Rozprawy doktorskie: „Childhood Maltreatment”

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Marriott, Clare. "Resilience following childhood maltreatment". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434708.

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Smith, Caroline. "Adolescent resilience following childhood maltreatment". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16217.

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Background: Previous research has demonstrated that a history of childhood maltreatment can lead to significant negative consequences across multiple domains of functioning. A significant minority of individuals remain resilience to such negative consequences, necessitating further research into the factors which protect against negative outcomes in young people who have experienced adversity. A systematic review of the literature was carried out in order to assess the evidence base for factors that predict adolescent resilience following childhood maltreatment. Several factors across the individual, family and community level were identified, however, evidence regarding these factors was mixed. Factors that have been shown to predict resilience in other age groups require further validation within adolescent samples. Aim: The first aim of this study was to investigate the role of resilience in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and psychological distress. The second aim was to address a possible role for attachment in mediating the relationship between childhood maltreatment and resilience. Method: Adolescents aged 13 – 17 who were attending Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services were asked to complete measures of childhood maltreatment, individual resilience, attachment and psychological distress. Results: Resilience was shown to mediate the relationship between maltreatment and psychological distress. Attachment avoidance was found to mediate the relationship between maltreatment and resilience but not when emotional reactivity was included in the resilience index. Attachment anxiety did not mediate the relationship between maltreatment and resilience, however, maltreatment history was found to moderate the relationship between attachment anxiety and resilience. Discussion: Generalisability of this study was limited due to possible bias within the recruited sample. Implications of the significant results are discussed along with suggestions for future research.

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Savage, Laura-Émilie. "Parents’ Childhood Maltreatment and Subsequent Parenting". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67071.

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L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de documenter l’association entre les expériences de maltraitance vécues à l’enfance par les parents et leurs comportements parentaux subséquents et d’explorer les mécanismes et les variables sous-jacents à cette association. D’abord, une méta-analyse des études qui ont examiné l’association entre la maltraitance vécue à l’enfance par les mères et leurs comportements parentaux subséquents à l’endroit de leurs enfants de 0 à 6 ans a été conduite. La possibilité que certaines variations méthodologiques et conceptuelles puissent agir comme modérateurs de cette association a aussi été testée. Au total, 32 études ont été retenues et les analyses ont révélé une association faible et significative entre le vécu de maltraitance à l’enfance et les comportements parentaux subséquents (r = –.13, p < .05). Les analyses de modération ont également révélé que l’association entre ces deux variables est de plus grande magnitude lorsque les comportements parentaux mesurés étaient des comportements négatifs, potentiellement abusifs, ou encore faisaient état de la qualité de la relation parent-enfant. L’association était également plus élevée dans les échantillons contenant une plus grande proportion de mères de garçons et lorsque les études étaient moins récentes. Deuxièmement, une étude empirique a été conduite afin de répliquer les résultats impliquant une association entre l’exposition des mères à de la maltraitance à l’enfance et leur sensibilité maternelle ainsi que pour tester les mécanismes sous-jacents potentiels. Alors que des études ont démontré que certaines caractéristiques maternelles (i.e., adaptation psychosociale, représentation d’attachement) et environnementales (i.e., faible vs haut risque) pouvaient partiellement expliquer l’association entre l’historique de maltraitance et la sensibilité maternelle, aucune de ces études n’a testé toutes ces variables dans une même étude. C’est pourquoi cette étude visait à tester ces variables comme potentiels médiateurs et modérateurs de cette association ainsi que tester leur effet direct sur la sensibilité maternelle. Les résultats ont permis de répliquer l’association entre la maltraitance vécue à l’enfance et la sensibilité de mères envers leurs enfants de 18 mois. En plus de la maltraitance vécue à l’enfance, le risque et les représentations d’attachement étaient tous prédicteurs de la sensibilité maternelle. Toutefois, aucune médiation n’a été trouvée, suggérant que bien ce ces variables agissent simultanément sur la prédiction de la sensibilité maternelle, nous ne sommes toujours pas en mesure de documenter comment celles-ci interagissent ensemble. Les résultats ont aussi révélé que l’adaptation psychosociale agit comme un modérateur de l’association principale, celle-ci étant de plus grande magnitude pour les mères présentant moins de difficultés d’adaptation.
The purpose of this research project is to document the association between parents’ experiences of childhood maltreatment (CM) and their subsequent parenting behaviors and to further our understanding of the processes and variables influencing this association. First, a meta-analysis of studies that have examined the association between mothers’ exposure to CM and their subsequent parenting behaviors towards their 0-6 years old children was conducted. The potential impact of both conceptual and methodological moderators has also been tested. A total of 32 studies were retained for analysis and results reveal a small but statistically significant association between maternal exposure to CM and parenting behavior (r = –.13, p < .05). Moderator analyses reveal that the association between CM and parenting are of greater magnitude when parenting measures involved relationship-based or negative, potentially abusive behaviors, when samples have greater proportions of boys compared to girls, and when studies were older versus more recent. Second, an empirical study was conducted in order to replicate the findings suggesting an association between mothers’ exposure to CM and maternal sensitivity and to test its potential underlying mechanisms. While previous studies have suggested that maternal (i.e., psychosocial adjustment, attachment state of mind) and environmental (low- vs high-risk) characteristics partially explain the association between CM and parenting, none of these studies have considered all these variables together. This second study thus aimed to test the potential mediating or moderating effect of these variables on the association between CM and parenting outcomes as well as their direct effect on maternal sensitivity. Results replicated the association between CM and lower maternal sensitivity of mothers of 18-months-old children. Together with CM, risk and attachment state of mind were all predictive of maternal sensitivity. However, no mediation effect was found, suggesting that while all these variables act simultaneously, we remain uncertain as how they interact with each other. Results also revealed that psychosocial adjustment acts as a moderator of the association between CM and maternal sensitivity, the association being stronger for mothers presenting fewer adjustment difficulties.

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Demaré, Dano. "Examining long-term correlates of psychological, physical, and sexual childhood maltreatment, validation of the childhood maltreatment questionnaire". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ53054.pdf.

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Kong, Jooyoung. "Childhood Maltreatment and Later-Life Intergenerational Solidarity". Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107170.

