Rozprawy doktorskie: „Comparison (Philosophy)”

1

Bale, Alan Clinton. "The universal scale and the semantics of comparison /". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102479.

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Comparative constructions allow individuals to be compared according to different properties. Such comparisons form two classes, those that permit direct, comparisons (comparisons of measurements as in Seymour is taller than he is wide) and those that only allow indirect comparisons (comparisons of relative positions on separate scales as in Esme is more beautiful than Einstein is intelligent). Traditionally, these two types of comparisons have been associated with an ambiguity in the interpretations of the comparative and equative morphemes (see, Bartsch & Vennemann, 1972; Kennedy, 1999). In this thesis, I propose that there is no such ambiguity. The interpretations of the comparative and equative morphemes remain the same whether they appear in sentences that compare individuals directly or relative to two separate scales. To develop a unified account, I suggest that all comparisons involve a scale of universal degrees that are isomorphic to the rational (fractional) numbers between 0 and 1. All comparative and equative constructions are assigned an interpretation based on a comparison of such degrees. These degrees are associated with the two individuals being compared. Crucial to a unified treatment, the connection between individuals and universal degrees involves two steps. First individuals are mapped to a value on a primary scale that respects the ordering of such individuals according to the quality under consideration (whether it be height, beauty or intelligence). Second, this value on the primary scale is mapped to a universal degree that encodes the value's relative position with respect to other values. It is the ability of iv the universal degrees to encode positions on a primary scale that enables comparative and equative morphemes to either compare individuals directly or indirectly. A direct comparison results if measurements such as seven feet participate in the gradable property (as in Seven feet is tall). Such participation can sometimes result in an isomorphism between two primary scales and the ordering of measurements in a measurement system. When this occurs, comparing positions in the primary scales is equivalent to comparing measurements. If this type of isomorphism cannot be established then the sentence yields an indirect comparison.

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2

Buck, J. M. "Monatism and Pentecostalism : A comparison". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374527.

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Clifford, Hywel C. "Theology in Deutero-Isaiah and Presocratic philosophy : a comparison". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431015.

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4

Schmidt, Erik Wolfgang Stocker Michael. "Beyond comparison: incomparability and the psychology of choice". Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Chang, Ruth. "Incomparability and practical reason". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:74dd9fa8-ad30-4652-b212-1f63985a3aa7.

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In this thesis I aim to answer two questions: Are alternatives for choice ever incomparable? and, In what ways can items be compared? I argue that there is no incomparability among bearers of value and that the ways in which items can be compared are richer and more varied than commonly supposed. The two questions are closely related; in arguing against incomparability a positive picture of comparability emerges. The case against incomparability is a case for a new conception of comparability more capacious than has been traditionally conceived. This 'broad' conception of comparability has three distinctive features: it distinguishes incomparability from noncomparability, it includes the possibility of 'emphatic' comparability, or comparisons between 'higher' and 'lower' goods; and it makes logical space for a fourth generic value relation - what I shall call 'on a par' - beyond the standard trichotomy of relations of 'better than', 'worse than', and 'equally good'. Each of these features arises out of defects of certain incomparabilist arguments. Indeed, the approach to the broad conception of comparability via examination of incomparabilist arguments makes clear that much of the intuitive pull of incomparability depends on a narrow and impoverished conception of comparability. Investigation of comparability and incomparability is motivated by a proposed substantive account of practical justification according to which there can be no justified choice without the comparability of the alternatives. The existence of widespread incomparability, then, undermines the rationality of practical life. This thesis' argument against incomparability and for a broad conception of comparability serves to vindicate the role of practical reason in choice.

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6

Wojcikiewicz, Andrzej. "Comparison of hypnotic and relaxation stress management procedures with competitive fencers". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4852.

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Baker, Ian. "What money can't buy : the status of financial evaluation". University of Western Australia. School of Humanities, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0161.

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Morton, Luise H. "Theories of three conceptual artists : a critique and comparison". Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/425069.

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Conceptual Art emerged as an international, avant-garde art movement in the mid-60s. Attacking the prevailing aesthetics of modern art, Conceptual artists claim that art lies not in the object itself but in the artist's idea or intention. Their asserted goals have been to combine theory with art and to eliminate the need for form in artworks. The purpose of this study was to examine and critique the key theoretical writings of three artists whose works have been recognized by the critics as significant and seminal for the Conceptual Art Movement: Joseph Kosuth, Sol LeWitt, and Terry Atkinson.Historical aspects relevant to this study included the following: (i) early twentieth-century antecedents of Conceptual Art; (ii) recent avant-garde movements of the 60s and 70s; (iii) the history and nature of the concept theories of Kosuth, LeWitt, and Atkinson; (ii) a critiqueof t ese theories in terms of their consistency and viabi ity for generating art; (iii) a comparison of Conceptual Art theories with both commonly accepted theories of art and more radical aesthetic theories of contemporary philosophers.Upon completion of this study, it was concluded that despite many ideological differences, Kosuth, LeWitt, and Atkinson agree on two key notions: (i) the locus of the "work of art" is not a physical object; and (ii) it is the artist's idea which alone accounts for the significance of an artwork. Their arguments in support of these notions are unsatisfactory. Longstanding issues in aesthetics, viz., the problems of defining art and evaluating its significance, are not resolved. The critics' acclaim of the writings critiqued in this study must therefore rest on extrinsic features such as the prestige of the artists, the relevance of the content of the writings to dominant trends in contemporary art, and the potential historical significance of their challenges to established views about art and aesthetics.

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9

Evans, Robert A. "An Aesthetic Attitude: An East - West Comparison of Bullough and Nishida". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1274279326.

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Antonio, Edward Phillip. "The dialectic of context and liberation : a comparison between Black and African theologies". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358362.

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Longenecker, Bruce W. "Eschatology and the Covenant : a comparison of 4 Ezra and Romans 1-11". Thesis, Durham University, 1990. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1179/.

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Babcock, Kimberly John. "Modern Dramatic Tragedy and Aristotle's Poetics: A Comparison". W&M ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625396.

