Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Character constructs”

This thesis is an investigation of the journeys towards a sense of identity or selfhood, achieved through honest and accurate appreciation of the lives of others, made by several female characters in the fiction of A.S. Byatt and the late Iris Murdoch. I believe that because Byatt and Murdoch value literature as a serious business that teaches as well as entertains, their writing can play a significant role in illuminating the lives of women by means of its portrayal of the resolution of women’s struggles. Women’s lives, despite the rise of feminism, are still not equitable. While many women strive to attain a balance of independence and intimacy – what Thelma Shinn calls a “meronymic” relationship – and connection within community, many do not succeed in this endeavour. The numerous challenges they face are difficult and confronting, and the stories of their efforts resemble journeys through a labyrinth or maze. Byatt acknowledges Murdoch as her literary mother, frequently citing Murdoch’s belief in the ability of literature to improve human life. While Byatt and Murdoch are interested in what characters learn about their relations to others and the world, they make it clear that characters are constructs, not real people. Yet their fiction is an ongoing exploration of the nature of reality and the nature of selfhood, particularly that of women. According to feminist theories, women are more constrained than men, and are therefore the focus of this study, but their experience of constraint is a more complex matter than experience of mere undifferentiated oppression, and is better represented by the structure of the labyrinth than that of the simple, linear journey. I agree with Byatt’s and Murdoch’s view of the importance of fiction as a means of commenting on human relationships, particularly with the notion of the need for connection within community. The labyrinth, together with the Bildungsroman, provides a paradigm for the complex experiences of Byatt’s and Murdoch’s female characters. All the characters in this study struggle to flee from restraint, seek purpose and agency in the world through interaction with others, and escape a feminised Plato’s Cave by learning to see more accurately, and all but one emerge from the maze into an autonomous and independent existence in community with others.

The corporate character value structure consists of ethical values applied in a business setting arranged in a two dimensional matrix presented here as the Corporate Character Ethical Value Matrix, or CC-EVM. The two matrix dimensions are: behavior-types defined as either (1)custodial or (2)proactive; and behavior targets (1)task, (2)consideration-specific, directed toward a specific relationship, or (3)consideration-general, directed at generalized relationships or the organization. The current research developed the matrix to define and classify the six values presented by The Character Counts Coalition’s (1993) as core “pillars” of character: trustworthiness, responsibility, respect, caring, fairness and citizenship. The theoretical background for this matrix was built from the organizational trust and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) literatures, and the business ethics literature. The study tested the uniqueness of these six constructs using items developed from established measures that were combined as one instrument with items developed based on Character Counts Coalition statements. Factor analysis of student (n=324) responses explored the existence of theorized dimensions underlying the established trust and OCB measures. Item reduction eliminated items failing to discriminate between factors, and five factors emerged. The first factor contained items from McAlister's (1995) cognitive-based trust measure and Van Dyne, Graham, and Dienesch’s (1994) obedience measure. The second and third factors contained items from Van Dyne et al.’s advocacy and loyalty measures respectively. The fourth and fifth factors expressed concern for friends and country, and contained items developed from the Character Counts Coalition. Reliable (alpha >.80) scales from the factor items allowed further testing for inferences about the scales validity using personality and demographic measures. Findings show support for the behavior-targets dimension of the CC-EVM. The first factor corresponded to the task target. The advocacy and loyalty measures corresponded to the consideration-specific and consideration-general targets. The friends and country scales failed to exhibit predicted relationships. The five measures were regressed against measures provided by an insurance agency industry sample (n=112) of organizational commitment and shared ethical values. The strongest relationship emerged between consideration-general (loyalty) and organizational commitment. No support emerged for the behavior-types dimension. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.

