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Sadik, Amin, i not supplied. "Signal Processing Using Short Word-Length". RMIT University. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070523.163613.
Pełny tekst źródłaSilva, Claudio Fernandes Castanheira. "Dense WDM channel synthesis using optical frequency comb generation and locked laser filtering techniques". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399710.
Pełny tekst źródłaEdlund, Adam. "Implementation of continuous filtering frequency comb Vernier spectroscopy for continuous acquisition of spectra in a flame". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-142426.
Pełny tekst źródłaVlček, Lukáš. "Směrování ve vysokorychlostních počítačových sítích". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220187.
Pełny tekst źródłaFioravanti, André Ricardo 1982. "Filtragem de sistemas discretos com parametros sujeitos a saltos markovianos". [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259355.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Esta dissertação tem par principal objetivo o estudo do problema de projeto de filtros H2 e Hoo de sistemas lineares discretos com parâmetros sujeitos a saltos markovianos. Inicialmente, sob a hipótese de que o parâmetro da cadeia de Markov é mensurável, fornecemos a caracterização de todos os filtros tais que o erro de estimação é limitado por uma norma, produzindo a solução completa do problema de projeto dependente do modo da cadeia. Baseado neste resultado, consideramos o projeto do filtro robusto capaz de lidar com incertezas paramétricas. Em seguida, propomos um procedimento de projeto de filtros sem o conhecimento da cadeia. Todos os problemas de filtragem são expressos em termos de desigualdades matriciais lineares. Os resultados teóricos são ilustrados através de uma aplicação prática que consiste na comunicação de dados através de um canal markoviano
Abstract: This thesis addresses the H2 and Hoo filtering design problem of discrete-time Markov jump linear systems. First, under the assumption that the Markov parameter is measurable, we provide the characterization of all filters such that the estimation errar remains bounded by a given narm leveI, yielding the complete solution of the mode-dependent filtering design problem. Based on this result, a robust filter design to deal with convex bounded parameter uncertainty is considered. In the sequeI, a design procedure for modeindependent filtering design is proposed. All filters are designed by solving linear matrix inequalities. The theory is illustrated by means of a practical example, consisting the data communication through a markovian channel
Mestrado
Automação
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
Sánchez, Delgado Albert Miquel. "Electric-Device Characterization for Interference Prediction and Mitigation by an Optimal Filtering Design". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9144.
Pełny tekst źródła- Nous sistemes de mesura i caracterització per modelar completament el comportament dels filtres de xarxa, xarxa elèctrica i dispositius elèctrics. Amb aquesta finalitat, s'introdueix una nova metodologia de caracterització: la caracterització modal, que confina el mode comú i el mode diferencial en ports diferents, proporcionant així informació sobre la propagació de la interferència modal. Aquesta informació pot ser d'utilitat a l'hora de seleccionar el filtre de xarxa adient.
- Una nova metodologia per a predir amb exactitud el nivell de les emissions conduïdes que un dispositiu elèctric introdueix a la xarxa elèctrica a través del filtre de xarxa. Aquesta metodologia està basada en les metodologies de caracterització presentades anteriorment. Caracteritzacions acurades permetran obtenir prediccions similars a les emissions conduïdes reals, evitant així llargues sessions de mesura.
- Noves metodologies de disseny de filtres de xarxa per aconseguir implementacions òptimes i de baix cost. En una primera proposta, els components dels filtres de xarxa (condensadors i xocs) es caracteritzen modalment per trobar la combinació que obté el filtratge desitjat amb el mínim nombre de components. Aquesta metodologia és millorada posteriorment utilitzant filtres de xarxa asimètrics, obtenint així un filtratge òptim del mode comú i del mode diferencial.
Tots els sistemes de mesura, així com les metodologies de caracterització, predicció i disseny, han estat provats amb èxit sobre equips reals.
Las interferencias de modo común y diferencial que se propagan en un cable de la red eléctrica monofásica se acostumbran a suprimir utilizando los filtros de red. Esta clase de filtros están formatos por choques de modo común, condensadores X y condensadores Y para mitigar tanto el modo común como el modo diferencial. Aún así, las metodologías actuales de diseño de filtros de red presentan algunos inconvenientes: los filtros se diseñan para trabajar en un entorno ideal con impedancias de 50 Ω y las atenuaciones del modo común y del modo diferencial se analizan de manera independiente, sin considerar la conversión modal que se producen en las asimetrías presentes en la red eléctrica, en el dispositivo eléctrico o en el mismo filtro de red. Estos hechos implican que las predicciones del comportamiento del filtro sean inexactas y, consecuentemente, el filtro más adecuado en una situación particular se acaba escogiendo mayoritariamente mediante la prueba y error en largas y costosas sesiones de medida. Para mejorar esta situación, este trabajo presenta:
- Nuevos sistemas de medida y caracterización para modelar completamente el comportamiento de los filtros de red, red eléctrica y dispositivos eléctricos. Con este objetivo, se introduce una nueva metodología de caracterización: la caracterización modal, que confina el modo común y el modo diferencial en puertos diferentes, proporcionando así información sobre la propagación de la interferencia modal. Esta información puede ser de utilidad a la hora de seleccionar el filtro de red adecuado.
- Una nueva metodología para predecir con exactitud el nivel de las emisiones conducidas que un dispositivo eléctrico introduce en la red eléctrica a través del filtro de red. Esta metodología está basada en las metodologías de caracterización presentadas anteriormente. Caracterizaciones precisas permitirán obtener predicciones similares a las emisiones conducidas reales, evitando así largas sesiones de medida.