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Kim, Won-Jaeng. "Reconciliation as a psychological and theological reality: A comparison between Carl G. Jung and Paul J. Tillich". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7711.

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Enck, Gavin G. "A Comparison of Two Bioethical Theories". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1242754128.

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15

Staton, Matthew James. "A comparison of some themes in the work of Jacques Derrida and Theodor W. Adorno". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239029.

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Spence, Clay W. "Population Ethics: A Metaethical Comparison". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1268.

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In this thesis I establish a hitherto unseen parallel between John Rawls’ theory of justice and utilitarian accounts with respect to population ethics; I argue that the absurd conclusions which plague utilitarianism also plague Rawls’ theory. These are the repugnant and preposterous conclusions. I then argue that Kant's political philosophy offers the resources to escape these absurd conclusions because of a crucial metaphysical difference between theories governed by outcome-oriented considerations and those governed by freedom-oriented constraints.

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17

Hsiau, Chang-Ding. "A Judaeo-Christian theological comparison of the concept of the 'self' in western Cartesianism and Zen Buddhism". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU067032.

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The overall plan of the thesis is to present a theological understanding of holistic personhood in relation to the Zenist monistic and the Cartesian dualistic treatments of selfhood. The focus of the study is to analyze the Zenist religious view of the self as unthinking nothingness and the Cartesian philosophical interpretation of the self as thinking substance, Zenist meditation representing a classical stance of Chinese intuitivism and Cartesian meditation of Western rationalism. Common to both approaches to the realization of personal identity is their mentalist-individualist paradigm which does not adequately account for the unity of experience of embodied personhood. In contrast with the 'I un/think therefore I am' of Zen and Cartesianism is the 'I commune therefore I am' of the biblical tradition. Through this communitarian model derived from the Judaeo-Christian biblical tradition, the thesis points towards a possible resolution of the quandary brought about by Cartesian and Zen 'meditational' conceptions of personhood.

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18

Pagolu, Augustine. "Patriarchal religion as portrayed in Genesis 12-50 : comparison with Ancient Near Eastern and Later Israelite religions". Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57559/.

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Although Wellhausen had already rejected the historicity of the patriarchs, and with it their religion, and argued that the patriarchal traditions were retrojections of the Monarchical period reflecting the time that the stories arose in Israel, Albrecht Alt made a to definitive beginning to the study of patriarchal religion with his essay, 'Der Gott der Vifter, in which he argued both for a patriarchal religion distinct from Mosaic religion and for the possibility of its originating during or just before the settlement of Israelite clans in Canaan. While many since Wellhausen have continued to reject the historicity of the patriarchs, a number of scholars, in the light of Ugaritic and other archaeological discoveries, have followed Alt in arguing for a distinct patriarchal religion before exodus and before Moses. However, the study of patriarchal religion has chiefly been confined either to the different divine names or to the social and legal practices attested in Genesis. The result of this is that the patriarchal religious and cultic practices frequently attested in Genesis have hardly been focused upon, except by a few scholars who have touched upon them only in passing. The present thesis takes its departure both from the scholarly consensus and from the Hebrew Bible's own testimony that patriarchal religion was distinct from Mosaic religion. In the present thesis, this distinction is chiefly sought in patriarchal worship and cultic practices, such as altars, prayer, pillars, tithes, vows and ritual purity. These aspects are studied in the light of both second millennium ancient Near Eastern and Israelite parallels. This is legitimate since patriarchal religion is portrayed as pre-Mosaic, and since the narrators are Israelites with a Yahwistic ethos. Our findings have been that the patriarchs shared elements in common with both the ANE and Israel only in regard to the concept of their worship and cultic practices. However, the manner of their cultic activity bore no comparison to that of the ANE or Israel, in that the patriarchs themselves built altars and made sacrifices, conducted prayer, raised pillars and offered worship, all without the aid of an established cult or priests. Further, they did these things in an informal and family setting wherever they moved or happened to camp. Neither were the patriarchal religious activities of tithing, vowing or purifying performed at a cult place. While Jacob himself was the sole officiant of the ritual purification of his family at Bethel, Abraham's tithe was voluntary and secular, and Jacob's religious tithes and vows were unpaid probably due to the absence of any cult or the priests who would be expected to appropriate them. Thus, patriarchal religion was distinct from both the ancient Near Eastern and Israelite religions, and compatible only with the lifestyle portrayed in Genesis.

