Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / CO Oxidation Catalysis

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „CO Oxidation Catalysis”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "CO Oxidation Catalysis"

Dobrosz-Gómez, Izabela, Miguel-Ángel Gómez-García i Jacek Michał Rynkowski. "The Origin of Au/Ce1-xZrxO2 Catalyst’s Active Sites in Low-Temperature CO Oxidation". Catalysts 10, nr 11 (13.11.2020): 1312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10111312.

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Gold catalysts have found applications in many reactions of both industrial and environmental importance. Great interest has been paid to the development of new processes that reduce energy consumption and minimize pollution. Among these reactions, the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) is an important one, considering that a high concentration of CO in the atmosphere creates serious health and environmental problems. This paper examines the most important achievements and conclusions arising from the own authorship contributions concerning (2 wt. % Au)/Ce1−xZrxO2 catalyst’s active sites in low-temperature CO oxidation. The main findings of the present review are: (1) The effect of preparing conditions on Au crystallite size, highlighting some of the fundamental underpinnings of gold catalysis: the Au surface composition and the poisoning effect of residual chloride on the catalytic activity of (2 wt. % Au)/Ce1−xZrxO2 catalysts in CO oxidation; (2) The identification of ion clusters related to gold and their effect on catalyst’ surface composition; (3) The importance of physicochemical properties of oxide support (e.g., its particle size, oxygen mobility at low temperature and redox properties) in the creation of catalytic performance of Au catalysts; (4) The importance of oxygen vacancies, on the support surface, as the centers for oxygen molecule activation in CO reaction; (5) The role of moisture (200–1000 ppm) in the generation of enhanced CO conversion; (6) The Au-assisted Mars-van Krevelen (MvK) adsorption–reaction model was pertinent to describe CO oxidation mechanism. The principal role of Au in CO oxidation over (2 wt. % Au)/Ce1−xZrxO2 catalysts was related to the promotion in the transformation process of reversibly adsorbed or inactive surface oxygen into irreversibly adsorbed active species; (7) Combination of metallic gold (Au0) and Au-OH species was proposed as active sites for CO adsorption. These findings can help in the optimization of Au-containing catalysts.

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Griffith, William P., i Maria Suriaatmaja. "Studies on transition-metal nitrido and oxo complexes. Part 20. Oxoruthenates and oxo-osmates in oxidation catalysis; cis-[Os(OH)2O4]2- as a catalytic oxidant for primary amines and for alcohols". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 79, nr 5-6 (1.05.2001): 598–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v00-181.

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cis-[Os(OH)2O4]2 with [Fe(CN)6]3 and other co-oxidants has been studied as a catalytic reagent for the oxidative dehydrogenation of primary aromatic and aliphatic amines to nitriles, the oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids and of secondary alcohols to ketones. Electronic and Raman spectroscopy have been used to elucidate the nature of the oxoruthenates and oxo-osmates present in a number of reported organic oxidations catalyzed by ruthenium and osmium species.Key words: oxidation catalysis, ruthenium, osmium, amine dehydrogenation, alcohol oxidation.

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Al Soubaihi, Rola, Khaled Saoud i Joydeep Dutta. "Critical Review of Low-Temperature CO Oxidation and Hysteresis Phenomenon on Heterogeneous Catalysts". Catalysts 8, nr 12 (14.12.2018): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120660.

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There is a growing demand for new heterogeneous catalysts for cost-effective catalysis. Currently, the hysteresis phenomenon during low-temperature CO oxidation is an important topic in heterogeneous catalysis. Hysteresis provides important information about fluctuating reaction conditions that affect the regeneration of active sites and indicate the restoration of catalyst activity. Understanding its dynamic behavior, such as hysteresis and self-sustained kinetic oscillations, during CO oxidation, is crucial for the development of cost-effective, stable and long-lasting catalysts. Hysteresis during CO oxidation has a direct influence on many industrial processes and its understanding can be beneficial to a broad range of applications, including long-life CO2 lasers, gas masks, catalytic converters, sensors, indoor air quality, etc. This review considers the most recent reported advancements in the field of hysteresis behavior during CO oxidation which shed light on the origin of this phenomenon and the parameters that influence the type, shape, and width of the conversion of the hysteresis curves.

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Al Soubaihi, Rola Mohammad, Khaled Mohammad Saoud, Myo Tay Zar Myint, Mats A. Göthelid i Joydeep Dutta. "CO Oxidation Efficiency and Hysteresis Behavior over Mesoporous Pd/SiO2 Catalyst". Catalysts 11, nr 1 (16.01.2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010131.

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Carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation is considered an important reaction in heterogeneous industrial catalysis and has been extensively studied. Pd supported on SiO2 aerogel catalysts exhibit good catalytic activity toward this reaction owing to their CO bond activation capability and thermal stability. Pd/SiO2 catalysts were investigated using carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation as a model reaction. The catalyst becomes active, and the conversion increases after the temperature reaches the ignition temperature (Tig). A normal hysteresis in carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation has been observed, where the catalysts continue to exhibit high catalytic activity (CO conversion remains at 100%) during the extinction even at temperatures lower than Tig. The catalyst was characterized using BET, TEM, XPS, TGA-DSC, and FTIR. In this work, the influence of pretreatment conditions and stability of the active sites on the catalytic activity and hysteresis is presented. The CO oxidation on the Pd/SiO2 catalyst has been attributed to the dissociative adsorption of molecular oxygen and the activation of the C-O bond, followed by diffusion of adsorbates at Tig to form CO2. Whereas, the hysteresis has been explained by the enhanced stability of the active site caused by thermal effects, pretreatment conditions, Pd-SiO2 support interaction, and PdO formation and decomposition.