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Thesis advisor: James Lubben
Thesis advisor: Sara M. Moorman
Every year, more than three million allegations of childhood maltreatment are received by child protective services, many of which involve cases of abuse or neglect inflicted by the victims’ parents. A number of studies found that negative consequences of childhood maltreatment can last for a lifetime. Despite the long-term impact of childhood maltreatment, later-life relationships between adult victims of childhood maltreatment and their abusive parent have rarely been examined. This dissertation aims to address the gap in the literature by examining how adult victims of childhood maltreatment relate to their abusive parent when the parent becomes old and requires long-term care assistance. This three-paper dissertation utilized existing data sources: Wisconsin Longitudinal Study and National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States. The first paper examined the mediating effect of intergenerational solidarity with the aging mother in the association between maternal childhood maltreatment and adult psychological functioning. The second paper used longitudinal data analysis to compare long-term changes in affectual solidarity with aging mothers between adults with a history of childhood abuse and those without. This paper also examined moderating effects of the correlates of childhood abuse (i.e., poor social competency and lack of emotional regulation) in the association between childhood abuse and affectual solidarity with the aging mother. The third paper focused on the caregiving situation in which adult victims of childhood abuse provided care to their abusive parent. This paper investigated whether and how providing care to the abusive parent was associated with psychological distress among abused adult children, and whether self-esteem mediated the association. By revealing the dynamics of later-life relationships between adult victims of childhood maltreatment and their abusive parent, this three-paper dissertation not only contributes to creating new knowledge to the aging literature, but also provides future direction for social work practice and policy
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work
Discipline: Social Work

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Nicholson, Cynthia Suzanne. "Childhood maltreatment, adult attachment, and emotional adjustment". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/449.

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Weber, Linda J. "Spirituality, social support, and healing from childhood maltreatment". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0009/MQ42112.pdf.

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Fani, Negar. "Emotion Processing in Adult Survivors of Childhood Maltreatment". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/53.

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Childhood maltreatment increases risk for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Maladaptive patterns of attention to threat-related stimuli warrant examination as possible contributing risk factors. It remains unclear whether persistent threat-processing biases are differentially apparent in adults who were maltreated as children and either did, or did not, develop later PTSD. The present study examined associations among attention bias, childhood maltreatment, and PTSD in adults. We hypothesized that attentional bias toward threat significantly mediates associations between childhood maltreatment and adult PTSD symptoms. 183 adults with and without childhood maltreatment histories participated in this study, which involved completion of a range of clinical measures; attention bias was measured by the Dot Probe task. We found that attention bias toward happy faces partially mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and PTSD avoidance and numbing symptoms. Childhood maltreatment, happy face attention bias, and perceived racially discriminative experiences all accounted for significant variance in PTSD symptoms.

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Warner, Lucy Ann. "Investigating the effects of childhood maltreatment on adolescents". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532314.

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Fowke, Alex James. "Shame : associations with childhood maltreatment and mental health". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/153327/.

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Research consistently reports a relationship between childhood maltreatment and the experience of psychological distress in adulthood. More recently, researchers have sought to identify the emotional consequences of these experiences. The current literature review focuses on the experience of shame. In particular, research is presented which demonstrates how childhood maltreatment, especially psychological abuse, has been associated with the experience of internalised shame. Furthermore, research is presented demonstrating an association between internalised shame the experience of psychological distress in adulthood. A burgeoning evidence base illustrates how shame partially mediates the relationship between childhood maltreatment and the experience of psychological distress in adulthood, although the review concludes that this research remains limited, and the models presented require further investigation to broaden the understanding of the role of shame in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and psychopathology. The empirical paper explores the associations between childhood maltreatment and internalised shame in a sample of participants with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD; n = 35), compared with a control group of participants with no psychiatric diagnoses (n = 35). Participants completed measures of maltreatment, internalised shame, and resource loss and gain. Participants in the BD group reported significantly higher levels of internalised shame, resource loss, and most sub-types of childhood maltreatment, compared with participants in the control iii group. Internalised shame was significantly correlated with childhood emotional abuse and neglect, even when controlled for the effect of low mood and mania. The theoretical and clinical implications are discussed, and directions for further investigation are indicated.

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Yu, Brian. "Childhood maltreatment, limbic dysfunction, resilience and psychiatric symptoms". Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12251.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University
Objective: Resilience is a multidimensional phenomenon encompassing both internal traits and external protective factors that allow individuals to thrive in circumstances of chronic stress. Childhood experiences of physical or psychological maltreatment are chronic stressors and represent major risk factors for the development of psychiatric disorders later in life. Teaching of emotional coping strategies is an integral part of treatments for many of these disorders, such as anxiety and depression. The association between traumatic experiences and emotional regulation is thought to be mediated in part by the limbic system, and emotional regulation may be represented positively by trait resilience or negatively by feelings of guilt or shame. We sought to investigate the value of resilience in predicting psychiatric symptoms in victims of childhood maltreatment, as well as examine the association between the resilience and limbic emotional regulation. We hypothesized that trait resilience would be a protective mediator in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric symptoms, while limbic dysfunction, guilt and shame would be negative mediators of this relationship. Method: A total of 439 adult participants completed measures of childhood exposure to psychological and physical maltreatment. The participants' current limbic health was assessed using the Limbic System Checklist, trait resilience was assessed using the Resilience Scale, emotional regulation was assessed using the Personal Feelings Questionnaire, and psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Symptoms Questionnaire. Results: Limbic dysfunction and trait resilience predicted the severity of psychiatric symptoms above and beyond exposure to various forms of childhood maltreatment. Feelings of shame contributed significantly to the prediction of psychiatric symptoms in female participants, while feelings of guilt contributed significantly to the prediction of psychiatric symptoms in male participants. Positive associations between limbic dysfunction and feelings of guilt and shame were found in all participants, while negative association between limbic dysfunction and trait resilience was found in female participants only. Conclusions: Resilience was found to be a protective mediator in the relationship between psychological and physical childhood maltreatment and later psychiatric symptoms, and such mediation was found to be associated with limbic health and emotional regulation. Gender differences were found in the presentation of psychiatric symptoms and negative emotions. Future research should expand assessments to examine a wide range of childhood traumatic experiences and limbic structural pathologies.

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Jackson, Nicole Sharie. "Resilience and Healthy Adult Relationships Post-Childhood Maltreatment". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7017.

