Rozprawy doktorskie: „Childhood”

1

Paul, Elizabeth S. "Pets in childhood : individual variation in childhood pet ownership". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385682.

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2

JARLICHT, CARLA E. SZAJDENFISZ. "CHILDHOOD AND CHILDHOODS: NARRATIVES OF ABANDONMENT IN FICTION AND IN REAL LIFE". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=18368@1.

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Esta dissertação compreende três eixos: infância, abandono e literatura infantil e juvenil. Traz como objetivos analisar como a infância abandonada é apresentada na literatura infantil e juvenil contemporânea brasileira e qual o impacto causado por essa literatura nas crianças que se encontram em situação de desamparo. Tomo o percurso histórico-sociológico sobre a construção do conceito de infância realizado pelo historiador Philippe Ariès e as pesquisas das historiadoras Mary Del Priore e Maria Luíza Marcílio que contemplam a infância brasileira e a questão do abandono. Proponho um corte transversal nessa leitura trazendo a contribuição filosófica de Walter Benjamin sobre a infância. No que tange à literatura, foram escolhidas quatro obras que se sensibilizam com a questão em debate: O Praça XV, de Paula Saldanha (1981), Cena de rua, de Ângela Lago (1994), O menino que não se chamava João e a menina que não se chamava Maria - um conto de fadas brasileiro, de Georgina Martins (1999) e Uólace e João Victor, de Rosa Amanda Strausz (1999). A pesquisa de campo foi realizada junto às crianças e adolescentes, freqüentadores do projeto Ao Encontro dos Meninos e Meninas em Situação de Rua na Fundação São Martinho, entidade civil de caráter filantrópico, situada na Lapa, Rio de Janeiro. Como proposta metodológica, foram desenvolvidas oito rodas de leitura, com duração média de 50 minutos, ao longo de quatro meses. Foi observado que a literatura despertou a reflexão e a fala desses meninos e meninas. Mudança, sonhos, medo da morte, abandono foram temas levantados e discutidos pelos participantes. A educação, a escola e a família surgem nas falas como soluções de uma vida diferente. Nos fragmentos de história trazidos por esses leitores contemplamos sentimentos e pensamentos que a história oficial não conta. Ao mesmo tempo, esses fragmentos remontam uma história que é coletiva.
The present dissertation approaches three axes: childhood, abandonment, and children’s and adolescent literature. The aim of this paper is to analyze how child abandonment is presented in children’s and adolescent Contemporary Literature, determining the impact caused by this kind of literature in helpless children. Historical and sociologic trajectory studied by the historian Philippe Ariès and the researches performed by the historians Mary Del Priore and Mary Luíza Marcílio concerning Brazilian children and abandonment issues are the connecting threads for the discussion about how to build the concept the childhood. We propose a cross-sectional segmentation adding the philosophical contributions of Walter Benjamin about childhood. Concerning literature, four children’s and adolescent books that deal with the topics studied were chosen for the analysis: O Praça XV (1981), by Paula Saldanha, Cena de rua (1994), by Ângela Lago, O menino que não se chamava João e a menina que não se chamava Maria [a Brazilian fairy tale] (1999), by Georgina Martins, and Uólace e João Victor (1999), by Rosa Amanda Strausz. The field research included children and adolescents, who attended the project Ao Encontro dos Meninos e Meninas em Situação de Rua at São Martinho Foundation, a philanthropic civil society, located in Lapa, Rio de Janeiro. The methodological approach included eight reading circles, lasting around 50 minutes each, during 4 months. It was observed that literature has led boys and girls to deep thinking and speaking. Changes, dreams, fear of death, abandonment were the topics brought about and discussed by the participants. Education, school, and family are subjects present in the children’s speeches considered as solutions for a better and different life. In the fragments of history brought by the readers we can see feelings and thoughts that do not belong to the original story. At the same time, these fragments are related to a collective story.

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3

Taylor, Stephanie Jane Caroline. "Childhood blood pressure : the influence of fetal and childhood factors". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399076.

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4

Warke, T. J. "Childhood airways inflammation". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268984.

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5

Ericksen, Glenda Joy. "Schizophrenia in childhood". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25850.