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Xanthopouloua, G. G., V. A. Novikova, Yu A. Knysha i A. P. Amosova. "Nanocatalysts for Low-Temperature Oxidation of CO: Review". Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 17, nr 1 (19.12.2014): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj190.

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The oxidation of CO covers a wide range of applications from gas masks, gas sensors, indoor air quality control to hydrogen purification for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The reaction attracts renewed interest both in fundamental and applied research of catalysis and electrochemistry. Recent developments and trends in catalysis towards the synthesis of nanocatalysts for CO oxidation are discussed in this review. Different modifications made to conventional catalysts synthesis approaches for preparation of nanocatalysts are critically analyzed. Nanocatalysts developed on the basis of noble metals completely convert CO at temperatures below 0 °C. The development of active and stable catalysts without noble metals for low-temperature CO oxidation is a significant challenge. It was found that Co3O4 nanorods can be steadily active for CO oxidation at a temperature as low as –77 °C. High activity of catalysts at low temperatures connected with nanosize particles and high surface area. This review summarized main directions of nanocatalysts development for CO low temperature oxidation.

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Šmíd, Bretislav, Toshiyuki Mori, M. Takahashi, Ding Rong Ou, V. Matolín i Iva Matolínova. "Fabrication and Microanalysis of Nano-Structured CuO_X-CeO₂ Catalysts for CO Oxidation Reaction". Advanced Materials Research 15-17 (luty 2006): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.15-17.261.

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Carbon monoxide (CO) is a significant air pollutant produced in incomplete oxidation of carbon in combustion. From the viewpoint of environmental protection, it is important that the concentration of CO gas is lowered in air. Catalysis is proving to be an effective route for removing this pollutant. Therefore, a design of nano-structured catalysts with high efficiency is required. In the present work, we focus on a development of nano-size CuOx-CeO2 catalysts for CO oxidation reaction. To prepare nano-structured Cu loaded CeO2 catalysts, a combined method of the conventional impregnation and ammonium carbonate co-precipitation was examined. Morphology, crystal phase and surface structure of prepared catalysts were characterized using High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Catalytic properties of CuOx-CeO2 for CO oxidation were investigated in gas flow reactor system under atmospheric pressure and compared with copper oxide loaded zinc oxide. We expected that nano-structured CuOx-CeO2 catalysts could be used for removing CO produced in a wet reforming reaction of fuel cell applications.

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Liu, Jin-Xun, Zhiling Liu, Ivo A. W. Filot, Yaqiong Su, Ionut Tranca i Emiel J. M. Hensen. "CO oxidation on Rh-doped hexadecagold clusters". Catalysis Science & Technology 7, nr 1 (2017): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cy02277d.

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Dosa, Melodj, Miguel Jose Marin-Figueredo, Enrico Sartoretti, Chiara Novara, Fabrizio Giorgis, Samir Bensaid, Debora Fino, Nunzio Russo i Marco Piumetti. "Cerium-Copper Oxides Synthesized in a Multi-Inlet Vortex Reactor as Effective Nanocatalysts for CO and Ethene Oxidation Reactions". Catalysts 12, nr 4 (23.03.2022): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12040364.

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In this study, a set of CuCeOx catalysts was prepared via the coprecipitation method using a Multi-Inlet Vortex Reactor: the Cu wt.% content is 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60. Moreover, pure CeO2 and CuO were synthesized for comparison purposes. The physico-chemical properties of this set of samples were investigated by complementary techniques, e.g., XRD, N2 physisorption at −196 °C, Scanning Electron Microscopy, XPS, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy and H2-TPR. Then, the CuCeOx catalysts were tested for the CO and ethene oxidation reactions. As a whole, all the prepared samples presented good catalytic performances towards the CO oxidation reaction (1000 ppm CO, 10 vol.% O2/N2): the most promising catalyst was the 20%CuCeOx (complete CO conversion at 125 °C), which exhibited a long-term thermal stability. Similarly, the oxidative activity of the catalysts were evaluated using a gaseous mixture containing 500 ppm C2H4, 10 vol.% O2/N2. Accordingly, for the ethene oxidation reaction, the 20%CuCeOx catalyst evidenced the best catalytic properties. The elevated catalytic activity towards CO and ethene oxidation was mainly ascribed to synergistic interactions between CeO2 and CuO phases, as well as to the high amount of surface-chemisorbed oxygen species and structural defects.

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Chenouf, Meriem, Cristina Megías-Sayago, Fatima Ammari, Svetlana Ivanova, Miguel Centeno i José Odriozola. "Immobilization of Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles on Various Ceria-Based Oxides: Influence of the Protecting Agent on the Glucose Oxidation Reaction". Catalysts 9, nr 2 (31.01.2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020125.

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The influence of the protecting agent’s nature on gold particle size and dispersion was studied in this work over a series of gold-based catalysts. CO and glucose oxidation were chosen as catalytic reactions to determine the catalyst’s structure–activity relationship. The nature of the support appeared to be the predominant factor for the increase in activity, as the oxygen mobility was decisive for the CO oxidation in the same way that the Lewis acidity was decisive for the glucose oxidation. For the same catalyst composition, the use of montmorillonite as the stabilizing agent resulted in better catalytic performance.

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Kappis, Konstantinos, Christos Papadopoulos, Joan Papavasiliou, John Vakros, Yiannis Georgiou, Yiannis Deligiannakis i George Avgouropoulos. "Tuning the Catalytic Properties of Copper-Promoted Nanoceria via a Hydrothermal Method". Catalysts 9, nr 2 (1.02.2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020138.

