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Edgren, Robert, Pia Pörtfors, Susanna Raisamo, and Sari Castrén. "Treatment for the concerned significant others of gamblers: A systematic review." Journal of Behavioral Addictions 11, no. 1 (2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2021.00088.
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Abstract Background and aims Research recognizes the extent of harm experienced by concerned significant others (CSOs) of gamblers. This systematic review’s aims are to examine the interventions for CSOs, evaluate potential benefits, and thematically describe treatment processes. The Stress-Strain-Coping-Support model (SSCS) served as the theoretical framework. Methods Database searches were conducted in: MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Web of Science Core Collection, Social Services Abstracts, Applied Social Science Index and Abstracts, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and APA PsycInfo (between 01/Jan 2011–10/Jun 2021). Other search methods were also utilized. Inclusion criteria: interventions for CSOs with CSO specific outcomes. The Evidence Project Risk of Bias Tool was used for assessment. Results 19/768 records were included. Nine interventions were utilized: 3 CSO directed, 4 for couples, and 2 low threshold online interventions. A quantitative synthesis (N = 7 studies) of effect size estimates for depression and anxiety measures didn’t indicate any intervention to have better outcomes than others. Core themes in the treatment process identified in the qualitative synthesis (N = 7) included: information and understanding, social support, coping skills, communication, and strain. Limitations in the evidence related to sampling, control-conditions and outcome measurements. Discussion and conclusion Several interventions were identified, yet no specific interventions appeared more beneficial than others. Using the SSCS model, commonalities and differences in intervention content were identified, along with themes that influence treatment processes. The need for tailored interventions is discussed. Future treatment efficacy research should carefully select study designs and outcome measurements. PROSPERO (CRD42021229408).
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Calderwood, Kimberly A., and Anne Rajesparam. "Applying the codependency concept to concerned significant others of problem gamblers: Words of caution." Journal of Gambling Issues, no. 29 (October 1, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4309/jgi.2014.29.11.
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Two competing models of understanding concerned significant others (CSOs) of people with addictions have emerged: codependency (CD) and stress-coping. In the context of CSOs of problem gamblers, some research has begun to examine the effectiveness of the stress-coping model, but no research to date has examined the utility of incorporating the CD concept into treatment planning. The purpose of this paper is to: critique the CD concept while highlighting possible differences between problem gambling and substance abuse (i.e., financial issues, the ability to hide the problem, cognitive distortions, and societal attitudes); identify important considerations when working with CSOs of problem gamblers; make recommendations for program managers regarding hiring and training practices; and recommend directions for research and in-depth program evaluations to assess what is actually occurring in existing practice.
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Salonen, Anne H., Hannu Alho, and Sari Castrén. "The extent and type of gambling harms for concerned significant others: A cross-sectional population study in Finland." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 44, no. 8 (2016): 799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494816673529.
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Aims: This study investigates the proportion of concerned significant others (CSOs) of problem gamblers at population level and describes the extent and type of gambling harms for CSOs. Methods: Cross-sectional random sample data ( n = 4515) were collected in 2015. The data were weighted based on age, gender and residence. CSOs were identified using a question including seven options. Gambling harms were inquired using structured questions. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Squared and Fischer’s exact tests were used. Results: Overall, the proportion of CSOs was 19.3%. Males had close friends with gambling problems more often than females, while females had family members with gambling problems more often than males. Of the CSOs, 59.5% had experienced one or more harms. Females experienced more harms than males. Typical harms were worry about health or well-being of close ones, emotional distress and problems in interpersonal relationships. CSOs with a problem gambler in the family, particularly a partner, child/children or mother, experienced harms more often than CSOs with a problem gambler as a close friend. Conclusions: Female gender was associated with a larger extent of harms. The extent of harms was greatest if the problem gambler was a family member; however, a substantial amount of harms were experienced when the problem gambler was a close friend. CSOs and their position in evaluating gambling harms in general should be acknowledged. Persons beyond the nuclear family and the harms they encounter should be better acknowledged in prevention and harm minimisation. Early identification and a clear referral path to tailored support in occupational, social and healthcare settings may be considered.
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Nayoski, Nicole, and David C. Hodgins. "The Efficacy of Individual Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) for Concerned Significant Others of Problem Gamblers." Journal of Gambling Issues, no. 33 (August 1, 2016): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.4309/jgi.2016.33.11.
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Treatment options for concerned significant others (CSOs) of problem gamblers are limited, and available treatments focus exclusively on the distress of CSOs. Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is a comprehensive treatment program for CSOs of substance abusers that has been shown to reduce CSO distress in addition to the substance abuser's alcohol or drug behaviour. CRAFT capitalizes on the well-documented fact that family members have considerable influence on the substance abuser's decision to enter treatment. The present study modified the CRAFT approach into an individual treatment format for CSOs of problem gamblers and examined its efficacy in comparison to a CRAFT self-help workbook in a randomized clinical trial. A total of 31 participants were recruited. No statistical differences were found between the groups; however, effect sizes indicated that participants who received the CRAFT individual intervention seemed to have better outcomes than did those who received the CRAFT workbook (decreased days and dollars gambled by the gambler and improved CSO functioning). No differences between groups were found for gambler treatment entry rates over the follow-up period in terms of effect sizes. The results provide initial, but limited, support for the CRAFT approach delivered to CSOs of treatment-resistant problem gamblers in an individual treatment format compared with the self-help workbook format. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to gauge the efficacy of the CRAFT individual intervention compared with the CRAFT self-help workbook.
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Tulloch, Catherine, Matthew Browne, Nerilee Hing, Matthew Rockloff, and Margo Hilbrecht. "Trajectories of wellbeing in people who live with gamblers experiencing a gambling problem: An 18-year longitudinal analysis of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (2023): e0281099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281099.
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In cross-sectional gambling studies, friends, family, and others close to those experiencing gambling problems (concerned significant others ‘CSOs’) tend to report detriments to their quality of life. To date, however, there have been no large, population-based longitudinal studies examining the health and wellbeing of CSOs. We analyse longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey to examine the 18-year trajectories of general, social, health and financial wellbeing of household CSOs (n = 477) and compare these to those without a gambling problem in the household (n = 13,661). CSOs reported significantly worse long-term wellbeing than non-CSOs in their satisfaction with life, number of life stressors, and social, health and financial wellbeing. However, both social and financial wellbeing showed a temporal effect, declining significantly for CSOs at times closer to the exposure to the gambling problem. This finding suggests a causal link between living in a household with a person with a gambling problem and decreased CSO social and financial wellbeing. Policy responses, such as additional social and financial support, could be considered to assist CSOs impacted by another person’s gambling problem.
