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Porter, Noah. "Real challenges, virtual challengers : the Democracy for America movement". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002078.
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Sørheim, Ingrid By. "Kosovo's present challenges". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for sosiologi og statsvitenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25728.
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Kosovo is struggling in its attempt to develop into a liberal democratic state, and on its path toward EU membership. The rule of law has not yet been consolidated. Corruption is connected to the lack of economic growth, and is hindering domestic progress. The political system is made up by hierarchal, close- knit structures of power, and lacks clear ideological basis. This is hindering a real democratic process from taking place, along with the lack of transparency and accountability.
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Meneses, Flávio Silva. "Future network challenges". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18672.
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Engenharia Eletrónica e TelecomunicaçõesAs capacidades de conetividade dos equipamentos móveis têm obrigado a constante mudança do modo de operação da rede, exigindo cada vez mais recursos. Visando as futuras redes 5G, existe a necessidade de evoluir as presentes redes móveis, melhorando as suas arquiteturas e mecanismos. Estas futuras redes, vistas como a próxima geração arquitetural das telecomunicações, tenta suportar a "explosão" do número de equipamentos ligados, serviços e tecnologias de acesso, apoiando-se fortemente nas redes definidas por software (do inglês, Software Defined Networks, SDN). Apesar de estas redes definidas por software, estarem a ser exploradas e implementadas no núcleo de rede, atualmente não contemplam o seu impacto em equipamentos sem-fios móveis, de forma a avaliar o possível suporte de controlo. Os desafios associados à extensão dos mechanismos e protocolos, como o OpenFlow, das redes definidas por software até aos equipamentos móveis, não só requerem o desenho de uma infra-estrutura capaz de suportar essa extensão, como também da sua avaliação e provenientes benefícios. Esta dissertação acompanha a tendência destas futuras redes, explorando a interação entre o equipamento móvel e a rede, em ambientes sem-fios heterogéneos, nos quais os mecanismos de SDN são extendidos até equipamentos móveis capazes de não só consumir, como também de produzir informação. Com isto, foi desenvolvida e implementada sobre uma rede sem-fios física uma arquitetura conceptual, na qual os mecanismos SDN são extendidos até ao terminal, suportando diferentes equipamentos móveis com múltiplos fluxos de dados. Os resultados obtidos, mostram a sua viabilidade em cenários de mobilidade sem congestionamento, visando benefícios em extender os mecanismos SDN para controlo de fluxos end-to-end em ambientes sem-fios.
The connectivity capabilities of mobile wireless devices have been forever changing how networks operate, increasingly demanding resources from the network. This places a need for novel mobile network architectures and mechanisms, targeting tomorrows challenges, as envisaged by 5G networks research efforts. This future network, seen as the next generation telecommunications architecture, aims to tackle the explosion of connected devices, services and access technologies, relying its architecture on Software Defined Networks (SDN) to compose its underlying mechanisms. Notwithstanding, despite the need for novel control procedures to support and optimize increasingly challenging wireless mobile scenarios, SDN has been being deployed at the core and backhaul sections of the network and is not actively considering its impact directly over the wireless mobile terminals themselves. The challenges associated with the extension of SDN protocols, such as OpenFlow, all the way to the terminal requires the design and evaluation of frameworks that not only provide such mechanisms, but actually evaluate them and their benefits. This thesis shades a light on an important 5G trend, namely the interaction of the mobile node with the network, exploring a framework where SDN mechanisms are extended all the way to the mobile node, in heterogeneous wireless environments featuring different mobile nodes with multiple data flows, which act both as consumers and producers of information. In this way, flow-based mobility management becomes available to a network controller entity, via the OpenFlow protocol. The concept framework was implemented over a physical wireless testbed, validating its contribution in a mobile source-mobility use case, with results highlighting the promising benefits of extending SDN approaches for end-to-end flow control in wireless environments.
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Keane, Philomena Helen Aine. "Storying challenges in communities". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1481.
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The methodology of the thesis guided the research focus. It endeavoured to use a community psychology approach, collaboratively working with Mothers Against Violence (MAV) - a volunteer group based in Moss Side, Manchester. The research question evolved through attendance at MAV meetings, where members expressed concern with how they felt their community was being perceived. Members believed that negative stereotypes had impacted on investment, employment, public services, and opportunities for young people. Five members of MAV were interviewed using semi-structured re-authoring questions from narrative practice. Interviews were evaluated using narrative and thematic analysis techniques. As well as highlighting concerns about perceptions, MAV relayed their community’s attributes including the diverse activities, facilities, volunteers and community groups locally available. They also gave richer descriptions of problematic issues with helpful guidance towards future change. This thesis is introduced with a review of government agendas over the last two administrations, particularly in relation to communities and young people. The discussion considers misrepresentations and dominant narratives circulated about communities facing challenges. These are analysed alongside structural issues such as inequality. The discussion also raises questions about the effectiveness of current government agendas in promoting genuine community consultation. As a developing educational psychologist it is important to be aware of dominant discourses, and how these could impact on judgements being made about the people we work with. Being sensitive to how children, families and communities feel they are storied might encourage more authentic engagement. It is also likely to result in more relevant, collaboratively designed goals and strategies.
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VIEIRA, MARTHA ALKIMIN DE ARAUJO. "(LITERARY) FICTIONS: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5886@1.
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UNIVERSIDADE ESTACIO DE SÁO estudo das ficções (literárias), no marco dos sistemas midiáticos e da mediação digital e suas conexões com o processo de produção e sistematização do conhecimento, em modelos de realidade aponta a presença da ficcionalidade como fenômeno constitutivo de todos os segmentos da vida social e não apenas com o objeto sob jurisdição exclusiva da literatura. O estatuto das ficções literárias em interseção com a proliferação de ficções não literárias e a virulênncia das transformações tecno-científicas, das práticas sociais, estatisticas e culturais tensionam tanto o entendimento das formas de ficção quanto as noções de realidade, sugerindo uma aliança interdisciplinar entre literatura e cultura como possibilidade de compreensão dos conteúdos semânticos que abastecem e organizam repertórios compartilhados em sociedade.
With the development of digital and media systems and their connection with the process of production and systematization of knowledge, the study of (literary) fictions in models of reality points to fictionality as a phenomenon present in the makeup of every segment of social life, rather as an object restricted to literature. The status of literary fictions in their relation with nonliterary fictions, together with radical changes taking place in technology and science and in social and aesthetic practices, has challenged our understanding not only of fictional forms but also of our notions of reality, suggesting an interdisciplinary link between culture and literature as a possibility of understanding the semantic contents organizing the repertoires shared by contemporary society.