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19

Viviers, D. S. (Daniele Siobhan). "A comparison between Plato and Zoroaster : aspects of the philosophy in the Timaeus and the Gathas". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52062.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The analysis of the system of speculative thought of Plato and Zoroaster, as found in Plato's Timaeus and Zoroaster's Gathas, seeks to compare a well-known philosophy, that of Plato, to a lesser known and often misunderstood system of speculative thought within a religion, namely Zoroastrianism. The purpose of such a comparison is to show that the speculative thought found in religion is often comparable to philosophy, as is the case in the doctrines postulated in the Gathas. It serves to illuminate the philosophy within a lesser known religion (Zoroastrianism) by comparing it to a well-known philosophy (that of Plato), and in doing so, to cast new light on both. The comparison of Plato and Zoroaster has been proposed and sometimes executed by other scholars as well. The main problem in these other comparisons, thus far, has been the fact that no historical contact or definite doctrinal influence of Zoroaster on Plato has been or is likely to be established. Though Plato might well have been familiar with Zoroastrian doctrines, this cannot be satisfactorily proven. This study does not depend on historical contact or doctrinal influence (though the possibility of the latter has been discussed), but compares the two doctrines independent of historical factors and is based solely on the striking similarities between these two systems of thought. This study has focussed on some of the basic concepts within the two doctrines, such as creation, the soul, and dualism. In this study I have emphasised the philosophical aspect of Zoroastrianism, though it is classified as a religion, because I believe that much of what has been classified as religion also incorporates speculative thought that can be analysed separately, and as a system of speculative thought it is comparable to other traditions of speculative thought, such as Greek philosophy. This comparison therefore seeks to counteract some of the assumptions about religions, and how they are studied, by focusing on the philosophical basis underlying the doctrines in the Zoroastrian religion. Another aspect to the comparison is a focus on the similarities of doctrine originating in two cultures previously held to be vastly different, namely Persian and Greek. There has previously been a tendency to consider the cultures of the classical and the ancient Near Eastern world as separate and completely distinct from each other, and in doing so, ignoring important historical contact. Although the historical interaction between these two areas has received increased attention, comparative investigations have emphasised the differences between the cultures of these regions, although similarities do abound and the comparison of analogous aspects of the various cultures could prove valuable to the study of the ancient world. Recognition of the larger context within which the various cultures of the ancient world operated can only add to the understanding of the ancient world, and pave the way for reassessing the traditions and world-views of various cultures.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die analise van die spekulatiewe denkstelsels van Plato en Zoroaster, soos uitgelê in Plato se Timaeus en Zoroaster se Gathas, beoog om 'n bekende filosofie te vergelyk met 'n minder bekende en dikwels wangeïnterpreteerde spekulatiewe denkstelsel binne 'n religie, naamlik Zoroastrisme. Die doel van so 'n vergelyking is om te demonstreer dat die spekulatiewe denkstelsel wat binne 'n religie gevind kan word dikwels vergelykbaar is met 'n filosofie, soos die geval is met die leerstellings/denkstelsels wat uitgelê word in die Gathas. Dit dien om die filosofiese binne 'n relatief onbekende religie (Zoroastrisme) uit te lig deur dit te vergelyk met 'n bekende filosofie (dié van Plato), en in die proses is dit moontlik dat daar nuwe lig gewerp kan word op albei. Die vergelyking tussen Plato en Zoroaster is al deur verskeie academici voorgestel en soms uitgevoer. Die hoofprobleem in al die vorige vergelykings is dat daar tot dusver by Zoroaster geen historiese kontak met of invloed op die leerstellings van Plato vasgestel kon word nie. Alhoewel Plato heel moontlik bekend kon gewees het met Zoroaster se leerstellings, kan dit nie bo alle twyfel bewys word nie. Hierdie studie voorveronderstel geen historiese kontak tussen of beïnvloeding deur die leerstellings van Zoroaster en Plato nie (hoewel die moontlikheid van laasgenoemde bespreek word). Dit is 'n vergelyking wat slegs gemotiveer is deur die treffende ooreenkomste tussen hierdie twee denkstelsels. My studie fokus op 'n aantal basiese konsepte binne die twee leerstellings, soos skepping, die siel, en dualisme. Ten spyte van die feit dat Zoroastrisme as 'n religie geklassifiseer word, word die filosofiese aspek van Zoroastrisme in hierdie studie beklemtoon, want ek glo dat baie sisteme wat as religieë geklassifiseer word spekulatiewe denke inkorporeer wat onafhanklik van die religie self as 'n spekulatiewe denkstelsel soos filosofie geanaliseer kan word, en verder ook vergelyk kan word met ander tradisies van spekulatiewe denkstelsels, soos die oud-Griekse filosofie. Hierdie vergelyking poog om die aannames oor religieë, insluitend aannames oor hoe religieë bestudeer moet word, teen te werk deur te fokus op die onderliggende filosofiese basis in die leerstellings van Zoroastrisme. 'n Ander aspek van die vergelyking is 'n fokus op die ooreenkomste tussen leerstellings wat hul oorsprong het in twee kulture (die Persiese en Griekse onderskeidelik) wat voorheen as heeltemal uiteenlopend en verskillend beskou is, en in die proses is die belangrike historiese kontak geïgnoreer. Alhoewel die historiese interaksie tussen die twee areas toenemend aandag geniet, word die kulturele verskille beklemtoon ten spyte van die feit dat daar veelvuldige ooreenkomste is en dat 'n vergelyking van ooreenkomste tussen verskeie kulture baie waardevol kan wees vir die studie van die antieke wêreld. 'n Waardering van die wyer konteks waarbinne die verskeie kulture van die antieke wêreld gefunksioneer het, kan net bydra tot 'n beter begrip van die antieke wêreld en die weg baan vir 'n herevaluering van die tradisies en wêreldbeskouings van die betrokke kulture.

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20

Walker, P. W. L. "Fourth century Christian attitudes to Jerusalem and the Holy Land : A comparison of Eusebius of Caesarea and Cyril of Jerusalem". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234046.

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King, John Barry Jr. "The one, the many, and the philosophy of science| A comparison of Trinitarian and Buddhist epistemologies". Thesis, Graduate Theological Union, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3664450.

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This dissertation compares Trinitarian and Buddhist epistemologies relative to the benchmark of scientific knowledge. To this end, it first develops a methodological framework for this comparison and then derives a comparative benchmark from the post-positivist philosophy of science. The methodological framework is developed by combining Francis Clooney's comparative theology with Robert John Russell's method for the Creative Mutual Interaction (CMI) of theology and science. The comparative benchmark is given by the Peircian triadic circuit since this circuit emerges as a methodological invariant within the post-positivist philosophy of science.

Trinitarian and Buddhist epistemologies are therefore compared in terms of their respective abilities to ground the Peircian circuit. However, since the Peircian circuit involves a harmonious integration of three distinct operations within a single noetic process, the ability to ground this circuit presupposes a solution to the one-and-many problem. Thus, Trinitarian and Buddhist epistemologies are ultimately compared in terms of their respective approaches to the one-and-many problem.

To this end, Theravada, Zen, and Tibetan Buddhist epistemologies are compared with Trinitarian epistemology. These Buddhist Schools have been chosen due to their active participation in the Buddhism-and-science dialogue. Prior to making this each tradition receives a detailed philosophical exposition in which its epistemology is derived from its metaphysical commitment to oneness, manyness, or some combination of the two. Finally, these systems are compared in terms of their respective abilities to solve the one-and-many problem and hence to ground the Peircian circuit.

