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1

Justus, Martha. "An investigation into the level of intra-industry trade between Canada and the United States, 1968-80 /". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60653.

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Trade in similar products or intra-industry trade results from scale economies and consumer preferences, rather than from conventional forces of comparative advantage. This paper attempts to quantify the importance of intra-industry exchange between Canada and the United States. The analysis deals primarily with measurement, but an attempt to identify the determinants of the phenomenon is also made.
The results suggest that intra-industry trade represents a significant and increasing share of Canada's trade with the United States. Although part of this can be explained by idiosyncratic causes, the importance of two-way trade within manufacturing requires additional explanation.

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2

Freeman, Wilma M. Milton Pamela. "Electronic Commerce : case analyses and tools utilized in the accomplishment of buying Defense /". Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FFreeman.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Contract Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, Sept. 2004.
Thesis advisor(s): Marshall Engelbeck, E. Cory Yoder. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-61). Also available online.

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3

Ryan, Mary Catherine. "From Commerce to Controversy: The Career of William Lee, 1769-1778". W&M ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625362.

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Milton, Pamela, i Wilma M. Freeman. "Electronic Commerce : case analyses and tools utilized in the accomplishment of buying Defense". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1430.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
This study examines the significant issues relative to Ecommerce and how it has resulted in protests, disputes and litigations in the Federal acquisition process. How Ecommerce has evolved since the mandate in October 1993 by former President Clinton and in particularly how it relates to the Department of Defense Acquisition Workforce. It specifically addresses the traditional acquisition process versus the contemporary as it relates to Electronic Commerce and the tools utilized by the Acquisition Workforce to accomplish their buying activities.
Civilian, PEO Aviation
Civilian, US Army Aviation and Missile Command Acquisition Center

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5

Ou, Yu Ying. "Analysis of American protectionism policy towards China : from the perspective of interest group theory". Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2595103.

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6

Mayer, Michael Allan. "Canadian public opinion and free trade". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28161.

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This thesis begins with a review of the elite debate over free trade with the United States. It then uses a three-fold theoretical framework to formulate predictions of how mass opinion should line up. It then analyzes public opinion data on free trade through the use of crosstabulations. Using a theory of changing exposure to international trade upon domestic political cleavages formulated by Ronald Rogowski, it predicts that labour will oppose free trade because it is a scarce factor of production, and capital will support it because it is an abundant factor of production. It next uses work by, among others, W.A. Mackintosh to predict that respondents in the "industrial heartland" regions of Canada--Quebec and Ontario--will oppose free trade because it threatens to remove the protective tariff that rewards import replacement industries concentrated in those two regions. In contrast, residents of the "resource extracting and processing hinterland" regions—British Columbia, the Prairies and the Atlantic—will, on balance, support free trade because it promises to improve their export performance. The thesis then predicts that women and lower income Canadians will oppose free trade. Women because many of the services that they consume—health and day care, for example—will become more difficult to obtain under a free trade regime. Women will also oppose free trade because it may be threaten the service sector jobs that many women now hold. Lower income Canadians should oppose free trade because of the possible deleterious effects greater reliance on the market to allocate social services could have on poorer Canadians. Finally, the thesis predicts that better-educated Canadians will oppose free trade because it threatens one of the "core-values" of Canadian society: independence from the United States. Data analysis reveals, however, that opinion is remarkably balanced. For example, the difference between union and non-union respondents is only five percent. Regionally, the largest differences in support for free trade is between British Columbia and Ontario, but it amounts to little more than a twenty percent difference. Women are slightly more likely to oppose free trade than men; income appears to play little role in the formation of opinion on free trade. Last, differences in opinion between articulate and less well educated Canadians also appears to be insignificant.
Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate

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7

McKenzie, Francine. "The Commonwealth, the United States and international trade negotiations, 1942-1948". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360845.

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8

Clark, John H. Tucker Joshua L. "A strategic market analysis of the Open Market Corridor /". Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FClark.pdf.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.
"MBA professional report."--Cover. Thesis advisor(s): Ron Tudor, Rodney E. Tudor. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-53). Also available online.

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9

Savard, Marielle. "Impact of Canadian stabilization programs on pork exports to the United States". Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55675.

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10

Himango, Stephanie V. "The American Chamber of Commerce (Hong Kong) : an analysis of a dual purpose business and political organization /". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18061898.