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Moodley, Kavilan. "Challenges for cosmological concordance". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620433.
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Choli, Hatice. "Digital inclusion : the challenges". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2010. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6363/.
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This research investigated attitudes and behaviours of socially excluded individuals as they engage with further learning through digital technologies in individually orientated and free informal learning settings. The study specifically explored the impact of socio-personal attitudinal and behavioural factors that may impede participation. The research was concentrated in a South East London borough and based within a successful joint initiative between a local authority and third sector organisations. This unique partnership, of over 25 centres, provided access to the hardest to reach groups in the deprived communities of the borough. A number of case studies have been included that give a flavour of the poignant journeys of socially excluded individuals. Past research in this area has been mainly limited to the investigation of economic barriers. The principal focus of this study is Azjen’s social psychological Theory of Planned Behaviour (TpB) which was concerned with localised social determinants of the individual. Research data was collected through questionnaires based on TpB and the raw data derived from these were statistically analysed using inferential statistics, chi-square (x2) on SPSS. In addition, a number of interviews were also carried out to gain further insight into the broad perceptions of the individuals. Interview transcripts were analysed and two emergent themes identified: attitude and behaviour. The statistical analysis revealed that latent experiences and perception played a vital role in individuals’ life choices. These provide the foundation of the socio-personal factors that impact on socially excluded adults and influence their attitudes, behaviour and decision making process. In this study these have been shown to have an impact on attitudes towards any sort of learning/training including IT skills. The combination of poor experiences of school, no/low academic achievement, low self-esteem and confidence, along with a fear of failure has led to lives of worklessness or a continuous cycle of low skilled, low-waged employment, vulnerable to economic change. In addition, a minor analysis contributed through Bourdieu’s concepts established that the individual’s social class/group produced inherent issues of almost unconsciously accepted differentiation between the dominated and dominant classes.
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Costa, Joana Seara da. "Galp Energia: huge challenges". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10336.
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Shifrel, Zachary D. "Challenges to Effective Realism". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102340.
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That a theory is merely effective has historically counted against it, especially in pro-realism discourse. For example, many realists take the interpretation of a theory to amount to specifying what the world would be like was the theory true (or characterizing the possible worlds picked out by the theory). But effective theories are not true simpliciter. They describe a limited subset of nature and only approximately so, giving the traditional realist little to work with. The effective realist gives up on the traditional realist project, noting that contemporary physical theories tell us nothing, or very little, about what's fundamental. The traditional realist gives us unreliable results for our ontology at fundamental length scales. Effective realism responds by taking effective theories seriously. I have two primary goals in this paper. First, I consider a few responses to arguments provided by Ruetshce (2017). Ruetsche worries that the theory space over which the effective realist quantifies might fail to be comprehensive. I hope to defend the effective realist through the use of first-order scientific evidence and with a response motivated by Fraser (forthcoming). Second, I develop an objection to effective realism similar in kind to one posed by Ruetshce. Rather than a skepticism in the space on which the renormalization group acts, I entertain a more general skepticism with respect to the construction of effective field theories. I then tease out a response grounded in theory space constraints to justify the effective realist's use of effective field theories to guide ontological commitment.Master of Arts
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Holt, Jim. "Behavioral Challenges in Dementia". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6469.
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Hoominfar, Elham. "Challenges of Monolingual Education". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1404055112.
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Feltmate, Roland H. "Worship challenges in Canada". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Pezzotta, Elisa. "Adaptations : Stanley Kubrick's challenges". Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515227.
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Gaude, Linn Linn. "Megacity Challenges: Safe Food and Education– : an exploration of challenges and possible ICT solutions". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-150415.
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In 2012, 50 % of the world’s citizens lived in urban areas. By the year of 2050 that number is estimated to have increased to 70 % with the biggest growth of cities seen in Asia and Africa. Megacities, urban areas with an excess of 10 million inhabitants, are increasing in number and will bring new challenges as well as opportunities. One of humans’ basics needs of survival is food. Today more and more food scandals about dangerous additives or chemicals, fake food, and untruthful listing of ingredients are surfacing in the media. At the same time knowledge about food and where it comes from is decreasing. This report takes a closer look at today’s status of food safety in a megacity context, what this will meanfor all the stakeholders in the food chain, and if and how an ICT concept could be created for supporting the situation. Investigating this makes it possible to learn more about if, why, and in what context an ICT concept could serve a megacity’s inhabitants. The context of the megacity was defined as Beijing due to many food scandals and the fast-paced urbanization trend in China. Information and feedback have been collected during literature research, a survey answered by persons living in Beijing, and brainstorming and ideation sessions that resulted in two examples of possible concepts: FoodBook and FarmConnect. The concepts target problems in transparency, education and corruption for the food industry in Beijing from the consumer’s point of view. The FoodBook is about making safe choices while shopping and being able to get instant and relevant information. As a complement to everyday shopping, FarmConnect is about connecting the consumer with the farmer in an attempt of increasing trust and education. The concepts were discussed during interviews with students from Beijing, now studying in Stockholm, to learn more about potential user’s thoughts on the possibilities and problems with the created ICT solutions. The study has a qualitative approach focusing on the research and conceptualizing stages of the process and does not claim to present any statistically defensible data. The intention of it is merely to show tendencies and raise a discussion. Keywords: Megacity, ICT, Safe food, Education, Beijing, Socioeconomic maturity level
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Waygood, Richard. "Challenges in Intercultural Business Communication". St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02603207001/$FILE/02603207001.pdf.
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Lagerman, Moa, i Mikael Pietilä. "Middle Managers : Facing Everyday Challenges". Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-140.
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Many industries have gone through changes in the last decades, everyone involved have been affected but few have encountered the same amount of changes as the middle managers. Being in the centre of the organisation, torn between wills, middle managers have struggled during the last years to redefine their job. There exists research describing their workdays, what they do and how they spend their time, but we have not found any study that has tried to investigate what challenges the middle managers face.
The purpose of this study is to identify the challenges faced by internally-promoted middle managers.
This thesis uses an inductive approach to fulfil the purpose; the main motivation for the chosen approach is the authors’ reluctance to let any existing theories guide the process. Instead, it is now believed to capture what middle managers actually find challenging and not reject or confirm the work of others which are not directly aimed at the same problem area. The empirical material has been gathered by using qualitative semi-structured interviews with eight middle managers in the auditing industry.