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Thériault, Caroline, Joël Tremblay, and Francine Ferland. "Identifying Dimensions to Include in the Assessment of Concerned Significant Others of People With Problematic Internet Use: A Scoping Review." Canadian Journal of Addiction 14, no. 4 (2023): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cxa.0000000000000193.
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ABSTRACT Context Over the last 2 decades, problematic Internet use (PIU) has become a serious public health issue. Greater accessibility and daily use of the Internet have contributed to the emergence of this new social phenomenon. Scientific literature has exploded in the last few years, with studies focusing on its conceptualization, assessment, risk factors, comorbidities, and treatment. However, very few studies have taken into consideration the concerned significant others (CSOs) of people with PIU. Objective: This article aims to document the experiences of CSOs in order to target dimensions that should be included when evaluating the needs of this type of service user. Method: This scoping review identified 6 peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2019. Results: The results highlight the following dimensions to take into consideration when evaluating the needs of partners: screen time, communication, conflicts, intimacy, financial problems, distribution of chores and responsibilities, psychological and emotional impacts, partners’ view of their spouse, and coping strategies. None of the reviewed articles examined the experiences of parents of adolescents with PIU. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first scoping review that has been conducted on this topic. The results obtained emphasize the importance of conducting further research to better understand the issues faced by all types of CSOs of people with PIU and develop intervention programs tailored to their specific needs. Contexte: Au cours des deux dernières décennies, l’utilisation problématique d’Internet (UPI) est devenue un grave problème de santé publique. L’accessibilité accrue et l’utilisation quotidienne d’Internet ont contribué à l'émergence de ce nouveau phénomène social. La littérature scientifique a explosé ces dernières années avec des études portant sur la conceptualisation, l'évaluation, les facteurs de risque, les comorbidités et le traitement. Cependant, très peu d'études ont pris en considération les personnes significatives concernées (PSC) by "membres de l'entourage (ME) des personnes présentant une UPI. Objectif: Cet article vise à documenter les expériences des ME afin de cibler les dimensions qui devraient être incluses lors de l'évaluation des besoins de ce type d’utilisateurs de services. Méthode: Cette revue de la portée a permis d’identifier six articles évalués par des pairs et publiés entre 2000 et 2019. Résultats: Les résultats mettent en évidence les dimensions suivantes à prendre en considération lors de l'évaluation des besoins des partenaires de vie: temps d'écran, communication, conflits, intimité, problèmes financiers, répartition des tâches et des responsabilités, impacts psychologiques et émotionnels, vision des partenaires sur leur conjoint et stratégies d’adaptation. Aucun des articles examinés ne s’est penché sur les expériences des parents d’adolescents présentant une UPI. Conclusion: À notre connaissance, il s’agit de la première revue exploratoire réalisée sur ce sujet. Les résultats obtenus soulignent l’importance de poursuivre les recherches afin de mieux comprendre les problèmes rencontrés par tous les types de ME de personnes présentant une UPI et de développer des programmes d’intervention adaptés à leurs besoins spécifiques.
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EÉk, Niels, Karin Romberg, Ola Siljeholm, et al. "Efficacy of an Internet-Based Community Reinforcement and Family Training Program to Increase Treatment Engagement for AUD and to Improve Psychiatric Health for CSOs: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Alcohol and Alcoholism 55, no. 2 (2020): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agz095.
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Abstract Aims Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training (CRAFT) is a support program for concerned significant others (CSOs) to identified persons (IPs) with alcohol use disorders, with the purpose of engaging IPs to treatment and to improve CSO functioning. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of an internet-based version of CRAFT (iCRAFT). Methods Randomized controlled trial comparing iCRAFT with a wait-list (WL) condition with a nation-wide uptake in Sweden. A total of 94 CSOs to a treatment refusing IP, who described the IP according to DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence or abuse, were included in the study. iCRAFT consisted of five weekly administered therapist-guided modules with the following content: (a) improve CSOs’ own mental health, (b) improve the CSOs skills in asking the IP to seek treatment, (c) positive communication skills training, (d) contingency management of IP drinking behavior. Main outcome measure was IPs initiative to seek treatment measured at 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes were IP’s daily alcohol consumption, CSOs mental health, quality of life and relational satisfaction. Results Of 94 participants, 15 CSOs reported IP treatment initiative during the study period. Of these, 10 belonged to the iCRAFT condition and five to the WL condition. The difference between conditions was nonsignificant, and the results were inconclusive. Participants in iCRAFT showed short-term improvements regarding depressive symptoms, quality of life and relational happiness. Conclusion This study was unable to demonstrate substantial changes in the iCRAFT program regarding IP treatment seeking or CSO mental health.
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DeBeer, Bryann B., Monica M. Matthieu, Julie A. Kittel, et al. "Quality Improvement Evaluation of the Feasibility and Acceptability of Adding a Concerned Significant Other to Safety Planning for Suicide Prevention With Veterans." Journal of Mental Health Counseling 41, no. 1 (2019): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17744/mehc.41.1.02.
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Suicide among veterans remains a serious public health issue, and poor social support is identified as a robust risk factor for suicide. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs uses a standard safety planning procedure for suicide prevention. While this intervention can help veterans identify social support sources, it does not directly incorporate a concerned significant other (CSO). Research suggests that veterans prefer a family member or friend to help shoulder the burden of a potential crisis. This qualitative feasibility project examined the role of CSOs in safety planning with veterans. Interviews were conducted with 29 veterans and four CSOs to investigate whether veterans wanted a CSO involved in their safety plan and to investigate associated logistical issues for implementation. Overwhelmingly, veterans (79.13%) reported that having a CSO directly involved in their safety plan would be helpful. Qualitative data are presented highlighting practical concerns for mental health providers developing safety plans with veterans.
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Hellum, Rikke, Randi Bilberg, and Anette Søgaard Nielsen. "“He is lovely and awful”: The challenges of being close to an individual with alcohol problems." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 39, no. 1 (2021): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14550725211044861.
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Introduction: In the last 20 years, there has been growing evidence that heavy drinking causes serious harm not only to the person who drinks but also to the person's relations and concerned significant others (CSOs). A relationship with a heavy drinker is often full of conflicts, and CSOs are frequently exposed to aggression, psychological, and sometimes physical violence from the heavy drinker. Despite their struggles, CSOs often feel it is difficult to seek professional help for these problems. The aim of this study was to investigate what problems CSOs of people with alcohol problems experience prior to seeking professional help to handle these issues. Moreover, to investigate what led to seeking professional help at all. Methods: This is a qualitative study with 12 female help-seeking CSOs of persons with alcohol problems. The participants were recruited from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) on Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT). Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed. The analysis was based on interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Three overall themes and one sub-theme emerged from the analysis: (1) The CSO’s feelings and experiences of the situation prior to help-seeking, (2) The relationship with the drinker, (3) Reasons for help-seeking and its trajectory; and the sub-theme, What the CSOs hoped to gain from help-seeking. Conclusion: The present study showed that female CSOs of people with alcohol problems had suffered for a long time before seeking professional help. They felt their daily lives were unpredictable and stressful. They were often exposed to verbal and mental abuse and their relationships with the drinking relative were often characterised by frequent rowing. The CSOs had tried to cope for a long time using a number of different strategies; seeking help seemed to be the last option considered. Despite all the struggles and pain, the CSOs also felt a lot of love for their drinking relative and hoped for the return of their once sober relative. Our findings can be viewed as a support to the stress-strain-coping-support (SSCS) model proposed by Orford and colleagues.
