Spis treści
Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Community phylogenetics approach”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Zobacz listy aktualnych artykułów, książek, rozpraw, streszczeń i innych źródeł naukowych na temat „Community phylogenetics approach”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Community phylogenetics approach"
1
Guo, Xue, Huaqun Yin, Jing Cong, Zhimin Dai, Yili Liang i Xueduan Liu. "RubisCO Gene Clusters Found in a Metagenome Microarray from Acid Mine Drainage". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, nr 6 (18.01.2013): 2019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03400-12.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
ABSTRACTThe enzyme responsible for carbon dioxide fixation in the Calvin cycle, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), is always detected as a phylogenetic marker to analyze the distribution and activity of autotrophic bacteria. However, such an approach provides no indication as to the significance of genomic content and organization. Horizontal transfers of RubisCO genes occurring in eubacteria and plastids may seriously affect the credibility of this approach. Here, we presented a new method to analyze the diversity and genomic content of RubisCO genes in acid mine drainage (AMD). A metagenome microarray containing 7,776 large-insertion fosmids was constructed to quickly screen genome fragments containing RubisCO form I large-subunit genes (cbbL). Forty-sixcbbL-containing fosmids were detected, and six fosmids were fully sequenced. To evaluate the reliability of the metagenome microarray and understand the microbial community in AMD, the diversities ofcbbLand the 16S rRNA gene were analyzed. Fosmid sequences revealed that the form I RubisCO gene cluster could be subdivided into form IA and IB RubisCO gene clusters in AMD, because of significant divergences in molecular phylogenetics and conservative genomic organization. Interestingly, the form I RubisCO gene cluster coexisted with the form II RubisCO gene cluster in one fosmid genomic fragment. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that horizontal transfers of RubisCO genes may occur widely in AMD, which makes the evolutionary history of RubisCO difficult to reconcile with organismal phylogeny.
2
Humphreys, John M., Angela M. Pelzel-McCluskey, Lee W. Cohnstaedt, Bethany L. McGregor, Kathryn A. Hanley, Amy R. Hudson, Katherine I. Young, Dannele Peck, Luis L. Rodriguez i Debra P. C. Peters. "Integrating Spatiotemporal Epidemiology, Eco-Phylogenetics, and Distributional Ecology to Assess West Nile Disease Risk in Horses". Viruses 13, nr 9 (12.09.2021): 1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091811.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV) is the causative agent of West Nile disease in humans, horses, and some bird species. Since the initial introduction of WNV to the United States (US), approximately 30,000 horses have been impacted by West Nile neurologic disease and hundreds of additional horses are infected each year. Research describing the drivers of West Nile disease in horses is greatly needed to better anticipate the spatial and temporal extent of disease risk, improve disease surveillance, and alleviate future economic impacts to the equine industry and private horse owners. To help meet this need, we integrated techniques from spatiotemporal epidemiology, eco-phylogenetics, and distributional ecology to assess West Nile disease risk in horses throughout the contiguous US. Our integrated approach considered horse abundance and virus exposure, vector and host distributions, and a variety of extrinsic climatic, socio-economic, and environmental risk factors. Birds are WNV reservoir hosts, and therefore we quantified avian host community dynamics across the continental US to show intra-annual variability in host phylogenetic structure and demonstrate host phylodiversity as a mechanism for virus amplification in time and virus dilution in space. We identified drought as a potential amplifier of virus transmission and demonstrated the importance of accounting for spatial non-stationarity when quantifying interaction between disease risk and meteorological influences such as temperature and precipitation. Our results delineated the timing and location of several areas at high risk of West Nile disease and can be used to prioritize vaccination programs and optimize virus surveillance and monitoring.