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The diagnosis of Schizophrenia in children has historically been the source of much psychiatric controversy, especially with regard to classification, treatment and prognosis. This was further complicated by the broad category for the diagnosis of psychotic disorders in childhood in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 11).This included Schizophrenia in childhood, autism, and other psychotic conditions. The work of Kolvin (1971 a-f) and Rutter (1972), have been instrumental in separating autism and Schizophrenia into distinct categories. This review is not aimed at being an exhaustive coverage of all the literature on Schizophrenia in childhood, but is focused on classification, phenomenology, epidemiology, differential diagnosis, etiology, course, cross-cultural factors, and treatment. The adult literature has been referred to, when there is no appropriate reference in the literature on children with Schizophrenia, in certain focused areas. Specific research questions will be discussed in depth in the appropriate sections. These are: 1) Is Schizophrenia with childhood onset a discretely homogenous entity or is the condition on a continuum with adult Schizophrenia? 2) Are the current classification systems diagnostically valid in children with Schizophrenia? 3) Do phenomenological descriptions of the condition assist the clinician diagnostically, given the financial constraints limiting the extent of special investigations, in the South African context? 4) The evidence concerning the etiology of Schizophrenia in childhood will be critically evaluated. 5) Do current treatment models have any relevance to clinical practice in South Africa, especially with regard to the need for cost-effective solutions? 6) Two cases obtained from the in-patient Unit of the Red Cross Hospital's Child and Family Unit will also be examined, in the light of the literature. As much of the literature prior to DSM III generally did not clearly differentiate between childhood Schizophrenia, autism and other heterogeneous conditions (Rutter, 1972), they have not been included, except for seminal papers. In addition the age groups in the papers do not always mention the pubertal status of the children, thus for the purpose of the review, primarily studies focusing on samples with onset prior to 13 years are included. These have lately been characterized in the literature as 'VEOS' (Very Early Onset Schizophrenia). In one of the few longitudinal studies of children with Schizophrenia, Werry, McClellan and Chard (1991), reported that more than half the sample (55%) which had been diagnosed as schizophrenic at first presentation, was found to have Bipolar Disorder at follow-up. It is possible that the papers reviewed may also reflect this once longitudinal follow-up has been completed. The results of longitudinal studies are awaited.

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6

Lee, Yun-Ryoung. "Memories of childhood /". Online version of thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12168.

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7

Berberoglu, Naile. "Children's childhoods : exploring childhood through children's interpretations of television advertisements in North Cyprus". Thesis, University of York, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2681/.

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In this study, I explore different aspects of childhood within a particular cultural and social space. I bring the sociology of childhood into dialogue with media studies to explore childhood in the lives of children themselves. In doing so I highlight the parallels that can be drawn between each discipline's approach to children and audiences, respectively. I use the similarities between the two disciplines and methodologies that are compatible with both in order to explore how children interpret constructions of childhood and depictions of children in Turkish media content in North Cyprus. To this end, I conducted 10 focus groups involving 40 children between the ages of seven and twelve. In these focus groups I asked children to interpret television advertisements that depict children and, using the discussions around these interpretations as a springboard, I encouraged them to talk about their experiences within their socio-cultural environment. I used discourse analysis to analyse the advertisements used in the focus groups and to incorporate the children's interpretations into my analysis as well as analysing the focus group transcripts using the cultural, social and economic backgrounds of the children as the context for my analysis. In addition, this study examines the fluid and ambivalent power dynamics between parents and children, both in terms of the actual exercise of power and in terms of constructions of meaning with regard to childhood. I argue for the importance of involving children's views and perspectives in research on childhood and demonstrate how doing research with children can work towards helping them to be heard. I also consider this approach to childhood as a step towards having children's social agency recognized in different institutions within society.

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8

Gulmez-dag, Gulcin. "Effectiveness Of Early Childhood Teacher Education Programs: Perceptions Of Early Childhood Teachers". Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614473/index.pdf.

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The purpose of this research study is to identify teachers&rsquo
perceptions on the effectiveness of their teacher education programs in supporting their professional practices. The data to the study were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 17 in-service teachers working in public early childhood institutions in Ankara. The data were analyzed through the emerging codes and themes shaped by the research questions. The results indicated that the 1998 program the study intended to investigate was found to be relatively satisfying in terms of developing professional teach ing competencies. The major weakness was reported to be theory-oriented structure which did not allow for ample practice opportunities both in the courses and in the field experiences. Moreover, due to the infancy ages of the field, the contents of courses offered were perceived to be in line with the essentials of primary and elementary level which contradicts the necessities of early childhood teaching. The findings were further discussed and interpreted.

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9

Fudge, Hazel. "Links between adverse childhood parenting experiences, childhood behaviour and adult social dysfunction". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/links-between-adverse-childhood-parenting-experiences-childhood-behaviour-and-adult-social-dysfunction(73d6a786-2c2d-4b17-80d1-5013fee8b4ad).html.

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10

Santos, M. "(un)childhood : performing the voices and times of childhood through relational video-making". Thesis, University of Westminster, 2015. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/9984y/-un-childhood-performing-the-voices-and-times-of-childhood-through-relational-video-making.