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The purpose of this study was to understand the role of resilience and protective factors (PFs) in the life of women who have experienced childhood maltreatment (CHM). A further purpose was to understand how women who faced CHM develop resilience, and how the proper use or misuse of PFs later affected their adult relationships, whether intimate, social, or familial. Resiliency theory was the theoretical foundation that informed the study. A qualitative methodology with an interpretative phenomenological analysis design was used in this study. Participants included 7 women who were recruited through social media support groups for adult survivors of child abuse. Participants were interviewed via telephone and Skype. Data from these interviews were analyzed and coded according to the interpretative, phenomenological method. Five main themes emerged, providing awareness as to the development of resilience and PFs as well as the role of resilience and the impact PFs have on relationships survivors entered as adults. The themes included: trauma results in resilience and healing through helping others; time and interventions heal perception of abuse; guarding trust to avoid hurt as the effects of CHM lasts a lifetime; support is key then and now; and the effects of CHM and protective factors affect healthy adolescent and adult relationships. The findings were compared with existing literature to recommend ways therapeutic practitioners and social service workers can provide early interventions for those exposed to CHM and help them move past the starting point of unpacking the trauma to the ending of point of sustaining healthy adult relationships.

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Bende, Brigitta Claudia. "Childhood maltreatment and postnatal depression : are there distinctive risks?" Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421036.

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Mulholland, Paula Claire. "Childhood emotional maltreatment and its impact on emotion regulation". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8141.

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An aim of this research was to gain prevalence rates of emotional abuse (EA) and emotional neglect (EN) in a community based adolescent sample. This exploratory research also attempted to determine the impact of EA, EN and a combination of the two (emotional maltreatment; EM) on adolescent’s emotion regulation (ER). The impact of temperament, gender and age was also considered, along with the adolescent’s subsequent quality of life ratings. Method: A total of 540 adolescents (mean age 14 years) were recruited through their secondary schools, and completed the following questionnaires: the EN and EA subtests of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ; Bernstein & Fink, 1994); the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire – Short Form (EATQ – SF; Ellis & Rothbart, 1999); the Basic Emotions Scale (BES; Power, 2006); the Regulation of Emotions Questionnaire (REQ; Phillips & Power, 2007) and the Kid Screen -10 item Health Questionnaire for Children and Young People (Ravens-Sieberer et al., 2005). Results: Prevalence rates of EA and EN were reported. Differences were detected between EA and EN in terms of how they affect experiences of basic emotions and how they impact on ER, even after controlling for temperament. Only EA was associated with aggression, whereas both EA and EN were associated with depressive mood and reduced quality of life. Conclusions: EA and EN are different maltreatment experiences which have different detrimental effects on the individual, therefore requiring different interventions.

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Jones, Jamal. "Resilience in adult women who have experienced childhood maltreatment". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527960.

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This secondary analysis of qualitative data explored the development of resilience among 16 women. Their transcribed interviews were analyzed with a framework based on the processes and determinants clusters of resilience among adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse identified in prior research. Processes were defined as the journey participants followed to the situation in their present life, determinants were defined as innate or learned characteristics and environmental factors. The determinants of interpersonal skills, high self-regard, spirituality, and helpful life circumstances (support & services) were found to be present in less than half of the women. The processes of self-realization, self-determination, coping strategies (positive and negative), active healing were present for more than half but less than half have achieved closure regarding the maltreatment. The women reported self-sufficiency in terms of being able to live on their income and educational achievement. The findings have implications for social work practice and research.

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Rushton, James R. "Athletic Participation as a Protective Factor for Childhood Maltreatment". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707303/.

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The purpose of the study was to examine whether athletic participation as a child and/or adolescent acts as a protective factor for youth who endure childhood maltreatment. After screening for childhood maltreatment, our 269 participants were separated into either an athlete group or a non-athlete group and compared using two one-way multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA). Emotional neglect served as the covariate due to non-athletes' significantly higher emotional neglect scores than athletes. The first MANCOVA compared athletes and non-athletes on positive outcomes, which included measures of post-traumatic growth, three adaptive coping strategies, and self-compassion. In the second MANCOVA, we assessed for differences between athletes and non-athletes on negative outcomes, which included measures of traumatic, depressive, and anxious symptomology and a maladaptive coping strategy. Neither MANCOVA reached significance, rejecting our hypothesis that athletes would be more resilient than non-athletes to the negative impact of childhood maltreatment. Discussion considers possible reasons for the lack of significance, such as the recency of athletic participation or the specific type of maltreatment experienced, as well as limitations and directions for future research.

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Guion, David. "Childhood Maltreatment, Coping, and Coping Self-Efficacy among Offenders". VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2602.

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This study explored the relationship between childhood interpersonal trauma and coping self-efficacy, coping styles, and emotion regulation difficulties among male and female offenders in detention and diversion centers (N = 183). The coping-relapse model of recidivism posits that offenders’ coping ability plays a pivotal role in successful reentry (Zamble & Quinsey, 1997). Past research reveals that childhood maltreatment is associated with avoidant coping and emotion regulation difficulties, which could negatively impact reentry (e.g., Cloitre et al., 2009; Min, Farkas, Minnes, & Singer, 2007). The relationship between childhood maltreatment and coping self-efficacy has not been addressed. This study found that childhood interpersonal trauma was significantly related to emotion regulation difficulties (r = .20), but not coping self-efficacy, active coping, or avoidant coping. Coping self-efficacy was significantly related to emotion regulation difficulties (r = -.61), active coping (r = .60), and avoidant coping (r = -.30). Research and practice implications are discussed.

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DeDona, Katrina M. "Parenting Attitudes and Childhood Maltreatment among Mothers Receiving Home Visitation". Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1441541302.

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Paquola, Casey. "The enduring impact of childhood maltreatment on grey matter development". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18566.

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Childhood maltreatment doubles an individual’s risk of developing a psychiatric disorder, yet the neurobiological nature of the enduring impact of childhood maltreatment remains elusive. This thesis explores the long-term effect of childhood maltreatment on grey matter. The primary aims of this thesis are to discern the spatial extent, temporal profile and physiological breadth of the developmental impact of childhood maltreatment amongst young people with emerging mental disorder. Chapter II comprises of a meta-analysis of thirty-eight published articles and demonstrates that adults with a history of childhood maltreatment most commonly exhibit reduced grey matter in the hippocampus, amygdala and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, compared to non-maltreated adults. Chapters III-V contain three original studies, involving a cohort of 123 young people, aged 14-26, with emerging mental illness. Chapter III bridges a gap between cross-sectional child and adult studies by longitudinally mapping the developmental trajectory of the hippocampus and amygdala following childhood maltreatment. This study provided the first direct evidence that childhood maltreatment stunts hippocampal development into young adulthood. Chapter IV assesses the utility of the cumulative stress and mismatch hypotheses in understanding the contribution of childhood abuse and recent stress to the structure and function of the limbic system. Chapter V extends on recent advances in connectome research to examine the effect of childhood maltreatment on structural covariance networks. Investigation of the correspondence of structural covariance with structural connectivity and functional connectivity revealed that reduced grey matter across the network is likely related to deceased functional coactivation following childhood maltreatment. Chapter VI discusses the significance of these studies in understanding how maltreatment shapes brain development and increases the risk of psychiatric illness.