Within the context of potable reuse, there is a need for a more comprehensive examination of the quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in treated wastewater and the efficacy of different treatment schemes in removing or transforming DOM. In particular, there are significant information gaps regarding the character, fate, and health risks associated with effluent organic matter (EfOM). Two research goals guided this research. The first goal was to evaluate the efficacy of constructed wetlands for wastewater polishing in a hot, arid environment, from the perspective of season-dependent effects on DOM. To this end, behavior of organics was evaluated over a 22-month period during treatment in a local constructed wetlands facility. The second goal was to examine changes in character of EfOM that accompany passage through natural treatment systems (either constructed wetlands or soil aquifer treatment, SAT). This was accomplished via isolation and characterization of organics collected along flowpaths of these treatment systems. Wetland effluent concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nonbiodegradable DOC were positively correlated with temperature. That is, the highest concentrations occurred in summer and were attributed to the combined effects of evapotranspiration (ET) by wetland vegetation along with production of wetland-derived natural organic matter (NOM). There was little if any change in the hydrophobic-hydrophilic character of DOM attending wetland treatment. Biodegradation of labile EfOM combined with contribution of wetland-derived NOM resulted in modest (at best) changes in distribution of carbon moieties in hydrophobic (HPO) and hydrophilic (HPI) acid isolates. Aliphatic carbon decreased during wetland treatment. Elemental analysis suggested that microbial activity is the dominant process controlling the character of wetland-derived NOM. Reactivity of isolates in forming trihalomethanes (THMs) during chlorination increased as consequence of wetland treatment. Wetland-derived NOM was more reactive than EfOM in forming THMs. Uniform trends occurred among isolates of EfOM and wetland-derived NOM between biodegradability and THM production upon chlorination. Ultrahydrophilic EfOM was preferentially removed during vadose zone percolation of secondary effluent. The chemical character of EfOM (HPO- and HPI-acids) became more similar to NOM as a consequence of SAT. Genotoxicity of HPO-acids, on a per mass basis, increased after SAT.

Social-emotional learning (SEL) measures assessing social-emotional learning and character development across a broad array of constructs have been developed but lack construct validity. Determining the efficacy of educational interventions requires structurally valid measures which are generalizable across settings, gender, and time. Utilizing recent factor analytic methods, the present study extends validity literature for SEL measures by investigating the structural validity and generalizability of the Social-Emotional and Character Development Scale (SECDS) with a large sample of children from schools in Belize (n = 1877, ages 8 to13). The SECDS exhibited structural and generalizability evidence of construct validity when examined under exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). While a higher order confirmatory factor structure with six secondary factors provided acceptable fit, the ESEM six-factor structure provided both substantive and methodological advantages. The ESEM structural model situates the SECDS into the larger body of SEL literature while also exhibiting generalizability evidence over both gender and time.

Characterization in Pulitzer-awarded features and traditional features was measured using a characterization typology developed by the author. Although some of the results were statistically constrained by a small n, those results which were statistically significant reflect that what separates Pulitzer-winning features from regular features are those elements of characterization particular to scene: a character's distinctive physical characteristics, clothing and possessions; the setting and environment as it defines a character; a physical description of character that is not lineament nor habitual posture or expression but bodily appearance in the immediate moment; a character's movements and actions, facial expressions, words, and thoughts. In an era when the predicted demise of newspapers is more fact than fiction, the reader's experience with newspapers is paramount. Crucial to the news reading experience is the reader's enjoyment: how "I" experienced a story through empathy, parasocial interaction, and/or identification. Perhaps a solution to newspapers' loss of readership is scene: within scene, fear, anguish, exhilaration, and joy are not only the experiences of the characters, but also that of the reader's.

Traditionally, whisky is matured in casks made of oak and the aroma is greatly influenced by wood species. Currently, the predominant cask types used are those of either American or European oak. In Japan, in addition to these types of cask, a small number of Japanese oak casks have also been used. Maturation in Japanese oak is known to give unique coconut aromas. The aim of this research was to identify the unique coconut aromas imparted by Japanese oak. The sensory properties of Japanese oak whiskies were investigated in comparison with whisky matured in American and European oak casks with particular attention to lactone isomers known to have a coconut aroma. Whiskies matured in Japanese oak casks were found to develop substantially higher levels of trans-lactone relative to whiskies matured in either American or Spanish oak. This research focused on the influence of lactone isomers and found the possibility of a synergistic effect between the isomers on coconut aroma. Further investigation on the impact of heat treatment on regeneration of casks determined that colour and aromatics were generated, while lactones were not regenerated once the levels had been depleted by a period of maturation.

