Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Cervimetry”

A total of 52 buffalo cows suffering from uterine torsion were divided into seven groups.Each animal in the groupwas subjected to diagnosis depending upon clinical signs, rectal, vaginal, and ultrasonographic examination then subjected to one of the formulatedtherapeutic regimes.Cervimetry, state of fetal livability, parturition easiness, placental dropping time, and uterine health witheach specific treatment were recorded. Results: groups injected with denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine showed rapid cervical dilation rate (3.1±0.26cm and 3.2±0.19cm, respectively).Moreover, had an extending effect, where an efficient cervimetry rate (17±0.52 cm and16±0.46cm, respectively)was achieved after 24h from starting the treatment.Denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine and cloprostenol sodium plus methylergometrineshowed the unique parturition process that took place with no maneuverers (2.1±0.26, 1.8±0.22 and 2.1±0.55) with preserved fetal viability (100, 88.8 and 85.7 %) and uterine health (85.7, 88.8 and 85.7%). While,methylergometrine alone was an inefficient therapeutic protocol that didntassisted the process of normal delivery (3.2±0.17) and increases the rate of fetal deaths (50%).Denaverine hydrochloride, denaverine hydrochloride potentiated with methylergometrine andcloprostenol plus methylergometrinetreated groups showed significantly the shortest placental dropping time (9.4±1.2, 10±1.1and10±0.67hrs, respectively), while methylergometrine and misoprostol recorded the longest placental dropping time (13±0.49 and 13±0.37hrs, respectively).In conclusion,this study was considered the first attempt that follows the degree of cervimetryafter uterine torsion correction. Denaverine hydrochloride plus methergin is an efficient treatment regime that improved the reproductive health of buffalocow after uterine torsion correction.The cervical dilation rate starting from 13.00 -14.00 cmwas an articulated size at which the process of eutocia can start in buffalocows. The maximum achieved mean of the internal cervical luminal diameter for buffalo-cow after detorsion was 17±0.52cm, this diameter assisted the delivery process with little maneuverers.

Пацієнтки з багатоплідною вагітністю складають групу високого ризику розвитку перинатальних ускладнень, серед яких загроза передчасних пологів стоїть на першому місці. Трансвагінальний моніторинг шийки матки при багатоплідді несе цінну інформацію про її стан (довжина, внутрішній зів, цервікальний канал) і є надійним прогностичним показником у комплексній діагностиці підвищеного ризику передчасних пологів.

Monitoring labour progression is of utmost importance, to avoid complications during childbirth. Frequent monitoring allows prevention, identification, and management of complications during childbirth. Improper monitoring can result in serious complications and can negatively impact the health of both the mother and the baby. The problems get exaggerated in remote villages due to lack of medical infrastructure and timely transportation. The parameters that are commonly monitored during labour are frequency, strength and duration of uterine contractions, cervical effacement and dilatation, and foetal head station. Cervical dilatation is one of the most important parameters used to gauge the progress of labour. Monitoring cervical dilatation alone, allows healthcare professionals to take decisions regarding subsequent intervention. Digital trans-vaginal examination, when conducted by an experienced practitioner, is considered the gold standard for obstetric practice. However, the measurement is inaccurate due to inter and intra-observer variability. The variability results from the fact that the cervix is soft and can get easily stretched during measurement. Patients, especially the ones with ruptured membranes, are put at heightened risk of infections when subjected to repeated vaginal examinations and they also experience discomfort. In an attempt of improving the accuracy of measurement, different methods have been explored in literature. Various mechanical measurement tools that were devised were found to be heavy and caused distortion of the cervix. Ultrasonic monitoring methods require the sensors to be screwed into the tissue at the exact locations. This may lead to local trauma and any error in sensor placement could lead to increased measurement errors due to which this may not be the preferred method of measurement for cases of normal labour. While high-resolution, real-time ultrasound imaging systems are available, they are prohibitively expensive. None of the methods mentioned above have managed to reach a hospital setting. The aim of this work is to develop a cervical dilatation measurement system which is accurate, cost-effective, safe, and easy to use, and causes least discomfort to the patient. It is desired that the sensing mechanism used for measurement be non-contact in order to reduce patient trauma. Hence, imaging using cameras is explored in this work. Through extensive literature study of the complex and dynamic anatomy of the female reproductive system, it is established that the vaginal canal may occlude any non-contact sensor placed at the vaginal introitus. In order to support measurement by any such sensor, a mechanism is required to retract the vaginal walls. Various existing vaginal retractors, also called specula, are evaluated and a novel retractor is designed to suit cervimetric applications, such that it provides maximal cervical visibility while causing minimal patient discomfort. The materials used in the manufacturing of the retractor and the manufacturing process is also discussed. This retractor is evaluated to be safe for use within the vaginal environment. Images of the dilating cervix are studied. Various image processing techniques such as manual, colour-based, and edge-based detection methods are established and evaluated for the detection of the cervical os. A consolidated image processing tool is also developed and guidelines for choice of image processing parameters are established. The specifications of the camera system required for use in cervimetry are determined. Two types of camera systems: monocular and stereo systems are developed in this work. The bio-compatible packaging of these systems is discussed. These systems are tested on cervical models and evaluated for use in cervimetry. It is found that endoscopic imaging in cervimetry performs better than most of the state-of-the-art cervimetric methods found in literature. Overall, a cervimetric product which utilizes an imaging device and a supporting retractor, along with associated image processing has been developed in this work with the intention of its long-term and sustained utilization in a clinical setting.