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11

Romagosa, Christina M. Guyer Craig. "United States commerce in live vertebrates patterns and contribution to biological invasions and homogenization /". Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1711.

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12

Walter, Jason Michael. "Determinants of Bilateral Trade between the United States and Japan". Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29311.

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The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of macroeconomic policy variables on bilateral trade between the United States and Japan. An auto-regressive distributed lag model is developed to estimate the effects of government economic policies on four commodity groups: agriculture; materials and chemicals; machinery and transport equipment; and manufactured goods. Results indicate that monetary policy significantly affects U. S. and Japanese imports of manufactured goods and transport equipment. The results also show that changes in government expenditure have a significant long-run effect on U.S. imports of manufactured goods and Japanese imports of materials and chemicals, while the long-run effects of income and exchange rates are significant for most commodity groups.

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13

Seth, Gautam. "Ground realities of virtual business a look at India and the United States of America /". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2696.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 35 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-35).

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14

Addey, Kwame Asiam. "The Role of Trade Facilitation Indicators and Genetically Engineered Restrictive Index on U.S. State Exports and Efficiency". Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29005.

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Trade Facilitation Indicators have become important mechanisms of monitoring the ease of trade. Another issue of rising concern is the pervasive debate on genetically engineered organisms and the development of Genetically Engineered Restrictive Index to evaluate its implications on trade. With regards to these, the objective of the United States Trade Representative is to eliminate implicit trade barriers. Hence, this study examines the impact of TFIs on U.S. agricultural export and its efficiency. From the results, a 1% increase in destination?s Genetically Engineered Restrictive Index leads to a US$ 9,426.82 and US$ 74,268.04 decline in corn and soybean exports while wheat experiences a US$ 26,204.05 increase. The ?I-State? paradox was also revealed from the efficiency rankings. This research recommends that GE labelling policies should be synchronized to match the requirements of the destination countries. Furthermore, information on GE foods must be transparent and disseminated to change destinations? negative perception.

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15

Traylor, John Christopher 1960. "American business and United States foreign economic policy in East Asia, 1953-1960". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276538.

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The Eisenhower Administration sought to create a large role for U.S. multinational corporations, who could provide a significant amount of the capital needed for trade expansion and industrial growth. This policy became known as "trade not aid." The trade not aid policy reflected both the fiscal conservatism and ideological beliefs of the Eisenhower Administration. By 1957 Eisenhower shifted to a policy of trade and aid. This study examines three foreign economic policies in the context of American-East Asian relations. It focused primarily on Japan, since that country served as the center of the American regional "workshop economy" concept in Asia. Tracing the development of the trade/aid program, this thesis then compares and contrasts governmental policies with business activity and opinion during the 1950s. It concludes that the foreign economic policy of the Eisenhower Administration contained serious flaws, served the needs of only a few countries in the region, and was weighted heavily toward a military support role rather than economic development. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)

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16

Mehta, Gopika. "Development of an Intercultural Sensitizer for Cross-Cultural Training of American and Japanese Business Professionals". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278518/.

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Increasing globalization and transnational trends in business have resulted in greater contact with people from different cultures. However, in any cross-cultural encounter, miscommunication and misunderstandings are likely to occur. In a workplace setting, these can seriously undermine job performance and employee relations. The Intercultural Sensitizer is a cross-cultural training tool that is designed to increase the likelihood that trained individuals will make accurate interpretations concerning behavior observed in individuals from other cultural groups (Albert, 1983) . The purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) to identify cultural differences between Americans and Japanese that can lead to misunderstandings in the workplace and hinder communication, and (2) to construct an intercultural sensitizer that will enable the two cultural groups to interact more effectively with each other. The study's five-phase research design was based on Albert's (1983) delineation of the construction of an intercultural sensitizer. Twenty-four episodes were constructed and statistically analyzed to determine if there was a difference in the way the two cultural groups responded to a given situation. Nine episodes yielded critical values significant at the .05 level. The study concluded that there while there are differences in the cultural perspectives of American and Japanese business professionals, the two groups also share common cultural assumptions. The study's findings have numerous implications for cross-cultural corporate training and higher education.

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17

Rowe, Arthur T. "An analysis of electronic commerce acquisition systems : comparison of a new pure electronic purchasing and exchange system (electronic storefront) and other legacy on-line purchasing systems". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Dec%5FRowe.pdf.