O objeto de estudo desta Dissertação de Mestrado é o processo de composição da personagem teatral tendo imagens da pintura como estímulo para a mobilização física e emocional do ator no momento de criação. Traz alguns conceitos e definições sobre o trabalho do ator, abordados nesta pesquisa. Propõe um breve encontro com encenadores que buscam motivações diversas em suas propostas de criação cênica e que se aproximam de alguma forma do objetivo desta. Apresenta a experiência prática sobre o processo de composição das personagens do texto “A Filha do Teatro”, de Luís Augusto Reis. Tece considerações sobre os caminhos escolhidos, sobre a repercussão da proposta na criação artística do ator e sobre encaminhamentos futuros.
The object of study of this dissertation is the process of the composition of the theatrical character having paintings as a motivation for a physical and emotional mobilization of the actor that made part of this research, in their cultivation moment. The text presents some concepts about the actor process, adressed in this research. It proposes a brief encounter with theater artists that search different motivations in their scenic developing proposals that are closer to the objective of this paper. It presents a practical experience about the character developing of the play "A filha do teatro", by Luís Augusto Reis. It evolves considerations about paths chosen and about the repercutions in the artistic creation and future referrals.

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The text brings the analysis of aspects of the literary discourse as the processes of construction of the scenes and the magical universe, in which the narratives of Marina Colasanti are realized, having as it shows the tales of the works Doze reis e a moca no labirinto do vento (2006): "The woman ramada", Uma ideia toda azul (2006): "Beyond the frame", "Between the leaves of green ó" and "Yarn after yarn". The general and specific objectives are to highlight and distinguish the encompassing and generic scenes present in the narratives, to identify the nature of the verbal sign in its relation to the nonverbal sign, and to analyze intertext resources, paratext, among others, as an artistic procedure. The narrative plans are approached, in which the characters are realized mimically, starting from the initial assumption formulated by Dominique Maingueneau. Non-verbal language is an invitation to read verbal language and vice versa. Both are associated with the signs that are constructed through the textual writing: loom and fabric. They can be seen now either explicitly or implicitly, and put in the service of a power that is realized by the act of reading. Thus, in the narrative text, there are traces of a speech in which the text is staged.
O texto traz a análise de aspectos do discurso literário como os processos de construção das cenas e o universo mágico, em que se realizam as narrativas de Marina Colasanti, tendo como mostra os contos das obras Doze reis e a moca no labirinto do vento (2006): “A mulher ramada”, Uma ideia toda azul (2006): “Além do bastidor”, “Entre as folhas do verde ó” e “Fio após fio”. Os objetivos geral e específicos são destacar e distinguir as cenas englobante e genérica presentes nas narrativas, identificar a natureza do signo verbal na sua relação com o signo não verbal e analisar recursos de intertexto, paratexto, entre outros, como procedimento artístico. Abordam-se os planos narrativos, nos quais se dá a realização dos personagens mimeticamente, partindo do pressuposto inicial formulado por Dominique Maingueneau. A linguagem não verbal é um convite à leitura da linguagem verbal e vice-versa. Ambas se associam aos signos que se constroem por meio da escritura textual: tear e tecido. Elas podem ser vistas ora de modo explícito, ora implícito, e se colocam a serviço de um poder que se realiza pelo ato de leitura. Assim, no texto narrativo, há rastros de um discurso em que o texto é encenado.

A Study Of Texas Youth Livestock Exhibitors Knowledge Within The Constructs Of The Quality Counts Assessment. (August 2013) J. D. Ragland, B.S., M. S. Chairman of Advisory Committee: Dr. Steve Fraze. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the current Quality Counts program and assessment. This on-line training and assessment is a required program of completion for all youth exhibiting livestock at all major livestock shows in Texas. The studies additional purposes was to evaluate assessment results of participants within their respected age groups and club affiliation, and to identify their relationships of the four program objectives as well as the three research objectives outlined for this study to determine where curriculum improvements maybe needed. It was concluded that the Quality Counts program needs revision to be a more effective tool for youth exhibiting livestock.