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McKee, Bronagh. "Childhood maltreatment : developing a child protection training programme for student educators". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2009. https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/childhood-maltreatment-developing-a-child-protection-training-programme-for-student-educators(bc3b8c6f-177e-430b-a2a9-c05a4a8fca87).html.

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During school-based work and placement experiences, student educators come into contact with children and young people on an almost daily basis. Government guidance dictates that they must contribute to child protection. However, little is known about the preparation they receive for this significant role in Northern Ireland and current policy regarding child protection training in undergraduate curricula is unclear. This study had three main aims: to discover whether or not a pre-service child protection training programme would increase student educators childhood maltreatment knowledge, to consider the differentiated training needs of student groups and to ascertain the perspectives of student educators and experienced practitioners regarding pre-service child protection training. A theoretical analysis allowed for the development of the Child Protection Questionnaire for Educators (CPQE). This was then used to ‘test’ student educators child abuse and neglect knowledge prior to and following participation in the Pastoral Pathways Programme, a pre-service child protection training programme. The study used multi-method research procedures, in terms of combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, and the data collection methods consisted of child protection training Audit; CPQE; vignette; training Programme; and focus groups. The research found that student educators significantly increased their child abuse and neglect knowledge following participation in the Programme and that there is a need to differentiate training needs of student groups. There was evidence from the findings of an urgent need to develop pre-service child protection training in Northern Ireland. The study highlighted the need for an inclusive approach to the undergraduate curriculum to resolve child protection training inequalities and to develop integrated pre-service child protection training in order to contribute to child protection in Northern Ireland more effectively.

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Manis, Hannah Celeste. "Role of Positive Cognitions on Posttraumatic Growth for Childhood Maltreatment Survivors". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1620231980069541.

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Atkins, Larissa. "Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Aggression: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Schemas". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1505935670934039.

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Morelen, Diana M., Maria Muzik i Katherine L. Rosenblum. "Childhood Maltreatment and Motherhood: Implications for Maternal Well-Being and Mothering". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/835.

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Book Summary: This volume offers an overview of the latest research on perinatal adaptation among women who have faced trauma, loss and/or adversity, both in childhood and/or as an adult, and describes the varied trajectories of adaptive and maladaptive coping that follow. The range of outcomes considered span from health-limiting (e.g. mental illness, substance use, unhealthy life style behaviours) to health-promoting (e.g. resilience and posttraumatic growth). These outcomes are examined both in relation to mothers’ experience of motherhood and parenting, and with regard to their children’s lives. Interpersonal trauma, experienced in childhood and/or or adulthood, can have a profound effect on how women experience the transition into motherhood – from pregnancy, to childbirth, and postpartum caregiving. Women across the globe are exposed to high rates of interpersonal violence, and face the physical and emotional consequences of such events. The shift into motherhood is an emotionally evocative period in a woman’s life, entailing not only challenges, but also the potential for healing and growth. Individual chapters will present state-of-the-art research, and will also highlight the voices of women who have personally experienced trauma, illustrating the effects on their experiences as mothers. Throughout the book, the consistent emphasis is on clinical implications and on ways that providers can create a context for healing and growth with the help of current evidence-based and promising treatment methods.

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Dean, Christina Renee. "The Relationship Between Childhood Maltreatment and Sexual Coercion Proclivity in Women". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2966.

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Researchers have explored the effects of sociocultural factors on male and female sexual expression, as well as the relationship between sexual objectification and overall sexual well-being; however, few scholars have focused on how, when combined with early experiences of childhood maltreatment, such factors can result in increased long-term risks for a variety of concerns that may impede the development of healthy relationships in women. This quantitative study explores the relationship of childhood maltreatment and sexual coercion proclivity in adult women. The purpose of this study was to measure self-reports of 1 or more experiences with childhood maltreatment (i.e., physical, sexual, or emotional abuse or neglect) to determine if it is significantly correlated with sexual coercion (physical or verbal sexually aggressive behaviors as well as nonverbal or psychological sexually coercive behaviors) in adult women. The differences in the incidence of self-reported experiences of sexual aggression in 211 female participants recruited via an online survey over a 7-day period were explored to examine if there is a relationship between the development of sexually coercive behaviors as a result of their self-reported experiences of childhood maltreatment. Data were collected using the Qualtrics database and indicated a positive correlation between childhood maltreatment and sexual coercion. Positive social change implications resulting from this research are the inclusion of another professional perspective on childhood maltreatment and sexual coercion, providing information to improve existing public health education and training forums, preventing or reducing the potential negative effects of childhood maltreatment, and ultimately improving the delivery of competent mental health services to all clients.

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Hernández, Fernández Ana. "The relationships between the antecedents of childhood maltreatment and adult borderline personality disorder". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/123977.

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El primer estudio examinó las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) en una muestra clínica de mujeres (n=185). Los resultados mostraron una adecuada fiabilidad de consistencia interna y un buen ajuste de la estructura factorial al modelo de cinco factores. Las escalas de cuidado del PBI correlacionaron negativamente con las escalas del CTQ-SF, y las escalas de sobreprotección del PBI positivamente. El segundo estudio examinó la relación de distintos tipos de maltrato, el estilo educativo parental y los criterios del Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad (TLP), controlando el efecto simultáneo de las experiencias infantiles adversas y los síntomas del Eje I y II en una muestra clínica de 109 mujeres. Los resultados apoyaron la asociación entre el abuso emocional y sexual y los criterios TLP. Los resultados no apoyaron la relación entre el estilo parental y los criterios de TLP.
The first study examined the psychometrics properties of the Spanish version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) in a clinical sample of females (n=185). The results revealed adequate internal consistency reliability of the Spanish CTQ-SF and a good fit of the factor structure to the original version’s five-factor model. The caring scale from the PBI was negatively correlated with CTQ-SF scales, and the PBI overprotection scale was positively correlated with the CTQ-SF scales. The second study examined the relationship of different types of childhood maltreatment and perceived parenting style with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) criteria, controlling for the effect of simultaneous adverse experiences and Axis I and II symptoms in a sample of 109 female patients. The results supported an association between emotional and sexual abuse and BPD criteria. The results did not support a relationship between parenting style and BPD criteria.