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This practice-based PhD is comprised of two interrelated elements: (i) ‘(un)childhood’, a 53’ video-essay shown on two screens; and (ii) a 58286 word written thesis. The project, which is contextualised within the tradition of artists working with their own children on time-based art projects, explores a new approach to timebased artistic work about childhood. While Stan Brakhage (1933-2003), Ernie Gher (1943-), Erik Bullot (1963-) and Mary Kelly (1941-) all documented, photographed and filmed their children over a period of years to produce art projects (experimental films and a time-based installation), these projects were implicitly underpinned by a construction of childhood in which children, shown as they grow, represent the abstract primitive subject. The current project challenges the convention of representing children entirely from the adult’s point of view, as aesthetic objects without a voice, as well as through the artist’s chronological approach to time. Instead, this project focuses on the relational joining of the child’s and adult’s points of view. The artist worked on a video project with her own son over a four-and-a-half year period (between the ages of 5 and 10) through which she developed her ‘relational video-making’ methodology. The video-essay (un)childhood performs the relational voices of childhood as resulting from the verbal interactions of both children and adults. The non-chronological nature of(un)childhood offers an alternative to the linear-temporal approach to the representation of childhood. Through montage and a number of literal allusions to time in its dialogue, (un)childhood performs the relational times of childhood by combining children’s lives in the present with the temporal dimensions that have traditionally constructed childhood: past, future and timeless.

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11

Sköldenberg, Erik. "Angiogenesis in childhood malignancies". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Surgical Sciences, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3481.

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Angiogenesis is necessary for the growth and spread of solid tumors. In these studies angiogenesis was measured in childhood malignancies in general and in Wilms’ tumor in particular, and cutting needle biopsy (CNB) specimens were evaluated for diagnosis in childhood renal tumors.

In 33 patients with Wilms’ tumor, tumor capillaries were quantified, expression of angiogenic growth factors in tumor tissue investigated, and concentrations of angiogenic growth factors in serum measured. Reference values for angiogenic growth factors were obtained in 80 healthy adults (fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF-2], vascular endothelial growth factor A [VEGF-A]) and 94 healthy children (angiogenin [ANG], epidermal growth factor [EGF], FGF-2, hepatocyte growth factor [HGF], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFA] and VEGF-A) aged 0.5-18 years. These reference values were compared with values in sera taken at diagnosis in 268 children with tumors and leukemias. CNB specimens were evaluated in 25 children with renal tumors.

A large number of capillaries was an independent prognostic factor for a poor outcome in Wilms’ tumor. Angiogenic growth factors were expressed in Wilms’ tumor tissue, and elevated concentrations of HGF and VEGF-A were found in both benign and malignant tumors. HGF was increased in leukemia, and TNFA was increased in leukemia, lymphoma and neuroblastoma. CNB, which proved to be a safe procedure, had a sensitivity of 76%.

These studies have demonstrated that quantification of capillaries is a prognostic factor in Wilms’ tumor and that HGF, TNFA and VEGF-A are frequently elevated in sera from children with cancer. Quantification of capillaries in tumor tissue and of circulating angiogenic growth factors would therefore seem to be of clinical relevance in managing children with cancer.

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12

Savahl, Shazly. "Ideological Constructions of Childhood". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1258_1301376751.

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Using the social constructionist theoretical framework as a point of departure, the primary aim of the study is to explore the extent to which the meanings that children assign to &lsquo
childhood&rsquo
are ideologically configured. More specifically, using the concept of well-being as a hermeneutic key, the study examines how children use specific discursive resources and repertoires to assign meaning to &lsquo
childhood&rsquo
. The outcome of this on children&rsquo
s meaning assignation and constructions of childhood is characterized by a consensus/contestation dichotomy as ichildren appear to both accept and resist the ideology. This emerges at the intrapersonal level (within the consciousness of children), the interpersonal level (between children) and societal level (between children and adult society). The study concludes by advancing the notion that childhood should be conceived of as an ideological configured construction, and not merely as a discursive construction, functioning within various social contexts. Thus, the meanings of childhood, whether constructed by, or present in discourses, cannot be independent from the ideologically configured social, historical and material structures. It is believed that this theoretical maneuver will bring theories of childhood into better alignment with practical actions resulting in opportunities for intervention, services, monitoring and research initiatives, as well as policy development and implementation, aimed at improving child and youth wellness.

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13

Lantto, M. (Marjo). "Childhood mortality in Finland". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526210247.

