Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „CO2 emission mitigation”
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Ari, Izzet. "Investigating The Co2 Emission Of Turkish Electricity Sector And Its Mitigation Potential". Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611571/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaAvner, Paolo. "Effectiveness and Political Economy of Climate Change Mitigation Policies at the Urban Scale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0022.
Pełny tekst źródłaUrbanization is one of the most defining traits of the 21st century with people flocking to cities in massive numbers in developing countries. Given the inertia and path dependence that urban forms display, there is a strong need to get urbanization right today. One key aspect is to ensure low-carbon and sustainable urban futures and avoid carbon-intensive lock-ins, in particular for emissions stemming from urban transport. Technology in the form of more efficient vehicles and alternative fuels currently does not seem to be able to achieve this goal alone. And as urban transport CO2 emissions are partially a by-product of urban forms; land-use, housing and transport policies are increasingly recognized as important levers to curb transport demand and promote soft and collective transport modes which contribute to emission mitigation.However important, reducing CO2 emissions is but one of city policy makers’ objectives: acting on poverty, providing basic services and access to affordable housing to name a few are equally important. So that policies aiming to reduce emissions, that would jeopardize other goals or result in lower welfare levels (mainly through higher housing costs) have low chances of being accepted and implemented. Successful urban-transport climate policies need to be both effective and politically acceptable.Starting from this assessment, this dissertation investigates how a subset of urban, land and transport policies and investments can contribute to curb transport-related CO2 emissions and what are the welfare consequences for households in urban areas. This is done through the development, calibration and application of a micro-economically founded land use – transport model (NEDUM-2D) to real-world urban areas
Traut, Michael. "Quantifying CO2 emissions from shipping and the mitigation potential of wind power technology". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/quantifying-co2-emissions-from-shipping-and-the-mitigation-potential-of-wind-power-technology(72bcd198-578d-408f-b3cd-67047229dd3b).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaGrönkvist, Stefan. "All CO2 molecules are equal, but some CO2 molecules are more equal than others". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-452.
Pełny tekst źródłaQC 20101015
Joelsson, Jonas. "On Swedish bioenergy strategies to reduce CO2 emissions and oil use". Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik och hållbar utveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-13868.
Pełny tekst źródłaNavarrete, Encinales Diego Alejandro. "Improving estimates of CO2 emissions under REDD+ in the Colombian Amazon : better understanding for climate change mitigation". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21871.
Pełny tekst źródłaKilkis, Siir. "A Rational Exergy Management Model to Curb CO2 Emissions in the Exergy-Aware Built Environments of the Future". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-42469.
Pełny tekst źródłaQC 20111014
Morales, Lagunes Itzel. "Climate change impacts and mitigation : reducing CO2 emissions from the freight transport sector : lessons for Mexico from the UK experience and future policy". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2902.
Pełny tekst źródłaCalverley, Dan. "Cumulative emissions reduction in the UK passenger car sector through near-term interventions in technology and use". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cumulative-emissions-reduction-in-the-uk-passenger-car-sector-through-nearterm-interventions-in-technology-and-use(686e7c51-432b-4a0b-83f1-a1b127e1e5c3).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoly, Mohamed. "Essays on foreign aid, political cycles and environmental degradation". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAD014.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe observed effects of climate change over the last decades highlight the urgency of mobilizing enough resources to slow it down and mitigate its effects. In the case of developing countries, some suggest that development aid has an important role to play. However, the political ambitions of decision-makers should not be in competition with environmental ones. This thesis examines the existing links between foreign aid, political cycles and environmental degradation, through three empirical chapters. Chapter 2 studies the link between foreign aid and CO2 mitigation in 112 developing countries. It shows that the effect of aid depends on the donor, with multilateral aid more likely to reduce pollution than bilateral aid for which there is no effect. Nevertheless, a bilateral aid specifically targeted toward environment contributes to decrease the level of pollution. This later impact is non-linear, a pollution-reducing effect is only observed for important amounts of environmental bilateral aid. Chapter 3 studies the factors associated with environmental bilateral aid to recipient countries over the 1990-2013 period. The objective is to assess whether the environmental bilateral aid is motivated by non-environmental factors such as donors’ economic and political interests. Three kind of variables that might influence environmental aid allocation are examined: the environmental and non-environmental needs and merits of recipient countries, and the economic and political interests of donors. Environmental needs and merits variables include vulnerability to extreme climate events and the stringency of climate policy. The results show that while vulnerability to climate change seems to be a key determinant of environmental aid, its allocation is poorly linked to recipients’ climate mitigation policies. It finds weak evidence of association between donors’ interest variables and environmental aid on average. However, an heterogeneity analysis allows to go deeper into all the relations above, and unveils that some donors are more sensitive to environmental variables, while others rather seem focused on their economic and political interests. Chapter 4 explores how elections impact climate change policy and environmental degradation, using a sample of 76 democratic countries from 1990 to 2014. The findings indicate election years are characterized by an increase in CO2 emissions, even though the effect weakens over the recent years. It also reveals that this effect is present only in established democracies, where incumbents engage in fiscal manipulation through the composition of public spending rather than its level. Higher freedom of the press and high environmental preferences from citizens reduce the size of this “political pollution cycle”
Jönsson, Ellen, i Gilbert Gullberg. "Decarbonization of Freight Transport at a Manufacturing Company : A Case Study of the International Manufacturer Rosemount Tank Radar AB". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178015.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrohe, Arnaud. "Réalisations et limites des marchés du carbone: évaluation et perspectives". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209301.
