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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Computers”

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Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 6 września 2023

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1

Kaplan, Bonnie. "The Medical Computing “lag”: Perceptions of Barriers to the Application of Computers to Medicine". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 3, nr 1 (styczeń 1987): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646230001179x.

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Since the early days of medical computing, medical computer researchers have envisioned how computers could benefit medical research and practice and have deplored the inability of medicine to take full advantage of the computer's power. They, and others, have analyzed the causes for the medical computing “lag.” These analyses identify a wide range of difficulties that the introduction of computers into medicine faced, and continues to face.

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Vannier, Michael W. "Computers in Computer Axial Tomography". Computers in Physics 2, nr 5 (1988): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4822775.

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Proctor, Romina M., i Paul C. Burnett. "Computer Attitude and Classroom Computers". Computers in the Schools 12, nr 3 (22.11.1996): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j025v12n03_05.

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SEA, C. "Computer ignorance or ignorant computers?" Annals of Emergency Medicine 15, nr 10 (październik 1986): 1238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(86)80877-0.

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Kirkland, Will. "Computers and Translation: Computer Dictionaries". Translation Review 42-43, nr 1 (wrzesień 1993): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07374836.1993.10523611.

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Levin, Tamar, i Claire Gordon. "Effect of Gender and Computer Experience on Attitudes toward Computers". Journal of Educational Computing Research 5, nr 1 (luty 1989): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/vepg-500c-2awm-1k15.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which gender and prior computer exposure (has a computer at home; participated in a computer course; knows how to work with computers) affect students' attitudes toward computers prior to computer instruction in school. An attitude questionnaire including cognitive and affective attitude scales was administered to 222 Israeli pupils in grades 8 through 10 who study in schools where computers have not yet been introduced. The results showed that prior computer exposure (in particular, having a computer at home), had a stronger effect on attitudes toward computers than sex. Pupils owning computers were more motivated to become familiar with computers; felt a stronger need for computers in their lives and had more positive affective attitudes toward computers than pupils who don't have computers at home. Sex differences in affective and cognitive attitudes were also observed where boys had significantly more positive affective attitudes toward computers than girls. They perceived computers as being more “enjoyable,” “special,” “important,” “friendly,” and “cheaper” than girls. Furthermore, boys tended to hold more stereotyped attitudes about who is capable of using computers and had more positive attitudes toward the computer as a medium of instruction than girls.

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Shi, Xiao Ling, Xiao Ping Shi i Zhi Tian Zhang. "Study on Computer Failure Analysis and its Testing Methods". Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (wrzesień 2014): 961–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.961.

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In the process of using the computer, there will often be some failures which causes the computer not working properly or even cause data loss. This article analyses and discusses the maintenance method of computer hardware from the perspective of common faults of computers, hoping to help you to find the computer's fault quickly and accurately, effectively trouble shooting.

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Darvall, K. "Computers and Aboriginal Literacy". Aboriginal Child at School 14, nr 4 (wrzesień 1986): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200014474.

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Kids love computers. Computers are not seen as work but rather, games.I believe this to be true for most children. The exception would be the young computer buffs who become hooked on computer technology, and even for these computer buffs, it is probably still a game.Computer technology has become a fact of everyday life. We‘re all affected by computer technology. With this in mind, I believe it is essential that all children become familiar with computers, with regular ‘hands on’ experience. With the right selection of software, schools can incorporate computer-assisted learning across the curriculum. The experiences children have now with computers can lead to a variety of job opportunities in future years.

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Dannenberg, Roger B., Nicolas E. Gold, Dawen Liang i Guangyu Xia. "Methods and Prospects for Human–Computer Performance of Popular Music". Computer Music Journal 38, nr 2 (czerwiec 2014): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj_a_00238.