We consider the greatest challenges faced by middle managers to be prioritising in situations of limited time. Since the middle managers tend to leave internal issue to be handled later and instead put their primary focus on customers; relational related issues are found very challenging. Among these; finding a proper level for criticism, handling conflicting expectations and lead personnel in general were emphasized. Administrative related issues was also found challenging, but not to the same extent as relational related challenges. Among the administrative issues: fulfilling goals, scheduling and planning, implementing unsupported decisions, and filter information were stressed as most challenging.
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Michalski, Annette. "Overcoming challenges of shotgun proteomics". Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-151295.
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Suwala, Pawel. "Challenges with modern web testing". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-118268.
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The number of web applications continues to grow rapidly. Many applications that were traditionally desktop-based such as word processors, email clients or even file managers have now their web alternatives that often have bigger user base. While the software world is shifting from providing desktop-based applications to offering cloud-based services, challenges arise to provide high quality software in this radically different environment. Web-based applications are different in many aspects to their desktop equivalents. Web-based and desktop-based applications have radically dissimilar architecture, user interface, execution environment, requirements and limitations. To mention a few specific differences: the web application is executed in the context of a web browser, not operating system; code is executed in two separate places: on the server and in the web browser; code for the server is written in a different language than code for the client. Because of these differences, the traditional software testing techniques are only of limited use. To properly test a web application one needs to take into account numerous differences in Web-Browsers such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome or Apple Safari. Simple input-output testing is useful only to limited degree, because output cannot be just compared to the predefined value but must be compared within the context of all the environments and operating systems the application supports. The fact that an application works in one browser does not guarantee that it will work at all in other browsers. The entire complexity of the problem makes testing web applications a very time consuming and difficult task. Often it takes significantly longer time to test the application than it is to implement it. Because of these difficulties, web applications are often tested exclusively manually by humans, and only to a limited degree. New techniques and technologies are necessary to approach the problem of web application testing. This paper includes a case study carried out during author’s work on a web-based application. It examines the current state-of-the-art of web application testing and suggests useful techniques in tackling the problem.
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Chipman, Russell A. "Challenges in coronagraph optical design". SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627190.
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The point spread function (PSF) for astronomical telescopes and instruments depends not only on geometric aberrations and scalar wave diffraction, but also on the apodization and wavefront errors introduced by coatings on reflecting and transmitting surfaces within the optical system. Geometrical ray tracing provides incomplete image simulations for exoplanet coronagraphs with the goal of resolving planets with a brightness less than 10<^>-9 of their star located within 3 Airy disk radii. The Polaris-M polarization analysis program calculates uncorrected coating polarization aberrations couple around 10<^>-5 light into crossed polarized diffraction patterns about twice Airy disk size. These wavefronts not corrected by the deformable optics systems. Polarization aberrations expansions have shown how image defects scale with mirror coatings, fold mirror angles, and numerical aperture.
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Imedashvili, Sopiko, Ani Kekua i Polina Ivchenko. "Rural Entrepreneurship: Challenges and Opportunities". Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21482.
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According to World Bank Report published in 2012, the rural population in Sweden is 15.3 %. Rural population is calculated as difference between total populations minus urban population. 15.3 % clearly shows how important rural areas are for Sweden’s future development. Entrepreneurship plays the integral role in rural area development. However, earlier research has shown only economic perspective of rural development. On the other hand, the new ways to discover the challenges and opportunities for entrepreneurs in small firms were needed.
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Dong, Chuoyan Maggie, i 董婥嫣. "Current challenges in channel relationships". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40687521.
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Chan, Kiu-yan Calvin, i 陳翹昕. "Challenges to arterial endothelial function". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46916581.
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Tang, Yin-hang Phoebe, i 鄧彥姮. "Selling Skylab : dreams and challenges". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/198821.
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This thesis investigates the history of Skylab from political, social, and public relations perspectives. It focuses on the reasons to build Skylab, the difficulties Skylab met and most importantly how NASA overcame these difficulties by selling Skylab actively. The thesis argues that in order to maximize popular support and interest in Skylab to secure funding, NASA improved its public relations and sold Skylab according to public expectations. The first chapter explores how and why NASA selected Skylab as the program to succeed Apollo. Politically, NASA built Skylab for national prestige and to facilitate international cooperation. Socioeconomically and scientifically, Skylab provided employment opportunities and improved people’s daily life. These features of Skylab diverged from the competitive nature of the early space program, and gave NASA new justifications for continuing the space program. The second chapter focuses on budgetary limitations, and inadequate popular support and interest towards Skylab. Many voices from the public criticized the American space program for not bringing practical benefits. These voices urged the United States government to cut spending for space exploration, and channel the resources to areas such as public works and education instead. NASA was aware of these challenges and publicized Skylab accordingly. The final Chapter explores how NASA tailored its presentation of Skylab according to the interest of different stakeholders, so to assuage their concerns and gain their support for Skylab. NASA sold the space station by actively involving members from the public such as students and scientists in Skylab. Skylab became a project which was worth the high cost, and which could contribute practically to society.published_or_final_version
History
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Thompson, Laura Jean. "U.S. maritime security sustainability challenges". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5539.
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CHDS State/LocalApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The U.S. maritime domain includes vast resources and enables transportation of goods and services across the globe. Similar to all critical infrastructures and key resources, the maritime domain can be exploited to cause harm to people and disrupt economic stability. The President's National Strategy for Maritime Security and the U.S. maritime security framework is designed to deter, prevent and respond to a broad range of threats and exploitations. The U.S. maritime security system has evolved over the past decade and faces significant challenges including severe budget reductions, gaps between national guidance and specific roles and responsibilities assigned to federal agencies, and lack of interoperability among disparate logistic, training processes and operational command centers within the Homeland Security (DHS). Within the DHS, the United States Coast Guard and Customs and Border Protection execute the preponderance of maritime security missions. They struggle with aging air and marine assets and continuous interoperability challenges. The longterm solution includes a new alignment of air and marine resources and capabilities under one agency within the department, which will increase efficiency and reduce duplication of effort and costs, while maintaining a sustainable and layered maritime security posture in support of the President's strategy.
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Tagert, Adam C. "Cybersecurity Challenges in Developing Nations". Research Showcase @ CMU, 2010. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/22.
