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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Coastal systemss"
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Carrión-Mero, Paúl, F. Javier Montalván, Fernando Morante-Carballo, Carolina Loor-Flores de Valgas, Boris Apolo-Masache i Javier Heredia. "Flow and Transport Numerical Model of a Coastal Aquifer Based on the Hydraulic Importance of a Dyke and Its Impact on Water Quality. Manglaralto—Ecuador". Water 13, nr 4 (8.02.2021): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040443.
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Coastal aquifers are part of the natural resources contributing to local development and promote resilience in the most vulnerable communities near the sea. Manglaralto, an Ecuadorian coastal parish, is affected by water resource scarcity. The increase in salinity and deterioration of the water quality is generated by the local and floating population’s demand, causing an increase in the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentrations and decreasing the aquifer’s piezometric levels. The aim is to establish a numerical model of flow and transport of the Manglaralto coastal aquifer by using hydrogeological data and Visual Transin software, relating the hydraulic importance of a dyke’s design (“tape”) and its impact on the quality of the water. The methodology is (i) hydrogeological database analysis, (ii) the system’s recharge concerning the soil water balance, (iii) the boundary conditions of the flow and transport model and, (iv) the results and validation of the numerical simulation. The results configure the importance of the coastal aquifer’s artificial recharge in the area where the tape is located, as reflected in the increase in piezometric levels and the decrease in salinity in wells near the sea. In conclusion, the numerical model of flow and transport allows expanding the knowledge of the variation of the piezometric levels and TDS concentrations over time, the importance of recharge in the hydrogeological system’s operation, and correct community management resilience and projection to sustainable development.
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Kim, Yong-Jin, Dong-Cheon Seo, Seung-Mi Jeong, Eun-Jung Kim i Hye-Sung Lee. "도서지역의 해안폐기물 관리체계 개선방안 제안". Journal of the Korean Society of Urban Environment 20, nr 1 (31.03.2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33768/ksue.2020.20.1.069.
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Marousi, Konstantina P., i Yorgos J. Stephanedes. "Dynamic Management of Urban Coastal Traffic and Port Access Control". Sustainability 15, nr 20 (13.10.2023): 14871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014871.
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Urban traffic congestion and vehicle/passenger port recurring delays are major obstacles of coastal urban area sustainability. Most research in coastal urban road management has focused on congestion detection without the effective integration of the dynamic interactions with port queueing systems. For securing coastal city environmental, social and economic efficiency, this paper develops and tests a dynamic urban coastal traffic and port management system. The integrated system controls traffic and port gates’ operations based on ITS/C-ITS methodologies. The system integrates dynamic models for congestion detection, using ANN and a parameterized model, on a coastal urban road network that leads to a city port and identifies optimal solutions for road traffic and port queuing gate control. The system communicates with users via connected vehicles and VMS. The system was tested in a coastal urban road leading to Patras Southern Port, Greece, and at port control gates. Field and simulation data were used to assess system performance and social–environmental impacts. The results reveal that the system’s application offers benefits to the individual driver moving towards the Port to board a ship (gaining at least 7 min and consuming 0.306 L less fuel) as well as to society (39.72% increase in traffic safety) and environment (1,445,132 g CO2 emission reduction).
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Dishington, Rachel. "Extreme, Outrageous, and (Un)reliable: Navigating Uncertainty in the Development of Sound-Based Fog Signals in Scotland, 1860–1900". Technology and Culture 65, nr 4 (październik 2024): 1223–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2024.a940467.
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abstract: This case study demonstrates how an analysis grounded in sound studies, rather than visual studies, reveals a different technological outcome in the development of coastal navigation systems. In the late nineteenth century, engineers at Scotland's Northern Lighthouse Board developed and managed a growing network of sound-based fog signals, primarily using steam-powered sirens. Despite the prevailing perception that sound signaling was more unreliable and risky than lighthouses for coastal navigation, engineers focused on maximizing the loudness of these devices to address the uncertainty of sound transmission. By prioritizing the siren and narrowing the system's goals to warning sailors about imminent danger, the engineers created a system with fundamentally different aims, implementation methods, and design priorities than those of visually-based lighthouse technology. This sound-based analysis uncovers how sensory hierarchies shaped technological decisions, leading to a unique and distinct approach to coastal navigation.
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Carro, Inti, Leonardo Seijo, Gustavo J. Nagy, Ximena Lagos i Ofelia Gutiérrez. "Building capacity on ecosystem-based adaptation strategy to cope with extreme events and sea-level rise on the Uruguayan coast". International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 10, nr 4 (20.08.2018): 504–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-07-2017-0149.
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Purpose This study aims to show a case study of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) measures to increase coastal system’s resilience to extreme weather events and sea-level rise (SLR) implemented at Kiyú (Uruguayan coast of the Rio de la Plata river estuary). Design/methodology/approach A participatory process involving the community and institutional stakeholders was carried out to select and prioritise adaptation measures to reduce the erosion of sandy beaches, dunes and bluffs due to extreme wind storm surge and rainfall, SLR and mismanagement practices. The recovery of coastal ecosystems was implemented through soft measures (green infrastructure) such as revegetation with native species, dune regeneration, sustainable drainage systems and the reduction of use pressures. Findings Main achievements of this case study include capacity building of municipal staff and stakeholders, knowledge exchanges with national-level decision makers and scientists and the incorporation of EbA approaches by subnational-level coastal governments. To consolidate EbA, the local government introduced innovations in the coastal management institutional structure. Originality/value The outcomes of the article include, besides the increase in the resilience of social-ecological systems, the strengthening of socio-institutional behaviour, structure and sustainability. This experience provides insights for developing a strategy for both Integrated Coastal Management and climate adaptation at the national scale.
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Scherbina, E., i T. C. Nguyen. "METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST TERRITORIES BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT". Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 7, nr 6 (1.03.2022): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2022-7-6-83-93.
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The paper presents the increasing role of the tourism business in the state's economic development, including the countries and cities of the Asia-Pacific region. These regions have favorable natural conditions for developing coastal tourist resorts. In addition, the article also demonstrates the impact of the pandemic on tourism activities around the world. The factors of the tourism industry's negative impact on the natural complex have been identified. It is especially evident in the coastal zone, experiencing a significant anthropogenic load and must be considered when placing tourism-related objects in the city's planning structure. The basic principles (sufficiency of resources, limited resources, infrastructural integrity and maintenance of the natural system's ecological balance) are formulated, which serve as the foundation for developing a model of the coastal city territory's urban planning balance with a focus on the tourism industry. The proposed model is based on considering the features of the spatial development of coastal city regions, focused on the tourism business. Based on the formulated model, the potential's assessment for urban development of the coastal city Tuy Hoa (Vietnam) is carried out on the basis of the tourism industry. The natural complex's estimates, engineering and transport infrastructures, and the social sphere have been obtained, which allow to estimate the tourist flow of no more than 54,000 tourists, ensuring the sustainable development of the city
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Tobal-Cupul, Jessica Guadalupe, Erika Paola Garduño-Ruiz, Emiliano Gorr-Pozzi, Jorge Olmedo-González, Emily Diane Martínez, Andrés Rosales, Dulce Daniela Navarro-Moreno i in. "An Assessment of the Financial Feasibility of an OTEC Ecopark: A Case Study at Cozumel Island". Sustainability 14, nr 8 (13.04.2022): 4654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084654.