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Computers are often used in performance of popular music, but most often in very restricted ways, such as keyboard synthesizers where musicians are in complete control, or pre-recorded or sequenced music where musicians follow the computer's drums or click track. An interesting and yet little-explored possibility is the computer as highly autonomous performer of popular music, capable of joining a mixed ensemble of computers and humans. Considering the skills and functional requirements of musicians leads to a number of predictions about future human–computer music performance (HCMP) systems for popular music. We describe a general architecture for such systems and describe some early implementations and our experience with them.

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Yagou, Artemis. "Grafică făra Computer (Graphics without Computers)". Design Journal 18, nr 4 (2.10.2015): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2015.1109213.

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Sacks, Colin H., Yolanda Bellisimo i John Mergendoller. "Attitudes Toward Computers and Computer Use". Journal of Research on Computing in Education 26, nr 2 (grudzień 1993): 256–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08886504.1993.10782090.

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Bulling, Andreas, i Kai Kunze. "Eyewear computers for human-computer interaction". Interactions 23, nr 3 (26.04.2016): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2912886.

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Hyman, William A. "Medical Devices, Computers, and Computer Networks". Biomedical Safety & Standards 39, nr 1 (styczeń 2009): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.bmsas.0000342710.32111.54.

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Dorfman, Raul. "Computers and computer education in Argentina". ACM SIGCUE Outlook 20, nr 2 (czerwiec 1989): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/382145.382958.

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Chen, Xiangxi, Jacob Huang i Eddie Loh. "Computer generated holograms using personal computers". Optics and Lasers in Engineering 7, nr 2 (styczeń 1986): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-8166(86)90008-4.

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Gerson, Steven M. "Commentary: Teaching Technical Writing in a Collaborative Computer Classroom". Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 23, nr 1 (styczeń 1993): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/m21r-4atr-cj4r-rl15.

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Twenty years ago I had no idea what a computer was. Ten years ago I knew what computers were, but I had never sat at a terminal. I just assumed that computers were machines used in those “other” disciplines, certainly not in English courses. Today, I teach my technical writing classes in a collaborative computer classroom. The classroom consists of twelve networked computers which my twenty-four students per class use in tandem. Despite my original ignorance of computers, I'm now happily ensconced in a computer classroom. In fact, computers are so important, I've concluded, that teaching writing without the aid of computers does our students a disservice. How did I make such a complete turn-around in attitude? I realized that far from being anathema, computers helped to create a perfect marriage for teaching and writing. First, computers let students write more effectively because computers are compatible with the writing process (writing and rewriting). Next, teaching students to write in a collaborative computer environment prepares our students for business and industry where they will be asked to work on group projects and to communicate electronically. Despite the values of computerizing our instruction, however, computers in the classroom present problems. Do the benefits outweigh the deficits? My answer is yes.

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Hasbi, Muhammad, Murdjani Murdjani, Achmad Gufrans i Akbar Ela Heka. "Peningkatan Keterampilan Remaja Dengan Pelatihan Perbaikan PC Untuk Siswa SMKN2 Banjarmasin". Jurnal IMPACT: Implementation and Action 2, nr 2 (9.08.2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31961/impact.v2i2.848.

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Computers have been widely used in the community, because computers can ease human work. To operate it, you need special knowledge about computers to be able to run it properly. Although computers make human work easier, computers can also be damaged or error. Only some people can repair computers like computer technicians. Therefore, on this occasion we had the opportunity to provide training on how to assemble computers and repair them. With expertise in assembling and repairing computers, the community can also open up jobs that would certainly have a positive impact on the surrounding community. Computer users / Personal Computers (PC) have been found in various circles, one of them is SMKN2 students. But many computer uses (PC) do not know how to repair a computer in case of damage, not to mention a few technicians or computer experts who can be easily found. Because of this, damage to the computer will be a difficult problem to deal with. Although there are very few technicians that we can find, repairing or servicing computers requires quite expensive costs. On this occasion, we intend to hold community service in the form of PC technician training (Personal Computer) for SMA/SMK students who aim to provide understanding and skills in making repairs, assembling, and upgrading PCs with community service programs in the form of this training. Besides this training is not limited to the provision of theory, but combined with practice so that not only knowledge is given, but the skills and creativity that are honed in this training. Outcomes of this training are skills training services and publications in national service journals.