This comparison shows that Trinitarian theology can ground the Peircian circuit because it has a both/and approach to the one-and-many problem and also supports an exhaustive cosmic personalism. By contrast, Theravadin Abhidhamma fails outright because its radical pluralism dissolves the human mind and hence all three Peircian operations. Between these two extremes, Tibetan Madhyamaka and Zen provide a dialectic of oneness and manyness in which the Peircian circuit is neither grounded nor destroyed. For these last two systems, therefore, the Peircian circuit emerges as a de facto structure of conventional knowledge.

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Middleton, Darren Jonathan Nicholas. "Process poesis : a comparison of the concept of God found in Whiteheadian process theology and in the narrative fiction of Nikos Kazantzakis". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338812.

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Morey, Matthew Wynne. "Healing through compassionate awareness| A comparison of american vipassana practice and existential-humanistic psychology". Thesis, California Institute of Integral Studies, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3560925.

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This dissertation compares the integrated vipassana movement of North America and the school of psychology. The comparison examines both healing practices and ontological paradigms. The integrated vipassanā movement in the United States is defined by that element of vipassanā teachings that blends Theravāda Buddhist practices with American cultural mores as promoted and disseminated by Insight Meditation Society and Spirit Rock Meditation Center. Existential-humanistic psychology is here represented by the teachings of Rollo May, James Bugental, and Irvin Yalom. This inquiry seeks to apprehend the nature and efficacy of compassionate and caring present-moment attention in the context of two distinct ontological orientations. The analysis begins with each tradition's description of humanity's most fundamental flaw: dukkha and angst. The examination of these maladies of life is followed by a comparison of these traditions' respective portrayals of health and harmony: Buddhist liberation as compared with existential freedom. This study then examines and compares the way in which these traditions employ the blended healing practices of compassion and present-moment awareness. The findings include the observation that the Theravāda concept of no-self and the existential notion of the groundlessness of being provide for two distinct kinds of healing: one promotes a grace born of skillfully encouraging a depth of surrender of self, and the other speaks to creating an authentic world for oneself. This dissertation finds that the two traditions offer practices and orientations that may be used complementarily.

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Whitis, Julie D. "A Comparison of Educator Dispositions to Student Responses on the Kentucky Student Voice Survey". Thesis, Northern Kentucky University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10271770.

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The primary purpose of this study was to determine if a correlation exists between teacher dispositions, grounded in Perceptual Psychology, and student results on the Kentucky Student Voice Survey (KSVS), a 25-question survey adapted from Cambridge Education’s Tripod survey. A correlation was found between teacher dispositions and KSVS question number 25 which states “my teacher gives us time to explain our ideas.” Except for this question, no correlation was found between teacher dispositions and KSVS results.

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Ehlers, Patrick Joseph. "A comparison of the views of Augustine Shutte and Thaddeus Metz on African philosophy and Ubuntu ethics". University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5843.

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Magister Theologiae - MTh
In the theoretical study of Ethics much emphasis has traditionally been placed on established ethical theories, via approaches typified e.g. as deontological, divine command, utilitarian, virtue ethics and natural ethics. At UWC all these approaches, very much entrenched in the Western academic canon, have been taught, together with ethical views carried by the world religions. Over the last few years, however, an interest in the study of African ideas (philosophy, theology, worldview studies, especially around the elusive but fascinating concept of Ubuntu) has grown. This study is an attempt to make a contribution towards a more serious exchange with African ethical ideas and their application in a global context. In this mini-thesis I compare the views of two academics, Augustine Shutte and Thaddeus Metz, who have actively and deliberately worked in the field of African philosophy and ethics. Through this comparative study of two rather different readings of Ubuntu philosophy, I wish to contribute to the growing interest in ethical views and discourse emanating from African ways of looking at the world and at humanity. The well-known, recently deceased, Augustine Shutte, a Catholic scholar of repute, taught Philosophy at the University of Cape Town, and published books such as Philosophy for Africa, The Mystery of Humanity; Ubuntu, An ethic for a New South Africa and The Quest for Humanity in Science and Religion, The South African Experience. The other scholar, the American born philosopher Thaddeus Metz, started teaching Philosophy at the University of Johannesburg and shifted his intellectual attention to African ideas and ethics. Coming from a rational Kantian approach, mixed with utilitarian ethical concerns, Metz discovered the difficulty of adding another “African mix” to main stream academia, based on the comprehensive scope of the very inclusive look at what it means to be human in the quite unique African worldview. He has published widely and in depth on many aspects of this “clash of cultures” while also holding on to enlightenment ideals and an ongoing conversation with science, especially also social science. These two authors thus share many concerns and interests, but also represent two different angles and approaches into African philosophy and ethics. The question for this limited study is formulated in the short introduction: How do Shutte and Metz connect the ethical implications of a widely shared “African worldview” with the core idea of Ubuntu, and which ethical implications do they draw from their reading of Ubuntu – for Africa and the world? These questions are addressed via five chapters: In the first an introduction to the research focus and question and the second of these the field of African Philosophy and Ethics is briefly covered via appropriate literature, thus providing a framework for comparing Shutte and Metz. The third chapter deals with Shutte’s search for an Ubuntu approach to South Africa’s problems within the African and global context - via his emphasis on an inclusive anthropology of caring and justice in which the pitfalls of individualism, materialism and consumerism can be avoided while promoting a sustainable work ethos and attunement with “science”. The fourth chapter focuses on Metz’ critical deontological approach, and his attempt to take the comprehensive African worldview seriously in conversation with utility, reason and science. In the fifth chapter the comparison of these two overlapping, but still quite different with an approach that can lead to a concrete ethical conclusion and application for South Africa, Africa and the world.

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Wong, Kin Keung. "Comparison of Nicomachean ethics and the ethics of Confucius : appropriateness of moral decisions /". View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202009%20WONG.

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Gok, Selvi Elif. "Modeling Consciousness: A Comparison Of Computational Models". Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611178/index.pdf.