- Nuevas metodologías de diseño de filtros de red para conseguir implementaciones óptimas y de bajo coste. En una primera propuesta, los componentes de los filtros de red (condensadores y choques) se caracterizan modalmente para encontrar la combinación que obtiene el filtraje deseado con el mínimo número de componentes. Esta metodología es mejorada posteriormente utilizando filtros de red asimétricos, obteniendo así un filtraje óptimo del modo común y del modo diferencial.
Todos los sistemas de medida, así como las metodologías de caracterización, predicción y diseño, han sido probados con éxito sobre equipos reales.
The common mode and differential mode interference propagated through the single-phase power-line cable is usually suppressed with power-line filters. This kind of filters is composed by common-mode chokes, X capacitors and Y capacitors to mitigate both the common mode and the differential mode. However, the present-day power-line filter design methodologies present some disadvantages: they are designed to be placed in an ideal 50-Ω system and the common mode and differential mode attenuations are analyzed independently, without considering the mode conversion that can be produced by asymmetries in the power-line filter, in the power-line network or in the electric device. These facts lead to inaccurate predictions of the power-line filter behavior and, consequently, the suitable filter is usually selected by trial and error in long and expensive measurement sessions. In order to improve this situation, this work presents:
- New measurement systems and characterization methodologies to completely model the behavior of power-line filters, power-line networks and electric devices. To this end, a new characterization methodology is presented: the modal characterization, which confines the common mode and the differential mode into a different port and provides the information about the propagation of the modal interference, information that can be useful to select the suitable filter for its mitigation.
- A new methodology to accurately predict the level of conducted emissions that an electric device supplies to the power-line network through its power-line filter, based on the measurement systems and characterization methodologies presented before. Accurate characterizations will allow predictions similar to the actual conducted emissions, avoiding long measurement sessions.
- New design methodologies of power-line filters to achieve optimal and low cost implementations. In a first proposal, the components of the power-line filters are modally characterized to find, by computation, the combination that gets the desired filtering response with the minimum number of components. This methodology is further improved by using asymmetric power-line filters, obtaining an optimal mitigation of the common and differential mode.
All measurement systems, as well as characterization, prediction and designing methodologies, have been successfully tested on actual devices.
Furuie, Sérgio Shiguemi. "Reconstrução tomográfica de imagens com rudo poisson: estimativa das projeções´". Universidade de São Paulo, 1990. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-14122017-111814/.
Pełny tekst źródłaTomographic reconstruction of images with Poisson noise is in important problem in nuclear medicine. The need for more complete information, like the reconstruction of several sections of an organ, and the necessity to reduce patient absorbed radioactivity, suggest better methods to reconstruct images with low-count and low signal-to-noise ratio. Statistical approaches using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm lead to better results than classical methods, since ML-EM considers in its model the stochastic nature of the noise. This thesis presents an alternative solution, also using a Poisson noise model, that produces similar results as compared to ML-EM, but with much less computational cost. The proposed technique basically consists of projection estimation before reconstruction, taking into account a model for the formation of the noisy projections. Several optimal and Bayesian estimators are analysed. It is shown that the transformation of Poisson noise into Gaussian additive and independent noise (Anscombe Transformation), followed by estimation, yields good results. If the projection can be assumed as Radon transform of the image to be reconstructed, then it is possible to reconstruct using one of the transform methods. Among these methods, the Direct Fourier Method was analysed in detail, due to its applicability for fast reconstruction using array processors and parallel processing. Computer simulations were used in order to access this proposed technique. Phantoms and phantom projections with Poisson noise were generated. The results were compared with traditional methods like Filtering-Backprojection, Algebraic Rconstruction Technique (ART) and ML-EM. Specifically, the Anscombe transformation together with a heuristic estimator (Maeda\'s filter) produced results comparable to ML-EM, but spending only a fraction of the processing time.
Isaia, Filho Eduardo. "Uma metodologia para computação com DNA". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16662.
Pełny tekst źródłaDNA computing is a field of Bioinformatics that, through the manipulation of DNA sequences, looks for the solution of problems. In 1994 the mathematician Leonard Adleman, using biological operations and DNA sequences manipulation, solved an instance of a problem considered as intractable by the conventional computation, thus establishing the beginning of the DNA computing. Since then, a series of combinatorial problems were solved through this model of programming. This work studies the DNA computing, aiming to present some basic guide lines for those people interested in this field. Advantages and disadvantages of the DNA computing are contrasted and some methods of programming found in literature are presented. Amongst the studied methods, the filtering method appears to be the most promising and for this reason it was chosen to establish a programming methodology. To illustrate the sequential filtering method, some examples of problems solved by this method are shown.
Burt, Phillip Mark Seymour. "Um estudo sobre filtros IIR adaptativos com aplicação a uma estrutura polifásica". Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-14122017-134500/.
Pełny tekst źródłaA study on IRR adaptive filters and polyphase structure for IIR adaptive filtering are presented. In exchange for an increase in computational complexity, which is small if compared to Newton algorithms, the polyphaser structure may exhibit a better performance than direct structures. An analysis of the effects of the proximity to the unit circle of the modelled system\'s poles is presented. One of the considered points is the limiting behavior of the condition of the state matrix related to the adaptive algorithm. Commonly used constant gain algorithms are considered. The method of analysis is specially usefull for verifying the effects of the position of the system\'s poles and also for introducing certain restrictions to the system, as fixed L2 norm and all-pass frequency response. An interesting result is that, among the situations that were tested, the only one in which the condition of the aforementioned matrix does not tend to infinity as the poles of the modelled system H(z) tend to the unit circle is when H)z) is all-pass and the PLR algorithm is employed. The error surface and the reduced error surface for IIR adaptive filters are also analyzed. It is shown that the modelled system has poles close to the unit circle the reduced error surface presents flat regions with high mean square error. The presence of these flat regions results in low global convergence speed for constant gain adaptive algorithms. Based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the modelled system\'s Hankel form, a decomposition of the reduced error surface is also presented. In it there exists a partial separation of the effects of the system and the adaptive filter\'s structure. A polyphaser structure for IIR adaptive filtering is presented and its performance is compared to the performance of the direct structure. The gain in local convergence and global convergencespeed, as well as the better behavior of the reduced error surface which may be attained , are shown. It is demonstrated, for the polyphaser structure, that, with while input and sufficient modelling, all the stationary points of the error surface are global minima. This result does not follow directly from similar well known results for the direct structure. Simulation results for the considered algorithms are also presented.