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The aim of this article is to show how an OTEC Ecopark could provide comprehensive, sustainable, and quality products that satisfy the diverse needs of coastal communities in Mexico. An offshore 60 MW hybrid Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plant is proposed, which will provide products that will not only fulfill the water, energy, and food needs of the coastal communities, but also energize the local blue economy. An assessment of the financial feasibility of the plant as well as a comparative analysis against other forms of energy generation was carried out. The methodology section includes a market description, literature review for the technical design, methods for mitigating socio-environmental risks, and an analysis of operational risks. To determine financial feasibility, the CAPEX, OPEX and annual revenue, including the sale of CELs and carbon credits, were evaluated. The Internal Rate of Return suggests that the system would pay for itself in year 5 of the system’s 30-year life. The methodology used for this case study, with site-specific adaptations, can be applied to other coastal communities across the globe.
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Norbisrath, Mona, Johannes Pätsch, Kirstin Dähnke, Tina Sanders, Gesa Schulz, Justus E. E. van Beusekom i Helmuth Thomas. "Metabolic alkalinity release from large port facilities (Hamburg, Germany) and impact on coastal carbon storage". Biogeosciences 19, nr 22 (14.11.2022): 5151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5151-2022.
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Abstract. Metabolic activities in estuaries, especially these of large rivers, profoundly affect the downstream coastal biogeochemistry. Here, we unravel the impacts of large industrial port facilities, showing that elevated metabolic activity in the Hamburg port (Germany) increases total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) runoff to the North Sea. The imports of particulate inorganic carbon, particulate organic carbon, and particulate organic nitrogen (PIC, POC, and PON) from the upstream Elbe River can fuel up to 90 % of the TA generated in the entire estuary via calcium carbonate (CaCO3) dissolution. The remaining at least 10 % of TA generation can be attributed to anaerobic metabolic processes such as denitrification of remineralized PON or other pathways. The Elbe Estuary as a whole adds approximately 15 % to the overall DIC and TA runoff. Both the magnitude and partitioning among these processes appear to be sensitive to climatic and anthropogenic changes. Thus, with increased TA loads, the coastal ocean (in particular) would act as a stronger CO2 sink, resulting in changes to the overall coastal system's capacity to store CO2.
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Caboni, Marco, Henk M. Slot, Gerben Bergman, Dennis A. J. Wouters i Harald J. Van Der Mijle Meijer. "Evaluation of wind turbine blades’ rain-induced leading edge erosion using rainfall measurements at offshore, coastal and onshore locations in the Netherlands". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2767, nr 6 (1.06.2024): 062003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/6/062003.
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Abstract The impingement of rain drops on wind turbine blades determines leading edge erosion (LEE) which is a factor driving high maintenance costs. In order to better quantify rain-induced LEE, we carried out detailed rainfall measurements, by means of disdrometers, in conjunction with wind speed measurements. Measurements were performed at three different Dutch sites, encompassing an offshore, a coastal and an onshore location. Based on rainfall and wind speed measurements, and assuming a virtual 15 MW wind turbine, we estimated the blade’s LEE using a fatigue-based model. Developed by means of different published rotating arm erosion data, our fatigue model relates the measured rainfall characteristics to the LEE incubation period, here assumed as the leading edge protection (LEP) system’s end of life. Assuming a polyurethane LEP system, results indicate that the blades’ incubation period is around 3.9 years at the offshore location, 6.6 years at the coastal location and 8.3 years at the onshore location. These results are connected to the higher wind speeds during rainfalls, and higher occurrences of very intense rainy events which, according to the measurements, progressively occur at the onshore, coastal and offshore locations.
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Gomes, Marisa A., Catarina M. Alves, Fábio Faria, Regina Neto, Edgar Fernandes, Jesus S. Troncoso i Pedro T. Gomes. "Unleashing the Potential of the 360° Baited Remote Underwater Video System (BRUVS): An Innovative Design for Complex Habitats". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, nr 8 (8.08.2024): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081346.
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Coastal ecosystems are vital for numerous demersal and benthopelagic species, offering critical habitats throughout their life cycles. Effective monitoring of these species in complex coastal environments is essential, yet traditional survey methodologies are often impractical due to environmental constraints like strong currents and high wave regimes. This study introduces a new cost-effective Baited Remote Underwater Video System (BRUVS) design featuring a vertical structure and 360° cameras developed to overcome limitations of traditional BRUVS, such as system anchoring, overturning, and restricted frame view. The new design was compared against a previous one used on the northwest Iberian coast. Key performance metrics included species detection, habitat identification, and operational efficiency under complex hydrodynamic conditions. Findings reveal that the two designs can effectively identify the common species typically observed in the study area. However, the new design outperformed the previous by significantly reducing equipment losses and anchoring issues. This enhancement in field operations’ simplicity, operability, portability, and resiliency underscores the new system’s potential as a cost-effective and efficient tool for demersal and benthopelagic ecological surveys in challenging coastal seascapes. This innovative BRUVS design offers advanced monitoring solutions, improving habitat assessment accuracy and responsiveness.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Coastal systemss"
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Pereto, Clément. "Ecodynamique des Terres Rares dans les écosystèmes aquatiques : approches pluridisciplinaire et multi-échelle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0159.
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Les écosystèmes aquatiques sont soumis à de nombreux contaminants, y compris les Terres Rares (REEs), qui forment un groupe cohérent d'éléments aux propriétés physico-chimiques similaires. Au cours des deux dernières décennies, la production et la consommation accrues des REEs pour les technologies modernes ont conduit à leur présence croissante dans les milieux aquatiques. Cependant, des lacunes significatives subsistent qui nécessitent des approches pluridisciplinaires combinant Géochimie et Ecotoxicologie afin de : i) évaluer les cycles géochimiques (distribution, réactivité et devenir) des REEs dans les écosystèmes aquatiques ; et ii) identifier les facteurs et processus contrôlant leurs concentrations dans les organismes aquatiques (biodisponibilité, bioaccumulation). La première partie de ce travail s'est concentrée sur la distribution spatiale et le comportement géochimique des REEs à l'interface continent-océan, principalement en milieu estuarien. L’analyse des concentrations en REEs dissoutes le long d’un profil estuarien dans l’estuaire de la Gironde par condition d’étiage a permis de caractériser le comportement géochimique dans le gradient de salinité avec : (i) un abattement des REEs à faible salinité (S<5), plus importante pour les REEs légères (La, Ce, Pr, Nd) ; (ii) une augmentation des concentrations dissoutes aux salinités intermédiaires (5Aquatic ecosystems are exposed to numerous stresses, including Rare Earth Elements (REEs), which consist of a coherent group of elements and share similar physical and chemical properties. Over the past two decades, increased production and consumption of REEs for modern technologies have led to their growing occurrence in aquatic environments. However, significant knowledge gaps remain, and no comprehensive multidisciplinary approaches currently exist that combine geochemistry and ecotoxicology to assess the geochemical cycles (distribution, reactivity, and fate) of REEs in aquatic systems and the factors and processes controlling their concentrations in aquatic organisms (bioavailability, bioaccumulation). The first part of this work focused on the spatial distribution and geochemical behavior of REEs at the continent-ocean interface, and particularly in estuarine mixing zone. In an oceanographic campaign in the Gironde Estuary, we documented and analyzed the spatial variation of dissolved REE concentrations along a longitudinal profile during a dry hydrological condition. The geochemical behavior showed contrasting reactivity along the salinity gradient, with: (i) a removal of REEs at low salinity (S<5), with higher removal for light REEs (La, Ce, Pr, Nd); (ii) an increase of dissolved REEs at intermediate salinities (5
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DEMARCHI, ALESSANDRO. "COASTAL STATE INDICATORS AND COASTAL VULNERABILITY INDEXES TO IMPROVE EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS. The case study of the Catalan Coast". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2644852.