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Hillberg, Tanja. "Investigating the role of childhood maltreatment and witnessing intimate partner violence on childhood behaviour and mental health". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/921/.

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The aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of childhood maltreatment (CM) and witnessing intimate partner violence (W.IPV) on childhood behaviour and mental health (MH). The complex interaction of risk, protection and mediating factors are considered in the ecological model (Bronfenbrenner, 1979). Part I of the thesis provides a systematic examination of the literature. Chapter 1 considered the strengths and weaknesses of existing meta-analytical reviews on the association between childhood sexual abuse and adult psychopathology. This highlighted the need to address issues of study validity. Chapter 2 reviews the link between CM and childhood behavioural and emotional difficulties, concluding that the same vulnerability to these difficulties exists in childhood as in adulthood. The ecological model provides a structure for understanding how a combination of contextual levels influences a child’s vulnerability. Part II investigates the relationship between CM and MH outcomes. Chapter 3 examines the effect of CM and/or W.IPV in a community sample, highlighting the mediating properties of emotion regulation and pro-social behaviour. In a clinical sample, concurrent W.IPV/CM was associated with more adverse outcomes at pre-treatment (Chapters 4,5,7) and post-treatment (Chapter 5), as well as recurrent re-referrals to MH services (Chapter 6). Parental nationality (Chapter 4, 5), maternal economic/housing difficulties (Chapters 5, 6), and peer friendship difficulties (Chapters 4, 5, 6) were consistently found to have a short-term, rather than a long-term effect, on a child’s well-being. The results of the thesis are discussed in terms of policies and practical implications for future research.

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Plant, Dominic. "When one childhood meets another : maternal child maltreatment and offspring child psychopathology". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15001/.

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Studies have shown that a mother’s history of child maltreatment is associated with her child’s experience of internalising and externalising difficulties. This study aimed to characterise the mediating pathways that may underpin this association. Data on a mother’s history of child maltreatment, depression during pregnancy, depression after birth, maladaptive parenting practices and her child’s experience of maltreatment and preadolescent internalising and externalising difficulties were analysed in a sample of 9,397 mother-child dyads followed prospectively from pregnancy to child age 13. The results showed that maternal history of child maltreatment was significantly associated with child internalising and externalising difficulties in preadolescence. Maternal antenatal depression, post-birth depression, maladaptive parenting and child maltreatment were observed to significantly mediate this association. The study concluded that psychological and psychosocial interventions focused around treating maternal depression, particularly during pregnancy, and improving parenting skills, could be offered to mothers with traumatic childhood experiences to help protect against psychopathology in the next generation.

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Valiquette, Luc François. "Association between self-reported childhood maltreatment and cortisol profiles in psychotic patients". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112314.

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Childhood maltreatment is extremely common in patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders. Moreover, it has been linked with impaired functioning of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis. Furthermore, abnormality of the HPA has been found in psychotic patients. Presence of childhood maltreatment could then explain why the HPA axis is dysfunctional in these subjects. Our objective was to clarify the role of childhood trauma in the cortisol profiles of psychotic patients. Thirty-one patients underwent assessments of childhood maltreatment. Diurnal cortisol and cortisol after a controlled psychosocial stress were also collected. Our results show that childhood trauma is associated with lower cortisol levels during the morning and during 24 hours. In men diagnosed with psychosis, childhood trauma is also associated with a higher cortisol response during psychosocial stress. This suggests an alteration of the HPA axis in psychotic patients, resulting from early trauma. Moreover, our results suggest that looking at specific types of childhood abuse may also be important.

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Tucker, Rachel. "Treatment-resistent depression and childhood maltreatment : interpersonal functioning and quality of life". Thesis, University of London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542383.

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Kirke-Smith, Mimi. "Childhood maltreatment: Developmental effects on executive functioning and inner speech during adolescence". Thesis, London South Bank University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.593647.

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Research over the past decade indicates that adolescents subjected to childhood maltreatment have more emotional and behavioural disturbances and lower cognitive abilities than typically developing (TD) adolescents. These difficulties are consistent with weaknesses in executive functioning (EF) skills. The main aim of the research reported in this thesis was to investigate whether maltreated adolescents have impairments in EF abilities compared to TD adolescents. It further assessed whether emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) could explain any potential differences, and whether variances in trauma symptomatology had differential effects on EF. A secondary aim was to investigate whether disruption to inner speech during a planning task had a greater effect on the planning efficiency of TD adolescents than maltreated adolescents. To mirror the investigations into EF, EBD as well as variations in trauma symptomatology were also examined. Forty adolescents subjected to child maltreatment, together with 40 TD adolescents for comparison, completed a battery of tasks designed to assess their EF abilities. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were carried out to examine group differences in each of the 10 EF measures. Further analyses were carried out to examine the influence of EBD and trauma symptomatology on EF. To investigate whether disruptions to inner speech during a planning task had a greater effect on the planning efficiency of TD adolescents than maltreated adolescents, participants completed a ‘tower’ task with two conditions: Articulatory Suppression (AS) to prevent the use of inner speech; and foot-tapping to act as a ‘control’ non-speech interference condition. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were carried out to explore group differences in planning efficiency under the two interference conditions. The influences of EBD and trauma symptomatology were also examined. The maltreated adolescents had significantly lower performance than the TD adolescents on most of the EF tasks, even after controlling for EBD. Furthermore, the results indicated that maltreatment type was related to EF abilities. In the AS condition of the tower task, the planning efficiency of maltreated adolescents was significantly poorer than that of TD adolescents, even after controlling for EBD, suggesting they were more vulnerable to disruptions to inner speech. Again, maltreatment type was significantly related. However, there were no group differences in planning efficiency in the foot-tapping condition. These findings support the hypothesis that impairments in EF and inner speech are the underlying reason that adolescents with histories of childhood maltreatment struggle to cope both inside and outside the classroom.

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Scolio, Jay. "Early Maladaptive Schemas Underlying the Relation between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Depression". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1448027064.

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Monheim, Cynthia J. "Childhood maltreatment: Associated psychopathology and attentional functioning in a healthy college sample". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289951.