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Copper-cerium mixed oxide catalysts have gained ground over the years in the field of heterogeneous catalysis and especially in CO oxidation reaction due to their remarkable performance. In this study, a series of highly active, atomically dispersed copper-ceria nanocatalysts were synthesized via appropriate tuning of a novel hydrothermal method. Various physicochemical techniques including electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) were employed in the characterization of the synthesized materials, while all the catalysts were evaluated in the CO oxidation reaction. Moreover, discussion of the employed mechanism during hydrothermal route was provided. The observed catalytic activity in CO oxidation reaction was strongly dependent on the nanostructured morphology, oxygen vacancy concentration, and nature of atomically dispersed Cu2+ clusters.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "CO Oxidation Catalysis"

Elias, Joseph Spanjaard. "CO oxidation catalysis with substituted ceria nanoparticles". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105024.

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Thesis: Ph. D. in Inorganic Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
The low-temperature and cost-effective oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide remains a fundamental challenge in heterogeneous catalysis that would enable a diverse range of technologies for electrochemical storage and respiratory health. The development of new catalysts is often driven by high-throughput screening and many of the resulting compounds are mixed-phase, which obscures a rigorous identification of active sites and mechanisms at play for catalysis. In this thesis, the preparation of substituted ceria nanoparticles is described to bring about a fundamental understanding of the structure of the active sites, mechanism and design descriptors for CO oxidation on ceria-based catalysts. Monodisperse, single-phase nanoparticles of late first-row transition-metal-substituted ceria (MyCe₁.yO₂-x, M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu) are prepared from the controlled pyrolysis of heterobimetallic precursors in amine surfactant solutions. By means of kinetic analyses, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the active site for CO oxidation catalysis is identified as atomically-dispersed, square-planar M³+ and M²+ moieties substituted into the surface of the ceria lattice. The introduction of CuO does not contribute to the catalytic activity of CuyCe₁.yO₂-x, lending support to the hypothesis that the substituted ceria itself is responsible for the catalytic rate enhancement in mixed-phased catalysts like CuO/CeO₂ Under oxygen-rich conditions, the kinetic parameters for CO oxidation are consistent with lattice oxygen from the dispersed copper sites contributing directly to the oxidation of CO in the rate-determining step. In-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and FTIR studies indicate that adsorbed CO can be directly oxidized to CO₂ in the absence of gaseous O₂, while in-situ XAS confirms that electron transfer is localized to the copper sites. XAS studies demonstrate that the reversible reducibility of dispersed copper ions is a contributing factor for the special catalytic activity of CuO/CeO₂ catalysts. The oxygen-ion vacancy formation energy is introduced as an activity descriptor to rationalize trends in the catalytic activities measured for MyCe₁-yO₂-x nanoparticles that span over three orders of magnitude. As such, the DFT-calculated vacancy formation energy serves to guide in the rational design of catalysts through computational, rather than experimental, screening of candidate compounds for CO oxidation catalysis.
by Joseph Spanjaard Elias.
Ph. D. in Inorganic Chemistry

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Lee, Seung-Jae. "Development of supported gold catalysts for low temperature CO oxidation". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270939.

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Lund, Chistopher D. "Patterns and dynamics in heterogeneous catalysis : CO oxidation an plantinum /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9961758.

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Woods, Matthew P. "Activity and Selectivity in Oxidation Catalysis". The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1228175906.

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Miller, Duane D. "In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Gold Oxidation Catalysis". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1152205534.

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Jonsson, Daniel. "Evaluation of Non-Noble Metal Catalysts for CO Oxidation". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207363.

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The aim of the study is to evaluate the ability of non-noble metal catalysts to function as the commercially used noble metal catalyst. The exhaust gas that was used in the project is generated from a heater developed by ReformTech AB with diesel as fuel. The compound that was focused on is carbon monoxide that has a concentration of 300-750 ppm. The catalysts that were tested are MnO/CeO2, CuO/CeO2 and a Pt/CeO2 catalyst used to compare the non-noble metal catalyst with. The sensitivity against sulfur poisoning was also analyzed by mixing sulfur into the fuel. Analysis of the exhaust gas was done with a micro-GC and the catalysts were also analyzed with SEM before and after exposure of sulfur. The manganese catalyst with a loading of 7 wt-% did not show any activity against carbon monoxide oxidation. The copper catalysts contained two different loadings of active material, 7 and 14 wt-% and monoliths with 400 and 600 cpsi were used. Both loadings showed good activity against carbon monoxide oxidation. The most prominent catalyst was the 14 wt-% CuO/CeO2 catalyst with a 600 cpsi monolith because of an increase in surface area. The SEM analysis showed that sulfur was present on the surface when the heater was using diesel with 300 ppm sulfur. The sulfur caused complete deactivation of the non-noble metal catalysts and a small decrease in activity was shown on the noble metal Pt catalyst.

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Wang, Jiamin. "Exploring Strategies to Break Adsorption-Energy Scaling Relations in Catalytic CO Oxidation". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96537.