Pełny tekst źródłaUne hypothèse forte des marchés du carbone dotés d’un système de plafonnement est qu’ils permettraient de garantir le respect des objectifs climatiques. Cette hypothèse ne s’est pas révélée exacte. En générant plus d’un milliard de crédits, dont un nombre important de crédits issus de projets, et en ne parvenant pas à empêcher des défections, le système mis en place par le Protocole de Kyoto n’est pas parvenu à garantir le plafonnement des émissions dans les pays développés. Il en va de même pour les systèmes liés à Kyoto comme le système communautaire d'échange de quotas d'émissions (SCEQE).
Dans la plupart des configurations des règles ad hoc et peu transparentes ont nui à l’objectif environnemental. La comptabilité commune de différents gaz à effet de serre, malgré des incertitudes importantes sur les pouvoirs de réchauffement globaux a également été néfaste à l'intégrité du système.
Le lien à des mécanismes de projets trouvant leur légitimité dans une preuve de l’additionnalité souvent floue demeure problématique. Notre analyse a ainsi mis en avant la problématique de l'enregistrement de projets hydrauliques dont la décision de construction est antérieure aux marchés du carbone.
En théorie, le mécanisme d’échange a pour conséquence que les acteurs confrontés à des coûts de réduction faibles soient encouragés à réduire leurs émissions. Dans la pratique, notre analyse montre que peu d’acteurs connaissent leur coût de réduction marginal, empêchant dès lors la concrétisation de cet idéal d’une réduction au moindre coût. Nous avons aussi mis en avant le fait qu’un prix identique par tonne de CO2 réduite n’est pas adapté au soutien de technologies nouvelles, souvent plus onéreuses au début de leur cycle de développement.
Finalement, un des principaux mérites des marchés du carbone a peut-être été leur acceptabilité auprès des décideurs politiques et économiques. Il est manifeste que les marchés permettent d'internaliser le carbone à un niveau international sans passer par une difficile harmonisation des politiques fiscales. C'est clairement une des raisons de leur adoption rapide et dans de nombreux pays.
Les marchés du carbone ont aussi joué un rôle important en matière de sensibilisation aux changements climatiques. Ils ont permis de faire progresser la comptabilité carbone et la compréhension des technologies sobres en carbone.
L’effondrement récent du prix du carbone montre que ce nouvel instrument qui, en théorie, est efficace pour atteindre un objectif de réduction prédéfini, ne permet pas, dans la pratique, par manque d’ambition ou en raison d’erreurs dans la conception, de financer la transition vers une nouvelle économie sobre en carbone. Il apparaît dès lors nécessaire de réformer cet instrument mais aussi de développer progressivement des alternatives afin de ne pas uniquement faire reposer la réussite de l’atteinte des objectifs climatiques sur les seuls marchés du carbone et ainsi augmenter la résilience des politiques climatiques aux aléas de marchés financiers, par ailleurs eux-mêmes soumis à de nombreux tourments depuis 2008.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Raghuvanshi, Shiv Pratap. "Greenhouse gas (Co2) emission and mitigation from coal based thermal power generation". Thesis, 2008. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/3007.
Pełny tekst źródłaCosta, José Evaldo Geraldo. "Mass introduction of electric passenger vehicles in Brazil: impact assessment on energy use, climate mitigation and on charging infrastructure needs for several case studies". Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/83963.