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Half of the world's population lives within 60 km of the sea and this figure is likely to rise up to 75% by the year 2025. The extraordinary development of the built environment and of the population densities in the coastal areas are making coastal communities highly exposed. The sea level rise induced by climate change is worsening this coastal vulnerability scenario and a considerable amount of people are expected to be susceptible to and threatened by coastal flooding in the near future.
Given that the northern part of the Mediterranean coastal areas is location of critical infrastructure and buildings, it represents one of the most highly exposed coastal area in the world. Its shores are indeed characterized by high rate of population densities and economic activities that extremely increase the risk of facing impacts and losses subsequent to hydro-meteorological hazards.
Considering the rising values of both occurrence and magnitude of storm-induced damages, adequate assessment and forecasting tools are needed in order to enhance the resilience of coastal systems and thus the capability to reduce disaster risks and cascading effects. In particular, thanks to more sophisticated and improved numerical tools, coastal observations and data collection, it is now possible to implement in a timely manner operational morphodynamic predictions able to reduce coastal risk linked to incoming storms. In this scenario, the Integrated COastal Alert SysTem (iCoast) project has been aimed at developing a tool able to address coastal risks caused by extreme waves and high sea water levels in European coastal areas.
In the framework of iCoast, a set of Coastal State Indicators (CSIs) has been developed in order to improve the forecasting and the assessment of coastal risks. CSIs are indeed parameters able to provide end-users with an essential information about coastal hazards and related impacts. CSIs have been chosen as parameters that can be retrieved from the meteorological and the hydrodynamic modules. They include both physical variables used as trigger for meteorological and flood warnings from the majority of the operational National/Regional warning systems and further essential parameters, so called ‘storm integrated’ coastal-storm indicators, which describe the physical processes that drive coastal damages, such as erosion, accumulation, flooding, destructions.
With the target of improving, produce and disclose/spread more efficient general warning messages, in the iCoast approach, specific sets of CSIs have been selected subsequently to their aggregation, weighting and comparison with established thresholds. In such a way, it has been possible and easier to deliver, tailored and adapted alert messages in relation to the different end-users characteristics and requirements.
In the present study, the set of CSIs chosen in the framework of the iCoast Project is presented along with their performances tested for the case study of the Spanish NW Mediterranean Coast (i.e. Catalan Coast) while hypothetic risk scenarios are subsequently delineated and analysed.
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Lu, Chunhui. "Mixing in complex coastal hydrogeologic systems". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39600.
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The mixing zone developed at freshwater-seawater interface is one of the most important features in complex coastal hydrogeologic systems, which controls subsurface flow and reactive transport dynamics. Freshwater-seawater mixing-zone development is influenced by many physical and chemical processes, such as characteristics of geologic formation, hydrodynamic fluctuations of groundwater and seawater levels, fluid-rock interactions, and others. Wide mixing zones have been found in many coastal aquifers all over the world. However, the mechanisms responsible for wide mixing zones are not well understood. In this thesis, two hypotheses were proposed to explain wide mixing zones in coastal aquifers: (1) kinetic mass transfer coupled with transient conditions, which create the movement of the mixing zone, may widen mixing zones; and (2) aquifer stratification may widen the mixing zone.
The hypotheses were tested by both multiscale numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. Numerical simulations were based on a variable-density groundwater model by varying mass transfer parameters, including immobile porosity, mobile porosity, and mass transfer coefficient, and the hydraulic conductivity contrast between aquifer layers. Laboratory experiments were conducted in a quasi-two-dimensional tank, where real beach sands were installed and foodstuff dyes were used to visualize the development of freshwater-seawater mixing zone. Major conclusions included (1) the mixing zone can be significantly widened when the mass transfer timescale and the period of transient boundary is comparable due to the nonequilibrium mass transfer effects; and (2) a thick mixing zone occurs in low-permeability layer when it overlays upon a fast flow layer. These results not only improve the understanding of the dynamics of mixing-zone development and its associated geochemical processes in coastal aquifers, but also identify hydrogeologic conditions for the model of sharp-interface approximation to be valid.
In addition to better understanding the mechanisms and dynamics of mixing zone, this thesis also investigates cost-effective management of coastal groundwater resources. To protect and conserve limited water recourses in coastal regions, interest in aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) has been growing in recent years. ASR is a promising strategy for water resources management and has been widely used in many contaminated and saline aquifers. However, its performance may be significantly constrained by mass transfer effects due to the mobilization of solutes initially residing in immobile domains. Better understanding of kinetic mass transfer effects on ASR is needed in order to aid the decision-making process. A numerical model is developed to simulate ASR performance by combining the convergent and divergent dispersion models with a first-order mass transfer model. By analyzing the concentration history at the pumping well, we obtain simple and effective relationships for investigating ASR efficiency under various mass transfer parameters, including capacity ratio and mass transfer timescales, and operational parameters. Based on such relationships, one can conveniently determine whether a site with mass transfer limitations is appropriate or not for ASR and how many ASR cycles are required for achieving a positive recovery efficiency (RE).
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Zhao, Yanlai. "Integrated systems analysis for coastal aquaculture". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26824.
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This paper presents a model for the evaluation of coastal zone sites in conjunction with supporting decision making on the use of potential sites for aquaculture as well as other site activities including commercial fisheries, and as reserves for natural resources. The decision support model captures site specific data in the form of a geographical information system that overlays selected geographical regions with natural resource dynamics, habitat, commercial activities including aquaculture, and influence plumes including toxicology. Descriptive data for selected regions including system overlays and interactions are then evaluated to provide input to a multicriteria analysis that positions decision makers with respect to the relative importance of resources, habitat, commercial activities, and influence plumes. The model compares alternative evaluations of selected regions among diverse users., as well as providing a group decision evaluation procedure to assist in coastal zonal governance decision makers such as the awarding of fish farm site applications. The model is applied to the coastal zone of Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick situated in the Bay of Fundy.
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Hall, James William. "Uncertainty management for coastal defence systems". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/9b1c8d07-24f0-48b9-bb7f-73d8d7c40ae6.
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Kingston, Kenneth Samuel. "Applications of complex adaptive systems approaches to coastal systems". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/474.