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There has been a recent flurry of activity in consciousness research. Although an operational definition of consciousness has not yet been developed, philosophy has come to identify a set of features and aspects that are thought to be associated with the various elements of consciousness. On the other hand, there have been several recent attempts to develop computational models of consciousness that are claimed to capture or illustrate one or more aspects of consciousness. As a plausible substitute to evaluating how well the current computational models model consciousness, this study examines how the current computational models fare in modeling those aspects and features of consciousness identified by philosophy. Following a detailed and critical review of the literature of philosophy of consciousness, this study constructs a composite and eclectic list of features and aspects that would be expected in any successful model of consciousness. The study then evaluates, from the viewpoint of that list, some of the current self-claimed computational models of consciousness, specifically CLARION, IDA, ACT-R and model proposed in the Cleeremans'
review and study. The computational models studied are evaluated with respect to each identified aspect and feature of consciousness.

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Wortham, George Marvin. "A study of the theme of justice in the theology of Reinhold Niebuhr in critical comparison with the theology of select Latin American liberation theologians". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30947.

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Desmond, Timothy. "Psyche=singularity| A comparison of Carl Jung's transpersonal psychology and Leonard Susskind's holographic string theory". Thesis, California Institute of Integral Studies, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3621045.

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In this dissertation I discern what Carl Jung calls the mandala image of the ultimate archetype of unity underlying and structuring cosmos and psyche by pointing out parallels between his transpersonal psychology and Stanford physicist Leonard Susskind's string theory. Despite his atheistic, materialistically reductionist interpretation of it, I demonstrate how Susskind's string theory of holographic information conservation at the event horizons of black holes, and the cosmic horizon of the universe, corroborates the following four topics about which Jung wrote: (1) his near-death experience of the cosmic horizon after a heart attack in 1944; ( 2) his equation relating psychic energy to mass, "Psyche=highest intensity in the smallest space" (1997, 162), which I translate into the equation, Psyche=Singularity; (3) his theory that the mandala, a circle or sphere with a central point, is the symbolic image of the ultimate archetype of unity through the union of opposites, which structures both cosmos and psyche, and which rises spontaneously from the collective unconscious to compensate a conscious mind torn by irreconcilable demands (1989, 334-335, 396-397); and (4) his theory of synchronicity. I argue that Susskind's inside-out black hole model of our Big Bang universe forms a geometrically perfect mandala: a central Singularity encompassed by a two-dimensional sphere which serves as a universal memory bank. Moreover, in precise fulfillment of Jung's theory, Susskind used that mandala to reconcile the notoriously incommensurable paradigms of general relativity and quantum mechanics, providing in the process a mathematically plausible explanation for Jung's near-death experience of his past, present, and future life simultaneously at the cosmic horizon. Finally, Susskind's theory also provides a plausible cosmological model to explain Jung's theory of synchronicity--meaningful coincidences may be tied together by strings at the cosmic horizon, from which they radiate inward as the holographic "movie" of our three-dimensional world.

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30

Gillen, Kevin M. "A comparison of the lecture method with the sermonic/narrative approach to instructing systematic theology at Alliance Theological Seminary". Thesis, Nyack College, Alliance Theological Seminary, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10188980.

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This purpose of this doctoral project is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing a new education methodology in teaching systematic theology. The project assesses the level of engagement and application seminary students are able to gauge in their classroom experiences. The intervention methodology is called the ?sermonic/narrative? and it was applied as the andragogical methodology in systematic theology courses at Alliance Theological Seminary. In explaining the conceptual framework, studying the theological foundations, and researching the effectiveness of the methodology, this study has shown that the sermonic/narrative approach is more effective in engaging students in the classroom experience than the traditional lecture methods. Additionally, students were able to more readily apply the lessons they had been exposed to when being taught through the sermonic/narrative method. Although student performance levels were not evaluated in this study, the literature will show that deeper engagement in classroom experiences leads to better student learning.

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31

Kalve, Peter. "The aims and presuppositions of religious education in Catholic and secular traditions : a comparison, with reference to spiritual development and religious education". Thesis, University of Hull, 1997. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3488.

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Taken from start of introduction : The purpose of this study is to analyse (1) the aims, objectives and assumptions of religious education in present-day Catholic and secular traditions, (2) to examine comparatively the similarities and dissimilarities of approach to religious education by each tradition and (3) to explore some of the issues relating to spiritual development as they arise in religious education in Catholic and secular traditions. It is the underlying thesis of this study that it is in comparing the approaches of each tradition to understanding religious education that it becomes possible to reach a fuller knowledge of what the concerns of religious education are, both in themselves, and also in the approaches and assumptions of the two traditions which are here examined.

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32

Pratt, Henry John. "Comparing artworks". Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1117628400.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 209 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 201-209). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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33

Chernikov, Dmitry A. "The Question of Subjective Immortality: A Comparison and Contrast of Process Theism with Classical Theism". [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1236872783.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2009.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 5, 2009 ) Advisor: David Odell-Scott. Keywords: Whitehead; Hartshorne; Thomas Aquinas; mises; process theism; immortality Includes bibliographical references (p. 67)

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34

Kasrine, El-Halabi Elias. "Renewal and revival in an eastern orthodox youth movement in comparison with the Sunni Al-Jamā‘a Al-Islāmiyya, 1898-1975". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3554/.

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This research is a comparative study between the Orthodox Youth Movement and Al-Jamā‘a Al-Islāmiyya. This research focuses on analyzing the evolution of the religious awareness processes that were triggered between 1898 and 1975 in the Sunni and Orthodox communities in Lebanon. This research examines: why the selected communities moved from Reform (Iṣlāḥ) to Revivalism (Iḥyā’) in the 1940s and the characteristic features of the Orthodox and Sunni revivalisms as exemplified by the Orthodox Youth Movement and Al-Jamā‘a Al-Islāmiyya. The methodology of this research takes this as an axiom and analyzes it to prove its validity then distills the constituting elements of their revivalisms. When comparing the components of revivalism present in the concepts of Iṣlāḥ of both organizations, there were overlaps as well as divergences. The commonalities observed form a preliminary template of revivalist behaviors exhibited by both movements. This template, with further study, may well be used to predict current and future revivalist behaviors. The 1967 crises in Palestine provided the opportunity to test the revivalist components because they were visible and shaped the way this issue was perceived and reacted upon by both movements.