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This thesis examines the guidance that is being given to developing nations that are rapidly deploying information and communication technologies. It studied the African countries of Rwanda and Tunisia to draw lessons of the situation and potential methods of improving the situation. The thesis found that developing nations are often recommended to implement a conglomeration of existing rules and regulations found in other countries especially in European countries and in the United States. Developing countries are also recommended to create national CERTs, organizations of cybersecurity experts to coordinate a nation to respond to cyber incidents. The proposed rules and regulations are largely irrelevant for developing nations and the proposed missions of a CERT do not match the needs of those countries. In promoting better guidance, the thesis identifies and discusses several challenges. It finds policy makers in developing nations are aware of the cyber threat, and that the cyber threat is different and often smaller in less ICT developed nations even if they are using similar equipment and software. To help craft better recommendations, the thesis identifies the benefits of ICT especially in agriculture, education and government. These benefits are analyzed to determine whether they would be protected by current guidance and the analysis determines that protecting ICT use in government should be the priority. In crafting future guidance the challenges are that nations have differences in ICT architecture and ICT use, and developing nations have fewer resources but also they have different resources to use. Another such difference is the common lack of a private cybersecurity sector and different expectations of government. This thesis concludes with discussing unexpected results. The first is Rwandan policy makers desire good enough security and have a higher risk tolerance concerning cyber threats than is found in more developed nations. In addition, open source software can be a potential way to reduce the cost of cyberspace defense and this thesis makes an initial investigation. The lesson of the thesis is that cybersecurity strategy is not a one size fits all and so it must be customized for each country.
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Kovach, Jeremy J. "Operational challenges of strategy execution". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52273.
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Operations management studies the process of transforming material, labor, energy, or ideas into goods or services. Operations strategy outlines how firms leverage their capabilities to achieve competitive advantage. While developing or possessing these capabilities is paramount, they must be successfully leveraged to yield competitive advantage. This thesis comprises three essays which consider how firms can successfully implement their operations strategy, specifically within the context of supply chain management, remanufacturing, and project execution. The first essay (Chapter 2) empirically investigates the performance benefits of operational slack and operational scope in dynamic environments. We investigate how contingent investments in operational slack and operational scope moderate the relationship between unstable and unpredictable markets on firm performance. The second essay (Chapter 3) considers how a firm's organizational structure and incentives influence its decision to participate in remanufacturing. Through a principal-agent structure, we determine the optimal sales agent commission structures and product portfolio of new and remanufactured product for the firm. The third essay (Chapter 4) considers the challenges of executing strategic initiatives. We recognize the dual role of performance metrics, they communicate the target outcomes (i.e., what types of project outcomes are sought), and at the same time they incentivize the organizational impetus (i.e., effort commitment) from the stakeholders. Using a game theoretic model, we investigate the implications of the target outcome (focused or flexible definition of success) and project uncertainty, which are dependent on the organizational structure of the firm.
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Rodríguez, Morales Alfonso J., i Percy Mayta-Tristan. "Challenges for Colombian medical journals". The Lancet, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/333625.
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Javu, Mirranda Thobela. "Translating diabetes brochures: Challenges encountered". University of Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6545.
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Masters of ArtThe aim of this study was to develop isiXhosa terminology for diabetes brochures written in English or in medical terms, to enable diabetes patients to access information on their disease. Lefevere (1992a: xi) describes translation as “rewriting of an original text”. This study re-evaluated Lefevere's concept of translation by examining English brochures and translating them into isiXhosa brochures. In order to demonstrate how the translator of the English brochures transported the source text messages to the target language, literature was reviewed. Translation theories or approaches are discussed to assess their impact on the researcher’s attempt in translating diabetes brochures into isiXhosa. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews, and analysed to assess and answer the problem statement and hypothesis posed by the researcher that there will always be a high death rate of people with diabetes in South Africa, due to a lack of access to materials translated into indigenous languages on how to manage the disease. Since the available information is written in English or medical terms, it is difficult to reach a large sector of people who cannot read, write and/or speak English. Also, diabetes patients who speak the isiXhosa language lack knowledge on diabetes because they do not have access to information written in isiXhosa, or there is no written information at all. The study also aimed to translate English terminology including signs and symptoms, and causes and management of diabetes as these are crucial elements to be understood by diabetes patients in order to monitor their health. Furthermore, the researcher is of opinion that isiXhosa-speaking diabetes patients will be at less risk of dying if they are well informed by means of information in their mother tongue. Language is the soul of people. Without access to information, people are left in the dark and are prone to danger. On this backdrop the research was focused on translating diabetes brochures as a means of disseminating information to diabetes patients whose language is isiXhosa. Challenges encountered during the translation process are highlighted.
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Nagpure, Prashant. "Homebased healthcare : issues and challenges". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45232.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-80).
Healthcare costs in United States are projected to rise to 20% of GDP by 2015. This is a cause of major concern and current political debate. The largest contributor to this cost is the hospital cost accounting for 30 % to the healthcare expenditure. Segmenting healthcare through new delivery mechanisms may be an answer to the rising cost. Disruptive innovations like Retail clinic's is a prime example of this segmentation providing patients increased convenience at a reduced cost. This thesis presents the case of evolving Homebased healthcare as an alternative segment for healthcare with the objective that it would reduce the costs of healthcare by early monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of disease, a paradigm on which preventive healthcare is based. Synthesizing the information and research available this thesis proposes key elements of Homebased healthcare using which a model for Homebased healthcare is derived. Technology is discussed as a key enabler and a discussion is made regarding some of the current trends in evolving technology. Applying some lessons learned from other industry in high technology sector, this thesis then comment on the supply chain challenges arising due to homebased healthcare model.
by Prashant Nagpure.
M.Eng.in Logistics
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Kamath, Gautam (Gautam Chetan). "Modern challenges in distribution testing". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120373.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 321-356).
Hypothesis testing is one of the most classical problems in statistics. While it has enjoyed over a century of intense study, only recent focus has been on the small-sample regime, with interest in sample complexities and minimax rates. Our understanding of many fundamental problems is now quite mature, but there are several questions which have arisen over the last decade, which have not yet received adequate attention. The goal of this dissertation is to identify and address several contemporary challenges in distribution testing. In particular, we make progress in answering the following questions: ** Can we test distributions with tolerance to model misspecification? ** How does the complexity of distribution testing change as we consider different measures of distance? ** Can we efficiently test for membership in (potentially infinite) classes of distributions? ** How can we avoid the curse of dimensionality when testing multivariate distributions? ** Is it possible to perform hypothesis testing on sensitive data, while respecting privacy of the dataset? ** Can we design more efficient algorithms if the dataset is sampled actively? Directions for further investigation are also discussed.
by Gautam Kamath.
Ph. D.