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An atomistic control of chemical bonds formation and cleavage holds the key to making molecular transformations more energy efficient and product selective. However, inherent scaling relations among binding strengths of adsorbates on various catalytic materials often give rise to volcano-shaped relationships between the catalytic activity and the affinity of critical intermediates to the surface. The optimal catalysts should bind the reactants 'just right', i.e., neither too strong nor too weak, which is the Sabatier's principle. It is extremely useful for searching promising catalysts, but also imposes serious constraints on design flexibility. Therefore, how to circumvent scaling constraints is crucial for advancing catalytic science. It has been shown that hot electrons can selectively activate the chemical bonds that are not responsive to phonon excitation, thus providing a rational approach beyond scaling limitation. Another emerging yet effective way to break the scaling constraint is single atom catalysis. Strong interactions of supported single atoms with supports dramatically affect the electronic structure of active sites, which reroutes mechanistic pathways of surface reactions. In my PhD research, we use CO oxidation reaction on metal-based active sites as a benchmark system to tailor mechanistic pathways through those two strategies 1) ultra-fast laser induced nonadiabatic surface chemistry and 2) oxide-supported single metal catalysis, with the aim to go beyond the Sabatier activity volcano in metal catalysis.
Doctor of Philosophy
Catalysis is the process of increasing the chemical reaction rate by lowering down the activation barrier. There are three different types of catalysis including enzyme, homogeneous, and heterogeneous catalysis. Heterogeneous catalytic reactions involve a sequence of elementary steps, e.g., adsorption of reactants onto the solid surface, transformation of adsorbed species, and desorption of the products. However, the existing scaling relations among binding energies of reaction intermediates on various catalytic materials lead to volcano-shaped relationships, which show the reaction activity versus the binding energy of critical intermediates. The optimal catalysts should bind the reaction intermediates neither too strong nor too weak. This is the Sabatier's principle, which provides useful guidance for searching promising catalysts. But it also imposes the constraint on the attainable catalytic performance. How to break the constraint to further improve the catalytic activity is an emerging problem. The recent studies have shown that the hot surface electrons on the metal surfaces induced by the ultra-fast laser can selectively activate the chemical bonds, thus providing a rational approach beyond scaling constraints. Another way to break the scaling constraint is single atom catalysis. The metal oxides are frequently used as the support to stabilize the single metal atoms. The strong interaction between the single metal atoms and the support affects the electronic structure of the catalysts. Thereby catalytic reactions on the single metal atoms catalyst are very different from that on metal surfaces. In my PhD research, we use CO oxidation reaction as a benchmark system, to tailor reaction pathways through those two strategies on 1) Ru(0001) under ultra-fast laser pulse and 2) Ir single metal atoms supported on spinel oxides, to go beyond Sabatier activity volcano in metal catalysis.

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Atalik, Bora. "Structure Sensitivity Of Selective Co Oxidation Over Precious Metal Catalysts". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605847/index.pdf.

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In this study, the effect of Pt particle size on the reaction rate and selectivity of preferential oxidation of CO (PROX) reaction was investigated on Pt/Al2O3. 2% Pt/&
#947
-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness method
the particle size of the catalysts was modified by calcination temperature and duration. Therefore, the relative amounts of low and high coordination atoms on the metal particle surface can be changed. Over these catalysts, first, the CO oxidation reaction was studied in the absence of hydrogen. The catalyst having the highest dispersion, i.e., lowest metal particle sizes, had the highest activity as indicated by its lowest light-off temperature. On the other hand, the turnover frequencies (TOF) of the catalysts were increasing with decreasing dispersion. The activation energy of the catalysts were also compared and examined: as the particle size increased, the activation energy decreased. In the second part, preferential oxidation of CO reaction in the presence of hydrogen was studied. Both CO conversion and selectivity first increased with increasing reaction temperature, then exhibited a maximum, and finally decreased. Both CO conversion and selectivity did not show any trend for different dispersed catalysts for &
#955
(2PO2/PCO) was 1. In order to reach a definite conclusion about the structure sensitivity of selective CO oxidation, the experiments with different &
#955
&rsquo
s and space times over the same catalysts should be performed.

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Yung, Matthew Maurice. "Oxidation catalysis in environmental applications nitric oxide and carbon monoxide oxidation for the reduction of combustion emissions and purification of hydrogen streams /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1187128442.

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Grayson, Benjamin Alan. "Application and modeling of TiO2-supported gold nanoparticles for CO preferential oxidation in excess hydrogen". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002131.

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Książki na temat "CO Oxidation Catalysis"

1851-1941, Miller Isaiah M., i Langley Research Center, red. Optimization of the catalytic oxidation of CO for closed-cycle CO laser applications. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1985.

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Schryer, David R. Low-temperature CO-oxidation catalysts for long-life CO2 lasers: Collected papers from an international conference sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. and the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Malvern, United Kingdom, and held at Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, October 17-19, 1989. Hampton, Va: Langley Research Center, 1990.

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Leung, Emi. Mechanistic Investigation of Novel Niobium-Based Materials as Enhanced Oxygen Storage Components and Innovative CO Oxidation Catalyst Support for Environmental Emission Control Systems. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2016.

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Ressler, Thorsten. Application of energy-dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy in heterogeneous catalysis: Exfoliation of graphite intercalation compounds and oscillatory behaviour in the CO oxidation. 1995.

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Gardner, Steven Dwayne. High-performance CO oxidation catalysts engineered for CO2 Lasers. 1990.

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Low-temperature CO-oxidation catalysts for long-life CO₂ lasers: Collected papers from an international conference sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C., and the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Malvern, United Kingdom, and held at Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, October 17-19, 1989. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1990.

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The Effects of pretreatment conditions on a Pt/SnO catalyst for the oxidation of CO in CO lasers. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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Części książek na temat "CO Oxidation Catalysis"

Simándi, László I. "Oxidation and Co-Oxidation of Tertiary Phosphines". W Catalysis by Metal Complexes, 363–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2850-6_11.

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Risch, Marcel, Katharina Klingan, Ivelina Zaharieva i Holger Dau. "Water Oxidation by Co-Based Oxides with Molecular Properties". W Molecular Water Oxidation Catalysis, 163–85. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118698648.ch9.

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McCrea, Keith, Jessica Parker i Gabor Somorjai. "High-Pressure CO Dissociation and CO Oxidation Studies on Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces Using Sum Frequency Generation Surface Vibrational Spectroscopy". W Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, 55–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6637-0_4.

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Bijsterbosch, J. W., J. C. Muijsers, A. D. van Langeveld, F. Kapteijn i J. A. Moulijn. "In-Situ FTIR Spectroscopy of Cu-Cr Catalysts in CO Oxidation". W Fundamental Aspects of Heterogeneous Catalysis Studied by Particle Beams, 221–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5964-7_18.