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Finch, Emma, i Anne J. Hill. "Computer use by People with Aphasia: A Survey Investigation". Brain Impairment 15, nr 2 (wrzesień 2014): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/brimp.2014.17.

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Computers are encountered increasingly in the clinical setting, including during aphasia rehabilitation. However, currently we do not know what people with aphasia think about using computers in therapy and daily life, or to what extent people with aphasia use computers in their everyday life. The present study explored: (1) the use of computers by people with aphasia; and (2) the perceptions of people with aphasia towards computers and computer-based therapy. Thirty-four people with aphasia completed an aphasia-friendly paper-based survey about their use of computers before and after the onset of their aphasia, and their attitudes towards computer-based aphasia therapy. There was a high level of computer usage by people with aphasia both before and after the onset of their aphasia. However, the nature of the computer use changed following aphasia onset, with a move away from work-based usage. The majority of the cohort used computers for aphasia therapy and liked using computer-based aphasia therapy, provided that the programs were perceived as appropriate for their individual needs. The results highlight the importance of exposing people with aphasia to computer-based aphasia therapy in a supported clinical environment, and the need to ensure that computer-based therapy is individualised for each client. It should be noted, however, that while the majority of participants reported positive experiences with using computers, this does not mean that the computer-based therapy software used was necessarily an effective treatment for aphasia.

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Ayu tiara sunja, Sunja, i Meilyana Winda Perdana. "Development of local area network (LAN) at SMK 1 belitang madang raya". International Journal Cister 1, nr 02 (1.08.2022): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.56481/cister.v1i02.150.

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The Internet is a global network of world computers, large and very broad where every computer is connected to each other from country to country around the world and contains various kinds of information [1]. The internet itself comes from the word interconnection networking which means the connection of many computer networks of various types and types, using communication types such as telephone, satellite, and others. In managing computer network integration using TCP or IP protocols. Local Area Network (LAN) consists of several computers connected in a network. In this network, each computer can access data from other computers. computers that are connected in a LAN can run hardware such as other computer printers, send data to other computer owners or play games together. The number of computers connected to the LAN is relatively small, such as home computers, internet cafes, schools and several other computers that are in one building. In this study, the researcher used a quantitative method approach to analyze the use of information and communication technology in the construction of a LAN network in the SMK Negeri 1 BMR school.

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Arrieux, Jacques P., Brittney L. Roberson, Katie N. Russell, Brian J. Ivins i Wesley R. Cole. "An Investigation of the Accuracy of Reaction Time Measurements on ANAM4 TBI-MIL Across Three Computer Platforms". Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, nr 7 (9.06.2020): 1145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa032.

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Abstract Study Design Using two observational methods and a within-subjects, counterbalanced design, this study aimed to determine if a computer’s hardware and software settings significantly affected reaction time (RT) on the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (Version 4) Traumatic Brain Injury Military (ANAM4 TBI-MIL). Methods Three computer platforms were investigated: Platform 1—older computers recommended for ANAM4 TBI-MIL administration, Platform 2—newer computers with settings downgraded to run like the older computers, and Platform 3—newer computers with default settings. Two observational methods were used to compare measured RT to observed RT on all three platforms: 1, a high-speed video analysis to compare the timing of stimulus onset and response to the measured RT and 2, comparing a preset RT delivered by a robotic key actuator activated by optic detector to the measured RT. Additionally, healthy active duty service members (n = 169) were administered a brief version of the ANAM4 TBI-MIL battery on each of the three platforms. Results RT differences were observed with both the high-speed video and robotic arm analyses across all three computer platforms, with the smallest discrepancies between observed and measured RT on Platform 1, followed by Platform 2, then Platform 3. When simple reaction time (SRT) raw and standardized scores obtained from the participants were compared across platforms, statistically significant and clinically meaningful differences were seen, especially between Platforms 1 and 3. Conclusions A computer’s configurations have a meaningful impact on ANAM SRT scores. The difference in an individual’s performance across platforms could be misinterpreted as clinically meaningful change.

