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1
Wereley, James Russell. "The Legal Position of the Time Chartered Operator: Evaluating the Legal Risks and Potential Responses of the Time Charterer Which Sub-Charters on Voyage Terms". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32161.
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There are many major shipping companies which operate fleets comprised largely of vessels which are time chartered and subsequently sub-chartered on voyage terms. Legal risks will arise for the time charterer due the differing natures and terms of time and voyage charters. The essential question examined in this thesis is that of whether, and to what extent, legal risk can be minimized by the negotiation of equivalent contractual terms under time and voyage charter parties.
The key areas addressed in this thesis are delivery under time charters compared to readiness under voyage charters, off hire under time charters versus suspension of laytime under voyage charters, obligations relating to cleanliness of cargo spaces, rights and responsibilities relative to safe berths and ports, the time charterer's position under bills of lading, and issues relating to redelivery of the vessel and consequent voyage charter liability if the vessel is unable to undertake the final voyage. The methodology applied is an examination of the case law, with a primary focus on the extensive body of English jurisprudence. This analysis of the case law is accompanied by a consideration of provisions of major charter party forms.
The analysis leads to the conclusion that risk, to varying degrees, can be minimized through the application and clarification of contractual language. With respect to readiness of the vessel it is considered that risk will be reduced through agreeing contractual language which requires early notification of the vessel's delay. As regards off hire and laytime wording that clarifies non physical deficiencies is proposed. With regard to vessel cargo spaces intermediate cleanliness is identified as the greatest risk. Safe port and berth warranties are determined to represent an area of easily manageable risk, while letters of indemnity relating to bills of lading continue to represent very significant risk with suggested but no certain solution. Finally, with respect to redelivery a final voyage clause for time charters has been proposed which serves to almost eliminate risk in this area.
Therefore, it is broadly concluded that risk can be managed but not eliminated through drafting of appropriate contractual terms.
2
Pavliha, Marko A. "Implied terms of voyage charters". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39273.
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This thesis is a comparative study of English, American, French, Canadian and Quebec law relative to the implied terms of voyage charterparties.It addresses specifically the implied terms in the general law of contract demonstrating the similarity between the Civil and Common law systems as well as the need to convert the implied terms into rules of law not subject to exclusion by agreement. The latter proposal is also supported by the doctrine of frustration which has evolved from the notion of implied terms into a principle of law.
The thesis treats the implied undertakings of the shipowner which are to provide a seaworthy vessel, to go the the port of loading with reasonable despatch, to exercise reasonable care and to proceed without deviation.
In addition, it studies the implied undertakings of the charterer being, essentially, the obligation to nominate a safe port and/or berth, and the undertaking not to ship dangerous goods.
The thesis takes into account the impact of the transportation of goods under voyage charterparties upon the environment and suggests how this impact and its effects might be prevented by international law.
Finally, it is submitted that because implied terms have been and are part of the fundamental legal structure of the voyage charterparty in both Common and Civil law, they should become express rules of international law, not subject to exclusion by contract.
3
Cooper, Donna Lierre. "The charters of Thoby Priory". Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244139.
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This is a critical edition of charters pertaining to Thoby Priory, Essex which flourished cl 140 to 1525. The introductory chapters discuss the history of Thoby from its origins as a hermitage in the woods of Mountnessing and its formallsation as an Augustinian house, through to its early suppression for the endowment of Cardinal Wolsey's college at Oxford. The work examines the social backgrounds of Thoby's founders and main benefactors, and looks at their motives for donations. It discusses the pattern of Thobys property acquisition and the degree to which it was proactive or passive, outlining the canons' four centuries of estate management. Thoby was one of a dozen Augustinian houses In Essex, and one of the smallest; there were also eleven religious houses of various orders within a fifteen-mile radius of Thoby, which meant that competition for endowment was always strong. This may be the reason for Thoby's comparative lack of spiritualities; unlike many Augustinian houses Thoby only possessed one parish church, St Giles, Mountnessing. The thesis looks at the canons' relationship with the vicars of the church, which was not always a smooth one when it came to their respective claims over tithes. It also looks at Thoby's relationship with the neighbouring religious houses. The introduction to the edition also includes a discussion of the convent Itself. There is a list of priors and canons; a brief outline of their routine, and a conjectural description of the conventual buildings (of which just one arch remains today). Finally, as this is not an edition of a cartulary, it has been possible to describe and discuss the valuable collection of seals appended to some of these 225 original documents. There are examples from bishops, deans and several monastic houses, for instance, and personal seals which include equestrian and heraldic examples, as well as more workaday seals from the lesser gentry.
4
Weinberg, Lawrence D. "The constitutionality of religion-based charter schools: answering practical legal questions". Thesis, Boston University, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/33588.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
This study explores the constitutionality of religion-based charter schools. The method of analysis used hypothetical charter schools to answer legal questions. The answers are grounded in law using the latest precedent. The background material before examining charters sets forth both the legal and policy contexts of religious charters schools. The legal context includes a detailed analysis of the Establishment Clause of the U.S. Constitution focusing on the most recent Supreme Court cases on that topic. The policy analysis examines the normative and structural dimensions of charter schools, which are then compared with voucher programs. The historical, political and educational contexts of charter programs are also examined. Three hypothetical situations examine a total of eighteen legal questions: Can coreligionists form a charter school? Can morality-based general propositions of good be taught in a charter school? Can a charter school teach values espoused by coreligionists? Can a charter school teach a course in the relationship between religion and morality? Can a charter school have religious criteria for staff? Can a charter school limit a teacher's right to express different worldviews? Can a charter school offer optional prayer? Can a charter school form for the purpose of allowing students' ease of access to religious education? Can a charter school form to provide students, who would otherwise attend parochial schools, with a free, secular public education? Can clergy sit on the board of a charter school? Can a charter school share facilities with a parochial school? Can a religious organization operate a charter school? Can a charter school have religious criteria for admission? To what extent can a religion class be taught in a charter school? Can a charter school require religious instruction? Can a charter school require religious exercises or worship? Can a charter school affiliate with a denomination? Can states exclude religious organizations from operating charter schools? Each question is analyzed from a legal perspective. The study concludes that charter statutes present an opportunity for parents and communities to form charter schools that will accommodate their beliefs; however, the constitution does not allow them to form schools that endorse their beliefs.
2031-01-01
5
Hofmann, Petra. "Infernal imagery in Anglo-Saxon charters". Thesis, St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/498.
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Spalding, Mary Caroline. "The Middle English charters of Christ". Ann Arbor, Mich. : University of Michigan Library, 2006. http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=cme;cc=cme;view=toc;idno=AFW1075.0001.001.
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Zech, Charles E. "An analysis of Texas home rule charters /". View online, 2008. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/280/.
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Woodman, David Anthony. "The Anglo-Saxon charters of York and Durham". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612196.
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Edwards, Heather. "The charters of the early West Saxon kingdom". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3987/.
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This thesis relates to the earliest West Saxon charters, that is those dating from the period c. 670 to the end of the reign of Ecgberht in 839. All charters which have any direct and specific relevance to the West Saxon kingdom in this period are included. The early West Saxon charters are among the most problematical and neglected of all Anglo-Saxon charters. There are various reasons for this: only a small amount of material survives, and it is difficult to form any judgement of, or base any conclusions on, such fragmentary evidence; there are no original West Saxon charters for the period before 838, and consequently no fixed point from which a study of the material could proceed; the main collections, such as those of Malmesbury and Glastonbury, have been widely regarded with suspicion; there is a dearth of other types of evidence for the period which might have illuminated the charters; and the whole period has been largely neglected by modern historians in comparison with the earlier and later periods of West Saxon history. The purpose of this study is to examine each of the documents in detail, to establish as far as possible which of the texts or portions of them are authentic, and to identify a body of genuine material which scholars may in future use as historical evidence with some confidence. Charters are arranged under the archives in which they survived in the medieval period, and each document is discussed individually. Judgements regarding authenticity are presented, and, where the document is genuine in whole or in part, some attempt is made to suggest the historical conclusions which can be drawn from it. A summary of early West Saxon diplomatic is provided and an analysis of the charters according to authenticity. The chief conclusion of this study is that a substantial proportion of the early West Saxon charters are authentic in whole or in part, and that they constitute a considerable body of evidence for the history of the early West Saxon kingdom.
10
Insley, Charles. "The Anglo-Saxon charters of Exeter : an edition and commentary". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297526.
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Lecordier, Sophie. "Les charters et la libéralisation du transport aérien dans l'Europe communautaire". Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE0029.