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This thesis investigates the application of complex adaptive systems approaches (e.g. Artificial Neural Networks and Evolutionary Computation) to the study of coastal hydrodynamic and morphodynamic behaviour. Traditionally, nearshore morphological coastal system studies have developed an understanding of those physical processes occurring on both short temporal, and small spatial scales with a large degree of success. The associated approaches and concepts used to study the coastal system at these scales have primarily been linear in nature. However, when these approaches to studying the coastal system are extended to investigating larger temporal and spatial scales, which are commensurate with the aims of coastal management, results have had less success. The lack of success in developing an understanding of large scale coastal behaviour is to a large extent attributable to the complex behaviour associated with the coastal system. This complexity arises as a result of both the stochastic and chaotic nature of the coastal system. This allows small scale system understanding to be acquired but prevents the larger scale behaviour to be predicted effectively. This thesis presents four hydro-morphodynamic case studies to demonstrate the utility of complex adaptive system approaches for studying coastal systems. The first two demonstrate the application of Artificial Neural Networks, whilst the latter two illustrate the application of Evolutionary Computation. Case Study #1 considers the nature of the discrepancy between the observed location of wave breaking patterns over submerged sandbars and the actual sandbar locations. Artificial Neural Networks were able to quantitatively correct the observed locations to produce reliable estimates of the actual sand bar locations. Case Study #2 considers the development of an approach for the discrimination of shoreline location in video images for the production of intertidal maps of the nearshore region. In this case the system modelled by the Artificial Neural Network is the nature of the discrimination model carried out by the eye in delineating a shoreline feature between regions of sand and water. The Artificial Neural Network approach was shown to robustly recognise a range of shoreline features at a variety of beaches and hydrodynamic settings. Case Study #3 was the only purely hydrodynamic study considered in the thesis. It investigated the use of Evolutionary Computation to provide means of developing a parametric description of directional wave spectra in both reflective and nonreflective conditions. It is shown to provide a unifying approach which produces results which surpassed those achieved by traditional analysis approaches even though this may not strictly have been considered as a fiddly complex system. Case Study #4 is the most ambitious application and addresses the need for data reduction as a precursor when trying to study large scale morphodynamic data sets. It utilises Evolutionary Computation approaches to extract the significant morphodynamic variability evidenced in both directly and remotely sampled nearshore morphologies. Significant data reduction is achieved whilst reWning up to 90% of the original variability in the data sets. These case studies clearly demonstrate the ability of complex adaptive systems to be successfully applied to coastal system studies. This success has been shown to equal and sometimess surpass the results that may be obtained by traditional approaches. The strong performance of Complex Adaptive System approaches is closely linked to the level of complexity or non-linearity of the system being studied. Based on a qualitative evaluation, Evolutionary Computation was shown to demonstrate an advantage over Artificial Neural Networks in terms of the level of new insights which may be obtained. However, utility also needs to consider general ease of applicability and ease of implementation of the study approach. In this sense, Artificial Neural Networks demonstrate more utility for the study of coastal systems. The qualitative assessment approach used to evaluate the case studies in this thesis, may be used as a guide for choosing the appropriateness of either Artificial Neural Networks or Evolutionary Computation for future coastal system studies.
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Delibas, Adem 1980. "A systems approach to managing nutrient pollution in Cape Cod's coastal waters". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100359.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 101-104).
Pressing problems are facing the coastal waters of the world due to the growing human activity. Increasing population and economic development around coastal areas have left many embayments throughout the world severely impaired. Excessive nutrient enrichment in water bodies, also known as nutrient pollution, is one of the leading impairments in coastal waters. Algal blooms, dead zones, and fish kills are spreading because of the nutrient pollution. This thesis presents a systems analysis of the nutrient pollution problem in the context of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, where the continuous degradation in coastal waters is considered as one of the greatest threats to the region's environmental and economic future. It proposes a system dynamics model created with a diverse stakeholder team to uncover the underlying system structure that has created the degradation in Cape Cod's coastal waters since 1960s. An important goal of this work was to support the development of a regional water quality management plan on Cape Cod by creating a shared understanding of the nutrient pollution problem across a wide range of stakeholders. Therefore, the proposed model was created with direct contributions of a diverse stakeholder team including representatives from residents, local municipalities, regional authorities, the state government, and the U.S Environmental Protection Agency. In addition to identifying the causal structure of the system through a set of qualitative diagrams, this thesis also proposes a formal simulation model and presents results of an in-depth policy analysis exploring how the degradation in Cape Cod's coastal waters could evolve under different future scenarios. Both the model-building process and the simulation experiments reveal several critical insights, including nonlinearity of the system behavior, delay in the system's response to interventions, and the importance of timely actions.
by Adem Delibaş.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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García, León Manuel. "Coastal risk forecast system : fostering proactive management at the Catalan coast". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669662.
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The action of sea storms is one of the most complex littoral processes with deep management implications. Along the Catalan shoreline which is about 700 km long, 190 km are subject to erosion and/or flooding. Around one million people live in areas potentially affected. Sea Level Rise could exacerbate this problem in the near future. Reactive interventions have been the norm in coastal engineering and management. This dissertation proposes a pre-storm strategy that foster cost-effective eco-compatible measures, termed Quick Defence Measures (QDM). Pre-storm intervention requires to forecast the future post-storm state. Hence, the main objective of this thesis is to assess present coastal risk through a Coastal Early Warning System (CEWS), termed LIM-COPAS, that forecasts the more relevant episodic coastal hazards at the area.
LIM-COPAS consists of four modules: (i) meteorological model; (ii) wave generation/propagation code; (iii) coupled morpho-hydrodynamic model and (iv) risk module via non-stationary multivariate probabilistic models. The performance of this suite of models has been tested with (i) a set of hindcast events and (ii) synthetic storm conditions. The hindcasted events have been: December 2008 (D-08); October-2015 (O-15); November 2015 (N-15); January 2016 (J-16); February 2016 (F-16); December 2016 (D-16) and January 2017 (J-17).
In D-08, errors in nearshore spectral wave parameters have been about twice than those in the offshore area. The error was around 20% in hydrodynamics and 50% in morphodynamics. The post-storm response has been acceptably reproduced, with a Brier Skill Score near 0.4.
LIM-COPAS has shown good accuracy with high return period events (i.e. Tr,waves > 10 yrs, D-16 and J-17), but lower agreement was found for milder storms (i.e. O-15 and F-16).
The meteorological module provided wind fields that were systematically overestimated. The integrated Mean Bias (MB) was -1.52 ± 0.78 m/s. Tarragona (Coefficient of Efficiency, COE = 0.27 ± 0.13) and Begur (COE = 0.29 ± 0.17) had metrics above the average value (COE = 0.24 ± 0.14); but lower agreement was found at Mahón (COE = 0.13 ± 0.16) and Dragonera.
Wave metrics were more accurate than for the wind fields. The integrated Hs COE was 0.52±0.12 and Tm02 COE was 0.36±0.14. At the central coast, Hs has presented good metrics: low MB (-0.06 ± 0.08 m) and high COE (0.58 ± 0.11). The northern coast metrics were the most stable.
The newly developed risk module has been implemented at 79 beaches. Erosion has been estimated as a bounded cost, whereas flooding as a high upside cost. Dissipative beaches tend to exhibit higher costs than reflective beaches under high sea levels. Tr,waves < 10 yrs events joint with storm-surges can lead to significant damage costs. The estimated losses for the N-15 event (2510·10^3 euros) do not differ excessively from J-17 (3200·10^3 euros).
Two types of QDM have been numerically tested: (i) sand dunes and (ii) geotextile detached breakwaters. The benefits from maintaining the sand volumes outperform the flooding cost reduction. In general terms, the detached breakwater can be a suitable option for beaches in an intermediate morphodynamic state against low to moderate sea levels and high wave return periods. At dissipative beaches, dunes are the best option, but they require a minimum beach width (around 30 m) that ensures their lifetime.