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Hellum, Rikke, Randi Bilberg, and Anette Søgaard Nielsen. "“He is lovely and awful”: The challenges of being close to an individual with alcohol problems." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 39, no. 1 (2021): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14550725211044861.
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Introduction: In the last 20 years, there has been growing evidence that heavy drinking causes serious harm not only to the person who drinks but also to the person's relations and concerned significant others (CSOs). A relationship with a heavy drinker is often full of conflicts, and CSOs are frequently exposed to aggression, psychological, and sometimes physical violence from the heavy drinker. Despite their struggles, CSOs often feel it is difficult to seek professional help for these problems. The aim of this study was to investigate what problems CSOs of people with alcohol problems experience prior to seeking professional help to handle these issues. Moreover, to investigate what led to seeking professional help at all. Methods: This is a qualitative study with 12 female help-seeking CSOs of persons with alcohol problems. The participants were recruited from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) on Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT). Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed. The analysis was based on interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Three overall themes and one sub-theme emerged from the analysis: (1) The CSO’s feelings and experiences of the situation prior to help-seeking, (2) The relationship with the drinker, (3) Reasons for help-seeking and its trajectory; and the sub-theme, What the CSOs hoped to gain from help-seeking. Conclusion: The present study showed that female CSOs of people with alcohol problems had suffered for a long time before seeking professional help. They felt their daily lives were unpredictable and stressful. They were often exposed to verbal and mental abuse and their relationships with the drinking relative were often characterised by frequent rowing. The CSOs had tried to cope for a long time using a number of different strategies; seeking help seemed to be the last option considered. Despite all the struggles and pain, the CSOs also felt a lot of love for their drinking relative and hoped for the return of their once sober relative. Our findings can be viewed as a support to the stress-strain-coping-support (SSCS) model proposed by Orford and colleagues.
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Tse, Nick, Samson Tse, and Paul W. C. Wong. "Collective Motivational Interviewing for Individuals with Drug Use Problems: A Pre-Post–Follow-Up, Uncontrolled Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (2022): 16344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316344.
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Collective motivational interviewing (CMI) is a novelty motivational approach which optimises the motivational interviewing (MI) for individuals from collectivistic cultures. While MI has been empirically tested as an effective intervention for addictive disorders and has had a positive effect on facilitating lifestyle changes, CMI has retained the potency of MI as an individualistic intervention, and it further invites the social network resources to strengthen the level of motivation and cultivate a joint change partnership. This pilot study was the first clinical study of CMI to work with individuals with drug use problems (IDUPs) by involving concerned significant others (CSOs) in the three-session intervention, and the fidelity control was assessed by the Collective Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity (CMITI) scale. This pre-post–follow-up and uncontrolled feasibility study was conducted between 2017 and 2019, with dyads of 20 IDUPs and their CSOs. The potential impacts of CMI were examined by measures at baseline, post-intervention, and 1-month and 3-month post-intervention. All clinical sessions were audio-recorded, and four cases were randomly selected for fidelity review by two trained coders. The normality of data at the baseline was checked by a Shapiro–Wilk test. Non-parametric Wilcoxon-signed-rank test and repeated-measures ANOVA were employed for quantitative analysis. The results showed that six IDUPs had reduced drug use, and ten maintained drug abstinence with the support of CSOs, whereas four IDUPs remained unchanged or increased drug use. Overall, at the 3-month follow-up, drug use was reduced (p > 0.05), social support was strengthened (p < 0.05), and the IDUPs’ motivation for change was enhanced (p < 0.05). However, the small sample sizes, non-random sampling, and lack of control group may limit the generalizability and confirmation of the outcomes and of the “real effects”. This finding of the study suggests that the CMI is a feasible and acceptable therapeutic tool to motivate IDUPs with the support of CSOs to achieve mutually agreed-upon goals. Further development and evaluation with robust methodology are warranted.
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Ifejika, Solomon I. "Guardian of society: Civil society in Nigeria’s response to COVID-19 pandemic." Journal of Emergency Management 21, no. 4 (2024): 411–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0862.
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The rapid breakout and dissemination of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection from the city of Wuhan, China, to the rest of the countries of the world in December 2019 triggered a situation that led the World Health Organization to report it as a global public health emergency. The pandemic resulted in abrupt and significant loss of lives, disruption of economies, loss of livelihoods, and severe hardship across the nations of the world. Nigeria encountered the COVID-19 reality following the discovery of the first case of the infection in the country on February 27, 2020, prompting the government to swing into action to contain its spread. However, the government’s response to the pandemic benefited from the support of nonstate actors from the profit and nonprofit sectors. This study, thus, specifically examined the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in Nigeria’s response to the coronavirus crisis. Using data obtained through secondary sources and analysis of thematic and descriptive-interpretive methods, the study found that CSOs impressively contributed to the government’s fight against COVID-19, particularly in view of their roles in creating awareness about the virus and rebutting disinformation regarding the disease, among others. Yet, CSOs encountered some problems while undertaking these roles, prominently the closure of the civic space, noninclusion of CSOs in government’s pandemic response architecture, and loss of funding. The study recommends, among other things, that in the case of any future public health emergencies of COVID-19 magnitude, the Nigerian Government should make CSOs an integral part of its response structure, while concluding that the application of these measures would incentivize better contributions from CSOs.
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Green, Hyatt, Daniel Weller, Stephanie Johnson, and Edward Michalenko. "Microbial Source-Tracking Reveals Origins of Fecal Contamination in a Recovering Watershed." Water 11, no. 10 (2019): 2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11102162.
