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Jain Gupta, Parul, i Pradeep Suri. "Measuring public value of e-governance projects in India: citizens’ perspective". Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 11, nr 2 (15.05.2017): 236–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-07-2016-0043.
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Purpose Most of the existing studies in e-governance context have attempted to measure public value of projects in terms of quality of services provided, cost effectiveness of public organizations and extent to which public organizations are able to meet their social objectives. However, it is also important to explore variables influencing public value to pursue for attaining high public value from such projects. This paper aims to attempt to explore such variables based on Situation-Actor-Process (S-A-P) framework. In India, physical presence of citizens is still required at many public centers established for delivering a variety of government services. A citizen at the time of his visit to a public service center faces a situation, deals with different actors and is subjected to a set of processes. At the end of the service cycle, the citizen develops a perception about public value of the e-governance project. The paper aims at exploring the likely influence of “Improved Situation”, “Capability Level of Actors” and “Flexible Process Workflow” on “Public Value” of e-governance projects. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of a review of literature, variables likely to be influencing public value have been identified in terms of situation, actors and processes. A questionnaire was designed, and a survey conducted to measure public value and S-A-P-related variables in the context of two e-governance projects, namely, Passport Seva Project and Driving License Project in India. Survey data have been analyzed to study the influence of S-A-P-related variables on the public value of e-governance projects. Learning issues have been synthesized in terms of implications for practitioners as well as researchers for enhancing public value of e-governance projects. Findings The study has revealed that a citizen-centric e-governance project with observed high value of conceptualized S-A-P variables is expected to be characterized by high public value. The analysis has also reflected upon a need for an in-depth study to explore empirically validated linkages between S-A-P variables and public value of e-governance projects. Research limitations/implications The paper is based on a pilot study in the context of two citizen-centric e-governance projects. It is required to study more such projects for the purpose of validating the proposed framework and arriving at generalized findings. Practical implications The study results are expected to sensitize practitioners to keep in view conceptualized variables related to situation, actors and processes while planning for citizen-centric e-governance projects. This may result in improved situation at the public service centers, better performance of employees and more flexible processes which may further help to increase the public value of such projects. Practical implications E-governance projects can perform a vital role in improving public value. In the context of India, a key objective of e-governance projects is to improve the service delivery of citizen-centric projects. The findings of the pilot study, based on the select two citizen-centric e-governance projects in India, reflect upon the likely relationship between public value and S-A-P variables. Thrust on improving situational aspects, as conceptualized in this study, is expected to improve comfort level of citizens while taking benefit of IT enabled services of government organizations. Better capability of actors at public organizations is likely to build trust and confidence among citizens toward these services. Adoption of flexible processes by public organizations is expected to ensure seamless delivery of services to citizens through alternate options. Enhanced delivery of services satisfies the need for improved public value and create positive attitude among society toward public organizations. It contributes to satisfaction level of citizens in terms of saving of time, money and efforts. Originality/value A review of literature has revealed a few studies undertaken in recent past with focus on measurement of public value in e-governance context. This paper is based on a novel idea of exploring the likely relationship between conceptualized S-A-P-related variables and public value of citizen-centric e-governance projects. Recommendations based on learning issues are expected to trigger suitable interventions to generate high public value from such projects.
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Borah, Sri Keshabananda. "Implementation of citizen-centric e-Governance projects in Assam". IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science 7, nr 2 (2013): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0837-0722734.
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Ali, Muhammad Uzar, Bhupesh Kumar Mishra, Dhavalkumar Thakker, Suvodeep Mazumdar i Sydney Simpson. "Using Citizen Science to Complement IoT Data Collection: A Survey of Motivational and Engagement Factors in Technology-Centric Citizen Science Projects". IoT 2, nr 2 (4.05.2021): 275–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iot2020015.
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A key aspect of the development of Smart Cities involves the efficient and effective management of resources to improve liveability. Achieving this requires large volumes of sensors strategically deployed across urban areas. In many cases, however, it is not feasible to install devices in remote and inaccessible areas, resulting in incomplete data coverage. In such situations, citizens can often play a crucial role in filling this data collection gap. A popular complimentary science to traditional sensor-based data collection is to design Citizen Science (CS) activities in collaboration with citizens and local communities. Such activities are also designed with a feedback loop where the Citizens benefit from their participation by gaining a greater sense of awareness of their local issues while also influencing how the activities can align best with their local contexts. The participation and engagement of citizens are vital and yet often a real challenge in ensuring the long-term continuity of CS projects. In this paper, we explore engagement factors, factors that help keeping engagement high, in technology-centric CS projects where technology is a key enabler to support CS activities. We outline a literature review of exploring and understanding various motivational and engagement factors that influence the participation of citizens in technology-driven CS activities. Based on this literature, we present a mobile-based flood monitoring citizen science application aimed at supporting data collection activities in a real-world CS project as part of an EU project. We discuss the results of a user evaluation of this app, and finally discuss our findings within the context of citizens’ engagement.
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Akbarinejad, Tahmineh, Alenka Temeljotov Salaj i Agnar Johansen. "Implementing the Integrated Social Sustainability Assessment to Norway: A Citizen-Centric and Expert-Weighted Approach". Sustainability 15, nr 16 (8.08.2023): 12107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612107.
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To achieve sustainability, more economic and environmental initiatives, projects, and policies must have a positive impact on society, advance social justice, and enhance the general well-being of people and communities. This study proposes a quantitative and qualitative framework to assess social sustainability in different urban regions. A multi-category approach is used to determine what categories and indicators of social sustainability city governments and academia should consider to ensure that their policies and projects align with community values. The next step involves assessing residents’ satisfaction through citizen participation. This framework, entitled the “Integrated Social Sustainability Assessment (ISSA)”, was applied in three zones of the Furuset area in Oslo. The results of the three diagrams show how community strengths and weaknesses can be identified, allowing projects to be prioritized in a way that benefits citizens in the long term and provides a comparative score. This framework provides policymakers with useful tools and guidelines for creating policies and projects that are sustainable, equitable, and capable of meeting the needs of their communities in a measurable manner.
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Milosavljević, Miloš, Željko Spasenić, Slađana Benković i Veljko Dmitrović. "Participatory Budgeting in Serbia: Lessons Learnt from Pilot Projects". Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 18, nr 4 (29.10.2020): 999–1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/18.3.999-1021(2020).
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Participatory budgeting has been advocated as a democratic innovation that could bring governance closer to citizens. A myriad of European countries have embraced this idea and piloted participatory budgeting projects at the local level. In Serbia, however, democratic innovations are at the infantile stage. Only a handful of participatory budgeting projects have been initiated so far. The aim of this paper is to present the main lessons learnt from these projects and to present participatory budgeting as a citizen-centric and fiscally decentralized approach to public financial planning and execution. Using the mix-method, participatory budgeting projects and programs in three local government units in Serbia were analyzed. The results indicate political will of only a handful of Serbian local self-governments to implement participatory budgeting and limited sustainability of the concept of democratic innovation.
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Mealha, Oscar. "Citizen-driven dashboards in smart ecosystems: a framework". Interaction Design and Architecture(s), nr 31 (20.12.2016): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-031-003.
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This position paper is concerned with the research and design of infocommunication technologies for citizen engagement and learning in smart ecosystems. The work assumes a human-centric citizen-driven smart city design approach and also proposes a R&D iterative framework model based on SOA work that goes from citizen inquiry to a front-end dashboard paradigm proposal. A research framework is discussed alongside scientific and public state of the art projects, their methods, techniques and main goals/results that inform smart ecosystem R&D agenda today. The specific contribution of this work concentrates on the proposal of affordant visual personal dashboards to represent selected open data smart ecosystem dimensions to be interpreted by the common citizen, capable of engaging the citizen and supporting in locolearning of real context of need/use situations.