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Park, Jeong Young, Kamran Qadir i Sun Mi Kim. "Role of Surface Oxides on Model Nanocatalysts in Catalytic Activity of CO Oxidation". W Current Trends of Surface Science and Catalysis, 145–70. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8742-5_7.

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Adamian, Victor A., i William H. Gong. "Chemistry and Mechanism of Oxidation ofpara-Xylene to Terephthalic Acid Using Co-Mn-Br Catalyst". W Liquid Phase Aerobic Oxidation Catalysis: Industrial Applications and Academic Perspectives, 41–66. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527690121.ch4.

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Levec, Janez. "Opportunities in Catalytic Reaction Engineering. Examples of Heterogeneous Catalysis in Water Remediation and Preferential CO Oxidation". W Chemical Engineering, 103–24. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470025018.ch5.

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Pong, Wen Yu, Hung Yi Chang, Chia Hung Liang i Huey Ing Chen. "Morphological Effect of CeO₂ Nanoparticles on Catalysis of CO Oxidation". W THERMEC 2006 Supplement, 553–58. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-429-4.553.

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Destro, Priscila. "AuCu Nanoparticles Applied on Heterogeneous Catalysis: Studies About the Stability of Nanoparticles Under Redox Pre-treatments and Application in CO Oxidation Reaction". W Colloidal Nanoparticles for Heterogeneous Catalysis, 41–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03550-1_3.

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Coulstont, George W., i Gary L. Haller. "Is There a Distribution of Transition State Energies in the Reaction Coordinate of CO Oxidation on Pt Foil?" W Fundamental Aspects of Heterogeneous Catalysis Studied by Particle Beams, 145–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5964-7_13.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "CO Oxidation Catalysis"

Depcik, Christopher, Sudarshan Loya i Anand Srinivasan. "Adaptive Carbon Monoxide Kinetics for Exhaust Aftertreatment Modeling". W ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11173.

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Future emission standards are driving the need for advanced control of both Spark (SI) and Compression Ignition (CI) engines. However, even with the implementation of cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Low Temperature Combustion (LTC), it is unlikely that in-cylinder combustion strategies alone will reduce emissions to levels below the proposed standards. As a result, researchers are developing complex catalytic aftertreatment systems to meet these tailpipe regulations for both conventional and alternative combustion regimes. Simulating these exhaust systems requires fast and accurate models suitable for significant changes in inlet conditions. Most aftertreatment devices contain Platinum Group Metals because of their widely documented beneficial catalysis properties; examples include Diesel Oxidation Catalysts, Three-Way Catalysts and Lean NOx Traps. There are kinetic mechanisms available for each of these devices, but often they do not extrapolate well to other formulations. For example, Carbon Monoxide (CO) levels entering a catalyst are significantly different between an SI and CI engine. In addition, modifying engine control to utilize LTC operation can result in an increase in CO levels due to lower combustion efficiency. This adversely affects the conversion capabilities of a catalytic device through increased levels of CO inhibition. Finally, catalyst loading and metal dispersion differences between devices often prohibit a direct extension of kinetic constants. As a result, mechanisms often need recalibration for correct modeling capabilities. In order to begin creating a more predictive kinetic mechanism, this paper simulates CO oxidation as a function of different inlet concentration levels and metal loadings. While aftertreatment devices contain many reactions, modeling of one fundamental reaction is a first step to determine the feasibility of adaptive kinetics. In addition, research into the history of the CO oxidation mechanism over platinum illustrates a more accurate rate expression to utilize in deference to current modeling activities. The authors calibrate this expression to experimental data taking into account significant changes in inlet conditions, metal loading and dispersion values. Model fidelity is determined through the simulation of additional data not part of the initial calibration efforts. In addition, the paper discusses strengths and weaknesses of the model along with how other researchers can help foster adaptive kinetic development.

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Strasser, Peter. "Combinatorial Development of Ternary Electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation". W ASME 2007 2nd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/enic2007-45060.

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We report a combinatorial and high throughput catalyst optimization of ternary Pt-Co-Ru alloy electrocatalysts for the oxidation of methanol in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell anodes. A densely sampled ternary Pt alloy catalyst library was prepared and electrochemically tested in parallel for catalytic activity. A composition-activity map was obtained from which suitable catalyst candidates with improved activity were identified. Then, high throughput methods for evaluating corrosion stability of the alloy catalysts were developed based on structural and compositional criteria. Finally, combining stability-composition and activity-composition maps resulted in consensus maps which pointed to a new optimized ternary alloy electrocatalyst with overall composition Pt18Co62Ru20.

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Beckerle, J. D., M. P. Casassa, R. R. Cavanagh, E. J. Heilweil i J. C. Stephenson. "Ultrafast laser studies of vibrational relaxation on surfaces: CO (v = 1)/Pt(111)". W OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.fa2.

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Energy transfer at surfaces is important in physical processes such as sticking, desorption, diffusion, and the chemistry of oxidation, catalysis, and electronic materials processing. Early information on rates and mechanisms of vibrational energy dissipation came from theory or were inferred from linewidths of optical spectra. We have used tunable subpicosecond IR laser pulses in pump-probe experiments to obtain time-resolved information about the vibrational energy relaxation time (T1) and homogeneous dephasing time (T2) for the high-frequency CO (v = 1) stretch mode of an ordered monolayer of CO on the surface of a Pt(111) single crystal. The observed Ti ≈ 4 ps at low temperatures is slower than would be inferred from the IR bandwidth for top-site CO. Transient IR spectra of the excited adlayer suggest that the CO (v = 1) → (v = 2) band is anharmonic- ally shifted from the fundamental v = 0 → v = 1 transition by only 4-5 cm−1. These results are compared with the long values of T for OH, NH, or SiH stretch modes on nonmetallic surfaces, and to spectral data and time-resolved studies of very fast CO-CO coupling in metal carbonyl molecules and very short T1 for CO (v = 1) chemisorbed on amorphous metal particles. These comparisons, as well as theory, suggest the important energy relaxation mechanism for CO (v = 1 )/Pt(111) is coupling of the vibrating dipole to metal free electrons, i.e., damping by electron-hole pair formation.