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18

Mrazek, Monique Francine. "The impact of differing regulatory frameworks on post-patent pharmaceutical markets in the United Kingdom, United States and Germany 1990 to 1997". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391052.

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This thesis analysed the effects of different regulatory frameworks on the post-patent pharmaceutical markets of the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States between 1990 and 1997. Firstly, an extensive search of peer reviewed and 'grey' literature was undertaken to develop an understanding of both the pharmaceutical and wider health policy environments during the period of study. Preference was given to prospective before and after studies with and without control groups, retrospective studies with and without controls, and case studies that were reinforced by similar supporting case studies. A comparative policy analysis of the regulatory frameworks of the three countries linked the actual or expected outcomes to pharmaceutical policies promoting the demand and supply of generic drugs. Secondly, this thesis analysed the effects of the different regulatory frameworks the cost of off-patent medicines. Molecules were selected for the study if they had experienced patent expiration between 1990 and 1997, as well as having experienced entry by two or more generic equivalents over the same time period. Contingency tables were calculated for each pair of variables analysed. The associations between the variables were tested by chi-square and the strength of the relationships was measured by Ganmia. Trends in the pricing and volume of the branded original and generic equivalents were compared. A statistical model was developed as a framework to determine significant factors affecting the market share of the original branded drug after patent expiration. The statistical model was estimated both by ordinary least squares regression and by a fixed-effects estimation. Finally, conclusions were drawn from the comparative analysis of these different regulatory approaches and policy implications are discussed.

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19

Demirciftci, Tevfik. "An analysis of distribution channel parity and yield management practices in United States hotels". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 122 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1338892101&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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20

Wallace, Candice Y. "FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE: THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE IN THE UNITED STATES MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY". UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/35.

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This dissertation seeks to provide insight to how e-commerce adoption and utilization change the condition of U.S. Manufacturing establishments, by answering two interrelated questions: (1) What are the characteristics of manufacturing establishments that were early adopters of e-commerce activities?; (2) Once e-commerce is adopted, how has adoption affected employment within manufacturing establishments? The U.S. manufacturing industry was selected for analysis as manufacturing has been and continues to be an important sector for employment and the overall U.S. economy and has been the primary sector responsible for the majority of Business-to-Business e-commerce activity. Using two econometric models, seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) and three stage-least squares (3SLS), this dissertation confirms previous research pertaining to the characteristics of firms that were early adopters of e-commerce. However, this dissertation also provides insights for how manufacturing firms change after the implementation of e-commerce. Specifically, findings suggest that e-commerce adoption has a negative effect on manufacturing jobs between 1999 and 2005. Simultaneously, the loss in jobs does not translate into an increase in wages for those still employed. The findings of this dissertation also do not provide a positive outlook for a “spatially equitable landscape” to develop via the dissemination of e-commerce in the U.S. manufacturing industry. Rather, the results suggest that the application of e-commerce will continue to reinforce the geographical advantages of firms in urban areas verses those located in more rural areas.

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21

Salzmann, Walter Henri. "Bedrijfsleven, overheid en handelsbevordering : The Netherlands chamber of commerce in the United States, Inc. 1903-1987 /". [S.l. : s.n], 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40124527f.

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22

Neves, Carole M. P. "The Export Import Bank of the United States: decay or renewal?" Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76462.

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The Export-Import Bank of the U.S. (Eximbank) is a Federal government agency engaged in the financing of U.S. exports. It is entrusted with maintaining the competitiveness of U.S. exports in various key sectors of the economy. It is a product of F. D. Roosevelt's administration and recently celebrated its fiftieth birthday. Over the years, Eximbank's missions and activities have changed, both expanding and curtailing its responsibilities. The Bank's reputation in business and government circles has been and continues to be high; however, in recent years, the Bank has been subject to criticism by the Reagan administration which contends that the financial costs of the Bank outweigh its benefits. The Reagan Administration suggested reforms designed to limit the role of the Bank including elimination of the direct loan program. This thesis traces the development of Eximbank. It reviews literature on Eximbank. It sets forth the history of the Bank and discusses internal and external political and economic structures and processes. It explains some of the functional strengths and weaknesses that affect the Bank's behavior. It discusses four themes that have ordered the Bank's outlook, defined the Bank's priorities and influenced the Bank's performance: the organizational life cycle, the process of institutionalization, the public corporate orientation and the corporate characteristics; and the organizational-environmental adaptations. Finally, it reflects upon the Bank's ability to reformulate its activities and change its behavior for the politics and economics of the 1980s.
Ph. D.