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Thiele, Lukas, i Andree Pruin. "Does large-scale digital collaboration contribute to crisis management? An analysis of projects from the #WirVsVirus hackathon implemented in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic". dms – der moderne staat – Zeitschrift für Public Policy, Recht und Management 14, nr 2-2021 (7.12.2021): 334–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/dms.v14i2.07.
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In recent years, collaborative approaches to crisis management involving citizens have gained increasing attention. One example is the #WirVsVirus hackathon, which was conducted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and had over 28,000 participants. Because research on large-scale, digital collaboration in crisis situations is scarce, consequences of their use in crisis management remain unclear. This article relies on the open governance paradigm as a lens for studying two projects emerging from the hackathon. Based on nine qualitative expert interviews, we ask how digital open governance affects governance capacity and legitimacy in crisis management. Our findings suggest that digital open governance can contribute to governance capacity and legitimacy, as it mobilises large, diverse groups of citizens to quickly develop citizen-centric, ready-to-use solutions for crisisrelated problems. However, we also identified potential problems, including risks regarding legitimacy and accountability, difficulties with scalable solutions, and questionable long-term impacts.
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Kyakulumbye, Stephen, Shaun Pather i Mmaki Jantjies. "Towards design of citizen centric e-government projects in developing country context: the design-reality gap in Uganda". International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management 7, nr 4 (26.10.2021): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12821/ijispm070403.
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E-government projects should be at the heart of service delivery in developing countries if the lives of citizens, especially the socially and economically marginalized, are to be improved. However, quite often in developing country contexts, citizens have been treated as recipients of technology projects through a top-down approach from central governments. Such a paradigm of implementation usually results in the non-use of the deployed technologies and their associated e-services. A consequence of non-use of e-services results in a wastage of the public fiscus. The extant literature points to a number of underlying causes of the problem. One such problem which has been highlighted is called the “Design-Reality gap”. This paper investigates the nature of the gap. It presents findings from policy analysis and in-depth face-to-face interviews with e-government policy makers and implementers. In addition, it reports on findings from focus group discussions with potential e-government users in a health sector setting. The results which are based on a participatory action research methodology reveal that there exists a glaring design-reality gap between egovernment policy planners and citizens’ aspirations. We argue that co-creation could be a feasible approach for the design of e-government application services towards efforts to bridge the design-reality gap.
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Pérez-delHoyo, Raquel, María Dolores Andújar-Montoya, Higinio Mora i Virgilio Gilart-Iglesias. "Unexpected consequences in the operation of urban environments". Kybernetes 48, nr 2 (4.02.2019): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-02-2018-0096.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the unexpected consequences in the operation of urban environments. Prediction within the urban planning process often presents difficulties and unintended consequences. It is not enough to develop a good project. Unexpected consequences are possible because of the environment. The authors argue that these problems of uncertainty can be minimized with citizen participation and the use of new technologies. Design/methodology/approach The problem of how urban planning initiatives result in unexpected consequences is described. These effects are determined by studying a series of cities and real urban environments. A case study on urban accessibility is developed for a better understanding of the problem. Findings Avoiding unexpected consequences in the operation of urban environments is strongly linked to the concept of Smart City 3.0. This concept is based on the co-creation. In this line to address the problem, a citizen-centric methodology using the latest information and communications technologies and internet of things technologies is presented. As a practical application, different categories of unexpected events related to the Faculty of Education building at the University of Alicante have been identified as a consequence of the impact of its environment. An uncomfortable or non-accessible environment causes unforeseen behaviour of individuals. Originality/value There are no analytical tools to investigate how aspects of the urban environment cause uncertainty about the acceptance of projects by future citizen users. This work takes a step forward in that direction.
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Hassan, H. S., E. Shehab i J. Peppard. "A Framework for E-Service Implementation in the Developing Countries". International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management 2, nr 1 (styczeń 2011): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcrmm.2011010104.
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This paper proposes a conceptual framework for explaining the main barriers and drivers of public e-service development and the relationships among them, especially in developing countries. This framework increases the chance of success of e-service projects in the governments of developing countries and provides a basic context within which the process and practice of e-service can be implemented successfully. This paper accomplishes this task by flowing from the traditional rigid context, which occurs in many developing countries, to full public e-service environment, emphasizing citizen-centric focus and digitalisation. The proposed framework builds on prior literature in the area of e-service development in public organisations and from the efforts undertaken in developing countries, considering e-government lessons learned in developing countries. The framework is flexible enough to be adopted by governments at different levels in developing countries around the world.
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Konstantas, Dimitri, i Guy Fournier. "Fully automated public transportation mobility: the hidden challenges for a commercial deployment". Open Research Europe 3 (2.05.2023): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15751.1.
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During the past few years, many projects and initiatives were undertaken deploying and testing automated vehicles for public transportation and logistics. However, in spite of their ambition, all of these deployments stayed on the level of elaborated experimentation deploying no more than 4 to 5 Automated Vehicles in rather small sites (few Kms of roads) and never really reached the level of large scale “commercial” deployment of transport services. The reasons for this are many, but the most important being the lack of economic viability and commercially realistic models, the lack of scalability of the business and operating models, and the lack of inclusive citizen/user-centric services required for the large end-user acceptance and adoption of the solutions. In this paper, based on the experience gained in the H2020 AVENUE project, we present the missing pieces of the puzzle, and which will be addressed in the Horizon Europe project ULTIMO. In the AVENUE project we deployed public transportation services with AVs in 4 cities in Europe, where we were able to study, from one side, the full process in putting the vehicles on the road, identifying the obstacles for the different cities, and, from the other side, during the service deployment identify the passenger, and operator needs, both as needed transport and passenger services but also as economic requirements and restrictions, identifying this way the missing parts for a full scale commercial deployment.
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Kysh, Liudmyla. "PECULIARITIES OF GOVTECH TECHNOLOGIES IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM". Scientific Journal of Polonia University 53, nr 4 (15.11.2022): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/5321.
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The article has examined the consequences of modern digital transformation, which requires changes in the public administration system based on Government Technologies (GovTech). The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of GovTech technologies implementation in the system of public administration in Ukraine. A topical issue is an urgent need for public authorities to introduce innovative technologies to strengthen the state's dialogue with citizens and business entities and to expand the possibilities to provide public services of new quality. One of such approaches is GovTech, which includes modernization of the public sector to promote simple, efficient, and transparent citizen-centric governance. The need for GovTech solutions is growing, given the further development of post-pandemic activities, which requires increased availability of developed models, considering the accessible technological capabilities and the digital gap. It has been found that the GovTech agenda involves using artificial intelligence and machine learning; cloud computing and the Internet of Things; open public data platforms; local support systems for business entities developing programs for the state. The country's insufficient level of digital transformation, the availability of low volume and poor quality of state electronic services, and a lack of experience in using state e-services have been detected. It has also been established that promising directions for the development of GovTech projects should be platforms for interaction with consumers, a general online environment for interaction, and the implementation of such models as "Smart City" and a digital region.
