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Tackie, Alexander O. "Modelling local government budgetary reactions to central government financial controls". Thesis, University of York, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238723.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbdullah, Nur Anisah. "Performance measurement in British central government". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21912.
Pełny tekst źródłaHuaxing, Liu. "Why is local government less trusted than central government in China?" Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6162/.
Pełny tekst źródłaChoi, Ho-Taek. "Central-local government fiscal relations in South Korea the impact of central government grants on local authorities' finance /". Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.311609.
Pełny tekst źródłaRadcliffe, J. "The reorganisation of central government 1970-1976". Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380676.
Pełny tekst źródłaGreer, Patricia. "Transforming central government : the Next Steps initiative". Thesis, University of Bath, 1994. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385221.
Pełny tekst źródłaKhan, Taj Moharram. "Central-local government relations in Pakistan since 1979". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/272/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSavage, Lee. "Government formation in central Europe : a comparative analysis". Thesis, University of Essex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446466.
Pełny tekst źródłaCaruana, Josette. "The reform of central government accounting in Malta". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4835/.
Pełny tekst źródłaCavalcante, Neto Aristides Andrade. "Fatores relevantes na construção de processos government-to-government no Banco Central do Brasil". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/3755.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation seeks to recognize the factors, which are relevant to the construction of the processes Government-to-Government (G2G), and how these factors influence the success of those processes. For this research, two existing cases in Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen) were used: i) the Banco Central do Brasil (BACEN) X Senado Federal case; and the Bacen x Poder Judiciário case. The framework of this dissertation is based on the methodology of multiple study cases described by Robert Yin (2001). This work analyzed separately each of the cases and compared the results obtained in each analysis. In this way, this research aimed at analyzing the reasons that led these cases to gain such distinct outcomes, despite the existing potential benefits in each one of them. The obtained results suggest that three factors influence the success of G2G processes in a relevant way: computational safety; the culture of the organizations involved; and the capacitation of people involved. Each of these factors, according to what results showed, bring a set of considerations which should be observed by the public administrator in relation to the strategies of implementation of G2G processes.
Esta dissertação procura descobrir fatores que sejam relevantes para a construção de processos Government-to-Government (G2G) e como estes fatores influenciam no sucesso destes processos. Para a realização desta pesquisa, utilizou-se de dois casos existentes no Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen): i) o caso Bacen x Senado Federal; ii) o caso Bacen x Poder Judiciário. Para este trabalho, utilizou-se a metodologia de estudo de casos múltiplos descrita por Robert Yin (2001). Este trabalho analisou separadamente cada um dos casos e comparou os resultados obtidos em cada análise. Desta forma, esta pesquisa procurou analisar as razões que levaram estes casos a obterem resultados tão distintos, apesar dos potenciais benefícios existentes em cada um deles. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que três fatores influenciam de forma relevante o sucesso de processos G2G: segurança computacional; cultura das organizações envolvidas; e capacitação das pessoas envolvidas. Cada um destes fatores, conforme averiguado pelos resultados, trazem um conjunto de considerações que devem ser observadas pelo administrador público nas estratégias de implantação dos processos G2G.
Maleka, Dennis Mandla. "Should the public sector (central government) borrow domestically or offshore". University of the Western Cape, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7089.