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35

Nahm, Eun Young. "A cross-cultural comparison of Korean American and European American parental meta-emotion philosophy and its relationship to parent-child interaction /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9155.

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Watts, Jordan D. "Duns Scotus' doctrine of individuation in Quaestiones super libros metaphysicorum Aristotelis book VII, q. 13 and Ordinatio II, d. 3 a comparison /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p029-0660.

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37

Kutan, Ali Haydar. "Epicurus And Kant: A Comparison Of Their Ethical Systems". Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612400/index.pdf.

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In this Study, the empiricist ethical system of Epicurus and idealist ethical system of Kant will be compared. Kant maintains that as Epicurus&rsquo
ethics regards morality as a means for the attainment of happiness, it is nothing but a self-love ethics. He, for this reason, calls Epicurean morality &ldquo
selfishness.&rdquo
According to Kant, the maxims of happiness can be known only through experience but he says, experience can never produce a law which is universal and necessary. He contends that as Epicurean ethics has happiness as its ultimate goal (i.e., the highest good), it cannot be able to produce an objective morality, valid for all rational beings. Kant, on the other hand, tries to found his ethical system on an a priori moral law of pure reason which borrows nothing from experience. This Study would, in a sense, be a defense of Epicurean ethical system against Kant&rsquo
s claims. The main argument of the thesis is that Epicurean ethics is not a self-love ethics, but rather a system which propounds happiness for all. I will be arguing that for Epicurus, one&rsquo
s own happiness is necessarily bound up with the happiness of others, and that his system is sound and consistent. I will also try to show that Kant is not successful in deducing a transcendentally ideal (a priori) law of reason and that his system has some inconsistencies.

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38

Feiler, Therese. "Contemporary just war doctrine : a critical comparison of theological and philosophical proposals". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ed71a915-7e1d-485a-b375-a91756e57225.

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This thesis for the first time critically and comparatively examines contemporary Christian and philosophical ethics of war. Thus it contributes to an investigation of current possibilities of moral-political action. Exploring various combinations of political ethics and the tenets of faith, it compares three Christian with two secular thinkers. Each chapter first shows how Just War ethics are constructed between ‘realism’ and ‘idealism’. The former prioritizes individual or national self-defence and power; the latter the universal value of each individual. Each analytical section reconstructs the author’s moral understanding of political authority, violent force and political reality. These foci are investigated in terms of how they understand, envision or reject the mediation between politics and Christian morality. As the inner logic of each Just War proposal is thus brought out, continuities and differences between authors can be explained. Part I looks at Christian authors. Jean Bethke Elshtain’s realistic, ‘naturalistic’ Just War ethic of the sovereign state rejects humanist idealism. For Paul Ramsey Christian agape provides a transformative ethic between idealism and realism. Developing this, Oliver O’Donovan’s evangelical approach practically fuses idealism and realism. Dogmatically, this is conditioned by moving from Elshtain’s modern theological dualism to Ramsey’s Christ-transforming the world, though still indebted to philosophical idealism. O’Donovan, however, suggests that after the singular mediation of the Christ event, moral-political categories disclose the divine order. Part II investigates the idealism-realism divide amongst philosophers. Both David Rodin’s idealist demand for a global state and Uwe Steinhoff’s individualist Machiavellianism seek to protect human rights. After Kant, they presuppose an unbridgeable division between politics and ‘religious’ morality. Theology, having become anthropology, replaces the mediation of Christ with immanent mediators: legal, statist or individualist moral agents. But this echoes and intensifies the Christian tradition. Whereas Rodin introduces a renewed, violent papacy, Steinhoff seeks to renew the liberal-democratic status quo through a secular ‘radical reformation’. It is concluded that both modern Christian and philosophical ethics of war can oscillate between impractical triumphant justice and the failure of tragic antagonism. If the singular mediation between Is and Ought in Christ is recognized as a universal paradox, doing justice effectively becomes possible.

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39

Rolle, Christian. "What can we expect from international comparison in the field of music education?: Opportunities and challenges". Georg Olms Verlag, 2018. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34630.

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Analysing the conversations at the conference the chapter addresses fundamental issues of cultural comparison in music education. There is a disciplinary bias that can tempt the researcher to overestimate cultural conditions. This could lead to cultural relativism that keeps us from critically addressing normative issues associated with aims and contents of music education.

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40

Baek, Kwang Ho. "Identification of perception and preferences of behavior relative to philosophy, implementation, and design of workforce education in Korea a provider and participant comparison /". Access citation, abstract and download form; downloadable file 9.68 Mb, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3131655.

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41

Joel, Viklund. "Explaining the output of a black box model and a white box model: an illustrative comparison". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420889.

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The thesis investigates how one should determine the appropriate transparency of an information processing system from a receiver perspective. Research in the past has suggested that the model should be maximally transparent for what is labeled as ”high stake decisions”. Instead of motivating the choice of a model’s transparency on the non-rigorous criterion that the model contributes to a high stake decision, this thesis explores an alternative method. The suggested method involves that one should let the transparency depend on how well an explanation of the model’s output satisfies the purpose of an explanation. As a result, we do not have to bother if it is a high stake decision, we should instead make sure the model is sufficiently transparent to provide an explanation that satisfies the expressed purpose of an explanation.

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42

Mollvik, Lia. "Are Children Seeds or Are They Soil? : A Comparison between Martha Nussbaum’s Capability Approach and Utilitarian Philosophy applied to Critical Thinking in the Rwandan Education System". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-254488.

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Much research has been done within the field of Education on how to integrate Human Rights in education, both as a class subject and as a value system. Similarly, the research field of Education also contains many discussions of how “critical thinking” is taught and what its role in education is and should be. This thesis instead approaches the topic from “the other way round” so to speak, by using a “human rights lens” to explore ethical and political views on the goals of education generally and the role of critical thinking in education particularly, as they appear within a particular educational context – Rwanda’s education system. The philosophy of education of utilitarianism and that of Martha Nussbaum’s Capability Approach are here compared and contrasted with each other and act as a theoretical framework for understanding the Rwandan education system as it appears through the reading of policy documents and through the experience of a selected group of Rwandan primary and secondary school students. The thesis argues that an ethically acceptable and stable philosophy of education should spring from a conception of human beings as ends and not means. Starting with such a conception of human beings, the goal of education becomes that of developing each individual’s capabilities to their fullest potential. Additionally, the thesis argues that the role of critical thinking in education should be regarded as central, as the capability for critical thinking enhances the flourishing of other human capabilities.