Filho, Antonio Carlos da Silva Senra. "Filtro de difusão anisotrópica anômala como método de melhoramento de imagens de ressonância magnética nuclear ponderada em difusão". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-20082013-161108/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSmoothing methods through diffusion processes is often used as a preliminary step in different procedures in images. Although the anomalous diffusion is a known physical process, it is not applied to image smoothing as the classical diffusion. This paper proposes and describes implementation and evaluation of anomalous diffusion filters, both isotropic and anisotropic, as a method of improving on diffusion-weighted images (DWI) and diffusion tensor images (DTI) within the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Hereby is proposed to generalize the isotropic and anisotropic diffusion with the concept of anomalous diffusion in image processing. The methodology is implemented computationally as bidimensional diffusion equations and applied to MRI images to evaluate its potential as a filter for quality improvement. We used DTI and DWI imaging to acquire from healthy volunteers as image set. The results of this study verified that methods based on anomalous diffusion improved DWI and DTI image processing when observed quality measures such as signal to noise ratio (SNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM), and determined filter optimal parameters for different images and situations evaluated in terms of their control parameters, particularly the anomalous parameter, called q. The results presented here can predict not only an improvement in the quality of DWI and DTI images resulting from the proposed method, and additionally the possible reduction of repetitions following acquisition of MRI for a predetermined SNR.
Pereira, Dante Victor Shimoda. "Estudo teÃrico: UPQC-UPS monofÃsica com possibilidade de filtragem ativa utilizando a teoria p-q". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10363.
Pełny tekst źródłaEste trabalho propÃe o projeto de uma UPQC-UPS monofÃsica de 1,4 kVA e alta eficiÃncia com capacidade de filtragem ativa atravÃs de dois conversores conectados em sÃrie e em paralelo. Com esta topologia, à possÃvel obter uma elevada eficiÃncia e combinar as vantagens dos tipos de UPS on-line e line-interactive, melhorando, ao mesmo tempo, a qualidade de energia da rede e protegendo as cargas de harmÃnicos e oscilaÃÃes de tensÃo. As referÃncias de compensaÃÃo dos conversores sÃrie e paralelo sÃo gerados utilizando a Teoria p-q, que propÃem um conjunto de definiÃÃes para lidar com sistemas elÃtricos sob condiÃÃes nÃo-senoidais. De acordo com os resultados de simulaÃÃo, foi comprovado que, quando os conversores sÃrie e paralelo estÃo em funcionamento, a corrente de entrada do sistema possui baixa taxa de distorÃÃo harmÃnica (TDHi) e o sistema apresenta um fator de potÃncia elevado, mesmo para cargas nÃo-lineares. AlÃm disso, à fornecida à carga uma tensÃo senoidal com baixa taxa de distorÃÃo harmÃnica (TDHv) e com valor eficaz fixo mesmo com oscilaÃÃes na tensÃo de entrada, tanto no modo rede como no modo bateria. SimulaÃÃes foram desenvolvidas no software PSCAD/EMTDC.
This work proposes the design of an UPQC-UPS high efficiency single phase 1.4 kVA with active filter capabilities throughout the parallel and series converters. With this topology, it is possible to obtain high efficiency and combine the advantages of both on-line and line interactive UPS systems improving, at the same time, the grid energy quality. The series/parallel compensation references were generated using the p-q Theory which defines a joint of power definitions to deal with electric systems under non-sinusoidal conditions. According to the simulation results, it was shown that the system input current has a low total harmonic distortion (THDi) and it presents high power factor. Also, the load voltage has a sinusoidal shape with low total harmonic distortion (THDv), both in its grid and battery mode operation. Such simulations were developed in the software PSCAD/EMTDC.
Nahuz, Charles Silva. "Algoritmo adaptativo tipo-LMS com soma do erro". Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1690.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
In this paper, implemented a new lter similar to the LMS, but, with a coast function based in the sum of the error. As a result, we obtain a very simple function, producing a rapid convergence and a small mismatch when compared with the LMS algorithm and other algorithms. The adaptive lter is based on non-linear functions such as estimation of the gradient of a surface performance. We use the gradient algorithm to update the weights. this update is based on high-order statistics to obtain information about the signs involved in the process, in order to improve the performace of the adaptive lter. Derive the equations based on Taylor series of non-linear functions, to achieve the criteria that ensures their convergence. We also do a weight vector covariance study in steady state and determine the equations that calculate the time constants in an adaptive process. Here the algorithm proposed, which uses a cost function and were made simulacoes Monte Carlo with real signals to validate the theory presented. In this role the α coefficients have been optimized to provide increased stability and better performance in its convergence speed.