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Berry, David A., Dushyant Shekhawat, Todd H. Gardner, Maria Salazar, Daniel J. Haynes i James J. Spivey. "Support Effects for Pt and Rh-Based Catalysts for Partial Oxidation of n-Tetradecane". W ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97265.

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Catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) of liquid fuels is an attractive option for producing a hydrogen-rich gas stream for fuel cell applications. However, the high sulfur content along with aromatic compounds present in liquid fuels may deactivate reforming catalysts. Deactivation of these catalysts by carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning is a key technical challenge. The relationship between catalyst supports and deactivation have been studied here for three catalysts (Rh/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, Pt/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, and Pt/Al2O3) in a fixed bed catalytic reactor using a mixture of n-tetradecane, 1-methylnaphthalene, and dibenzothiophene to simulate logistic fuels. Carbon production during CPOX reforming was directly related to olefin formation. Olefins, which are known coke precursors, were observed on the Pt catalysts during CPOX of n-tetradecane with no sulfur (particularly from Pt/Al2O3), but not on Rh/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2. For the Rh/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, yields of H2 and CO dropped to a stationary level after the introduction of sulfur-containing feed (1000 ppm sulfur) or aromatic-containing feed (5 wt%), however, the catalyst activity was restored after removing the sulfur or aromatics from the feed. For the Pt catalysts, H2 and CO yields dropped continuously over time in the presence of sulfur or aromatics in feed. The superior performance of Rh/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 can be attributed to the higher oxygen-ion conductivity of the Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 support as well as the activity of the Rh sites.

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Patel, Sanjay, i K. K. Pant. "Hydrogen Production for PEM Fuel Cells via Oxidative Steam Reforming of Methanol Using Cu-Al Catalysts Modified With Ce and Cr". W ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97209.

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The performance of Cu-Ce-Al-oxide and Cu-Cr-Al-oxide catalysts of varying compositions prepared by co-precipitation method was evaluated for the PEM fuel cell grade hydrogen production via oxidative steam reforming of methanol (OSRM). The limitations of partial oxidation and steam reforming of methanol for the hydrogen production for PEM fuel cell could be overcome using OSRM and can be performed auto-thermally with idealized reaction stoichiomatry. Catalysts surface area and pore volume were determined using N2 adsorption-desorption method. The final elemental compositions were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Crystalline phases of catalyst samples were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) demonstrated that the incorporation of Ce improved the copper reducibility significantly compared to Cr promoter. The OSRM was carried out in a fixed bed catalytic reactor. Reaction temperature, contact-time (W/F) and oxygen to methanol (O/M) molar ratio varied from 200–300°C, 3–21 kgcat s mol−1 and 0–0.5 respectively. The steam to methanol (S/M) molar ratio = 1.4 and pressure = 1 atm were kept constant. Catalyst Cu-Ce-Al:30-10-60 exhibited 100% methanol conversion and 152 mmol s−1 kgcat−1 hydrogen production rate at 300°C with carbon monoxide formation as low as 1300 ppm, which reduces the load on preferential oxidation of CO to CO2 (PROX) significantly before feeding the hydrogen rich stream to the PEM fuel cell as a feed. The higher catalytic performance of Ce containing catalysts was attributed to the improved Cu reducibility, higher surface area, and better copper dispersion. Reaction parameters were optimized in order to maximize the hydrogen production and to keep the CO formation as low as possible. The time-on-stream stability test showed that the Cu-Ce-Al-oxide catalysts subjected to a moderate deactivation compared to Cu-Cr-Al-oxide catalysts. The amount of carbon deposited onto the catalysts was determined using TG/DTA thermogravimetric analyzer. C1s spectra were obtained by surface analysis of post reaction catalysts using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the nature of coke deposited.

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Buzanowski, Mark A., i Sean P. McMenamin. "Integrated Exhaust System for Simple Cycle Power Plants". W ASME 2010 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2010-27310.

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Simple cycle power plants are frequently utilized as peaking power plants which generate electricity typically during a high demand. To comply with environmental standards simple cycle power plants are equipped with emission control catalysts reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and other pollutants. In some applications ambient air (so called tempering air) is injected into the exhaust duct to control temperature of the flue gas prior to entering environmental catalysts. Such catalytic treatment of pollutants present in the flue gas requires exhaust systems with substantial footprints to accommodate the emission control catalysts and tempering air injection systems. This paper discusses a new compact exhaust system and efficient arrangement of the tempering air system for simple cycle power plants. The proposed system includes transitioning hot exhaust flue gas into pre-oxidation section of the exhaust system, passing hot exhaust gas through the oxidation catalyst for the CO emissions control, injecting tempering air stream into the post-oxidation section of the exhaust system, and passing cooled flue gas through the reduction catalyst for the NOx emissions control. The resultant benefit of this newly designed process is a more effective use of catalysts, a smaller exhaust footprint of equipment and a lower capital cost to the end user.

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Raoufi, Arman, Sagar Kapadia i James C. Newman. "Sensitivity Analysis and Computational Optimization of Fuel Reformer". W ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2016-59110.

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In this study, the catalytic combustion of methane is numerically investigated using an unstructured, implicit, fully coupled finite volume approach. Nonlinear system of equations is solved by Newton’s method. The catalytic partial oxidation of methane over both platinum and rhodium catalysts are studied three-dimensionally. Eight gas-phase species (CH4, CO2, H2O, N2, O2, CO, OH and H2) are considered for the simulation. Surface chemistry is modeled by detailed reaction mechanisms including 24 heterogeneous reactions with 11 surface-adsorbed species for Pt catalyst and 38 heterogeneous reactions with 20 surface-adsorbed species for Rh catalyst. The numerical results are compared with the experimental data and good agreement is observed. The performance of the fuel reformer is analyzed for two different catalysts. The sensitivity analysis for the reactor is performed using three different approaches: finite difference, direct differentiation and adjoint method. The design cycle is performed using two gradient-based optimization algorithms to improve the value of the implemented cost function and optimize the reactor performance.