Pełny tekst źródła"Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in urban China: process, trend and impact". 2013. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6115714.
Pełny tekst źródła首先,我們提出一個基於過程的“城市土地的定義,以表述城市土地動態變化的本質,并運用閾值方法成功提取所定義的“城市土地。我們運用多源的遙感數據,包括夜晚燈光影像,LandSat影像及Modis影像,分析城市化過程及相應的土地利用/覆蓋變化。總體而言,在過去25年間,中國城市用地擴張了3.8倍,農田和林地是城市土地擴張的主要來源。
其次,以經過校準的夜晚燈光數據作為指示變量,我們開發了一個自上而下的分解模型來估算城市尺度下化石燃料消耗導致的二氧化碳排放。在中國快速城市化的背景下,城市二氧化碳排放量占全國總排放量的比例大幅增加。與農村地區相比,由於較高的收入水平,生活方式的改變及更便利地獲得電力能源,中國城市的人均排放量遠高於全國平均量。這與發達國家的情景截然相反。另外,由於當地經濟規模和結構的影響,東部地區的人均碳排放量低於西部地區。結果還表明,快速增長的經濟和城市化是二氧化碳排放量增加的主要驅動力,且能源效率在2000年之後反而呈現增長趋势,也是促進二氧化碳排放量增加的主要原因。如果國家宣佈并嚴格執行更嚴格的可持續發展目標,則經濟結構及能源結構調整將在減碳方面發揮作用。
第三,本研究還根據儲存-變化方法,估算了城市系統的自然組成部份,也就是城市植被和土壤的碳儲存和釋放。結果表明,儲存於城市植被和土壤中碳量與城市化石燃料排放的碳量相當,且城市土壤是主要的碳庫,儲存了約93%的碳。隨著城市不斷擴張,由於大量自然植被被破壞,城市植被變成碳源并向大氣釋放碳;而城市土壤則變成碳庫,吸收了大氣中部份的二氧化碳。鑒於中國未來持續的城市化過程,該研究結果為城市管理者提供了科學依據,以通過提高城市植被和土壤的碳儲量,吸收部份化石燃料燃燒排放的二氧化碳。
最後,我們還運用格蘭傑檢驗分析小尺度氣候變量對二氧化碳增加的響應。結果表明,在中國城市化較低地區,氣溫與二氧化碳變化存在雙向格蘭傑因果關係;而在快速城市化地區,如東部沿海城市,僅存在氣溫變化導致二氧化碳排放量增加的單向格蘭傑因果關係。該研究首次在城市尺度解釋了氣候對二氧化碳增量的響應關係。總體而言,本論文綜合地探索了中國快速城市化背景下,城市人工及自然組成部份對二氧化碳排放量的共同貢獻。這些研究結果為當地政府建設低碳城市提供了科學依據和決策支持。
Urbanization is undoubtedly one of the most significant anthropogenic forces affecting global carbon cycle. Carbon storage and release through anthropogenic (e.g. energy consumption, building, waste) and natural components (e.g. urban vegetation and soil) are intrinsically coupled in urban areas. Both anthropogenic and natural components are equally important for understanding the carbon cycle in urban areas and have to be considered simultaneously. Present studies however mostly one-sided and primarily focus on anthropogenic emissions. Given the substantial scientific gaps, this study aims to build better knowledge on the contributions of urban areas to the increasing atmosphere CO₂ emissions at an urban scale, considering both anthropogenic and natural components simultaneously.
First, a process-based definition of urban areas is proposed to capture the inherent dynamics of urban areas, and a threshold technique is developed to map the defined urban areas in this study. Multi-sensor remotely sensed data are used to analyze the dynamic urbanization and related land use/cover conversions. Overall, urban areas have increased by 3.8 times over the studied period of 1985-2010. Croplands and forests are the major sources of the growing urban areas.
Second, taking calibrated nighttime light imagery as a proxy variable, we develop a top-down model to estimate fossil fuel CO₂ emissions on the urban scale. Driven by the rapid urbanization in China, the contributions of urban areas to the CO₂ emissions have increased substantially. In contrast to the developed counties, per capita CO₂ emissions in urban China are higher than the national average, due to higher income, change in lifestyle and easy access to electricity, whereas per capita CO₂ emissions in eastern China is lower than that in western China, due to the diverse scale and structure of local economy. Our analysis also reveals that the booming economy and urbanization are major drivers of the increasing fossil fuel CO₂ emissions, while the decoupling effect of energy efficiency reverses in the post-2000 period caused by the booming economy. It is foreseeable that economic reconstruction and energy structure would play a significant impact on carbon reduction if stricter environmental targets are released.