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Granell, C., D. Bhattacharya, S. Casteleyn, A. Degbelo, M. Gould, C. Kray, M. Painho i S. Trilles. "GEO-C: ENABLING OPEN CITIES AND THE OPEN CITY TOOLKIT". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W8 (11.07.2018): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w8-61-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The GEO-C doctoral programme, entitled “Geoinformatics: Enabling Open Cities”, is funded by the EU Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions (International Training Networks (ITN), European Joint Doctorates) until December 2018, and is managed by three European universities in Germany, Portugal and Spain. 15 doctoral grantholders (Early Stage Researchers) were selected to work on specific three-year projects, all contributing to improving the notion of open cities, and specifically to an Open City Toolkit of methodologies, code, and best practice examples. Contributions include volunteered geographic information (VGI), public information displays, mobility apps to encourage green living, providing open data to immigrant populations, reducing the second-order digital divide, sensing of quality of life, proximity based privacy protection, and spatio-temporal online social media analysis. All doctoral students conducted long-term visits and were embedded in city governments and businesses, to gain experience from multiple perspectives in addition to the researcher and users’ perspective. The projects are situated within three areas: transparency, participation, and collaboration. They took mostly a bottom-up (citizen-centric) approach to (smart) open cities, rather than relying on large IT companies to create smart open cities in a top-down manner. This paper discusses the various contributions to enabling open cities, explains in some detail the Open City Toolkit, and its possible uses and impact on stakeholders. A follow-up doctoral program has been solicited and, if successful, will continue this line of research and will strengthen aspects of privacy, data provenance, and trust, in an effort to improve relations between data (e.g. news) publishers and consumers.</p>
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Lehtiniemi, Tuukka, i Minna Ruckenstein. "The social imaginaries of data activism". Big Data & Society 6, nr 1 (styczeń 2019): 205395171882114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053951718821146.
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Data activism, promoting new forms of civic and political engagement, has emerged as a response to problematic aspects of datafication that include tensions between data openness and data ownership, and asymmetries in terms of data usage and distribution. In this article, we discuss MyData, a data activism initiative originating in Finland, which aims to shape a more sustainable citizen-centric data economy by means of increasing individuals' control of their personal data. Using data gathered during long-term participant-observation in collaborative projects with data activists, we explore the internal tensions of data activism by first outlining two different social imaginaries – technological and socio-critical – within MyData, and then merging them to open practical and analytical space for engaging with the socio-technical futures currently in the making. While the technological imaginary favours data infrastructures as corrective measures, the socio-critical imaginary questions the effectiveness of technological correction. Unpacking them clarifies the kinds of political and social alternatives that different social imaginaries ascribe to the notions underlying data activism, and highlights the need to consider the social structures in play. The more far-reaching goal of our exercise is to provide practical and analytical resources for critical engagement in the context of data activism. By merging technological and socio-critical imaginaries in the work of reimagining governing structures and knowledge practices alongside infrastructural arrangements, scholars can depart from the most obvious forms of critique, influence data activism practice, and formulate data ethics and data futures.
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Hivon, Julien, i Ryad Titah. "Conceptualizing citizen participation in open data use at the city level". Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 11, nr 1 (20.03.2017): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-12-2015-0053.
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Purpose Open data initiatives represent a critical pillar of smart cities’ strategies but remain insufficiently and poorly understood. This paper aims to advance a conceptualization of citizen participation and investigates its effect on open data use at the municipal level. Design/methodology/approach Based on 14 semi-structured interviews with citizens involved in open data projects within the city of Montréal (Canada), the paper develops a research model linking the multidimensional construct of citizen participation with initial use of open data in municipalities. Findings The study shows that citizen participation is a key contributor to the use of open data through four distinct categories of participation, namely, hands-on activities, greater responsibility, better communication and improved relations between citizens and the open data portal development team. While electronic government research often views open data implementation as a top-down project, the current study demonstrates that citizens are central to the success of open data initiatives and shows how their role can be effectively leveraged across various dimensions of participation. Originality/value This paper proposes a conceptualization of citizen participation on open data use at the municipal level. Citizen participation is a found to be a key contributor to the use of open data through four distinct categories of participation, namely, hands-on activities, greater responsibility, better communication and improved relations between citizens and the open data portal development team. This paper demonstrates the critical role of citizen participation in open government.
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Oberoi, K., S. Purohit, P. A. Verma, A. Deshmukh, S. Saran i P. Chauhan. "GEOSPATIAL BASED CITIZEN CENTRIC WATER QUALITY MEASUREMENT SOLUTION". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (19.11.2018): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-75-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Citizen science has emerged as a game changer in various scientific endeavors, wherein scientific data for understanding the phenomenon could be collected by volunteers/non-specialist in a quick possible time. Citizens nowadays play an important role by functioning as “sensors” helping government/institutions by collecting and analyzing data. The advancements and convergence of technologies (Information and communication technologies (ICT)), especially the Internet and mobile technology has further assisted in such efforts. Moreover, the location sensors (GPS) and camera on board the mobile devices enables citizens to collect geotagged data. The classic example is the OpenStreetMap project where volunteers contribute towards the mapping of the planet. This paper highlights the geospatial solution based on citizen science to collect geotagged data about the water quality (turbidity). This solution is developed using open source tools and consists of an Android based mobile app and web based dashboard on the server side for real time data visualization and analysis. The web application is designed and developed using PHP, JavaScript, HTML & CSS and allows user to view the interpolated geotagged data about water quality over various background maps like OSM, Bhuvan etc. PostgreSQL/PostGIS are used as the backend geospatial data server for storing the geotagged dataset. Such solution will be very useful for water quality monitoring as part of national level project like Clean Ganga Mission using the citizen centric approach.</p>
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Sorn-in, Kanda, Kulthida Tuamsuk i Wasu Chaopanon. "Factors affecting the development of e-government using a citizen-centric approach". Journal of Science & Technology Policy Management 6, nr 3 (5.10.2015): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-05-2014-0027.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the factors affecting the development of e-government by using a citizen-centric approach. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is a mixed-methods study consisting of qualitative and quantitative research. Data were collected from government agencies using a structured interview and questionnaire about e-government services. The research was collected from the people responsible for the management of an e-government project in 75 government agencies. In addition, the researcher collected data from 1,400 citizens by using an e-Survey questionnaire that grouped participants by age. Findings – By using a citizen-centric approach, the paper identified the factors affecting the development of e-government. There were five factors from the viewpoint of government agencies and citizen groups: quality of e-government services, policy and governance, information technology infrastructure, organization and economy and society. Research limitations/implications – The research covered the development patterns of e-government for services from government to citizens only. Practical implications – Seeing the importance of environmental factors for both service providers and service users would facilitate continuous improvement of e-government service provision by government agencies. Social implications – The results reflect citizens’ need for e-government services; quality is their priority. Hence, government agencies must consider the quality of the delivery of information and e-government services as they relate to the lifestyles and needs of citizens. Originality/value – The creation of knowledge from merging e-government concepts with citizen-centric principles is a modern government sector management theory. This research stresses the need for the government sector to see the need for e-government and to recognize the factors for its successful development. This means the design and development of e-government services should respond to the increasing needs of the citizens.
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Kuča, Petr, Jan Helebrant i Peter Bossew. "Citizen monitoring of ambient dose rate: the SAFECAST project". Radiation Protection Dosimetry 199, nr 8-9 (24.05.2023): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncad079.
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Abstract Citizen Science (CS) is research performed by citizens who are not professional scientists in general. SAFECAST was founded in Japan after the Fukushima accident 2011, motivated by distrust in the perceived biassed information by authorities about radiation situation. Measurements of ambient dose rate (ADR) performed by citizens were intended to verify and complement official data using bGeigieNano designed for purpose, recording ADR, GPS coordinates and date/time allowing projection on digital maps. The project expanded internationally, by mid-2022 containing ⁓180 million measurements. CS generates large amount of data as valuable source for science; it has educational value and serves communication between citizens and professionals. Problems consist in quality assurance (QA): citizens who are no trained metrologists are usually little familiar with notions of representativeness, measurement protocols and uncertainty that are the central QA topics. We discuss variability of response of instruments of the same kind under same ambient conditions and isotropy of response under field conditions.