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Pornsatitworakul, Suwapich, Saowalak Phikulthai, Supawadee Namuangruk i Bundet Boekfa. "Catalytic oxidation of CO with N2O on Fe-porphyrin catalyst". W 2015 International Conference on Science and Technology (TICST). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ticst.2015.7369362.

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Ramis, Gianguido, Guido Busca, Tania Montanari, Michele Sisani i Umberto Costantino. "Ni-Co-Zn-Al Catalysts From Hydrotalcite-Like Precursors for Hydrogen Production by Ethanol Steam Reforming". W ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33034.

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A series of well crystallized Ni-Co-Zn-Al LDHs materials has been prepared by the urea hydrolysis method as precursors of mixed oxide catalysts for the Ethanol Steam Reforming (ESR) reaction. The calcination of the layered precursors gives rise to high surface area mixed oxides, mainly a mixture of rock-salt phase (NiO), wurtzite phase (ZnO) and spinel phase. Both precursors and mixed oxides have been throughtfully characterized and the steam reforming of ethanol has been investigated over the calcined catalysts in flow reactor and in-situ FT-IR experiments. The data here reported provide evidence of the good catalytic activity of Co-Zn-Al and Co-Ni-Zn-Al catalysts prepared from hydrotalcite-like LHD precursors for ethanol steam reforming. At 823 K the most active Co/Ni catalyst containains a predominant spinel phase with composition near Zn0.58Ni0.42[Al0.44Co0.56]2O4 and small amounts of NiO and ZnO. On the other side, at 873 K the selectivity to hydrogen increases with cobalt content. In particular, the presence of cobalt increases selectivity to H2 and CO2 and decreases selectivity to methane in the low temperature range 720–870 K. The most selective catalyst is the Ni-free Co-Zn-Al mixed oxide essentially constituted by a single spinel type phase Zn0.55Co0.45[Al0.45Co0.55]2O4. Cobalt catalysts appear consequently to behave better than nickel based catalysts in this temperature range. The key feature for high selectivity to hydrogen is proposed to be associated to a stability of a relatively high oxidation state at the catalyst surface, the most relevant selectivity determining step being constituted by the evolution of surface acetate species. In fact, over oxidized catalyst surface the acetate species evolve producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen while over a more reduced surface they evolve giving rise to methane and COx. Water is supposed to have the main role of allowing surface sites to stay in an unreduced state at least in the temperature range 720–870 K.

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Manrique Carrera, Arturo, Jeevan Jayasuriya i Torsten Fransson. "Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Natural Gas in Gas Turbine Applications". W ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95338.

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The demands of emissions, combustion efficiency over a wider operational range, and fuel flexibility for industrial gas turbine applications are expected to increase in the coming years. Currently, it is common the use of a stabilizing piloting diffusion flame during part load operation, this flame is accountable for an important part of the thermal NOx emissions on partial load, and in some cases also at full load operation. On the other hand Catalytic Partial Oxidation (CPO) of natural gas is a technique used in petrochemical industry for the Fischer-Tropsch process and for H2 production, and is based in the production of Syn-Gas rich in H2 and CO. The present work explores the possibility to use the CPO of natural gas in industrial gas turbine applications, it is based in experiments performed between 5 and 13 bar using an arrangement of Rh based catalyst and CH4. The experiments were done at the Catalytic Combustion High Pressure Test Facility, at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Sweden. The gas produced leaves the CPO reactor between 700 and 850 °C and it is rich in H2 and CO. It was found that the most important parameter after reaching the light off temperature in the CPO reactor is the equivalence ratio Φ, which evidences the kinetically controlled regime in the Rh catalyst that depends on O2 availability. The H2/CO ratio is close to the theoretical value of 2 and the selectivity towards H2 and CO are 90% and 95% respectively while the CH4 conversion reached approximately 55%. Pressure on the other hand had a small negative influence in the tested pressure range and it is more relevant at richer fuel conditions (high equivalence ratios). The CPO process had shown that it is relatively easy to control the operation temperature of the catalyst. This temperature is kept below the maximum allowed by reducing the O2 availability. The high temperature Syn-Gas gas produced through CPO process could be burnt in the downstream of the catalysts steadily at flame temperatures below the thermal-NOx threshold. The CPO reactor could provide the flame stabilization function at a wide range of operational conditions, and replace the diffusion piloting flame. This approach could cope with NOx and CO emissions in a wider operational range and offers the possibility of using different fuels as the reaction controlling factor is O2 availability. Furthermore, an initial design of a possible combustion strategy downstream of the CPO reactor is also presented.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "CO Oxidation Catalysis"

Stevens i Olsen. PR-179-12214-R01 CO Sensor Experimental Evaluation for Catalyst Health Monitoring. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), wrzesień 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010827.

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Oxidation catalysts and three-way catalysts can be used to reduce the amount of CO present in engine exhaust. For 2-stroke lean-burn engines, the oxidation catalyst degrades over time be-cause of the buildup of poisons such as sulfur, zinc, phosphorous, and calcium. Three-way cata-lysts used with stoichiometric engines also degrade over time. Emissions analyzers are often used to evaluate the degradation of oxidation catalysts and three-way catalysts, but it can be very time consuming and expensive. Ideally, a simple sensor system would be beneficial for operating companies to determine if the catalyst were out of compliance according to normal operating standards. An ECM CO sensor and recording device was acquired for testing. The CO sensor system was evaluated for its ability to monitor post-catalyst CO concentration. The results show that this CO sensor system is ineffective at monitoring post-catalyst CO concentration.