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The relationship between childhood maltreatment, depression, anxiety, and neuropsychological performance was assessed in a two-part study of healthy college students. The primary hypotheses predicted that more severe self-reported histories of childhood maltreatment in this population would be correlated with: (a) increased current symptoms of anxiety and depression; (b) poorer attentional performance; and (c) that anxiety and depression would moderate the relationship between maltreatment and attentional performance. Phase 1: In the first college student study (n = 202), moderate associations were found between self-reported childhood maltreatment and current depression symptoms (r = .348, p < .001), as well as current anxiety symptoms (r = .286, p < .001). Performance on the Digit Symbol test, used here as a measure of sustained attention, was significantly correlated with sexual abuse (r = -.157, p = .013), but was not correlated with total maltreatment, punishment, or neglect scores. Depression and anxiety symptoms neither moderated nor mediated the relationship between sexual maltreatment and Digit Symbol test performance. Phase II: In the second college student study (n = 71), multiple measures of attention and other domains of neuropsychological function were added to better understand the potential relationship between maltreatment, attention, and depression and anxiety symptoms. Total self-reported childhood maltreatment was found to significantly correlate with depression (r = .315, p = .004), and anxiety (r = .271, p = .011) symptoms. Scores on neglect/negative home environment and punishment subscales also significantly correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Surprisingly, sexual abuse did not. No maltreatment scores significantly correlated with performance on neuropsychological measures in this sample. However, the multiplicative interaction of anxiety and sexual abuse significantly correlated with a factor-determined index of verbal fluency. No other of the multiplicative interactions of abuse scales and depression or anxiety symptoms were correlated with any other factor-derived indices of attention or cognitive functioning (total of 40 correlations examined). These findings highlight the relationship between childhood maltreatment and anxiety and depression in an otherwise healthy, high-functioning sample. Within such a sample, however, there is little evidence for significant effects of maltreatment on attentional or other aspects of cognitive executive functioning. These results are discussed in relationship to previously reported research and the methodological limitations of the present study.

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Ayling, Natasha Jane. "Measuring early childhood educators' self-efficacy for mandatory reporting of child maltreatment". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/130708/2/Natasha_Ayling_Thesis.pdf.

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This study aimed to investigate how to measure self-efficacy as an important aspect of mandatory reporting of child maltreatment in the context of early childhood settings in Queensland. A new scale was developed based on Bandura's Self-Efficacy Theory and subsequently tested through an anonymous online survey with 87 early childhood educators. Findings highlight the challenges of conducting research on sensitive topics and support existing research that has examined the barriers and facilitators to mandatory reporting. Opportunities and challenges relating to educators' self-efficacy are identified, and collective efficacy emerged as a key theme influencing motivation. Recommendations include enhanced training initiatives that focus on building collective efficacy, regular updating of service policies to better reflect legislative requirements, and further development work on a reporting self-efficacy measure.

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Panchanathan, Amritha. "Comparing Different Forms of Childhood Maltreatment as Risk Factors for Adult Cardiovascular Disease and Depression". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623604.

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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.
Research has shown an association between childhood maltreatment and risk factors for cardiovascular disease and depression. The purpose of this study is to examine the total and unique effects of various forms of childhood maltreatment on the development of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and depression in both women and men. Data for this study will be obtained from retrospective chart review and from an already established research database at a private healthcare facility specializing in the treatment of trauma and addiction. All information will pertain to participants’ admission to the healthcare facility and will include self‐report data on childhood maltreatment and symptoms of depression, as well as retrospective chart review data regarding physiological metrics of risk for cardiovascular disease (blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes). Results from 290 patients indicated that emotional abuse and emotional neglect were the leading predictors of negative outcomes with emotional neglect being a significant predictor of adult depression even after controlling for age, gender, and marital status. Younger participants and women reported higher levels of depression. However, the gender‐specific regressions showed that younger age and emotional neglect remained significant predictors of depression, with the percent variance explained by the model being greater among men compared to women. This greater effect size among men was driven by a stronger association between younger age and depression in men than in women. Childhood emotional abuse was associated with greater risk for coronary heart disease, even after controlling for gender and marital status. Gender‐specific analyses showed that, for men, childhood physical neglect emerged as a significant predictor of coronary heart disease risk after controlling for marital status. Contrary to predictions, among women, none of the five types of childhood maltreatment emerged as a significant predictor of coronary heart disease risk. Moreover, depression was inversely associated with risk for coronary heart disease. In other words, higher levels of depression were consistently associated with lower levels of coronary heart disease risk. This was attributed to the fact that younger people reported higher levels of depression, but younger age was also associated with lower levels of coronary heart disease risk. Furthermore, the results of this study can be used to develop screening tools, based on childhood maltreatment severity and type, for depression and cardiovascular disease. To what degree are specific types of childhood abuse and neglect (i.e., emotional, physical, or sexual) risk factors for depression and cardiovascular disease and how are these risks moderated by gender? Hypotheses: 1) It is expected that higher levels of childhood neglect and abuse (all forms taken together) will be related to higher levels of depressive symptoms and greater risk for cardiovascular disease. 2) Comparing five basic forms of neglect and abuse, it is anticipated that emotional abuse will have the strongest association with elevations in depression and cardiovascular risk. 3) It is hypothesized that the relation between childhood maltreatment and cardiovascular risk will be stronger in women compared to men.

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Harvey, Shannon Maree. "Childhood Psychological Maltreatment and Perception of Self, Others, and Relationships: A Phenomenological Exploration". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4251.

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Using a qualitative approach this thesis aimed to investigate perception of self, others, and relationships in individuals with a history of chronic, childhood, parental, childhood, psychological maltreatment. Six participants (3 staff; 3 clients) from low-cost counselling agency completed a semi-structured interview designed to assess perceptions of self, others, and relationships. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis yielded four superordinate themes: shame-based perception of self; self-protection from emotional pain; egocentric perception of others; and shame-based roles in relationships. The results of this study were compared with current literature on childhood maltreatment, including psychological maltreatment, and perception of self, others, and relationships, and significant similarities were found between research to date and the findings of this study. Theoretical links were then made to Bowlby’s (1969) attachment theory. The findings of this study suggest that psychological maltreatment has significant, pervasive, deleterious consequences for the individual’s perception of self-worth, awareness of others, and interpersonal functioning, and implies that childhood psychological maltreatment merits greater attention and investigation, especially the issue of perception of others.

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Menke, R. A., Diana Morelen, V. A. Simon, K. Rosenblum i M. Musik. "The Longitudinal Relationships Between Shame, Maltreatment Characteristics, Depression, and Posttraumatic Stress During the Postpartum Period in Women with Childhood Maltreatment Histories". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7706.

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Sirkia, Teresa Diane. "What has more impact on relationship conflict : childhood maltreatment, psychopathy or emotional intelligence?" Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14728.