Pełny tekst źródła1. Taxes are an important source of government revenue (income). A failure by the government to collect sufficient taxes to cover for its ever increasing expenditures, engenders fiscal problems. Amongst others the government is compelled to borrow to finance its budget short fall. In this instance, should the government borrow domestically or offshore to finance its short fall . 2. Amongst the theories discussed in this paper, are the views of the Neoclassical Keynesian and the Ricardi an schools of thought. Further more, South African theories on government debt are also discussed. 3. There is a considerably large number of indicators that can be used to determine an appropriate level of both domestic and foreign debt of a country. Certain well establish criteria such as the ratio of foreign interest payments to exports, the ratio of foreign debt to gross domestic product, the ratio of·govemment debt to gross domestic product and the ratio of foreign debt to exports, are amongst the pool of indicators that can be used. However, the following indicators have been identified as the most commonly used in the analysis of budget deficits, and they are; ratio of deficit before borrowing and debt repayment to GDP, the ratio of government debt to GDP, the ratio of interest payments to government expenditure, the level of real interest rates relative to economic growth and the net asset value or net worth of the government. 4. Deficit financing refer to the ways in which the budgetary gap is financed. Overreliance on domestic borrowing may mean high real interest rates and falling investment, and overreliance on foreign borrowing can cause appreciating real exchange rates and unsustainable external indebtedness, amongst others. 5. Amongst the available remedies for debt ills in this country, is the suggestion to significantly cut government expenditure. However, realities currently confronting the authorities, like the increase in public servants as a result of the abolishment of homelands and the constitutionally guaranteed employment of civil servants from the old order, automatically put pressure on public consumption. 6. On the international front, South Africa is underborrowed. In this regard favour should go more for offshore borrowing. Certainly South Africa has to generate the means of meeting debt obligations by running a surplus of exports over imports of goods and services. The bulk of the country's debt is of domestic origin which account for well over 90 % of total debt. The current anti inflationary monetary policy with its concomitant high interest rates, makes domestic borrowing more costly.
Liebrecht, Tanya Louise. "Inter-government Collaboration and the Policy Process: An assessment of Inter-government Collaboration in Central Queensland 2004 - 2006". Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367941.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
Al-Fares, Jamal. "Central tendering : an evaluation of the Kuwait experience". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7480.
Pełny tekst źródłaTomlinson, Isobel Jane. "Transforming British Organics : The Role of Central Government, 1980-2006". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487668.
Pełny tekst źródłaRussel, Duncan John. "Environmental policy appraisal in UK central government : a political analysis". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426987.
Pełny tekst źródłaKösecik, Muhammet. "Central-local government relations in the Thatcher years (1979-1990)". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390968.
Pełny tekst źródłaVasilevskaya, Marina. "The phenomenon of federalism division of authorities, intrastate stability, and international behavior /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaPinch, Philip Leslie. "Locality, local government and central government : restructuring, financial control and the local state in Reading and Swindon". Thesis, University of Reading, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.480551.
Pełny tekst źródłaWashington, Shakeesha K. Bailey L. Conner. "A comparative case study of regional Councils of Government in Central and East Alabama". Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Theses/Washington_Shakeesha_17.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaVincent, Jeremy. "Relations between central government and voluntary organisations in Scotland and England". Thesis, London South Bank University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618672.
Pełny tekst źródłaPongatichat, Panupak. "The alignment between performance measurement and strategy in central government agencies". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2005. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2601/.
Pełny tekst źródłaCarmichael, Paul. "Central-local government relations in the 1980s : Glasgow and Liverpool compared". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262030.
Pełny tekst źródłaElston, Thomas. "Reinterpreting agencies in UK central government : on meaning, motive and policymaking". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14045/.
Pełny tekst źródłaMARTINEZ, BARAHONA Elena. "Seeking the Political Role of the Third Government Branch: A comparative approach to high courts in Central America". Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/7931.
Pełny tekst źródłaExamining board: Prof. Pilar Domingo (Universidad de Salamanca) ; Prof. Carlo Guarnieri (Università di Bologna) ; Prof. Donatella Della Porta (European University Institute) ; Prof. Philippe C. Schmitter (European University Institute)(Supervisor)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
Until recently, Courts were not an important component of political science research on Latin America. The quantity of research on the judiciary does not compare even remotely to the vast literature on others institutions. However, despite the relative inattention to their role, courts are institutions whose performance has concrete and relevant effects on the socio-political system. Indeed, Courts have currently emerged as active participants in the political process offering new opportunities to citizens, social movements, interest groups, and politicians. Focusing on three countries of Central America (Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Guatemala), this dissertation illustrates how far the political system in these countries is shaped in significant ways by the role of Courts as political institutions. Throughout a comparative approach, this study offers what may be the first cross-national analysis explicitly designed to serve as a comprehensive measure of the political role of High Courts.
Hoffman, Barak Daniel. "Political accountability at the local level in Tanzania". Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3229904.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed October 11, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-232).
Hustedt, Thurid, i Jan Tiessen. "Central government coordination in Denmark, Germany and Sweden : an institutional policy perspective". Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/813/.