QDM functionality can be enhanced with compatible long-term actions (nourishments, sand bypasses, submerged vegetation, etc.). A healthy beach state is paramount for the QDM effectiveness. A higher sustainable management under present and future climate can be reached with the joint combination of (i) CEWS as a short-term forecasting tool; (ii) QDM that mitigate storm impacts and (iii) long-term interventions that improves the beach health.La acción de los temporales de mar es uno de los procesos litorales más complejos, con profundas implicaciones en la gestión del litoral. A lo largo de la línea de costa catalana, 190 km están sometidos a erosión y/o inundación. Cerca de un millón de personas viven en áreas potencialmente afectadas. La tradición en ingeniería y gestión costera han sido intervenciones reactivas. Esta tesis propone una estrategia pre-tormenta que fomente una serie de medidas eco-compatibles, denominadas Medidas de Acción Rápida (MAR). Las intervenciones pre-tormenta requieren predecir el estado post-temporal de la costa. Por tanto, el principal objetivo de esta tesis es evaluar el riesgo costero episódico mediante un Sistema de Alarma Temprana Costero (CEWS), denominado LIM-COPAS, que predice las peligrosidades costeras más relevantes en dicha área. LIM-COPAS consiste de cuatro módulos: (i) modelo meteorológico; (ii) código de generación/propagación del oleaje; (iii) modelo acoplado morfo-hidrodinámico y (iv) un módulo de riesgo vía modelos probabilísticos multivariantes y no-estacionarios. El comportamiento de estos módulos ha sido analizado mediante (i) una serie de eventos pasados y (ii) temporales sintéticos. Los eventos pasados han sido: Diciembre 2008 (D-08); Octubre 2015 (O-15); Noviembre 2015 (N-15); Enero 2016 (J-16); Febrero 2016 (F-16); Diciembre 2016 (D-16) y Enero 2017 (J-17). En D-08, los errores en los parámetros espectrales de oleaje costero han sido casi el doble que en mar abierto. El error ha sido del 20% en la hidrodinámica y del 50% en la morfodinámica. La respuesta post-temporal ha sido reproducida aceptablemente, con Brier Skill Score cercanos a 0.4. LIM-COPAS ha demostrado buena precisión con tormentas de alto período de retorno (i.e. Tr,waves _ 10 yrs, D-16 y J-17), pero menor concordancia fue encontrada para las tormentas moderadas (i.e. O-15 y F-16). El módulo meteorológico estimó campos de viento que fueron sistemáticamente sobreestimados. El Sesgo Medio (MB) integrado fue de −1,52 ± 0,78 m/s. Tarragona (Coeficiente de Eficiencia, COE = 0,27±0,13) y Begur (COE = 0,29±0,17) tuvieron métricas por encima de la media (COE = 0,24±0,14); no obstante, peor ajuste se encontró en Mahón (COE = 0,13 ± 0,16) y Dragonera. Las métricas de oleaje fueron más precisas que las del viento. Hs COE integrada fue 0,52±0,12 y Tm02 COE fue 0,36±0,14. En la costa central, Hs presentó buenas métricas: bajo MB (−0,06 ± 0,08 m) y alto COE (0,58 ± 0,11). Las métricas en la costa norte fueron las más estables. El módulo de riesgo ha sido implementado en 79 playas. La erosión se ha estimado como un coste acotado, mientras que la inundación como un coste con alta cota superior. Las playas disipativas tienden a exhibir mayores costes que las playas reflejantes bajo altos niveles del mar. Episodios con Tr,waves _ 10yrs, concomitantes a mareas meteorológicas pueden conllevar costes significantes. Las pérdidas estimadas para N-15 (2510 · 103euros) no difieren en exceso de J-17 (3200 · 103 euros). Dos tipos de MAR han sido testeadas numéricamente: (i) dunas y (ii) diques exentos constituídos por geotextiles llenos de arena. Los beneficios de mantener estables los volúmenes de arena superan la reducción de los costes por inundación. En términos generales, los diques exentos pueden ser una opción adecuada para playas de estado morfodinámico intermedio frente a oleaje de alto período de retorno y niveles del mar bajos a moderados. En playas disipativas, las dunas son la mejor opción, pero requieren un ancho mínimo de playa (cerca de 30 m) que garantice su vida útil. La funcionalidad de las MAR puede mejorarse mediante acciones compatibles a largo-plazo (alimentaciones, bypass de arena, vegetación sumergida, etc.). Un estado de playa saludable es esencial para la efectividad de las MAR. Una gestión más sostenible bajo clima presente y futuro puede ser alcanzada mediante (i) CEWS como herramienta de predicción a corto plazo; (ii) MAR que mitiguen los impactos de los temporales y (iii) intervenciones a largo-plazo que mejoren la salud de la costa.
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Norman, Barbara, i barbara norman@canberra edu au. "Integrated coastal management to sustainable coastal planning". RMIT University. Global Studies, Social Science and Planning, 2010. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20100304.120627.
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Integrated coastal management (ICM) has been the basis for coastal planning and management since the 1970s. The theory and practice of ICM is based on the premise that increased integration of planning and management in the coastal zone will lead to improved environmental and social outcomes for the coast. In the context of global and national trends, this thesis examines the application of ICM in three place-based coastal case studies in Victoria: the Gippsland Lakes, Point Nepean and the Geelong region. The particular focus is on the twin challenges of coastal urbanisation and the impacts of climate change. Through a wide range of applied research techniques including focus groups, the research explores the pressures, issues, impacts and implications for ICM and beyond. The case studies point to a number of important implications for ICM and identify opportunities for a more sustainable approach to coastal planning. In reviewing the research findings, a set of five steps and six principles are proposed to respond to policy failures and provide for a transition to more sustainable coastal planning in Victoria. The five steps involve expanding the theory of ICM to be outcome based and regional in its approach to coastal planning and management. In the context of climate change, a more adaptive and systems approach has been incorporated along with recognising the even greater importance of community engagement in coastal planning processes during a period of increased uncertainty and change. The principal instrument for change is a tripartite intergovernmental agreement on sustainable coastal planning underpinned by a set of six principles. These include: agreed and shared outcomes for the coastal environment to facilitate horizontal and vertical integration; an adaptive and systems approach integrating science and urban planning drawing on experience and knowledge in both disciplines; incorporation of the shared outcomes and an adaptive approach into urban and regio nal planning systems for local implementation; regional governance arrangements for integration of policy outcomes and community involvement; capacity building for sustainable coastal planning including interdisciplinary research and community education and long term monitoring and evaluation. The transition from ICM to sustainable coastal planning does not discard ICM but rather incorporates its strengths and adapts the concept to meet the twin challenges of coastal urbanisation and climate change. Further research questions are posed to indicate how the research findings could be further developed as part of a future coastal research agenda. The research findings seek to make a contribution to the theory and practice of ICM to build a pathway to coastal planning for the benefit of our coast and future generations.
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Hassan, Meor Hakif Amir. "Sedimentary facies and sequences stratigraphy : Miocene coastal and coastal plain depostional systems, balingian province, sarawak". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529350.
Pełny tekst źródłaKsiążki na temat "Coastal systemss"
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Carter, Bill (R. W. G.). Coastal environments: An introduction to the physical, ecological, and cultural systems of coastlines. London: Academic Press, 1988.
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Short, Andrew D. Australian Coastal Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14294-0.
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Wright, Dawn J. Coastal informatics: Web atlas design and implementation. Hershey PA: Information Science Reference, 2010.
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Morales, Juan A., red. The Spanish Coastal Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93169-2.
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Schubert, Hendrik, i Felix Müller, red. Southern Baltic Coastal Systems Analysis. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13682-5.
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Carter, Bill. Coastal environments: An introduction to the physical, ecological and cultural systems of coastlines. London: Academic Press, 1988.
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Carter, Bill. Coastal environments: An introduction to the physical, ecological, and cultural systems of coastlines. London: Academic Press, 1989.
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Green, David R., i Stephen D. King, red. Coastal and Marine Geo-Information Systems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48002-6.
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1961-, Wright Dawn J., i Bartlett Darius J. 1955-, red. Marine and coastal geographical information systems. London: Taylor & Francis, 2000.
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Meeting, Unesco/SCOR/IABO Consultative Panel on Coastal Systems. Research on coastal marine systems: Report of the Third Meeting of the Unesco/SCOR/IABO Consultative Panel on Coastal Systems, October 1984. Paris: Unesco, 1986.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Coastal systemss"
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Scheffers, Anja M., i Dieter H. Kelletat. "Coastal Lake Systems". W Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 488–501. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_371.
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Purser, Bruce H. "Coastal Evaporite Systems". W Hypersaline Ecosystems, 72–102. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70290-7_7.
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Scheffers, Anja M., i Dieter H. Kelletat. "Coastal Lake Systems". W Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48657-4_371-1.