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Terenzini, John, Smriti Safaya i Laura J. Falkenberg. "Motivations and Barriers to Participation in Citizen Science: The Case Study of the Hong Kong Jellyfish Project". Citizen Science: Theory and Practice 8, nr 1 (26.07.2023): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/cstp.618.
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Citizen science projects are designed to encourage involvement of the public with science. Understanding demographics of participants and factors that motivate or create barriers to participation are central in ensuring citizen science is effective. Citizen science is not new to Asia, but its implementation is underrepresented in the published literature of that geographic area, with the current focus largely on Western countries. Here, we consider the experience of citizen scientists participating in the Hong Kong Jellyfish Project. Survey responses (N = 87) indicate demographics similar to other citizen science programs, with participant gender reflective of the general population, and participants typically in full-time employment and highly educated. The main motivating factors for participation were: the project had meaningful goals, and participants wanted to contribute to science and to learn more about jellyfish. The main barriers to participation were: not being aware that absence of jellyfish was a valid observation, lack of knowledge, and lack of time. Notably, survey responses indicate inclusive bilingual communication made the project more appealing to respondents, improved participation, and increased motivation. Interestingly, these results indicate demographic traits, motivating factors, and barriers to participation of citizen scientists in Hong Kong are similar to elsewhere, and further research should be conducted to see if the same patterns persist across other cultural contexts. Where recognized, these motivational factors and barriers can inform the design of citizen science projects to more effectively attract and engage participants.
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Kasperowski, Dick, i Thomas Hillman. "The epistemic culture in an online citizen science project: Programs, antiprograms and epistemic subjects". Social Studies of Science 48, nr 4 (23.05.2018): 564–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312718778806.
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In the past decade, some areas of science have begun turning to masses of online volunteers through open calls for generating and classifying very large sets of data. The purpose of this study is to investigate the epistemic culture of a large-scale online citizen science project, the Galaxy Zoo, that turns to volunteers for the classification of images of galaxies. For this task, we chose to apply the concepts of programs and antiprograms to examine the ‘essential tensions’ that arise in relation to the mobilizing values of a citizen science project and the epistemic subjects and cultures that are enacted by its volunteers. Our premise is that these tensions reveal central features of the epistemic subjects and distributed cognition of epistemic cultures in these large-scale citizen science projects.
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Klebel, Marco Akira. "The Role of Participation in Urban Landscape Planning in Yokohama: The Success of the Takashima Central Park Project". Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies 3, nr 1 (1.03.2012): 33–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vjeas-2012-0002.
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Abstract In Japan, citizens’ participation in urban planning is called machizukuri. This kind of cooperation between citizens and city administration in urban planning appeared in the 1970s, as a countermovement to the traditional top-down urban planning called toshikeikaku of the 1960s. Municipal city planning increasingly encouraged machizukuri projects, allowing citizens to participate in planning activities. The City of Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture promoted innovative methods of participation. From the ‘Letters to the Mayor’ in the late 1960s to current programmes, the City of Yokohama established many support measures for machizukuri activities and in the 1990s the administration approved the engagement of citizens as an important management tool, as seen in the City Construction Project for the Citizens of Yokohama. One contribution to this project is the Takashima Central Park Project, which started in 2008 and which is considered by many critics as a very successful participation project. This paper focuses on the questions of how far the Takashima Central Park Project was successful and what the reasons for success or unspoken failure were by referring to the theories of the German political scientist Angelika Vetter and the German political sociologist Brigitte Geißel. The research is based on qualitative interviews with some of the people involved, such as citizens, planners and administrative personnel. The article will identify the various aspects of the complex variable ‘success’ and their interdependence.
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Kuokkanen, Kanerva. "Assessing the Democratic Qualities of Programmes and Projects". Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration 17, nr 2 (15.06.2013): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.58235/sjpa.v17i2.15760.
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A central element in networked forms of governance is the use of projects and related policy instruments and forms of action. However, the relation between “projectification” and democracy has so far been researched only to a limited extent. This article is based on the analysis of a specific participatory project, in which the aim was to test and model different forms of citizen participation. The broader policy programme which the project belonged to is also scrutinised. According to this study, the programme level was based on traditional forms of steering, whereas projects allow flexibility and new forms of participation and deliberation. However, enhanced possibilities for participation do not necessarily increase the influence of involved actors as the relationship between the projects and the permanent municipal administration remains weak.
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Mwesigwa, David. "Towards enhancing local citizen participation in Uganda". Dynamics of Politics and Democracy 1, nr 1 (25.08.2021): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/dpd.v1i1.449.
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Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose an alternative model of enhancing citizen participation in Uganda. Research Methodology: The central approach for this paper was review of obtainable theoretical and conceptual writings on citizen participation in Uganda and other parts of the world. Literature review is the gathering of information from obtainable resources such as educational journals and statistical periodicals. The approach has been demonstrated to be very effective and can be applied at any stage of a research process. Results: Citizen Participation encourages marginalised groups to be organised in structures under their control; brings knowledge of their social environment and process to the local government agenda in a way that no other structure can as well as fostering self-reliance. Limitations: This study took a desk research and the actual opinions from selected citizens may be parallel to the conclusions obtained in this review. Contribution: The study can be used for local government managers implementing community-driven projects. Keywords: Citizen participation, policy implementation, stakeholders, bureaucrats, local leaders
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Raddick, Michael Jordan, Edward E. Prather i Colin S. Wallace. "Galaxy zoo: Science content knowledge of citizen scientists". Public Understanding of Science 28, nr 6 (19.05.2019): 636–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963662519840222.
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We report the results of a large-scale study of the state of science content knowledge of volunteers in Galaxy Zoo ( www.galaxyzoo.org ), an online citizen science project in which public volunteers classify galaxies in an effort to benefit cutting-edge astronomy research. We were interested in whether participating in Galaxy Zoo leads to any increase in participants’ astrophysical content knowledge. To assess volunteer content knowledge, we examined the responses of 1476 Galaxy Zoo volunteers to 32 conceptually challenging multiple-choice questions. We looked for any relationships between participants’ assessment scores and the number of galaxies classified upon answering the first assessment question, the number of galaxies classified between their first response and their final response to the assessment, and the length of time since they first created their Galaxy Zoo account. All relationships were of small effect size. These results suggest that participation in the project’s central galaxy classification task, in and of itself, is not associated with increased astrophysical content knowledge. We strongly recommend that future studies of online citizen science environments examine how volunteers take advantage of opportunities to develop their knowledge and skills outside of the self-contained central task, especially in the context of opportunities for interactions with other volunteers.
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Sarangi, Dhananjaya, Manas Kumar Pal, Sashikanta Prusty i Qiyang Chen. "Smart City E-Governance Through Intelligent ICT Framework". International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 14, nr 2 (kwiecień 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisss.290543.
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The concept of Smart Cities was developed during the first decade of 21st century and the govt. of India has started the smart city mission since June, 2015. Smart city e-governance is an integral part of this paper and the deliverables are quite helpful for citizen centric services. The ‘smartness’ of a city is linked to the provision of city centric services, high quality of life and the proper utilization of available resources in tandem with the government, which helps through investments in citizens, transport and modern communication infrastructure (ICT) for sustainable economic development. This article aims at explaining the Smart City project design architecture, describing how city data is collected, transmitted, stored and processed using smart IoT devices, Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques.