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Le transport aérien est assuré par deux types de services aériens, d'une part les services réguliers et, d'autre part les services non réguliers communement appelés charters. L'évolution de leurs natures juridiques respectives tend à éliminer leur distinction et entraîne une dilution du vol charter lequel, des lors est exploité, tant par les compagnies charters que par les compagnies régulières, néanmoins, les obligations de service public demandées à ces dernières justifient en premier lieu une certaine résistance étatique au développement des compagnies charters, alors qu'en second lieu, des aides d'état sont octroyées aux compagnies régulières. Face à cette position étatique, les compagnies charters et les voyagistes vont entamer des actions judiciaires devant la cour de justice des communautes européennes, qui stimuleront l'action communautaire. La commission et le conseil prendront position en libéralisant le transport aérien communautaire. Néanmoins, cette libéralisation aura des incidences sur les charters car elle permettra aux compagnies régulières d'élargir leur clientèle vers celle traditonnellement ciblée par les compagnies charters, alors que ces dernières devront rispoter par une régularisation de leurs vols ou une intégration dans un groupe touristiqueAir transportation is insured by two types of service, du one hand regular services and, on the other hand, non regular services, commonly known as charters. The development of their respective legal status, tends to eliminate their distinction and results in the dilution of the charter flight, henceforth operated by both specific charter companies and by regular companies. Nonetheless, public service obligations required of the latter primarily justify a certain state controlled development of charter companies. Face with this state control, charters companies and tour operator will initiate legal action vis-a-vis the cjce which will stimulate community action. The commission and the council will take position by liberalising community air transportation. Nevertheless, this liberalization will affects the charters as the will permit the regular companies to increase their clientele by including those traditinally handled by charter companies, while the latter should respond by the regularisation of their flights or integration into a tourist group
12
Ng, Sze Fung Fowie. "Charterism and charterization within health services : a public choice analysis of the implementation of patients' charters in England and Hong Kong". Thesis, University of Hull, 2002. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8398.
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Patients' charters have been incorporated in health services systems among various countries including the United Kingdom and Hong Kong. By means of a comparative case study, this research looked at the implementation of patients' charters in the National Health Service in England and the Hospital Authority in Hong Kong from the perspectives of staff at different levels as well as patients' groups and their representative bodies. Points of convergence and different approaches have been illustrated in both locations from their experiences in implementing the charter. Together with the positive and negative impacts learned, it is argued that current knowledge about 'Charterism' is limited to the UK context and this should be interpreted within the international arena as shown from a bundle of tenets and principles of the Hong Kong experience. By means of analyzing the case study, the utility of Pubic Choice Theory is demonstrated in understanding the self-interest behaviours among the actors involved in patient's charter in both locations. It is also argued that patients' charters can be effective Public Choice remedy tools to shift provider-led health services into consumer-led health services.
13
Legg, Katrina Jane. "An edition of the Coucher Book and charters of Bolton Priory (Yorkshire)". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3430/.
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This thesis contains an edition of the Coucher Book of Bolton Priory, an Augustinian house in Yorkshire, together with edited sections of Dodsworth MS 144, like the Coucher Book, a copy of the lost cartulary, and a number of original charters. These documents have been edited in full, with each being preceded by a caption in English together with a date and references to other copies. The edition of the Coucher Book contains notes as to where those sections believed to have been omitted from the cartulary are located in Dodsworth NIS 144. The chapters which precede the edition are intended to give some context to the edition, as well as a brief examination of its contents. The first chapter contains a short history of the Augustinian Order, its development in England, and how Bolton Priory fits into this scheme. Chapter two is concerned with the patrons and benefactors of the priory. It is divided into two sections: the first examines the founders and patrons of the priory and their descendants, whilst the second explores the non-patronal benefactors of the house, with a brief analysis of several of the families who were connected from an early date with the priory, as well as the extent of their support and their motives. The third chapter investigates the estates of the priory and their development. Temporal property is examined first, focussing upon the various types of property acquired, together with its location, and methods of acquisition, and then spiritualities: those churches in which the canons acquired an interest, and to what extent as well as how this was acquired. Finally chapter four examines the lost cartulary and the Coucher Book, exploring their administrative histories, as well as a brief analysis of the charters of the founders and others.
14
Miller, Sean Michael. "An analysis of the Anglo-Saxon charters of the New Minster, Winchester". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271977.
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Ward, Stephen. "The politics of environmental agendas : the case of UK local authorities". Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261618.
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Teoh, Elna. "Television New Zealand's Charter the struggle between social responsibilities and commercial imperatives : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts (Communication Studies), Auckland University of Technology, 2003". Full thesis. Abstract, 2003.
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Hiatt, Alfred Charles. "The use and reception of forged documents in fifteenth-century England". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272817.
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Trafford, Claire de. "The contract of marriage : the maritagium from the eleventh to the thirteenth century". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2325/.
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The maritagium, or marriage portion, was the gift of land or rents given by a father on the occasion of his daughter's marriage. Using the evidence of the surviving charters, printed and archival, which detail the terms and conditions of this grant, in combination with those charters made by the donees or their heirs which refer to the maritagium, and other evidence such as law suits and administrative records (again printed and manuscript), my thesis examined the actual grant and enjoyment of the maritagium in England. It will be shown that the custom of the maritagium was widespread, if not universal, and penetrated all ranks of society. Furthermore maritagia seem to have been given to more than one daughter, and even, on occasion to illegitimate daughters, when the family could afford to do so. This indicates that medieval society, in this period, did not concentrate its resources in the hands of one heir but distributed land within the family, in contrast to previous work which has emphasised the growing concentration of land in the hands of the male heir. The mechanism and method of granting the portion remained remarkably similar over time, varying only in the amount of land, or rent, given as a portion. In particular the thesis examines the maritagium in relation to the lives of women; the charter and legal evidence had strongly indicated that the maritagium was accounted part of the lands of a woman. Examining the maritagia charters it was evident that the charter language changed over the period to reflect this fact, changing from a gift made from a man to a man with a woman, to a gift made to a couple. This change occurred over the course of the twelfth century but, regardless of who the donee was in the original charter, or what the language used seemed to signify, from the earliest period widows were found in control of their maritagium lands. This fact had important ramifications for the position of women within society; for those women who were not heiresses marriage gave a claim to lands which they could utilise in their widowhoods. Furthermore, and unlike dower, the maritagium resembled inherited land in that it could be permanently alienated by a widow if she so desired. These findings were reinforced by the customs to be found written in the works attributed to Glanvill and Bracton, and by the surviving law suits recorded at the eyres of medieval England. In these cases the rights of women to their maritagia were asserted by widows and reinforced by the courts. In this period the ability to own and alienate land conferred power, and the maritagium gave many women the right to lands and powers which they would otherwise have lacked. This was the case until the enactment of the statute De Donis in 1285 which barred both men and women from alienating the maritagium away from their heirs, or from preventing the reversion to the donor's heirs should they prove childless. This statute, which forms the upper date limit of my thesis, thus had a major impact on the rights of women over their property, and also on the customary arrangements made by families with regard to their lands. The maritagium was not, however, only of relevance to women. It did form an important part of the lands of women who were not heiresses, indeed the practice was linked to female inheritance customs, but during marriage the maritagium was controlled and utilised by the husband. In this way men also participated in the gift. In addition because the maritagium involved the passing of land from one family to another the maritagium enabled marriage to be used as a means of dispute settlement or alliance, political, social or economic. By making prudent marriages a family could also accumulate land near the centre of the patrimony whilst disposing of outlying land as maritagia in turn. The maritagium gift thus played a major role in medieval society.
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Abrantes, Jorge Manuel de Oliveira Flor. "Importância do transporte aéreo no turismo: o caso dos voos charters para o Brasil". Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Hotelaria e Turismo do Estoril, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/2342.
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O transporte aéreo tem um papel fundamental para o progresso do turismo internacional.
As companhias charters tiveram igualmente um contributo importante para a abertura de novos mercados, sendo essenciais ao desenvolvimento do turismo organizado (ITC) para esses destinos.
O mercado charter de Portugal para o Brasil iniciou-se em 2000, apesar dos muitos e sucessivos pedidos de anterior liberalização do mercado turístico português para aquele país anteriormente a esta data, nomeadamente dos operadores turísticos. Esta abertura do mercado aos charters levou a um crescimento exponencial dos voos charters para variados destinos no Nordeste do Brasil, muitos dos quais, até aí, completamente desconhecidos dos turistas portugueses.
A consolidação do hub da TAP Portugal, como a companhia aérea preferencial entre a Europa e o Brasil, foi a base de sustentação para o aumento do número de voos para os destinos já existentes e para novos destinos no Brasil.
O excesso de oferta, a saturação do destino, a valorização do real mas, mais importante, a
alteração da frota de longo curso da TAP Portugal, para aviões de maior capacidade, permitiu-lhe oferecer esta capacidade adicional a preços competitivos aos operadores turísticos nacionais.
Esta situação colocou um ponto final nos charters regulares para o Brasil, pois os operadores continuaram a programar o destino como anteriormente, com flexibilidade, qualidade no produto oferecido e sem assumir riscos.
A presente dissertação pretende analisar a evolução do mercado charter para o Brasil desde a sua abertura, visando ao mesmo tempo compreender as principais alterações ocorridas na última década.