碩士
淡江大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
104
A complete Chinese TrueType font covers thousands of Chinese characters and symbols, most of them are much more complex than the English alphabets. To build a Chinese TrueType font not only needs professional font enginees, but also needs a lot of time and effort. Although some studies have proved that strokes and radicals can be used to buildChinese character, it still cannot provide a fast way to build a lot of Chinese characters. In this study, we proposed a convenient and quick methd to create an individual Chinese font which is based on a handwriting style DynaLab Yafeng font as the font sample template. The sample template was used to establish a radical database which contain the position, class and size. Based on the extracted radicals from user’s hand writing characters, out system can produce 5,401 common-used Chinese characters using the samplae templates. The results showed that we can create a Chinese TrueType font which complise with a standard of structure of Chinese character and aesthetic.

碩士
元智大學
工業工程與管理學系
96
It has highly correlation between TEG(Test Element Group) electric measure value on Array’s process and Array NG Rank what is abnormal defect on Cell’s process. The panel be judged as Array NG Rank 4 will be scrapped.It can reduce the cost waste resulted from unnecessary material be input in scrapped panel if we can predict what’s Rank in Array NG precisely.Therefore,the article’ topical subject research in construct prediction model of the abnormal defect by analyzing electric character on Array’s process.It will be divide into two parts to proceed. In first phase,by different method:Multinomial Logit model and a decision tree algorithm C5.0 to find out the better predictive rate in predicting Array NG’s Rank and induce the key factor from the inside of TEG(Test Element Group) electric measure value: Ion,Ioff,Vth, Ufe,Idl,Gm,Rgl,Rs1,Rc1,Rge1,Rge2, Rsd1 and Rsd2. In second phase,i will construct prediction model of the abnormal defect by analyzing electric character on Array’s process to understand that TEG electric measure value influence the degree of Array NG Rank’s judgement. According to analysis result in article,in first phase, the models were evaluated based on the predictive accuracy rate for test sets.The Multinomial Logit model had better predictive rate(96.17%) than the predictive rate(96.10%) of C5.0 model and the key factors included Vth,Rs1,Rge2,Rsd1 and Rsd2.In second phase,the prediction model be constructed by analyzed the correlation between TEG electric measure value and Array NG Rank can have higher ability to predict Array NG Rank judged as 4.The ability can reach to 96.15% and it can save the cost includes NT 840,600 dollars and 45 hours in work per month.

碩士
臺南師範學院
資訊教育研究所
87
The self-organizing feature maps（SOFM）net is one kind of unsupervised learning neural network. When the SOFM had learned the features of training patterns, the neurons, contain similar features, are close together. In this paper, we propose a multi-dimensional Self-Organizing Feature Maps (SOFM) to construct the relationship of Chinese characters. The proposed model extends the traditional one-dimensional relationship of Chinese characters （e.g. in a Chinese dictionary, Chinese characters with one same part are put together.）and then becomes a useful tool for orders of characters’education and measurement. Especially, it is useful to teach stroke orders of Chinese characters, Chinese characters with similar characteristics can be retrieved effectively. This technique can enhance the power of computer-assisted instruction（CAI）system and then the system becomes more “intelligent”. Keywords：self-organizing feature maps（SOFM）,stroke orders of Chinese characters, computer-assisted instruction （CAI）.