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Fecal contamination of waterbodies due to poorly managed human and animal waste is a pervasive problem that can be particularly costly to address, especially if mitigation strategies are ineffective at sufficiently reducing the level of contamination. Identifying the most worrisome sources of contamination is particularly difficult in periurban streams with multiple land uses and requires the distinction of municipal, agricultural, domestic pet, and natural (i.e., wildlife) wastes. Microbial source-tracking (MST) methods that target host-specific members of the bacterial order Bacteroidales and others have been used worldwide to identify the origins of fecal contamination. We conducted a dry-weather study of Onondaga Creek, NY, where reducing fecal contamination has been approached mainly by mitigating combined sewer overflow events (CSOs). Over three sampling dates, we measured in-stream concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria; MST markers targeting human, ruminant, and canine sources; and various physical–chemical parameters to identify contaminants not attributable to CSOs or stormwater runoff. We observed that despite significant ruminant inputs upstream, these contaminants eventually decayed and/or were diluted out and that high levels of urban bacterial contamination are most likely due to failing infrastructure and/or illicit discharges independent of rain events. Similar dynamics may control other streams that transition from agricultural to urban areas with failing infrastructure.
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van Stolk-Cooke, Katherine, Marie Hayes, Amit Baumel, and Frederick Muench. "Understanding text-based persuasion and support tactics of concerned significant others." PeerJ 3 (August 18, 2015): e1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1151.
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Hussaarts, Pauline, Hendrik G. Roozen, Robert J. Meyers, Ben J. M. van de Wetering, and Barbara S. McCrady. "Problem Areas Reported by Substance Abusing Individuals and Their Concerned Significant Others." American Journal on Addictions 21, no. 1 (2011): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2011.00187.x.
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Makarchuk, Karyn, David C. Hodgins, and Nicole Peden. "Development of a Brief Intervention for Concerned Significant Others of Problem Gamblers." Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment 1, no. 4 (2002): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132576-200211000-00003.
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Hodgins, David C., N. Will Shead, and Karyn Makarchuk. "Relationship Satisfaction and Psychological Distress Among Concerned Significant Others of Pathological Gamblers." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 195, no. 1 (2007): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nmd.0000252382.47434.a6.
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Dowling, Nicki A., Simone N. Rodda, Dan I. Lubman, and Alun C. Jackson. "The impacts of problem gambling on concerned significant others accessing web-based counselling." Addictive Behaviors 39, no. 8 (2014): 1253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.04.011.
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Hodgins, David C., Tony Toneatto, Karyn Makarchuk, Wayne Skinner, and Susan Vincent. "Minimal Treatment Approaches for Concerned Significant Others of Problem Gamblers: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Gambling Studies 23, no. 2 (2007): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10899-006-9052-2.
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Harkness, Daniel. "Commentary on "Applying the codependency concept to concerned significant others of problem gamblers: Words of caution"." Journal of Gambling Issues, no. 29 (October 1, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4309/jgi.2014.29.13.
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Meyers, Robert J., William R. Miller, Jane Ellen Smith, and J. Scott Tonigan. "A randomized trial of two methods for engaging treatment-refusing drug users through concerned significant others." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 70, no. 5 (2002): 1182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.70.5.1182.
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Manchaiah, Vinaya, Ilmari Pyykkő, Hilla Levo, and Erna Kentala. "Impact of Ménière’s Disease on Significant Others’ Health and Lives." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 29, no. 01 (2018): 063–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16166.
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AbstractMénière’s disease (MD) is a chronic and, in part, intermittent illness that poses multiple challenges for both the physical and psychological well-being of patients, as well as on those around them. The patients face psychosocial consequences, which include disruptions to life goals, employment, income, relationships, leisure activities, and daily living activities that also influence their family members and friends. However, there is a limited understanding of the impact of MD on significant others (SOs).The current study was aimed at identifying how the SOs of patients with MD respond to different aspects of the impact of the disorder on health and life (i.e., psychological aspects, activities, participation, and positive aspects).The study employed a cross-sectional survey design.The study sample was 186 SOs of patients with MD who were recruited through Finnish Ménière’s Federation.Participants completed a 25-item structured questionnaire focusing on different aspects of the impact of the disorder on health and life, and also provided some demographic information. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test, Pearson’s correlation, and K-means cluster analysis techniques.Examination of response patterns suggests that the disorder had, on average, a marginal effect on SOs’ psychological aspects, activities, and participation as the SOs generally focused on complaints. Interestingly, SOs reported some positive consequences as a result of their partners’ condition. The results show a limited association between SOs’ demographic variables and response patterns. The Pearson’s correlation suggested a strong association between the subscales psychological aspects, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Also, a weak negative correlation was observed among positive aspects and participation restrictions. The cluster analysis resulted in three clusters, namely, (1) “nonengaged,” (2) “supportive,” and (3) “concerned.”The current study results identify that the SOs’ reaction to patients’ condition varies and this may be from coping with victimization. Although the impact of MD on SOs is limited, some of the SOs may have more severe consequences and may require rehabilitation. The information gathered about SOs’ coping and adjustment in this study can also help while developing management and/or rehabilitation plan for people with MD.
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Öhrling, Charlotta, Elisabet Sernbo, Inger Benkel, Ulla Molander, and Stina Nyblom. "“They must have seen it, you know.” Body talk, extension talk, and action talk: A qualitative study on how palliative care patients and their significant others express experiencing these nonverbal cues." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (2024): e0299112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299112.
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Communication about life-threatening disease and palliative care is essential but often experienced as difficult by those concerned and has mainly been studied in terms of its verbal components. Despite the fundamentality of nonverbal communication, its dimensions in care, especially in the communication by patients and their significant others, has not been as extensively examined. Drawing on a secondary qualitative content analysis of data from 23 interviews—15 with patients in specialized palliative home care in Sweden and 8 with their significant others—this study aims at understanding and characterizing how patients verbally express experiences of conveying nonverbal cues about life-threatening disease and its consequences and how their significant others express perceiving these cues. Patients expressed experiences of nonverbal communication in the form of cues conveying meaning about their disease and its consequences, often beyond their control. Whether and how the patients reinforced these cues verbally, depended on individual needs, care for others, and evaluations of relationships. Significant others acknowledged the presence of nonverbal cues and tried to interpret their meaning. Both patients and significant others emphasized the importance of nonverbal cues and actively related to how cues in the form of bodily appearance, aids, objects and acts, serve communicative functions about disease and its consequences. These dimensions of nonverbal communication are characterized as: body talk, extension talk and action talk. This study contributes to an international knowledge base on the complexities of nonverbal communicative aspects in these dimensions and how it affects patients and significant others. Professionals should be aware that dimensions of care, such as prescribed aids, from the patients’ perspective can be perceived as nonverbal cues that might “speak of” disease progression.
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Redpath, Keith J. "Growth Inhibition and Recovery in Mussels (Mytilus Edulis) Exposed to Low Copper Concentrations." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 65, no. 2 (1985): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400050529.