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23

Zhang, Shu. "Chinese-Americans and the U.S.-China relations : the role of Chinese-Americans in U.S.-China relations". Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2554511.

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Smith, William Hoyt. "Trade in molluskan religiofauna between the southwestern United States and southern California /". view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3055713.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 391-421). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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25

Lapointe, Bernard. "The impact of Canada/U.S. free trade on the B.C. food processing and beverage sector". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27975.

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This research was undertaken to provide a quantitative assessment of the impact of a Canada/U.S. free trade agreement on six B.C. food and beverage processing industries. The objective was achieved by building a partial equilibrium model simulating changes in trade policy. The six industries were modelled as oligopolists in which the degree of oligopolistic behaviour and the industries' characteristics were captured through specified parameters. Following the abolition of trade barriers the model allowed the industries to rationalize, where necessary, and the highest-cost firms in an industry left for the benefit of lower-cost ones. The final effect is measured for each industry through changes in output, employment, trade volume and prices. As different policy scenarios have been simulated for each industry, the results obtained are quite diverse but they generally follow the a priori expectations. In open industries such as meat, fruit and vegetable and flour mixes, results, however differents for each scenario, tend to leave the industries in a better off or no worse off situation. For heavily protected industries like dairy and poultry, very sensitive to the elimination or not of the quota system, the range of possible results between the scenarios is pronounced. It was concluded that the final effect of the abolition of trade barriers on each industry cannot be assessed specifically but in rather general terms.
Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate

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26

Wu, Fang. "Bringing "E" to corporate America : the drivers of e-business adoption and its impact on firm performance". Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3037027.

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27

Maksad, Kurt. "The Toshiba-Kongsberg diversion : a case study in controlling west-to-east commerce and technology transfer". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29900.

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28

Jones, Carolyn G. "The Canada-U.S. free trade agreement and the auto pact : a history of the automotive provisions and an examination of the state of the Canadian automotive industry /". Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03042009-040353/.

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29

Hawks, Matthew Arthur. "Maintenance practices for emergency diesel generator engines onboard United States Navy Los Angeles class nuclear submarines". Thesis, (183 KB), 2006. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA471788.

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Thesis (Degrees of Naval Engineer and M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006.
"June 2006." Description based on title screen as viewed on June 1, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Maintenance, Diesel Engines, Nuclear Reactors, Generators, Nuclear Powered Submarines, Commerce, Emergencies, Submarines, Standby Generators, Backup Systems, Auxiliary Power Plants, Naval Vessels, Navy, Propulsion Systems, Electric Power, Supplies. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41). Also available in print.

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30

Larivee, David Rene. "The interaction between foreign direct investment and voluntary export restraints : with an application to the United States automobile industry". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333358.

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31

Terada, Takashi. "External US pressure on Japan's policy reform in the case of large-scale retail store law". Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/123186.

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The Structural Impediments Initiative (SII) talks held from September 1989 to July 1990 represented the first attempt by Japan and the United States to harmonise their domestic problems in international trade negotiations. These bilateral talks were also the first of their kind to delve into a comprehensive review of domestic laws and intrinsic business practices. In this sense, the SII talks may be seen as a preamble to mutual arrangements by domestic economies of their respective institutions and practices. This is likely to feature more prominently in the field of international relations, as seen recently in the European Community (EC) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). In this context, as the United States and Japan are the two largest and most technologically advanced economies in the world, accounting for more than 40 per cent of the world total gross national product, it is significant that they started harmonising their domestic rules through the SII talks, which are examined in this thesis.

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32

Chavis, James T. Cheatham James Gonzalez Vaughn Ibanez Rolando Nalwasky Richard Rios Martin Turner Marco A. "Examination of the Open Market Corridor /". Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FChavis%5FMBA.pdf.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.
"MBA professional report"--Cover. Joint authors: James Cheatham, Vaughn Gonzalez 2nd, Rolando Ibanez, Richard Nalwasky, Martin Rios, Marco A. Turner. Thesis advisor(s): Ron Tudor, Rod Tudor. Includes bibliographical references (p. 227-237). Also available online.

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33

Meyer, Christopher John. "Material use, product profile and channels of distribution in the U.S. wood furniture industry". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41695.