Third, carbon storage and change in natural components of urban areas, in particular, urban vegetation and soils, are also estimated in this study. A stock-change method is applied in this study. This study identifies that the amount of carbon storage in urban areas is comparable to that emitted from fossil fuel burning, and urban soils are the major carbon pools in urban areas. Along with urban expansions, urban vegetation becomes sources of carbon due to loss of biomass, whereas urban soils act as sinks of carbon because increasing urban areas enhance the carbon storage in them. Given the foreseeable urbanization in China, our study has implications for urban managers to enhance carbon storage through urban vegetation and soils, hence offsetting CO₂ emissions from fossil fuel burning.
Finally, a local temperature response to the increasing CO₂ in urban areas is analyzed by local Granger causality test. Bidirectional Granger causality presents between surface air temperature and carbon variables in less urbanized regions of China. In the rapid urbanization areas such as eastern coastal regions, only presents the Granger causality from surface air temperature to the fossil fuel CO₂ emissions. This is the first attempt to offer insights of local temperature variables response to the increasing CO₂ across urban China. Our integrated results are novel in exploring the contributions of expanding urban areas to CO₂ emissions across China, including anthropogenic and natural components of urban areas simultaneously. We believe that our findings have clear significance for local governments who strive for constructing low-carbon cities.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Meng Lina.
Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 203-218).
Abstracts also in Chinese.
周鳳瑛. "Energy Transformation, Technology Diffusion, and Mitigating CO2 Emission Policies:Analysis and Applications of Taiwan''s Energy". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01855853017328702798.
Pełny tekst źródłaHsu, Hong-Ming, i 許宏敏. "The Impact of Mitigating CO2 Emission on Taiwan''s Economy -- The Fuzzy Multiobjective programming Approach". Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33177800116037821363.
Pełny tekst źródła東吳大學
經濟學系
85
THe purpose of this study is to simulate the impact of mitigation of CO2 emission on Taiwan''s industry.Fuzzy multiobjective programming and interindustry analysis will also be conduced to evaluate various alternatives for mitigation emission.
Kumar, Atul. "CO2 emissions mitigation by using renewable energy technologies for irregation water pumping and crop drying in India". Thesis, 2004. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/6126.
Pełny tekst źródłaSchweers, Sebastian. "Carbon credit card services and the impact potential on Co2 emissions in the Eu - a scenario-based modeling approach". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/129108.
Pełny tekst źródłaGoldthorpe, Ward Hillary. "Carbon capture and storage and the Australian climate policy framework". 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/7058.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis aims to offer a clearer understanding of the practicalities, limitations and uncertainties surrounding future CCS use in Australia and of the contribution CCS can make to mitigating emissions from the Australian stationary energy sector in the period to 2050. It considers two central questions: Is CCS a realistic option for emissions mitigation in Australia? Are Australian climate policies formulated to facilitate CCS deployment and optimise its potential contribution? The criteria employed in this thesis for answering these questions are restricted to those having an ascertainable causal impact on the timing, pace and ultimate scale of CCS deployment within Australia. The methodology used for the research is grounded in critical approaches and integrated assessment within a holistic, trans-disciplinary paradigm.
This thesis finds that under Australia’s existing climate policy framework it is unrealistic to expect CCS can contribute more than 75 million tonnes of CO2 per annum to emissions mitigation by 2050. Australia does have sufficient potential geological storage resources to expect some environmentally safe CCS infrastructure could be engineered over time, but commencement of large scale build-out is not likely before 2025. When CCS will become a commercial mitigation option in Australia is unpredictable and dependent more on the political economy of climate change than on Australian research, development and demonstration activities.
The thesis also finds that the existing climate policy framework is increasing rather than decreasing the risks to timing and usefulness of CCS even to the level of 75 million tonnes of CO2 per annum by 2050. This thesis concludes that Australian Governments are not developing the institutional capability to oversee a holistic decarbonisation of the stationary energy sector. This capability is required not only to address the risks to CCS deployment but also to prevent market failures that foreclose an optimal contribution from all other potential mitigation technologies. The thesis proposes that an Australian national CCS company be created with responsibility for CCS integration, transport and storage services in order to develop Australian capability rather than that of international corporations.