Pełny tekst źródłaAckiss, Jason R., i V. Pavan Balaji. "Analysis of United States Air Forces Central government purchase card reachback viability". Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10718.
Pełny tekst źródła[Administration]
This project investigates the viability of performing United States Air Forces Central (USAFCENT) government purchase card (GPC) purchases by utilizing reachback services. The study analyzed FY 2011 data to include the number of deployed contingency contracting officers (CCOs), GPC actions, and total contract actions at each Expeditionary Contracting Squadron. Using this data, models were developed that showed potential reductions in deployed CCOs if GPC actions were sent from USAFCENT area of responsibility to a stateside reachback cell. The study provides recommendations based on the potential reductions of deployed CCOs. One such recommendation is to stand up a test reachback cell. This cell will employ the recommended number of personnel developed by the models in this project..
Marcus, Kenneth H. "A question of privilege : élites and central government in Württemberg, 1495-1593". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272856.
Pełny tekst źródłaBOLLEYER, Nicole. "Internal government dynamics and the nature of intergovernmental relations : constraints and corridors of organizational adaptation in federal systems". Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/7039.
Pełny tekst źródłaExamining Board: Prof. Tanja A. Börzel (Free University of Berlin) ; Prof. Adrienne Héritier (European University Institute) ; Prof. Peter Mair (European University Institute) ; Prof. Alberta Sbragia (University of Pittsburgh)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
Over the past decades, governments have increasingly been confronted with problems that transcend their boundaries. A multitude of policy fields are affected, including environment, trade and security. Responding to the challenges triggered by Europeanization and globalization, governments increasingly interact across different spheres of authority. Both theoretically and empirically, the puzzle of institutional choice reflected by the variety of arrangements in which intergovernmental cooperation takes place inside individual countries and across their borders remains surprisingly under-explored. In an attempt to solve this puzzle, the dissertation tackles the following questions: Why are the intergovernmental arrangements governments set up to deal with boundary-crossing problems so different? To what extent do these institutional differences affect the effectiveness of intergovernmental cooperation? To address this gap theoretically and empirically, this book adopts a deductive, rationalist approach to institution-building. It argues that internal politics, the type of executive-legislative relations within the interacting governments, explains the nature of institutions set up to channel intergovernmental processes: while power-sharing governments engage in institution-building, power-concentrating governments avoid it. It also shows that these institutional choices matter for the output of intergovernmental cooperation. The approach is applied to Canada, Switzerland, the United States, and finally the European Union. Disaggregating individual government units, the theoretical approach reveals how intragovernmental micro-incentives drive macro-dynamics and thereby addresses the neglect of horizontal dynamics in multilevel systems. The willingness and capacity of lower-level governments to solve collective problems on their own and to oppose central encroachment are crucial to understand the power distribution in different systems and their long-term evolutions.
Barry, Janice Marie. "Building collaborative institutions for government-to-government planning : The Nanwakolas Council’s involvement in Central Coast Land and Resource Management Planning". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31717.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcDermott, E. "The accountability of audit in central government in Ireland : bridging any expectations gap". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679258.
Pełny tekst źródłaBabú, Priecha Achevincumar. "E-government : os cidadãos e os serviços electrónicos da Administração Pública Central Portuguesa". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8424.
Pełny tekst źródłaRESUMO Nos últimos 40 anos, o uso crescente das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação, principalmente da Internet, em toda parte do Mundo, tem vindo a trazer mudanças na vida das pessoas. Esta tendência gerou a necessidade dos Governos e das Administrações Públicas adoptarem no seu seio as novas tecnologias e beneficiarem das mesmas. EGovernment tem como objectivo aproximar os Governos e Administrações Públicas dos cidadãos, das empresas e das próprias estruturas internas da Administração para prestarem melhores serviços públicos, através dos serviços electrónicos. Portugal, comparado com outros países da União Europeia, apresenta níveis elevados de disponibilidade e sofisticação dos serviços públicos básicos electrónicos da administração pública central, no entanto, é necessário conhecer o uso e os proveitos que são retirados destes serviços. Assim, da abordagem directa (Inquéritos) posta em prática, reconheceram-se resultados que contribuem para um melhor conhecimento da perspectiva dos cidadãos de Loures.