As conclusões do trabalho demonstram que a alteração da política comercial da TAP contribuiu decisivamente para a queda do mercado charter para o Brasil, ao mesmo tempo que, a investigação também revelou que o decréscimo dos voos charters teve um impacto directo no declínio do número de turistas portugueses para o Brasil.Air transportation has a fundamental role for the progress of the international tourism. Charter airlines had also an important contribution for the opening of new markets, being essential to the development of the organized tourism (ITC) for those destinations. Charter market from Portugal to Brazil was opened only in 2000, despite the several and successive requests for liberalisation of Portuguese tourist market to that country befor that date, namely by tour operators. The opening of the market to the charters lead to an exponential growth of charter flights to several destinations in the Nordeast of Brazil, many of them completely unknown by the Portuguese tourists. The consolidation of TAP Portugal hub in Lisbon as the preferencial airline between Europe and Brazil, was the basis for the sustained increase of the number of flights for the existing and new Brazilian destinations. The excess supply, the saturation of the destination, the valorization of the real but, more important, the change of long-haul fleet of TAP Portugal to aircrafts with more seats, allowed TAP to offer that additional capacity with competitive rates to national tour operators. This situation put an end in the regular charter market to Brazil, as tour operators were able to continue to programme same destinations as before, with flexibility, higher product quality but without assuming risks. The present dissertation intends to analyse the evolution of the portuguese charter market to Brazil since its opening, aiming at the same time to understand the main changes occurred during the last decade. The conclusions of the research show that the change of the commercial policy of TAP Portugal has contributed definitely to the fall of the charter flights to Brazil. At the same time, the research also revealed that the decreasing of the charter flights had a direct impact in the decline of the number of Portuguese tourists to Brazil.
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Woodford, Taylor Lynn. "TEAM CHARTERS AND PERFORMANCE. THE IMPACT OF EARLY PLANNING MECHANISMS ON TEAM PROCESSES AND PERFORMANCE". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1555944534471593.
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McCartney, Sarah Ellen. "A Blueprint for the Colony: The Virginia Company Charters and the Role of Religion at Jamestown". W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539720302.
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Ingram, James Warren. "The rules of ruling charter reform in Los Angeles, 1850-2008 /". Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3311385.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 30, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 621-632).
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Wacha, Heather Gaile. "La puissance du choix: women's economic activity in twelfth- and thirteenth-century Picardy, France". Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6518.
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This dissertation examines the production, use and preservation of medieval charters and cartularies with regard to what we can know about women's economic activities in twelfth- and thirteenth-century Picardy, France. Charters (medieval records of property transactions) and cartularies (medieval books compiled of charter copies) from three religious institutions located in southern Picardy provide evidence for the case studies examined here. Each institution retains a surviving partial archives of loose charters, as well as a thirteenth-century cartulary. The comparison of their contents enables the creation of two separate sets of charters for each institution—the charters that have been copied into the cartulary and those that have not.
This study's findings indicate that those charters absent from the cartulary provide important information about the cartulary charters, particularly regarding women's identities, networks, and activities. Placing the archives charters alongside the cartulary charters offers an opportuntity to reunite and examine multiple charters that focus on either a single transaction, a single woman, a single family or a single charter issuer. In this way, unidentified women in the cartulary can often be linked to natal and marital families, revealing networks of women's activities. Moreover, evidence for non-noble women's participation in economic transactions emerges alongside that of their better-known noble counterparts. This dissertation argues for a broader scope of women's participation in the alienation and acquisition of property in southern Picardy and calls for more research into charter production and its implications for the study of medieval women.
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OZAWA, Minoru. "Community in Voice? -A Reconsideration of the Social Context Danish Royal Charters Functioned in the 11th Century-". Graduate School of Letters, Nagoya University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/13849.
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Legnér, Mattias. "A Quest for New Charters : Argumentation and Justification in Swedish and Finnish Town Histories from the Eighteenth Century". Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-833.
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Ahrens, Kristin A. "CHARTERS AND CHOICE FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE SCHOOL DISTRICT OF PHILADELPHIA: A MULTI-LEVEL POLICY ANALYSIS". Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/164699.
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Urban EducationEd.M.
A rapid expansion of charter schools is occurring across the United States in spite of the fact that significant issues have come to light in relation to charter schools educating students with disabilities. The School District of Philadelphia is currently relying on charters to educate more than a quarter of all public school students and the demographic make-up of these charters does not mirror the sending district schools in relation to students with disabilities. These students may not have access to the same educational opportunities as their non-disabled peers. Policy governing charters is foundational to the implementation of charter school reform and, therefore, a potential key factor driving disproportionate access. This project examines applicable state law, interpretation of federal and state law into local policy, and the relative strengths and weaknesses of these policies regarding students with severe disabilities accessing free and appropriate public education in Philadelphia charter schools. The theoretical framework I apply is critical ableism. The analytical framework I utilize is based on the Bardach's methodology. My findings from this analysis of charter policy are that there is theoretical support in policy for the socially desirable outcomes of equal access and non-discrimination, though none for a comprehensive definition of diversity. In practical, implementation-related policies significant problems arise. When applied to students with disabilities, there are inherent flaws in the market-based model that is supposed to drive innovation and competition. Policies do not aggressively promote charters vying for the opportunity to educated disabled students. Charter schools are disincentivized to educate students with severe disabilities by fiscal and accountability measures in current policy. Effective remedies to these problematic areas will require fundamental changes in approach to educating disabled students, not simply privatizing current special education practice.
Temple University--Theses
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Muller, Claire. "Médialité de la charte : caractérisation structurelle du genre textuel dans un corpus de chartes françaises inédites du XIIIe siècle". Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040286.
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En partant de l'édition et de l'élaboration informatisée d'un corpus de chartes franc-comtoises (AD de la Haute-Saône et du Jura) du XIIIe siècle en langue française, notre thèse étudie les caractéristiques syntaxiques des chartes en les considérant sous leur aspect de genre textuel. L'analyse poursuit le but d'éclairer les structures syntaxiques et discursives qui construisent la charte dans ses différentes parties en prenant en considération les stratégies médiales et communicatives mises en œuvre. En plus de l'analyse selon des modèles contemporains comme la macro-/microsyntaxe, des phénomènes de jonction et de connexion et de l'ordre des constituants syntaxiques, l'analyse complète des temps verbaux et des circonstants temporels nous a permis d'établir des caractéristiques propres au genre textuel, propre à un type de document à l'intérieur du genre, propre à une partie de discours du genre textuelThis work is based on the transcription and electronic edition of unedited charters from 1243-1296 in French language. It analyses the syntactical and discursive characteristics structuring the different parts of speech. The medial and communicative strategies of a charter are questioned with the help of recent models, like macrosyntax or the temporal semantics by Gosselin, always considering the specifics related to a certain type of text. Hence, phenomenons of junction and connection as well as the order of syntactical components are taken into consideration, a special focus is put on analyzing the organization and the meaning of tenses in the corpus
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Carey, Martha Hope. "Invisible features: hidden aspects of teacher identities in an urban charter school". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/311372.
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Urban EducationPh.D.
The reconfiguration of public education around free-market aims means each charter school must define its product, and its product features, around marketability - specifically their school's pedagogical practices, aims, and goals. Yet how these are defined may not align with how teachers perceive of the aims and goals of teaching. This in turn impacts how individual teachers make meaning of their roles within a school culture, and how they talk about what the purposes and practices of teaching are for them. This descriptive phenomenological study explores how one group of teachers at an urban charter school react to phenomena (including how the various product features of their school are presented) and how they make meaning of the prominent concepts in contemporary school reform, including teacher autonomy, accountability, failure, choice, and equity. This study also examines how, and how broadly, these perceptions are shared among these teachers, and how these concepts are internalized by them. One key finding from this study was agreement among these teachers around the idea of equity, as each of the study participants defined equity in the same way. This research contributes to the literature on the evolving process of teacher professional identity development in urban charter schools, and also has implications for research on teacher retention and training.
Temple University--Theses
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Ntelela, Rashid Friday. "Assessment of the impact of service charters on service delivery in Malawi: a case of Southern Region Water Board". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/549.
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Malawi is divided into three regions, namely: Southern, Central and Northern regions. Each Region has an independent Water Board owned by Government to supply it with portable water. The Constitution of the Republic of Malawi 1994, Chapter 3, Section 13 recognizes public trust and good governance as some of the fundamental principles of National Policy and thereby promised to introduce measures which will guarantee accountability, transparency, personal integrity and financial probity and which by virtue of their effectiveness will strengthen confidence in public institutions. In order to improve service delivery and fulfill the stated constitutional imperatives, the Malawi Government issued the following statement in 2008, one of our cardinal agenda is reform aimed at changing the way things are done in the public service so that it becomes more efficient and responsive to the needs of all Malawians. As a Government we realize that no matter how brilliant plans and development agenda can be, they will be frustrated unless major reforms are initiated and implemented to facilitate required changes to support the development process. Major changes are necessary in values, beliefs, norms, attitudes and mindsets to help create an enabling environment for the effective management of reforms across the public service. We need to move away from the business as usual type of attitude and fully account for time that we are paid for from public funds if we are to join the prosperous nations (National Framework for Public Sector Management Reform, June, 2008).