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U.S. manufacturers of wood household (SIC 2511), upholstered household (SIC 2512) and wood office furniture (SIC 2521) were surveyed to assess wood materials use within these three industry segments. The final sample frame contained 5,016 manufacturing locations. This investigation also provides a profile of the types of products produced and the channels of distribution used to move these products to the final consumer from a second sample of 347 manufacturers of wood household furniture. In 1989 the three industry segments surveyed consumed an estimated 2.3 billion board feet of hardwood lumber, 865 million board feet of softwood lumber, 1.3 billion square feet of particleboard (3/4" basis), and 370 million square feet of medium density fiberboard (3/4" basis). Further, an estimated 268 million square feet of softwood plywood (3/8" basis), 1025 million square feet of veneer and 310 million board feet of dimension stock were used in 1989 to produce wood furniture within the three industry segments examined. Within the second sample containing solely manufacturers of wood household furniture, solid hardwood furniture was most commonly produced. Over 50% of the responding companies manufactured bedroom, dining room and occasional furniture. Responses regarding the volumes of furniture shipped through channel intermediaries revealed over 60% of sales were through manufacturer’s representatives to retailers and wholesalers. Weighted by company sales, the largest volumes of wood household furniture were sold through free-standing furniture stores (28.9% of respondent’s sales) and manufacturer’s own stores (23.4%).
Master of Science

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34

Simard, Marie-Pierre. "Accord sur les aspects des droits de proprieté intellectuelle qui touchent au commerce : la licence obligatoire de câblodistribution canado-américaine y survivra-t-elle?" Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33368.

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In 1988, The Canada and the United States of America signed the Free-trade Agreement of North America. They wrote in a compulsory licence of cablodistribution: cablodistributors could, without consent, intercept the broadcasting waves but would also have to give them a financial compensation.
In 1995, the WTO2 elaborated the Trade related intellectual property agreement (TRIPS). The latter grants the broadcastors a right to authorize or to prevent the communication of their waves to the public.
Is the existence of the compulsory licence compromised by this agreement? We believe not. Indeed, justifications to the compulsory licence are found in the TRIPS: the general derogation of section 13 and the insertion of the Berne Convention through section 9 allow such licence. We also establish that the national treatment and the most-favoured nation clauses do not apply to the compulsory licence.
2World Trade Organization

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35

Watts, Gordon P. "Phantoms of Anglo-Confederate commerce : an historical and archaeological investigation of American civil war blockade running". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2891.

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During the American Civil War Wilmington, North Carolina and the Bermudian ports of St. Georges and Hamilton served as vital links in a complex trading network that developed to facilitate the exchange of southern agricultural products for war materials and civilian merchandise through a Union blockade of the Confederacy. Although that material contributed significantly to the Confederate war effort, Anglo-Confederate blockade running has received limited scholarly attention. Much of the associated literature is based on memoirs rather than scholarship and does not accurately, reflect that necessarily clandestine trade. The primary goal of this thesis is to produce a more comprehensive and detailed picture of blockade running, the cargoes carried through the Union blockade and the powerful steam vessels that made Anglo-Confederate commerce possible. Unlike previous treatments, this thesis combines the results of both archival and archaeological research. The results illustrate the evolution of strategies involved in both establishing and maintaining the blockade and those developed for running the blockade. Assessment of the vessel remains and historical data associated with the construction and procurement of steamers identifies the vessel types and confirms that blockade runners adapted extant technology. Contrary to the popularly held impression, no technological innovations were specifically developed to address the demands of the trade. The spatial distribution of wrecks and the minimal amount of cultural material surviving in association with them, provides strong evidence that cargoes were more valuable than the vessels. That premise influenced the strategy adopted by blockade runners. While Confederate salvors left little evidence of cargo, historical research revealed a wealth of new insight into the specific nature of that material. This new evidence provides a more accurate and detailed picture of Anglo- Confederate blockade running and the strategies, ships and cargoes that made blockade running between Wilmington and Bermuda a success.

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36

Emenyonu, Emmanuel Ndubuisi Okechukwu. "International accounting harmonisation in developed stock market countries an empirical comparative study of measurement and associated disclosure practices in France, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, and the United States of America /". Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1993. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/798/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 1993.
Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Law and Financial Studies, Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Glasgow, 1993. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

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37

Cam, Korhan. "Minimization of currency risk exposures by developing foreign currency trading strategies for a multinational United States company". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2601.