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Wang, Junchao, Guoping Guo i Zheng Shan. "SoK: Benchmarking the Performance of a Quantum Computer". Entropy 24, nr 10 (14.10.2022): 1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24101467.

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The quantum computer has been claimed to show more quantum advantage than the classical computer in solving some specific problems. Many companies and research institutes try to develop quantum computers with different physical implementations. Currently, most people only focus on the number of qubits in a quantum computer and consider it as a standard to evaluate the performance of the quantum computer intuitively. However, it is quite misleading in most times, especially for investors or governments. This is because the quantum computer works in a quite different way than classical computers. Thus, quantum benchmarking is of great importance. Currently, many quantum benchmarks are proposed from different aspects. In this paper, we review the existing performance benchmarking protocols, models, and metrics. We classify the benchmarking techniques into three categories: physical benchmarking, aggregative benchmarking, and application-level benchmarking. We also discuss the future trend for quantum computer’s benchmarking and propose setting up the QTOP100.

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Nickell, Gary S., i Paul C. Seado. "The Impact of Attitudes and Experience on Small Business Computer Use". American Journal of Small Business 10, nr 4 (kwiecień 1986): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225878601000404.

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This study investigates the attitudes of small business owners/managers toward computers and how computers are used in small businesses. A survey of 236 firms revealed that a majority of the respondents are currently using computers. In general, owners/managers have a positive attitude toward computers. Respondents who have taken a computer class, own a microcomputer, or whose businesses are using computers have a more positive attitude toward computers. The most frequent business computer applications were accounting, mailing lists, and storing information. The most frequently reported personal applications were word processing, accounting, and budgeting. Implications for further computerization of small businesses are discussed.

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Sadiku, Matthew N. O., Nana K. Ampah i Sarhan M. Musa. "Tablet Computers". International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-5 (31.08.2018): 1582–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd17115.

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Dugdale, Sharon, Elyon Dekoven i Mi-Kyung Ju. "Computer Course Enrollment, Home Computer Access, and Gender: Relationships to High School Students' Success with Computer Spreadsheet Use for Problem Solving in Pre-Algebra". Journal of Educational Computing Research 18, nr 1 (styczeń 1998): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/6uak-j8h1-5d49-jpac.

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The increasing use of computer technology in schools has brought with it concerns about equity of access to this new resource. Research has documented gender, social class, and racial inequalities in access to computers, and has linked computer access and experience to success in computer-related courses. This study examined the effects of home computer access and computer course enrollment on mathematically weak high school students' success in applying computers as a learning resource in a pre-algebra course. The course featured regular use of teacher-designed spreadsheet activities that engaged students in mathematical investigation and problem solving. Enrollment in a computer course was a significant predictor of success during students' early experiences in applying computers for mathematical problem solving. Home computer access was related to initial success for females, and the advantage of enrollment in a computer course was greater for females who had access to home computers than for those who did not. These initial advantages diminished with continued use of computers in the curricular context.

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Gunawan, Ridwan, i Hagni Wijayanti. "PEMODELAN VEISV DENGAN PENANGGULANGAN KARANTINA DAN VAKSINASI PADA PENYEBARAN VIRUS KOMPUTER". Interval : Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika 1, nr 1 (29.03.2021): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/interval.v1i1.3184.

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At this time computers and the Internet has become our daily needs, If the computer or the Internet network is disrupted, then it will interfere with our daily productivity. Usually computers and Internet will be disrupted if attacked by a virus, it can anticipate the computer's interference so as not to happen mass destruction on the computer or barriers to our daily productivity, we need to know the pattern of the spread of the Internet virus. Mathematical modelling can be one method to know the pattern of the spread of computer virus, so that if there is increasing the spread can be minimized. The models used in this study are VEISV models with Quarantine and Vaccination Enhancement. From the model get a reproduction number. Based on stability analysis of fixed point with criterion of Routh-Hurtwitz obtained first fixed point and second fixed point, then done arrangement of syntax to know rate of spread of computer virus. From the analysis results obtained the pattern of the spread of computer virus on virus free condition and virus infected.Keywords: Computer Virus, Quarantine and Vaccination, VEISV.

