Artykuły w czasopismach: „Compact spiral antennas”

1

Habeeb Bello, Khalid Idris Nazifi i Sanusi Mohammed Sadiq. "Investigation and design methods of a compact patch antennas using 3-D MMIC for various applications". Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 15, nr 3 (30.06.2023): 096–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2023.15.3.0109.

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This work focused on the design, characterization and investigation of GaAs based multi-layered compact 3D MMIC based antenna. Different patch antennas were designed and characterized along with its S-parameters. Two proposed models of multi-layered patch antenna using V-shaped feeder line and planar feeder line with a spiral transmission line in metal-2 were more compact in size and showed an improvement in performance based on bandwidth compared to the traditional planar feeder line configuration. This implies the proposed planar feed line with the spiral transmission is cost effective. The newly propose planar antenna with a spiral transmission feeder line is 49% more compact in area compared to using the normal planar feeder line. The new design also has wider bandwidth with a bandwidth of 2.99% as compared to the traditional planar with a bandwidth of 1.93%, better input return loss and a slightly lower resonance frequency. Similarly, another multilayer patch antenna was proposed using a V-shaped feeder line, This V-shaped feeder line antenna model showed a much lower resonance frequency (36.50 GHz) compared to normal planar (38.92GHz) and the planar with spiral transmission line model (38.52 GHz).

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Das, Swarup, Debasis Mitra i Sekhar Ranjan Bhadra Chaudhuri. "Design of UWB Planar Monopole Antennas with Etched Spiral Slot on the Patch for Multiple Band-Notched Characteristics". International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2015 (20.10.2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/303215.

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Three types of Ultrawideband (UWB) antennas with single, double, and triple notched bands are proposed and investigated for UWB communication applications. The proposed antennas consist of CPW fed monopole with spiral slot etched on the patch. In this paper single, double, and also triple band notches with central frequency of 3.57, 5.12, and 8.21 GHz have been generated by varying the length of a single spiral slot. The proposed antenna is low-profile and of compact size. A stable gain is obtained throughout the operation band except the three notched frequencies. The antennas have omnidirectional and stable radiation patterns across all the relevant bands. Moreover, relatively consistent group delays across the UWB frequencies are noticed for the triple notched band antenna. A prototype of the UWB antenna with triple notched bands is fabricated and the measured results of the antenna are compared with the simulated results.

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Zhao, Dechun, Xiaoyu Chen, Longsheng Zhang i Huiquan Zhang. "Design of the Micro-Strip Antenna for Wireless Capsule Endoscope". Journal of Information Technology Research 8, nr 3 (lipiec 2015): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2015070103.

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This paper analyzed the type of mini-type antenna, studied the miniaturization technique based on simulation in depth, and finally designed the high-performance micro-strip antenna. The advantages of micro-strip antenna are light-weight, compact size, relatively thin thickness, and so on. However, it still needs aggressive miniaturization to satisfy the requirements of encapsulation. Techniques for miniaturization of antenna mainly include a ground plane, double-layer patch, shorting pin or wall, lossless dielectric substrate and the spiral structure. The techniques of multi-layer and shorting wall can narrow down the resonant frequency and attain bandwidth enhancement. Nonetheless, they have a complicated structure. Thus, simulation researched the influence of the surrounding tissue in detail, the position relation of shorting pin and the feed point, the substrate parameters and the structure parameters of the spiral antenna on performance. At last, through the techniques of the shorting pin, high permittivity substrate and the spiral shape, two Archimedean micro-strip patch antennas were developed for wireless capsule endoscope. The antenna has the bandwidth of about 300 MHz, the minimum voltage standing-wave ratio of 1.14:1, and the diameter of 8.3 mm. Therefore, the antenna can offer excellent performance for transmitting image data.

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Elsheakh, Dalia M., i Esmat A. Abdallah. "Compact multiband printed-IFA on electromagnetic band-gap structures for wireless applications". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 5, nr 4 (3.04.2013): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078713000263.

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Fourth generation mobiles require multi-standard operating handsets with small physical size as well as increasing demand for higher data rates. Compact multi-band printed inverted-F antennas (IFA) for available wireless communications are proposed in this paper. New design of printed IFA based on uniplanar compact electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structure concept is proposed. A printed-IFA with L-load shaped over an artificial ground plane is designed as the main antenna to cover most wireless applications such as GSM, LTE, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wimax, and WLAN. The multi-band is created by means of an EBG structure that is used as a ground plane. Different shapes of uniplanar EBG such as ring, split ring resonator, and spiral rather than mushroom-like structure are investigated. The proposed antenna is built on the uniplanar EBG ground plane with size of 35 × 45 mm2, which is suitable for most of the mobile devices.

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Elsheakh, Dalia, i Esmat Abdallah. "Compact Multiband Printed IFA on Electromagnetic Band-Gap Structures Ground Plane for Wireless Applications". International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2013 (12.02.2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/248501.