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This paper presents a case study of developing foreign currency trading strategies for trading operations for a multi-million dollar company that sells analytical products and services to European countries. The analysis provides a general framework for managing currency risk exposures for U.S. Multinational companies.

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38

Saguier, Marcelo I. "Challenges and opportunities in the construction of alternatives to neoliberalism : the Hemispheric Social Alliance and the Free Trade Area of the Americas process". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2006. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1181/.

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The Hemispheric Social Alliance (HSA) emerged in 1997 in reaction to the advance of a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) neo-liberal agenda. As a transnational coalition integrated by trade union organisations, social movements and NGOs from all over the continent, the HSA denounced the detrimental social, economic and environmental consequences of the FTAA project on the most vulnerable sectors of the populations of the Americas. This thesis examines the role of the HSA in the construction of counter-hegemonic alternativest o the FTAA project. The analysis encompassesth e time period that starts with the formation of the HSA in 1997 until the halting of the FTAA process in 2005 and draws on the political process approach of social movement theory - particularly on its notion of political opportunity structures as factors conditioning the capacity of social movements to access and control political resources for the advancement of collectively defined political goals. It is argued that the actions pursued by the HSA to construct an alternative to the FTAA have led to moderate, albeit significant, results. Considerable progress was achieved in fostering a political climate of distrust and opposition to neoliberalism throughout the Americas, which contributed to the stalling of the FTAA process in 2005. In spite of this, the HSA continues to face the challenge of building political alternatives that reflect and expand a commitment to deeper forms of democracy and sustainable development in the region.

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BERGMANN, WILLIAM H. "COMMERCE AND ARMS: THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, NATIVE AMERICANS, AND THE ECONOMY OF THE OLD NORTHWEST, 1783-1807". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1111608712.

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Scull, William Lloyd. "The United States, the Federal republic of Germany and West-East advanced technology transfer : the limitations of strategic embargoes in the post W. W. II-era /". Genève : W. L. Scull, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35048790j.

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Wu, Xian Ce. "A study of some Chinese e-commerce models". Thesis, University of Macau, 2000. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636672.

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Hsu, Shu-Fen Ida. "The impact of E-commerce on direct selling companies". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3030.

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Gajaseni, Preenida. "Disintermediation in the United States air travel industry who hold the power of booking strength". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2913.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation of U.S. domestic air travelers and patterns of air travel purchase within the U.S. air travel industry. Influences on the patterns of air travel purchase involved 1) demographic characteristics of travelers 2) benefits to the customer 3) customer attitude toward service providers' (defined as airlines, web-based travel agents, and traditional travel agents and 4) information sources used to select and book a flight for business and leisure trips.

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44

Stevens, Holly Nicole. ""I Will Commence with My News": Elite Youth Culture and Communities of Knowledge in Early Nineteenth Century Williamsburg". W&M ScholarWorks, 2012. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626690.

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45

Ramaswamy, Muruga Perumal. "Combating challenges in E-business: scope and limitations of international law and national legal measures in USA and China and therole of Hong Kong as a hub". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43877655.

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46

Wang, Chengfeng. "A study of geographical characterization of ship traffic and emissions and cost-effectiveness of reducing sulfur emissions from foreign waterborne commerce for the United States west coast". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 8.13 Mb., 179 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3205436.

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Planting, Ronald James. "Petroleum futures trading and price volatility". Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91138.

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This study investigates the effects of futures trading on petroleum price variability. Though a number of critics from various quarters claim futures markets have made petroleum prices more volatile, economic reasoning does not support this viewpoint. A review of theoretical studies and empirical investigations of other commodities shows general support for the hypothesis that futures markets do not destabilize prices and may, in fact, add to price stability. In this study, regression analysis is used to explain the price variability of heating oil and gasoline in terms of factors that may affect this variability, including the existence of futures markets. Though the empirical tests performed are biased towards finding destabilizing effects of futures markets, no statistically significant increase in price volatility is found, and in the case of gasoline, indications of stabilizing effects are found. Thus, neither the results of other studies of futures markets nor examination of petroleum futures trading support the critics' contention that futures trading has destabilized petroleum prices.
M.A.

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48

Woll, Cornelia. "The politics of trade preferences : business lobbying on service trade in the United States and the European Union". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0027.

