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Chavan, Rohit. "JAVA synchronized collaborative multimedia toolkit: A collaborative communication tool." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2549.
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In this project a collaboration multimedia toolkit, JSCMT (Java Synchronized Collaborative Multimedia Toolkit) was developed which is intended to connect a group of people located in different geographical locations who are working on the same project.
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Alhartomi, Mohammed. "Collaborative optical wireless communication systems." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13153/.
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Wang, Miao. "Design as Communication in Collaborative Innovation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1326828965.
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Hill, Jillian Averi. "Collaborative writing activities at Midwest Utility." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1311016429.
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Mariani, Francesca. "Communication of the collaborative act : How Swedish climate councils engage in collaboration-based sustainability." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Jönköping University, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-50381.
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Contemporary times, characterized by global and complex challenges, call for innovative and comprehensive answers. Climate change and environmental issues are the protagonists of institutions’ agendas, who consequently are looking for new and effective ways of replying to these challenges. Collaborations among actors coming from different sectors, belonging both to the private and the public sector, represent a strong tool to reply to today’s challenges, where centrifugal and centripetal forces need to be managed. This study highlights the importance of collaborative efforts toward sustainable development, and particularly, it aims at emphasizing the importance of the communication aspect, which is often underestimated in collaboration-based models. To highlight the communication aspect in collaboration, three examples are analyzed: Jönköping Climate Council, Västra Götaland Climate Council and Jämtland Climate Council. Climate Councils represent a unique and effective Swedish institution that, through a joint effort between all the actors involved in a Region, put in place different activities to reach their climate goals. Semi-structured interviews with Climate Council’s representatives unfolded different aspects behind the Climate Council phenomenon. Moreover, the critical discourse analysis of three reports issued by the institutions gives results that are compared with what emerges from the interviews. The findings of the study aim at highlighting the key role of communication within collaborations, which in the Climate Council institutions play a vital role for the Climate Council to exist.
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Horgan, Susannah L. "Communication issues and ALS, a collaborative exploration." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64959.pdf.
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Pascoe, James Simon. "Fault-tolerance for collaborative strong group communication." Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250614.
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Boyle, Kathleen Black. "Nurse-physician collaborative communication and safety climate /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.
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Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007.<br>Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-101). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
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Vahdati, Sahar, Natanael Arndt, Sören Auer, and Christoph Lange. "OpenResearch: collaborative management of scholarly communication metadate." Universität Leipzig, 2016. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15939.
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Scholars often need to search for matching, high-profile sci-entific events to publish their research results. Information about topical focus and quality of events is not made suÿciently explicit in the existing communication channels where events are announced. Therefore, schol-ars have to spend a lot of time on reading and assessing calls for papers but might still not find the right event. Additionally, events might be overlooked because of the large number of events announced every day. We introduce OpenResearch, a crowd sourcing platform that supports researchers in collecting, organizing, sharing and disseminating informa-tion about scientific events in a structured way. It enables quality-related queries over a multidisciplinary collection of events according to a broad range of criteria such as acceptance rate, sustainability of event series, and reputation of people and organizations. Events are represented in di˙erent views using map extensions, calendar and time-line visualiz-ations. We have systematically evaluated the timeliness, usability and performance of OpenResearch.
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Morgan, Louise Anne. "Children's collaborative music composition : communication through music." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31262.
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The present research looks at peer collaboration and creativity, an area largely neglected by previous peer collaboration researchers, where goals are ill-defined and measures ambiguous. In previous (science based) peer collaboration research, the crucial factor promoting group productivity appears to be the 'social instrument of language'. Groups achieving intersubjectivity, or mutual understanding, through dialogue out-perform those groups who do not. The returning theme is one of sharing ideas verbally with other group members, arguing through alternatives and providing justifications for accepted and rejected solutions. It was suggested that in collaborative music composition tasks an alternative medium exists for the communication of ideas and for the establishment of a shared understanding of the task, namely communication through the music itself. It was hypothesised that, rather than talking about their ideas, children would be more likely to try them out directly on the musical instruments. It was also predicted that this form of interaction would be significantly related to group productivity.;The present research also considers three key gender issues: firstly, the recurring finding by previous researchers that boys in mixed gender groups take control of the task by dominating verbally and non-verbally over the girls; secondly, suggested differences between the genders in communicative styles; and thirdly, the relative productivity of single gender and mixed gender groups.;Three studies were carried out with children aged 9-10, working in groups of four of varying gender compositions. Each study involved a distinct type of music composition task. Evidence was provided for the occurrence of interaction through music, and its importance for group productivity was found to be dependent on the nature of the task. Important gender differences were observed, including female domination in mixed gender groups. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to previous peer collaboration research and classroom practice.
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Hauber, Joerg. "Understanding Remote Collaboration in Video Collaborative Virtual Environments." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1247.
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Video-mediated communication (VMC) is currently the prevalent mode of telecommunication for applications such as remote collaboration, teleconferencing, and distance learning. It is generally assumed that transmitting real-time talking-head videos of participants in addition to their audio is beneficial and desirable, enabling remote conferencing to feel almost the same as face-to-face collaboration. However, compared to being face-to-face, VMC still feels distant, artificial, cumbersome, and detached. One limitation of standard video-collaboration that contributes to this feeling is that the 3D context between people and their shared workspace given in face-to-face collaboration is lost. It is therefore not possible for participants to tell from the video what others are looking at, what they are working on, or who they are talking to. Video Collaborative Virtual Environments (video-CVEs) are novel VMC interfaces which address these problems by re-introducing a virtual 3D context into which distant users are mentally "transported" to be together and interact with the environment and with each other, represented by their spatially controllable video-avatars. To date, research efforts following this approach have primarily focused on the demonstration of working prototypes. However, maturation of these systems requires a deeper understanding of human factors that emerge during mediated collaborative processes. This thesis contributes to a deeper understanding of human factors. It investigates the hypothesis that video-CVEs can effectively support face-to-face aspects of collaboration which are absent in standard video-collaboration. This hypothesis is tested in four related comparative user studies involving teams of participants collaborating in video-CVEs, through standard video-conferencing systems, and being face-to-face. The experiments apply and extend methods from the research fields of human-computer interaction, computer-supported cooperative work, and presence. Empirical findings indicate benefits of video-CVEs for user experience dimensions such as social presence and copresence, but also highlight challenges for awareness and usability that need to be overcome to unlock the full potential of this type of interface.
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Pop, Septimia-Cristina. "Conception et développement d'une infrastructure de communication collaborative." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00081666.