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Abstract The aim of this work was to assess trends in childhood mortality in Finland over the period 1969–2004 and to identify the main preventable causes of death in childhood. Specific topics of interest were childhood mortality due to infectious diseases and possible regional differences in childhood mortality. As accidents are the most common cause of death in childhood, we also analysed regional differences in accidental mortality in childhood between the years 1969 and 2013. Annual neonatal mortality declined by 78%, from 11.13/1000 in 1969 to 2.46/1000 in 2004, with perinatal disorders and congenital malformations the most common causes of death, while childhood mortality declined by 65% during the same period, from 0.67/1000 to 0.23/1000, with accidents the leading cause of death, followed by congenital malformations, tumours and haematological diseases, and infectious diseases. Childhood mortality due to infectious diseases decreased by 89%, from 0.12/1000 in 1969 to 0.013/1000 in 2004, and neonatal mortality from similar causes by 69%, from 0.50/1000 to 0.16/1000. Pneumonia, central nervous system infections and septicaemia were the most significant fatal infections in childhood. There were no significant differences in childhood mortality between the university hospital districts, but notable differences existed at the regional level between the central hospital districts. There were also considerable regional differences in childhood accidental mortality, which showed a tendency to persist with time, especially in the case of traffic accidents, suicides and homicides. Childhood mortality in Finland has declined markedly, and the trend was a continuous one throughout the period concerned. The differences between the central hospital districts, however, suggest that paediatric care in Finland may need further centralization. Accidents represent the main preventable cause of death in childhood, and further reductions in mortality could be achieved, especially through local preventive measures
Tiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tarkastella muutoksia lasten kuolleisuudessa Suomessa vuosina 1969–2004 ja selvittää tärkeimmät ehkäistävissä olevat kuolinsyyt lapsuudessa. Olimme kiinnostuneita erityisesti lasten infektiokuolleisuudesta ja mahdollisista alueellisista eroista lapsikuolleisuudessa. Koska tapaturmat ovat yleisin kuolinsyy lapsuudessa, analysoimme myös alueellisia eroja lapsuusiän tapaturmakuolleisuudessa vuosina 1969–2013. Neonataalikuolleisuus laski vuosina 1969–2004 78%, 11.13/1000:sta 2.46/1000:een. Perinataaliset ongelmat ja synnynnäiset epämuodostumat olivat yleisin kuolinsyy. Lapsuusiän kuolleisuus laski samanaikaisesti 65%, 0.67/1000:sta 0.23/1000:een tapaturmien ollessa yleisin kuolinsyy. Epämuodostumat, syövät ja hematologiset sairaudet sekä infektiot olivat myös merkittäviä kuolinsyitä. Infektiokuolleisuus laski seuranta-aikana lapsuusiässä 89%, 0.12/1000:sta 0.013/1000:een ja vastasyntyneisyyskaudella 69%, 0.50/1000:sta 0.16/1000:een. Keuhkokuume, keskushermostoinfektiot ja sepsikset olivat yleisimpiä kuolemaan johtavia infektioita lapsuudessa. Yliopistollisten sairaanhoitopiirien välillä ei esiintynyt alueellisia eroja lapsikuolleisuudessa, mutta pienempien sairaanhoitopiirien välillä havaittiin eroja. Myös tapaturmakuolleisuudessa esiintyi merkittäviä alueellisia eroja, erityisesti liikenneonnettomuuksissa sekä itsemurhissa ja henkirikoksissa. Erot säilyivät läpi seuranta-ajan. Lapsikuolleisuus on laskenut Suomessa merkittävästi läpi seuranta-ajan. Koska lapsikuolleisuudessa esiintyy alueellisia eroja keskussairaaloiden välillä, lasten sairaanhoito voi vaatia jatkossa enemmän keskittämistä. Tapaturmat ovat tärkein ehkäistävissä oleva kuolinsyy lapsuudessa, ja kuolleisuutta niihin olisi mahdollista vähentää paikallisen ennaltaehkäisyn kautta

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14

Nesbitt, Victoria. "Mitochondrial disease in childhood". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.722579.

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Mitochondrial disease is the most commonly inherited neurometabolic disease in childhood with an estimated birth prevalence of 1 in 7634. This heterogeneous disease group can be caused by primary mitochondrial DNA mutations or secondary to nuclear gene mutations and have a variable disease onset and progression. My studies aimed to detail the multi-system phenotypic spectrum of children with mitochondrial disease and correlate their disease burden with the underlying causative mutation to assist the diagnostic process for clinicians and develop clinical guidelines. The Medical Research Council Centre for Translational Research in Neuromuscular Disorders Mitochondrial Disease Patient Cohort Study UK formed the core component of my methodology. This national project, based at Newcastle University, is the largest database of confirmed mitochondrial patients globally offering a unique resource. My primary study was in children with mtDNA disease. There is a significant delay between onset of symptoms and time to diagnosis. Hearing impairment is an early feature, although may not be recognized as part of an underlying genetic condition. Developmental delay and/or regression, short stature and constipation are very common in children with mtDNA mutations. Cardiac disease, as recognised in other studies, increases the associated mortality of mtDNA disease, particularly with the m.3243A>G mutation. Mitochondrial disease is a major cause of cardiac failure. An audit of children presenting to a tertiary cardiothoracic centre with cardiomyopathy identified that mitochondrial disease was responsible for at least 8% of cases. Mitochondrial disease can also cause sudden death in infancy and childhood. A one year prospective study analyzing cardiac tissue samples from children requiring surgical intervention for end-stage cardiac failure demonstrated 21% were due to mitochondrial disease, of which 80% had not previously been known. Children with mitochondrial disease who have had cardiac transplantation have good cardiac outcomes with subjective reports of improved quality of life. Children affected by mitochondrial disease are more likely to be born smaller, have slower linear growth, end up shorter and have a lower body mass index than their unaffected peers.

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15

Marriott, Clare. "Resilience following childhood maltreatment". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434708.

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16

McKenzie, Patricia Jay. "Early childhood : special education". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26874.