Neste trabalho, implementamos um novo filtro semelhante ao LMS, porém, com uma função de custo baseada na soma do erro. Como resultado, obtemos uma função bastante simples, produzindo uma rápida convergência e um pequeno desajuste quando comparado com o algoritmo LMS e com outros algoritmos. O filtro adaptativo é baseado em funções não lineares como estimativa do gradiente de uma superfície de desempenho. Utilizamos o gradiente do algoritmo para atualização dos pesos. Essa atualização baseia-se nas estatísticas de alta ordem para obtenção de informações sobre os sinais envolvidos no processo, com o objetivo de melhorar a performance do filtro adaptativo. As equações foram derivadas e baseadas em séries de Taylor das funções não lineares, para obtenção dos critérios que garante a sua convergência. Também fazemos um estudo da covariância do vetor peso em regime estacionário e determinamos as equações que calculam as constantes de tempo em um processo adaptativo. Apresentamos o algoritmo proposto, que utiliza uma função de custo onde foram feitas simulações de Monte Carlo com sinais reais para validar a teoria apresentada. Nessa função os coe cientes αk foram otimizados para dar maior estabilidade e melhor desempenho na sua velocidade de convergência.
Guedes, Ricardo Augusto Paletta. "A esclerectomia profunda não penetrante como forma de prevenção secundária da cegueira pelo glaucoma e seu impacto na saúde coletiva: um estudo de custo-efetividade". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2008. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2864.
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O glaucoma é considerado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como a principal causa de cegueira irreversível no Brasil e no mundo. A forma mais comum, o glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto, tem bases genéticas, portanto sua prevenção primária ainda é inviável do ponto de vista prático. As principais ações para evitar a progressão para cegueira estão voltadas para sua prevenção secundária (diagnóstico precoce e tratamento eficaz). O principal fator de risco para a progressão da doença é a hipertensão ocular. Nos pacientes glaucomatosos, a pressão intra-ocular (PIO) se eleva por uma obstrução parcial e gradativa da via de escoamento do humor aquoso no olho, chamada trabeculado. O tratamento do glaucoma pode ser realizado através de colírios, laser ou cirurgia. Dentre as diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas, a esclerectomia profunda não penetrante (EPNP) aparece como alternativa à clássica trabeculectomia, tendo como objetivos o controle da PIO e a redução das complicações intra e pós-operatórias presentes na trabeculectomia. O envelhecimento da população mundial requer uma alocação custo-efetiva de recursos no tratamento e no controle do glaucoma. Com a previsão do aumento da incidência e da prevalência do glaucoma no futuro, o impacto econômico aumentará significativamente. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o impacto da EPNP na saúde coletiva como forma de prevenção da cegueira pelo glaucoma, através da análise de seus resultados (efetividade e complicações) e através do cálculo da relação de custo-efetividade para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em uma série de 228 casos operados, com 5 anos de acompanhamento. Comparou-se o resultado com a relação custo-efetividade dos análogos de prostaglandinas (isoladamente e em associação com o Timolol ou com o Cosopt). A EPNP apresentou taxas de sucesso comparáveis às encontradas na literatura (68,42% para PIO < 18 mmHg sem medicação) com poucas complicações intra e pós-operatórias. A complicação mais freqüente foi a fibrose da bolha de filtração, ocorrida em 20,6% dos casos, comparável a estudos prévios. O custo para se obter uma redução de 1% da PIO ao final de 5 anos foi R$ 28,54 para a EPNP. O mesmo custo para os medicamentos variou de R$ 58,65 até R$ 129,85. A economia para o sistema de saúde pode chegar a até 78,02%. As repercussões, em termos de saúde pública, dos resultados obtidos são discutidas e analisadas.
Glaucoma is the main cause of irreversible blindness in the world and in Brazil. The most common type, primary open-angle glaucoma, has genetic basis, therefore primary prevention (avoiding occurrence of the disease) is very difficult to perform. Main actions to prevent glaucoma blindness are targeted to secondary prevention (early diagnosis and effective treatment). The most important risk factor for glaucoma is ocular hypertension. In glaucomatous patients, intra-ocular pressure (IOP) becomes elevated as aqueous humor outflow pathways (trabecular meshwork) is progressively and partially obstructed. Glaucoma treatment involves medications, laser or surgery. Among different surgical techniques, non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) appears as a viable alternative to classical trabeculectomy. Its purposes are: controlling IOP and improving safety by reducing intra and post-operative complications. As world population grows and becomes older, both incidence and prevalence of glaucoma are expected to be higher in the future. Hence there is an urgent need for a cost-effective resource allocation in order to reducing its economic impact. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of NPDS in public health in Brazil, as a secondary prevention tool, through an analysis of its results (effectiveness and complications) and through the calculation of cost-effectiveness relationship in a consecutive retrospective case series of 228 operated eyes in a 5-year follow-up period. This result was compared to the cost-effectiveness of medical therapy using prostaglandin analogues alone or in combination with Timolol 0.5% or Cosopt. NPDS presented success rates compared to those found in literature (68.42% for IOP < 18 mmHg without medication) with few complications. Most frequent complication was fibrosis of the filtering bleb (20.6%), which was comparable to previous studies. Cost to reduce the IOP in 1% in 5 years was R$ 28.54 for NPDS. The same cost for medications varied from R$ 58.65 to R$ 129.85. NPDS can provide to the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) an economy up to 78.02 % when compared to medications in 5 years. The impacts of these results are analyzed and discussed.
U, Seng-Pan. "Tecnicas de interpolacao em filtros multiritmo com condensadores comutados para Interfaces Analogicas com filtragem de alta-frequencia = Multirate Switched-Capacitor interpolation techniques for very high-frequency Analog Front-End filtering". Thesis, University of Macau, 2002. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1873496.
Pełny tekst źródłaRamos, Jonathan da Silva. "Algoritmos de casamento de imagens com filtragem adaptativa de outliers". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-02022017-110428/.