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Ces dernières années le déploiement de réseaux sans fil a changé le paysage des réseaux informatiques. Grâce à l'évolution de la technologie informatique un utilisateur peut étendre son environnement de travail habituel en bénéficiant de la connectivité réseau accrue. La gestion souple de la mobilité lui permet d'accéder à différents environnements de collaboration. Cette thèse considère le problème de partage de l'affichage d'applications dans les conditions de la diversification des contextes de collaboration. Étant donné le déploiement du système de fenêtrage X et du système d'affichage à distance VNC, nous les avons choisi comme base pour notre travail. D'une part, nous avons conçu un système de partage d'applications X qui gagne en flexibilité par son interface du contrôle d'évènements d'entrée. Le système repose sur un multiplexeur de flots X conçu comme un service actif qui peut être chargé dynamiquement sur une plate-forme générique. D'autre part, nous avons transformé le système VNC en un système coopératif flexible. Le nouveau système est construit autour d'un proxy dynamiquement contrôlé à distance. Le proxy peut être programmé pour gérer différentes sessions de collaboration. Chaque session de collaboration peut utiliser des flots de données de VNC multiples. L'ouverture du système vers des politiques de contrôle d'évènements entrée permet l'adaptation au contexte de coopération. Finalement nous présentons des nouvelles perspectives concernant les possibilités de collaboration assistée par la technologie informatique dans un réseau informatique quelconque.
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Bulu, Saniye Tugba. "Communication Behaviors And Trust In Collaborative Online Teams." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1099548/index.pdf.
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Building and maintaining trust is a necessary condition for group
cohesion. In order to successful collaborative group process in online
learning environment, development of trust must be understood in online
teams. Difference communication behaviors in the online teams with
different trust levels were investigated in this research. Participants were 61
students in an undergraduate level who enrolled in the online course. In this
research, online teams&<br>#8217<br>collaborative communication behaviors were
analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods to understand the
factors that facilitate and deepen trust. Data were obtained from
questionnaires and online class discussion archives. One of the findings of the study was that trust is built and maintained in online teams. Another
finding was that online trust can be fragile and certain communication
behaviors should be presented by members to deepen and maintain the trust
level. The results of the study showed that there must be social interaction,
enthusiasm, task oriented interaction, equal and predictable communication,
and feedback among the member of online teams to built and maintain trust.
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Wilson, Christopher Roppel Thaddeus A. "Hardware testbed for collaborative robotics using wireless communication." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1898.
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Hussein, Karim Mohie El Din 1972. "Communication facilitators for a distributed collaborative engineering environment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37787.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1995.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-93).<br>by Karim Mohie El Din Hussein.<br>M.S.
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Pendergast, Mark Overton. "Interprogram communication for PC/LAN-based collaborative applications: PLEXNET, a session level communications system." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184784.
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This dissertation describes the analysis, design, and implementation of a session level communication system referred to as PLEXNET. PLEXNET was developed specifically to provide communication services required by Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) applications but which are not currently available as part of commercially available LAN products. CSCW services include such things as: reliable broadcast communications, dynamic multicasting, and message queuing. Analysis of CSCW networking requirements entailed: reviewing CSCW applications and communications systems; synthesizing a data exchange model for collaborative tools; and defining a target system (PC-LAN). PLEXNET design provides a discussion of: networking tradeoffs, the relationship between PLEXNET and NETBIOS, PLEXNET queue structure, and PLEXNET implementation details. The design and implementation of PLEXNET were validated by performing discrete event simulations comparing response times and resource utilization for three communication paradigms and by developing four collaborative applications which employ PLEXNET for data communications. These applications are: Multi-User LAN Editor, Electronic Discussion System, Contracts Procurement, and Video Switcher.
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Banitalebi, Behnam [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Beigl. "Collaborative Networking: The Integration of Collaborative Communication into WSN-routing / Behnam Banitalebi. Betreuer: M. Beigl." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1050767594/34.
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Gabriel, Gerard Cesar. "COMPUTER MEDIATED COLLABORATIVE DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURE: THE EFFECTS OF COMMUNICATION CHANNELS ON COLLABORATIVE DESIGN COMMUNIATION." University of Sydney, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3961.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Up till now, architects collaborating with other colleagues did so mostly face-to-face (FTF). They had to be in the same space (co-located) at the same time. Communi-cation was ‘spontaneous’ and ideas were represented, whether verbal or non-verbal, by talking and using ‘traditional drawing tools’. If they were geographically displaced, the interaction was then space affected as well as the probability of being time affected. In this case communication was usually mediated through the tele-phone, and graphically represented ideas were sent by Fax or posted documents. Recently, some architectural firms started using modems and Internet connections to exchange information, by transferring CAD drawings as well as design informa-tion, through e-mail and file transfer protocol (FTP). Discussing ideas in architecture, as a more abstract notion, is different from discuss-ing other more concrete arguments using video conferencing. It is more important to ‘see’ what is being discussed at hand than ‘watch’ the other person(s) involved in the discussion. In other words the data being conveyed might be of more impor-tance than the mode of communication. Taking into consideration recent developments in computer and communication technologies this thesis investigates different communication channels utilised in architectural collaboration through Computer Mediated Collaborative Design (CMCD) sessions as opposed to FTF sessions. This thesis investigates the possi-ble effects these different channels have on collaborative design in general and col-laborative design communication in particular. We argue that successful CMCD does not necessarily mean emulating close prox-imity environments. Excluding certain communication channels in a CMCD envi-ronment might affect the flow and quantity of synchronous collaborative communica-tion, but not necessarily the quality and content of mutually communicated and rep-resented design ideas. Therefore different communication channels might affect the type of communication and not necessarily the content of the communication. We propose that audio and video are not essential communication channels in CMCD environments. We posit that architects will collaborate and communicate design representations effectively although with some differences, since those two chan-nels might cause interruptions and successful collaborative sessions can take place without them. For this purpose we conducted twenty-four one-hour experiments involving final year architecture students all working to the same design brief. The experiments were divided into three categories, FTF, full computer mediated collaborative design sessions (CMCD-a; audio-video conferencing plus whiteboard as a shared drawing space) and limited computer mediated collaborative design sessions (CMCD-b; with Lambda MOO used as a chat medium plus whiteboard as a shared drawing space). The experiments were video and audio taped, transcribed and coded into a custom developed coding scheme. The results of the analysed coded data and observations of the videotapes provided evidence that there were noticeable differences between the three categories. There was more design communication and less communication control in the CMCD-b category compared to the FTF and CMCD-a categories. Verbal communi-cation became shorter and straight to the point in CMCD-b as opposed to spontane-ous non-stop chat in the other two categories. Moreover in CMCD-b the subjects were observed to be more reflective as well as choosing and re-examining their words to explain ideas to their partners. At times they were seen scrolling back through the text of the conversation in order to re-analyse or interpret the design ideas at hand. This was impossible in FTF and CMCD-a sessions, since the sub-jects were more spontaneous and audio representations were lost as soon as they were uttered. Also the video channel in the CMCD-a category was ignored and hardly used except for the first few minutes of the experiments, for a brief exchange of light humour on the appearance of each subject. The results obtained from analysing the experiments helped us conclude that differ-ent communication channels produce different collaborative environments. The three categories of communication for architectural collaboration explored in our ex-periments are indicative of the alternatives available to architects now. What is not clear to architects is why they would choose one category over another. We pro-pose that each category has its own strengths and difficulties for architectural col-laboration, and therefore should be selected on the basis of the type of communica-tion considered to be most effective for the stage and tasks of the design project.