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This study is the first to investigate the possible associations between four predictor variables: childhood maltreatment experiences, psychopathy, emotional intelligence (trait), emotional intelligence (ability), arid the outcome variable relationship conflict in a community-based sample. In addition to exploring the associations between the predictor variables and the outcome variable, this study explored the associations between the predictor variables and proposed a model predicting relationship conflict on the basis of the predictor variables. Participants were 197 non-random community-based males and females contacted through network sampling and online advertisements. Participants completed an online survey comprised of the following instruments, which measured the predictive variables: The Childhood Maltreatment Interview Schedule — Short Form (CMIS-SF; Briere, 1992) measured self-reported childhood maltreatment experiences, two of which formed the childhood maltreatment experiences variable (i.e., physical abuse and sexual abuse); the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale III (SRP-III; Williams, Nathanson, & Paulhus, 2003) measured self-reported psychopathy; the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i; Bar-On, 1997) measured self-reported ability-based emotional intelligence; and twenty-eight streaming video clips, four for each of the seven universal emotional facial expressions (i.e., happy, sad, fear, surprise, anger, disgust, contempt) from the Micro Expression Training Tool (METT; Ekman, 2003-2006) used to measure ability based emotional intelligence. The total score of four subscales (e.g., psychological aggression, physical assault, sexual coercion, physical injury) from the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2; Straus, Boney-McCoy, & Sugarman, 1996) comprised the outcome variable relationship conflict. Poisson regressions were completed and results indicated that psychopathy is the variable most predictive of relationship conflict in this sample. This is followed by childhood maltreatment experiences. Trait-based emotional intelligence gained significance as a predictor of relationship conflict but with a marginal effect size. Ability-based emotional intelligence and gender were not predictive in the model that took into account all the predictor variables. These findings and others are discussed in terms of their relevance in predicting relationship conflict in a community-based sample.

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Cecil, C. A. M. "The impact of childhood maltreatment in a community sample of high-risk youth". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1415298/.

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Childhood maltreatment represents a global phenomenon and a major public health concern. Despite considerable advances in the field, a number of important gaps have yet to be fully addressed. The current thesis set out to empirically address four outstanding research questions using data drawn from a community sample of high-risk youth. First, we examined whether childhood maltreatment and community violence exposure exert independent, additive or interactive effects on mental health (Chapter 2). Findings point to the existence of both common and distinct effects. While maltreatment predicted symptoms across a broad range of mental health domains, the impact of community violence was more constrained. Typically, these forms of adversity additively affected mental health. Second, we explored whether distinct forms of maltreatment uniquely impact mental health functioning (Chapter 3). Maltreatment types were highly interrelated and frequently co-occurring. We identified both shared and unique effects of maltreatment types on mental health. Emotional abuse emerged as the sole unique contributor to internalizing difficulties and trauma symptoms. Third, we investigated whether variants of callous-unemotional traits in youth are differentially associated with maltreatment history and markers of individual functioning (Chapter 4). Maltreatment was a key discriminating factor between variants. The combination of high anxiety and high callous-unemotional traits indexed a particularly vulnerable group of youth characterized by increased psychopathology and suicide risk. Finally, we tested the psychometric properties of the first non-verbal screening tool of family aggression (Chapter 5). We found initial support for the reliability, validity and diagnostic accuracy of this measure in detecting multiple forms of family aggression, including direct victimization and exposure to intimate partner violence. Overall, findings from the current thesis significantly advance knowledge of the processes by which interrelated forms of developmental adversity combine to affect mental health, as well as elucidating factors associated with individual heterogeneity to maltreatment responses.

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Paz, Jackeline. "Support and psycho-educational group for adult survivors of childhood maltreatment| A grant proposal". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585644.

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The purpose of this project was to write a grant proposal to create, implement, and test the effectiveness of an innovative support and psycho-educational group program for adult survivors of childhood maltreatment. This pilot program is geared to alleviate trauma related symptoms that impair their ability to be successful members of society. Adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect are often times undetected and not considered as obvious targets for prevention and intervention programs. For this reason, this pilot program was named Interventional Strategies for Imperceptible Survivors of Childhood Maltreatment (ISISMA) to recap their increased need for mental health services and the need to strategize concurrent and comprehensive prevention and treatment approaches.

To address the gap in services and budgetary limitations, this pilot program was delineated to provide services in a group-community setting. It is tailored to mitigate their unique needs and challenges of this marginalized population living in Anaheim and surrounding areas. This pilot program is expected to be an innovative platform for planning, expansion, and implementation of other replicated support and psycho-educational group programs.

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Tissell, Rachel L. "Child maltreatment risk| Associations with mothers' representations of childhood attachment, trauma, caregiving, and regulation". Thesis, Mills College, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10163157.

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Child maltreatment models view risk as a complex constellation of factors that emphasize parents’ trauma experiences and regulation processes. Attachment research has shown that mothers’ representations of childhood attachment and caregiving places their children at developmental risk. Studies to date have evaluated contributing factors separately, but little research considers mothers’ past and current experiences combined with relational trauma and familial regulation patterns. The current research adopted an integrated perspective using known maternal risk factors, and extended existing research in several unique ways by examining association with both adult trauma and childhood trauma; caregiving representations; pathological mourning; and capacity for emotion regulation. Seventy-five mothers with children between 19-74 months (40% boys) from diverse socio-economic and cultural backgrounds completed assessments of maltreatment risk, adult attachment, caregiving, relational trauma, parenting stress, and emotion regulation. Maternal representations of attachment were significantly related to risk, with unresolved mothers demonstrating the highest risk. There were significant positive associations between risk and relational trauma – both frequency and subjective distress with parents and partners. Helpless and heightened caregiving representations, parenting stress, and emotion regulation were also all significantly related to risk. This is the first study to consider maltreatment in the context of relational trauma as defined by Bowlby’s (1980) model of pathological mourning. Risk scores were significantly greater for mothers classified in pathological mourning groups than other mothers. These findings punctuate the effects of problems associated with mourning attachment trauma on maternal regulatory capacities and parenting risk. Implications for infant mental health research and intervention are discussed.

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Fauble, Mandy A. "How Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Negatively Impacts Children’s Mental Health Outcomes Among Polysubstance Exposed Children". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238242697.

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Teeters, Angelique R. "Effects of Childhood Maltreatment History on Maternal Sensitivity to Infant Facial Expressions of Emotion". Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1396716594.