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Ghirardi, Nicola, Mariano Bresciani, Giulia Luciani, Gianfranco Fornaro, Virginia Zamparelli, Francesca De Santi, Giacomo De Carolis i Claudia Giardino. "Mapping of the risk of coastal erosion for two case studies: Pianosa island (Tuscany) and Piscinas (Sardinia)". W Proceedings e report, 713–22. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.71.
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This study focuses on the use of remote sensing to generate coastal erosion risk maps for Pianosa Island (Tuscany) and Piscinas dune system (Sardinia). The method made use of both ancillary and satellite data (Sentinel-2), in addition to SAR images (COSMO SkyMed and Sentinel-1B). TOA radiance products were atmospherically corrected and processed using Sen2Coral and BOMBER in order to map different marine substrates and bathymetry. The coastal erosion risk maps have been generated based on these output and the results confirm that the coasts of these sites don’t have coastal erosion problems.
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de Abreu Paula, Jorge Eduardo, Jáder Onofre de Morais, Elisabeth Mary de Carvalho Baptista, Maria Luzineide Gomes i Lidriana de Souza Pinheiro. "Piauí Beach Systems". W Coastal Research Library, 153–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30394-9_6.
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White, I. D., D. N. Mottershead i S. J. Harrison. "The coastal system". W Environmental Systems, 357–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0435-7_16.
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Grigatti, Gianluca, i Pier Paolo Peruccio. "Il design sistemico per la valorizzazione del patrimonio faristico italiano". W Proceedings e report, 79–84. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.09.
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This paper focuses on the Mediterranean coastal monitoring actors (i.e. maritime signaling instruments) such as lighthouses, lights, traffic lights. A twofold motivation behind this choice: on the one hand the 110th anniversary - that will be celebrated in 2021 - of the transfer of the management of the lighting service of the coasts from Italian Ministry of Public Works to the Navy. On the other hand, the willing to illustrate how the Systemic Design methodology can represent a strategic element for the enhancement of a coastal Cultural Heritage such as the one represented by lighthouses.
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Klein, Antonio Henrique da F., i Andrew D. Short. "Brazilian Beach Systems: Introduction". W Coastal Research Library, 1–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30394-9_1.
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Klein, Antonio Henrique da F., Andrew D. Short i Jarbas Bonetti. "Santa Catarina Beach Systems". W Coastal Research Library, 465–506. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30394-9_17.
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Kiker, G. A., R. Muñoz-Carpena, N. Ranger, M. Kiker i I. Linkov. "Adaptation in Coastal Systems". W Climate, 375–400. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1770-1_20.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Coastal systemss"
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Etri, Talal, Ghazi Al-Rawas, Ahmad Sana i Mohammad Reza Nikoo. "Numerical Simulation of Climate Change Impacts on the Coast of Oman". W The 2nd International Conference on Civil Infrastructure and Construction. Qatar University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/cic.2023.0151.
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It is well known that there is an apparent increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events, such as tropical cyclones (IPCC, 2023). This will lead to a significant effect not just on the infrastructure and the economic activities but also on the coastal environments. On the other hand, an increase in the population along the coastal areas in such a country as the Sultanate of Oman will also increase the risk and the hazard. It has been noticed extremely heavy rainfall during the most recent tropical cyclone, Shaheen (October 3 2021). It is also recorded along the Omani coast's extremely high waves during this storm event. Some other tropical cyclones in the past also indicated an essential effect on the Omani coast (Shawky et al., 2021). In this regard, the development of a fundamental understanding of the hydrodynamic behaviour along the coastal system during these events has been necessary. Moreover, the tropical cyclone track and wind speeds have been recorded only for a few temporal spans. This leads to better reliable estimations of such a kind of event. The state-of-the-art process-based numerical model will be utilized to hind cast the hydrodynamic developments from several tropical cyclone events along the Omani coast. A well-calibrated and validated flow model has been set up using Deft3D, a world leader's software (Lesser et al., 2004). Furthermore, the impact of wind-induced waves has been investigated using the SWAN wave model (Booij et al., 1999; Ris et al., 1999). In this paper, four well-known tropical cyclones in the Indian Ocean will be simulated. The four tropical cyclones were selected due to their historical significance and the amount of destruction they caused on the Omani coast. The investigation results showed significant tropical cyclones' effects on the Omani coasts due to their intensity and the cyclones' pattern. Overall, the numerical models that are showing good descriptions of climate change can be valuable tools for comprehending and predicting the influences of climate change on the Omani coast and can be employed to support in the decision-making.
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Chagas, F. M., B. R. F. Rachid, B. G. Ambrosio, A. A. Luz, C. B. Gramcianinov, P. F. Serrao, R. Camargo i E. Siegle. "Assessment of Wind and Wave High-Resolution Forecasts During High-Energy Weather Events in the Brazilian Coast". W ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-62030.
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Abstract We present a high-resolution metocean forecast model (Aimar), which provides 24/7 results for the Brazilian coast. The model integrates global model boundary conditions and detailed coastal models, especially for complex geometry areas near ports and major coastal cities. The aim of this paper is to assess the forecast reliability and to present model data compared to in-situ measurements under high energy weather events. Mean wind velocity and direction were investigated during the occurrence of an extratropical cyclone near Brazilian coast. The model has been assessed by comparing its results to two specific events, one for winds and one for waves. Results of the tested wind event show that Aimar results predict the high energy winds in advance of 5 days, while NCEP’s Global Forecast System Ensemble (GFSe) predicted the same event in advance of 2–3 days, for the region of Santos city. Results of the tested wave event show that Aimar forecasts properly represent the wave propagation for complex geometry coasts. The high-resolution coastal model could predict the nearshore state of sea agitation caused by the passage of a cold front. Model agreement with in-situ wave measurements adjacent to Rio de Janeiro-RJ city were considered Excellent and Good, according to statistical parameters R and RMAE. These results show that high-resolution coastal forecast models can be applied to increase the efficiency, resource uses and reduce the risks for marine operations and engineering works.
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Davydov, Oleksiy, Alexander Stoyan, Alexander Murkalov i Vasyli Chaus. "RESULTS OF AN EXPERIMENT ON THE CREATION OF AN ARTIFICIAL AEOLIAN FORM ALONG THE SEA COAST OF THE KINBURNSKA-POKROVSKA-DOVHIY COASTAL BARRIER, BLACK SEA". W 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s26.58.
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Global climate changes, sea level rising, storm activity intensification, and increasing anthropogenic pressure are causing the activation of destructive processes along the coasts of the World Ocean. The corresponding processes are appeared at the most dangerous rates within the coastal barriers. Within the Black Sea, the total length of coastal barriers is 990 km, 703 km of which are within Ukraine. Corresponding barriers develop in conditions of active wave action and a general deficit of sediments. The maximum height of the relevany formations does not exceed 2.0 � 2.5 m, and the width is 200 � 250 m. The given barriers� morphometry does not contribute to the formation within their limits of large-scale coastal eolian forms, which perform the function of reserve sediments accumulation, protect and stabilize the coast. Accordingly, it is important to study the natural conditions of the Black Sea coastal barriers in order to determine the prospects for the implementation of natural coastal protection. The relevant studies were conducted within the KinburnskaPokrovska-Dovhiy barrier. The research aim is to determine the suitability of the Kinburnska-Pokrovska-Dovhiy coastal barrier natural conditions for the controlled creation of an artificial foredune as an element of the natural coastal protection system. Following research objectives would facilitate the achievement of this aim: - identifying the natural features of the researched barrier; - investigating the experience of previous works on the creation of artificial foredune; - analyzing the previous results on the creation of an artificial aeolian form; - determining the prospects for the creation of artificial aeolian forms within the Black Sea coastal barriers. The research object is the coastal zone of the Kinburnska-Pokrovska-Dovhiy coastal barrier. The research subject is the analysis of the experiment results on the creation of an artificial aeolian form, as a justification for the implementation of natural coastal protection.