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TAMAGAWA, Ken, Noboru KAMIJO i Tadanobu INOUE. "Wearing Computers : Wearable Computers". Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 106, nr 1014 (2003): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.106.1014_357.

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Oraevsky, A. N. "Quantum computers? … Coherent computers!" Optics and Spectroscopy 91, nr 3 (wrzesień 2001): 438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1405225.

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Buriboev, Abror, i Azamjon Muminov. "Computer State Evaluation Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems". Sensors 22, nr 23 (5.12.2022): 9502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239502.

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Several crucial system design and deployment decisions, including workload management, sizing, capacity planning, and dynamic rule generation in dynamic systems such as computers, depend on predictive analysis of resource consumption. An analysis of the computer components’ utilizations and their workloads is the best way to assess the performance of the computer’s state. Especially, analyzing the particular or whole influence of components on another component gives more reliable information about the state of computer systems. There are many evaluation techniques proposed by researchers. The bulk of them have complicated metrics and parameters such as utilization, time, throughput, latency, delay, speed, frequency, and the percentage which are difficult to understand and use in the assessing process. According to these, we proposed a simplified evaluation method using components’ utilization in percentage scale and its linguistic values. The use of the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model and fuzzy set theory offers fantastic prospects to realize use impact analyses. The purpose of the study is to examine the usage impact of memory, cache, storage, and bus on CPU performance using the Sugeno type and Mamdani type ANFIS models to determine the state of the computer system. The suggested method is founded on keeping an eye on how computer parts behave. The developed method can be applied for all kinds of computing system, such as personal computers, mainframes, and supercomputers by considering that the inference engine of the proposed ANFIS model requires only its own behavior data of computers’ components and the number of inputs can be enriched according to the type of computer, for instance, in cloud computers’ case the added number of clients and network quality can be used as the input parameters. The models present linguistic and quantity results which are convenient to understand performance issues regarding specific bottlenecks and determining the relationship of components.

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Teo, Timothy. "Perceived Importance, Enjoyment, and Anxiety as Correlates of Computer Attitudes". Psychological Reports 100, nr 1 (luty 2007): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.1.127-135.

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A sample of 138 students was assessed for their computer attitudes using a Likert-type questionnaire with three subscales: Computer Importance, Computer Enjoyment, and Computer Anxiety. An overall positive attitude towards computers was found. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed no significant differences in computer attitudes by gender although male students reported more positive attitudes towards computers than female students. Implications for educators include managing the perceptions of students that the computers are useful for learning purposes, in addition to using them for leisure and entertainment.

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Damasceno, Adriana Carla, Mayrlla Lopes, Rafael Andrade, Silvana Nóbrega i Israel Almeida. "Descrevendo o uso dos computadores nas escolas públicas da Paraíba". Revista Brasileira de Informática na Educação 24, nr 03 (20.02.2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/rbie.2016.24.3.47.

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The usage of computers in public schools helps the students learning. Computers provide ways to illustrate concepts and access to a wide range of information. However, the computers are not used in most public schools. This work intends to identify how computers are used in public schools from the Paraíba countryside. For this, we applied 735 forms for students and 134 forms for teachers. We summarized data and applied statistical tests to identify correlations among the statistical variables Knowledge in computer technology, Informatics infrastructure, and Computer usage. We found that informatics laboratories have daily usage, the majority of teachers has Internet access and computer at home, the majority of students has smartphones and they use Internet. Besides that, teachers and students that use computers have access to high informatics infrastructure and high knowledge in computers, but more than a half of the students do not have classes in the informatics laboratory. In the statistical analysis, there is no relation among variables when we analyze data from students and teachers, with exception of informatics knowledge and computer usage for students.