Pełny tekst źródłaImage matching plays a major role in many applications, such as pattern recognition and microscopic imaging. It encompasses three steps: 1) interest point selection; 2) feature extraction from each point; 3) feature point matching. For steps 1 and 2, traditional interest point detectors/ extractors have worked well. However, for step 3 even a few points incorrectly matched (outliers), might lead to an undesirable result. State-of-the-art consensus algorithms present a high time cost as the number of outlier increases. Aiming at overcoming this problem, we present FOMP, a preprocessing approach, that reduces the number of outliers in the initial set of matched points. FOMP filters out the vertices that present a higher difference among their edges in a complete graph representation of the points. To validate the proposed method, experiments were performed with four image database: (a) variations of rotation or camera zoom; (b) repetitive patterns, which leads to duplicity of features vectors; (c) deformable objects, such as plastics, clothes or papers; (d) affine transformations (different viewpoint). The experimental results showed that FOMP removes more than 65% of the outliers, while keeping over 98% of the inliers. Moreover, the precision of traditional methods is kept, while reducing the processing time of graph based approaches by half.
Aita, Andre Luiz. "Estudo de um transceptor com cancelamento de eco e projeto da arquitetura de um cancelador integrado". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25623.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work has two main goals. The first one is the study of a transceiver equipment to allow two-wire duplex data digital transmission over the existing telephonic network. An initial study of the subscriber line and of the main duplex transmission methods is done. The echo cancellation method is suggested since higher performance transceiver may be obtained. The structure of the transceiver is considered and defined. Besides the echo canceller, all the others circuits deemed important by the author are analysed. The second goal comprehends the study of an architecture capable of implementing the transceiver echo canceller, and its specification and simulation. Initially, gearing to the equipment proposal, the type of cancellers, ways of cancelling and other related characteristics are approached. The algorithm used for the adaptation of coefficients is exposed and validated through simulations. The problems due to the use of finite word length in digital systems are considered. The cancelling operation procedures are specified and the different tasks are distributed. Finally, at the end of this work, the data path, composed of two processors, of a register bank and of an I/O interface, is proposed. The architecture is described in the HDC hardware description language, and later it is simulated for validation of the proposed functions. The control path, partially described in HDC also, has some of its characteristics addressed.
Korogui, Rubens Hideo. "Filtragem robusta, modelos com atraso e certificação de desempenho : aplicação em sistemas eletricos". [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260897.
Pełny tekst źródłaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Uma das temáticas abordadas neste trabalho é o problema de filtragem robusta em norma H2 para sistemas lineares a tempo contínuo e a tempo discreto. Consideramos que os sistemas estão sujeitos a incertezas paramétricas inicialmente do tipo politópicas e, em seguida, do tipo que admite representação linear fracionária. Calculamos limitantes inferior e superior para a norma H2 do erro de estimação, resolvendo-se problemas minimax, escrevendo-os em formato de desigualdades matriciais lineares LMI. Dessa maneira calculamos um intervalo de otimalidade que permite certificar o desempenho do filtro robusto projetado. Em seguida, aplicamos a metodologia proposta em problemas de estimação envolvendo um motor de indução trifásico e uma linha de transmissão com derivação. O presente trabalho também apresenta o que chamamos de sistema linear de comparação, cuja proposta é servir como alternativa para estudar sistemas com atraso. Utilizando a substituição de Rekasius construímos um sistema linear invariante no tempo que permite obter informações sobre a estabilidade e o cálculo de norma H8 para sistemas desta classe. Em vista da formulação através de matrizes de representação de estado é possível estender sem maiores dificuldades os resultados para o projeto de controladores via realimentação de estado e de filtros para sistemas com atraso.
Abstract: One of the themes considered in this work is the robust H2 filtering design problem for linear time invariant continuous and discrete time systems. We assume that the systems are subject to parametric uncertainty, initially of the polytopic type and later as linear fractional transformation parametric uncertainties. We calculate lower and upper bounds to the H2 squared norm of the estimation error by means of the equilibrium solution of a minimax problem, that can be formulated in a linear matrix inequality framework. Under this approach we provide an optimality gap that allows us to certify the performance of the designed robust filter. Afterwards, we apply the proposed methodology to estimation problems involving a three-phase induction motor and a transmission line with a stub. This work also considers what we call a linear comparison system, whose goal is to serve as an alternative to study time-delay systems. Using the Rekasius substitution we construct a linear time invariant system that allows us to get information about stability and H8 norm of this class of systems. Based on this approach in terms of state space matrices it is possible to extend the results to state feedback design and filtering design without any further assumptions.
Doutorado
Automação
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
Pereira, Mauricio Fernando Lima. "Um modelo de reconstrução tomográfica 3D para amostras agrícolas com filtragem de Wiener em processamento paralelo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-17092007-205738/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work presents a new method for three dimensional (3D) image reconstruction dedicated to the investigation in soil physics by means of X-ray tomography which is obtained using two-dimensional (2D) tomographic image reconstructed slices. The conception of the 3D model for reconstruction and visualization was based on the filtered back projection algorithm, operating under parallel environment together the insertion of virtual planes between pairs of real planes obtained by X-Ray tomography under energies varying from 56 keV to 662 keV. In this model, the virtual planes were generated by interpolation with the use of B-Spline-Wavelets. The evaluation of the 3D reconstruction model was established by using a set of agricultural samples (i.e., soil, glass, wood and calibration phantoms) having different configuration for the planes. Such configuration was based on setting not only the sizes and the number of the real but also the virtual planes in the volume. This procedure allows the impact measurements as a function of the increasing in workload and the communication granularity. To validate the reconstruction model, a dedicated parallel architecture composed of 4 DSP processors was used. This board enables data exchange between DSP processors and communication with host computer. A measurement of efficiency with a speed up equal to 3.4 was obtained using the same set of samples and a better performance was observed with a higher number of planes. Also, to understand about its adaptability, the model was implemented in conventional architecture, using MPI library to enable communication between designed tasks. Additionally, 2D and 3D visualization tools based on Vizualization ToolKit were included in order to help users to analyze images and their characteristics. Results have shown that the 3D parallel model reconstruction brought original contributions for the soil science diagnosis by X-Ray tomography, as well as to explore the available computational resources in parallel architectures, which demands great processing capacity.
