than how they look.
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Norrman, E., M. Petzold, T. D. Clausen, A.-K. Henningsen, S. Opdahl, A. Pinborg, A. Rosengren, C. Bergh i U.-B. Wennerholm. "Type 1 diabetes in children born after assisted reproductive technology: a register-based national cohort study". Human Reproduction 35, nr 1 (1.01.2020): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez227.
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References STUDY QUESTION Do children born after assisted reproductive technology (ART) have an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes? SUMMARY ANSWER Children born after ART were found to have an increased risk of type 1 diabetes in the unadjusted analysis, while after adjustment this association was only significant in children born after frozen embryo transfer. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY? Some studies raise concerns as to whether fertility treatments may influence long-term morbidity in children born after ART. Elevated blood pressure and altered glucose metabolism have been found after ART in a few studies. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A register-based national cohort study that included all children born in Sweden between 1985 and 2015—in total, 3 138 540 children—was carried out. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIAL, SETTING, METHODS The study was population-based and all live-born singleton children born after ART (n = 47 938) or spontaneous conception (SC) (n = 3 090 602) were included. The ART cohort comprised 36 727 children born after fresh embryo transfer and 11 211 children born after frozen embryo transfer. Several national registries were used together with data from Statistics Sweden. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In total, 202 children born after ART and 17 916 children born after SC developed type 1 diabetes, corresponding to 43.4 and 35.5 per 100 000 person-years at risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.42). Mean follow-up was 9.7 (SD 6.4) years for ART children and 16.3 (SD 9.2) years for SC children. After adjustment for calendar year of birth, HR for type 1 diabetes was 1.13; 95% CI, 0.98–1.30. After further adjustment for sex, maternal age, country of birth, educational level, smoking and parental diabetes, HR was 1.07; 95% CI, 0.93–1.23. In subgroup analyses, an association was found between frozen embryo transfer and type 1 diabetes (adjusted HR 1.52; 95% CI, 1.08–2.14 and 1.41; 95% CI, 1.05–1.89 for frozen versus fresh and frozen versus SC, respectively). When comparing intracytoplasmic sperm injection to in vitro fertilization, no difference was found (adjusted HR 1.08; 95% CI, 0.77–1.51). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Limitations were the missing data and residual confounding caused by unknown confounders. Furthermore, the control group consisted of all children not conceived by ART and not non-ART children from subfertile mothers. The study was also performed in only singletons and not in the total ART population. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Type 1 diabetes is a serious disease, affecting human life in several ways, including risk of serious complications, reduced life span and a life-long treatment. Our results are generally reassuring, showing no increase in diabetes in ART children compared to children born after SC after adjustment for relevant confounders. The observation of an association between children born after frozen embryo transfer and type 1 diabetes, although based on subgroup analyses with a limited number of children and modest in size, is however a reason for concern. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by Nordforsk 71450, the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement 70940, and the Hjalmar Svensson Foundation. The authors have no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN 11780826.
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Tabunar, Scarlett Mia. "KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES TOWARD ROAD SAFETY AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES-COLLEGE OF MEDICINE". Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, nr 2 (1.10.2020): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.2/art.199.
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Road traffic injury is a growing public health concern that has already caught the attention of governments and health professionals worldwide. The objectives of this study were to determine the knowledge and attitude toward road traffic regulations of medical students of the University of the Philippines-College of Medicine (UPCM) and their association with road safety practices. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 among UPCM medical students. Questionnaire was developed based on national laws on traffic and adopted from related literature. Data were analyzed using T-test and chi-square at 95% confidence interval utilizing software STATA V12. Among the 156 drivers who were included in the study, 89(57.05%) were men, mean age= 22.31 + 1.94, and 85 (54.49%) were involved in road traffic crash. Low overall safe driving knowledge, attitude and practices were reported while knowledge and attitude did not correlate with practice (p> 0.005). Being older was the only demographic characteristic which had significant association (p= 0.0028) with safe knowledge toward road safety while attitude on speeding (p < 0.001) and use of seat belt (p =0.007) showed significant correlations to acceptable practices on the road. Strict and consistent enforcement of traffic rules are therefore recommended.