ABSTRACT The twenty-first century, have marked the people’s life in everywhere in the world, because of the increasing use of Information Technologies and Communication, especially the Internet. This trend has generated the need for Governments and Public Administrations insert in his bosom new technologies and enjoy the same. E-Government aims to bring together Governments and Public Administrations of citizens, businesses and own internal structures to provide better public services through electronic services. Portugal, compared to other EU countries, has high levels of availability and sophistication of electronic basic public services however, it is necessary to know the use and income of these electronic services. Thus, this study will contribute to a better understanding of the perspective of the citizens of Loures, by conducting inquiry investigations and treatment for this purpose.
Cha, Jong Hyuk. "Performance of public sector information systems projects : the case of UK Central Government". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/performance-of-public-sector-information-systems-projects-the-case-of-uk-central-government(9fbd1f66-1c68-47d3-a9ea-f1e296ba5406).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaTeichgräber, Martin H. (Martin Hubert). "Political Parties in Central America: A Reassessment". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500670/.
Pełny tekst źródłaJohnson, Kevin. "Subnational economic development in federal systems : the case of Western Australia". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0014.
Pełny tekst źródłaKrantz, Tobias. "Makten över regionen en idékritisk studie av svensk regiondebatt, 1963-1996 /". Uppsala : [Distribution, Uppsala University Library], 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/50192677.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaCORVO, LUIGI. "Performance management in the public sector: an analysis of italian central government and a comparison of italian and flemish local government". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/203355.
Pełny tekst źródłaLin, Chia-ju, i 林家如. "Accessibility of Governmental Websites - An Evaluation on the Central Government Agencies". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10772399898981168603.
Pełny tekst źródła世新大學
行政管理學研究所(含博、碩專班)
91
The Internet has emerged as one of the most prevalent forms of communication media. Gathering and sharing of Electronic information are becoming essential elements of modern life. Access to the Internet largely decides whether of not one can survive the increasingly turbulent and networked world. Therefore, it is important to ensure that everyone has equal opportunity to benefit from the Web sites, especially those of the governments. While there is an increasing portion of people with disabilities in the society due to the demographic trends long documented by many research, the government leaders have paid little attention to their needs when planning and implementing Web projects. If the ignorance continues, people with disabilities will be even more disadvantaged since acquiring knowledge is much easier now for the other people. This study is intended to provide an in-depth evaluation on the Web sites of Taiwan's central government based on the Web Accessibility Guidelines (WAI) provided by W3C. Based on the WAI indicators, the authors carefully studied and coded each individual Web site of the central governmental agencies. The coding results indicate that the government Web sites in general have made many of the mistakes as predicted. Among the most problematic are, the
Liu, Shu-ling, i 劉淑鈴. "The Optimal Central Government Debt in Taiwan". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14719099587218981230.
Pełny tekst źródła逢甲大學
財稅學系
104
This study uses time series data for empirical analysis to explore the optimal public debt ratio of central government in the pursuit of maximizing economic growth. The research sample is taken from data during years 1976-2014. In an empirical model, a linear equation is used to describe the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate in terms of the public debt ratio of central government, square of public debt ratio of central government, and total value of money supply (M2) growth rate, growth rate of unemployment rate, and growth rate of government capital expenditures, thereby deriving the optimal public debt ratio. The results showed that at 1% significant level, Central government public debt ratio to gross domestic product growth rate in real terms of regression coefficient is positive, the ratio of the square of the regression coefficient is negative. It is derived that the optimal public debt ratio of central government in terms of nominal GDP is 18.59%. The public debt ratio of central government in 2015 is 35.6% which by far exceeding this ratio, indicating the issue of public debt is extremely urgent. Government should really thoroughly review such problem and carefully handle it.
吳美玲. "The perception of outsourcingin central government officers". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27450462905088549063.