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The fourth mobile generation requires of multistandard operating handsets of small physical size as well as has an increasing demand for higher data rates. Compact multiband printed inverted-F antennas (IFAs) for available wireless communications are proposed in this paper. A new design of a printed IFA based on a uniplanar compact EBG concept is proposed. An L-loaded printed IFA shaped over an artificial ground plane is designed as the main antenna to cover the GSM, LTE, UMTS, bluetooth, and WLAN. The multi-band is created by means of an electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structure that is used as a ground plane. Different shapes of uniplanar EBG as ring, split ring resonator, and a spiral rather than mushroom-like structure are investigated. The proposed antenna is built on the uniplanar EBG ground plane with a size of 35×45 mm2, which is suitable for most of the mobile devices.

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Setiyowati, Diah, Syah Alam i Indra Surjati. "Miniaturization of Microstrip Antenna Using Spiral labyrinth Method at Frequency of Work 3.5 GHz". JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 5, nr 2 (26.01.2022): 520–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jite.v5i2.5650.

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Along with the times, communication technology has developed so that it is currently included in the Fifth Generation (5G) Communication System. The 5G communication system is divided into three frequency categories, namely low band, middle band and high band. One of the important devices in the telecommunications sector is the antenna. Antenna serves to send and receive electromagnetic signals at a certain working frequency. Currently, antennas have been completely integrated into the needs of modern society. One type of antenna that can support the needs of today's technology is a microstrip antenna. This antenna has several advantages, especially in its antenna compact design, low profile configuration and affordable manufacturing costs. In this article, a microstrip antenna is designed with the spiral labyrinth method that works at a frequency of 3.5 GHz for 5G communication system. Propsosed antena designed using RT Duroid R5880 with dielectric constant ( ) 2.2, dielectric loss (loss tan) 0.0009 and thickness (h) 1.57 mm. The simulation results show the reflection coefficient -29.58 dB, VSWR 1.069, gain 6.432 dB at frequency of 3.5 GHz . Spiral labyrinth has been succesfully reduced patch antenna and enclosure until 22.5% and 24.8%, respectively.

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Kola, Kalyan Sundar, Anirban Chatterjee i Deven Patanvariya. "Design of a compact high gain printed octagonal array of spiral-based fractal antennas for DBS application". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 12, nr 8 (6.04.2020): 769–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078720000239.

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AbstractThis paper presents a compact octagonal array of microstrip patch antennas for direct broadcast satellite (DBS) (12.2–12.7 GHz) services. The proposed single element of this array is a new fractal antenna, having considerably high gain and can heavily suppress cross polarization along the main beam direction. The single element is derived from a 2D spiral geometry. The corporate feed network of the array is designed in such a manner to make the structure very compact. The fabricated single element resonates at 12.51 GHz and gives a gain and bandwidth of 9.32 dBi and 280 MHz, respectively. The array resonates at 12.46 GHz and gives gain of 17.67 dBi and a bandwidth of 506 MHz, which ensures a 100% coverage of the entire DBS service band. The measured cross polarization of single element and array along the direction of main beam are −45.50 and −43.35 dB, respectively. Both the single element as well as the array maintains a reasonably good radiation efficiency of 86.70 and 82.20%, respectively.

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Yahyaoui, Ali, Ahmed Elsharabasy, Jawad Yousaf i Hatem Rmili. "Numerical Analysis of MIM-Based Log-Spiral Rectennas for Efficient Infrared Energy Harvesting". Sensors 20, nr 24 (8.12.2020): 7023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247023.

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This work presents the design and analysis of a metal-insulator-metal (MIM)-based optical log spiral rectenna for efficient energy harvesting at 28.3 THz. To maximize the benefits of the enhanced field of the proposed nano-antenna in the rectification process, the proposed design considers the antenna arms (Au) as the electrodes of the rectifying diode and the insulator is placed between the electrode terminals for the compact design of the horizontal MIM rectenna. The rectifier insulator, Al2O3, was inserted at the hotspot located in the gap between the antennas. A detailed analysis of the effect of different symmetric and asymmetric MIM-configurations (Au-Al2O3-Ag, Au-Al2O3-Al, Au-Al2O3-Cr, Au-Al2O3-Cu, and Au-Al2O3-Ti) was conducted. The results of the study suggested that the asymmetric configuration of Au-Al2O3-Ag provides optimal results. The proposed design benefits from the captured E-field intensity, I-V, resistivity, and responsivity and results in a rectenna that performs efficiently.

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Guinvarc'h, Regis, Mohammed Serhir i Fabrice Boust. "A Compact Dual-Polarized 3:1 Bandwidth Omnidirectional Array of Spiral Antennas". IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15 (2016): 1909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2016.2542982.

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Kim, Jang-Yeol, Nam Kim, Seungwoo Lee i Kwan-Ho Shin. "Compact Printed Antennas for Triple Band-Notched UWB Using Cmlsrrs And Spiral Resonators". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 55, nr 10 (26.07.2013): 2265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.27944.