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Fouskas, Theodoros. "Low-status work repercussions on Egyptians’ collective organisation". International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 34, nr 7/8 (8.07.2014): 418–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-04-2013-0043.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the repercussions of work and employment in low-status jobs upon the collective organisation and representation of Egyptian immigrant workers. Design/methodology/approach – Focusing on results from 117 in-depth interviews, the qualitative research (2010-2013) and analysis examines the case of Egyptians in Athens, Greece and on how the frame of their work and their employment affects participation in the immigrant work association Union of Egyptian Workers in Greece/EL-RAPTA and in Greek trade unions as well. Findings – Evidence from in-depth interviews proves that Egyptians are supported by friendly and relative relations in search for solidarity; they develop individualistic behaviours and find alternative solutions for survival and protection. Practical implications – Through the research, what is analysed is how immigration has affected social welfare and collective forms of representation but also how the immigrants themselves view and act within the collective frameworks. The results are of great concern to immigration policymakers to facilitate integration, combat undeclared work and identify weaknesses in worker rights and organisations. Originality/value – The research, the first in Greece specifically for Egyptians immigrant workers and their work association, contributes to the broader body of sociological literature on the study of labour migration and immigrant voluntary associations and it is original as it is based on primary research on the experiences of Egyptian immigrants.
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AIKEN, CATHERINE E. M., i JEREMY C. BROCKELSBY. "FETAL AND MATERNAL CONSEQUENCES OF PREGNANCIES CONCEIVED USING ART". Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review 25, nr 3-4 (listopad 2014): 281–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096553951600005x.
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Artificial reproductive technology (ART) was first introduced to clinical practice in the late 1970s1 and has subsequently resulted in approximately 5 million births worldwide2. Globally, the rates of assisted conceptions continue to rise3. In 2011, approximately 1.5% of all pregnancies in the US were conceived using ART4. Since its introduction, much interest has been generated regarding the effects of ART on the developing fetus and potential adverse impacts on the health of the mother. In particular, early studies suggested an increase in fetal genetic and structural anomalies, and a high risk of perinatal complications. As experience with pregnancies conceived using ART has increased worldwide and more data regarding the outcomes of ART-conceived pregnancies have been reported, many of the initial worries have been shown to be unfounded. However, concern still exists regarding whether any adverse fetal and maternal outcomes result from the use of this technology. Many studies have reported higher risks of fetal complications following the use of ART including an increase in perinatal mortality, even in singleton pregnancies5,6. However, interpretation of these data are far from simple and it is important to consider that observations of higher rates of complications do not equate to a causal relationship between adverse pregnancy outcomes and the use of ART7. There are multiple confounding factors that may account for these associations, many of which are difficult to control for in large-scale studies.
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Mulisa, Diriba, Tadesse Tolossa, Bizuneh Wakuma, Werku Etafa i Girma Yadesa. "Magnitude of first line antiretroviral therapy treatment failure and associated factors among adult patients on ART in South West Shoa, Central Ethiopia". PLOS ONE 15, nr 11 (11.11.2020): e0241768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241768.