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Cerratto, Teresa Inés. "Activité collaborative sur réseau : une approche instrumentale de l'écriture en collaboration." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA082044.
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La présente recherche s'inscrit dans la problématique du développement des usages des nouvelles technologies de communication et de la collaboration. Deux objectifs principaux ont été visés : décrire et expliquer certains des problèmes réels d'utilisation du point de vue du sujet psychologique, et contribuer d'une manière pragmatique à une réflexion psychologique et cognitive sur la conception des systèmes d'aide à la collaboration dans l'écriture. Pour ce faire nous avons mené une démarche empirique sur un terrain réel de formation qui nous a permis d'étudier certains aspects des processus d'appropriation du collecticiel dans l'activité collaborative des sujets. Le but dans cette démarche a été d'analyser les transformations que le collecticiel introduit dans l'organisation interne de l'activité collaborative des groupes, lors du processus d'appropriation. Cette analyse permet de dégager des orientations pour qu'au plan de la conception informatique, les attentes et les besoins dans l'activité humaine soient pris en compte dans le choix des développements techniques. . .
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Laval, Ernesto. "Shared construction of knowledge through electronic mail communication." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268712.
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Xu, LingBei. "Impact of Simultaneous Collaborative Multitasking on Communication Performance and Experience." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1218593084.
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Lee, Alvarez Heidi. "Distributed collaborative learning communities enabled by information communication technology." Rotterdam : Rotterdam : Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), Erasmus University Rotterdam ; Erasmus University [Host], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/7830.
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Gheitanchi, Shahin. "Collaborative multi-Carrier communication techniques for multi-user systems." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499569.
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Developing robust techniques for fast growing multi-user networks in pervasive environments is an important challenge. Multi-carrier communication is an established technique for achieving superior performance in multi-path frequency selective fading channels. In this thesis, new multi-carrier multiple access techniques using collaborative and cooperative approaches are proposed for multi-user systems in fading environments.
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Shum, Ming-fai Sammy, and 沈明輝. "Acquiring internet communication concepts through computer supported collaborative learning." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29954939.
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賴文建 and Man-kin Lai. "Performance differences across communication environments in collaborative problem solving." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31222791.
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Lai, Man-kin. "Performance differences across communication environments in collaborative problem solving /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21779235.
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Vail, Alexander Linden. "Collaborative hunting, partner choice, and intentional communication in fish." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709046.
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Du, Plessis Sandra. "Multilingual preschool learners: a collaborative approach to communication intervention." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28280.
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Multilingualism in classrooms is currently prompting debate and has significantly impacted on schooling in South Africa over the last decade. At present South African educators face the challenge of coping with and finding solutions to culturally and linguistically diverse urban school contexts that did not exist before. In many South African communities young learners, without any prior knowledge of English, are placed in English preschools. Preschool teachers have the demanding task of preparing these multilingual preschoolers for formal schooling in English, and, in addition, are pressurised by parents or caregivers who expect their children to be fluent in English by the time they enter primary school. A group of preschool teachers in a specific urban, multilingual preschool context expressed concern about multilingual preschool learners’ academic performances and their future, and requested advice and support. Consequently a need was identified for speech-language therapists to make their expertise available to multilingual preschool learners, as well as to their preschool teachers. To address this need, an exploratory, descriptive, contextual research design, incorporating the quantitative perspective, was selected to describe the specific educational context of multilingual preschools in the Pretoria Central Business District (CBD) and Sunnyside area. A descriptive survey was conducted and two survey techniques were employed to collect the data, namely a questionnaire and a test battery. The questionnaire was used to collect information from 32 teacher participants to investigate the needs and strengths of preschool teachers and multilingual preschool learners. The test battery was utilised to collect data on the language and communication proficiency in English of 30 learner participants. Results indicated that the teacher participants perceived certain personal challenges while supporting the preschool learners acquiring English as Language of Learning and Teaching (ELoLT). These teachers expressed a need for knowledge and support. They also reported that the multilingual preschool learners in the research context had to communicate in ELoLT despite it being an unfamiliar language. Some of the multilingual preschool learners displayed behaviours that could be indicative of negative influences on their self-esteem. The language and communication assessment revealed that many learner participants’ comprehension and expression in ELoLT were insufficient for learning and that they required support for academic success. In addition, the results support the claim that an integrated view of the multilingual learners’ communication abilities need to be established across contexts, by combining assessment strategies, such as naturalistic and structured assessment, as well as interdisciplinary perspectives. The results of the empirical research was used to propose a service delivery model for the acquisition of ELoLT in the research context. This proposed model may be an effective approach to provide supportive intervention to multilingual preschool learners with linguistic barriers to learning. In addition, initial stage intervention guidelines for the basic level ELoLT learner were offered in response to the needs of the specific community. These guidelines may provide a basis for the planning of intervention strategies to preschool teachers who were concerned about the education and future of multilingual preschool learners.<br>Thesis (DPhil (Communication Pathology))--University of Pretoria, 2007.<br>Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology<br>Unrestricted
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Hisarciklilar, Onur. "Formes et structures des annotations sémantiques pour supporter la communication en conception collaborative asynchrone." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00419297.
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Les processus de conception collaborative actuels comprennent un nombre important de situations coopératives dans lesquelles des participants géographiquement distribués, issus de différents domaines d'expertises, ont besoin de construire une compréhension mutuelle afin d'évaluer collectivement les solutions de conception. Les représentations tridimensionnelles de produit sont souvent utilisées dans ces situations comme l'artefact partagé entre les participants. Malgré l'avancement de technologies de Travail Collaboratif Assisté par Ordinnateur, la communication asynchrone reste difficile. Ceci est lié au manque d'une part de fonctionnalités permettant aux participants d'éliciter des informations tacites sur les représentations 3D et, d'autre part, à l'absence des mécanismes pour soutenir la communication argumentative. La question adressée dans cette thèse est de savoir comment les annotations peuvent être utilisées sur des représentations 3D pour soutenir la communication asynchrone, afin de permettre un partage plus efficace de l'information. Les contributions de ce travail incluent (1) un modèle d'annotation qui permet d'exprimer l'intention de conception, (2) une structure d'annotation qui facilite la compréhension de l'information en unifiant les dimensions communicatives et informationnelles du contenu de l'annotation, (3) un répertoire d'annotation afin de faciliter la recherche et la réutilisation des annotations, (4) l'environnement Annot'Action, une implémentation informatique des concepts proposés.
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Naeem, Muhammad Kamran. "Collaborative sensing and communication schemes for cooperative wireless sensor networks." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2017. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/3882/.