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Hu, Ping, Hong-Wei Wu, Wen-Jun Sun, Nong Zhou, Xue Chen, Yong-Qiang Yang i Zong-Qiang Sheng. "Observation of localized acoustic skyrmions". Applied Physics Letters 122, nr 2 (9.01.2023): 022201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131777.

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Recently, acoustic skyrmions have been explored by tailoring velocity vectorial near-field distributions based on the interference of multiple spoof surface acoustic waves, providing new dimensions for advanced sound information processing, transport, and data storage. Here, we theoretically investigate and experimentally demonstrate that a deep-subwavelength spiral metastructure can also generate the acoustic skyrmion configuration. Analyzing the resonant response of the metastructure and observing the spatial profile of the velocity field, we find that the localized skyrmionic modes correspond to eigenmodes of the spiral structure. Thus, the skyrmionic modes do not require carefully tailored external excitation condition and they have multiple resonating frequencies unlike the single skyrmionic mode realized by the interference of multiple waves. We also demonstrate that the topological protected skyrmions supported by the subwavelength metastructure is robust against structure deformations and existence of structure defects. The real-space acoustic skyrmion topology may open new avenues for designing ultra-compact and robust acoustic devices, such as acoustic sensors, acoustic tweezers, and acoustic antennas.

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Roudjane, Mourad, Mazen Khalil, Amine Miled i Younés Messaddeq. "New Generation Wearable Antenna Based on Multimaterial Fiber for Wireless Communication and Real-Time Breath Detection". Photonics 5, nr 4 (11.10.2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics5040033.

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Smart textiles and wearable antennas along with broadband mobile technologies have empowered the wearable sensors for significant impact on the future of digital health care. Despite the recent development in this field, challenges related to lack of accuracy, reliability, user’s comfort, rigid form and challenges in data analysis and interpretation have limited their wide-scale application. Therefore, the necessity of developing a new reliable and user friendly approach to face these problems is more than urgent. In this paper, a new generation of wearable antenna is presented, and its potential use as a contactless and non-invasive sensor for human breath detection is demonstrated. The antenna is made from multimaterial fiber designed for short-range wireless network applications at 2.4 GHz frequency. The used composite metal-glass-polymer fibers permits their integration into a textile without compromising comfort or restricting movement of the user due to their high flexibility, and shield efficiently the antenna from the environmental perturbation. The multimaterial fiber approach provided a good radio-frequency emissive properties, while preserving the mechanical and cosmetic properties of the garments. With a smart textile featuring a spiral shape fiber antenna placed on a human chest, a significant shift of the operating frequency of the antenna was observed during the breathing process. The frequency shift is caused by the deformation of the antenna geometry due to the chest expansion, and to the modification of the dielectric properties of the chest during the breath. We demonstrate experimentally that the standard wireless networks, which measure the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) via standard Bluetooth protocol, can be used to reliably detect human breathing and estimate the breathing rate in real time. The mobile platform takes the form of a wearable stretching T-shirt featuring a sensor and a detection base station. The sensor is formed by a spiral-shaped antenna connected to a compact Bluetooth transmitter. Breathing patterns were recorded in the case of female and male volunteers. Although the chest anatomy of females and males is different compared, the sensor’s flexibility allowed recording successfully a breathing rate of 0.3 Hz for the female and 0.5 Hz for the male, which corresponds to a breathing rate of 21 breaths per minutes (bpm) and 30 bpm, respectively.

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Çelik, Ömer Faruk, i Sıddık Cumhur Başaran. "Compact triple-band implantable antenna for multitasking medical devices". Journal of Electrical Engineering 73, nr 3 (1.06.2022): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2022-0022.

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Abstract This paper presents a compact implantable antenna’s design, fabrication, and measurement for biotelemetry applications. The proposed design with the size of 255 mm3 provides a triple-band operation that covers all the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS: 402 MHz), Medical Device Radiocommunications Service (MedRadio: 405 MHz), and Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM: 433, 915 and 2450 MHz) bands simultaneously. The compact structure with triple- band performance is essentially achieved by using a spiral-like radiator loaded with meandered and internal gear-shaped elements excited by a vertical coaxial probe feed. Also, the slots-loaded partial ground plane is utilized to improve impedance matching at the desired frequency bands. The design and analysis of the antenna were carried out using the Ansoft HFSS software in a homogenous skin model and the CST Microwave Studio in a realistic human model. The proposed antenna was fabricated to validate the simulated results, and characteristics of its return loss and radiation patterns were measured in minced pork meat. Moreover, realized gains and specific absorption rate (SAR) values of the antenna were numerically computed using the simulators. Based on the simulated and measured results, the proposed antenna performance was found to be comparable to the limited number of multiband implantable antenna designs reported in the recent literature.