Narvaez, Alfredo Rafael Roa. "Alcançabilidade e controlabilidade médias para sistemas lineares com saltos markovianos a tempo contínuo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-06082015-145429/.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this work we study the reachability and controllability notions for continuous-time linear systems with exogenous inputs and jump parameters driven by a quite general Markov chain. We define a rather natural average reachability and controllability concepts by requiring that the associated gramians are average positive definite, respectively. Aiming at testable conditions for each concept, we introduce certain sets of matrices linked with the gramians, and employ some invariance properties to find rank-based conditions. We show for average reachable systems that the state second moment is positive definite. One consequence of this result in the context of linear estimation for reachable systems is that the expectation of the error covariance matrix is positive definite. Moreover, for linear markovian filters we study the average boundedness of the error covariance matrix to show that the filter is stable in an appropriate sense, which consists in a property that is desirable in real applications. Regarding the average controllability concept, we show that it is a necessary and sufficient condition for the feasibility of the following control problem: find a control process that drives the continuous component of the state to zero in finite time with positive probability.
Battaglin, Paulo David 1951. "Filtragem de Kalman aplicada à computação digital com abordagem de espaço de estado variante no tempo". [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260788.
Pełny tekst źródłaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Este trabalho mostrará a aplicação do filtro de Kalman a um processo computacional discreto, o qual será representado por um modelo matemático que é um sistema de equações lineares, multivariáveis, discretas, estocásticas e variantes no tempo. As contribuições desta pesquisa evidenciam a construção de um modelo matemático apropriado de observabilidade instantânea para representar sistemas que variam rapidamente no tempo; a construção dos fundamentos teóricos do filtro de Kalman a ser aplicado em sistemas lineares, multivariáveis, discretos, estocásticos e variantes no tempo; bem como a construção deste filtro neste contexto e sua aplicação a um processo computacional discreto. Neste trabalho propomos um método para determinar: a matriz de observabilidade instantânea, o vetor de estimação de estado interno, a matriz de covariâncias de erros de estimação de estado interno e a latência de um processo computacional discreto, quando as medidas na saída do computador são conhecidas. Aqui mostramos que quando a propriedade observabilidade instantânea do sistema é verificada, a latência de um processo computacional pode ser estimada. Esta é uma vantagem comparada com os métodos de observabilidade usual, os quais são baseados em cenários estáticos. A aplicação potencial dos resultados deste trabalho é na predição de congestionamentos em processos que variam no tempo e acontecem em computadores digitais. Em uma perspectiva mais ampla, o método da observabilidade instantânea pode ser aplicado na identificação de patologias, na previsão de tempo, em navegação e rastreamento no solo, na água e no ar; no mercado de ações e em muitas outras áreas
Abstract: This work will show the application of the Kalman filter to a discrete computational process, which will be represented by a mathematical model: a system of linear, multivariable, discrete, stochastic and time-varying equations. The contributions of this research show the construction of an appropriate mathematical model of instantaneous observability to represent systems that vary quickly in time; the construction of the theoretical foundations of the Kalman filter to be applied to a linear, multivariable, discrete, stochastic and time-varying system; the construction of this filter in this context and its application to a discrete computational process. In this research we propose a method to determine: the instantaneous observability matrix, the internal state vector estimation, Covariance matrix of internal state estimation error and the latency of a digital computational process, when the measures on the computer output are known. Here we show that when the instantaneous observability property of the system comes true, a computing process latency can be estimated. This is an advantage compared to usual observability methods, which are based on static scenarios. The potential application of the results of this work is to predict bottlenecks in time-varying processes which happen inside the discrete computers. In a broader perspective, the instantaneous observability method can be applied on identification of a pathology, weather forecast, navigation and tracking on ground, in the water and in the air; in stock market prediction and many other areas
Doutorado
Automação
Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica
Corrêa, Laís. "Simulação de grandes escalas de escoamentos turbulentos com filtragem temporal via método de volumes finitos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-27092016-161820/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe main objective of this work is to develop a numerical method for large eddy simulation of tridimensional turbulent flows using a model based on temporal filtering (TLES - Temporal Large Eddy Simulation). The developed method combines at least 2nd order temporal discretizations (Adams-Bashforth, QUICK, Runge-Kutta), a 2nd order projection method, and 2nd order spatial discretizations obtained by the finite volume method. This methodology was employed to the simulation of turbulent benchmark problems such as channel and lid-driven cavity flows. The latter is simulated for the first time using a TLES turbulence modelling. Results show excellent agreement when compared to Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) and experimental data, with better results than classical results produced by standard LES formulation with spatial filtering.