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Gad, Usama. "The digital challenges and chances". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-201593.
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In this paper, I would like to explore the new ways of perceiving Papyri und Papyrology i.e. papyrological studies from Egyptian-Arabic perspectives. The paper will shed light on three main and, from my point of view, intertwined ways of thinking about this discipline that has been newly of importance just because of the new media. First, one should consider the question of legal status of papyri presented online, including their provenance, and the Egyptian (legal) point of view in this regard. Most, if not all, the available, papyri databases, which presents papyri online, suffice themselves with just a note about the purchase of a certain piece from unknown Egyptian, sometime known and famous like M. Nahman, without any indication about on which government, circumstances, regulations und laws this “supposedly” legal purchase has been conducted. I would suggest putting up a Wikipedia link or any other mean to give the “Egyptian” Science citizen, a further reading lists and short justifications about the transportation of this artefact from his country to Europe or the United States, where most of the papyri, presented in the moment online, are kept. Second, The provenance of the same pieces are in many cases given either with transliterated names that doesn’t exist on Arabic modern maps which one find through e.g. Google or with names that mix the archeological site with its nearby village or town. A similar database, in cooperation and with the help of with the Egyptian Universities’ students of Archeology, would solve this problem. Such links would also serve as a start for more specialized research that connects Archeology and Papyri with modern as well as recent Egyptian History. Third, an Arabic translation of the Papyri presented online, again with the help of Egyptian students of History, Classics and Archeology departments, would be a basis for more further analysis of these texts, whether they are written in Egyptian (with all its script) Greek, Latin or Coptic. These are some chances, which may seem easier to achieve, thanks to the new digital media, especially the social ones, but the challenges that would face any implementation of the above-mentioned idea in the current Egyptian academia are tremendous. This include but not limited to financial and legal matters that control the education system in Egypt.
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Chapin, John, i Alok Shah. "SOFTWARE RADIO TECHNOLOGY AND CHALLENGES". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607499.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThis paper provides an overview of software radio and its current state in the industry. Software radio is a technology in which all of the waveform processing, including the physical layer, of a wireless device moves into software. If designed properly, this approach leads to dramatically improved device flexibility, software portability, and reduced development costs. Of course, such a technology brings with it numerous challenges, from hardware components to power constraints to the regulatory environment.
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Roza, Mafalda Correia Larroudé Trigo da. "Mozambikes – The challenges of growth". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11610.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsMozambikes is a Mozambican social enterprise founded in 2009, whose mission is to “transform the lives of rural Mozambicans by providing higher quality bicycles at low market prices throughout the country.”1 The idea of Mozambikes resulted from a roadtrip, in which Lauren and Rui came across many rural Mozambicans walking and carrying heavy burdens on foot. They realized that bicycles would provide a quicker and safer way to reach the cities and improve their standard of living. The co-founders have therefore designed an innovative business model that allows them to accomplish their mission. In December 2011 the first order was dispatched and since then the social enterprise has gained recognition and has created three new business models, different from the initial one, in order to achieve a wider range of customers. At the end of 2012, 1,000 bicycles had been sold. During the next 6 years the co-founders want to expand in order to better achieve Mozambikes’ mission, producing 25,000 bicycles per year. To do this, they need to develop a strategic plan towards a scaling up process.
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Tran, David. "Multicultural project settings : Perceived challenges". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84580.
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The number of culturally diverse project teams has increased significantly over the years, as internationalization within organizations become more common. Individuals are more interconnected than ever, due to increased cultural exchange. The increased globalization also has created many challenges, such as streamlining multinational organizations, management and communication in multicultural settings. Furthermore, there has been studies showing that culturally diverse project teams have both a positive and negative impact on projects. The purpose of this study is to contribute to a deeper understanding of perceived challenges in multicultural project settings. In order to get a deeper understanding of the challenges, the study will address the perceived impacts of cultural differences in regard to the project member, as well as the challenges project members encounters and how these are managed. The author found that the cultural differences were noticeable when adapting to a new culture but faded as the respondents adjusted and became more like the individuals in the new culture. The challenges most of the respondents faced not speaking the language, not being used to the language and surrounded by different accents, which originated from language barriers. There was no universal solution to these challenges, instead, respondents dealt with it their own way or with the help of guidance from organizations. The study was done by conducting semi-structured interviews with a qualitive method to ensure extensive data. There were ten interviews in total, with individuals from different backgrounds and cultures around the world.
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Van, Heerden Elmarie. "Data challenges in pulsar searches". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:98b329d6-4dbf-4956-9277-4b52fa2971bd.
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Technological advances coupled with a decline in digital storage costs have resulted in a profusion of data being created, collected and consumed. These data give rise to new challenges and opportunities in many disciplines ranging from science and engineering to biology and finance. An example of a future project in radio astronomy that promises both Big Data and Big Discoveries is the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) radio telescope project. Astrophysicists are confident that the Big Data amassed by the SKA will not only answer fundamental questions regarding the Universe but also contain big discoveries not yet postulated. The transformational potential of the SKA and its ensuing data and algorithmic challenges, in particular for the discovery and study of pulsars, drive the research of this thesis. Discovering all pulsars beaming towards Earth is one of the key science goals of the SKA. However, in addition to low signal strengths, searching for pulsars is extremely difficult due to the intrinsic weakness of their signals, propagation effects and the presence of anthropogenic interferences. Numerous techniques have been developed to overcome some of these difficulties and to assist in the quest to find more pulsars. However, despite the success of these techniques, the number of pulsars discovered in recent surveys (Swiggum et al. 2014, Lazarus et al. 2015) has fallen well short of the number predicted by pulsar population synthesis models (Lorimer 2011). This shortfall in pulsar detections can be attributed to radio frequency interference (RFI), red noise and scintillation (Lazarus et al. 2015). For this thesis, and in order to investigate and quantify these claims, I first developed a new technique to simulate pulsar search data that contain different types of RFI and varying noise baselines (i.e. red noise). This surrogate modelling technique was then used in a framework that I developed to inexpensively explore the sensitivity of pulsar search pipelines for different noise and RFI settings. The results from this framework highlight the necessity to develop algorithms that are able to identify and remove non-stationary variations from the data before RFI excision and searching is performed in order to limit false positive detections. To address the shortcomings identified with the framework which assessed the performance of existing pulsar search pipelines, I developed a new real-time algorithm for excising RFI while simultaneously normalising the variability in time and frequency inherent to pulsar observations. Processing synthetic data with the algorithm resulted in an expansion of the noise/pulsar spin period parameter space for which we are able to successfully detect pulsars. Furthermore, the algorithm is shown to reduce the number of false positive detections. In conclusion, the insights gained from the work presented in this thesis and the improvements achieved will contribute to the development of a new realtime pulsar search pipeline adept at dealing with the challenges posed by the SKA.