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Wei, Heng, Min Lin i Yang Xiang. "Compact square spiral printed antenna". Electronics Letters 50, nr 3 (styczeń 2014): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2013.3784.

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Gençoğlan, Duygu Nazan, Şule Çolak i Merih Palandöken. "Spiral-Resonator-Based Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna Design for Sub-6 GHz Applications". Applied Sciences 13, nr 15 (28.07.2023): 8719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13158719.

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This paper presents a novel frequency reconfigurable antenna design for sub-6 GHz applications, featuring a unique combination of antenna elements and control mechanisms. The antenna is composed of an outer split-ring resonator loaded with an inner spiral resonator, which can be adjusted through the remote control of PIN diode or Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) switches. The compact antenna, measuring 22 × 16 × 1.6 mm3, operates in broadband, or tri-band mode depending on the ON/OFF states of switches. The frequency reconfigurability is achieved using two BAR64−02V PIN diodes or two CG2415M6 SPDT switches acting as RF switches. SPDT switches are controlled remotely via Arduino unit. Additionally, the antenna demonstrates an omni-directional radiation pattern, making it suitable for wireless communication systems. Experimental results on an FR-4 substrate validate the numerical calculations, confirming the antenna’s performance and superiority over existing alternatives in terms of compactness, wide operating frequency range, and cost-effectiveness. The proposed design holds significant potential for applications in Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11 a/n/ac), Bluetooth (5 GHz), ISM (5 GHz), 3G (UMTS), 4G (LTE), wireless backhaul (4G and 5G networks), WLAN (IEEE 802.11 a/n/ac/ax), 5G NR n1 band, and Wi-Fi access points due to its small size and easy control mechanism. The antenna can be integrated into various devices, including access points, gateways, smartphones, and IoT kits. This novel frequency reconfigurable antenna design presents a valuable contribution to the field, paving the way for further advancements in wireless communication systems.

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Rigelsford, Jonathan M. "A compact stacked Archimedean spiral antenna". Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 26, nr 17-18 (15.10.2012): 2372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2012.734949.

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Korkmaz, Erdal, Omer Isik i Mohammed Ahmed Nassor. "A Compact Microstrip Spiral Antenna Embedded in Water Bolus for Hyperthermia Applications". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/954986.

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This paper presents the design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement of a circular spiral microstrip antenna embedded in distilled water bolus. The antenna is mainly designed to operate at 434 MHz ISM band to be used for a hyperthermia applicator. The performance of the antenna is compared to a conventional patch antenna also embedded in water bolus. The results show that spiral antenna has significant narrower radiation pattern and is capable to operate at multiple frequencies as well. Narrow beam of the antenna is desired to design a multiantenna arrangement with less coupling and a better focusing resolution which can be crucial for deep regional hyperthermia applications. The option of other frequencies is desirable to have a better control over the penetration depth versus focusing depending on the application region.

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Lu, Jui-Han, i Zi-Hao Liou. "Compact tag antenna for UHF active RFID applications". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, nr 7 (9.01.2017): 1427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716001409.

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By introducing an L-shaped metal plate connecting with the spiral monopole antenna, a planar compact ultra-high-frequency (UHF) tag antenna for radiofrequency identification system is proposed. With the overall antenna size of only 13 × 9 × 1.6 mm3, the proposed tag antenna provides the measured impedance bandwidth of 12 MHz to comply with Taiwan UHF operating band (922–928 MHz). The measured peak gain and antenna efficiency are approximately −1.1 dBi and 27% for Taiwan UHF band, respectively. Meanwhile, the measured reading distance can approach 250 m. Good tag sensitivity is obtained across the desired frequency band.

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Kumar, K., i N. Gunasekaran. "A Compact Multiband Notch UWB Antenna". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/197945.

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A simple and a compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) ultrawide band (UWB) antenna is presented. Multiband stop function is achieved by two different types of band stop resonators. One is a tilted square spiral slot resonator of different size and length etched on the patch and the other is a coupled resonator etched on the ground plane. These resonators provide considerable increase in notch bandwidth at the stop bands. The proposed antenna has a total size of18×20.3 mm2. The designed antenna achieves pass band performance at 1.8–2.1 GHz (15.38%), 3.0–3.2 GHz (6.45%), 4.4–4.7 GHz (6.59%), 6.3-6.4 GHz (1.57%), and 8–11.2 GHz (33.33%) where VSWR <2 and four stop bands at 2.4–2.8 GHz (15.38%), 3.2–3.7 GHz (14.49%), 5.5–6 GHz (8.69%), and 6.5–7 GHz (7.40%) where VSWR is equal to 10. The antenna has a peak gain of 3.8 dBi. The measured results show that the antenna achieves good impedance matching and consistent radiation patterns over an operating bandwidth.

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Li, Xue-Ping, Gang Xu, Chang-Jiao Duan, Ming-Rong Ma, Shui-E. Shi i Wei Li. "Compact TSA with Anti-Spiral Shape and Lumped Resistors for UWB Applications". Micromachines 12, nr 9 (27.08.2021): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091029.