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Energy conservation is considered to be one of the key design challenges within resource constrained wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that leads the researchers to investigate energy efficient protocols with some application specific challenges. Dynamic clustering scheme within the deployed sensor nodes is generally considered as one of the energy conservation techniques. However, unbalanced distribution of cluster heads, highly variable number of sensor nodes in the clusters and high number of sensor nodes involved in event reporting tend to drain out the network energy quickly, resulting in unplanned decrease in network lifetime. Performing power aware signal processing, defining communication methods that can provide progressive accuracy and, optimising processing and communication for signal transmission are the challenging tasks. In this thesis, energy efficient solutions are proposed for collaborative sensing and cooperative communication within resource constrained WSNs. A dynamic and cooperative clustering as well as neighbourhood formation scheme is proposed that is expected to evenly distribute the energy demand from the cluster heads and optimise the number of sensor nodes involved in event reporting. The distributive and dynamic behaviour of the proposed framework provides an energy efficient self-organising solution for WSNs that results in an improved network lifetime. The proposed framework is independent of the nature of the sensing type to support applications that require either time-driven sensing, event-driven sensing or hybrid of both sensing types. A cooperative resource selection and transmission scheme is also proposed to improve the performance of collaborative WSNs in terms of maintaining link reliability. As a part of the proposed cooperative nature of transmission, the transmitreceive antennae selection scheme and lattice reduction algorithm have also been considered. It is assumed that the channel state information is estimated at the receiver and there is a feedback link between the wireless sensing nodes and the fusion centre receiver. For the ease of system design engineer to achieve a predefined capacity or quality of service, a set of analytical frameworks that provide tighter error performance lower bound for zero forcing (ZF), minimum mean square error (MMSE) and maximum likelihood (ML) detection schemes are also presented. The dynamic behaviour has been adopted within the framework with a proposed index derived from the received measure of the channel quality, which has been attained through the feedback channel from the fusion centre. The dynamic property of the proposed framework makes it robust against time-varying behaviour of the propagation environment. Finally, a unified framework of collaborative sensing and communication schemes for cooperative WSNs is proposed to provide energy efficient solutions within resource constrained environments. The proposed unified framework is fully decentralised which reduces the amount of information required to be broadcasted. Such distributive capability accelerates the decision-making process and enhances the energy conservation. Furthermore, it is validated by simulation results that the proposed unified framework provides a trade-off between network lifetime and transmission reliability while maintaining required quality of service.
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Marmasse, Natalia 1962. "Providing lightweight telepresence in mobile communication to enhance collaborative living." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28778.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-124).<br>Two decades of computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) research has addressed how people work in groups and the role technology plays in the workplace. This body of work has resulted in a myriad of deployed technologies with underlying theories and evaluations. It is our hypothesis that similar technologies, and lessons learned from this domain, can also be employed outside the workplace to help people get on with life. The group in this environment is a special set of people with whom we have day-to-day relationships, people who are willing to share intimate personal information. Therefore we call this computer-supported collaborative living. This thesis describes a personal communicator in the form of a watch, intended to provide a link between family members or intimate friends, providing social awareness and helping them infer what is happening in another space and the remote person's availability for communication. The watch enables the wearers to be always connected via awareness cues, text and voice instant message, or synchronous voice connectivity. Sensors worn with the watch track location (via GPS), acceleration, and speech activity; these are classified and conveyed to the other party, where they appear in iconic form on the watch face, providing a lightweight form of telepresence. When a remote person with whom this information is shared examines it, their face appears on the watch of the person being checked on. A number of design criteria defined for collaborative living systems are illustrated through this device.<br>by Natalia Marmasse.<br>Ph.D.
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Timmis, Susan Elizabeth. "Undergraduate students' engagement in digitally-mediated communication and collaborative work." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/f2e3b99d-a37b-4695-bbc5-fbd2e0e31f91.
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Students regularly communicate using digital tools, yet many studies report difficulties with their use for undergraduate collaborative work and a detailed understanding of how students employ these tools for study purposes is lacking. This dissertation takes the student perspective, and investigates different digitally-mediated communication tools students used for studying, the activities this involved and their contextual influences. A wide-ranging literature review brings together cultural-historical activity theory with concepts from collaborative learning and dialogic communication theories, in which communication and collaboration are understood as mediated, multi-level activities, through discourse, action and system. Third-year undergraduates, working in special interest groups using personal and institutional communication tools, were the focus of the empirical setting. A partnership design, involving students as researchers, allowed for the collection of authentic communications data and in-depth, reflective, accounts. The findings show that although digital tools were part of the fabric of their lives and different tools were used, student communications in the groups were infrequent and lacked dialogic qualities. However, instant messaging conversations between existing friends frequently took place, involving mutual support and collaborative work. Communications were mediated by time, space and historical relations between participants, and required more or less collaborative effort. Tensions emerged as constraints on communications through task design, institutional regulations, ownership of tools, differences in purposes and the division of labour. This study concludes that cultural practices, institutional, pedagogical and interactional elements all contribute to constraining or supporting student engagement in communication and collaboration. Developing successful collaborative work therefore requires an in-depth understanding of these elements. Bringing students’ existing digitally-mediated practices into university work involves cultural change, with students acting as educational designers. The study further demonstrates how institutional rules, practices and processes influence students’ work. Further investigation within institutions and at policy level are urgently needed in order to improve student engagement.
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Zhang, Wei. "An analysis of stakeholders communication in collaborative software development projects." Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10168477.
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<p> Software development is a multidisciplinary collaboration involving many stakeholders. However, existing software development processes exhibit many issues related to that collaboration. Because prior research on stakeholder analysis and teamwork revealed the importance of communication, this study analyzed stakeholder communication with reference to team activities as a social and cognitive process. The study’s goal was to understand the collaboration process during software development and to delineate factors that influence this process. We focused on communication between the software developers and their clients during the requirements gathering phase, the team process, and the inter-team and interdisciplinary collaboration, in particular between software engineers and technical communicators. First, we conducted observations to help uncover the causes of variances in collaboration performance. Then we modified aspects of the collaboration process and compared team performance. We also performed an experimental study to further test the supporting effect of clients’ documents on requirement gathering. Finally, teams’ working structures and their impact on team performance were investigated using social network analysis. Among our findings was that clients are critical to the success of software development. Providing teams with documents that support requirement gathering facilitates team efficiency, but there is a trade-off in that team members may generate fewer creative ideas. Another finding was that software teams should ensure that members from all disciplines actively participate in projects. Finally, although teams need leadership, effective leadership is not a strong team member performing all coordination and tasks. A moderately centralized team structure is preferred.</p>
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Hinojosa, Cristelia. "Organizational Information Dissemination Within Collaborative Networks Using Digital Communication Tools." NSUWorks, 2017. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/996.