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Rodriguez, Perez Jesus Alberto. "Microblog retrieval challenges and opportunities". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8666/.
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In recent years microblogging services have changed the way we communicate. Microblogs are a reduced version of web-blogs which are characterised by being just a few characters long. In the case of Twitter, messages known as \textit{tweets} are only 140 characters long, and are broadcasted from followees to followers organised as a social network. Microblogs such as tweets, are used to communicate up to the second information about any topic. Traffic updates, natural disaster reports, self-promotion, or product marketing are only a small portion of the type of information we can find across microblogging services. Most importantly, it has become a platform that has democratised the communication channels and empowered people into voicing their opinions. In fact, it is a very well known fact that the use Twitter amongst other social media services tilted the balance in favour of ex-president Obama when he was elected president of the USA in 2012. However, whilst the widespread use of microblogs has undoubtedly changed and shaped our current society, it is still very hard to effectively perform simple searches on such datasets due to the particular morphology of its documents. The limited character count and the ineffectiveness of state of the art retrieval models in producing relevant documents for queries, thus prompted TREC organisers to unite the research community into addressing these issues in 2011 during the first Microblog 2011 Track. This doctoral work is one of such efforts, and its focused on improving the access to microblog documents through ad-hoc searches. The first part of our work individually studies the behaviour of the state of the art retrieval models when utilised for microblog ad-hoc retrieval. First we contribute with the best configurations for each of the models studied. But more importantly, we discover how query term frequency and document length relates to the relevance of microblogs. As a result, we propose a microblog specific retrieval model, namely MBRM, which significantly outperforms the state of the art retrieval models described in this work. Furthermore we define an informativeness hypothesis in order to better understand the relevance of microblogs in terms of the presence of their inherent features or dimensions. We significantly improve the behaviour of a state of the art retrieval model by taking into consideration these dimensions as features into a linear combination re-ranking approach. Additionally we investigate the role that structure plays in determining the relevance of a microblog, by encoding the structure of relevant and non-relevant documents into two separate state machines. We then devise an approach to measure the similarity of an unobserved document towards each of these state machines, to then produce a score which is utilised for ranking. Our evaluation results demonstrate how the structure of microblogs plays a role in further differentiating relevant and non-relevant documents when ranking, by showing significantly improved results over a state of the art baseline. Subsequently we study the query performance prediction (QPP) task in terms of microblog ad-hoc retrieval. QPP represents the prediction of how well a query will be satisfied by a particular retrieval system. We study the performance of predictors in the context of microblogs and propose a number of microblog specific predictors. Finally our experimental evaluation demonstrates how our predictors outperform those in the literature in the microblog context. Finally, we address the ``vocabulary mismatch'' problem by studying the effect of utilising scores produced retrieval models as an ingredient in automatic query expansion (AQE) approaches based on pseudo relevance feedback . To this end we propose alternative approaches which do not rely directly on such scores and demonstrate higher stability when determining the most optimal terms for query expansion. In addition we propose an approach to estimate the quality of a term for query expansion. To this end we employ a classifier to determine whether a prospective query expansion term falls into a low, medium or high value category. The predictions performed by the classifier are then utilised to determine a boosting factor for such terms within an AQE approach. Then we conclude by proving that it is possible to predict the quality of terms by providing statistically enhanced results over an AQE baseline.
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Karlsson, Lisa Caroline, i Iris Sørgård. "Distribution Challenges within Grocery Retailing". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Centre of Logistics and Supply Chain Management (CeLS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39930.
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Grocery retailing can be recognized as a market with high competitive pressures which requires a focus on the customers and operational efficiencies to stay competitive. Distribution centers play a vital role in grocery retailing since they constitute a significant part of the total cost of logistics. To reach an overall profitability in a company, an effective and efficient distribution is needed. Grocery retailing and distribution challenges has been discussed previously in literature for compact countries whereas a limited focus has been on elongated countries. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate challenges within a grocery retailing distribution operating in an elongated country with numerous sparsely populated areas located far away from the distribution centers. Thus, this thesis aims to contribute to literature considering the detected research gap. This study is developed with an inductive research approach, which aims to generate meanings from the semi-structured interviews in order to identify challenges within a grocery retail distribution to develop theory and generalized conclusions. Furthermore, the thesis follows a qualitative research direction where a single case study has been conducted. Analyzing and comparing the findings revealed 15 challenges in a grocery retail distribution. The main challenge found during this research was the insufficient filling rate of the pallets and trucks when transporting products between distribution centers and the last mile delivery. Furthermore, 9 possibilities to address the challenges with an overall goal of reducing the total cost of logistics was detected for this research.
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Mansberger, Paul, i Filip Projic. "Survival Challenges of Environmental Entrepreneurs". Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39687.
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Environmental entrepreneurs are considered to be important drivers for an environmentally sustainable development. As other entrepreneurs, they face survival challenges while operating their businesses. Due to the increased importance of environmental entrepreneurs in counteracting environmental issues we argue that it is necessary to gain an understanding of their specific challenges of survival. In this thesis, we build theory based on environmental venture cases located in Sweden. We provide an extensive overview of the current literature and contribute by identifying an institutional dimension being of high relevance in this field. Our findings are of particular interest for policy makers, public institutions, environmental entrepreneurs and their advisors. Additionally, we provide further necessary access to this relatively new research field and suggest future research directions.
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Coloma, Manrique Carmen Rosa. "New challenges for university teaching". En Blanco y Negro, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117006.
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The article points how the knowledge society provides an opportunity to review the orientation and strategy of teaching methods in academia. It puts forward that "it is not only a matter of being leaders in the generation of new knowledge, scientific and technological production, transference of knowledge and innovation", but also that we need university to be the "critical consciousness of society, a hub for reflection, analysis and prospective about the evolution of society itself". Thus, it meditates on the goal of university and argues that it must focus its ability to transform the learning process on developing competences in students, not specifically for the labor market, but rather to achieve the students' full development as well as peace, social well-being and prevent inequity.El presente artículo, en el contexto de la sociedad del conocimiento, señala la oportunidad de revisar la orientación y estrategia de enseñanza en el ámbito universitario. Se afirma que “no solo se trata de ser líderes en la generación de conocimiento o producción de científica y tecnológica, la transferencia del conocimiento y la innovación”, sino que además se requiere que la universidad debe ser “conciencia crítica de la sociedad, centro de reflexión, análisis y prospectiva sobre la evolución de la propia sociedad”. En tal sentido se hace una reflexión sobre la finalidad de la universidad, que debe centrar su función transformadora de aprendizaje para desarrollar en los estudiantes competencias, no tanto para el mercado laboral sino para lograr su desarrollo pleno, la paz, el bienestar social y evitar desigualdades.