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La littérature sur la politique de libéralisation internationale présuppose généralement que les entreprises dominantes sur leurs marchés domestiques s'opposent à l'ouverture aux concurrents étrangers. Ceci devrait être particulièrement vrai pour les marchés de services de réseaux, qui étaient traditionnellement gérés par des monopoles, souvent publics. Or les entreprises dominantes, s'opposent-elles vraiment à la libéralisation de leurs marchés domestiques ? Cette thèse examine le lobbying des entreprises dominantes à l'égard de la libéralisation internationale de leurs secteurs dans le domaine des services de télécommunications et de transport aérien et s'intéressant à deux pays, les Etats-Unis et l'Union européenne. Nous démontrons que ces entreprises se sont en fait exprimées en faveur de la libéralisation, à l'exception des compagnies aériennes américaines. Afin de comprendre ce soutien, nous nous interrogeons sur le poids de quatre variables qui peuvent déterminer les préférences politiques : (1) les incitations économiques, (2) les traditions réglementaires au niveau domestique, (3) le régime international qui gouverne le secteur et (4) le processus politique auquel participent les entreprises. Nous observons que les incitations économiques jouent un rôle important, mais nous soulignons également les effets du processus politique sur la formation des préférences. En particulier, nous montrons que le système à plusieurs niveaux de l'UE encourage un lobbying en faveur de la libéralisation alors que le processus américain permet des demandes politiques plus variables.

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Cheifetz, Aaron A. "The effect of acquisition reform on small business participation in the Federal marketplace". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1693.

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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
This thesis investigates the effect that acquisition reform has had on small business participation in the Federal contracting arena. As a result of the transformation of the Federal acquisition process through acquisition reform legislation and the reduction in the acquisition workforce, small business contractors are faced with new challenges to compete for and win Federal contracts. This paper concentrates on examining contract bundling, reverse auctions, electronic commerce and multiple award schedules. It concludes that contract bundling has had a negative effect on small businesses by excluding them from many competitions. It also finds that electronic commerce has had a positive effect on small businesses by giving them greater access to Federal contract opportunities and by speeding up the acquisition process. Regarding multiple award schedules, the research supports benefits for small businesses when they are given the chance to compete through multiple award schedules. It also finds negative implications for small businesses in that multiple award schedules often favor large established businesses at the expense of small businesses. The paper finds a lack of awareness on the part of small business concerning reverse auctions and finds no major impact on small businesses resulting from reverse auctions.
Civilian, Department of the Army PEO-EIS

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50

Lalanne, Stéphane. "Aspects juridiques du commerce international des propriétés intellectuelles à l’aube du XXIème siècle". Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100120.

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Souvent perçue comme un droit d’exclure, la propriété intellectuelle est aussi un objet de commerce. Son importance croissante dans les échanges internationaux semble sous estimée. Des blocages conceptuels (matérialisme économique, idéalisme personnaliste) semblen s’opposer à son organisation. Néanmoins de plus en plus de standards et disciplines relatives aux licences et transferts de droits de propriété intellectuelles sont inclus dans les accords de commerce (ADPIC, ADPIC plus), les unions économiques régionales (UE, ALENA), accords d’investissement et fiscaux. Les pays dévelopés en particulier les États-Unis d’Amérique sont les acteurs clés de ce phénomène normatif. Il montre que la propriété intellectuelle n’est pas une simple marchandise mais un bien en capital d’abord échangeable à l’intérieur de groupes, partenariats et coopérations alternatives. Même si le droit international évoluait vers un régime plus codifié de leur commerce, les propriétés intellectuelles ne seront pas tranformées en simple droit à rémunération
Sometimes reduced to a right to exclude, intellectual property is also a tradeable item whose increasing importance in international trade seems to be underestimed. Dogmatic conceptions (economic materialism, personnalist idealism) still blocking a proper organisation of this trade. But more and more international standards and disciplines for licences and transfer of intellectual property are included in international trade agreements (TRIPS, TRIPS plus), economic régional unions (UE, NAFTA), tax and investment treaties. Developped countries specially the United States of America are key actors of this normative phenomenon. It shows that intellectual property is not just a stock commodity for the market but a strategic capital tradeable first in transnational groups, partnerships and alternative cooperations. Even if international law evolves towards a more codified regime of their trade, intellectual properties will be not transformed in simple rights for compensation

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