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While knowledge is one of an organization’s greatest assets, it remains a challenge to facilitate knowledge transfer between people within an organization. Social influence has been studied in its role of facilitating information diffusion, which is necessary for knowledge transfer to occur. Among this research, tie strength, a quantifiable characteristic of a social network that determines the link between two nodes, has been measured to determine the impact of social influence on knowledge transfer and information dissemination within a social network. Current research that explores the impact of social influence on information diffusion has been conducted within public social networks due to the availability of data that can be gathered from public social online network systems, such as Facebook. With the emergence of collaboration technologies that exist in online social network tools being utilized within organizations, there is an opportunity to digitally collect information regarding information dissemination within a collaborative network. This study captured data from an online social network, specifically a unified communication tool, being used within a collaborative social network at a mid-sized South Central corporation. A content analysis of Lync messages for 1,749 connections was performed to quantitatively measure the influence of tie strength on information dissemination within a collaborative social network. The results demonstrated that tie strength had a significant impact on information dissemination using a collaborative system. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that tie strength had the largest impact on information dissemination using the instant messaging modality of a collaboration system.
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Sandulache, Cornelia Elena. "Comment appréhender les nouvelles formes d’organisation du travail au service de l’innovation collaborative dans le cadre des territoires inscrits dans une démarche de stratégie intelligente ? - Cas des tiers - lieux collaboratifs." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0006/document.
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Alors que la littérature scientifique décrète que l’innovation collaborative n’est pas une nouveauté, les définitions sont souvent contradictoires et sa mise en œuvre reste énigmatique. Par conséquent, cette thèse en sciences de gestion a souhaité apporter des clarifications et des premiers éléments de réponse à travers la problématique centrale suivante : " Comment appréhender les nouvelles formes d’organisation du travail au service de l’innovation collaborative dans le cadre des territoires inscrits dans une démarche de stratégie intelligente ? Le cas des espaces de coworking ". Plusieurs objectifs en ont découlé : 1. Analyser la dimension collaborative de l’organisation du travail afin de déceler son potentiel novateur ; 2. Identifier les processus de gestion qui favorisent l’innovation collaborative en utilisant le cas des espaces de coworking ; 3. Conjuguer ces processus au niveau d’un territoire afin de pouvoir proposer un modèle de gestion intégratif capable de démultiplier le potentiel d’innovation collaborative. La thèse s’est, donc, articulée autour de trois niveaux d’analyse : conceptuel, conjoncturel et territorial. La recherche empirique s’est concentrée sur plusieurs études de cas : 11 espaces de coworking en France et 6 espaces de coworking aux États-Unis. La triangulation des données à partir des entretiens semi-directifs, de l’analyse documentaire et de l’observation empirique a contribué à une meilleure qualité des résultats obtenus. L’analyse conceptuelle nous a permis de clarifier la notion de « nouveauté » associée aux nouvelles formes d’organisation de travail, ainsi que leur potentiel novateur, afin de pouvoir esquisser la grille d’analyse de l’innovation collaborative, le schéma conceptuel de la thèse. Le niveau conjoncturel de l’analyse propose, donc, un schéma conceptuel enrichi intégrant les éléments du terrain. Enfin, l’analyse territoriale a donné lieu à un modèle intégratif de gestion territoriale de l’innovation collaborative. Ces résultats visent, d’un côté, la prise de conscience de nouveaux enjeux associés au concept de travail collaboratif et son potentiel, notamment l’innovation collaborative ; et de l’autre, la prise de conscience de l’importance de l’espace et des trois types de communication - communication pour coordination, communication pour information, communication pour inspiration - dans la gestion de l’innovation collaborative afin d’envisager de nouvelles politiques (publiques) de gestion de l’innovation collaborative (territoriale)<br>While the scientific literature concludes that collaborative innovation is not a new concept, definitions are often contradictory and its implementation remains enigmatic. Therefore, this thesis in management aimed to address the issue by stating its main question as follows: "How do we capitalize on the new forms of work organization targeting collaborative innovation in regions supporting smart specialization strategies? The case of coworking spaces". As a consequence, the following research objectives have been formulated: 1. To analyze the collaborative dimension of the organization of work in order to detect its innovative potential; 2. To identify management processes that foster collaborative innovation using the case of coworking spaces; 3. To conjugate these processes at the level of a territory in order to propose an integrative management model capable of enhancing the potential of collaborative innovation. The thesis was articulated around three levels of analysis: conceptual, conjunctural and territorial. Empirical research has focused on several case studies: 11 coworking spaces in France and 6 coworking spaces in the United States. The triangulation of the data from semi - structured interviews, documentary analysis and empirical observation helped produce quality results. The conceptual analysis permitted to clarify the notion of "novelty" associated with the new forms of work organization, as well as their innovative potential; thus, this level of analysis aimed to outline the collaborative innovation analysis grid, the conceptual schema of the thesis. The conjunctural level of the analysis proposed an enriched conceptual diagram by integrating the elements of the fieldwork. Finally, the territorial analysis provided an integrative model of the territorial management of collaborative innovation. On the one hand, these results are meant to raise awareness of the new implications of collaborative work and its potential, particularly collaborative innovation; on the other hand, they emphasize the importance of space and the importance of the three types of communication - communication for coordination, communication for information, and communication for inspiration - in the management of collaborative innovation. Thus, they underline multiple opportunities to define new (public) policies for the management of (territorial) collaborative innovation
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Lyle, Susan. "Collaborative talk and making meaning in primary classrooms." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310491.
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Moll, Jonas. "The Influence of Modality Combinations on Communication in Collaborative Virtual Environments." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133617.
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Although many studies have been performed on collaboration in multimodal interfaces not many of these have looked specifically on how the supported modalities influence the task solving strategies chosen and the communication between users solving a joint task in collaborative virtual environments. Therefore, the thesis studies performed aimed at shedding light on these aspects of multimodality. The specific research question studied is: How do changes in modality combinations influence employed work strategies, communication during task solving and the task efficiency in collaborative multimodal virtual environments? The studies performed build on theories from HCI, CSCW, human perception and mediated communication and are thus inter-disciplinary in nature. A variety of cases have been studied; collaboration between sighted and visually impaired, task solving in visually demanding environments and to some extent support for achieving medical diagnoses. The research presented in this thesis began with a field study in elementary schools, focusing on collaboration between visually impaired and sighted pupils. The shared environment was in this case a virtual room in which objects could be moved around by means of haptic devices. The results showed a great potential for haptic feedback when it came to supporting collaboration and most of all communication between the participants. A lack of awareness information about mostly the sighted pupils’ actions laid the ground for a follow-up study in which sighted and blindfolded students solved tasks in the same interface. A formal experiment was carried out in this case, comparing a visual/haptic environment with a visual/haptic/audio environment. Results showed that the addition of audio feedback to the visual/haptic environment was beneficial in many respects. Up until now, the focus had been entirely on collaboration between sighted persons and those who cannot see. This is why the next experimental study, based on an abstract gaming environment, aimed at collaboration between sighted persons. Since the earlier studies showed that the combination of modalities clearly matter, this new experiment compared three modality combinations – visual/haptic, visual/audio and visual/haptic/audio. Once again, the results clearly showed that the combination of modalities has an effect on task performance and that it influences collaboration and communication in particular. All studies performed have been subject to both quantitative analysis of performance measures and qualitative analysis of dialogues between collaborators. Even though quantitative data on task performance has played an important role, the main focus has been on qualitative data in all studies performed. The results show that different combinations of modalities influence the collaboration and in particular the communication between two participants solving tasks in different ways in a number of multimodal interfaces. In all cases in which a visual/haptic/audio condition has been compared to a visual/haptic or a visual/audio condition the performance was significantly better in the visual/haptic/audio condition. One of the most important conclusions drawn from the qualitative analysis of dialogues is that both haptic and audio feedback can have communicative properties which influence the dialogue and as a consequence the collaboration.<br><p>QC 20131108</p>
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Steptoe, W. A. H. "Eye tracking and avatar-mediated communication in immersive collaborative virtual environments." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/549351/.