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Snook, Benjamin John. "A study in the literary dimensions of Anglo-Saxon charters from the seventh century to the reign of Edgar". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252165.
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Breit, Rhonda, i n/a. "Journalism, Ethics and Accountability: Evaluating the Virtues of Self-Regulation". Griffith University. School of Arts, Media and Culture, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040628.102346.
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This dissertation questions whether the current system of journalistic self-regulation in Australia can give effect to ethical journalism given the conceptual paradigms that have informed its understanding of journalism and journalism ethics. It argues the ideological focus of journalistic self-regulation has constrained the current system's ability to encourage ethical journalism. By taking a grounded theory approach to developing an alternative theory of journalism, this study attempts to fill a void in the reform of journalistic self-regulation in Australia by first highlighting the shortfall in recent reviews. It then argues reform must address the ideological focus of the journalism industry. This means looking at the ideologies espoused in the industry codes. It also means looking at the ideologies that frame how values reflected in the codes are interpreted. In summary, my aim in this dissertation is to articulate a praxis-driven theory of journalism by which to examine the suitability of the Australian self-regulatory environment to give effect to ethical journalism. This will be done by: mapping the current system of journalistic self-regulation; distilling the ideological foci of contemporary interpretations of journalism and journalism ethics; postulating an alternative theory of journalism as practice; evaluating the current system of self-regulation in light of the theory of journalism as practice; and recommending an alternative model of self-regulation that takes account of the theory of journalism as practice. The grounded theory approach to this study involves a textual analysis of a representative sample of self-regulatory codes to identify deficiencies in the way philosophical understandings of identity and ethics have been applied to journalism. By highlighting the gaps in the conceptual paradigm that frames the current theories of journalism and journalism ethics, I offer insights into key problems facing industry self-regulation. Given its grounding in substantive data analysis, the theory developed in this study is able to offer significant insights into ways of improving journalistic self-regulation to encourage ethical journalism. By categorising the self-regulatory codes according to ideology, I aim to explain how core journalistic values can be marginalized. Thus, this study aims to reveal problems with the way in which journalism self-regulation has been conceptualised and operationalised. In this way, it uses the tools of meta-ethics and normative ethics to analyse an ethical problem. Thus the grounded theory emerging from this study falls into the conceptual category of applied ethics. This approach offers a flexible methodology that allows the development of an emergent theory based on raw data derived from the various codes that operate within the journalistic self-regulatory environment. The research problem starts broadly, looking at the ability of the current system of journalistic self-regulation to encourage ethical journalism. The focus of the study is on organizational ideology and conceptions of journalism, rather than individual values of journalists. Through a process of constant comparison I will focus the research problem, constructing a theoretical framework to evaluate whether the current system of journalistic self-regulation can encourage ethical journalism. To achieve these objectives, the study will canvass both process (the ability of self-regulation to give effect to ethical journalism) and action (building a theoretical framework for conceptualising reform). A grounded theory approach offers a way of categorising conceptions of journalism and self-regulation allowing me to develop an alternative theory of journalism that promotes a holistic approach to journalism ethics. This study does not purport to offer final solutions to the ethical problems within Australian journalism. It does, however, aim to present an alternative pathway towards reform of journalistic self-regulation in Australia that focuses on encouraging ethical journalism and expanding the theoretical paradigms that shape current approaches to ethics.
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Breit, Rhonda. "Journalism, Ethics and Accountability: Evaluating the Virtues of Self-Regulation". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365180.
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This dissertation questions whether the current system of journalistic self-regulation in Australia can give effect to ethical journalism given the conceptual paradigms that have informed its understanding of journalism and journalism ethics. It argues the ideological focus of journalistic self-regulation has constrained the current system's ability to encourage ethical journalism. By taking a grounded theory approach to developing an alternative theory of journalism, this study attempts to fill a void in the reform of journalistic self-regulation in Australia by first highlighting the shortfall in recent reviews. It then argues reform must address the ideological focus of the journalism industry. This means looking at the ideologies espoused in the industry codes. It also means looking at the ideologies that frame how values reflected in the codes are interpreted. In summary, my aim in this dissertation is to articulate a praxis-driven theory of journalism by which to examine the suitability of the Australian self-regulatory environment to give effect to ethical journalism. This will be done by: mapping the current system of journalistic self-regulation; distilling the ideological foci of contemporary interpretations of journalism and journalism ethics; postulating an alternative theory of journalism as practice; evaluating the current system of self-regulation in light of the theory of journalism as practice; and recommending an alternative model of self-regulation that takes account of the theory of journalism as practice. The grounded theory approach to this study involves a textual analysis of a representative sample of self-regulatory codes to identify deficiencies in the way philosophical understandings of identity and ethics have been applied to journalism. By highlighting the gaps in the conceptual paradigm that frames the current theories of journalism and journalism ethics, I offer insights into key problems facing industry self-regulation. Given its grounding in substantive data analysis, the theory developed in this study is able to offer significant insights into ways of improving journalistic self-regulation to encourage ethical journalism. By categorising the self-regulatory codes according to ideology, I aim to explain how core journalistic values can be marginalized. Thus, this study aims to reveal problems with the way in which journalism self-regulation has been conceptualised and operationalised. In this way, it uses the tools of meta-ethics and normative ethics to analyse an ethical problem. Thus the grounded theory emerging from this study falls into the conceptual category of applied ethics. This approach offers a flexible methodology that allows the development of an emergent theory based on raw data derived from the various codes that operate within the journalistic self-regulatory environment. The research problem starts broadly, looking at the ability of the current system of journalistic self-regulation to encourage ethical journalism. The focus of the study is on organizational ideology and conceptions of journalism, rather than individual values of journalists. Through a process of constant comparison I will focus the research problem, constructing a theoretical framework to evaluate whether the current system of journalistic self-regulation can encourage ethical journalism. To achieve these objectives, the study will canvass both process (the ability of self-regulation to give effect to ethical journalism) and action (building a theoretical framework for conceptualising reform). A grounded theory approach offers a way of categorising conceptions of journalism and self-regulation allowing me to develop an alternative theory of journalism that promotes a holistic approach to journalism ethics. This study does not purport to offer final solutions to the ethical problems within Australian journalism. It does, however, aim to present an alternative pathway towards reform of journalistic self-regulation in Australia that focuses on encouraging ethical journalism and expanding the theoretical paradigms that shape current approaches to ethics.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Arts, Media and Culture
Full Text
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Berenbeim, Jessica. "Art of Documentation: The Sherborne Missal and the Role of Documents in English Medieval Art". Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10082.
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This dissertation considers an unfamiliar but fundamental aspect of late-medieval art: the role of documentation. Documents played as critical a part in that society as they do in our own. In late-medieval consciousness, the charter loomed as large as the sacred image, and documentation mattered no less than devotion—while the two also had a profound and inextricable connection. Discussion begins with three principal arguments, explained in detail in the first chapter: 1. The materials of documentation are part of the history of art; and accordingly, art-historical methods render an important contribution to diplomatics. 2. Documents are an important subject of representation; and accordingly, works of art are important sources for the cultural reception of documentary practices. 3. Documents are an important model for representation; and, consequently, an understanding of the paradigmatic role of the document suggests an alternative dimension to the interpretation of late-medieval art. The chapters that follow pursue these arguments through the analysis of individual works of art—charters, seals, archival manuscripts, liturgical manuscripts, architecture, and sculpture. These chapters also include a study of one of the great monuments of English gothic art: the Sherborne Missal, produced c.1400 for the Benedictine abbey of Sherborne. Ideas of documentation constitute critical aspects both of the Missal’s subject matter and its modes of representation, and these “documentary” elements also relate closely to the larger ideological project of the Missal’s creators. As details of the manuscript’s patronage, illumination, liturgy, inscriptions, and codicology all demonstrate, its creators associated documentation with central religious ideas about devotional images and the eucharist—essentially, the nature of valid representation and effective action. In keeping with the regional and institutional context of this principal study, the other objects discussed come primarily from English religious institutions. That context, however, by no means implies that the importance of documentation is limited either to England or to the conventual sphere, although it manifests itself differently from place to place and from one estate to another. The studies in this thesis represent only one example of where its arguments might lead, and what its approach might reveal in other works of art.History of Art and Architecture
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Duque, Fabio de Souza. "Os diplomas e a governança nos reinos Anglo-Saxões: Mércia e o Wessex entre os séculos VIII e IX". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-15102018-165126/.