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Turco, Maria Grazia. "Il sistema difensivo dello Stato Pontificio sul versante tirrenico. Nuovi aggiornamenti storici e architettonici per una conservazione compatibile". W FORTMED2024 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2024.2024.17905.
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The essay analyzes the ‘various landscapes’ of the coastal system in the Lazio territory, perceived as a resource, seen as a set of elements settled over time. The proposed research aims to deepen, through some consecutive phases, the anthropization process of the coastal areas. This whole includes various complexes to be safeguarded by a protection program, based on a unitary projectable to include the various and ‘different’ systems of the territory – environmental, landscape, architectural – now closely related to each other in determining the characteristics and quality of the present layout. For their sustainable use i.a. process of knowledge and reading capable is needed in order to re-connect the various places and the various elements to base on History the actions of the present, highlighting historical and artistic connections and instances, in some cases, difficulty to read. The essay analyzes the defensive system of the Lazio coast, along the coastal area of the Tyrrhenian Sea, along the formal Papal State. The historical defensive system, characterized by a compact set of coastal towers, which for century – from the 9th to the 18th century – constituted the defense against raids from the sea, has a main significance. These architectures, dismantled during the second half of the nineteenth century, still represent important historical, architectural and constructive events. Actually, along the Lazio coast, from North to South, there are about 30 towers: some still intact others in state of ruins.
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Georgieva, Marina. "UML USE CASE MODEL OF GEODETIC ACTIVITIES IN RELATION TO THE ACT ON THE BLACK SEA COAST SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT IN BULGARIA". W 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/2.1/s09.34.
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According to the Bulgarian legislation, the boundaries of the specialized objects of the Black Sea coast - sea beaches, coastal and coastal protection systems and facilities, coastal lakes, lagoons, limanas and wetlands, as well as sand dunes are determined by direct geodetic measurements and are reflected in the cadastral map and the property register, i.e. specialized maps and a specialized register shall be drawn up in accordance with a by-law (ordinance) on the conditions and procedure for the commissioning, creation and maintenance of the latter. The aim of this paper is to present the UML Use Case Model in order to standardize the geodetic activities in the production of specialized maps, register and information system of the above mentioned specialized objects of the Black Sea coast. The created UML Use Case Model contains the necessary Use Case diagrams that: align the definitions and ways of delimitation; the obligations of the administrative bodies to perform actions and to provide information and data; the content, creation and acceptance of the specialized maps and registers; the procedures and conditions for maintaining and updating the specialized maps and registers in a current state and for providing services from them.
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Kantarzhi, Izmail, Izmail Kantarzhi, Mark Zheleznyak, Mark Zheleznyak, Igor Leont’yev i Igor Leont’yev. "MODELING AND MONITORING OF THE PROCESSES IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF IMERETINKA LOWLAND, BLACK SEA, SOCHI". W Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b943667afd8.23141830.
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The interest to study the processes in the Imeretinka lowland increases in the last years due the few reasons. The main structures of so-called “coastal cluster” of Olympic Games 2014 built in this area. Some of planned structures effected significantly the coastal processes; they are the seaport near the river Mzimta mouth and coastal protection. The natural coastal processes in the area complicated by the effects of the underwater canyons. The natural-technogenic system requires the study with using the methods of modeling and monitoring. Wave climate of Imeretinka lowland coast estimated based on long-term data of meteorological fields above Black Sea with modeling of wave transformation in nearshore zone by the gentle slope equations. Such approach provides possibilities to assess the effect of the designed coastal protection structures on the changes of the wave parameters in nearshore zone. Numerical modeling of currents in the Black Sea using 3D circulation model with refinement in the region of canyons of the Imeretinka coast obtained. To estimate the sediment transport, 3D Lagrangian multifraction sediment transport model LagrSed is used. 2D flow fields, free-surface level and wave characteristics calculated, using 2D hydrodynamic model of the coastal zone. It has presented the few years story of modeling and monitoring of the coastal processes with the important lessons.
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Kantarzhi, Izmail, Izmail Kantarzhi, Mark Zheleznyak, Mark Zheleznyak, Igor Leont’yev i Igor Leont’yev. "MODELING AND MONITORING OF THE PROCESSES IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF IMERETINKA LOWLAND, BLACK SEA, SOCHI". W Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431540e777.
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The interest to study the processes in the Imeretinka lowland increases in the last years due the few reasons. The main structures of so-called “coastal cluster” of Olympic Games 2014 built in this area. Some of planned structures effected significantly the coastal processes; they are the seaport near the river Mzimta mouth and coastal protection. The natural coastal processes in the area complicated by the effects of the underwater canyons. The natural-technogenic system requires the study with using the methods of modeling and monitoring. Wave climate of Imeretinka lowland coast estimated based on long-term data of meteorological fields above Black Sea with modeling of wave transformation in nearshore zone by the gentle slope equations. Such approach provides possibilities to assess the effect of the designed coastal protection structures on the changes of the wave parameters in nearshore zone. Numerical modeling of currents in the Black Sea using 3D circulation model with refinement in the region of canyons of the Imeretinka coast obtained. To estimate the sediment transport, 3D Lagrangian multifraction sediment transport model LagrSed is used. 2D flow fields, free-surface level and wave characteristics calculated, using 2D hydrodynamic model of the coastal zone. It has presented the few years story of modeling and monitoring of the coastal processes with the important lessons.
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Stokmane, Maija, Anita Lontone-Ievina i Raimonds Ernsteins. "Municipal integrated coastal governance approach: complimentary disciplinary instruments and collaboration pre-conditions". W 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.022.
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Municipal coastal governance practice also in Latvia has various limitations, and taking into account growing climate change adaptation challenges, new understanding and new approaches are to be studied and tested. Overall study frame is based on research-and-development approach. The aim of the research was to study how municipal coastal governance is functioning in practice, particularly, in the relation to the coastal dune protection zones (150/300 m) and further coastal territory behind that, applying whole list of governance instrument groups – political/legal, planning, and especially institutional instruments, also financial, infrastructure and, last but not least, coastal communication instruments. This was done via research-and-governance frame of the three coastal governance dimensions – governance content, stakeholders (governance segments) and governance instruments, realized in Jurmala municipality as especially nature-culture rich and due to tourist attraction also sensitive coastal pilot territory at the Latvia coast. Case study research methodology applied (document studies, observation and stakeholder’s interviews) were approving pre-study understanding, based on previous coastal governance studies, that also this territory with international coastal resort status and well developed municipal administration capacities have limited success on integrated coastal management (ICM) approach implementation and, subsequently, there are requirements on further development of disciplinary instruments and also collaboration governance as ICM preconditions. An integrated ICM approach was internationally designed and approved also for EU coastal countries, since comprehensive requirement to manage the adequate governance of the coast as complex socio-ecological system, but old shaped long existing traditional disciplinary/branch approaches of former and formal municipal planning and management does not really permit necessary innovations with cross-sectorial and cross-level integration perspectives. However, also orientation towards re-use and/or re-development of disciplinary ICM instruments, especially, to be designed and realized as complementary as possible and collaboration governance developments shall be seen as necessary pre-conditions for ICM adequate development.
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Rouco Collazo, Jorge, i José Mª Martín Civantos. "Análisis espacial del sistema defensivo de la costa granadina en época nazarí y su transformación tras la conquista castellana". W FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11351.