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Studies concerned with the sub-lethal aspects of the toxicity of copper to the mussel have, in many cases, been compromised through the use of static experimental systems (see Davenport & Redpath (1984) for review). Manley, Gruffydd & Almada-Villela (1984), using a through flow system, reported a significant reduction in shell growth at a concentration of 10 μg I-1 added copper with recovery after metal addition had ceased. Strömgren (1982) investigated the effects of a series of concentrations of the metal (amongst others) on Mytilus, but there are discrepancies between his results and the work of others which have been fully discussed elsewhere by Davenport and Redpath.
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Najbar, Bartlomiej. "PHYSICO-CHEMICAL FEATURES OF WATERS AND BIOCOENOSIS OF A MEROMICTIC RESERVOIR IN THE YEARS 1981-1998 IN THE LEKNICA REGION (WESTERN POLAND)." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 20, 2001): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2001vol1.1943.
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The research concerned the biggest, the deepest and the youngest (25 years old) acidotrophic reservoir located 4 km south-east from Lqknica. It was created as a result of brown-coal mining and opencast method. The present pyrite was the cause of significant acidifying and salinity of waters. 17 years of physico-chemical examinations of waters showed a progressive difference between mixo- and monimolimnion that is increase or decrease of such indicators as pH, redox potential, total iron, sulphate and others. First symptoms of ageing o f the reservoir were visible. Biological examinations showed pancity of plant and animal species living in this reservoir and a very slow development ofbiocoenosis. The research concerned the biggest, the deepest and the youngest (25 years old) acidotrophic reservoir located 4 km south-east from Lqknica. It was created as a result of brown-coal mining and opencast method. The present pyrite was the cause for significant acidifying and salinity of waters. 17 years of physico-chemical examinations of waters showed a progressive difference between mixo- and monimolimnion that is increase or decrease o f such indicators as pH, redox potential, total iron, sulphate and others. First symptoms of ageing o f the reservoir were visible. Biological examinations showed pancity of plant and animal species living in this reservoir and a very slow development of biocoenosis.
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Kapitanova, E. V. "APPEARANCE IN THE STRUCTURE OF VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF YOUNG PEOPLE WHO ARE CONCERNED ABOUT IT OR SATISFIED WITH IT." PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT 10, no. 4 (39) (2022): 383–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/humj2022104383-393.
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The paper considers attractive appearance as a value in the structure of value orientations of young people who are either concerned about their appearance or satisfied with it. It contains an overview of research on the subject. The author points out that, despite the growing interest in the problem of young people’s concern about their appearance, there is a lack of empirical studies that see appearance as a significant value for the young. The paper provides an analysis of studies that apply a value approach, considering an attractive appearance as a predictor of success in various spheres of life, which is especially important at the stage of growing up, when negative assessment of one’s appearance by others can provoke heavy feelings and disadaptation. It presents the results of a research aimed at the analysis of the structure of value orientations, including the value of attractive appearance among young people. The tested hypothesis assumed that the structure of value orientations may vary and contain a value of an attractive appearance when studied in young people who are concerned about their appearance or satisfied with it. The results showed a significant correlation between the value of an attractive appearance and the indicators of the students’ concern about it. Significant differences were found in the structure of value orientations of young people concerned about their appearance and those satisfied with it.
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Nilsson, Anders, Kristoffer Magnusson, Per Carlbring, Gerhard Andersson, and Clara Hellner Gumpert. "The Development of an Internet-Based Treatment for Problem Gamblers and Concerned Significant Others: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Gambling Studies 34, no. 2 (2017): 539–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10899-017-9704-4.
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Dowling, Nicki A. "Commentary on Nilsson et al . (2020): The development of effective interventions for concerned significant others affected by gambling harms." Addiction 115, no. 7 (2020): 1343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.15026.
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Graham, Hilary, Alexander Harrison, and Pete Lampard. "Public Perceptions of Climate Change and Its Health Impacts: Taking Account of People’s Exposure to Floods and Air Pollution." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (2022): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042246.
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Climate change-related exposures such as flooding and ambient air pollution place people’s health at risk. A representative UK survey of adults investigated associations between reported flooding and air pollution (in the participants’ local area, by the participant personally, and/or by family and close friends) and climate change concerns (CCC) and perceptions of its health impacts (PIH). In regression analyses controlling for socio-demographic factors and health status, exposure was associated with greater CCC and more negative PIH. Compared to those with low CCC, participants who reported local-area exposure were significantly more likely to be fairly (OR 2.07, 95%CI 1.26, 3.40) or very concerned (OR 3.40, 95%CI 2.02, 5.71). Odds of greater CCC were higher for those reporting personal and/or family exposure (‘fairly concerned’: OR 2.83, 95%CI 1.20, 6.66; ‘very concerned’: OR 4.11, 95%CI 1.69, 10.05) and for those reporting both local and personal/family exposure (‘fairly concerned’: OR 3.35, 95%CI 1.99, 5.63; ‘very concerned’: OR 6.17, 95%CI 3.61, 10.55). For PIH, local exposure significantly increased the odds of perceiving impacts as ‘more bad than good’ (1.86, 95%CI 1.22, 2.82) or ‘entirely bad’ (OR 1.88; 95%CI 1.13, 3.13). Our study suggests that public awareness of climate-related exposures in their local area, together with personal exposures and those of significant others, are associated with heightened concern about climate change and its health impacts.
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Gunaga, Rajesh, M. Hanumantha, Girish Shahapurmath, and R. Vasudeva. "Clonal Variation for Loranthus infestation in Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.)." Indian Journal of Forestry 34, no. 2 (2011): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2011-58c64p.
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Dendrophthoe falcata var. pubescens, commonly known as Loranthus is one of the important epiphytic parasites of Teak plantations, which can cause substantial economic losses. It is generally observed that certain clones harbour a higher number of Loranthus than others. However, susceptibility of different Teak clones to Loranthus infestation has not been documented in India. Here we report on the clonal variation for this aspect in one of the Teak clonal seed orchards (CSOs) of Karnataka. All the ramets in the CSO (n=625) were scored for the number of mistletoes on them. A weighted score was developed to assess clonal variation for Loranthus infestation, considering percent ramets infested and the number of mistletoes per individual. Around 37 percent of the ramets in the CSO were infested by at least one parasite, which is akin to the infestation levels among neighboring Teak plantations. However, significant variation for the Loranthus infestation was observed among 24 clones studied. Clones- MySS1 and MySS2 were found to be least infested (i.e. 3.8 and 4.0% ramets), whereas clone- MyHaV2 showed highest Loranthus infestation of 48.1%. Although the influence of origin of clone on the Loranthus infestation was significant, provenancial effect on the trait was weak. Based on the score developed, four clones (viz., MySS1, MySS2, MyHaD2 and MyHaD1) were classified as ‘tolerant’, five clones were under ‘highly susceptible’ (viz., MyHuT4, MyHuT5, MyHuT8, MyHaV4 and MyHaV2) and rest of the 15 clones were ‘susceptible’. None of the clones were absolutely resistant against Loranthus infestation. Perhaps this is the first report on clonal variation for Loranthus infestation in Karnataka. We discuss the plausible reasons for such clonal variation.