3
Brennan, Ian G., Alan R. Lemmon, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Daniel M. Portik, Valter Weijola, Luke Welton, Stephen C. Donnellan i J. Scott Keogh. "Phylogenomics of Monitor Lizards and the Role of Competition in Dictating Body Size Disparity". Systematic Biology 70, nr 1 (10.06.2020): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa046.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Organismal interactions drive the accumulation of diversity by influencing species ranges, morphology, and behavior. Interactions vary from agonistic to cooperative and should result in predictable patterns in trait and range evolution. However, despite a conceptual understanding of these processes, they have been difficult to model, particularly on macroevolutionary timescales and across broad geographic spaces. Here, we investigate the influence of biotic interactions on trait evolution and community assembly in monitor lizards (Varanus). Monitors are an iconic radiation with a cosmopolitan distribution and the greatest size disparity of any living terrestrial vertebrate genus. Between the colossal Komodo dragon Varanus komodoensis and the smallest Australian dwarf goannas, Varanus length and mass vary by multiple orders of magnitude. To test the hypothesis that size variation in this genus was driven by character displacement, we extended existing phylogenetic comparative methods which consider lineage interactions to account for dynamic biogeographic history and apply these methods to Australian monitors and marsupial predators. Incorporating both exon-capture molecular and morphological data sets we use a combined evidence approach to estimate the relationships among living and extinct varaniform lizards. Our results suggest that communities of Australian Varanus show high functional diversity as a result of continent-wide interspecific competition among monitors but not with faunivorous marsupials. We demonstrate that patterns of trait evolution resulting from character displacement on continental scales are recoverable from comparative data and highlight that these macroevolutionary patterns may develop in parallel across widely distributed sympatric groups.[Character displacement; comparative methods; phylogenetics; trait evolution; Varanus.]
4
Vincent, Helvin, Harisree P. Nair i Dr Sarita G. Bhat. "Community Genomics Involving Culture Independent Approach for Assessing the Phylogenetic Diversity of Mangrove Sediment". Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, nr 10 (1.10.2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/oct2013/10.
Pełny tekst źródła
5
Tofts, Richard, i Jonathan Silvertown. "A phylogenetic approach to community assembly from a local species pool". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 267, nr 1441 (22.02.2000): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1010.
Pełny tekst źródła
6
Hausberger, Barbara, i Judith Korb. "A phylogenetic community approach for studying termite communities in a West African savannah". Biology Letters 11, nr 10 (październik 2015): 20150625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0625.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Termites play fundamental roles in tropical ecosystems, and mound-building species in particular are crucial in enhancing species diversity, from plants to mammals. However, it is still unclear which factors govern the occurrence and assembly of termite communities. A phylogenetic community approach and null models of species assembly were used to examine structuring processes associated with termite community assembly in a pristine savannah. Overall, we did not find evidence for a strong influence of interspecific competition or environmental filtering in structuring these communities. However, the presence of a single species, the mound-building termite Macrotermes bellicosus , left a strong signal on structuring and led to clustered communities of more closely related species. Hence, this species changes the assembly rules for a whole community. Our results show the fundamental importance of a single insect species for community processes, suggesting that more attention to insect species is warranted when developing conservation strategies.
7
Smeti, Evangelia, Konstantinos Ar Kormas i Sofie Spatharis. "A non-phylogenetic alpha diversity approach on prokaryotic community structure in aquatic systems". Ecological Indicators 29 (czerwiec 2013): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.01.027.
Pełny tekst źródła
8
Quattrini, Andrea M., Peter J. Etnoyer, Cheryl Doughty, Lisa English, Rosalia Falco, Natasha Remon, Matthew Rittinghouse i Erik E. Cordes. "A phylogenetic approach to octocoral community structure in the deep Gulf of Mexico". Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 99 (styczeń 2014): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.05.027.
Pełny tekst źródła
9
von Wintzingerode, Friedrich, Burkhard Selent, Werner Hegemann i Ulf B. Göbel. "Phylogenetic Analysis of an Anaerobic, Trichlorobenzene-Transforming Microbial Consortium". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, nr 1 (1.01.1999): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.1.283-286.1999.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
ABSTRACT A culture-independent phylogenetic survey for an anaerobic trichlorobenzene-transforming microbial community was carried out. Small-subunit rRNA genes were PCR amplified from community DNA by using primers specific for Bacteria or Euryarchaeotaand were subsequently cloned. Application of a new hybridization-based screening approach revealed 51 bacterial clone families, one of which was closely related to dechlorinating Dehalobacter species. Several clone sequences clustered to rDNA sequences obtained from a molecular study of an anaerobic aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents (Dojka et al., Appl. Env. Microbiol. 64:3869–3877, 1998).