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Lucenko, Volodymyr M., i Dmytro O. Progonov. "Protection of computers from side electromagnetic radiation during monitor images formation". Applied Aspects of Information Technology 4, nr 4 (21.12.2021): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/aait.04.2021.7.

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Reliable protection of confidential data processed in critical information infrastructure elements of public institutions and private organizations is topical task today. Of particular interest are methods to prevent the leakage of confidential data by localizing informative (dangerous) signals that both carry an informative component, and have a signal level higher than predefined threshold. The increase in signal energy from personal computers is caused by increasing of its transistors switching speed. Modern passive shielding methods for secured computers, similar to the well-known program TEMPEST, require either costly and large shielding units or technological simplification by using of low-cost fragmentary shielding of computer’s individual elements. Therefore, localization of side electromagnetic radiation produced by personal computer is needed. The paper presents a cost-effective approach to reducing the level of computer’s electromagnetic radiation by passive method. The radiation are localized and measured by its estimation on personal computer’s elements, namely unshielded communication lines between video processor and a monitor, fragments of electric tracks on motherboards, etc. During experiments authors used ad-hoc miniature electric (ball antenna) and magnetic (Hall sensor) antennas connected to selective voltmeters. This approach significantly reduces the cost of equipment and measurements as well as requirements to analytics’ qualification for improving computer’s protection. Also, the alternative approach for computer protection is proposed. The approach is based on image content protection by distorting the image on the monitor instead of reducing electromagnetic radiation caused by signals from the monitor. The protection includes image scrambling using Arnold transform that randomly “shuffle” the lines in each frame.

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Marcoulides, George A. "The Relationship between Computer Anxiety and Computer Achievement". Journal of Educational Computing Research 4, nr 2 (maj 1988): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/j5n4-24hk-567v-at6e.

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Computers are rapidly being introduced into virtually every work setting. The ability to use computers, therefore, has become a crucial component in the educational process. Computer anxiety, however, may influence student abilities to master computer skills and consequently affect the degree to which computers can effectively be utilized. This study investigates the possible effects of computer anxiety on student achievement in computer skills. The results suggest that computer anxiety is an important predictor of computer achievement. Educational systems that seek to prepare students in the field of computer applications must, therefore, become particularly concerned with creating less stressful environments.

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MENON, NIKHIL. "‘Fancy Calculating Machine’: Computers and planning in independent India". Modern Asian Studies 52, nr 2 (2.10.2017): 421–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000135.

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AbstractIn the middle of the twentieth century, statistician P. C. Mahalanobis strove to haul India into the computer age. Convinced that these machines were integral to the future of economic planning in India, he and the Indian Statistical Institute mounted a campaign to bring India its first computers. In the years following independence, Mahalanobis and the Indian Statistical Institute acquired significant influence in the Indian planning process—culminating in them effectively authoring India's Second Five-Year Plan (1956–61). The tale of the computer's journey to India demonstrates that the decision to centrally plan independent India's economy, and the resultant explosion of official statistics, provided the justification for the pursuit of computers. They potentially solved what was considered centralized planning's greatest puzzle: big data. Mahalanobis persuaded the Indian government of the need to import computers for the purposes of development, and then negotiated the import of these exorbitantly expensive machines during visits to Europe, the United States of America and the Soviet Union. Needless to say, the question of which country would provide India its first computers would ruffle Cold War feathers. This article brings together and identifies a link between the research activities of the Indian Statistical Institute, its deepening association with economic planning and the installation of India's earliest computers.

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Qin, Peng. "Analysis of a Model for Computer Virus Transmission". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/720696.

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Computer viruses remain a significant threat to computer networks. In this paper, the incorporation of new computers to the network and the removing of old computers from the network are considered. Meanwhile, the computers are equipped with antivirus software on the computer network. The computer virus model is established. Through the analysis of the model, disease-free and endemic equilibrium points are calculated. The stability conditions of the equilibria are derived. To illustrate our theoretical analysis, some numerical simulations are also included. The results provide a theoretical basis to control the spread of computer virus.