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The research presented in this thesis concerns the use of eye tracking to both enhance and understand avatar-mediated communication (AMC) performed by users of immersive collaborative virtual environment (ICVE) systems. AMC, in which users are embodied by graphical humanoids within a shared virtual environment (VE), is rapidly emerging as a prevalent and popular form of remote interaction. However, compared with video-mediated communication (VMC), which transmits interactants’ actual appearance and behaviour, AMC fails to capture, transmit, and display many channels of nonverbal communication (NVC). This is a significant hindrance to the medium’s ability to support rich interpersonal telecommunication. In particular, oculesics (the communicative properties of the eyes), including gaze, blinking, and pupil dilation, are central nonverbal cues during unmediated social interaction. This research explores the interactive and analytical application of eye tracking to drive the oculesic animation of avatars during real-time communication, and as the primary method of experimental data collection and analysis, respectively. Three distinct but interrelated questions are addressed. First, the thesis considers the degree to which quality of communication may be improved through the use of eye tracking, to increase the nonverbal, oculesic, information transmitted during AMC. Second, the research asks whether users engaged in AMC behave and respond in a socially realistic manner in comparison with VMC. Finally, the degree to which behavioural simulations of oculesics can both enhance the realism of virtual humanoids, and complement tracked behaviour in AMC, is considered. These research questions were investigated over a series of telecommunication experiments investigating scenarios common to computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), and a further series of experiments investigating behavioural modelling for virtual humanoids. The first, exploratory, telecommunication experiment compared AMC with VMC in a three-party conversational scenario. Results indicated that users employ gaze similarly when faced with avatar and video representations of fellow interactants, and demonstrated how interaction is influenced by the technical characteristics and limitations of a medium. The second telecommunication experiment investigated the impact of varying methods of avatar gaze control on quality of communication during object-focused multiparty AMC. The main finding of the experiment was that quality of communication is reduced when avatars demonstrate misleading gaze behaviour. The final telecommunication study investigated truthful and deceptive dyadic interaction in AMC and VMC over two closely-related experiments. Results from the first experiment indicated that users demonstrate similar oculesic behaviour and response in both AMC and VMC, but that psychological arousal is greater following video-based interaction. Results from the second experiment found that the use of eye tracking to drive the oculesic behaviour of avatars during AMC increased the richness of NVC to the extent that more accurate estimation of embodied users’ states of veracity was enabled. Rather than directly investigating AMC, the second series of experiments addressed behavioural modelling of oculesics for virtual humanoids. Results from the these experiments indicated that oculesic characteristics are highly influential to the perceived realism of virtual humanoids, and that behavioural models are able to complement the use of eye tracking in AMC. The research presented in this thesis explores AMC and eye tracking over a range of collaborative and perceptual studies. The overall conclusion is that eye tracking is able to enhance AMC towards a richer medium for interpersonal telecommunication, and that users’ behaviour in AMC is no less socially ‘real’ than that demonstrated in VMC. However, there are distinct differences between the two communication mediums, and the importance of matching the characteristics of a planned communication with those of the medium itself is critical.
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Zanni, Maria Angeliki. "Communication of sustainability information and assessment within BIM-enabled collaborative environment." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/24680.
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Sustainable performance of buildings has become a major concern among construction industry professionals. However, sustainability considerations are often treated as an add-on to building design, following ad hoc processes for their implementation. As a result, the most common problem to achieve a sustainable building outcome is the absence of the right information at the right time to make critical decisions. For design team members to appreciate the requirements of multidisciplinary collaboration, there is a need for transparency and a shared understanding of the process. The aim of this study is to investigate, model, and facilitate the early stages of Building Information Modelling (BIM) enabled Sustainable Building Design (SBD) by formalising the ad hoc working relationships of the best practices in order to standardise the optimal collaboration workflows. Thus, this research strives to improve BIM maturity level for SBD, assisting in the transition from ad hoc to defined , and then, to managed . For this purpose, this study has adopted an abductive research approach (iterative process of induction and deduction) for theory building and testing. Four (4) stages of data collection have been conducted, which have resulted in a total of 32 semi-structured interviews with industry experts from 17 organisations. Fourteen (14) best practice case studies have been identified, and 20 incidents narratives have been collected applying the Critical Decision Method (CMD) to examine roles and responsibilities, resources, information exchanges, interdependencies, timing and sequence of events, and critical decisions. As a result, the research has classified the critical components of SBD into a framework utilising content and thematic analyses. These have included the definition of roles and competencies that are essential for SBD along with the existing opportunities, challenges, and limitations. Then, Schedules of Services for SBD have been developed for the following stages of the RIBA Plan of Work 2013: stage 0 (Strategic Definition), stage 1 (Preparation and Brief), and stage 2 (Concept Design). The abovementioned SBD components have been coordinated explicitly into a systematic process, which follows Concurrent Engineering (CE) principles utilising Integrated DEFinition (IDEF) structured diagramming techniques (IDEF0 and IDEF3). The results have identified the key players roles and responsibilities, tasks (BIM Uses), BIM-based deliverables, and critical decision points for SBD. Furthermore, Green BIM Box (GBB) workflow management prototype tool has been developed to analyse communication and delivery of BIM-enabled SBD in a centralised system (Common Data Environment, CDE). GBB s system architecture for SBD process automation is demonstrated through Use Case Scenarios utilising the OMG UML (Object Management Group s Unified Modelling Language) notation. The proposed solution facilitates the implementation of BIM, Information Communication Technology (ICT), and Building Performance Analysis (BPA) software to realise the benefits of combining distributed teams expertise holistically into a common process. Finally, the research outcomes have been validated through academic and industrial reviews that have led to the refinement of the IDEF process model and framework. It has been found that collaborative patterns are repeatable for a variety of different non-domestic building types such as education, healthcare, and offices. Therefore, the research findings support the idea that a detailed process, which follows specified communication patterns, can assist in achieving sustainability targets efficiently in terms of time, cost, and effort.