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Lai Meng, Lee, and Kok Hui Meian. "Celebrity Endorsement’s Effects on Youths’ Cosmetic Buying Behavior: A Study in a Malaysian University." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI6 (December 30, 2018): 1239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.1239.1245.
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The Malaysian cosmetic industry is currently operating in a competitive market. For brands to stand out and gain a competitive advantage over others, marketers are turning towards the use of celebrity endorsement in advertisements. Therefore, it is important for advertisers of cosmetic brands to be aware of the properties in celebrity endorsement that can influence their customer’s buying behavior. The objective of this study is to investigate the significant effects of celebrity credibility, attractiveness and popularity on female youth’s cosmetic buying behavior. This quantitative cross sectional study utilizes data obtained from a personally administered questionnaire. A sample of 253 female youths from a university was chosen using the convenience sampling method. Various statistical analyses were conducted via the SPSS statistical package. The findings indicate that the properties of celebrity attractiveness and popularity had positive and significant effects on consumer buying behavior, however, celebrity credibility did not. This suggests that female youths are more concerned about the physical attractiveness and likeability of the endorsers when making decisions, whilst not concerned about the credibility of the endorser such as expertise and trustworthiness. The study concludes with the discussion and implications as well as limitations and suggestions for future re-search.
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Salonen, Anne H., Hannu Alho, and Sari Castrén. "Gambling frequency, gambling problems and concerned significant others of problem gamblers in Finland: Cross-sectional population studies in 2007 and 2011." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 43, no. 3 (2015): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494815569866.
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Chung, Maria, Moon Sook Jung, and Shin Jung Kim. "Social Support and Hope of the Unwed Mothers in the Facilities." Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 6, no. 1 (2000): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2000.6.1.18.
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Social support may play an important role in relieving the feelings of guilt and shame of unwed mothers due to social insults and ignorance and in helping them from physical and psychological harm caused by them. In addition hope may encourage to seek out a new way of life. To determine if a relationship between perceived social support and hope exists in unwed mothers a descriptive study was conducted in the facilities providing basic data for promoting the health of unwed mothers. A demographic data sheet and two instruments were used : Indirectly Perceived Social Support Scale(IPSSS) developed by Park Jee Won9revised by Jo Moo Yong), Miller Hope Scale(adapted and revised by Lee Mi Ja), 95 unmarried mothers participated. The mean score of perceived social support was 3.17. Family support was the highest(3.47) and unwed father support was the lowest(2.53) in sub-scales. Material support(3.53) was the highest in family support. Emotional support(3.58) was the highest in friends support. Informational support(3.39) was the highest in facilities-concerned personal support. The mean score of hope was 3.41 : the satisfaction with self, others and life was the highest(3.82) and anticipation of future was the lowest(3.27) in sub-scale. There was not a statistically significant relationship between social support and hope. A statistically significant relationship was found between facilities-concerned personal support and hope. In conclusion, facilities-concerned positive encouragement for unwed mothers and a program promoting support and hope from families, friends and unwed father are necessary to promote hope and health in unwed mothers.
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Selikowitz, Anne. "Therapeutic frames – exploring the relationship between psychiatry and visual art." Australasian Psychiatry 28, no. 6 (2020): 653–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856220936149.
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Objectives: While mental illness has long been associated with states of heightened creativity, the intersection between psychiatry and art warrants further exploration. This paper seeks to examine some fundamental concerns common to both disciplines, highlighting the therapeutic potential of visual art within psychiatric practice. Conclusions: Psychiatry and art are both concerned with the visual embodiment of abstract internal states, compelling us to deconstruct surface appearances in the pursuit of deeper meaning. Both also offer a window into the manifold ways in which others perceive the world. In a practical sense, art has significant therapeutic value, providing patients and clinicians with novel ways of processing emotions and fostering self-expression and agency.
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Albert, Leslie Jordan, Timothy R. Hill, and Shailaja Venkatsubramanyan. "Effects of Perceiver / Target Gender and Social Networking Presence on Web-Based Impression Formation." International Journal of E-Politics 2, no. 2 (2011): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jep.2011040104.
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As the Web has expanded in its use and utility it has fundamentally changed the way in which individuals gather and use information. This paper suggests that those changes give rise to tangible and significant effects in the impressions people form of others using Web-based information. This study explores the impacts of perceiver gender, target gender, and social networking presence on subjects’ perceptions of potential teammates otherwise unknown to them as revealed by ratings they assign based only on search engine results. Experiments reveal differences in how male and female perceivers view others’ social networking activity in general and suggest that how the perceiver gender matches, or differs, from the gender of the target affects how social networking presence plays into impression formation. Findings hold implications for professionals, academics and individuals concerned with the role that Web-based information plays in impression formation and how inherent gender-based biases may affect power and politics in the workplace and beyond.
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Bouma-Sims, Elijah, Sanjnah Ananda Kumar, and Lorrie Faith Cranor. "Exploring the Privacy Experiences of Closeted Users of Online Dating Services in the US." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2024, no. 2 (2024): 160–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.56553/popets-2024-0046.
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Online dating services present significant privacy risks, especially for LGBTQ+ people who are "in the closet" and have not shared their LGBTQ+ identity with others. We conducted a survey (n = 114) and nine follow-up interviews with US-based, closeted users of online dating services focused on their privacy experience. We found that participants in the study were strongly concerned about the risk of being seen by social relations and institutional data sharing practices like targeted advertising. Participants experienced a range of privacy and safety harms, including inadvertent outing, unauthorized saving and sharing of photos, extortion, and harassment. To protect their privacy, participants typically limited the amount of information and the photos they included in their profile. In order to improve their privacy experience, participants requested better profile visibility controls, limits on the ability of others to download or screenshot their photos, better user verification, and making premium privacy features available for free.
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Joshi, S. "Does peers’ sexual behaviors affect adolescents’ sexual behaviors?" Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal 27, no. 2 (2005): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.189.