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Krendl, Kathy A., i Mary Broihier. "Student Responses to Computers: A Longitudinal Study". Journal of Educational Computing Research 8, nr 2 (maj 1992): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/xtjj-bk1n-44dv-nxl0.

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The results of this study support critiques of the methodological limitations of the dominant approach to the study of computer effects in learning environments. That is, reports of short-term experimental applications of the technology have led to misleading generalizations about the computer's instructional potential. Using Clark's concept of media attributions, this study examines the evolution of students' (fourth through tenth grade) perceptions about computers on three dependent variables—preference, perceived learning, and perceived difficulty—over the course of three years. The findings demonstrate clear evidence of novelty effects. Students' judgments regarding preferences for computers declined significantly as did their perceptions of learning from the technology during the three years. Perceived difficulty of using computers, which was expected to decline, remained stable. In addition, both gender and age proved to be significantly related to all three dependent variables. Other students were consistently more skeptical about the technology than were younger students, and boys were consistently more positive than girls. These relationships showed no evidence of change over the course of three years.

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Guha, Smita. "Integrating Computers in Elementary Grade Classroom Instruction—Analyses of Teachers' Perceptions in Present and Preferred Situations". Journal of Educational Computing Research 24, nr 3 (kwiecień 2001): 275–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/69w7-hptu-wmqv-m8p3.

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This study explored elementary grade teachers' personal experience with instructional computing and the role of computers they would like to see in classroom instruction. One hundred forty-nine teachers from 15 elementary schools randomly chosen from two counties in western New York participated in the study. Teachers answered a survey questionnaire on their training and knowledge in computers, their comfort level in using computers for teaching, and computer usage in classroom instruction. The teachers also answered to what extent do they prefer to receive more training, be more comfortable using computers, and integrate computers more in their teaching. Based on teachers' responses, significant differences and positive correlation were found between teachers' present computer training, level of comfort, and computer usage in the classrooms as compared to their preferred training, comfort, and usage.

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Iskrenovic-Momcilovic, Olivera. "Using Computers in Teaching in Higher Education". Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 9, nr 4 (1.07.2018): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0116.

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Abstract This paper describes advantages of using computers in teaching, but also problems that occur, as well as possibilities for their elimination. The main goal of the research is the formation of images which show the use of computers in higher education. The paper presents the results of a survey conducted among students of the Faculty of Education in Sombor (Serbia) about the use of computers in teaching. A sample of 126 respondents comprises students of the last year of all study programs. The results show that students and professors have a positive attitude about using computers in education and knowledge dissemination through computers. Most of them think that teachers have mastered basic computer knowledge, but give priority to teachers who know how to work with a computer, as well as to younger teachers. Students believe that many barriers occur during the use of computers, among which the most important is the inaccessibility of technical equipment. All barriers can be overcome through useful and practical computer seminars.

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Russell, Michael. "Testing On Computers". education policy analysis archives 7 (8.06.1999): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v7n20.1999.

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Russell and Haney (1997) reported that open-ended test items administered on paper may underestimate the achievement of students accustomed to writing on computers. This study builds on Russell and Haney's work by examining the effect of taking open-ended tests on computers and on paper for students with different levels of computer skill. Using items from the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) and the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), this study focuses on language arts, science and math tests administered to eighth grade students. In addition, information on students' prior computer use and keyboarding speed was collected. Unlike the previous study that found large effects for open-ended writing and science items, this study reports mixed results. For the science test, performance on computers had a positive group effect. For the two language arts tests, an overall group effect was not found. However, for students whose keyboarding speed is at least 0.5 or one-half of a standard deviation above the mean, performing the language arts test on computer had a moderate positive effect. Conversely, for students whose keyboarding speed was 0.5 standard deviations below the mean, performing the tests on computer had a substantial negative effect. For the math test, performing the test on computer had an overall negative effect, but this effect became less pronounced as keyboarding speed increased. Implications are discussed in terms of testing policies and future research.