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This study examines the growth and development of a program for the preparation of special education teachers in Early Childhood Education, Following an overview of historical perspectives in Early Childhood and Special Education, including international influences, models which would aid in the development of such a program are discussed. The Provincial Child Care Facilities Licensing Board and the Ministry of Education, of British Columbia expressed a wish for the development of post-basic special education programs in Early Childhood Education and their willingness to fund several programs in the province. Their critieria and support is included in a description of the development, implementation and evaluation of the Early Childhood: Special Education Program at Vancouver Community College? Langara Campus. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to provide information on the development of such a program and to examine the needs and possible future directions of teacher preparation in special education for Early Childhood Education.
Education, Faculty of
Graduate

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17

Kafka, John Anton (Tony). "Survey of childhood conversion". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.

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18

Sköldenberg, Erik. "Angiogenesis in childhood malignancies /". Uppsala : Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Uppsala universitet, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3481.

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19

Starkuviene, Skirmante. "Childhood injuries in Lithuania". Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3241.

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The aim of the study was to analyse mortality and morbidity from external causes among Lithuanian children and adolescents. Methods. Information on deaths from major external causes during the period of 1988-2000 for Lithuanian children and adolescents aged 0-19 was obtained from the Department of Statistics. Information on the number of admissions to health care institutions due to injuries for children aged 0-14 years was gathered from Lithuanian Health Information Center. International comparisons were performed using data from the WHO/Europe Health for All Database. Mortality rates were age-standardized using the European standard, and analysed by sex, age, and place of residence. Years of life lost due to external causes were calculated. Mortality and morbidity trends were explored using the regression analysis. Results. External causes were the most common causes of death among Lithuanian children and adolescents aged up to 19 years, accounting for 36.5% of overall mortality during the period of 1988-2000. Children or adolescents lost approximately 330,000 (23.7 per 1,000 population) years of life due to external causes in 1988-2000, or every dead child or adolescent lost, on the average, close to 60 years of life. Age-standardized mortality from external causes of Lithuanian children and adolescents was 40.1 per 100 000 population in 1988-2000. Considerable inequalities in mortality by sex, age, and place of residence were disclosed, pointing out boys, children under one year of age, adolescents aged 15-19 years, and residents of rural areas as the most vulnerable groups. Throughout the study period mortality from external causes was decreasing, while the number of admissions to health care institutions and hospital discharges due to injuries was increasing. Despite a recent decline, mortality from external causes among children and adolescents remains at extremely high level in Lithuania as compared to other countries of Europe. Conclusions. High mortality rates due to external causes, and an increasing number of non-fatal injuries among Lithuanian children and adolescents demonstrate the great need for a definite, well-coordinated, and competent injury prevention strategy.

ISBN 91-7997-136-9

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20

Langford, Ian Houlden. "Childhood leukaemia and infections". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333491.

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21

Motlagh, Ahmad Reza Dorosty. "Epidemiology of childhood obesity". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1932/.

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In recent years awareness of childhood obesity as a clinical and public health problem has increased. However, a number of important issues related to childhood obesity were unclear when this thesis began. The aims of this thesis were as follows: 1. To estimate the prevalence of obesity in British and Iranian children. 2. To assess the strengths and weaknesses of the body mass index (BMI) as a way of identifying obese children/estimating obesity prevalence. 3. To investigate the factors associated with early 'adiposity rebound'. 4. To identify risk factors for obesity in British children. This thesis showed that prevalence of childhood obesity in British and Iranian children was significantly higher than expected and that obesity prevalence in children increased during the 1990s. These results are consistent with reports of increased childhood obesity in the USA, Europe, and some other countries. Using BMI 95th centile as the definition of childhood obesity has moderately high sensitivity and high specificity, though a definition of BMI 92nd centile was shown in this thesis to be optimum. This thesis indicated that the typical age of AR in British children must be sometime between 5-7 years. Further research on the factors associated with timing of AR is recommended. A number of independent risk factors for childhood obesity are identified. Parental obesity, birth weight, fizzy drink consumption, and time spent in the car had the strongest association.

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22

Sharp, Andrew Ian. "Musical images of childhood". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333900.

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23

Fitz, J. "Childhood and the law". Thesis, Open University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371245.

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24

Ndivelao, P., T. Tjipepa, Владислав Вiкторович Любчак, Владислав Викторович Любчак i Vladyslav Viktorovych Liubchak. "Childhood malnutrition in Namibia". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45015.

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2012 Nutrition country profile. HDI ranking: 128th out of 182 countries, Life expectancy: 61 years, Life time risk of maternal death: 1 in 1702 Under-five mortality rate: 42 per 1,000 live births, Global ranking of stunting prevalence: 56th highest out of 136 countries. Over one-third of child deaths are due to under nutrition mostly from increased severity of disease. Children who are undernourished between conception and age two are at high risk for impaired cognitive development, which adversely affects the country’s productivity and growth. Survey in 2012 shows 29% of children under the age of five are stunted, 17% are underweight, 8% are wasted and 16% of infants are born with a low birth weight.

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25

Ndivelao, P., T. Tjipepa, Владислав Вiкторович Любчак, Владислав Викторович Любчак i Vladyslav Viktorovych Liubchak. "Childhood malnutrition in Namibia". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47882.