Pełny tekst źródła國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
98
Outsourcing services is an important business strategy to promote administrative reform and reinventing for many governments in recent years. The privatization of government business is to streamline human resources and improve its finance. In fact, outsourcing services not only helps to resolve the "double Central Dilemma "(Catch-22Situation) issue, but also improves the efficiency and quality of government services. Under this strategy, the executive branch actors from central government become supervisors and, private businesses, in charge of the actual implementation of those policies. Outsourcing can solve many problems within an organization, but may also create new risks for the organization.Therefore, organizations must consider their characteristics and environmental contexts to produce the maximum benefit and ensure that outsourcing services matches their strategic objectives. Purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of labor outsourcing from central government. We designed questionnaires to get feedback from the officals from these authorities. We applied computer statistical software SPSS for Window 12.0 version on this survey data. In all dimensions of performance measurement indicators, "professional quality dimensions," gets the highest average, followed by "the overall efficiency of dimension", and "satisfaction with the outcome dimensions of" gets the least attention of all. In the discrepancy analysis on importance cognition under different samples, the target varies with the sex, age, rank, department, year in service, and has outsourcing business or not. By Performance Indicators, we have done an empirical research based on the officals from central government to extracting out the cognitive situation of the importance of performance indicators from officials viewpoint. This result can be used as a reference to apply outsourcing in central government.It can help to cost less but have higher performance or higher return on investment to remedy the current defects. This result can also be used for the performance measures to improve the overall competitiveness of our government.
Li-MinChang i 張莉敏. "Determinants of Taiwan's Central Government Debt Balance". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38172259932578879975.
Pełny tekst źródła國立成功大學
財務金融研究所碩士在職專班
102
Determinants of Taiwan's central government debt balance Li Min Chang Dr. TsingZai C. Wu Graduate Institute of Finance , National Cheng Kung University SUMMARY The study is focusing on the factors affecting the central government debt balance. The variables are the real GDP, and the main revenues and expenditures of the central government. The model used is Least Squares Regression Model. The study indicates the following: the central government debt balance has a positive correlation with real GDP, educational/scientific/cultural expenditures and the new pension fund expenditure, while the central government debt balance has a negative correlation with national defense expenditures. The biggest fiscal problem of our nation is the inflexibility of our expenditure structure. As a result, the resolution is to prevent excessive tax reduction and to raise funds from various sources. In terms of public expenditure, the government shall elevate the efficiency of policy implementation and avoid unnecessary expenditures so as to efficiently solve the current fiscal difficulty. Key words:Government Debt Balance,GDP,Revenues,Expenditures INTERODUCTION The crisis of Euro debts in 2009 brings up the economic recession in the world. The public starts paying attention to the credit of nations. The fiscal deficit of Taiwan is on the peak. People begin worried about whether Taiwan will become next Greece. Finance is the foundation of public affairs; therefore, sound finance will make the macroeconomics development of a nation smooth and increase the competitive edge of a nation. Therefore, we begin thinking what are the primary factors that affect the government debts. The study focuses on the central government and tries to find out the factors that affect the government debt balance so as to improve the fiscal difficulty of the central government. Eisner and Pieper (1987) researched based on the samples of the US and 34 countries from OECD during the period of 1973 to 1988. E Al-Khedair(1996), by adopting multiple regression analysis, researched based on the samples of G7 during the period of 1964 to 1993. The studies indicated that budget deficit has a positive correlation with economic growth. Karagol and Sezgin (2004), by adopting Probit model, analyzed the relationship between national defense expenditures and public debt of Turkey during the period of 1955 to 2000. Kolias et al.(2004), by adopting multiple regression analysis, analyzed the relationship between national defense expenditures and public debt of Greece during the period of 1960 to 2001. Their studies indicated that national defense expenditures have a positive correlation with public debt. The study looks into the factors determining the central government debt balance. The period covered by the study is 34 years ranging from 1980 to 2013. The dependent variables are the central government debt balance. The independent variables are real GDP, expenditures for education, science & culture, expenditures for national defense, expenditures for social welfare, expenditures for retirement and condolence, expenditures for economic development, revenues form taxes, surplus of public enterprises, revenues from properties and fees and revenues from fines. The model used is the Least Squares Regression Model. The study indicates the following: the central government debt balance has a positive correlation