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Avellino, Ignacio. "Supporting collaborative practices across wall-sized displays with video-mediated communication." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS514/document.
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La collaboration entre plusieurs personnes peut prendre plusieurs formes, et la technologie soutient depuis longtemps ces pratiques. Mais lorsque la collaboration doit se faire à distance, est-elle aussi bien assistée par la technologie ? Dans ce travail, je soutiens l'idée selon laquelle le succès d'un système de télécommunications ne dépend pas de sa capacité à imiter une collaboration colocalisée, mais dans sa capacité à faciliter les pratiques collaboratives découlant des caractéristiques spécifiques de la technologie. J'explore cet argument en utilisant un mur d'écrans en tant que technologie collaborative. J'ai commencé par observer des collaborateurs effectuer leur travail quotidien à distance en utilisant des prototypes. Ensuite j'ai conduit des expériences et j'ai trouvé que les utilisateurs peuvent interpréter avec précision les instructions déictiques à distance et le regard direct quand un collaborateur à distance est affiché par une vidéo, même si celle-ci n'est pas placée directement devant l'observateur. À partir de ces résultats, j'ai créé CamRay, un outil de télécommunication qui utilise une rangée de caméras pour enregistrer le visage des utilisateurs lorsqu'ils parcourent physiquement les données le long de l'écran et présente cette vidéo sur un autre mur d'écrans distant par dessus le contenu existant. Je propose deux possibilités pour afficher la vidéo: Follow-Local, où le flux vidéo de l'utilisateur distant suit l'utilisateur local, et Follow-Remote où il suit l'utilisateur distant. Je montre que Follow-Remote préserve les relations spatiales entre le collaborateur à distance et le contenu de l'écran, créant ainsi la possibilité de désigner les objets par des gestes de pointage, tandis que Follow-Local facilite les conversations grâce à un face-à-face virtuel qui transmet plus facilement la communication gestuelle. Finalement, je me base sur ces résultats pour guider la conception de futurs systèmes de communications à distance entre murs d'écrans, et dégager des considérations à suivre lorsque des capacités de communication à distance sont ajoutées à de nouvelles technologies<br>Collaboration can take many forms, for which technology has long provided digital support. But when collaborators are located remotely, to what extent does technology support these activities? In this dissertation, I argue that the success of a telecommunications system does not depend on its capacity to imitate co-located conditions, but in its ability to support the collaborative practices that emerge from the specific characteristics of the technology. I explore this using wall-sized displays as a collaborative technology. I started by observing collaborators perform their daily work at a distance using prototypes. I then conducted experiments and found that people can accurately interpret remote deictic instructions and direct gaze when performed by a remote collaborator through video, even when this video is not placed directly in front of the observer. Based on these findings, I built CamRay, a telecommunication system that uses an array of cameras to capture users' faces as they physically navigate data on a wall-sized display, and presents this video in a remote display on top of existing content. I propose two ways of displaying video: Follow-Local, where the video feed of the remote collaborator follows the local user, and Follow-Remote, where it follows the remote user. I find that Follow-Remote preserves the spatial relations between the remote speaker and the content, supporting pointing gestures, while Follow-Local enables virtual face-to-face conversations, supporting representational gestures. Finally, I summarize these findings to inform the design of future systems for remote collaboration across wall-sized displays
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Baalaji, Venkateshwaraiyer S. "Collaborative services in an ad hoc wireless network." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FBaalaji%5FITM.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, Sept. 2004.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Alex Bordetsky, Gurminder Singh. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71). Also available online.
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Spaeder, Nancy Joan. "Adolescent communication strategies and patterns in a collaborative task : variations by gender /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025671.
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Ellis, Maggie P. "Maintaining personhood and self-image in dementia : an exploration of collaborative communication." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/844.
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Abu-Orf, Hazem. "Collaborative planning in divided cities : informal communication across a boundary of conflict." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275352.
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Cousineau, Halie J. "Collaborative Reflexive Photography: An Alternative Communication Tool for RuralDevelopment in Sembalun, Indonesia." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1470828430.
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Fangbemi, Kossivi Agbessi. "Collaborative control of wave glider platforms - Local Communication and Sea State Estimation." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31411.
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Climate change is the focus of many oceanography and marine engineering researchers, with possible links between climate change and the carbon cycle in the Southern Ocean being considered. This type of investigation requires modern and cost-effective tools to conduct surveys and collect data from the ocean. The self-propelled unmanned surface vessel, the Liquid Robotics Wave Glider, was designed primarily as a marine research tool and offers several advantages over existing research vessels and other tools employed for data acquisition in the ocean. The main advantages are its robustness at sea, i.e. its ability to withstand extreme weather conditions, its propulsion energy source, which is the wave energy, and its customisable electronics payload. The inter-platform communication strategy of the Wave Glider inspired a few engineering questions, one of which is the focal point of this research: whether Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology can be used to set up a local communication system enabling the collaboration of two or more Wave Gliders and reduce the cost, in terms of power and communication channels, involved in the communication with the Wave Glider platforms during missions. This research considers various LPWAN technologies available on the market and proposes LoRaWAN technology for the local communication system. LoRaWAN was selected as it presented a robust radio modulation and had growing support in the industry. In this research, a LoRa-based network of two nodes was developed, implemented and tested over the surface of the ocean. It was found that the system performs well over a distance of 1 km with both antennas having one end at the mean surface level of the sea. With the intention to increase the range of the platform and achieve a reliable and robust system, the research continued with the study of the influence of the surface waves on the proposed local communication system by exploring, firstly, the impact of seawater and, secondly, the wave height on signal transmission. The first study investigated the influence that the electromagnetic properties of seawater may have on the transmission of signals from one node to the second through simulations using the computational electromagnetic package FEKO. It revealed that, at the frequency of operation, which was 868 MHz, seawater reacted as a lossy conductor and reflected the signal upward, with negligible power penetrating the surface of the ocean. The subsequent study reviewed the statistical properties of the ocean surface waves in a sea of deep waters and proposed a relationship between the wind speed (or surface wave elevation), the antenna height, the distance separation between the two nodes and the probability of the presence of a line of sight (LoS) between the two nodes. This relationship quantifies the expected result that the probability of the LoS diminishes as the wind speed or the distance between the two nodes increases, whereas it improves with an increase in the antenna height. The last part of the research focused on initial works on sea state estimation using the lossless wave equation and Kalman Filter to provide 3D sea surface elevations that would be used to change to the probability of the LoS calculated previously in the research. Indeed, using the local communication to share the point-wise sea state data can be exploited to estimate the sea state over a rectangular region delimited to include these points. Sea state estimation is expected to enhance the joint navigation and coordination of the platforms and consequently, boost the probability of the LoS through the transmission at the crest of the waves. During the development of the Kalman Filter model, it was discovered that the sample time and the sample space significantly affect the performance and the stability of the discretised models. However, a carefully selected sampling time and sample space exhibited a stable system model. The results of the Kalman filtering were a realistic sea state estimate with a minimum error at the locations in the surrounding of the measurements.