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Background First-line antiretroviral treatment failure has become a public health concern in high, low and middle-income countries with high mortality and morbidity In Ethiopia, around 710,000 peoples were living with HIV and 420,000 of them were receiving ART in 2017. Little is known about the magnitude of first-line ART treatment failure and its associated factors in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study was aimed to find the magnitude of first-line ART treatment failure and its associated factors among adult patients attending ART clinic at Southwest shoa zone public hospitals. Methods Institutions based cross-sectional study was employed from February 1 to April 2, 2019. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 350 adult patients on ART using a systematic random sampling technique. The collected data were coded and entered into Epidata version 3 and exported to STATA SE version 14 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with first-line ART treatment failure. At 95% confidence level strength of association was measured using Odds ratio. Variables with a p-value of ≤ 0.25 in the bivariable analysis were considered as a candidate variable for multivariable analysis. To get the final variables step-wise backward selection procedure was used and those in the final model were selected at a p-value <0.05. Finally, texts, simple frequency tables, and figures were used to present the findings. Results In this study the magnitude of first-line ART treatment failure was 33.42%. Absence of baseline opportunistic infection AOR = 0.362 (95%CI0.178, 0.735), Staying on first-line ART for <5 years AOR = 0.47 (95%CI 0.252, 0.878), Nevirapine containing ART regimen AOR = 3.07 (95%CI 1.677, 5.63), Baseline CD4 count ≥100 cells/mm3 AOR = 0.299 (95%CI 0.152 0.591), absence of opportunistic infections after ART initiation AOR = 0.257 (95%CI 0.142, .467), time taking greater than an one-hour to reach health facility AOR 1.85 (95%CI 1.022 3.367) were significantly associated with first-line ART treatment failure. Conclusion The magnitude of first-line ART treatment failure was high in the study area. Base-line opportunistic infection, duration on first-line ART, NVP based ART, Baseline CD4 count level, OI after ART initiation, and time it takes to reach health facility were independent determinants of first-line ART treatment failure.
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Gaidauskienė, Nida. "Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis’s Socio-Cultural Connections and Professional Self-Realisation in Lithuania". Colloquia 46 (30.12.2021): 13–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/coll.21.46.02.
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In 1907–1909, Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis worked with seven national societies active in Lithuania: Lithuanian Art Society, Amateur Music and Theatre Society “Vilniaus Kanklės”, Lithuanian Association “Rūta” in Vilnius, Music and Theatre Society “Daina” in Kaunas, Lithuanian Scientific Society, Lithuanian Mutual Aid Society of Vilnius, and Charitable Society for Pupils and Students “Žiburėlis”. He was a member of the formerthree organizations. The Lithuanian Art Society was the main platform for Čiurlionis’s professional and social self-realisation. He served as its vice-chair and from September 1907 to September 1909 stood in for its chair, Antanas Žmuidzinavičius. He organised the Second Lithuanian Art Exhibition. On Čiurlionis initiative, the music section was established at the Society. Together with his colleagues, he organized a competition for Lithuanian composers; he also envisaged a periodical of music, art, and literature.The article discusses the question of the affiliation with the Lithuanian Vilnius Choir led by Čiurlionis. The research has revealed that Čiurlionis conducted a united choir consisting of the singers from the Lithuanian Mutual Aid Society of Vilnius and “Vilniaus Kanklės”. His participation in two soirees organised by “Žiburėlis”, quite favourable reviews of his artworks written by the liberals, and the principled criticism by the conservative cleric Aleksandras Dambrauskas (nom de plume Adomas Jakštas) demonstrate that Čiurlionis found it easier to work with democratic left-wing cultural figures. In June of 1909, Čiurlionis’s concert and the design of the curtain on the premises of the Lithuanian Association “Rūta” were associated with Andrius Domaševičius and Kipras Petrauskas. In his letter, Čiurlionis called himself “progressive.” It was uncharacteristic to indicate one’s party affiliation; in Čiurlionis’s case, it meant to be of liberal orientation. However, it was precisely because of his “leftist” views that the Educational Society “Aušra” deemed his membership unreliable. On July 11, 1909, Čiurlionis was nominated to the commission to collect songs for the Lithuanian Scientific Society. Unfortunately, the illness that manifested itself in December of 1909 prevented the composer from carrying out the work.
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Hodkinson, Bridget, Emmanuel Maheu, Mathilde Michon, Fabrice Carrat i Francis Berenbaum. "Assessment and determinants of aesthetic discomfort in hand osteoarthritis". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 71, nr 1 (6.09.2011): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2011.153965.