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A novel compact tapered-slot-fed antenna (TSA) with anti-spiral shape and lumped resistors is presented for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. Unique coplanar waveguide (CPW) to coplanar strip (CPS) feeding structure and exponential slot are designed to ensure the continuous current propagation and good impedance matching. With a pair of anti-spiral-shaped structure loadings at the end of the antenna, the radiation performance in lower operating band can be enhanced obviously. The typical resistor loading technique is applied to improve the time domain characteristics and expand the bandwidth. The fabricated prototype of this proposed antenna with a size of 53 × 63.5 mm2 was measured to confirm simulated results. The proposed antenna has S11 less than −10 dB in the range of 1.2–9.8 GHz, and the group delay result is only 0.4 ns. These findings indicate the proposed antenna can be taken as a promising candidate in UWB communication field.

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Zito, Giuseppe A., Enrico M. Staderini i Stefano Pisa. "A Twin Spiral Planar Antenna for UWB Medical Radars". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/684185.

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A planar-spiral antenna to be used in an ultrawideband (UWB) radar system for heart activity monitoring is presented. The antenna, named “twin,” is constituted by two spiral dipoles in a compact structure. The reflection coefficient at the feed point of the dipoles is lower than −8 dB over the 3–12 GHz band, while the two-dipoles coupling is about −20 dB. The radiated beam is perpendicular to the plane of the spiral, so the antenna is wearable and it may be an optimal radiator for a medical UWB radar for heart rate detection. The designed antenna has been also used to check some hypotheses about the UWB radar heart activity detection mechanism. The radiation impedance variation, caused by the thorax vibrations associated with heart activity, seems to be the most likely explanation of the UWB radar operation.

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Sharma, Satish K., Mukund R. Thyagarajan, Anup N. Kulkarni i B. Shanmugam. "Frequency reconfigurable compact spiral loaded planar dipole antenna". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 55, nr 2 (21.12.2012): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.27282.

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Chen, Min-Hua, Shun-Shi Zhong, Sai-Qing Xu i Li-Xian Li. "Compact cavity-backed four-arm slot spiral antenna". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 51, nr 9 (19.06.2009): 2141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.24534.

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Ucar, Mustafa Hikmet Bilgehan, i Erdem Uras. "A Compact Modified Two-Arm Rectangular Spiral Implantable Antenna Design for ISM Band Biosensing Applications". Sensors 23, nr 10 (18.05.2023): 4883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23104883.

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This paper presents a new microstrip implantable antenna (MIA) design based on the two-arm rectangular spiral (TARS) element for ISM band (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical 2.4–2.48 GHz) biotelemetric sensing applications. In the antenna design, the radiating element consists of a two-arm rectangular spiral placed on a ground-supported dielectric layer with a permittivity of ϵr = 10.2 and a metallic line surrounding this spiral. Considering the practical implementation, in the proposed TARS-MIA, a superstrate of the same material is used to prevent contact between the tissue and the metallic radiator element. The TARS-MIA has a compact size of 10 × 10 × 2.56 mm3 and is excited by a 50 Ω coaxial feed line. The impedance bandwidth of the TARS-MIA is from 2.39 to 2.51 GHz considering a 50 Ω system, and has a directional radiation pattern with directivity of 3.18 dBi. Numerical analysis of the proposed microstrip antenna design is carried out in an environment with dielectric properties of rat skin (Cole–Cole model ϵf (ω), ρ = 1050 kg/m3) via CST Microwave Studio. The proposed TARS-MIA is fabricated using Rogers 3210 laminate with dielectric permittivity of ϵr = 10.2. The in vitro input reflection coefficient measurements are realized in a rat skin-mimicking liquid reported in the literature. It is observed that the in vitro measurement and simulation results are compatible, except for some inconsistencies due to manufacturing and material tolerances. The novelty of this paper is that the proposed antenna has a unique two-armed square spiral geometry along with a compact size. Moreover, an important contribution of the paper is the consideration of the radiation performance of the proposed antenna design in a realistic homogeneous 3D rat model. Ultimately, the proposed TARS-MIA may be a good alternative for ISM-band biosensing operations with its miniature size and acceptable radiation performance compared to its counterparts.

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Abdullah, Laith Wajeeh, Musa H. Wali i Adheed H. Saloomi. "Twelfth mode on-demand band notch UWB antenna for underlay cognitive radio". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22, nr 3 (1.06.2021): 1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1446-1456.