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A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar as interações entre os reis e as elites anglo-saxãs dos reinos da Mércia e Wessex, entre os séculos VIII e IX, sob a perspectiva da governança. Para tanto, foram perscrutados os diplomas promulgados pelos reis em favor das elites em diferentes reinados entre 716, ano de ascensão do Etelbaldo da Mércia, e 899, ano de morte do rei Alfredo, o Grande. A partir da análise dos diplomas, foi possível perceber que os reis utilizaram desses documentos como meio para obter o consenso e a aquiescência das elites de maneira a viabilizar seus reinados. Foi concluído que uma maior promulgação de diplomas não se configura uma crise de governabilidade, pelo contrário, o número de diplomas concentrados em reinados considerados fortes foi justamente o que possibilitou aos reis evitar conflitos e dissenções em seus reinos.The aims of this research was analyze the interactions among Anglo-Saxons kings and elites in the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex in the 8th-9th centuries, from the perspective of governance. For that, the royal diplomas promulgated in favor of elites on the different reings between the years of 716, year of ascension of king Ethelbald of Mércia, and 899, year of death of king Alfred the Great was scrutinized. Through the analysis of the diplomas, it was possible to observe that the kings used these documents to build up consensus and compliance of the elites to enable their reigns. It was concluded that greater enactment of diplomas does not constitute a crisis of governability; on the contrary, the number of diplomas concentrated in reigns considered strong is precisely what enabled the kings to avoid conflicts and dissentions in their kingdoms.
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Dyer, Andrew. "Can Charters of Rights Limit Penal Populism? Irreducible Life Sentences, Disproportionate Sentences and Preventive Detention in Australia and under the Human Rights Act 1998 (UK) & the European Convention on Human Rights". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24593.
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In this thesis, I argue that human rights charters can improve protections for criminal offenders against penal populist laws that objectify and exclude them. In cases where such laws have been challenged on separation of powers or other grounds in Australia, the Courts have frequently used highly formalistic and unpersuasive reasoning when declining to intervene. On the other hand, in cases where prisoners have alleged that were being punished incompatibly with the European Convention on Human Rights, the UK judges and the judges of the European Court of Human Rights (‘ECtHR’) – particularly the latter – have adopted a more assertive approach. In so doing, they have interpreted Convention rights as they should: they have sought to place liberal constraints on democratic action, while also being careful not to move too far ahead of the popular will. However, recent charter overrides in the Australian State of Victoria – and Westminster’s hostility to the ECtHR’s decisions in the prisoner voting case of Hirst (No 2) v United Kingdom [2005] IX Eur Court HR and the irreducible life sentence case of Vinter v United Kingdom [2013] III Eur Court HR 317 – do show that ‘weak-form’ charters will not necessarily grant prisoners all of the benefits that the judiciary would confer on them. Nor would ‘strong-form’ charters certainly do a better job. This does not make human rights charters futile. It simply means that, while such charters can improve the position of prisoners, the extent to which they will do so depends on all the circumstances – including charter design and the political culture in the relevant jurisdiction.
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Blomqvist, Carl Oliver. "Flerspråkighet eller språkförbistring? : Finska segment i svenska medeltidsbrev 1350–1526". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-316613.
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This thesis examines fragmentary Finnish in Late Old Swedish charters (c. 1350–1526) issued in the Finnish part of the Swedish realm, the diocese of Åbo. Consisting mostly of proper names, albeit occasionally displaying Finnish inflectional and derivational morphology, these fragments have previously not generally been regarded as representing actual written Finnish, but rather as onomastic loans or transcriptions of oral language by more or less monolingual Swedish scribes. This thesis attempts a description and analysis of the Swedish–Finnish language mixture, to see to what extent the embedding of Finnish segments in these Swedish-language charters can be said to reflect scribal proficiency in Finnish or a lack thereof. The thesis relies on theoretical and empirical findings in the fields of code-switching and historical sociolinguistics. To provide a socio-historical context for the linguistic analysis, sociolinguistic conditions in medieval Finland and the textual genre of medieval charters are outlined. The bilingual segments in the data are then described and compared with models of code-switching from modern studies, to see whether their form corresponds to patterns that could be expected of more or less balanced bilinguals. The choice between Swedish and Finnish linguistic variants is also considered in the light of textual and sociolinguistic factors, and a study is made of Finnish grammatical transfer in the scribal Swedish of medieval Finland. Although the scarcity of the medieval data does not allow definite conclusions, the tentative results reveal a language mixture that is mainly well formed, though limited in scope and with some instances of scribal errors that could be due to a lack of proficiency in Finnish. On the other hand, the insertion of Finnish segments shows a stylistic patterning that suggests a linguistic awareness on the part of the scribes, and the choice of Swedish prepositions in certain constructions differs quantitatively from the norm in non-Finnish parts of medieval Sweden, in a way that can partly be attributed to the influence of Finnish locative case semantics. While it is apparent that proficiency levels in Finnish must have varied somewhat among medieval scribes in Finland, the results point to a more or less bilingual proficiency, or at least extensive passive knowledge of Finnish.
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Gallon, Florian. "Moines aux extrémités de la terre : fonctions et représentations du monachisme dans la péninsule ibérique du haut moyen âge ( VIIIe - XIe siècle)". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30047.
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Cette étude vise à analyser la place occupée par les moines et les monastères, d’un double point de vue pratique et idéologique, dans la société hispanique du haut Moyen Âge, à l’exclusion de la Catalogne et d’al-Andalus. Les fonctions remplies par les monastères sont, pour une part, traditionnelles et conformes à celles qu’ils exercent à la même époque dans d’autres régions de l’Occident chrétien. Le développement du monachisme – c’est-à-dire la fondation de monastères, leur enrichissement par donation et leur capacité à se nourrir de nouvelles recrues – s’explique par la croyance en la doctrine du salut, qui incite chacun à œuvrer pour sa rédemption et celle de ses proches. Mais la profusion de monastères dans la chrétienté péninsulaire tient aussi à d’autres facteurs : stratégies économiques, politiques et mémorielles des élites ; capacité de communautés rurales solidaires à faire émaner d’elles-mêmes de modestes établissements monastiques ; progression des royaumes septentrionaux aux dépens d’al-Andalus. La prolifération des monastères est favorisée par la souplesse des cadres normatifs dans lesquels ils s’intègrent ; il en résulte une grande adaptabilité de forme et de contenu, si bien que les monasteria les plus modestes se distinguent mal de simples églises rurales, l’une de leurs fonctions essentielles étant de servir aux nécessités du culte. Les grands monastères contribuent également à l’encadrement socio-pastoral par l’emprise qu’ils exercent sur les fonctions épiscopales, par la célébration de cérémonies liturgiques ouvertes aux laïcs, par le contrôle d’églises rurales, par la réception d’immunités qui les placent à la tête de véritables seigneuries. La situation frontalière qui caractérise la péninsule Ibérique du haut Moyen Âge confère aux monastères une couleur spécifique. Victimes des assauts musulmans, ils s’engagent en retour dans la défense des territoires chrétiens. Une partie de leurs fonctions habituelles se trouve réorientée, dans un tel contexte, en des applications particulières dont témoignent l’attention au sort des captifs ou le développement, à la fin du XIe siècle, d’une liturgie belliqueuse. Les fonctions sociales remplies par les monastères et le prestige attaché au genre de vie monastique justifient que les moines occupent, en pratique, une position centrale dans le fonctionnement de la société. Celle-ci n’apparaît pourtant pas telle qu’elle laisse émerger, dans les discours, l’idée promue à la même époque par les grands monastères du nord des Pyrénées selon laquelle les moines formeraient l’élite d’une société chrétienne hiérarchisée en fonction d’un critère de pureté, et pourraient prétendre, à ce titre, occuper le sommet de l’ordre du monde. Ancré dans une tradition wisigothique qui participe à expliquer une durable imperméabilité aux courants monastiques ultra-pyrénéens, le monachisme hispanique connaît à la fin du XIe siècle un processus de normalisation qui le fait entrer dans une nouvelle phase de son histoireThis study aims to analyse, from a double practical and ideological point of view, the place of monks and monasteries in the early medieval hispanic society, apart from Catalonia and al-Andalus. The functions of monasteries were in part traditional and in keeping with the ones they fulfilled elsewhere in the christian West. The rise of monasticism – that is, the foundation of monasteries, their increase in wealth trough donations, their ability to feed themselves with new recruits – may be explained by the belief in the doctrine of salvation, which incited every one to strive for his own redemption and that of his relatives. However, the abundance of monasteries in the peninsular christendom also depended on other factors : economic, political and memorial strategies of the elite ; ability of rural communities to make appear from themselves small monasteries ; expansion of the northern realms at the expense of al-Andalus. The proliferation of monasteries was boosted by the fluidness of the normative framework in which they took place and which favoured a wide range of formal adaptation, in such a way that many modest monasteria were not easy to distinguish from simple rural churches – one of their essential functions being to serve as places of worship. The big monasteries also took part in the social control and pastoral care, thanks to the hold on the episcopal functions, celebration of liturgical ceremonies opened to lay people, ownership of rural churches and privileges of immunity that put them at the head of authentic seigniories. The border situation of the early medieval Iberian Peninsula gave to monasteries a peculiar tone. As well as they suffered from the muslim assaults, they took part in the defence of the christian territories. In such a context, part of their usual functions were redirected to specific applications, of which the attention to the lot of prisoners or the development of a bellicist liturgy at the end of the 11th century are good examples. The social functions assumed by monasteries and the prestige of the monastic way of life explain that the monks, in practical terms, held a central position in the running of society. However, this role was not enough to make emerge, in discursive terms, the idea – promoted at the same time by some big monasteries north of the Pyrenees – that the monks were the elite of a christian society hierarchically organized by a criterion of purity and claimed, for that very reason, to be at the top of the social order. The visigothic tradition in which hispanic monasticism was rooted may partly explain that it remained for long impervious to the ultra-pyrenean monastic trends. At the end of the 11th century, a process of normalization drove the iberian monasteries into a new phasis of their history
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Eazell, Diane Patricia. "Justification for a credit union to charter a bank". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1642.