10
Delhaye, Guillaume, Olivier J. Hardy, Maxime Séleck, Edouard Ilunga wa Ilunga, Grégory Mahy i Pierre Meerts. "Plant community assembly along a natural metal gradient in central Africa: Functional and phylogenetic approach". Journal of Vegetation Science 31, nr 1 (27.11.2019): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12829.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Community phylogenetics approach"
1
Bernard-Verdier, Maud. "Structure et assemblage des communautés végétales de parcours des Grands Causses : approche fonctionnelle, phénologique et phylogénétique". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20047/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Comprendre l'influence de l'environnement sur la distribution des espèces végétales est une préoccupation à la base même de l'écologie végétale. L'objectif de cette thèse est de comprendre comment les communautés végétales de parcours des Grands Causses s'assemblent en fonction de la disponibilité en ressources édaphiques. Pour cela, la structure de niche des communautés a été caractérisée en termes de gestion des ressources, de stratégie de régénération, de niche temporelle et d'histoire évolutive des espèces le long d'un gradient édaphique. Par une approche basée sur les traits fonctionnels, nous avons mis en évidence (i) des processus de filtres, d'origine abiotique et biotique, qui restreignent localement la gamme de variation des traits et trient les espèces le long du gradient, ainsi que (ii) des patrons de divergence ou de convergence des traits au sein des communautés qui révèlent les conditions locales de coexistence des espèces. En milieux peu contraints et productifs, nous observons une convergence des stratégies d'utilisation des ressources, probablement en réponse à une forte compétition aérienne, qui est associée à une divergence des stratégies de reproduction et de régénération. A l'inverse, vers les milieux plus contraignants, une diversité de stratégies de gestion de la ressource coexiste, entrainant un maximum de diversité fonctionnelle en conditions de contraintes intermédiaires. Nous montrons par ailleurs une forte convergence phylogénétique dans ces parcours, associée à la dominance des espèces graminoïdes, qui s'atténue dans les milieux les plus contraints, où une diversité de lignées évolutives adaptées à la sécheresse coexiste. De plus, nous avons pu mettre en évidence que la dominance dans ces parcours est associée à des caractères fonctionnels généraux – tels qu'une teneur en matière sèche élevées, de grosses graines et une hauteur reproductive élevée – mais que celle-ci est ensuite modulée par les conditions édaphiques à une échelle plus fine via d'autres traits tels que la surface spécifique foliaire. Enfin, nous montrons que la phénologie des communautés joue un rôle essentiel dans l'assemblage de ces communautés le long du gradient, à la fois en réponse aux contraintes abiotiques saisonnières, particulièrement la précocité de la sécheresse édaphique, mais également aux interactions biotiques qui limitent le chevauchement des floraisons dans les milieux productifs. La combinaison des différentes approches fonctionnelle, phénologique et phylogénétique de la structure des communautés nous permet ainsi de proposer une vision intégrative des processus complexes d'assemblage des communautés dans ces parcoursUnderstanding how the environment influences plant species distribution is a fundamental question in plant ecology. This work aims at understanding how soil resource availability influences plant community assembly and structure in Mediterranean rangelands of Southern France. To do this, the niche structure of plant communities has been described in terms resource use, regeneration strategy, phenology and evolutionary history along a soil resource gradient. Using a trait-based approach, we show that (1) filtering processes, both abiotic and biotic, may restrain trait ranges within communities and sort species along a gradient of soil resource availability, and (2) patterns of functional convergence and divergence among species within communities may reveal different processes of local species coexistence under different soil conditions. Within productive habitats, we found a strong convergence in resource use strategies, possibly resulting from strong aboveground competition, which was accompanied by a divergence in reproductive and regenerative strategies. By contrast, towards more constrained habitats, and despite a strong abiotic filter, a diversity of resource use strategies coexisted, creating a maximum of functional diversity at intermediate levels of constraints. Moreover, the strong phylogenetic convergence in these rangeland communities, mainly related to the dominance of graminoid species, diminished towards the more constrained soils where a diversity of drought-adapted lineages coexisted. In addition, we were able to relate dominance in these rangelands to a few general characters – namely high leaf dry matter content, large seeds and high reproductive heights – which were modulated at a finer spatial scale by local soil conditions influencing different criteria such as specific leaf area. Finally, we highlight the strong phenological response of communities to soil resource availability and the timing of summer drought. However, results also suggest a role of biotic factors, such as competition, in limiting flowering overlap among coexisting species in productive habitats. Combining functional, phenological and phylogenetic approaches allowed us to provide an integrative understanding of the complex processes driving community assembly in these rangelands
2
Chen, Ting-Wen. "Assembly processes in soil animal communities: Integrating phylogeny and trait-based approaches". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E372-9.