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BackgroundDissatisfaction with hand appearance is frequently the presenting complaint of patients with hand osteoarthritis (HOA), yet no tool exists for its measurement and few studies have examined aesthetic discomfort.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to measure the extent and to explore the associations of aesthetic concerns in HOA.Methods172 patients with HOA were assessed with tender joint and node count, global and pain scores, Functional Index for Hand Osteoarthritis, Short Form-12, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and posterior–anterior hand radiographs. Patients scored the aesthetic impact of the disease on a Visual Analogue Scale of 0–100 mm and were classified into low, intermediate and high aesthetic concern (HAC) based on this score.ResultsOf 172 patients (155 women), the majority (92%) had nodes and 46% had erosive disease. The mean aesthetic score was 44.8 mm (SD 35.9), and 59 (34.3%) patients scored their aesthetic discomfort ≥66 mm. Factors associated with HAC were female gender, a high number of tender joints and nodes, high global and pain scores, high radiological damage scores, the presence of erosions and high depression and anxiety levels. The multivariate analysis identified two independent factors associated with HAC: patient's global assessment (p=0.0005) and radiographic erosions (p=0.03).ConclusionsAesthetic discomfort is a major concern for a significant number of patients with HOA, particularly women, those with a high burden of HOA disease and those with erosive osteoarthritis, and is also associated with depression, anxiety and poor health-related quality of life.
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Girina, A. A., A. L. Zaplatnikov, V. I. Svintsitskaya i S. D. Izhogina. "COVID-19 vaccination of pregnant women: state-of-the-art". Russian Medical Inquiry 5, nr 11 (2021): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-11-768-772.
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Despite efforts made by the world community to battle the novel coronavirus infection, we are still unable to take complete control of virus spread. One of the causes of this issue is inadequate coverage of vaccination. Meanwhile, disease course in specific populations is associated with the risks of severe complications and lethal outcome. Infection of pregnant women is of particular concern. This paper addresses recent data on vaccination against the COVID-19 infection in pregnant women, including those with risk of severe disease course and unfavorable outcome. Monitoring the health of women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during gestation demonstrates unfavorable effects of the COVID-19 infection on the course and outcome of pregnancy. On the other hand, observational programs have demonstrated that vaccination has no effects on pregnancy course and perinatal outcomes. A view of the WHO and professional associations on the vaccination of pregnant women, particularly those from risk groups of severe COVID-19 course, is discussed. The importance of a personalized and balanced approach to COVID-19 vaccination of pregnant women involving the assessment of risks and benefits for the mother and child is emphasized. KEYWORDS: novel coronavirus infection, COVID-19, vaccination, immunization, pregnant women, risk group. FOR CITATION: Girina A.A., Zaplatnikov A.L., Svintsitskaya V.I., Izhogina S.D. COVID-19 vaccination of pregnant women: state-of-the-art. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(11):768–772 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-11-768-772.
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Soe Htway, Tin Aung, i Kraiwuth Kallawicha. "FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH FOOD SAFETY KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE AMONG STREET FOOD VENDORS IN TAUNGGYI TOWNSHIP, MYANMAR: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY". Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, nr 3 (31.12.2020): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.3/art.822.
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Food safety is a growing public health concern worldwide. Street foods are an integral part of many cultures and offer at affordable prices. However, it is associated with food safety issues, especially in developing countries. Therefore, it is essential that street food vendors understand and implement food safety practices to prevent outbreaks of food-borne illnesses. This cross-sectional study investigated the food safety knowledge and practices as well as their associated factors among street food vendors in Taunggyi Township, Myanmar. Validated structured questionnaires were used to interview 158 street food vendors, and a set of observational checklists was used to inspect the sanitary conditions of vending sites and vendors’ food hygiene practices. The association between food safety knowledge and practices was assessed using a chi-squared test. Our results revealed that most vendors had a high level of food safety knowledge and that 58.9% scored equal to or lower than the median value in food safety practices, whereas 41.1% scored higher than the median value (median=15). Sex and education level were significantly associated with participants’ food safety knowledge (p < 0.001). Similarly, education, race and monthly income were significantly associated with their food safety practices (p < 0.001), whereas food safety training attendance had no association. Additionally, participants with better knowledge scores were more likely to have better practice scores. Food safety training given to vendors should be more detailed and comply with standard guidelines, especially with regard to street food safety practices.