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Becker, Henry Jay, i Carleton W. Sterling. "Equity in School Computer Use: National Data and Neglected Considerations". Journal of Educational Computing Research 3, nr 3 (sierpień 1987): 289–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/427x-rkel-qla5-puk9.

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Since schools began using computers for instruction, social critics have questioned the equity of the apportionment of computer resources by sex, race, and social status. Data from our national survey of schools describe how computers are used with different groups of students. We find that the use of school computers differs most dramatically by student interest and ability. Boys and “better” students tend to dominate computer use. But the evidence is weak on the actual consequences of differential uses of computers. We raise, without resolving, the issue of whether schools should reallocate computer resources toward girls and less able students. A fair policy depends upon the relative value of computer-based instruction to fill the educational needs of all children. We need more experimental research to assess the relative value of computer applications in education.

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Abbate, Janet. ""People and Computers" at the Computer Museum". Technology and Culture 34, nr 3 (lipiec 1993): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3106716.

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Sibbald, K. E. "Computer-aided design/drafting on personal computers". Proceedings of the IEEE 73, nr 12 (1985): 1807–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/proc.1985.13372.

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Scown, Philip J. A., i Barbara McManus. "Educating computer people about people & computers". ACM SIGCHI Bulletin 28, nr 2 (kwiecień 1996): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/226650.226661.

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Matsukata, J. "Computer networking for large computers in Universities". ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 17, nr 5 (październik 1987): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/55483.55492.

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Barron, D. W. "Two cultures: computer science and personal computers". Endeavour 13, nr 1 (styczeń 1989): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(89)90047-1.

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GOTO, Eiji. "Using Computers and Computer Networks in U.S.A." Journal of Agricultural Meteorology 50, nr 2 (1994): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2480/agrmet.50.135.

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Xu Duan-Zheng i Shi Jun. "Computers: Computer analysis of the sequential trial". Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 7 (styczeń 1986): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(86)90343-3.

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Albert Friedman, B. "Computers III: Selecting a museum computer system". Museum Management and Curatorship 7, nr 3 (wrzesień 1988): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0260-4779(88)90039-8.

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Abbate, Janet. "“People and Computers” at the Computer Museum". Technology and Culture 34, nr 3 (lipiec 1993): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.1993.0057.

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Chen, Yaozhang. "Analysis of the Development of Computer Science and its Future Trend". Applied and Computational Engineering 8, nr 1 (1.08.2023): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/8/20230180.

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Computer science is one of the most influential innovations of the last century, including data structures, computer and network design, modeling data and information processes, and artificial intelligence. With the development of computer science, more and more people begin to pay attention to the importance of computers. This paper tells the history of computer science, and introduces some frontier technology of computer science. Computers have greatly improved people's work and lifestyle, developed modern society, and become an indispensable part of people's lives. Computers have entered the era of artificial intelligence, which has a major impact on the development of human society.

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Hinostroza, Enrique, i Harvey Mellar. "Teachers' Beliefs about Computers: Report of a Case Study". Journal of Educational Computing Research 22, nr 4 (czerwiec 2000): 397–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/2vk1-hfwl-8taq-avk0.

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Much of the research on the use of computers in education either looks at the computer as a cognitive tool or as a catalyst for change aimed at fostering students' learning and changing teachers' actual routines. However, neither of these perspectives gives much consideration to the teaching framework in which the computer is actually used. In order to address this issue, a case study was designed to explore teachers' concepts and beliefs about computers. In this case study two teachers were involved in a software development process, and observation of their discussions during this process was used as a technique to uncover the teachers' beliefs about using computers. The case study led to a model of how teachers use computers in classroom teaching. This model conceptualizes the computer as a teaching resource that helps teachers to develop their teaching strategy, replacing the teachers in their role of managing students' rehearsal of materials and serving as a classroom management tool. This model of using computers demonstrates significant links between teachers' teaching strategies and the use of computers in education and thereby provides a support for a view of computers as professional tools for educators.

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