Pełny tekst źródła
3
Boyle, Elizabeth. "Community phylogenetics: methodological approaches and patterns in subarctic freshwater insect systems". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/4046.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
I aimed to expand our understanding of community assembly and species co-existence by examining the implications of phylogenetic robustness on metrics describing phylogenetic community structure, as well as the phylogenetic patterns of co-occurring insect species in Churchill, MB. Using a variety of tree reconstruction methods, I found that cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was able to accurately estimate phylogenetic community structure metrics calculated from a multi-gene phylogeny when using more biologically realistic approaches. This included incorporating known phylogenetic relationships among families, and methods that employ best-fit models of molecular evolution (i.e. Bayesian inference). My second study examined the phylogenetic community patterns of freshwater insects. Overall communities were phylogenetically clustered suggesting environmental filtering, but community structure varied with time, habitat, taxonomic group, and water chemistry (particularly pH and turbidity). My thesis has suggested more robust techniques for calculating phylogenetic community structure, and described patterns of phylogenetic community composition in subarctic freshwater insects.Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), International Barcode of Life (iBOL), Genome Canada, Ontario Genomics Institute, Canadian Foundation for Innovation, Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation, Churchill Northern Studies Centre, and Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada.
Części książek na temat "Community phylogenetics approach"
1
le Roux, Johannes J. "Molecular ecology of plant-microbial interactions during invasions: progress and challenges." W Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 340–62. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0340.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Microbes are omnipresent, yet their interactions with invasive plants remain understudied. This is surprising, given the importance of microbes in plant community ecology and their influence on plant performance in new environments. Recent advances in molecular genetic approaches have opened the door to studying this unseen majority in great detail and to understand how they fit into ecological interaction networks. Molecular approaches allow rapid assessments of microbial diversity at reasonable cost while providing both taxonomic and evolutionary information. Here I discuss how these approaches have contributed to a better understanding of plant-microbial interactions in the context of biological invasions. By drawing insights from various case studies, I illustrate how next-generation sequencing (DNA barcoding) has revolutionized the way we understand such interactions. Tight-knit and coevolved mutualist (e.g. mycorrhizal) and antagonist (e.g. pathogen) interactions appear particularly promising to understand the structure and function of invasive plant-microbial interaction networks, the impacts of invasive plants on native networks and the vulnerability of native networks to infiltration by non-native species. I also discuss novel ways in which molecular data can aid the study of invasive plant-microbial interactions, such as incorporating phylogenetic data into network analyses to better understand the role of evolutionary history in network dynamics and how such dynamics respond to plant invasions. DNA barcoding of microbes also presents unique challenges to the study of network ecology, such as uncertainty in the legitimacy and efficiency of interactions. Future research should incorporate overall plant-associated microbial communities (microbiomes) into interaction networks to better understand the role microbes play during plant invasions.
2
Cadotte, Marc W., i T. Jonathan Davies. "Phylogenetic Patterns within Communities". W Phylogenies in Ecology. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157689.003.0003.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter discusses the use of phylogenetic distances to infer mechanisms of ecological assembly. Mechanisms influencing patterns of community assembly act on the ecological similarities and differences of organisms, and not on the number of species. Phylogenetic patterns of relatedness have provided an especially useful and popular approach to quantifying expected species ecological differences for examining community assembly. Over the past decade, phylogenetic information has been widely used in community assembly studies to test a basic set of hypotheses about the relatedness of co-occurring species. This chapter considers two kinds of metrics employing phylogenetic information: those that examine patterns of relatedness by measuring phylogenetic distances among species, and those that provide an index of phylodiversity within an assemblage by accounting for the distribution of or evenness in edge lengths.