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Mapuva, Jephias, Edson Paul Mutema i Zvimekria Clive Mukushwa. "RE-VISITING THE CONSTITUTIONALISATION OF LOCAL GOVERNANCE IN ZIMBABWE: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR DEVELOPMENT." Journal of Public Administration and Development Alternatives 5, nr 2 (1.09.2020): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.55190/rdhc9092.
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In conventional participatory paradigm, it is significant to involve citizens in decision- making processes in projects that affect their lives. Citizen participation enhances transparency and legitimacy as well as accountability and responsiveness from those entrusted with public office. In Zimbabwe, the constitutionalisation of local governance has seen a provision obligating Central Government to support devolution through the provision of financial resources. This article explores opportunities provided by the constitution through an elaborate discussion of devolution rolled out by the Government in Zimbabwe. Practical examples of the implementation of devolution projects in different districts in the country are given. The presentation of financial allocation of devolution funds are evidence of commitment by Government to implement devolution as a community empowerment initiative.Gleanings from available literature concluded that it has been worthwhile to constitutionalise Local Governance in Zimbabwe.
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Wiberg, Sofia. "Planning With Art: Artistic Involvement Initiated by Public Authorities in Sweden". Urban Planning 7, nr 3 (29.09.2022): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v7i3.5367.
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In a Swedish context, public authorities have, over the past 10 years, implemented a number of initiatives to make art a central part of not only sustainable development but also urban planning as a practice, process, and knowledge area. Art and artistic methods are seen to contribute with new methods for site analyses (often in combination with citizen involvement) to enhance embodied and situated knowledge and give space to critical reflection. One of the Swedish initiatives is called Art Is Happening. Between 2016 and 2018, the Swedish government assigned the Public Art Agency Sweden money to work with public art and citizen inclusion in million program areas.<em> </em>The initiative was framed as using artistic methods to strengthen democracy in areas with low turnout. Fifteen places around the country were selected. In this article, the focus is on one of those projects in Karlskrona, where an artist collaborated with citizens to create a public artwork and local meeting place. During the process, the artist partly lived in the area. Rather than discussing the artistic project from a binary logic as disempowerment/empowerment, consensual/agonistic, and political/antipolitical, it is examined as a process involving a mixture of both, where power unfolded in ways that were both problematic and valuable at the same time. This approach moves away from “good or bad” to a nuanced way of discussing how artistic methods can contribute to understandings of situated knowledge production in urban planning.
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Mpolomoka, Daniel L., Musonda Luchembe, Selina Banda, Peter Sampa, Stabile Namwai Ngambi i Maria Lungowe Mundia. "Participatory Practice in Zambia: Pitfalls and Hopes for Tomorrow". Asian Education Studies 3, nr 3 (28.06.2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/aes.v3i3.476.
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This paper is informed by findings of a study which sought to explore citizen participation in Zambia. The paper used a phenomenological design. Qualitative data was collected and analysed using emerging themes. The results revealed that many Zambian citizens do not participate in developmental and economic activities, projects and programmes due to lack of development prevailing in most parts of the country, and in particular the high levels of economic stress that are felt at individual and household levels. The inability to implement the sound choices and policy decisions craft by central government though a number of policies, ratifications and deliberate initiatives that the country has assented to, aimed at encouraging participatory practice. This has also caused citizens to lose trust in legislatures. At local level, the majority of citizens have inadequate access to basic social and economic services to live dignified lives. Government’s inability to provide such services has made citizens not to see the need to participate in any developmental programmes. With all such situations, Zambian citizens are discouraged to participate in the governance of the country and therefore, participatory practices fail.
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Janssen-Jansen, Leonie B., i Menno van der Veen. "Contracting communities: Conceptualizing Community Benefits Agreements to improve citizen involvement in urban development projects". Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, nr 1 (28.09.2016): 205–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x16664730.
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Contractual agreements are becoming increasingly important for city governments seeking to manage urban development. Contractual governance involves direct relations between the local state and different public and private actors and citizens. Although abundant literature exists on public–private partnerships related to urban development projects, agreements made between citizens, interest organizations and market parties, such as Community Benefits Agreements remain under-explored and under-theorized. While it may seem that the state is absent from contemporary forms of contractual governance, such agreements remain highly intertwined with government policies. The central aim of this paper is to better conceptualize Community Benefits Agreement practices in order to build understanding of how contractual governance caters for direct end-user involvement in urban development, and to yield insights into its potential as to render development processes more inclusive. Based on academic literature in planning and law, expert interviews and several case studies in New York City, this paper conceptualizes end-user involvement in urban development projects and innovates within urban planning and governance theory through the use of two new concepts—project collectivity and the image of a fourth chair.
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Gonzalez, Sergio. "Cultural heritage and citizen defense: the Central railway Station of Santiago de Chile." Revista de Antropologia Visual 3, nr 30 (28.10.2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47725/rav.030.10.
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From an expanded notion of cultural heritage based on social and citizen dimensions that contribute new scopes to the complexity of this area, the patrimonial defense experience recorded in the 1990s is analyzed, in which it was intended to denaturalize the railway stations of the Central Station by changing its use and functions by commercial activities. This implied a citizen reaction to stop the projects that involved the loss of the last railway terminal in the city. In the text, characteristics and conditions are systematized that can explain the successful results of this citizen mobilization in defense of a milestone in the railway culture of the city and the country.
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Kimengsi, Jude Ndzifon, Balgah Roland Azibo i Akhere Solange Gwan. "Enhancing Community Participation for Rural Development in Central Ejagham of Cameroon: Challenges and Prospects". International Journal of Community Development 4, nr 1 (18.08.2016): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11634/233028791503745.
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Community participation in rural development is no longer a new terminology in the development lexicon of developing countries. In most developing nations, there exist a great disparity between the rural and the urban centres in terms of socio-economic development. Central Ejagham, an enclaved community in Manyu Division of southwestern Cameroon has, over the years, been faced with a number of development challenges. In response to this, and inline with the government of Cameroon’s policy of supporting self-reliant development, the community engaged in a series of self-defined community development activities in a multiplicity of sectors, on the bases of locally identified abilities and resources. This paper adopts qualitative methods such as interviews, focus group discussions, detailed field observations which were complemented by secondary data sources and content analysis to examine the barriers and indigenous efforts towards enhancing community participation in Central Ejagham. We observe that the level of participation in a majority of the projects falls either within the “tokenism” or the “citizen control” rungs of Sherry Arnstein’s Ladder of Citizen Participation. In addition, although “tokenism” rung projects in Central Ejagham receive much financial and technical support, although they are saddled with commitment-related challenges. Conversely, projects at the “citizen control” rung are characterized by significant commitment but are hampered by limited (financial and technical)resources. To further enhance community participation, we recommend that projects at the “tokenism” rung which are generally viable in terms of financial and technical capacity be stepped up to the “citizen control” level, inorder to guarantee maximum participation for better results. In addition, we suggest that the legislative arm of the government should introduce a bill on the need to effectively support community developmental efforts. This. We believe, will make “citizen control” rung projects to become more effective. Finally, a platform to guarantee the sustainability of projects and to ensure the adequate dissemination of information on sourcing for external funding to support projects should be introduced.
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Diehl, Eva. "Participatory Democracy as a Constitutional Requirement: Experiences with Citizen Participation in Post-Revolutionary Tunisia". Recht in Afrika 23, nr 2 (2020): 215–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6270-2020-2-215.