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2012 Nutrition country profile. HDI ranking: 128th out of 182 countries, Life expectancy: 61 years, Life time risk of maternal death: 1 in 1702 Under-five mortality rate: 42 per 1,000 live births, Global ranking of stunting prevalence: 56th highest out of 136 countries. Over one-third of child deaths are due to under nutrition mostly from increased severity of disease. Children who are undernourished between conception and age two are at high risk for impaired cognitive development, which adversely affects the country’s productivity and growth. Survey in 2012 shows 29% of children under the age of five are stunted, 17% are underweight, 8% are wasted and 16% of infants are born with a low birth weight.

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26

Nicol, Mark Patrick. "Studies of childhood tuberculosis". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3177.

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Wilmshurst, Jo. "Peripheral neuropathies of childhood". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10746.

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Includes synopsis.
Incldues bibliographical references (p. 195-220).
Peripheral nerve disease was described by Galen (AD 130-200) over a thousand years ago.(3) Detailed anatomical illustrations were documented by Andreas Vesalius in his major work 'De humani corporis fabrica' in 1543.(4) Over the last two centuries an explosion in knowledge in the area has occurred, with a further exponential increase in the last 20 years mostly related to understandings in the field of molecular genetics.(5) Although some degree of diagnostic closure was possible for a number of the hereditary peripheral neuropathies, this has not been the end point of knowledge but only the beginning.

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28

Schwartz, Heidi C. "Patterns in childhood obesity". The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392714183.

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29

Horton, Leslie Nicole. "Childhood obesity and depression". [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2008. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=863.

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30

Tracy, Frederick. "The psychology of childhood /". London : Routledge/Thoemmes Press, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37527678w.

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31

Swerlander, Agneta. "Imitation in early childhood /". Göteborg, Sweden : Dept. of Psychology, Göteborg University, 2001. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009582023&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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32

Suleiman, Jehan. "Autoimmune Epilepsy in Childhood". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9790.

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The role of immune mediated mechanisms is increasingly recognised in patients with seizures and epilepsies. Recently the term "autoimmune epilepsy" has been used to imply involvement of the adaptive immune system (particularly humoral) in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Specific neuronal antibodies against cell surface proteins as well as some intracellular antigens are now recognised in a proportion of adult patients with seizures. The seizures are often severe and not isolated, but rather accompanied by encephalopathy or other neurologic symptoms. Evidence of brain inflammation might be found in cerebrospinal fluid or imaging. The best recognised disorders are limbic encephalitis (associated with antibodies against many neuronal antigens such as VGKC-complex proteins and GAD), and NMDAR encephalitis. However neuronal antibodies are also found in some adult patients with seizures and epilepsies in the absence of encephalopathy or other features. My PhD project aimed to study and investigate neuronal antibodies in children with seizures. This study hoped to help identify children who may have ‘autoimmune seizures and epilepsies’. The studies conducted as part of this thesis found VGKC-complex antibodies in 4 of 10 patients with unexplained encephalitis. Furthermore neuronal antibodies were found in 11 of 114 children with new onset seizures mainly those with epilepsy of unknown cause (predominantly focal). Neuronal antibodies were also found in 7 of 13 patients who had suspected autoimmune epilepsy. The findings in these studies are novel and have shed some light into the importance of neuronal antibodies in paediatric seizures. While the pathogenic role of these antibodies remains a hot topic for debates and future studies, we think that the presence of these antibodies define a group of patients where immune mechanisms are important, and where immunotherapy might improve the clinical outcome.

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33

Almeida, Danielle Barbosa Lins de. "Icons of contemporary childhood". Florianópolis, SC, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/88755.

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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente.
Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T13:19:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 233574.pdf: 5727795 bytes, checksum: 68344deac2f4e8ccbe6d3908a6af4940 (MD5)
A presente tese investiga o discurso de anúncios de bonecas sob uma perspectiva comparativa. Através da análise de dez anúncios extraídos do website da boneca brasileira Susi e dez anúncios extraídos do website das bonecas norte-americanas The Bratz - campeãs em vendas nos dois países de origem, respectivamente - a pesquisa investiga seus aspectos visuais, contextuais e lexicogramaticais de transitividade, a fim de observar como as práticas sociais dos dois países são refletidas e como estas reforçam determinadas estruturas sociais, tais como as referentes a questões de gênero. O arcabouço teórico adotado visa situar os dados obtidos em sua dimensão contextual, valendo-se de estudos em Sociologia da Infância e Estudos da Criança, bem como da gramática sistêmico-funcional de Halliday (1978;1994) e do trabalho de Kress & van Leeuwen (1996) em semiótica visual. Os resultados da análise verbal e visual dos dados apontam para a representação da figura feminina em posições predominantemente passivas, as quais reforçam a imagem da mulher enquanto objeto de atribuições estéticas e perpetuam as práticas sociais e distinções de gênero à medida que representam o universo feminino em seu compromisso de combinar papéis da esfera pública e da privada. This dissertation investigates the discourse of doll advertisements in a comparative manner. Through the examination of ten Brazilian and ten North-American doll advertisements available on the websites of best-selling dolls Susi and The Bratz, it looks at how the verbal and the visual choices of these advertisements reverberate the social practices of Brazil and the United States and how they reinforce the 'status quo' of existing social structures, such as the ones related to gender issues. The theoretical framework provides the means to connect the contextual with the textual features of the data. For the macro, contextual dimension, it draws on studies on The Sociology of Childhood and Children's Studies as well as on Halliday's (1978; 1994) system of transitivity in order to account for the lexicogrammatical aspects of the advertisements and Kress & van Leeuwen's (1996) work on the interplay between verbal and visual language analysis. The verbal and visual analyses of the advertisements have pointed to the portrait of the female figure in predominantly passive, objectified positions which reinforces women's image as repositories of aesthetic attributes and perpetuates social practices and gender distinctions in representing the female universe in its compromise between the public and private sphere.