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Spatial analysis of Kingdom of Granada’s coastal defensive system in Nasrid period and its transformation after the Castilian conquestThe coast of the Kingdom of Granada was a border of importance in Nasrid times and it was also a zone to be protected after the Castilian conquest, mostly against piracy. To control the sea, the successive rulers would build a system of fortresses and watchtowers. The objective of this paper is to apply spatial analysis to the defense system of the southern coasts of Granada and Almeria from the fifteenth to seventeenth century, focusing in its evolution. To achieve this objective, we will use historical documentation and archaeological record as main data for the spatial analysis carried out by a GIS software, mainly visibility and distribution. With this approach we expect to add new insights to this topic and stablish a base for further research and comparison with other neighboring areas of the Kingdom of Granada.
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Roy, Joyashree, Joyashree Roy, Satabdi Datta, Satabdi Datta, Preeti Kapuria, Preeti Kapuria, Indrila Guha i in. "COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AND CHANGING ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION". W Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9499474bf5.93776083.
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The wide variety of economic activities, which prevail along the coasts, has either direct or indirect connectivity with the coastal ecosystems through its provisioning of a diverse range of goods and services. However, these systems are permanently under pressure due to natural and anthropogenic threats. This field based study documents the changing pattern of economic activities along selected coastal stretches in South Asia at Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Economic activities vary with coastal ecosystem types and service flows there from. Field study sites were identified based on multiple meetings and discussions with the policy makers in each of the countries and they continued to be the part of scientific discussions within ecology-economy framework through the project lifetime. In depth enquiry and analysis were carried out to understand perception of various economic stakeholder groups to natural and anthropogenic threats in the coastal regions and resultant vulnerability and risks. Often threats get intensified by rapid urbanization triggered by changing pattern of coastal economy due to tourism expansion and modernization of traditional activities.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Coastal systemss"
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Torres, Marissa, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo i Alexandros Taflanidis. Rapid tidal reconstruction for the Coastal Hazards System and StormSim part II : Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41482.
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This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) describes the continuing efforts towards incorporating rapid tidal time-series reconstruction and prediction capabilities into the Coastal Hazards System (CHS) and the Stochastic Storm Simulation System (StormSim). The CHS (Nadal-Caraballo et al. 2020) is a national effort for the quantification of coastal storm hazards, including a database and web tool (https://chs.erdc.dren.mil) for the deployment of results from the Probabilistic Coastal Hazard Analysis (PCHA) framework. These PCHA products are developed from regional studies such as the North Atlantic Coast Comprehensive Study (NACCS) (Nadal-Caraballo et al. 2015; Cialone et al. 2015) and the ongoing South Atlantic Coast Study (SACS). The PCHA framework considers hazards due to both tropical and extratropical cyclones, depending on the storm climatology of the region of interest. The CHS supports feasibility studies, probabilistic design of coastal structures, and flood risk management for coastal communities and critical infrastructure. StormSim (https://stormsim.erdc.dren.mil) is a suite of tools used for statistical analysis and probabilistic modeling of historical and synthetic storms and for stochastic design and other engineering applications. One of these tools, the Coastal Hazards Rapid Prediction System (CHRPS) (Torres et al. 2020), can perform rapid prediction of coastal storm hazards, including real-time hurricane-induced flooding. This CHETN discusses the quantification and validation of the Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) tidal constituent database (Szpilka et al. 2016) and the tidal reconstruction program Unified Tidal analysis (UTide) (Codiga 2011) in the Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands (PR/USVI) coastal regions. The new methodology discussed herein will be further developed into the Rapid Tidal Reconstruction (RTR) tool within the StormSim and CHS frameworks.
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Sanchez, Alex, i Honghai Li. Coastal Modeling System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada622107.
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Fox, Daniel N. Relocatable Coastal Modeling System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630769.
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Psuty, Norbert, Tanya Silveira, Andrea Habeck, Dennis Skidds, Sara Stevens, Katy Ames i Glenn Liu. Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network geomorphological monitoring protocol: Part II ? coastal topography, version 2. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301966.
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Coastal topography was ranked as one of the most important variables for monitoring following a review of potential vital signs in the coastal parks of the Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network (NCBN). Changes in coastal topography, whether caused by erosion or accretion, vary both spatially and temporally. Understanding these variations is key to early recognition of potential problems affecting natural and cultural resources in coastal parks. For managers, understanding spatial and temporal patterns of geomorphologic change is basic to optimal management of any coastal park because the interface of marine and land systems 1) is highly dynamic and driven by multiple forcing mechanisms, 2) results in alterations to resource patterns and dynamics at habitat and ecosystem levels, and 3) can eventually result in the loss of static resources. The establishment of local, long-term monitoring programs help us to understand the processes that are driving coastal change of beaches, dunes, and bluffs within the parks. This Coastal Topography Monitoring Protocol has been developed for use in the Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network parks. Monitoring is accomplished with survey-grade Global Positioning System (GPS)/Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) equipment that collects topographic data along pre-established transects spaced at regular intervals, augmented by more intense data-collection in areas of special concern to the parks. A network of high-quality survey control monuments (often referred to as benchmarks), used as accuracy assessment reference is located within each of the NCBN parks, providing a robust basis for long-term monitoring. Spring and/or fall surveys conducted in accordance with standard operating procedures generate coastal topography datasets that are organized and assembled by the NCBN data manager into a database for analysis and archival purposes. Dimensional parameters are measured to describe the beach-dune-bluff system, and attributes are compared and analyzed in a cross-shore and alongshore perspective, providing information about the temporal and spatial changes on beach-dune-bluff morphologies in the parks. The overall goal is to create a replicable means of data gathering that is efficient, adheres to scientific principles, and meets the management needs of the coastal parks.
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Fox-Lent, Cate, i Julie D. Rosati. Concepts of Resilience for Coastal Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, listopad 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1001634.
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Nadal-Caraballo, Norberto C., Madison C. Yawn, Luke A. Aucoin, Meredith L. Carr, Jeffrey A. Melby, Efrain Ramos-Santiago, Victor M. Gonzalez i in. Coastal Hazards System–Louisiana (CHS-LA). US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45286.
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The US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) expanded the Coastal Hazards System (CHS) to quantify storm surge and wave hazards for coastal Louisiana. The CHS Louisiana (CHS-LA) coastal study was sponsored by the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) and the New Orleans District (MVN), US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to support Louisiana’s critical coastal infrastructure and to ensure the effectiveness of coastal storm risk management projects. The CHS-LA applied the CHS Probabilistic Coastal Hazard Analysis (PCHA) framework to quantify tropical cyclone (TC) responses, leveraging new atmospheric and hydrodynamic numerical model simulations of synthetic TCs developed explicitly for the Louisiana region. This report focuses on documenting the PCHA conducted for the CHS-LA, including details related to the characterization of storm climate, storm sampling, storm recurrence rate estimation, marginal distributions, correlation and dependence structure of TC atmospheric-forcing parameters, development of augmented storm suites, and assignment of discrete storm weights to the synthetic TCs. As part of CHS-LA, coastal hazards were estimated within the study area for annual exceedance frequencies (AEFs) over the range of 10 yr-1 to 1×10-4 yr-1.
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Weidemann, Alan, i Kimberley Davis-Lunde. Ocean Response Coastal Analysis System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, styczeń 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada516312.
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Weidemann, Alan, i Kimberley Davis-Lunde. Ocean Response Coastal Analysis System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628202.
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Weidemann, Alan, i Kimberley Davis-Lunde. Ocean Response Coastal Analysis System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629157.
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Fox, Daniel N. Relocatable Shipboard Coastal Modeling System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada634725.
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