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The Tunisian Constitution of 2014 requires local authorities to adopt mechanisms of participatory democracy. This paper presents how citizen participation in development planning has been implemented by the Tunisian administration in the frame of two Tunisian-German cooperation projects funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and implemented by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. The first project example consists of a multi-stakeholder dialogue for integrated water resource management in Kairouan, central Tunisia, whereas the second example is about citizen participation in planning small-scale investments in local infrastructure in different parts of the country. External facilitation, inclusiveness, transparency, expectation management and commitment from all levels of the administration are described as success factors for implementing participatory processes. Similar cooperation projects supporting citizen participation should be aware of on-going power struggles at different levels, as well as the challenges of local legal implementation. Both examples illustrate areas of tension between the remnants of the authoritarian past in Tunisia, and innovative democratic approaches. Furthermore, the examples allow to observe how ambiguities regarding the distribution of decision-making power between national, regional and local level become manifest in the on-going process of decentralisation in Tunisia.
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Winzen, Thomas, i Jofre Rocabert. "Citizen-centred or state-centred? The representational design of International Parliamentary Institutions". Review of International Studies 47, nr 1 (4.11.2020): 128–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210520000327.
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AbstractAs a result of the spread of International Parliamentary Institutions (IPIs), international organisations face crucial questions of representational design. We introduce a distinction between citizen-centred and state-centred IPIs in international organisations (IO). Drawing on original data, we show that, even though parliaments might seem likely to foster citizen representation in the international realm, they in fact often follow state-centred representational designs. We further find that citizen-centred IPIs are a near exclusive phenomenon of a few, democratic regional integration projects. Given the prevalence of state-centred representational designs, we conclude that IPIs’ potential to represent different cross-border communities, concerns, and conflict lines than intergovernmental IO bodies remains institutionally limited. IPIs are thus unlikely to challenge these bodies in similar ways as often observed in the relationship between the European Parliament and the European Union's Council of Ministers.
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Yelles, Abdellatif, i Boudjemaa Khalfallah. "Impact of citizen participation in precarious housing resorption programs in Algeria (case of Sidi Slimane neighborhood, city of Boussaâda)". Technium Social Sciences Journal 38 (23.01.2023): 918–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v38i1.8374.
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Citizen and inhabitant participation in public interests has taken its importance over the last two centuries in Europe and the United States, and by the end of the 20th century, it had become central to debates around the issue of urban governance, social and urban development projects in particular. In recent decades, many countries have increasingly organizing collaborative governance, participatory budgeting and other models in which citizens can intervene more directly. It is emphasized that Algerian cities experienced a massive rural exodus during the 1990s for several reasons: insecurity, urban disparities and the attractiveness of services. This research studies the impact of citizen participation in programmers to reduce precarious habitat in the precarious neighborhood of Sidi Slimane in Boussaâda, a medium-sized city in the Algerian high plains. Since the end of the 1990s, this precarious neighborhood has undergone several operations aimed at improving its living environment, including the programme to reduce precarious habitat (PHR). The World Bank finances the latter in 2000, followed by a national programme of the same kind during the two decades that followed. Several modes, media and actors, essentially define citizen participation in these programmes: individuals, citizen entities, organizations and local authorities. In the field, it has been noted that each menu operation (rehousing, preservation, completion), is an experience conditioned by several dimensions (temporal, social, regulatory etc.). Therefore, the impact of citizen participation in these operations needs to be studied and arbitrated.
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Helebrant, Jan, i Petr Kuča. "SUPPORT TO CITIZEN RADIATION MONITORING OF RADIOACTIVITY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC—PROJECT RAMESIS". Radiation Protection Dosimetry 186, nr 2-3 (grudzień 2019): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncz220.
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Abstract Project ‘RAMESIS’, solved by SURO+UTEF+NUVIA, is aimed at the improvement of population safety through supporting Citizen Monitoring in Czechia. Radiation monitoring system at the level of institutions, schools and citizens will be developed and implemented, covering equipment for both fixed-site and mobile monitoring using simple-designed and easy-to-operate detectors, enabling their usage by public and mass-production at acceptable price. The instrumentation includes central application for reception, storage, administration and publication of monitoring results analyzed and presented on web-portal, tools for user’s local online and offline data visualization on a map background, and web portal providing training and informational materials for understanding radiation problems. The system will be implemented in selected institutions and schools, initial sets of detectors are distributed free of charge among schools, institutions and the public. This article describes the technical part of the project, solved in the framework of Ministry of Interior-founded security research ID VI20152019028.
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Makuch, Karen E., i Miriam R. Aczel. "Eco-Citizen Science for Social Good: Promoting Child Well-Being, Environmental Justice, and Inclusion". Research on Social Work Practice 30, nr 2 (11.12.2019): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731519890404.
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This article examines the benefits and challenges of engaging children in environmental citizen science, defined as science conducted by nonspecialists under the direction of professional scientists, to promote social good. Citizen science addresses two central elements of the social good model—environmental justice and inclusion with particular attention to diversity in age, gender, race/ethnicity, and social class in addressing environmental injustice that is more prevalent in underrepresented communities. This article evaluates how participation in citizen science projects focused on the environment (eco-citizen science) benefits the child’s development, contributes to science, and leads to commitment to environmental stewardship and justice as adults. Our work offers a novel contribution to the discourse on social good and social justice through explicitly calling for children to be included in environmental citizen science projects. We examine the benefits and challenges of involving children in scientific projects and discuss implications for policy, practice, and future research.
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Foglesong, D. S. "How to End a Cold War". Concept: philosophy, religion, culture, nr 1 (7.07.2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2020-1-13-49-59.
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Histories of the end of the Cold War that have focused on the roles of the top leaders of the United States and the Soviet Union have neglected an important dimension of the ending of the antagonism between the West and the East. Before Ronald Reagan and M.S. Gorbachev met at Geneva in November 1985, citizens of the USA, the USSR, and European nations who were alarmed by the danger of nuclear war formed new organizations dedicated to overcoming the hostility between their nations. British members of European Nuclear Disarmament and American activists in groups such as Beyond War and Peace Links established connections to independent groups in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union as well as the Committee of Soviet Women and the Committee for the Defense of Peace in the USSR. These relationships made it possible to organize very ambitious citizen diplomacy projects. Hundreds of Soviet citizens made extensive speaking tours in the United States while numerous British and American activists visited the Soviet Union. These exchanges dispelled negative stereotypes and helped to end the mutual demonization that had been central to the Cold War since the late 1940s. Analysis of the experiences of the citizen diplomats in the 1980s yields lessons for contemporary international relations about the importance of avoiding one-sided blame for conflicts and the need to move beyond recriminations about the past in order to develop cooperation in the present and future.
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Kelemen-Finan, Julia, Martin Scheuch i Silvia Winter. "Contributions from citizen science to science education: an examination of a biodiversity citizen science project with schools in Central Europe". International Journal of Science Education 40, nr 17 (19.09.2018): 2078–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2018.1520405.
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Micocci, Stefano, i Andrea Trabucco. "Integrazione dei sistemi Cup: aspetti tecnologici e aspetti organizzativi". SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, nr 1 (maj 2009): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2009-su1005.