Nunes, Polyana Ferreira. "Método baseado em médias não-locais para filtragem do ruído quântico de imagens mamográficas digitais adquiridas com dose de radiação reduzida". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18152/tde-03102016-132433/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work presents a new proposal from the non-local means algorithm (NLM - Non-Local Means) for filtering the quantum noise of digital mammography images acquired with reduced radiation dose. The reduction in radiation doses aims to minimize the risk of inducing breast cancer caused by patient exposure to ionizing radiation during the examination. However, the mammographic image quality decreases with the reduction of the radiation dose and the predominant noise in this case is the quantum noise, which follows the Poisson distribution and it is dependent of the signal. As the NLM algorithm was originally developed for filtering additive Gaussian noise, the purpose of this study was to adapt the original NLM algorithm so that it becomes more suitable for filtering the noise found in digital mammographic images. In this new approach, called Variance Map Non-local Means (VM-NLM), the filtering of the quantum noise is performed in the image domain, considering the noise variance in each pixel of the image, since the noise depends on the pixel value. Thus, it eliminates the need for an accurate estimate of the noise parameters for the use of a variance stabilization transform (such as generalized Anscombe Transformation) before the filtering process. This estimate typically requires preliminary measurements in the mammographic equipment, which is not always viable in clinical practice. The proposal was evaluated in three databases of mammographic images acquired with different radiation doses. Performance evaluations were conducted comparing objectively the quality of mammographic images acquired with standard radiation dose and with reduced doses, after filtering the noise. The results obtained with the proposed algorithm showed that it produces sharper mammographic images with better preservation of edges and small details than the original NLM algorithm.
Jesus, Gildson Queiroz de. "Filtragem robusta recursiva para sistemas lineares a tempo discreto com parâmetros sujeitos a saltos Markovianos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18153/tde-03102011-091822/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work deals with the problem of robust state estimation for discrete-time uncertain linear systems subject to Markovian jumps. Predicted and filtered estimates are developed based on recursive algorithms which are useful in on-line applications. We develop two classes of filters, the first one is based on a H \'INFINITO\' approach and the second one is based on a robust regularized leastsquare method. Moreover, we develop information filter and their respective array algorithms to estimate this kind of system. We assume that the jump parameters of the Markovian system are not acessible.
Campanhol, Leonardo Bruno Garcia. "Sistema fotovoltaico trifásico de único estágio conectado a sistemas de geração distribuída operando como condicionador de qualidade de energia unificado usando uma estratégia dual de compensação ativa de potência". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18153/tde-18122017-093612/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work proposes a multifunctional single-stage three-phase four-wire grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system operating with a dual active power-line compensating strategy. Besides injection of active power into the grid, the PV system operates as a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC), suppressing the load harmonic currents and compensating reactive power. Additionally, regulated, balanced and harmonic free output voltages are provided to the load. Since the PV-UPQC is based on a dual compensation strategy, the series converter operates as a sinusoidal current source, whereas the parallel converter operates as a sinusoidal voltage source. Thus, seamless transition can be achieved from the interconnected to the islanding operation modes, and vice-versa, without load voltage transients. Moreover, to overcome problems associated with sudden solar irradiation changes, fast power balance involving the PV array and the grid is obtained, since the feed-forward control loop acts on the generation of the series inverter current references. As a result, the dynamic responses of both inverter currents and dc-bus voltage are improved. Detailed analysis involving the active power flow through the inverters is performed allowing proper understanding of the PV-UPQC operation, as well as assisting to design of the power converters. Simulation and experimental results are presented to evaluate both dynamic and static performances of the PV-UPQC tied to the electrical distribution system.
Melo, Ernani Viriato de. "Sistema de recomendação de imagens baseado em atenção visual". Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2016. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/17824.
Pełny tekst źródłaHoje em dia, a quantidade de usuários que utilizam sites de comércio eletrônico para realizar compras está aumentando muito, principalmente devido à facilidade e rapidez. Muitos sites de comércio eletrônico, diferentemente das lojas físicas, disponibilizam aos seus usuários uma grande variedade de produtos e serviços, e os usuários podem ter muita dificuldade em encontrar produtos de sua preferência. Normalmente, a preferência por um produto pode ser influenciada pela aparência visual da imagem do produto. Neste contexto, os Sistemas de Recomendação de produtos que estão associados a Imagens (SRI) tornaram-se indispensáveis para ajudar os usuários a encontrar produtos que podem ser, eventualmente, agradáveis ou úteis para eles. Geralmente, os SRI usam o comportamento passado dos usuários (cliques, compras, críticas, avaliações, etc.) e/ou atributos de produtos para definirem as preferências dos usuários. Um dos principais desafios enfrentados em SRI é a necessidade de o usuário fornecer algumas informações sobre suas preferências sobre os produtos, a fim de obter novas recomendações do sistema. Infelizmente, os usuários nem sempre estão dispostos a fornecer tais informações de forma explícita. Assim, a fim de lidar com esse desafio, os métodos para obtenção de informações de forma implícita do usuário são desejáveis. Neste trabalho, propõe-se investigar em que medida informações sobre atenção visual do usuário podem ajudar a melhorar a predição de avaliação e consequentemente produzir SRI mais precisos. É também objetivo deste trabalho o desenvolvimento de dois novos métodos, um método baseado em Filtragem Colaborativa (FC) que combina avaliações e dados de atenção visual para representar o comportamento passado dos usuários, e outro método baseado no conteúdo dos itens, que combina atributos textuais, características visuais e dados de atenção visual para compor o perfil dos itens. Os métodos propostos foram avaliados em uma base de imagens de pinturas e uma base de imagens de roupas. Os resultados experimentais mostram que os métodos propostos neste trabalho possuem ganhos significativos em predição de avaliação e precisão na recomendação quando comparados ao estado-da-arte. Vale ressaltar que as técnicas propostas são flexíveis, podendo ser utilizadas em outros cenários que exploram a atenção visual dos itens recomendados.