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A wide-slot ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with on-demand band rejection characteristics that can serve underlay cognitive radio is presented in this paper. This antenna is designed to work in twelve operation modes; one to cover the whole UWB while each of the rest modes excludes one or more of the ranges that are allocated for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), C-band, wireless local area network (WLAN), X-band and International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in a single, dual, triple, quad or penta band rejection state. A spiral shape slot in the patch and three slots mainly based on half-circular structures in the ground plane are the means to create the desired frequency notches. A positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) diode across each of these slots is used to enable/disable band(s) rejection process. Configuration of the proposed antenna to the desired mode of operation is decided by the state of its four PIN diodes. This work is simulated by computer simulation technology (CST) v.10. It’s S11, voltage-standing-wave-ratio (VSWR) and realized gain results when combined with antenna's 25x25x0.8 mm3 compact size and the large number of modes and states, all ensure its capability to eliminate or reduce the interference within the targeted bands and hence being suitable for the applications of underlay cognitive radio.

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Chen, Ling-Lu, Lei Chang, Zhuang-Zhi Chen i Qiao-Na Qiu. "Bandwidth-Enhanced Circularly Polarized Spiral Antenna With Compact Size". IEEE Access 8 (2020): 41246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2976705.

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Liu, Qing, Cheng-Li Ruan, Lin Peng i Wei-Xia Wu. "A NOVEL COMPACT ARCHIMEDEAN SPIRAL ANTENNA WITH GAP-LOADING". Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 3 (2008): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl08032002.

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Joseph, Saira, Binu Paul, Mridula Shanta i Mohanan Pezholil. "CPW-fed compact UWB spiral antenna for multiband applications". International Journal of Ultra Wideband Communications and Systems 3, nr 2 (2015): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijuwbcs.2015.077111.

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Chernobrovkin, Roman, D. Ivanchenko, I. Ivanchenko, N. Popenko i V. Pishikov. "A compact broadband spiral antenna for millimeter wave applications". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 56, nr 2 (23.12.2013): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.28064.

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William, Johnson, Prathamesh Bhat, Mandar Gaonkar, Sai Gaonkar, Surya Khandekar i Raju Patil. "Design and Analysis of MIMO Spiral Antenna for GPS, WLAN and UAV Applications". European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, nr 8 (31.08.2019): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.8.1427.

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This paper presents a multiband compact microstrip MIMO antenna for Unmanned Air Vehicle, GPS and WLAN applications. It consists of two symmetric triangular spiral shape patch and defected ground structure (DGS). The antenna is designed using low cost FR4 Substrate and analysed by using commercially available electromagnetic simulation software CST. The simulation results shows the designed antenna has resonance frequencies at 1.62 GHz and bandwidth from1.6027 GHz to 1.6391 GHz, at 2.42 GHz from 2.3609 GHz to 2.4667 GHz and 3.79 GHz from 3.6418 GHz to 3.7909 GHz frequency which covers GPS, WLAN and UAV(LTE band) applications respectively. Detailed physical analysis of proposed antenna is presented and the characteristics of antenna are verified by the return loss, insertion loss, gain and directivity. It is found that it has good performance for above applications. The overall size of the antenna is 28 x 20.5 mm2 which is less than the conventional antenna by 84% at lowest resonating frequency of 1.62 GHz.

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31

William, Johnson, Prathamesh Bhat, Mandar Gaonkar, Sai Gaonkar, Surya Khandekar i Raju Patil. "Design and Analysis of MIMO Spiral Antenna for GPS, WLAN and UAV Applications". European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, nr 8 (31.08.2019): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.8.1427.

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This paper presents a multiband compact microstrip MIMO antenna for Unmanned Air Vehicle, GPS and WLAN applications. It consists of two symmetric triangular spiral shape patch and defected ground structure (DGS). The antenna is designed using low cost FR4 Substrate and analysed by using commercially available electromagnetic simulation software CST. The simulation results shows the designed antenna has resonance frequencies at 1.62 GHz and bandwidth from1.6027 GHz to 1.6391 GHz, at 2.42 GHz from 2.3609 GHz to 2.4667 GHz and 3.79 GHz from 3.6418 GHz to 3.7909 GHz frequency which covers GPS, WLAN and UAV(LTE band) applications respectively. Detailed physical analysis of proposed antenna is presented and the characteristics of antenna are verified by the return loss, insertion loss, gain and directivity. It is found that it has good performance for above applications. The overall size of the antenna is 28 x 20.5 mm2 which is less than the conventional antenna by 84% at lowest resonating frequency of 1.62 GHz.

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32

Zhong, Yong-Wei, Guo-Min Yang, Jing-Yan Mo i Li-Rong Zheng. "Compact Circularly Polarized Archimedean Spiral Antenna for Ultrawideband Communication Applications". IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16 (2017): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2016.2560258.

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33

Aeini, M., S. Jarchi i R. Faraji‐Dana. "Compact, wideband‐printed quasi‐Yagi antenna using spiral metamaterial resonators". Electronics Letters 53, nr 21 (październik 2017): 1393–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2017.2149.

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34

Jeong, S. J., i K. C. Hwang. "Compact loop-coupled spiral antenna for multiband wireless USB dongles". Electronics Letters 46, nr 6 (2010): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2010.3006.