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- The management of waiting times within the access system to sanitary services represents a highly critic factor for the sanitary system, because it negatively affects the perception of quality by the citizen, limiting the guarantee of an equal access. The reorganisation of the Cup system represents a central point in the administration of the sanitary offer to the Emilia Romagna Region, due to the maximum exploitation of the synergies with other technological and social networks (SOLE/Toll-free regional number/Monitoring networks for the performance control). The projects "Sparta" and "Cup Integratore" focus on technological and re-organisational aspects, in order to foster not only equity and the fruition of outpatient services, but also the definition and implementation of access system based on clinical priorities, and on the principle of providing for the citizen in order to guarantee the maximum respect of waiting times. It is finally illustrated the latest online access, capable of guaranteeing an availability which is intended to more and more conform to the citizens' modern lifestyles regarding their approach to the Health P.A.Keywords: Cup system; clinical priorities; equal access; waiting lists; health care; system.
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Maslov, A. V., i K. V. Shvandar. "New International Projects on the Use of Central Bank Digital Currencies in Transforming Cross-border Settlements". Financial Journal 15, nr 2 (kwiecień 2023): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31107/2075-1990-2023-2-47-58.
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In 2023, digital ruble is expected to appear in Russia. It is planned to allow for delay-free settlement of transactions with digital financial assets, automation of the use of smart contracts, and tracking of budget calculations. The Ministry of Finance plans to use the Russian digital currency in budget settlements. The first phase of the experiment to use a digital ruble has already involved a number of banks that are testing the opening of digital wallets on the Bank of Russia platform: deposits, transfers between citizens, as well as payments for goods and services. However, the question remains whether the digital ruble in today's environment will help solve the most important task — to facilitate crossborder payments. While the stage of development and testing is underway, it is necessary to pay particular attention to the issues of risk management, system stability, the peculiarities of interaction with other forms of fiat money, and to ensure the use of digital ruble in cross-border settlements. This article discusses test projects which are aimed at studying the functioning of the main channels of digital transactions, identification of problem areas and improvement of modern technologies in the field of cross-border payments. The purpose of this article is not an in-depth analysis of the results of any particular project, but a brief description of a number of projects to illustrate the activities of central banks of different countries in this area. Nor is it intended to compare these projects and draw conclusions about their results. An example of a more thorough study of some projects in order to use existing experience for new projects is the Report of the National Bank of Kazakhstan “Digital Tenge Project” (2021). All these projects are usually initiated by central banks, as well as international organizations and global financial market participants actively involved in international payment relations. The study of the results achieved during the testing of the projects give us an understanding of how settlements in CBDCs, including cross-border ones, may develop in the near future.
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Gaved, Mark, Ann Jones, Agnes Kukulska-Hulme i Eileen Scanlon. "A Citizen-Centred Approach to Education in the Smart City". International Journal of Digital Literacy and Digital Competence 3, nr 4 (październik 2012): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdldc.2012100104.
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Smart cities are often developed in a top-down approach and designers may see citizens as bits within data flows. A more human-centred perspective would be to consider what the smart city might afford its citizens. A high speed, pervasive network infrastructure offers the opportunity for ubiquitous mobile learning to become a reality. The MASELTOV project sees the smart city as enabling technology enhanced incidental learning: unplanned or unintentional learning that takes place in everyday life, in any place, at any time, with the city itself the context and the prompt for learning episodes. Migrants in particular will benefit: limited in their opportunity to attend formal education yet with a pressing need for language learning to support their integration. Incidental learning services, like smart city planning, need interdisciplinary communication for successful development. The authors describe the MASELTOV Incidental Learning Framework which will act as a boundary object to facilitate this process.
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Hanley, Ryan Patrick. "Hume's Last Lessons: The Civic Education of My Own Life". Review of Politics 64, nr 4 (2002): 659–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500035919.
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Hume's concern to promote public virtue is a central element of his philosophical project which deserves more attention than it has received. This article examines one of his most focused efforts at public moralism: his largely forgotten autobiography, My Own Life. By attending to its account of how Hume employed his vanity and ambition in his pursuit of fame and fortune—and discovered such virtues as temperance, industry, moderation, and independence in the process—it is argued that My Own Life was intended to serve as a “mirror-for-citizen.” for citizens of modern commercial republics, offering a model of civic virtue and worldly success for them to emulate. To show this Hume's didactic autobiography is compared to that of his friend Benjamin Franklin, which may have served as a model for Hume's.
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KEMEÇ, Abidin. "LIVING LABS EXPERIENCES IN TURKEY: EXAMPLES OF BAŞAKŞEHİR AND BODRUM". Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 14, nr 27 (26.06.2023): 320–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36543/kauiibfd.2023.013.
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Living Labs finds the ability to find solutions to problems that arise in cities, to implement original projects and to test existing projects. At the same time, financing, entrepreneurship and design support are provided to the project owners who are entitled to be supported in the life labs. In living labs, a network is organized in which citizens, local, national, international and global companies, non-governmental organizations, local and central governments, think tanks work in cooperation. The main purpose of the study is to provide a conceptual reflection on living labs and to evaluate its role in strengthening governance. Bodrum and Başakşehir Living Labs were chosen as the sample. The aims of the establishment of these two members, the strategic areas they have determined, the projects they have realized or planned, the events and competitions, and the collaborations they have established have been examined.
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Chatfield, Akemi Takeoka, i Christopher G. Reddick. "Smart City Implementation Through Shared Vision of Social Innovation for Environmental Sustainability". Social Science Computer Review 34, nr 6 (3.08.2016): 757–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439315611085.
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Environmental sustainability is a critical global issue that requires comprehensive intervention policies. Viewed as localized intervention policy implementations, smart cities leverage information infrastructures and distributed renewable energy smart micro-grids, smart meters, and home/building energy management systems to reduce city-wide carbon emissions. However, theory-driven smart city implementation research is critically lacking. This theory-building case study identifies antecedent conditions necessary for implementing smart cities. We integrated resource dependence, social embeddedness, and citizen-centric e-governance theories to develop a citizen-centric social governance framework. We apply the framework to a field-based case study of Japan’s Kitakyushu smart community project to examine the validity and utility of the framework’s antecedent conditions: resource-dependent leadership network, cross-sector collaboration based on social ties, and citizen-centric e-governance. We conclude that complex smart community implementation processes require shared vision of social innovation owned by diverse stakeholders with conflicting values and adaptive use of informal social governance mechanisms for effective smart city implementation.
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Morgan, Kevin, i Brian Webb. "Googling the City: In Search of the Public Interest on Toronto’s ‘Smart’ Waterfront". Urban Planning 5, nr 1 (13.03.2020): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v5i1.2520.
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Toronto’s Quayside waterfront regeneration project has become an international reference point for the burgeoning debate about the scope and limits of the digitally enabled ‘smart city’ narrative. The project signals the entry of a Google affiliate into the realm of ‘smart urbanism’ in the most dramatic fashion imaginable, by allowing them to potentially realise their long-running dream for “someone to give us a city and put us in charge.” This article aims to understand this on-going ‘smart city’ experiment through an exploration of the ways in which ‘techno-centric’ narratives and proposed ‘disruptive’ urban innovations are being contested by the city’s civic society. To do this, the article traces the origins and evolution of the partnership between Waterfront Toronto and Sidewalk Labs and identifies the key issues that have exercised local critics of the plan, including the public/private balance of power, governance, and the planning process. Despite more citizen-centric efforts, there remains a need for appropriate advocates to protect and promote the wider public interest to moderate the tensions that exist between techno-centric and citizen-centric dimensions of smart cities.