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Zhao, Ke, and 赵珂. "Fostering learning and collaboration through computer-supported collaborative inquiry among Chinese tertiary business Englishstudents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44901926.
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White, Kenneth W. "An application of Gadamer's hermeneutics through an empirical description of communication in a collaborative learning community /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8216.
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Aldroubi, Marwan. "Collaborative modulation multiple access for single hop and multihop networks." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/39645/.
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While the bandwidth available for wireless networks is limited, the world has seen an unprecedented growth in the number of mobile subscribers and an ever increasing demand for high data rates. Therefore efficient utilisation of bandwidth to maximise link spectral efficiency and number of users that can be served simultaneously are primary goals in the design of wireless systems. To achieve these goals, in this thesis, a new non-orthogonal uplink multiple access scheme which combines the functionalities of adaptive modulation and multiple access called collaborative modulation multiple access (CMMA) is proposed. CMMA enables multiple users to access the network simultaneously and share the same bandwidth even when only a single receive antenna is available and in the presence of high channel correlation. Instead of competing for resources, users in CMMA share resources collaboratively by employing unique modulation sets (UMS) that differ in phase, power, and/or mapping structure. These UMS are designed to insure that the received signal formed from the superposition of all users' signals belongs to a composite QAM constellation (CC) with a rate equal to the sum rate of all users. The CC and its constituent UMSs are designed centrally at the BS to remove ambiguity, maximize the minimum Euclidian distance (dmin) of the CC and insure a minimum BER performance is maintained. Users collaboratively precode their transmitted signal by performing truncated channel inversion and phase rotation using channel state information (CSI ) obtained from a periodic common pilot to insure that their combined signal at the BS belongs to the CC known at the BS which in turn performs a simple joint maximum likelihood detection without the need for CSI. The coherent addition of users' power enables CMMA to achieve high link spectral efficiency at any time without extra power or bandwidth but on the expense of graceful degradation in BER performance. To improve the BER performance of CMMA while preserving its precoding and detection structure and without the need for pilot-aided channel estimation, a new selective diversity combining scheme called SC-CMMA is proposed. SC-CMMA optimises the overall group performance providing fairness and diversity gain for various users with different transmit powers and channel conditions by selecting a single antenna out of a group of L available antennas that minimises the total transmit power required for precoding at any one time. A detailed study of capacity and BER performance of CMMA and SC-CMMA is carried out under different level of channel correlations which shows that both offer high capacity gain and resilience to channel correlation. SC-CMMA capacity even increase with high channel correlation between users' channels. CMMA provides a practical solution for implementing the multiple access adder channel (MAAC) in fading environments hence a hybrid approach combining both collaborative coding and modulation referred to as H-CMMA is investigated. H-CMMA divides users into a number of subgroups where users within a subgroup are assigned the same modulation set and different multiple access codes. H-CMMA adjusts the dmin of the received CC by varying the number of subgroups which in turn varies the number of unique constellation points for the same number of users and average total power. Therefore H-CMMA can accommodate many users with different rates while flexibly managing the complexity, rate and BER performance depending on the SNR. Next a new scheme combining CMMA with opportunistic scheduling using only partial CSI at the receiver called CMMA-OS is proposed to combine both the power gain of CMMA and the multiuser diversity gain that arises from users' channel independence. To avoid the complexity and excessive feedback associated with the dynamic update of the CC, the BS takes into account the independence of users' channels in the design of the CC and its constituent UMSs but both remain unchanged thereafter. However UMS are no longer associated with users, instead channel gain's probability density function is divided into regions with identical probability and each UMS is associated with a specific region. This will simplify scheduling as users can initially chose their UMS based on their CSI and the BS will only need to resolve any collision when the channels of two or more users are located at the same region. Finally a high rate cooperative communication scheme, called cooperative modulation (CM) is proposed for cooperative multiuser systems. CM combines the reliability of the cooperative diversity with the high spectral efficiency and multiple access capabilities of CMMA. CM maintains low feedback and high spectral efficiency by restricting relaying to a single route with the best overall channel. Two possible variations of CM are proposed depending on whether CSI available only at the users or just at the BS and the selected relay. The first is referred to Precode, Amplify, and Forward (PAF) while the second one is called Decode, Remap, and Forward (DMF). A new route selection algorithm for DMF based on maximising dmin of random CC is also proposed using a novel fast low-complexity multi-stage sphere based algorithm to calculate the dmin at the relay of random CC that is used for both relay selection and detection.
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Rogers, Evelyn Marie 1962. "An investigation of the effects of collaborative, computer-mediated communication and non-collaborative, computer-assisted writing skills practice on L2 writing." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282776.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to compare the quantity and quality of writing produced by L2 students after participating in either (1) collaborative, computer-mediated communication (CMC), or (2) non-collaborative, computer-assisted writing skills practice. The subjects for this study were 42 students enrolled in French classes at the U.S. Air Force Academy. The CMC treatment consisted of 45 minutes of collaborative, simultaneous written "discussion" among student clusters of 3 or 4 students. The writing skills group focused on vocabulary building, grammatical review, and format review, using the French writing software program, Système-D. A computerized text analysis program, as well as experienced foreign language instructors then analyzed students' compositions. This study also addressed learner attributes (including gender, grade point average [GPA], and personality variables) and L2 proficiency and their interaction with the two computer-based contexts. Finally, it assessed learners' attitudes toward each of the two pre-writing activities. Results revealed that the effects of participating in either collaborative CMC or non-collaborative writing skills practice on L2 writing, in terms of the 6 variables considered (total number of words, grammatical accuracy, lexical density, lexical diversity, syntactic complexity, and overall writing quality) were minimal. While gender did not have a significant impact on quantity and quality of writing in the two contexts considered, GPA and language proficiency were significantly correlated with grammatical accuracy and overall writing quality. Selected personality variables had minimal effects on L2 writing. While subjects were markedly interested in both CMC and Système-D , quantitative as well as qualitative analysis of the attitude questionnaire showed a clear preference for Système-D over CMC. This study showed that students benefited from both types of pre-writing activities. The CMC group had the benefits of interaction and increased target language production, while the computer-assisted writing skills group benefited from access to a computerized data base of grammar, vocabulary and phrases for their compositions. Overall, students had positive attitudes toward both computer-based activities. If positive attitudes lead to increased motivation and enhanced second language development, it follows that these computer-based activities should be integrated into the traditional second language acquisition syllabus.