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Straub, Elizabeth L. "The Differential Impact of Specific Childhood Maltreatment Types on Current Substance Use Dependence Symptom Severity". Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1617355047836773.

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Felsher, Jennifer R. "Etiological factors related to gambling problems the impact of childhood maltreatment and subsequent psychological stressors /". Thesis, access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2006. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?NR25142.

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White, Lars O., Annette M. Klein, Clemens Kirschbaum, Maria Kurz-Adam, Manfred Uhr, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Katrin Hoffmann i in. "Analyzing pathways from childhood maltreatment to internalizing symptoms and disorders in children and adolescents (AMIS)". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-171688.

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Background: Effective interventions for maltreated children are impeded by gaps in our knowledge of the etiopathogenic mechanisms leading from maltreatment to mental disorders. Although some studies have already identified individual risk factors, there is a lack of large-scale multilevel research on how psychosocial, neurobiological, and genetic factors act in concert to modulate risk of internalizing psychopathology in childhood following maltreatment. To help close this gap, we aim to delineate gender-specific pathways from maltreatment to psychological disorder/resilience. To this end, we examine the interplay of specific maltreatment characteristics and psychological, endocrine, metabolomic, and (epi-)genomic stress response patterns as well as cognitive-emotional/social processes as determinants of developmental outcome. Specifically, we will explore endocrine, metabolomic, and epigenetic mechanisms leading from maltreatment to a higher risk of depression and anxiety disorders.

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46

Ross, Nicholas Dutra. "From Childhood Maltreatment to Depressive Symptoms in Adulthood: The Roles of Self-Compassion and Shame". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157627/.

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We hypothesized that the formation of malevolent introjects undermines the development of self-compassion, which in turn produces greater feelings of shame. We hypothesized that these feelings of shame account for concurrent depressive symptoms in adulthood. To test these hypotheses, we proposed a multiple mediator mediation model in which our independent variable was childhood maltreatment. We modeled child maltreatment as negatively predicting our first mediator, self-compassion, which in turn positively predicted internalized shame. We modeled internalized shame as positively predicting scores on our dependent variable, adult depressive symptoms. Participants were 158 adults fluent in English who were community members and college students living in a southwestern American metroplex. The model accounted for 61.8% of the variance in depressive symptoms in adulthood. A significant indirect effect from child maltreatment passed through both our mediators and ended in depressive symptoms in adulthood. We discuss limitations and theoretical and clinical implications, and future directions.

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MacIntire, Mae M. "Predictors of the Relationship Between Childhood Maltreatment and Career Decision Self-efficacy Among Undergraduate Students". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804901/.

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Vocational disruption for survivors of interpersonal trauma has been noted by both practitioners and researchers. While limited empirical support exists, a firm theoretical framework and a full range of outcomes have not been explored. Guided by the framework of social cognitive career theory (SCCT), a promising framework recommended in the previous literature, the aim of the current study was to explore the function of contextual barriers and supports as predictors of career decision self-efficacy (CDSE). Due to the lack of consistency in previous research and absent theoretical specification of the particular mode of intervening variables, both mediation and moderation were explored using multiple regression. The results indicate the relationship between background factors (i.e., childhood maltreatment) and CDSE was fully mediated by an indirect pathway via personal factors (i.e., trauma-related symptoms) and learning experiences (i.e., anxious and avoidant attachment with a career-related mentor) in the prediction of CDSE. The results also indicate that personal factors (i.e., trauma-related symptoms) function as a moderator between background factors (i.e., childhood maltreatment) and learning experiences as anxious attachment with a career-related mentor. Finally, learning experiences as anxious attachment with a career-related mentor moderated the relationship between personal factors (i.e., trauma-related symptoms) and CDSE. Overall, within the SCCT model, the proposed predictors help explain differences in CDSE as related to childhood maltreatment through mediation and moderation. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.

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Fauble, Mandy A. "How Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Negatively Impacts Children⁰́₉s Mental Health Outcomes Among Polysubstance Exposed Children". Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238242697.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009
Title from PDF (viewed on 26 May 2009) Includes abstract Mandel School of Applied Sciences (Social Welfare) Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center

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Kitei, Nicole Schneider. "Childhood Maltreatment, Family Environment, and Problem Solving Style in Adult Criminal Offenders: A Comparative Study". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193693.

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This study investigated the relationship between experiences of childhood maltreatment, family functioning, problem-solving style, and criminal offending. Participants (N = 120) were all male and classified as violent (V), non-violent (NV), or non-offenders (NO) based on their criminal histories. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Family-of-Origin Scale (FOS), Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised (SPSI-R), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) were administered to all participants. Results suggest that V's reported significantly more maltreatment compared to NO's. V's came from the least healthy families while NO's came from the healthiest families. Finally, V's were more likely to use an impulsive approach and less likely to use a rational approach to solving problems than NO's. Experiences of physical neglect discriminated the groups. This study also discovered previously ignored correlations between these variables within each of the three groups and implications of these new findings are discussed.

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Tursich, Mischa. "Relationships between Psychological Distress and Immune Function in Women with a History of Childhood Maltreatment". Thesis, NSUWorks, 2012. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/72.

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Exposure to traumatic events can lead to many varied psychological and physiological difficulties, including an increased risk for chronic physical health problems and chronic pain disorders, which are thought to be mediated through the three major biological systems involved in the human stress response. The objective of the present study was to examine the relationships between psychological symptoms and proinflammatory immune markers, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6), which are thought to be related to many of the physical health problems associated with posttraumatic psychopathology. Female participants (N=12) were recruited from a trauma specialty clinic and participated in approximately one research session per month for up to one year of psychotherapy. Five participants had at least three data points and were further examined for longitudinal correlations. Baseline measurements of urinary IL-1β were associated with self-report measures of trait anxiety and dissociative symptoms. One participant, who completed nine research sessions over nearly 12 months, showed improvements in depressive symptoms, state and trait anxiety, and dissociative symptoms that seemed to correspond with decreases in IL-6. IL-1β did not seem to be related to any of her symptom measures. A second participant, with five data points over almost four months, showed less marked change in symptomatology, but her IL-6 levels seemed to correspond with depressive and dissociative symptoms, and her IL-1β levels seemed to be associated with trends in state anxiety and dissociative symptoms. Three other participants had between three and four data points, and the trends obtained were inadequate to determine whether any true relationship existed among the longitudinal variables. These results provide preliminary evidence that it may be possible to reduce chronic pro-inflammatory dysregulation through psychotherapy-facilitated symptom reduction.

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