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Temeljotov Salaj, Alenka, Savis Gohari, Coline Senior, Yan Xue i Carmel Lindkvist. "An interactive tool for citizens’ involvement in the sustainable regeneration". Facilities 38, nr 11/12 (25.05.2020): 859–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-09-2019-0099.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test possibilities of real participation in FM field in response to the energy sustainable demand by using new technologies for better communication. It is acknowledged that the technological innovation is a necessary condition to make a city sustainable, though the challenge is not primarily on technology but on service transformation and improvement. Improving service quality requires the participatory and synergetic processes that attract an extra attention to the social and management aspects of urban planning. Design/methodology/approach This is an evidence-based research, which shows how FM can extent its impact on the build environment and society by bringing the socio-physiological aspect and the community in the central of the planning and design process. Findings An “urban” facility manager, through integration of multiple disciplines in a human-centre approach, can become the enabler and implementer of sustainable urban ecosystem, i.e. balancing social, economic and environmental pillars. This requires central involvement of FM in the planning and decision-making processes; therefore, its role and impact should be enlarged and better communicated. The enlargement of the FM's role initially requires an effective communication with people, whose behavioural change are prerequisite for the sustainability transition. The communication between FM and people should be interactive and iterative, in which they both define problems/needs and co-create the relevant solutions. Research limitations/implications This paper depicts an evidence-based FM practice, in which the website as an interactive tool is co-designed by the “facility management” students and the citizens to contribute to the real citizen participation in an effective communication process. Originality/value The high value for both, citizens and facility manager, is co-created information platform for upgrading the sustainability level and well-being in the communities. The tool is seen as an important starting contribution for the Paris climate agreement, and as a step toward human-centric-oriented urban sustainable regenerating project.
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Sharma, Nirwan, Laura Colucci-Gray, René van der Wal i Advaith Siddharthan. "Consensus Building in On-Line Citizen Science". Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (7.11.2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555535.
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A number of initiatives invite members of the public to perform online classification tasks such as identifying objects in images. These tasks are crucial to numerous large-scale Citizen Science projects in different disciplines, with volunteers using their knowledge and online support tools to, for example, identify species of wildlife or classify galaxies by their shapes. However, for complex classification tasks, such as this case study on identifying species of bumblebee, reaching an agreement between volunteers - or even between experts~-~may require consensus-building processes. Collaboration and teamwork approaches to problem solving and decision-making have been widely documented to improve both task performance and user learning in the real world. Most of these processes and projects are mediated online through feedback delivered in an asynchronous manner, and this article thus addresses a central research question: How do participants involved in species identification tasks respond to different forms of feedback provided in online collaboration, designed to support peer-learning and improve task performance? We tested four different approaches to feedback within a collaboration task, where participants reviewed their previously annotated data based on information curated from their peers on a long running online citizen science initiative. The selected interfaces have a strong foundation in social science and psychology literature and can be applied to citizen science practices as well as other online communities. Results showed that while all four approaches increased accuracy, there were differences based on the types of consensus that existed before collaboration. Such differences highlight the usefulness of different forms of feedback during collaboration for increasing data accuracy of identification and furthering users' expertise on identification tasks. We found that anonymised and goal-directed free text comments posted on social learning interfaces were most effective in improving data accuracy as well as creating opportunities for peer-learning, particularly where the species identification task was more difficult. This study has significant implications for extending the practice of citizen science across formal and informal learning environments and reaching out to a variety of users.
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Mouratidis, Anastasios. "Smooth integration of transport infrastructure into urban space". Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 5, nr 2 (22.12.2021): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v5i2.1379.
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Municipal authorities in industrialized and in developing countries face unceasingly the issues of congestion, insufficiency of transport means capacity, poor operability of transport systems and a growing demand for reliable and effective urban transport. While the expansion of infrastructure is generally considered as an undesirable option, in specific cases, when short links or ring roads are missing, new infrastructure projects may provide beneficial solutions. The upgrading and renewal of existing networks is always a challenge to the development of a modern city and the welfare of citizens. Central governance and management of transport systems, the establishment of smart and digital infrastructure, advanced surveillance and traffic monitoring, and intra-city energy-harvesting policy are some of the steps to be taken during the transition to a green and sustainable urban future.Municipal authorities have also to consider other options and strategies to create a citizen-friendly setting for mobility: diminish the need for trips (digitalization of services, e-commerce, etc.), shift from private to public transport and transform the urban form to promote non-motorized transport in favor of the natural environment and public health. A citizen-friendly policy based on the anticipation of future needs and technological development seems to be a requisite for European cities searching for a smooth integration of their networks into urban space.
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Graff, M. "Central Andean Railway in Peru". World of Transport and Transportation 18, nr 6 (30.07.2021): 272–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2020-18-6-272-303.
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Built in the late 19th century, the Central Andean Railway in Peru was created through attracting foreign capital and foreign engineering ideas. Large-scale plans for exploitation of the richest deposits of copper, silver and gold formed the basis for construction of this railway line. The engineering solutions used in this project impress specialists even today. In particular, the so-called zigzags, which made it possible to lay a route along the inaccessible mountain ranges of the Andes. As the main investor of the project, American entrepreneur Henry Meiggs, once once said that the train will arrive there where llama can get.The chief engineer, author of the project, overseeing construction of the Central Railway, was Ernest Malinowski, a Polish specialist, honorary citizen of Peru.«The project of engineer Ernest Malinowski provides for construction of a railway line at an altitude of almost 5000 meters above sea level , which is impossible. The implementation of the bridges and viaducts designed by him seems to be risky», – this is how his contemporaries evaluated the project of the Polish engineer.
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Gvozd, M., Oleh Karyy i Kateryna Protsak. "LOCALS SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS: DETERMINATION OF PRIORITY INFORMATION TOPICS FOR CITIZENS". Journal of Lviv Polytechnic National University. Series of Economics and Management Issues 6, nr 2 (1.11.2022): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/semi2022.02.010.
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Purpose. The work aims to improve the theoretical, methodological, and practical foundations of marketing communications between local self-government bodies and residents of the community's villages/settlements. Design/methodology/approach. The research's theoretical and methodological basis was the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists who studied the problems and issues of marketing communications of local self-government bodies. Used methods: abstract logical analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, and generalization.The information base was a sociological survey as part of the project “Information asymmetry in the interaction of local self-government bodies and residents of rural areas: analysis of the causes of occurrence and ways to overcome it”, which was implemented with the financial support of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation (Germany, 2021–2022). The survey conducts by using the questionnaire method among residents of rural areas in eight territorial communities in the Southern, Central, and Western regions of Ukraine. The error of representativeness is ± 5.2 %. The final sample was 3018 people (residents over 14 years old). Conclusions. It was established that long-term and trusting relations between local government and residents of rural communities are based on regular and high-quality communication. The hypothesis that the poorer the community residents are, the more interested they are in information about social projects has been refuted. The results of the study showed that this category of residents is most interested in information related to reporting on expenditures/incomes of the local budget, on the activities of the head of the community, local officials, local deputies, and infrastructure projects. The hypothesis “The more affluent residents are, the more they are interested in information about the community development (economic development and infrastructure projects, land issues)”. The hypothesis “The richer the residents, the more interested they are in information about community development (economic development and infrastructure projects, land issues)” was confirmed. The least exciting for this residence category is social projects, transfer of ownership or leasing, reporting on the head of the community activities, local employees and deputies, cultural events, and the educational sphere. The hypothesis that there are no gender and regional differences in determining priority information topics for local self-government bodies in marketing communications was also confirmed. Originality/value. The article analyzes the specifics of the target audience and identifies the needs and interests of different categories of community residents. The combined distribution of the interest of the residents of rural areas in information from various fields was carried out, depending on their feeling of abundance. Gender differences in marketing communications with the rural population are considered. Practical results. the research results presented in the article will be helpful to local self-government bodies for effective communication with residents of villages and towns and build a community communication strategy.