3
Cadotte, Marc W., i T. Jonathan Davies. "Randomizations, Null Distributions, and Hypothesis Testing". W Phylogenies in Ecology. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157689.003.0004.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter examines the logic of null modeling for phylogenetic tests. Developing null expectations for community phylogenetic patterns from randomization procedures is the cornerstone for many ecophylogenetic analysis. The chapter advocates an approach that explicitly considers multiple randomizations to better understand what aspects of community and phylogenetic structure determine observed patterns. It first provides a brief historical overview of randomization tests in ecology, focusing on two important academic conflicts that highlight the need for using randomizations in ecological analysis: the first relates to species–genus ratios and competition between close relatives, and the second deals with co-occurrence patterns and competitive coexistence. It then explains how community data and phylogenetic data can be randomized, taking into account randomizations to test trait data, altering the phylogenetic tree, and other randomizations and inference issues. It also discusses some important considerations for constructing the species pool to be used in the randomization tests.
4
Cadotte, Marc W., i T. Jonathan Davies. "The Geography of Speciation and Character Displacement". W Phylogenies in Ecology. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157689.003.0006.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter examines how phylogenetic approaches can address both ecological character displacement and community-wide character displacement. In ecological character displacement, selection might drive the divergence of ecological phenotypes by negative antagonistic interactions that reduce competition between sympatric populations utilizing the same resource base. In community-wide character displacement, ecological divergence occurs in allopatry, and competition filters species into communities based upon their trait values. The geographic distribution of a species reflects multiple factors, including its strength of phylogenetic niche conservatism and the geography of present day climate, its dispersal ability, and the history of speciation. This chapter considers the effect of competition in the native range, focusing on a scenario in which the evolution of species traits may itself be a product of species interactions. It shows that phylogenetic methods can additionally provide insights into how species interactions might shape trait evolution and even illuminate the process of speciation itself.
5
"Community Ecology of Stream Fishes: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques". W Community Ecology of Stream Fishes: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques, redaktorzy Peter B. McIntyre i Alexander S. Flecker. American Fisheries Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874141.ch27.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
<em>Abstract</em>.—Ecological stoichiometry refers to the relative availability of elements in ecosystems as both an influence upon and result of ecological interactions. Nutrient ratios have long been analyzed in primary producers, but their application to animals is more recent. Here, we summarize the ecological stoichiometry framework and highlight three key contexts in stream fish ecology: body stoichiometry, dietary stoichiometry, and roles in ecosystem nutrient cycling. Elemental demands for growth depend directly upon the stoichiometry of carbon and nutrients in body tissues. Body stoichiometry varies widely among the dozens of stream fish species for which data are available and exhibits some phylogenetic and size-based patterns. Due to the variety of foods consumed by stream fishes, the stoichiometry of their diets also varies widely. Consuming foods with high carbon:nutrient ratios can produce phosphorus-limited growth in algivores and potentially in insectivores as well. These expectations contrast with the prevailing belief that energy intake is the key nutritional control on growth of most fishes. Ingested nutrients that are not incorporated into body tissues must be defecated or excreted. These waste products can be a critical component of ecosystem nutrient cycles and offer the opportunity for species identity to affect ecosystem functioning. We argue that ecological stoichiometry provides an integrative framework for merging perspectives across individual, population, community, and ecosystem levels. Broader application of this approach to stream fishes will offer particular insight into consumer–resource interactions and ecosystem dynamics.
6
"Community Ecology of Stream Fishes: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques". W Community Ecology of Stream Fishes: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques, redaktorzy Julian D. Olden i Mark J. Kennard. American Fisheries Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874141.ch5.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
<em>Abstract</em>.—The flow regime is considered the primary driver of physical processes in riverine ecosystems; thus we expect that the trait composition of fish assemblages might respond similarly to hydrologic variability, even at broad spatial scales. Here, we test the hypothesis that freshwater fish life history strategies on two continents (southern United States and eastern Australia) converge along gradients of hydrologic variability and primary productivity at the drainage scale. Our results show that the fishes of the United States and Australia conform to the three-dimensional adaptive space arising from the trade-offs among three basic demographic parameters of survival, fecundity, and onset and duration of reproductive life. Species from both continents represent the endpoints in adaptive space defining the periodic (19% versus 33% for the United States and Australia, respectively), opportunistic (69% versus 52%), and equilibrium life history strategies (12% versus 15%). We found evidence that fish life history composition of drainage basins in the two continents have converged across similar gradients of hydrologic variability and productivity despite phylogenetic and historical differences. Moreover, these relationships were largely consistent with predictions from life history theory. Increasing hydrologic variability has promoted the greater prevalence of opportunistic strategists (a strategy that should maximize fitness in environmental settings dominated by unpredictable environmental change) while concurrently minimizing the persistence of periodic-type species (a strategy typically inhabits seasonal, periodically suitable environments). Our study provides a conceptual framework of management options for species in regulated rivers because life history strategies are the underlying determinants for population responses to environmental change and therefore can be used to classify typical population responses to flow alteration or mitigation via environmental flow prescriptions.