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Barrett, Graham David. "The written and the world in early medieval Iberia". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:55845223-42de-49d0-b407-b25c88f367eb.
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The written was the world of early medieval Iberia. Literacy was limited, but textuality was extensive, in the authority conferred on text and the arrangements made to use it. Roman inheritance is manifest, in documentary and legal culture, engendering literate expectations which define the period; continuity across conquest by Visigoths and Arabs, and the weakness of states in the north of the Peninsula, must lay to rest the traditional coupling of literacy with politics which underlies the paradigm of the Middle Ages. Between the eighth and eleventh centuries, as estates expanded to surmount locality and enter communities which had made do with memory, engagement with documentation was incentivized for the laity. Organization to do so followed, at one remove: the person of the scribe, who wrote the charter and recorded all those involved in and present at it, before recycling the text back into the community by public reading. The scribe mediated the text, and as his occupation consolidated he became more fully a literate interpreter. The charter, once created, had an active afterlife of dynamic circulation, enabled by multiple and accessible archives, particularly in the hands of the clergy. Written evidence was the surest defence in case of dispute; charters were self-promoting in their mutual citation as well as practical efficacy. But they also diffused legal knowledge: as each rhetorical, pragmatic, silent, and legislative reference to written law was read aloud by the scribe, how to capitalize on its provisions became better known, so kings and counts seized the potential. For the clergy, the Bible, canon law, and monastic rules were the texts which bestowed identity, but as they interacted with the laity, they set the charter in the history of salvation, and modelled textuality to society, as their monasteries became the microcosms of its written framework.
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Reuter, Wolfgang. "Urkundenbuch mit Regesten bedeutender Akten der Stadt Geithain und ihrer Umgebung". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-147524.
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Dieses Buch verdankt sein Entstehen zwei Gründen. Zunächst
ist es die Absicht, die an versteckter Stelle befindlichen Urkunden und
Aktenabschriften des historischen Pfarrarchivs St. Nikolai der Fachwelt zugänglich zu machen. Außerdem möge diese Urkundensammlung dazu beitragen, die überregionale Bedeutung der Stadt Geithain weiter aufzuhellen und ihren Platz in der Landesgeschichte zu festigen. Insofern richtet sich das Buch sowohl an den interessierten Historiker als auch an den gebildeten Laien. Es enthält eine Fülle von Ereignissen zur Stadt- und Landesgeschichte der Mark Meißen bzw. des Herzogtums Sachsen vom 12. bis zur Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts, die in der Mehrzahl bisher noch nicht im Druck vorliegen.
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Nencini, Alessio. "Nazione e narrative. La costruzione sociale dell'identità nazionale attraverso l'analisi di testi letterari in prospettiva storica". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425146.
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The relation between individuals and nation has been object of debate of different disciplines for a long time. In social psychology, national identity is often studied focussing on identification processes in relation with the category "nation". The meaning of the category is still a matter of discussion. In particular, following a narrative approach to social inquiry (Bruner, 1986, 1990), a greater attention to the temporal aspects involved in the construction of identity, as well as a more punctual consideration of the specific contexts into which individuals represent their membership, is proposed. As a consequence, national identity is considered a heterogeneous and negotiable construct. Furthermore, according to Breakwell (1986, 1992), what is commonly called "national identity" is not separated from other relevant levels of territorial memberships (local, regional, supranational...): whenever people refer to a specific territorial level, they organize their identity on the basis of peculiar contents and dimensions. Therefore, the relations among different levels are plastic, organized on functional aims and motivations (Deaux, 2000), but they keep trace of the different historical and cultural contexts (Reicher & Hopkins, 2001; Bellelli, Bakhurst e Rosa, 2000). Moreover, these levels are not disconnected one from the other: a wider territorial identity, as the national one, will contain shared elements deriving from more local levels.
The present work aims to investigate the way in which national identity is represented through a narrative and historical perspective. To this purpose, successful and relevantly socio-historical literary novels were used: literary works can be considered as cultural shared archives that contain and relaunch functional patterns of common living (Lá¡szló, et. al., 2003). Novels are means for transmitting important elements for the past of a group (Halbwachs, 1968; Assmann, 1992), not only through narratives of relevant historical events, but also through the diffusion of relational models, functional explicative forms and everyday practices.
More specifically, the aim is to search for common and divergent elements in the historical evolution of different levels of national identity, with particular attention to the macro-contexts "North" and "South" of Italy. Novels written and set in different periods of national history (the Thirties-Forties, the Sixties and the Nineties) were content analysed to find out representations of relevant social "realities", looking at a) the way in which different levels of territorial identity are constructed and negotiated; b) the structure of social relations and the evaluations used by the characters; c) the main themes on which characters define their territorial identity.
Results show that the evolution of the representation of identity at the national level appears substantially shared and coherent in its core elements, although with some differences: in the past, local identity is much more salient and its representation is characterised mainly by differentiation and isolation; in the Nineties a global and supranational representation can be observed. Moreover, the two contexts show different relational patterns: in southern Italy, the relational network is thick and the public dimension prevails on the individual one; on the contrary, in northern Italy a more individualist organization of relationships can observed: individuals are more oriented to self-enhancement rather than to the welfare of the community.
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Lécuyer, Paul-Henri. "Pratiques et usages de l’écrit diplomatique à l’abbaye Saint-Florent de Saumur (ca. 950-1203)". Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0033/document.
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Le sujet de cette thèse est l’étude des pratiques et usages de l’écrit diplomatique des moines de l’abbaye Saint-Florent de Saumur, de 950 environ – date à laquelle les religieux ont été installés à Saumur par le comte de Blois Thibaud le Tricheur – à l’année 1203, qui correspond à la fin de l’abbatiat de Mainier, un des derniers grands abbés florentins.Par un examen approfondi du très riche fonds d’archives diplomatiques de l’abbaye saumuroise, nous avons souhaité dégager les traits caractéristiques de celui-ci, tant du point de vue de la forme que du contenu des actes, appréhender la manière avec laquelle les religieux géraient ces flux documentaires,notamment au travers des différents modes de tradition tels que les copies sur parchemin, les pancartes,les rouleaux et les cartulaires et, surtout, analyser les implications de l’acte d’écrire à Saint-Florent, en tenant compte des mutations à l’oeuvre aux cours des Xe, XIe et XIIe siècles, et évaluer la place tenue par l’écrit dans le fonctionnement « quotidien » de l’institution, dans l’affermissement de son pouvoir temporel,mais aussi dans le processus de construction et d’affermissement de son identitéThe subject of this thesis is to study the practices and uses of the monks of the abbey of Saint-Florent de Saumur, particularly focusing on their diplomatic writings between 950 – approximate date on which the monks were allowed to settle in Saumur by Thibaud le Tricheur, Count of Blois – and the year 1203 which marks the end of Mainier’s office, one of the last great abbots of Saint-Florent. Through an in-depth examination of the extensive diplomatic archival fonds of the abbey of Saumur, this thesis aims at identifying the characteristic features of said fonds, both in terms of form and content. It intends to provide a better understanding of the manner in which the monks used to handle the documentation flows using traditional methods such as copies on parchment, pancartes, rolls, and cartularies ; analyse the implications of the act of writing in Saint-Florent while taking into consideration the various changes that occurred throughout the 10th, 11th, and 12th centuries; and evaluate the importance of writing in the « daily » operations of the abbey, along with the role it played in the consolidation of the institution’s temporal power, as well as in the building and strengthening of its identity
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Davis, Andrew Fisher. "The Priory of Higham in Kent : context, history and charters, from foundation to dissolution, with particular reference to the documents relating to the priory in the archive of St.John's College, Cambridge". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596069.
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Gebre-Meskel, Haddis. "A survey of representative land charters of the Ethiopian Empire (1314-1868) and related marginal notes in manuscripts in the British Library, the Royal Library and the university libraries of Cambridge and Manchester". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1992. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28456/.