Nowadays, the amount of users using e-commerce sites for shopping is greatly increasing, mainly due to the easiness and rapidity of this way of consumption. Many e-commerce sites, differently from physical stores, can offer their users a wide range of products and services, and the users can find it very difficult to find products of your preference. Typically, your preference for a product can be influenced by the visual appearance of the product image. In this context, Image Recommendation Systems (IRS) have become indispensable to help users to find products that may possibly pleasant or be useful to them. Generally, IRS use past behavior of users (clicks, purchases, reviews, ratings, etc.) and/or attributes of the products to define the preferences of users. One of the main challenges faced by IRS is the need of the user to provide some information about his / her preferences on products in order to get further recommendations from the system. Unfortunately, users are not always willing to provide such information explicitly. So, in order to cope with this challenge, methods for obtaining user’s implicit feedback are desirable. In this work, the author propose an investigation to discover to which extent information concerning user visual attention can help improve the rating prediction hence produce more accurate IRS. This work proposes to develop two new methods, a method based on Collaborative Filtering (CF) which combines ratings and data visual attention to represent the past behavior of users, and another method based on the content of the items, which combines textual attributes, visual features and visual attention data to compose the profile of the items. The proposed methods were evaluated in a painting dataset and a clothing dataset. The experimental results show significant improvements in rating prediction and precision in recommendation when compared to the state-of-the-art. It is worth mentioning that the proposed techniques are flexible and can be applied in other scenarios that exploits the visual attention of the recommended items.
Tese (Doutorado)
Yen, Po-Hsiu, i 顏鉑秀. "Study of high repetition rate mode locked Er doped fiber lasers with intra cavity comb filtering". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ja7bfw.
Pełny tekst źródła國立交通大學
光電工程研究所
107
In the thesis work two high repetition rate fiber lasers up to 100 GHz and 250 GHz are successfully demonstrated. By utilizing a sigma type laser cavity, a highly stable 100 GHz fiber laser is achieved, thanks to the polarization maintaining cavity design. Moreover, through a simple feedback control loop, the long term output power variation is lowered to the level of 0.1 %. Another 250 GHz mode-locking laser is pumped by a high power EDFA and filtered through a silicon-microring resonator in the cavity. The autocorrelation trace is significantly improved by injecting a narrow bandwidth CW laser, which is capable of suppressing the super-mode noises. Both laser schemes require a section of several hundred meters of high nonlinearity fiber to provide the sufficient nonlinear effects of self-phase modulation and four-wave mixing. The characteristics of both laser are investigated in details by the measurement of optical spectrum, autocorrelation trace and RF spectrum.
Wang, Sheng-Min, i 王聖閔. "Laser Dynamics of High Repetition Rate Hybrid Mode-Locked Er-doped Fiber Lasers with Intra-Cavity Comb Filtering". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kn7x3k.
Pełny tekst źródła國立交通大學
光電工程研究所
105
In this dissertation we have experimentally and theoretically investigated 3 kinds of intra-cavity comb filter assisted high repetition rate mode-locked lasers. The inserted comb filters include the birefringence filter, the low-Q Fabry-Pérot etalon, and the high-Q Fabry-Pérot etalon. By utilizing the highly nonlinear fiber and comb filter, stable mode-locking with the repetition rate up to 100 GHz can be achieved along with the induced four wave mixing effect and the nonlinear polarization rotation effect. In the birefringence filter assisted hybrid mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser, 100 GHz - 400 GHz burst-mode hybrid mode-locking has been successfully demonstrated by using 10 GHz - 25 GHz phase modulation and a section of 7.7 m polarization-maintaining fiber that acts as a 100 GHz birefringence filter. A new effect analogous to rational harmonic mode-locking has also been discovered, with which the operation state of the laser can be switched between the 100 GHz and 300 GHz burst-mode mode-locking states by merely detuning the modulation frequency around 200 kHz. In simulation, the distributed master equation model is used to investigate the operation of the laser under the hybrid mode-locking state and the repetition rate multiplied mode-locking state. In the low-Q Fabry-Pérot etalon assisted hybrid mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser, 100 GHz passive mode-locking and 100 GHz burst-mode hybrid mode-locking have been generated by inserting an etalon with the finesse of 6. The dependence of the burst envelope width and the phase modulation depth is found to follow the relationship of inverse square root. The distributed master equation model is used to reveal the underlying physical mechanisms and confirm the observed experimental results. The tendency of most laser characteristics are consistent with the experimental results. In particular, the requirement of modulation frequency detuning for achieving stable burst-mode hybrid mode-locking is clarified. In the high-Q Fabry-Pérot etalon assisted hybrid mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser, 100 GHz pulse trains are generated under pure passive mode-locking and hybrid mode-locking by using a high-Q etalon with the finesse of 100. It is found that the phase modulation can enhance the auto-correlation contrast of the pulse train by 3.4 dB compared with the pure passive mode-locking case. Better mode-locked pulse trains at high repetition rates can be generated.
Albuquerque, Paulo Alexandre Pinto. "Sistema de recomendação colaborativa de restaurantes com dispositivos móveis". Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/7982.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe exponential growth of information that people are exposed to, has created a need for the existence of systems that could help users to filter the incoming data. So a class of systems named recommender systems started to help deal with the issue. These systems have eased the problem by filtering the information, leaving only the part that is of most interest to each user. Of the various kinds of recommender systems, the ones based on collaborative filtering have had the most commercial success, being found in world-class retailers as Amazon and on online DVD renting websites as NetFlix. Meanwhile there has been a change in the way users access e-commerce and tourism portals, moving away from the standard use of a desktop computer to new mobile devices as smartphones and tablets. The geo-referencing capabilities of these mobile devices that are permanently connected to the Internet, allows for the delivery of services based on the device location. In this context a collaborative filtering algorithm has been implemented and a proof of concept of a mobile restaurant recommender application developed to support it. The recommendation algorithm precision in predicting user ratings has been tested with success in a public research database (MovieLens), with results comparable to other publications. The mobile application has been subject to user acceptance tests resulting in a very positive feedback from the users.