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43

Williamson, Robin Marie. "Student Engagement Theory: A Comparison of Jesuit, Catholic, and Christian Universities". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc28491/.

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This research study analyzed the results of the Jesuit Universities Consortium in comparison with the results of the Catholic Colleges and Universities and the Council for Christian Colleges Consortia as measured by the 2005 National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) in order to determine and identify any statistically significant differences between the consortia. One-way ANOVA analyses and Tukey HSD post hoc comparisons were conducted on the data from freshmen/first year students and seniors/fourth year students on each of the five clusters of the NSSE to determine any statistically significant difference and, subsequently, the effect size of any found differences. The study found that there were statistically significant differences on the following: 1) freshmen/first year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the freshmen/first year students in the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities Consortium on the NSSE cluster of Academic Challenge, 2) freshmen/first year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the freshmen/first year students in the Catholic Colleges and Universities Consortium on the NSSE cluster of Enriching Educational Experiences, 3) freshmen/first year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the freshmen/first year students in the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities Consortium on the NSSE cluster of Supportive Campus Environment, 4) seniors/fourth year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the seniors/fourth year students in the Catholic Colleges and Universities Consortium on the NSSE cluster of Active and Collaborative Learning, and 5) seniors/fourth year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the seniors/fourth year students in both of the Catholic Colleges and Universities and the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities Consortia on the NSSE cluster of Supportive Campus Environment. While statistically significant differences were found in the aforementioned analyses, effect sizes were small for all. Future research studies, including longitudinal studies, are needed to fully investigate levels of student engagement within the three consortia.

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44

Leon, Juliet N. "A comparison of stimuli presentation in advanced theory of mind tasks for adolescents with Asperger's syndrome (AS)". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4964.

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Individuals diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome (AS) have marked impairments in social interaction, including difficulty expressing and perceiving thoughts, emotions, and intentions. This deficit may be due in part to a delayed or underdeveloped Theory of Mind (ToM). The previous research investigating ToM in individuals with AS has been inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to compare three Theory of Mind (ToM) tasks, presented via three different modalities, to evaluate the recognition of complex emotions and mental states in adolescents with AS compared to typically developing adolescents. Participants in this study included twenty adolescents: 10 adolescents with AS and 10 typically developing adolescents matched by age and gender. Participants were administered three ToM tasks differing in mode of stimuli presentation: a visual mentalizing (VM) task; an auditory mentalizing (AM) task; and, a visual+auditory mentalizing (VAM) task. Results were analyzed utilizing a factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA). No significant difference was found between the groups overall, or between the groups by task. A pairwise analysis of the data revealed non-significant differences between visual only (VM) compared to auditory only (AM) presentation of stimuli; however significant differences were found between visual only (VM) stimuli compared to the combination of visual + auditory (VAM) stimuli, and between auditory only (AM) stimuli compared to the combination of visual + auditory (VAM) stimuli. These results indicated that the recognition of complex emotions and mental states increased when the stimuli were presented through the combined visual and auditory channels. Clinical implications of these findings were discussed. Recommendations were made for future research investigating ToM in individuals with AS.
ID: 029809119; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 126-134).
M.A.
Masters
Communication Sciences and Disorders
Health and Public Affairs

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45

Alimohamadi, Bardia, i Nasrin Khorshidi. "Six Sigma Perspectives : In Academic World and Business Environment". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19644.

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In beginning of 1980s, a majority of business sectors were suffering from high operating costs and inefficiencies which were a big loss to these sectors. These inefficiencies and lack of effectiveness were consequently producing high levels of customer dissatisfactions as well. Six Sigma culture has been predominantly inspired and affected by Japanese business culture with a focus on total customer satisfaction. This had turned out to be an alert to Motorola that was not famous for its arrogant attitude toward their customers. Motorola has been a pioneer in developing and applying Six Sigma within their operations and processes. Six Sigma has been initially introduced as a response to Motorola’s problems in the mid-1980s. [15]The reason for crediting the Japanese business culture at that time was mainly the Japanese growing sales power in global competitive market. With gained efficiency through proper engagement of all employees and simpler designs, Japanese could become more efficient with higher levels of quality. [15]Six Sigma initiators learned enough from Japanese competitors and their own learning to create their vision and framework. [15]However Six Sigma has been officially launched in Motorola for the first time in 1987. Six Sigma has shown to be a successful management strategy since first time introduction and implementation. [15]Six key components or main lines of work required for successful upgrading from a non-Six Sigma company to a company with Six Sigma culture are as it comes in the following lines: Six Sigma cultural renovation, reward and credit system, training, unified measurement system, facilitators, communication and senior executive commitment. [15]Six Sigma is a wide covering issue that covers different aspects and sectors of a company. Six Sigma is considered as a project based strategy. [31]Framework for a Six Sigma organization is very important for them to start the journey in order to become a Six Sigma organization. In the establishment process of Six Sigma although it is necessary to use appropriate tools and techniques, it is also required to benefit from a comprehensive training system provided for everyone in the organization. [31]Hence, by proper application of quality management tools and statistical methods, Six Sigma is to remove source of errors and reduce variability in process outputs to a certain level. Variability can either be in business or production processes.However, nowadays, companies are using different Six Sigma training systems to better establish this strategy within their business. The implementation process is enabled with appropriate and relevant tool box with proper frame work and measurement techniques.2The issue is that the definition and application of Six Sigma in different sectors and companies may differ. This is a source of a controversy in this field area. Also the academic perspective towards Six Sigma may differ from the business perspective.In order to investigate these claims, we will try to collect definitions, methods and techniques by literature review and being used by different abovementioned parties to make a comparison between these perspectives.