7
"Community Ecology of Stream Fishes: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques". W Community Ecology of Stream Fishes: Concepts, Approaches, and Techniques, redaktorzy Emmanuel A. Frimpong i Paul L. Angermeier. American Fisheries Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874141.ch6.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
<em>Abstract</em>.—Species traits are used to study the functional organization of fish communities for a range of reasons, from simply reducing data dimensionality to providing mechanistic explanations for observed variation in communities. Ecological and life history traits have been used to understand the basic ecology of fishes and predict (1) species and community responses to habitat and climate alteration, and (2) species extinction, species invasion, and community homogenization. Many approaches in this arena have been developed during the past three decades, but they often have not been integrated with related ecological concepts or subdisciplines, which has led to confusion in terminology. We review 102 studies of species traits and then summarize patterns in traits being used and questions being addressed with trait-based approaches. Overall, studies of fish–habitat relationships that apply habitat templates and hierarchical filters dominate our sample; the most frequently used traits are related to feeding. We define and show the relationships among key terms such as fundamental and realized niches; functional traits, performance, and fitness; tactic, trait-state, syndromes, and strategies; and guilds and functional groups. We propose accelerating research to (1) quantify trait plasticity, (2) identify traits useful for testing ecological hypotheses, (3) model habitat and biotic interactions in communities while explicitly accounting for phylogenetic relationships, (4) explore how traits control community assembly, and (5) document the importance of traits in fish– community responses to anthropogenic change and in delivering ecosystem services. Further synthesis of these topics is still needed to develop concepts, models, and principles that can unify the disparate approaches taken in trait-based analysis of fish communities, link fish community ecology to general community ecology, and inform sustainable management of ecosystems.
8
KEDDY, PAUL A. "The Use of Functional as Opposed to Phylogenetic Systematics: A First Step in Predictive Community Ecology". W Biological Approaches and Evolutionary Trends in Plants, 387–406. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-402960-6.50027-5.
Pełny tekst źródła
9
Cadotte, Marc W., i T. Jonathan Davies. "Conclusion: Where To From Here?" W Phylogenies in Ecology. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157689.003.0010.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This book has explored the major methods and concepts in the field of ecophylogenetics. It has considered many of the common statistics and metrics used by ecologists when testing ecophylogenetic hypotheses at both small and large scales. The power of this approach is predicated on the assumption that phylogeny provides information on the evolutionary history of traits that cannot be inferred simply from community data. This concluding chapter reviews some of the advances that have been made in terms of predicting ecology from evolutionary patterns, combining trait and phylogenetic information, and developing a more predictive science of climate change and the biology of species invasions. It also discusses several possible trajectories for ecophylogenetic analyses in the future that will be important in moving the field forward. Finally, it looks at the benefits of a synthesis between ecology and evolution.
10
Sanchez-Herrera, Melissa, Yesenia M. Vega-Sánchez, Christopher Beatty i Manpreet Kohli. "Phylogeography". W Dragonflies and Damselflies, 309–26. Wyd. 2. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192898623.003.0022.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract This chapter examines the current state of phylogeographic research in the order Odonata and reviews empirical contributions at both a global scale and within the main biogeographical regions (Holarctic, Tropical, Indo–Malayan, Australasian, and Oceanic–Pacific). It highlights the fundamental processes responsible for the origin and maintenance of odonate biodiversity. In addition, it discusses the current opportunities and limitations of performing phylogeographic studies considering new advances in data acquisition (e.g. high throughput sequencing) and analytical approaches of key biological fields (e.g. landscape genetics, niche ecology modeling, phylogenetic community) to lay a foundation for future research. The last decade has been an exciting time in phylogeography, and much work remains to be done to understand the evolutionary history of odonate distributions.