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The aim of this study is to compile and analyse information about ownership, sales and disputes of land in Ethiopia between 1314 and 1868 on the basis of documents which are preserved in the marginalia of Ethiopic manuscripts in the Collections of the British Library, the Royal Library at Windsor Castle and the University Libraries of Cambridge and Manchester. While the specifically royal charters were drawn up in some cases as far back as the early fourteenth century, numerous other documents dealing with sales and disputes of land were written between 1700 and 1868. In that year, these manuscripts were looted by members of the Napier Expedition after the citadel of Emperor Tewodros II fell into their hands and were subsequently brought to the United Kingdom. While almost all the royal charters were written in Ge'ez, the rest of the documents dealing with personal bequests or gifts, sales and disputes of land were written in Amharic and thus, apart from their historical significance, they are al.so important as they illustrate the development of modern Amharic. Out of some 2,100 documents which are preserved in the marginalia of 49 manuscripts, I have here selected 274 and it is hoped that they will serve as a representative documentation of the land tenure system and administration of land of the country for more than half a millennium. The number of documents dealt with in this thesis thus exceeds the number of those described by Conti Rossini, who translated some 100 other land charters and related notes compiled from the marginalia of Ethiopian manuscripts in the Bodleian Library at Oxford and in the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris. The documents reproduced in this thesis are put in chronological order and an effort has been made to find the equivalent European dating whenever the documents fail to supply a precise date. The documents are also translated and annotated and are classified into five sections, namely: Church Lands, Private Lands, Crown Lands, Land Sales and Land Disputes. Copies of the transcripts of the original Amharic and Ge'ez documents are also included together with glossaries of titles and terms. As far as the locations of the lands referred to in the documents (i.e., personal land bequests or gifts, sales and disputes of land) are concerned, the city of Gondar and the regions around it are largely covered, while additional references to land grants to the sovereigns themselves and to members of the royal family, churches and individuals are also available for other areas of the country. The main findings of this study are that income from land, or more accurately a land tax, was used as a means to compel submission and obligation. The allocation or distribution of such an income to the Church and notable individuals was finely balanced and kept in equilibrium by the members of the Solomonic dynasty who ruled Ethiopia between the years 1314 and 1769. In the subsequent years, however, the country entered into the so called Era of the Princes (1769-1855), where local nobles succeeded in fragmenting the central power, so, in the absence of absolute power, the weak sovereigns were forced to grant ever more land to influential individuals rather than to the Church.
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Leclercq, Eveline. "L'élaboration des chartes médiévales : l'exemple des évêchés d'Arras, Cambrai et Liège (XIe-XIIe siècles)". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAG019.
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Depuis longtemps déjà, l'élaboration des chartes a intéressé les médiévistes. Les questions de l'écriture, de la rédaction et finalement de l'identité des personnes impliquées dans la production de ces textes ont ainsi mené à une myriade de méthodes et à des questions de recherche particulières. Cette thèse explore la méthodologie disponible pour les diplomatistes, et ceci par l'étude des chartes épiscopales des diocèses de Liège, d'Arras et de Cambrai- type de charte qui mérite certainement une plus grande attention. Surtout le développement des méthodes numériques a fait l'objet de l'attention, en particulier par le test du logiciel GIWIS et par l'usage de techniques du domaine de la stylométrie, sans perdre de vue les méthodes manuelles. Enfin, cette étude concerne l'analyse des noms présents dans ces actes, afin de tenter d'identifier les personnes actives dans leur élaborationThe production process of charters has often demanded the attention of medievalists in the past. Questions related to the writing, the composing and eventually the identity of the individuals who produced these texts have led to a myriad of methods. This research explores the available methodology for diplomatists, via the analysis of the episcopal charters coming from the dioceses of Liège, Arras and Cambrai - a type of charter deserving of more attention. The development of digital techniques, in particular, have been considered and tested, specifically the computer programme GIWIS and procedures used in the field of stylometry, without losing touch with the analogue methods. Finally, this dissertation takes the study of the names present in our charters in consideration, in an attempt at identifying the individuals who were active in the production of these episcopal charters
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Pereira, Luciene Maria Pires [UNESP]. "As sesmarias em Portugal e no Brasil: a colonização do Brasil analisada por meio das cartas de doação e dos forais". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93363.
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Tendo em mente o debate historiográfico acerca da questão agrária brasileira, ainda que com um conhecimento superficial acerca do mesmo, e acompanhando as discussões atuais acerca do problema da terra em nosso país, sentimos a necessidade de nos aprofundar no entendimento da questão, buscando melhor compreender a organização e evolução da propriedade fundiária em nosso território. Por essa razão, escolhemos como objeto de estudo para nossa pesquisa um tema que se inserisse no contexto do período colonial brasileiro, mais precisamente no início do processo de colonização destas terras, e que, ao mesmo tempo, fosse capaz de nos mostrar o cerne da questão da formação da propriedade no Brasil. Dessa maneira, repousamos nosso olhar para a instituição do sistema de sesmarias no território brasileiro, sistema ao qual alguns estudiosos atribuem a responsabilidade pela criação de grandes propriedades fundiárias no Brasil e a conseqüente desigualdade social que assolava o país no século XX. Nosso objetivo nesse trabalho é analisar a implantação do sistema de sesmarias no início do período colonial, enxergando esse sistema como um modelo político administrativo que criou as bases para a organização de uma nova sociedade. Para tanto, usaremos como fontes as Cartas e Forais de doação das Capitanias Hereditárias no Brasil, pois entendemos que estes documentos nos permitem compreender o mecanismo de funcionamento desse modelo de administração e economia, além de nos permitir entender a mentalidade dos homens daquele período. Nesse sentido, acreditamos que documentos como as Cartas de Doação de terras e os Forais que legitimavam essas doações no período colonial brasileiro apresentam-se como fontes valiosas para alcançarmos nossos objetivos
Mindful of the historiographical debate about the Brazilian agrarian question, though with a superficial knowledge about it, and following the current discussions about the land problem in our country, we feel the necessity to deepen the understanding of the issue, seeking to better understand the organization and evolution of land ownership in our territory. For this reason, we chose as the object of our research to study a subject that is within the context of the Brazilian colonial period, more precisely early in the process of colonization of these lands, and that the same time, were able to show us the real issue of the formation of property in Brazil. Thus, we rest our eyes to the institution of the system of allotments in the Brazilian territory, a system to which some scholars attribute the responsibility for the creation of large land holdings in Brazil and the resulting social inequality that has plagued the country in the twentieth century. Our goal in this paper is to analyze the implementation of the system of land grants in the early colonial period, seeing this as a model system that created the political and administrative bases for organizing a new society. To this end, we will use as sources of the Letters and Charters of donation of the Hereditary in Brazil, because we understand that these documents allow us to understand the mechanism of functioning of this model of administration and economy, and enable us to understand the mentality of the men of that period. We therefore believe that documents such as letters of donation of land and the Charters that legitimized these donations during the colonial period are presented as valuable resources to achieve our goals
47
Carlström, Alice. "En jämförande studie mellan olika JavaScriptbibliotek för visualisering : Prestandamätning av JavaScriptbibliotek för statistiska grafer och diagram". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15491.
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Visualisering av statistik är ett tydligt sätt att presentera data som annars kan ses som svår att tyda och analysera. Med hjälp av visualiseringar på webben kan man nå ut till många och det är ett smidigt sätt att ta med sig och dela med sig av information. Denna rapport bygger på ett experiment där olika JavaScriptbibliotek jämförs baserat på tiden det tar att rita ut diagram av olika storlekar och typer. Linjediagram, punktdiagram och stapeldiagram skapas med de olika biblioteken. Vilka bibliotek som jämförs väljs ut utifrån ett antal kriterier och Chart.js, Google Charts och Plotly.js är de som uppfyller alla krav. Undersökningar där utritningstiden mäts genomförs och resultaten visar att Chart.js är snabbast på att rita ut diagram i de flesta mätningarna. Det finns signifikanta skillnader mellan alla diagrammätningar förutom mellan Linjediagram 2 skapat med Chart.js och Linjediagram 2 skapat med Plotly.js samt Plotly.js Stapeldiagram 1 och Plotly.js Stapeldiagram 5. Mätningarna visar också att diagram som baseras på större datamängd, i de flesta fall, också har längre utritningstid än diagram baserade på mindre datamängd.
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Pereira, Luciene Maria Pires. "As sesmarias em Portugal e no Brasil : a colonização do Brasil analisada por meio das cartas de doação e dos forais /". Assis : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93363.