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46

Koh, Jason S. H. "Comparison of the new "econophysics" approach to dealing with problems of financial to traditional econometric methods". Thesis, View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/38828.

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We begin with the outlining the motivation of this research as there are still so many unanswered research questions on our complex financial and economic systems. The philosophical background and the advances of econometrics and econophysics are discussed to provide an overview of the stochastic and nonstochastic modelling and these disciplines are set as a central theme for the thesis. This thesis investigates the effectiveness of financial econometrics models such as Gaussian, ARCH (1), GARCH (1, 1) and its extensions as compared to econophysics models such as Power Law model, Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) and Tsallis Entropy as statistical models of volatility in US S&P500, Dow Jones and NASDAQ stock index using daily data. The data demonstrate several distinct behavioural characteristics, particularly the increased volatility during 1998 to 2004. Power Laws appear to describe the large fluctuations and other characteristics of stock price changes. Surprisingly, these Power Laws models also show significant correlations for different types and sizes of markets and for different periods and sub-periods of markets. The results show the robustness of Power Law analysis, with the Power Law exponent (0.4 to 2.4) staying within the acceptable range of significance (83% to 97%), regardless of the percentage change in the index return. However, the procedure for testing empirical data against a hypothesised power-law distribution using a simple rank-frequency plot of the data and the data binning process can turn out to be a spurious result for the distribution. As for the stochastic processes such as ARCH (1) and GARCH (1, 1) the models are explicitly confined to the conditional behaviour of the data and the unconditional behaviour has often been described via moments. In reality, it is the unconditional tail behaviour that accounts for the tail behaviour and hence, we have to convert the unconditional tail behaviour and express the models as two-dimensional stochastic difference equation using the processes of Starica (Mikosch 2000). The results show the random walk prediction successfully describes the stock movements for small price fluctuations but fails to handle large price fluctuations. The Power Law tests prove superior to the stochastic tests when stock price fluctuations are substantially divergent from the mean. One of the main points of the thesis is that these empirical phenomena are not present in the stochastic process but emerge in the non-parametric process. The main objective of the thesis is to study the relatively new field of Econophysics and put its work in perspective relative to the established if not altogether successful practice of econometric analysis of stock market volatility. One of the most exciting characteristics of Econophysics is that, as a developing field, no models as yet perfectly represent the market and there is still a lot of fundamental research to be done. Therefore, we begin to explore the application of statistical physics method particularly Tsallis entropy to give a new insights into problems traditionally associated with financial markets. The results of Tsallis entropy surpass all expectations and it is therefore one of the most robust methods of analysis. However, it is now subject to some challenge from McCauley, Bassler et. al., as they found that the stochastic dynamic process (sliding interval techniques) used in fat tail distributions is time dependent.

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47

De, Scheemaekere Xavier. "Essays in mathematical finance and in the epistemology of finance". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209938.

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The goal of this thesis in finance is to combine the use of advanced mathematical methods with a return to foundational economic issues. In that perspective, I study generalized rational expectations and asset pricing in Chapter 2, and a converse comparison principle for backward stochastic differential equations with jumps in Chapter 3. Since the use of stochastic methods in finance is an interesting and complex issue in itself - if only to clarify the difference between the use of mathematical models in finance and in physics or biology - I also present a philosophical reflection on the interpretation of mathematical models in finance (Chapter 4). In Chapter 5, I conclude the thesis with an essay on the history and interpretation of mathematical probability - to be read while keeping in mind the fundamental role of mathematical probability in financial models.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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48

McDonald, Matthew William McDonald. "The Good, the Bad, and the Grouch: A Comparison of Characterization in Menander and the Ancient Philosophers". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1461335881.

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49

Braeker, Juerg. "An examination of the philosophy of the person as proposed by John Macmurray, with special reference to the role of emotions and emotional education, and in comparison with the theology of Emil Brunner". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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50

Müller, Tim Sven. "On secularisation : structural, institutional and cultural determinants shaping individual secularisation". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:be66f423-4d7e-42f5-b67d-2b32a2c083a6.

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This thesis deals with the determinants and mechanisms of individual secularisation processes in a cross-national perspective. In this ‘collected volume’ of six stand-alone articles, I examine religious beliefs and behaviours as well as attitudes towards religion and politics, whereby the validity of the main theories of religious change (classical secularisation theory, existential security hypothesis, supply-side explanations, historical/cultural approaches and conflict theories) are put to an empirical test. The main conclusion is that the fundamental mechanisms suggested by secularisation theories are valid and that we can identify main determinants of religiosity worldwide. However, only a combination of existing approaches is capable of explaining a broad range of the phenomena observed. Chapter 1 (co-authored with Nan Dirk de Graaf and Peter Schmidt) deals with the fundamental mechanisms that facilitate the socialisation of religious beliefs. Under conditions of high inequality, religion acts as a source of social capital that benefits the religious socialisation of individuals outside of the family context. If levels of inequality fall, this ‘social value of religion’ is diminished and religious socialisation depends more strongly on parental efforts, thereby gradually leading to intergenerational secularisation. In Chapter 2 (co-authored with Anja Neundorf) we show that the state in Eastern Europe played a crucial role in de-establishing as well as re-establishing religious plausibility structures, which explains lower levels of religious belief in Cold War cohorts as well as the religious revival after the end of the Cold War. Chapters 3 and 4 examine the topic of religion and politics and the mechanisms behind the support for the 9/11 attacks in the Muslim world. Levels of existential security and income inequality have a strong impact on the preferences for religious politicians in a cross-sectional as well as in a longitudinal perspective. Moreover, religiosity and altruistic behaviour run the risk of being converted into pro-terrorist support under conditions of high levels of inequality and low development levels. The final two chapters show that –in a world-wide comparison development levels, inequality and the Socialist history of countries explain 75% of the variation in religiosity between countries. Furthermore, future developments in religious change will also be subject to changes in fertility. The main drivers of secularisation processes can be identified, but for the majority of the world population these conditions are not met at present, nor will they be met in the near future.

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