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34

Langenbrunner, Mary R. "Normal Childhood Sexual Development". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3485.

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35

Keramidas, Cathy Galyon. "Assessment in Early Childhood". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4157.

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Wood, David L. "Comorbidities of Childhood Epilepsy". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5186.

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37

Garcia, Jessica. "Obesity Surveillance in Childhood". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/887.

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Current practice behaviors for obesity management have remained refractory. Research has shown that lack of time and poor training/skills by primary care providers has led to poor or absent obesity counseling in practice. The purpose of this intervention was to facilitate obesity counseling in a pediatric office by using an evidence-based model called the 5As model of behavioral change. Lewin's change theory was the framework for this project to help clinicians transition their practice to include the 5As model in practice. The project consisted of a 30-minute power point presentation that included 2 case samples demonstrating how the 5As would be applied to each scenario. A physician and two family nurse practitioners evaluated the program via an open-ended survey on their obesity approach and thoughts on the 5As model. The results showed 100% support for the 5As model. All 3 participants stated they would implement the 5As model into practice and had positive remarks on the simplicity of its application. To help prevent clinical inertia and combat childhood obesity providers' must be made aware of the latest evidence and recommendations available to them. Project such as this one serve to merge research into clinical practice. The long-term social implications of getting the 5As into practice can help the United States meet Healthy People 2020 objectives and promote preventive care.

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38

Purssell, Edward. "A study of normal temperature in childhood and parental views of childhood fever". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439358.

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39

Breslow, Jacob. "The theory and practice of childhood : interrogating childhood as a technology of power". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3464/.

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This thesis explores the social, political, and theoretical consequences that emerge when the contested category of “childhood” gets unequally applied to individuals and populations. The interdisciplinary theoretical project conceives of childhood as a technology of power that produces the contentious contours of various bodies and experiences, individuals and populations, and ways of life and forms of relation. It argues that childhood’s fantasmatic, figurative, and “real” subjects extend far beyond, and sometimes explicitly exclude, the early years of life. In conversation with childhood studies, feminist, trans, queer, critical-race, and psychoanalytic theory, this research is primarily concerned with the ways in which childhood is negotiated and re-imagined through discursive, institutional, and representational practices in the contemporary U.S. The analysis explores the psychic and political ambivalences of childhood, and attends to the investments in childhood’s uneven distribution. Asking specifically after the role of childhood in shaping and challenging the disposability of young black life, the queer life of children’s desires, and the steadfastness of the gender binary, this thesis outlines a theoretical framework of analysis that interdisciplinary scholars working in feminist, trans, queer, and anti-racist theory can use when addressing children and childhood, and it substantiates this framework through three case studies.

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40

Fox, James J., John Wheeler, Pamela J. Mims, Cathy Galyon Keramidas, Kimberly D. Hale i M. Michaels. "Issues in Early Childhood/Early Childhood Special Education: Questions, Answers, & Discussion Forum". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/212.

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41

Toten, Deborah Ann. "Childhood overweight and childhood obesity in fifth graders at Granite Hill Elementary School". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2181.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if the students in the 5th grade class at Granite Hill Elementary were overweight or obese. The research questions included: (a) Does the Granite Hill Elementary School population mirror the world wide trend of increasing childhood overweight and childhood obesity, and (b) how does the Granite Hill Elementary School population compare to the International Obesity Task Force standards?

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42

LACOMBE, RENATA BARRETO. "BACKSTAGE CHILDHOOD AND THE BACKSTAGE OF CHILDHOOD: AN EXPERIENCE WITH CHILDREN WORKING ON TELEVISION". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5381@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Análise e levantamento de questões relativas à infância contemporânea brasileira e sua relação com a mídia (mais especificamente a televisão), a partir de experiência como psicóloga com crianças que trabalham na TV.
Analysis and study of questions related to Brazilian contemporary childhood and its relation to the media (more specifically to television), based on experience as a psychologist with children who work on television.