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Orientador: Claudinei Magno Magre MendesBanca: Sezinando Luiz Menezes
Banca: Jose Carlos Barreiro
Resumo: Tendo em mente o debate historiográfico acerca da questão agrária brasileira, ainda que com um conhecimento superficial acerca do mesmo, e acompanhando as discussões atuais acerca do problema da terra em nosso país, sentimos a necessidade de nos aprofundar no entendimento da questão, buscando melhor compreender a organização e evolução da propriedade fundiária em nosso território. Por essa razão, escolhemos como objeto de estudo para nossa pesquisa um tema que se inserisse no contexto do período colonial brasileiro, mais precisamente no início do processo de colonização destas terras, e que, ao mesmo tempo, fosse capaz de nos mostrar o cerne da questão da formação da propriedade no Brasil. Dessa maneira, repousamos nosso olhar para a instituição do sistema de sesmarias no território brasileiro, sistema ao qual alguns estudiosos atribuem a responsabilidade pela criação de grandes propriedades fundiárias no Brasil e a conseqüente desigualdade social que assolava o país no século XX. Nosso objetivo nesse trabalho é analisar a implantação do sistema de sesmarias no início do período colonial, enxergando esse sistema como um modelo político administrativo que criou as bases para a organização de uma nova sociedade. Para tanto, usaremos como fontes as Cartas e Forais de doação das Capitanias Hereditárias no Brasil, pois entendemos que estes documentos nos permitem compreender o mecanismo de funcionamento desse modelo de administração e economia, além de nos permitir entender a mentalidade dos homens daquele período. Nesse sentido, acreditamos que documentos como as Cartas de Doação de terras e os Forais que legitimavam essas doações no período colonial brasileiro apresentam-se como fontes valiosas para alcançarmos nossos objetivos
Abstract: Mindful of the historiographical debate about the Brazilian agrarian question, though with a superficial knowledge about it, and following the current discussions about the land problem in our country, we feel the necessity to deepen the understanding of the issue, seeking to better understand the organization and evolution of land ownership in our territory. For this reason, we chose as the object of our research to study a subject that is within the context of the Brazilian colonial period, more precisely early in the process of colonization of these lands, and that the same time, were able to show us the real issue of the formation of property in Brazil. Thus, we rest our eyes to the institution of the system of allotments in the Brazilian territory, a system to which some scholars attribute the responsibility for the creation of large land holdings in Brazil and the resulting social inequality that has plagued the country in the twentieth century. Our goal in this paper is to analyze the implementation of the system of land grants in the early colonial period, seeing this as a model system that created the political and administrative bases for organizing a new society. To this end, we will use as sources of the Letters and Charters of donation of the Hereditary in Brazil, because we understand that these documents allow us to understand the mechanism of functioning of this model of administration and economy, and enable us to understand the mentality of the men of that period. We therefore believe that documents such as letters of donation of land and the Charters that legitimized these donations during the colonial period are presented as valuable resources to achieve our goals
Mestre
49
Ndengutse, Pie. "Contribution à une étude de l'institutionnalisation de la gouvernance des organisations: approche par une analyse de la perception du discours". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209531.
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Comme le titre l’indique, cette recherche contribue à une étude de l’institutionnalisation de la gouvernance des organisations, celles-ci pouvant être perçues comme des institutions ou des entreprises. Deux parties sont développées au cours de cette étude :une partie qui explore les concepts, les notions, les théories et les méthodes ;une deuxième qui concerne différentes études empiriques au travers d’une analyse de contenu, d’analyses factorielles, typologiques et binaires classiques.Dans la première partie, le premier chapitre est consacré, après une introduction particulièrement réservée à la définition du concept d’institutionnalisation, à la description de ce que l’on entend par « organisation ». Le deuxième chapitre rassemble une bibliographie sur le concept de pouvoir ;tandis que le troisième interroge les finalités des organisations (et du pouvoir de celles-ci). Le quatrième chapitre, qui présente un statut particulier, explore la littérature sur le concept de gouvernance (des organisations). C’est au cours de ce chapitre que l’on analyse la relation qui existe entre les notions de pouvoir et de gouvernance. Le cinquième et dernier chapitre de cette première partie est consacré à la méthodologie. Il constitue un trait d’union entre la première partie dite théorique et la deuxième partie dite empirique, dans le sens où il mobilise et décrit les méthodes et techniques d’analyse empruntées lors des différentes études menées.
Cette deuxième partie se fonde sur une analyse de la perception du discours sur la gouvernance au travers d’une analyse de contenu de certains documents (textes) de référence en matière de gouvernance (dont le discours contribue à l’institutionnalisation de la gouvernance) et des analyses statistiques à l’aide d’un questionnaire. Quatre études sont principalement menées. La première consiste en une analyse de contenu des chartes de gouvernance des entreprises du Bel 20, l’objectif étant de voir comment se structure le discours porté par ces documents :les résultats montrent qu’il existe un lien d’ancrage entre le contenu du discours de ces chartes et celui du code belge de gouvernance auquel ces entreprises déclarent adhérer. Lors de la deuxième étude, des interviews sont menées pour comprendre comment se sont déroulées la rédaction et la publication de ces documents de référence. Dans le but de vérifier s’il existe (ou non) une institutionnalisation de la gouvernance (et du discours sur celle-ci), une autre analyse de contenu des chartes et codes belges de gouvernance est réalisée (troisième étude). Elle consiste en une analyse de traces, d’indices et d’indicateurs (de cette institutionnalisation) dans deux chartes (de l’entreprise Befimmo) et deux codes belges de gouvernance (ceux de 2004 et 2009). Les résultats montrent qu’il existe une tendance d’institutionnalisation de la gouvernance et du discours sur celle-ci au travers de l’évolution des facteurs psychologiques repérés dans ces documents. Parallèlement, cette étude révèle qu’il y a institutionnalisation de ce discours par la loi (notamment les lois récentes qui règlent certaines matières relevant de la gouvernance).
Pour clore cette recherche, une quatrième étude est réalisée sur la base d’un questionnaire (analyses statistiques). Elle vise à comprendre la structuration de la perception de ce discours sur la gouvernance au sein d’une catégorie d’acteurs, à savoir les étudiants de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, futurs acteurs des organisations. Il s’agit d’une étude de cas :six cas en l’occurrence. L’objectif est de tenter de récolter des types de perceptions possibles et observer comment se structurent celles-ci. L’analyse des résultats montre in fine que le discours sur la gouvernance est davantage perçu (par une grande partie d’étudiants) comme un mode de gestion qui privilégie les mécanismes informels sous-tendant la négociation, la coopération, le dialogue… Par ailleurs, dans l’ensemble, les résultats de l’étude suggèrent l’existence d’une institutionnalisation de la gouvernance à travers le discours sur la gouvernance (lois, chartes, codes de gouvernance…) et la perception de celle-ci. Ce discours prône moins de mécanismes formels et plus de mécanismes informels ;d’où le pouvoir institutionnel sous-tendu par les premiers doit être redéfini ou réinventé. Cette institutionnalisation présente alors un impact sur le pouvoir (des organisations) ;d’où elle doit être mieux étudiée et mieux gérée afin de favoriser leur adaptation.
Summary :
As suggested by the title, this research contributes to a study of the institutionalization of the governance of organizations, institutions or enterprises. Two parts are developed :the first one explores the concepts, notions, theories and methods ;the second one concerns various studies through content analysis, factor analysis, typological analysis and classic binary analysis.
In the first part, the first chapter, after an introduction dedicated to the definition of the concept of institutionalization, is concerned with the description of what ‘organization’ meant. A second chapter contains literature about the concept of power, while the third one questions the goals or finalities of the organizations (and their power). The fourth chapter, which has a particular status, explores the literature covering the concept of governance (of organizations). We analyze in this chapter the relationship between the notions of power and governance. The fifth and last chapter of this first part is devoted to the methodology. It is a hyphen between the first part called theoretical and the second part called empirical, in the sense that it mobilizes and describes the methods and analytical techniques used in the various realized studies.
The second part is based on an analysis of the perception of discourse on governance through a content analysis of some reference’documents (texts) for governance (including the discourse that contributes to the institutionalization of governance) and a statistical analysis displaying a questionnaire. Four studies are carried out. The first one consists in a content analysis of corporate charters of the enterprises of Bel 20. The aim is to see how is structured the discourse supported by these documents. The results show an ‘anchorage’ link between the content discourse of these charters and the content discourse of belgian corporate governance to which these companies declare their allegiance. In the second study, interviews are conducted to understand how the writing and publication of these reference’documents were realized. In order to check if the institutionalization of governance (and discourse about it) exists (or not), another content analysis of charters and belgian governance codes is achieved (third study). It consists in the study of the trace, indices and indicators analysis (about this institutionalization) in two charters (company Befimmo) and two belgian governance codes (those of 2004 and 2009). The results show a tendency to institutionalize governance and discourse on it through the development of psychological factors identified in these documents. At the same time, this study reveals the institutionalization of this discourse by the law (including recent laws that regulate certain matters of governance).
To close this research, a fourth study is proposed on the basis of a questionnaire (statistical analysis). It aims to understand the structure of the perception of the discourse on governance within a category of actors, namely students at Free University of Brussels (ULB), future organizations’actors. It is takes the form of a case study :six cases. The goal of this study is to try to collect the possible perceptions and observe how they are structured. The analysis shows that ultimately the discourse on governance is more perceived (by a majority of students) as a management approach that focuses on informal mechanisms underlying the negociation, cooperation, dialogue… Moreover, in the overall, the results of this study suggest the existence of an institutionalization of governance through the discourse on governance (laws, charters, governance codes…) and the perception of it. This discourse advocates less formal and more informal mechanisms ;hence the institutional power underpined by the formal mechanisms must be redefined or reinvented. This institutionalization presents then an impact on the power of organizations ;hence it must be better investigated and managed to promote their adaptation.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Morgan, Mark. "Have recent off-hire, war risk and piracy clauses improved the position of time charterers by distributing the risk of delay caused by pirate attacks on their time chartered vessels more equitably as between owner and time charterer?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4428.
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