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This study is aimed to determine female adolescents’ reproductive and sexual health behaviors in order to promote healthy reproductive behaviors. A descriptive correlation design was used to identify the main predictor of female adolescents’ reproductive and sexual health behaviors. Four hundred samples were selected from urban government schools of Lalitpur; findings revealed thatmore then half of respondents (56%) felt very comfortable to communicate with their peer than others. There were statistically significant relationships between female adolescents’ with their peers’reproductive and sexual health behaviors (r = 0.646; p = <0.05). Further analysis revealed that peers’ reproductive and sexual health behaviors were the main predictor of female adolescents’ reproductive health behaviors (B = 646, t = 15.91 p <0.05). Perhaps, to tackle the developmental needs, female adolescents took help of their peers than with others. If concerned authorities desire for responsible reproductive health behaviors among female adolescents, the trained peer groups need to be involved in health delivery system whilerendering services to this vulnerable group
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Clayton, Jordan, Kerensa Hocken, and Nicholas Blagden. "A compassionate intervention for individuals with problematic sexual interests: Group and individual outcomes in the UK." Abuse: An International Impact Journal 3, no. 2 (2022): 4–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2022.035.
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The present paper discusses one of the first free community-based therapeutic interventions (The Aurora Project) in the UK, for individuals who are distressed by their sexual thoughts and behaviour and/or concerned they are a potential risk to others. The clinical approach to working with this population takes a compassion-focused stance. This paper tracks progress pre-post intervention on various psychological wellbeing measures. Results indicated a statistically significant increase in self-esteem and social safeness, as well as a reduction in internalised shame. Reliable change index analyses indicated clinically significant group improvement in shame and self-esteem. Participants’ fears of compassion were unchanged as a group. Individual-level analyses of change are presented. Limitations of the study and implications for research and practice are then discussed.
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Frigren, Pirita, Tiina Hemminki, and Ilkka Nummela. "Experiencing and Encountering Impoverishment in Nineteenth-Century Finland." Journal of Finnish Studies 20, no. 1 (2017): 5–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.20.1.02.
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Abstract The nineteenth century in Finland was characterized by significant societal changes. Since 1809 a Grand Duchy of imperial Russia, Finland began to transform from an early modern society of estates to a modern civic society. The end of the nineteenth century was characterized by significant economic growth. Despite this general development, for many people this era signaled impoverishment and downward mobility that affected even the next generations. A fresh look at the economic threats on various societal layers is called for. In this theme issue we are concerned with socially varying dimensions of destitution, its manifestations, and the ways in which it was experienced and repelled. We explore the manifold and fruitful sources available, some of which are as yet little explored, while others afford novel approaches to the history of poverty.
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Laksmidewi, Dwinita, and Reinandus Aditya Gunawan. "Fear of Covid-19: Its Impact on Consumer Lifestyle, Buying Behavior and Pro-Social Behavior." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 11 (2023): e1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i11.1351.
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Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine whether consumers’ fear of COVID-19 encourages consumers to live a simple lifestyle, buy only what is needed, empathize with others' difficulties, and engage in pro-social behavior. This research indicates that consumer behavior cannot be separated from the emotional component. Those negative emotions (fear) can encourage positive behavior, such as simplicity and pro-social behavior. Method: We used a survey method. Taking samples of consumers in big cities in Indonesia, this research model is processed by OLS regression with mediation testing. Results: The results showed that high fear of COVID-19 creates consumer anxiety, which then has a significant effect on a simplicity lifestyle and ultimately affects buying behavior and the desire to give goodness to others without expecting anything in return. Conclusion: The threat of death to oneself and one's family creates a significant sense of fear. When the fear is felt, consumers return to the fulfilment of basic needs, and more concerned with product function than style. This study provides suggestions for marketers and further research to be able to use fear as a tactic, or communication appeals to encourage consumers to behave in a sustainable manner.
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Rogoff, Simon, Alesia Moulton-Perkins, Fiona Warren, Tobias Nolte, and Peter Fonagy. "‘Rich’ and ‘poor’ in mentalizing: Do expert mentalizers exist?" PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (2021): e0259030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259030.
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Mentalization theory is concerned with the capacity to notice, and make sense of, thoughts and feelings in self and others. This development may be healthy or impaired and therefore, by extension, it may be theorized that expertise in mentalizing can exist. Furthermore, a continuum from impairment to expertise should exist within separate dimensions of mentalizing: of self and of others. This study hypothesized that three groups would be distinguishable on the basis of their mentalizing capacities. In a cross-sectional design, Psychological Therapists (‘expert’ mentalizers; n = 51), individuals with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (‘poor’ mentalizers; n = 43) and members of the general population (‘non-clinical controls’; n = 35) completed a battery of self-report measures. These assessed the mentalizing of self and of others (using an extended version of the Reflective Function Questionnaire (RFQ18)), alexithymia and cognitive empathy. As hypothesized, Psychological Therapists’ scores were higher than controls on self-mentalizing and control group scores were higher than those with BPD. Cognitive empathy scores in the BPD group indicated markedly lower capacities than the other two groups. Contrary to predictions, no significant differences were found between groups on mentalizing others in RFQ18 scores. The Psychological Therapist and BPD profiles were characterized by differential impairment with regards to mentalizing self and others but in opposing directions. Results suggest that the RFQ18 can identify groups with expertise in mentalizing. Implications of these results for the effectiveness of psychological therapy and of Psychological Therapists are discussed.
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Freeman, K., G. Da Costa, J. Binney, L. Blitz, F. Matteucci, and D. Spergel. "Division VII: Galactic System: (Systeme Galactique)." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 1 (2000): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00003199.
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The scientific interests of Division VII are concerned with the Galactic system. Its two constituent commissions are Commission 33 (Structure and Dynamics of the Galactic System) and Commission 37 (Star Clusters and Associations). Please refer to the reports of these two commissions for the scientific highlights and lists of major conferences in this area.Study of the Galactic system involves a wide range of astrophysics and astronomical techniques, and the fields covered by many other commissions are therefore of very significant interest to Division VII. In particular, astronomers with interests in the Galactic system could consider reading also the reports of Commissions 5, 7, 24-30, 34-36, 40, 44 and 45, among others.
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Redican, Bede, and Debbie Sue Hadley. "A Field Studies Project in a City Health and Leisure Club." Sociology of Sport Journal 5, no. 1 (1988): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.5.1.50.
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In recent publications of Featherstone (1982) and Orbach (1985) it is claimed that women are concerned with attaining and displaying the ideal outer body image, and with taking responsibility for maintaining their inner body health. This project examines the extent to which women involved in regular attendance at aerobic exercise sessions at a city health and leisure club perceived their participation in terms of these foreshadowed issues. Methodologically, it draws upon two techniques from the field-studies approach to social investigation. A participant observation program was carried out and a specific interview technique was used. Through the subsequent theory/data dialogue, the extent to which these foreshadowed issues and others emerged as significant is considered.
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Bottel, Laura, Bert Theodor te Wildt, Matthias Brand, Magdalena Pape, Stephan Herpertz, and Jan Dieris-Hirche. "Telemedicine as bridge to the offline world for person affected with problematic internet use or internet use disorder and concerned significant others." DIGITAL HEALTH 9 (January 2023): 205520762211441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076221144185.