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35

Ahmad, Ashfaq, Farzana Arshad, Syeda Iffat Naqvi, Yasar Amin, Hannu Tenhunen i Jonathan Loo. "Flexible and Compact Spiral-Shaped Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Applications". IETE Journal of Research 66, nr 1 (20.06.2018): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2018.1477629.

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36

Ghassemi, N., Ke Wu, S. Claude, Xiupu Zhang i J. Bornemann. "Compact Coplanar Waveguide Spiral Antenna With Circular Polarization for Wideband Applications". IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 10 (2011): 666–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2011.2160976.

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37

Chun-Chih Liu, Pei-Ling Chi i Yu-De Lin. "Compact Zeroth-Order Resonant Antenna Based on Dual-Arm Spiral Configuration". IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 11 (2012): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2012.2191381.

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38

Shih, Ting-Yen, i Nader Behdad. "A Compact, Broadband Spiral Antenna With Unidirectional Circularly Polarized Radiation Patterns". IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 63, nr 6 (czerwiec 2015): 2776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2015.2414476.

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39

Djaiz, A., M. A. Habib, M. Nedil i T. A. Denidni. "Compact CPW-FED matched dual-band monopole antenna using spiral resonators". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 52, nr 6 (19.03.2010): 1425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.25218.

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40

Saeidi, Tale, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi i Saeid Karamzadeh. "A Miniaturized Full-Ground Dual-Band MIMO Spiral Button Wearable Antenna for 5G and Sub-6 GHz Communications". Sensors 23, nr 4 (10.02.2023): 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23041997.

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A detachable miniaturized three-element spirals radiator button antenna integrated with a compact leaky-wave wearable antenna forming a dual-band three-port antenna is proposed. The leaky-wave antenna is fabricated on a denim (εr = 1.6, tan δ = 0.006) textile substrate with dimensions of 0.37 λ0 × 0.25 λ0 × 0.01 λ0 mm3 and a detachable rigid button of 20 mm diameter (on a PTFE substrate εr = 2.01, tan δ = 0.001). It augments users’ comfort, making it one of the smallest to date in the literature. The designed antenna, with 3.25 to 3.65 GHz and 5.4 to 5.85 GHz operational bands, covers the wireless local area network (WLAN) frequency (5.1–5.5 GHz), the fifth-generation (5G) communication band. Low mutual coupling between the ports and the button antenna elements ensures high diversity performance. The performance of the specific absorption rate (SAR) and the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) are also examined. The simulation and measurement findings agree well. Low SAR, <−0.05 of LCC, more than 9.5 dBi diversity gain, dual polarization, and strong isolation between every two ports all point to the proposed antenna being an ideal option for use as a MIMO antenna for communications.

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41

Kaur, Amanpreet. "Semi Spiral G-shaped dual wideband Microstrip Antenna with Aperture feeding for WLAN/WiMAX/U-NII band applications". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, nr 6 (1.04.2015): 931–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715000276.

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In this paper, a dual wideband microstrip antenna (MSA) has been presented for wireless local area networks (WLAN), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (Wi MaX) and U-NII band applications. The antenna is designed and simulated using CSTMWS V'10. The main goal of this paper is to get multi-frequency behavior by cutting resonant slots into the patch of the antenna and a wideband antenna behavior using an aperture coupled feeding method. The designed antenna has a semi-spiral G-shaped compact structure and an electromagnetically coupled feeding mechanism (aperture-coupled feeding). It is fabricated on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.009. The testing of prototype antenna (to measure S11) is done using a vector network analyzer. The measured results are 80% matching to the simulated ones. The parametric study, simulation results, measured results, and applications of the MSA for WLAN, WiMAX, and the FCC unlicensed 5.2 GHz National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) bands are presented in the paper. The antenna shows a simulated gain of about 4.5 dB at the three wireless application bands.

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42

Jusoh, M., M. F. Jamlos, M. R. Kamarudin i T. Sabapathy. "A Reconfigurable WiMAX Antenna for Directional and Broadside Application". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/405943.

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A novel reconfigurable compact patch array antenna for directional and broadside application is proposed. The presented antenna has successfully been able to function for directional beam at 320° or 35° and divisive broadside beam at 43° and 330°. This is realized in the unique form of aperture coupled spiral feeding technique and positioning of the radiating elements at 0°, 90,° and 180°. The switchable feature is effectively performed by the configuration of three PIN diodes. All PIN diodes are positioned at the specific location of the aperture coupled structure. It is discovered in simulation that the switches can be represented with a copper strip line or touchstone (TS) block . The proposed antenna design operates at 2.37 GHz to 2.41 GHz and has a maximum gain of 6.4 dB and efficiency of 85.97%. Such antenna produces a broadside HPBW with a wider bandwidth covering from −90° to 90° compared to the normal microstrip antenna which could only provide HPBW of −50° to 50°. Moreover, the proposed antenna has small physical dimension of 100 mm by 100 mm. The simulation and measurement results have successfully exhibited the idea of the presented antenna performance. Therefore, the antenna is sufficiently competent in the smart WiMAX antenna application.