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Russ, Ricardo. "SCALING CHALLENGES IN DIGITAL VENTURES". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150563.
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The number of startups is on the rise, specifically digital startups with products entirely based on software. These companies are facing a resilient challenge when it comes to increasing their user base, revenue or market share. This process is called scaling, which is an essential part for every startup in order to establish themselves in the market. While there are several generic models focusing on scaling a business, there seems to be a lack of scientific research focusing on the challenges during the process of scaling. This paper describes a qualitative study focusing on purely digital companies which have scaled or are trying to scale. Resulting in finding several distinct challenges and barriers related to scaling digital companies, by comparing and contrasting growth literature with the data generated by this study. Besides these challenges, our findings suggest that B2B and B2C companies are facing different challenges during their scaling processes.
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Alam, Faysal, i Mansoor Ul Hasan Butt. "Motives and Challenges of Offshoring". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27835.
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Abstract Aim: The aim of this study is to explore offshoring in terms of different motives, challenges, advantages and disadvantages a company face. Method: Qualitative research method is adopted to conduct the study. The data was collected from interview questions from 11 personnel of M&F Associates with relative offshoring experience. Theories from peer-reviewed journal articles and relevant books were consulted throughout the study. Results and Conclusion: The findings suggest that major motives and advantages of offshoring strategy are cost efficiency. Contingency plan and development of consultants and services in home country also emerged as a major motive for companies to choose offshoring strategy. Further, the findings suggest challenges faced by the organization while implementing offshoring strategy like ‘language barrier’, ‘cultural differences’, ‘competency’ and setting deadlines. There are different challenges identified which are faced by an organization on continuous bases while implementing the offshoring strategy like ‘language barrier’, ‘cultural differences’, ‘competency’ and setting deadlines. Further, the finding suggests better margin is key for an organization and considered as a major advantage. As far as disadvantages go, the findings from the study reveal weak control and knowledge could be regarded as a disadvantage. This study also concludes that one of the evolving motives for organizations to adopt offshoring to make capacity for customer relations as well as organization face difficulty to communicate their offshoring strategy with its customers. Limitations: The study is based on the perspective of only one organization and with a limited number of interviews. Results of this study cannot be generalised. Suggestions for further research: Our recommendation for future study is to consider customer’s perspective on the issue. Both managerial perspective, as well as the customer's perspective should be taken into consideration for better result. Another suggestion, is to look into the relationship between offshoring and customer relation. Since, lack of studies been found in this area, further research can be explored for the benefit of organizations. A quantitative study with a wider selection of samples gathered from different parts of the world with specific industries could enrich the study even more. The contribution of the study: This study contributes to the general knowledge and understanding of why companies use offshoring strategy to expand business while discussing its motives, challenges, advantages, and disadvantages. Keywords: Offshoring, outsourcing, Uppsala model, customer relations.
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Brehm, S. Seitz. "Navigating Challenges, Lessons Learned: ASCENT". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8367.
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Getman, Victoria. "Global challenges in higher education". Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16637.
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Дерев`янко, Юрій Миколайович, Юрий Николаевич Деревьянко, Yurii Mykolaiovych Derevianko i П. Філіпс. "Challenges Facing Entrepreneurship in Ghana". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/50259.
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Below are some of the most common challenges that entrepreneurs face or are
likely to encounter in Ghana:
Human resources. Many of the entrepreneurs spoken to complain of problems
with finding the human resources for their business and those that run such
businesses may not possess the requisite skills to manage their enterprises.
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Kisera, Tetyana, i Тетяна Олегівна Кісера. "COVID vaccine: supply chain challenges". Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50508.
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1. Mia Rabson (2021). From science to syringe: COVID-19 vaccines are miracles of science and supply chains. CTV News (Bell Media). (Date of appeal: 20.03.2021) [Electronic resource]. - Access mode:https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/from-science-to-syringe-covid-19-vaccines-are-miracles-of-science-and-supply-chains-1.5327003
2. Reporting by Michael Shields; editing by Jason Neely (2021). Lonza gets Swiss OK to start Moderna vaccine production –paper. Reuters. (Date of appeal: 20.03.2021) [Electronic resource]. - Access mode:https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-swiss/lonza-gets-swiss-ok-to-start-moderna-vaccine-production-paper-idINKBN2980CK?edition-redirect=in
3. Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine. (Date of appeal: 20.03.2021) [Electronic resource]. - Access mode:https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/moderna/index.html
4. Mayank Kumar (2020). Covid-19 vaccine: Serum Institute signs up for 100 million doses of vaccines for India, low and middle-income countries. (Date of appeal: 20.03.2021) [Electronic resource]. - Access mode:https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/health/covid-19-vaccine-serum-institute-signs-up-for-100-million-doses-of-vaccines-for-india-low-and-middle-income-countries/2047884/
5. David Erskine (2021) Transporting the AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccine from PCN designated sites to end user locations, patients’ homes and within the PCN Grouping. (Date of appeal: 20.03.2021) [Electronic resource]. - Access mode:https://www.sps.nhs.uk/articles/transporting-the-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccine-from-pcn-designated-sites-to-end-user-locations-patients-homes-and-within-the-pcn-grouping/
6. Choong, Jerry (2021). "Health Ministry: Malaysia secures 18.4 million doses of Russian, Chinese Covid-19 vaccines". The Malay Mail. (Date of appeal: 20.03.2021) [Electronic resource]. - Access mode:https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2021/01/26/health-ministry-malaysia-secures-18.4-million-doses-of-russian-chinese-covi/1944232
7. Peter Jamison (2021). In a virus-ravaged city, nearly 400 million vaccine doses are being made — and shipped elsewhere. (Date of appeal: 20.03.2021) [Electronic resource]. - Access mode:https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2021/02/22/vaccine-baltimore-emergent-biosolutions-covid/The Covid pandemic paused the development of the world economy for quite some time. Experts link the beginning of recovery with the speed and quality of vaccination. That’s why the aim of the paper to analyze different logistics and supply chain questions, connected to the procedure of delivering and handling vaccines in Ukraine. Preservation and proper transportation are directly proportional to a safe vaccine. Therefore, the table 1 refers main data based on information from official web sites about 5 vaccines that have passed the 3rd phase of clinical testing / evaluation. The Sputnik B vaccine will be excluded from this list because it is prohibited by law in Ukraine.