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Badrinarayanan i Olsen. PR-179-11201-R01 Performance Evaluation of Multiple Oxidation Catalysts on a Lean Burn Natural Gas Engine. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), sierpień 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010772.

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Two-way catalysts or oxidation catalysts are the common after-treatment systems used on lean burn natural gas engines to reduce CO, VOCs and formaldehyde emissions. The study evaluates the performance of oxidation catalysts from commercial vendors for varying catalyst temperature and space velocity. For this study, a part of the exhaust from a Waukesha VGF-18 GL lean burn natural gas engine was flowed through a catalyst slipstream system to assess the performance of the oxidation catalysts. The slipstream is used to reduce the size of the catalysts and to allow precise control of temperature and space velocity. Analyzers used include Rosemount 5-gas emissions bench, Nicolet Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrometer and HP 5890 Series II Gas Chromatograph. The oxidation catalysts were degreened at 1200oF (650oC) for 24 hours prior to performance testing. The reduction efficencies for the emission species varied among the oxidation catalysts tested from different vendors. Most oxidation catalysts showed over 90% maximum reduction efficiencies on CO, VOCs and formaldehyde. VOC reduction efficiency was limited by poor propane emission reduction efficiency at the catalyst temperatures tested. Saturated hydrocarbons such as propane showed low reduction efficiencies on all oxidation catalysts due to high activation energy. Variation in space velocity showed very little effect on the conversion efficiencies. Most species showed over 90% conversion efficiency during the space velocity sweep. Adding more catalyst volume may not increase the reduction efficiency of emission species. Varying cell density showed very little effect on performance of the oxidation catalysts. The friction factor correlation showed the friction factor for flow through a single channel is inversely proportional to cell density.

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Olsen i Neuner. PR-179-12207-R01 Performance Measurements of Oxidation Catalyst on an Exhaust Slipstream. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), sierpień 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010800.

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Oxidation catalysts are effective at reducing CO, formaldehyde, and VOCs as long as the catalyst temperature is above the light-off temperature for each species. It is important to understand the effects of temperature and space velocity on regulated species in order to effectively apply oxidation catalyst technology to lean burn engines, in particular 2-stroke engines that typically have lower exhaust temperatures. Various catalysts were tested on an exhaust slipstream coupled to a 4-stroke lean-burn engine which allows tests to be conducted at different temperatures and flow rates. The effect of the oxidation catalysts on NO2 and odor are also discussed.

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Olsen. PR-179-10203-R01 Characterization of Oxidation Catalyst Performance - VOCs and Temperature Variation. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), czerwiec 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010753.

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Oxidation catalysts are typically specified to reduce carbon monoxide (CO), Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) and/or Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from lean-burn engines. The application of catalysts to HAPs and VOC destruction is more recent, so greater effort has been placed on optimizing for CO oxidation than HAPs or VOC oxidation. In general, the catalysts consist of a porous, high surface area -alumina carrier material on a ceramic (typically cordierite) or stainless steel substrate. Although the alumina has some effectiveness in oxidation at high temperature, its primary role here is to provide a high surface area support for a well dispersed layer of platinum (Pt) and/or palladium (Pd) which provides numerous catalytic sites for oxidation activity. This work extends the current knowledge-base for application of oxidation catalysts in three areas: (1) species specific removal efficiencies, (2) temperature dependence, and (3) space velocity.

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Defoort, Willson i Olsen. L51849 Performance Evaluation of Exhaust Catalysts During the Initial Aging on Large Industrial Engines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), czerwiec 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011213.

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An investigation of catalyst performance during the initial aging process, providing insight into the deactivation rate of the catalyst and assisting in predicting the operational lifetime of the catalyst was preformed. The information gained through the test program provides a mechanism to assist in developing new technologies geared at reducing engine emission while providing improvements in efficiency, reliability, and operability for the aging industrial reciprocating engine fleet. Two natural gas lean burn engines, a 2-stroke, large bore slow speed and a 4-stroke medium bore medium speed, were operated at pre-determined conditions in conjunction with an oxidation catalyst. The aging process of the catalysts was observed. The research concluded that the catalyst performance is much lower than anticipated,particularly in relation to the aging process. During the aging process for the large bore 2-stroke engine (about 200 hours) the catalyst efficiency drops from 95% to 80% for CO and from 75% to 45% for CH2O. Results for the medium bore 4-stroke engine are better as a result of nearly 200Â°F higher catalyst temperatures. During aging (approximately 150 hours) the catalyst efficiencies are reduced from 99.2 to 97.7% for CO and from undetectable post catalyst levels (essentially 100% removal) to 67% for CH2O.

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Lyon, Richard K. Development of Catalyst for Selective Reduction of NOx and Oxidation of CO and Hydrocarbons. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, styczeń 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada357610.

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Plyusnin, Pavel, Yury Shubin, Igor Asanov, Roman Kenzhin, Vladimir Stoyanovskii i Aleksey Vedyagin. Effect of ruthenium addition to palladium-rhodium nanoalloys on their catalytic performance in CO oxidation. Peeref, lipiec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2307p1690740.

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Rostovschikova, Tatiana, Alexei Vedyagin, Marina Shilina, Sergey Gurevich, Konstantin Maslakov, Denis Yavsin, Grigory Veselov i Vladimir Stoyanovskii. Advantages of laser electrodispersion for the synthesis of CO oxidation catalysts with low loading of precious metals. Peeref, czerwiec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2306p4533105.

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Renzas, James R. Rhodium Catalysts in the Oxidation of CO by O₂ and NO: Shape, Composition, and Hot Electron Generation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzec 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/983012.

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