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43

Liu, Longsheng, Yue Li, Zhijun Zhang i Zhenghe Feng. "Compact helical antenna with small ground fed by spiral‐shaped microstrip line". Electronics Letters 50, nr 5 (luty 2014): 336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2013.4021.

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44

Khang Nguyen, Truong, Keekeun Lee, Hosung Choo i Ikmo Park. "A compact spiral stripline-loaded monopole antenna with a vertical ground plane". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, nr 1 (2007): 250–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23043.

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45

Wu, Chih-Kuang, Tsung-Fu Chien, Chin-Lung Yang i Ching-Hsing Luo. "Design of Novel S-Shaped Quad-Band Antenna for MedRadio/WMTS/ISM Implantable Biotelemetry Applications". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/564092.

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A novel S-shaped quad-band planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is proposed for implantable biotelemetry in the Medical Device Radiocommunications Service (MedRadio) band (401–406 MHz), Wireless Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS) band (1427–1432 MHz), and industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands (433-434 MHz and 2.4–2.4835 GHz). The proposed antenna reveals compact dimension of 254 mm3(10×10×2.45 mm3) and is composed of three substrates and a superstrate, which are constructed from an S-shaped radiator (layer 1) and two twin radiators of spiral structures (layer 2 and layer 3). The optimal antenna characteristics were measured in the ground pork skin, and the measured bandwidths are 150 MHz for the MedRadio and ISM bands (433 MHz), 52 MHz for the WMTS band, and 102 MHz for the ISM band (2.4 GHz), respectively. The characteristics of proposed antenna are enough to support the applications of implantable body area networks (BAN) for biotelemetry and can completely cover main available frequency bands of BAN for biotelemetry below 3 GHz.

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46

Karimian, Reza, Mansoor Dashti Ardakani, Shahrokh Ahmadi i Mona Zaghloul. "Human Body Specific Absorption Rate Reduction Employing a Compact Magneto-Dielectric AMC Structure for 5G Massive-MIMO Applications". Eng 2, nr 4 (4.11.2021): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng2040032.

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A compact artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure for the application of specific absorption rate (SAR) reduction is presented in this paper. A magneto-dielectric (MD) structure as a host of AMC substrate is used to miniaturize the AMC size. The magneto-dielectric has been designed with a low-profile spiral loop in a way to have a high permittivity and permeability for the desired center frequency of 3.5 GHz. Simulation results confirm the zero-degree reflection phase of the proposed AMC unit cell. Moreover, a 70% reduction has been achieved in comparison to the conventional AMC. To validate the simulation results, a prototype of the board is fabricated and measured with a coplanar waveguide (CPW) antenna for the reflection coefficient. The measurement results display an excellent agreement with the simulation ones. A VOXEL model of a human body is utilized to determine the SAR value of the proposed structure. Considering the maximum SAR value for an average of 10 g human tissue, more than 70% SAR reduction is verified for the CPW antenna with the recommended MD-AMC structure compared to a conventional single CPW antenna.

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47

Sanyal, Rajarshi, Partha Pratim Sarkar i Santosh Kumar Chowdhury. "Quasi-self-complementary ultra-wideband antenna with band rejection characteristics". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 10, nr 3 (kwiecień 2018): 336–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078717001106.

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This article presents a compact novel quasi-self-complementary semi-octagonal-shaped antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) application. The proposed novel structure is fed by a microstrip line where different rectangular truncation is etched to the ground plane as an impedance matching element, which results for much wider impedance bandwidth (VSWR<2) from 2.9 to 20 GHz. In order to obtain band-notched characteristics at 5.5 GHz, an open-ended, quarter wavelength, spiral-shaped stub is introduced in the vicinity of the truncated part of the ground plane. An equivalent circuit model is adopted to investigate the band rejection characteristics of the ground plane stub. Sharpness of the rejection band can be controlled by maintaining the gap between stub resonator and the slotted periphery of ground plane. The proposed antenna design is validated by experimental measurements.

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48

Beigi, P., J. Nourinia i Y. Zehforoosh. "Compact CPW-fed spiral-patch monopole antenna with tuneable frequency for multiband applications". Journal of Instrumentation 13, nr 04 (10.04.2018): P04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/13/04/p04014.

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49

Eubanks, Travis Wayne, i Kai Chang. "A Compact Parallel-Plane Perpendicular-Current Feed for a Modified Equiangular Spiral Antenna". IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 58, nr 7 (lipiec 2010): 2193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2010.2048856.

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Beigi, Payam, Javad Nourinia, Yashar Zehforoosh i Bahman Mohammadi. "A compact novel CPW-fed antenna with square spiral-patch for multiband applications". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, nr 1 (18.11.2014): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.28783.

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