Пандемія Ковіда на деякий час зупинила розвиток світової економіки. Експерти пов'язують початок одужання із швидкістю та якістю вакцинації. Ось чому мета статті - проаналізувати різні питання логістики та ланцюга поставок, пов’язані з процедурою доставки та обробки вакцин в Україні.Збереження та належне транспортування прямо пропорційні безпечній вакцині. Тому в таблиці 1 наводяться основні дані на основі інформації з офіційних веб-сайтів про 5 вакцин, які пройшли 3-й етап клінічного тестування / оцінки. Вакцина Sputnik B буде виключена із цього списку, оскільки вона заборонена законом в Україні.
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Shevchenko. "CHALLENGES FOR EDUCATION IN FUTURE". Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33902.
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Bengtsson, Anna-Karin. "CONSTANTLY NEW CHALLENGES FOR NURSES". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26003.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: The number of patients treated in inadequate hospital wards is increasing. Elderly and fragile patients with medical conditions are particularly vulnerable for being placed in inadequate hospital wards. They also run a twice as high risk of health-related complications and increased mortality. RNs obtain specific knowledge by working on specific wards. However, RNs’ experience of caring for outliers seems relatively unexplored, as few studies explore RNs’ experiences in giving nursing care to outliers. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore RNs’ experience of giving care to outliers with medical conditions at a university hospital in Sweden. Method: An interview study with 14 RNs from medical and surgical wards were conducted by semi-structured interviews. The inclusion criteria were that they had worked as an RN for minimum two years and had experience of outliers. Data were collected between December 2016 and January 2018. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis to identify categories and themes according to the aim of the study. Result: One overarching theme emerged: The interviewed nurses experienced that outliers’ medical and nursing care was delayed and therefore hospitalization was prolonged. The informants’ experience is substantiated by five main categories: Inadequate information from ER to the ward leads to concern, Nursing interventions are performed later and lead to a sense of powerlessness, Unavailable drugs lead to delayed or no drug administration, Patients on inadequate wards do not receive proper information, and The RN does not know when the patient is ready for discharge planning. Conclusion: RNs described their experience of caring for outliers as an obstacle course and that this risks prolonged hospitalization. They are not equipped to make the most appropriate decisions, as they have other specific knowledge than the specific needs of outliers, and as a result, care is not given. Keywords: outlier, registered nurse, experience, qualitative study, conventional content analysis, care undone, patient safety.
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Madaeni, Seyed Hossein. "Challenges in Renewable Energy Integration". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1342628585.
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Andersson, Sabina. "Simulation challenges in robotic grasping". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186487.
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Grasping and dexterous manipulation is a huge area in the current robotic research field. Traditionally in industrial environments, robots are customized for a certain task and work well with repetitive movements where the entire process is predetermined and deterministic. The possibility for a robot to adapt to its surroundings and manipulate objects with unknown properties is very limited and requires new models and methods. It is advantageous to explore and test new algorithms and models in a simulated environment before building physical systems. This thesis focuses on making the development, design and control of dexterous robot hands easier by exploring the benefits and challenges to use simulation in Algoryx's physics engine AGX Dynamics for experimentation and evaluation of design, motion planning, contact models, geometry, etc. The goal is to simulate complex grasping situations in AGX Dynamics and to build knowledge about contact mechanics to fully capture the dynamics of grasping in simulation. The work consists of validating the simulation library with regards to fundamental physics characteristics involved in grasping by a series of benchmark tests. The validation process aims to verify the models and numerical methods in AGX Dynamics to ensure sim2real transfer. The work has exposed friction as one of the biggest challenges in simulation. Developments of the current friction models that better represent the reality have been implemented and tested in AGX. They both show promising results for further development.
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Aul, Raminder Singh. "Bronchial challenges in airways disease". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/bronchial-challenges-in-airways-disease(427734bd-d3e2-48be-b6bb-b760da1b333d).html.
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Background: Airways diseases comprise mainly of COPD and asthma. There is a need to develop both new models and improve methodologies of existing models these diseases. LPS challenges in smokers would be an excellent model to study the drugs directed against TLR4 mediated inflammation in COPD. In asthma allergen challenges are established models of disease and extensively used in clinical trials. Back to back reproducibility of two bolus dose allergen challenges has not been studied; this would provide intra subject standard deviations which are useful for accurate power calculations for bolus allergen challenge studies. Aims: 1. To investigate Inhaled LPS Challenges in healthy smokers as a model of inflammation in COPD; study systemic and sputum biomarkers for use in such studies and use LPS challenge as a model to study corticosteroid insensitivity 2. Investigate LPS Challenges in HNS as a model to study neutrophil chemotaxis mechanisms 3. Study Reproducibility of bolus dose allergen challengeMethods 1. HNS and HS were recruited and underwent inhaled LPS challenges. Safety, airway and systemic inflammation was studied. 2. Mild atopic asthmatics underwent two bolus allergen challenges, reproducibility of EAR and LAR was studied and intrasubject SD was used for power calculationsResult LPS Challenges were safe in both HNS and HS and led to increase in sputum neutrophil% in both these populations with maximum effect at 6hours post 30µg LPS inhalation. The resulting airway neutrophilic inflammation was reproducible in HS. LPS challenge in HS also leads to increase in systemic biomarkers and upregulation of NFĸB pathways in induced sputum. There was moderate corticosteroid insensitivity in airway inflammation in HS which didnot increase post LPS challenge. In HNS sputum supernatants post LPS challenge increase chemotaxis of blood neutrophils which is related to CXCL8 levels and mediated by both CXCR1 and 2 receptors. Bolus allergen challenges in mild asthmatics show good reproducibility for both EAR and LAR; I have also presented intrasubject SD which maybe used for accurate power calculations for future studies.Conclusions LPS Challenges lead to neutrophilic airway inflammation in HS which is reproducible and mediated by upregulation of TLR4 signalling making this a good model to study anti-inflammatory drugs for COPD in clinical trials. Additionally, LPS challenges in HNS provide a model to study neutrophil chemotaxis mechanisms. Bolus allergen challenges show good reproducibility and accurate power calculations are presented in this thesis.