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Introduction Internet use disorder is a disorder of the digital age and presents a growing problem worldwide . It appears that due to structural and personal barriers, many persons affected (PA) and Concerned Significant Others (CSO) do not reach the health care system so far and thus a chronification of the pathology can proceed. Methods A telemedicine counseling service for PA and CSO of PA unwilling to enter treatment with two webcam-based sessions of 60 minutes for each group was created with the aim of reaching out to PA and CSO to provide a low-threshold support and refer the participants to the local health care system. Motivational interviewing for PA and CRAFT (Community Reinforcement and Family Training) for CSO were used as methods. Participants answered questions about their Internet use and sociodemographic data and six months after participation, participants were asked via email if they entered the local health care system. CSO answered the questions for themselves and in a third-party rating for PA unwilling to enter treatment. Results 107 PA (34 years ( SD = 13.64), 86% male) and 38 CSO (53 years ( SD = 6.11), 28.9% male) participated in the two telemedicine sessions. After participation, 43.9% of the PA and 42.1% of the CSO reached the health care system. When there was consistency between the location of telemedicine consultation and treatment locally, over 90% of participants arrived (PA: 92.3%, CSO: 100%). Conclusion The results from this study reveal that telemedicine services could be a promising approach to address PA and CSO and build a bridge to the local health care system. Future studies should verify if these results can be replicated in randomized controlled trials.
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Burger, J. H., and W. D. Hamman. "Measuring capital intensity in South African companies listed in the Industrial Section of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)." South African Journal of Business Management 30, no. 4 (1999): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v30i4.762.
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The authors investigated selected listed companies in the Industrial Section of the JSE to determine the degree of capital-intensity of the selected companies. This is done by calculating various measures of capital intensity of the companies concerned and ranking the companies accordingly. Statistical analyses were done to investigate for significant differences between various measures, as well as between and within sectors of the Industrial Section of the JSE. It was found that overall there are no significant differences between the rankings of the ratios. Between sectors overall, there are significant differences between the rankings of ratios. Based upon years, however, there are no significant differences. Within sectors and between sectors per ratio, there are significant differences between the rankings of the ratios. From the analyses it is clear that the sectors are not homogeneously compiled, but are quite diversified: The measures of capital-intensity used also do not explain the same phenomenon. It has also been found that some companies display a dualism in that they are capital-intensive on some measures and capital-unintensive on others.
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Albert, Leslie Jordan, Timothy R. Hill, and Tatyana Rozenblum. "An Empirical Investigation of the Effects of Gender and Quantity of Search Results on Web-Based Impression Formation." Journal of Information Technology Research 6, no. 1 (2013): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2013010103.
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The ease and convenience of Web-based search engines has fundamentally changed information gathering and use and given rise to tangible and significant effects in the way we form impressions of others. This study explores how the quantity of relevant search engine results affects individuals’ selection of potential partners in a team project scenario. Experimental data reveals a distinct bias favoring potential partners associated with many results as compared to those with few results, even when the results are devoid of meaningful individuating value, assuming the proportion of social media occurrences is held constant. By contrast, there was no evidence of effect from gender stereotyping as would be expected due to social categorization tendencies in contexts that provide minimal discriminating information such as the experimental scenario. Indeed there was only minimal evidence of gender effect in interaction with the result quantity factor, further highlighting the relative predominance of the latter. Findings help underscore the value of managing one’s online identity and hold implications for professionals, academics and individuals concerned with how the Web affects the way we form impressions of others.
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Moon, Miri, and Jae-chul Shim. "Social media effects?" Journal of Communication Management 23, no. 4 (2019): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-01-2019-0002.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships among media exposure, general scientific knowledge and the public’s risk perceptions of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). Design/methodology/approach Data for this study are based on a survey of 1,001 South Korean adult consumers (502 females and 499 males). The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0, and multiple linear regression was performed to examine the relationships between risk perceptions and the types of media channel exposure, as well as between risk perceptions and general scientific knowledge. Findings Results showed that among the measured socio-demographic characteristics, gender was a significant factor. With regard to the variability of media exposure, individuals who were exposed to more internet news were found to have higher risk perceptions in terms of how BSE could affect themselves, while respondents who were more exposed to social networking sites (SNSs) were concerned about how the disease could affect others. Originality/value This study provides additional evidence of the third-person effect in risk perceptions of BSE, filling scientific knowledge gaps. Hence, this study suggests that the types of media channels (internet news, television and SNSs) should be considered as significant predictors of risk perceptions about food hazards related to the health of the consumer and others.
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Engelsen, Søren. "Wellbeing Competence." Philosophies 7, no. 2 (2022): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies7020042.
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This article presents and analyzes the basic features of wellbeing competence. Following a procedural approach to wellbeing, I propose wellbeing competence as a significant object of focus in the philosophical debate on wellbeing. Instead of being concerned one-sidedly with abstract ideals and explicit, theoretical knowledge about what constitutes wellbeing, wellbeing competence is the ability to handle the concrete process of living well and helping others live well in a generally qualified way. This article presents a theory that considers wellbeing competence a complex form of knowing how. Further, it outlines central aspects and components of wellbeing competence. I suggest four components to play central functional roles in wellbeing competence when supplementing each other: empathy, emotional awareness, flexible perspective, and metacognition.
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RIVERS, ISABEL. "Responses to Hume on Religion by Anglicans and Dissenters." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 52, no. 4 (2001): 675–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046901008648.
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David Hume's attacks on religion posed particular problems of method and approach for those who undertook to reply to them. This article is concerned with the responses of two main groups from the mid-eighteenth century to the early nineteenth: a number of Anglicans and Episcopalians, and a smaller group of rational Dissenters. The responses of some of these are well known, but those of others have not hitherto been investigated. The essay charts a definite shift from wit and ridicule to reasoned and mannerly response as the appropriate way to deal with infidelity. Most respondents assumed that Hume could be adequately refuted by rehearsing old arguments; however, a small but significant number maintained that his infidelity was of positive value for the future of Christianity.
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Elcock, Howard. "Regionalism and Regionalisation in Britain and North America." British Journal of Politics and International Relations 5, no. 1 (2003): 74–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-856x.00096.
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Regionalism: the development of governments and governance structures intermediate between state and local levels has become increasingly significant in the government of both Britain and the United States. Functional issues concerned with the regeneration of rustbelt areas or controlling growth in prosperous areas have resulted in searches for regionalist solutions on both sides of the Atlantic. However, in Britain there are additional pressures from regions with distinctive cultures, as well as from the increasingly influential ‘Europe of the Regions’. Demands for regional government and governance may be generated from the bottom up by a region's politicians, business leaders and others but they are unlikely to be successful unless they are encouraged by higher levels of government, at state, national or supranational levels.