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43

Worsfold, Sarah. "Assessing expressive spoken language in children with permanent childhood hearing impairment in mid-childhood". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/376873/.

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44

Gordon, Diandra Renee. "Childhood Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Socioemotional Development from Early to Middle Childhood". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429799346.

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45

Alasimi, Amal A. "Saudi Early Childhood Teachers' Attitudes About The Use Of Technology In Early Childhood Classrooms". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1542321673302025.

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46

Piloto, Nyasha Grace. "Ethnographic exploration of childhood and childhood sexualities in a rural village in South Africa". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60412.

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This ethnographic exploration tackles meanings of childhood in Qondwa village, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa, by illustrating how childhood is constantly shifted, negotiated and contested. These attempted definitions of childhood defy the Western constructs of childhood, regarding the ethnography here is undertaken in African context. I dedicated six months carrying out qualitative research on these meanings. For purposes of my research, I adopt the local term, rather than recorded Western definition of a 'child' in Qondwa which is expressed as any boy or girl who is financially dependent on parents or guardians, regardless of age. Furthermore, a boy only transitions into a man, as a girl into a woman, when financially independent of their parents/guardians, regardless of age. I hereby argue that there is no universal meaning of childhood and provide comparative ethnographies of childhood to cement this argument. I adopt Karp's theory of personhood to further argue that personhood of children determines how children experience realities. I go further to discuss childhood in the context of parents/guardians, childhood in the context of defined socio-geographic spaces, childhood in the context of traditional cultural events which show that there is no universal meaning of childhood, even within a culture displaying the complexities of such definitions.
Dissertation (MSocSci)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Anthropology and Archaeology
MSocSci
Unrestricted

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47

Gabler, Jennifer Ann. "Childhood trauma and attachment disorder". Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004gablerj.pdf.

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48

Parlak, Rakap Asiye. "In-service Early Childhood Teachers". Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613250/index.pdf.

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The aim of this research study was to investigate the early childhood teachers&rsquo
perceptions about their roles in the development of self-discipline in children. In order to specify this aim, the research question which asked &ldquo
How do early childhood teachers perceive their role in the development of self-discipline?&rdquo
was investigated. Current study was conducted based on qualitative research methodology. In order to investigate the aim, a case including seven early childhood teachers working at the same institution was reached. The main data collection instrument was an interview protocol consisting of two parts: vignettes and interview questions. The instrument included questions related to the meaning and importance of self-discipline, and how to support it in classroom environment, and was developed according to observations and related literature. Additionally this instrument was pilot tested with six early childhood teachers. The interviews for the main study were conducted between December 2009 and January 2010. According to the findings, early childhood teachers were aware of self-discipline, its importance, and its development. However, some strategies which were being used by the teachers should be discussed with them in terms of relatedness of those strategies with self-discipline.

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49

Fievre, Michele Jessica. "Burning swing : a Haitian childhood". FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3318.

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Burning Swing: A Haitian Childhood is a memoir that describes a sometimes difficult and sometimes pleasurable journey through the narrator's childhood and teenage years in Port-au-Prince. This work aims at capturing the tone of a very young person caught up in her own adolescent world-with all the innocence and evil, cruelties and fears-as she witnesses social chaos. Influenced thematically by Mary Karr 's Cherry, which describes the author's troubled relationship with her mother and her desire to leave the town where she was raised, Burning Swing focuses on M.J.'s relationship with her bipolar father and her o fevered need to escape a place where violence and bloodshed are commonplace. As she attempts to leave, the narrator discovers an acute interest in writing, which helps her gain a better understanding of her father and leads to an attempt at reconciliation.

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50

Smith, Caroline. "Adolescent resilience following childhood maltreatment". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16217.

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Background: Previous research has demonstrated that a history of childhood maltreatment can lead to significant negative consequences across multiple domains of functioning. A significant minority of individuals remain resilience to such negative consequences, necessitating further research into the factors which protect against negative outcomes in young people who have experienced adversity. A systematic review of the literature was carried out in order to assess the evidence base for factors that predict adolescent resilience following childhood maltreatment. Several factors across the individual, family and community level were identified, however, evidence regarding these factors was mixed. Factors that have been shown to predict resilience in other age groups require further validation within adolescent samples. Aim: The first aim of this study was to investigate the role of resilience in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and psychological distress. The second aim was to address a possible role for attachment in mediating the relationship between childhood maltreatment and resilience. Method: Adolescents aged 13 – 17 who were attending Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services were asked to complete measures of childhood maltreatment, individual resilience, attachment and psychological distress. Results: Resilience was shown to mediate the relationship between maltreatment and psychological distress. Attachment avoidance was found to mediate the relationship between maltreatment and resilience but not when emotional reactivity was included in the resilience index. Attachment anxiety did not mediate the relationship between maltreatment and resilience, however, maltreatment history was found to moderate the relationship between attachment anxiety and resilience. Discussion: Generalisability of this study was limited due to possible bias within the recruited sample. Implications of the significant results are discussed along with suggestions for future research.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Childhood”

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