碩士
國立臺北教育大學
課程與教學研究所
95
SUMMARY This research is to construct the leadership models of the elementary school principals in promoting the character education. Six Taipei elementary school principals, awarded Excellent Leadership by Ministry of Education, were chosen as the research objectives. The researcher started with the exploration and induction on papers of character education’s basic theories in different aspects such as philosophy, psychology and sociology in order to re-conceptualize the character education. The related theories of leadership and strategies on promoting the character education were further studies. Later, interviews on six elementary school principals were carried out and the minutes were coded, analyzed and induced in order to understand their thoughts and measures in promoting the character education. Furthermore, the researcher entered the campuses they ran to do on-site observation and recording. In addition, some related documents were collected to declare the fact that character education has always been promoted by the education authority. In this research, two investigation methods, interviews and observations, were adopted for the information and phenomena collection to describe the current status and measures. In summing up the discussions and analysis results, the researcher, from the viewpoints of five general aspects, thirteen approaches and thirty-two directions, induced the research conclusion – the construction of leadership models of the elementary school principals in promoting the character education. It is summarized as follows: Chapter 1: Form Consensus – Activate School’s Inner Environment 1. Mold the future vision – from the direction of common vision building; from the direction of definite target pursuing 2. Create the new management concepts – from the direction of management concept innovation; from the direction of market image creating 3. Promote professional culture – from the direction of encouraging dialogue sharing; from the direction of creating utmost excellence Chapter 2: Follow the Flow – Always Use School’s External Environment 1. Clearly understand education policies – from the direction modeling policy implementation; from the direction of indexing quality awarding 2. Progressively obtain community resources – from the direction of attracting multiple resources; from the direction of using resources transparently Chapter 3: Innovation and Effectiveness – Promote Activation Elements of the School 1. Harmonic school environment – from the direction of promoting self-determined teaching; from the direction of building a caring and harmonious school 2. Management knowledge technology – from the direction of developing professional management knowledge; from the direction of planning to share and grow together Chapter 4: Lead with Adaptability – Pursue the School’s Character Effects 1. Adjust role missions – from the direction of adapting to adjusted role; from the direction of setting up goals ideally 2. Adapt leading strategy – from the direction of adapting the leading strategy; from the direction of carrying out the school policies systematically; from the direction of applying service and administration effectiveness; from the direction of executing organized plans 3. Think, and do good deeds – from the direction of clarifying core value; from the direction of applying multi-phase strategy; from the direction of complete coordinating multiple activities; from the direction of complete coordination and negotiation 4. Implement the whole person education – from the direction of creating win-win prosperity (the school image); from the direction of expressing professional capability (the teacher image); from the direction of achieving the goal of whole person (the student image); from the direction of coordinating parent-teacher communication (the parent image) Chapter 5: Deliberate Thoughts and Differentiation – Carry out the School Feedbacks 1. Correct during the process of implement– from the direction of making the execution of behavior concrete; from the direction of having various evaluating members 2. Reflect the effects of execution – from the direction of reflecting evaluation of implementation; from the direction of coordinating organization participation Keywords: Character Education , Leadership Models

The reading of selected literary texts in this thesis traces the changes from a divinely ordered world of stability (Thomas Mann's BudAfrikaans and Theory of Literature
D.Litt. et Phil. (Theory of Literature)

The aim of this research entitled Narrative Strategies in Selected Amharic Novels from 2000 until 2010 was to shed light on the relationship among form, meaning (content) and social milieuin establishing the textual and contextual features of fictional narratives. It mainly contends that it is possible to unravel the textual and contextual qualities of fictional narratives by studying form as a narrative strategy. In this research, form, when understood as a narrative strategy, is not only considered as a textual construct which motivates textual meaning but also regarded as a product of the social milieu from which the text emerges. Having this conception, form as a narrative strategy is investigated in selected Amharic novels published from 2000 until 2010 in view of expounding the artistic and thematic features of contemporary Amharic novels, endeavouring to fill the knowledge gap in Amharic literary scholarship about their literary features. The present research applies narratological approaches that range from classical to post-classical narratology. However, it dominantly uses post-classical conceptions of narratology as guidelines for its discussion. The dissertation comprises six chapters. The first one is an introductory chapter in which the research problems, goals and assumptions are explicated. Chapter two deals with the theoretical framework where the theoretical insight the research utilizes as a guideline is outlined and methodological issues are specified. The following three chapters focus on the analysis. In the third chapter, story is investigated as a narrative strategy in Yeburqa Zemeta (Burka’s Silence) (2000); in the fourth one, focalization is treated as a narrative strategy in Gerač.a Qač.eloč (Grey Bells) (2005), and in the fifth chapter, characterization is studied as a narrative strategy in Dèrtogada (Dertogada) (2010). The dissertation concludes with a chapter in which independent findings in the three analysis chapters are summed up and generalizations on the textual and contextual features of the present day Amharic novels are made.
Afrikaans & Theory of Literature
D. Litt. et Phil. (Theory of Literature)