with real GDP, educational/scientific/cultural expenditures and the new pension fund expenditure, while the central government debt balance has a negative correlation with national defense expenditures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The primary independent variables of the study are as follows; (1) Real GDP: The base period is 2006. The real GDP is calculated by taking into account the deflators and inflation. (2) Expenditures for education, science & culture: Educational investment is a kind of human resource investment which is advantageous to elevating the national competitive edge. Our government always emphasize on compiling educational budget. (3) Expenditures for new pension fund: The public service pension fund will pay for the public servants who are on board after July 1, 1995 and the public servants opting for the old pension fund who accumulated service years after the new pension fund comes into effect. (4) Expenditures for national defense: National defense is the protection of national security. Therefore, expenditures for national defense always play an important role for governmental expenditures. The study method adopted is the Least Squares Regression Model. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The study indicates the following: The government debt balance (1) has a positive correlation with GDP to the extent of 1%, i.e., the positive correlation is within our expectation; (2) has a positive correlation with expenditures for education, science & culture to the extent of 10%, i.e., the positive correlation is within our expectation; (3) has a positive correlation with expenditures for new pension fund to the extent of 5%, i.e., the positive correlation is within our expectation; and (4) has a negative correlation with expenditures for national defense to the extent of 5%, i.e., the negative correlation is within our expectation. The correlation with other variables is not noticeable. CONCLUSION The central government debt balance has a positive correlation with real GDP. This is because the government expands public construction expenditures for recent years. Although the policy improves economic growth, it makes the central government debt go up. E expenditures for education, science & culture and expenditures for new pension funds have a positive correlation with the government debt balance. This is because after customary expenditures are increasing, customary revenue surplus that may be applied to capital expenditures is decreasing. In order to maintain capital expenditures, the government raises debts to respond. The central government debt balance has a negative correlation with expenditures for national defense. This is because the expenditures for national defense out of the central government total expenditures are decreasing due to the fact that the tense of the Taiwan Strait is easing up and the policy of the government is changing.
Tsai, Mei-Nar, i 蔡美娜. "A Study on Fiscal Transparency of Central Government". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94160817310878161411.
Pełny tekst źródła臺灣大學
政治學研究所
96
In 1990s, after the Mexican Peso crisis and the Asian Financial crisis, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) both recognized that one of the key aspects for good governance is to increase fiscal transparency. Therefore, these two international organizations successively constructed overall frameworks to strengthen government''s financial disclosure. On the contrary, in Taiwan, the imbalance of fiscal information is not only less weighted than the unbalance budget, but also reveals the problems of government''s financial bases, which may additionally increase the budget deficit. This research applies the public choice theory to review the government failure in Taiwan''s domestic fiscal information, and the interaction relations among main budget decision-makers that including the public, interest groups, political figures and bureaucrats. Thereafter, comparing Taiwan''s current information disclosure policies with OECD’s Best Practices for Budget Transparency, IMF’s The Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency, and The Government Financial Statistics Manual 2001. Furthermore, by adopting 17 measurement criteria from the result of 2007 OECD Budget Practices and Procedures survey, I take further step to construct and grade fiscal information transparency index among leading countries and Taiwan. My research finds that in the study of year 2007 along with covering 38 countries, Taiwan only receives 7 points out of 17 in the fiscal information transparency index grade, far behind her rival nation South Korea with 10.75 points ranking in the 11th. Taiwan has obvious fiscal information gaps mainly in the following areas, including the vague definitions of government sectors, the incomplete report regarding the size of government''s spending, the Public Debt Act''s statistics connotations do not follow international standards, lacking of properly stating the fiscal risks, discontinuing the medium-term fiscal extrapolations, and the reading disability in annual budget documentations and audited report due to its complex contents. In order to improve Taiwan''s fiscal information disclosure mechanics, my suggestions are, first, considering editing a consolidated fiscal report of the central government that clearly defines the category of the government sector. Secondly, following the international definition to redefine the Public Debt Act and appropriately expressing key fiscal risks. Thirdly, abolishing the special budget or specifically pointing out its criteria, further severely examining, eliminating or merging the non-profit special funds. Fourthly, continuing to issue the medium-term fiscal extrapolations and publishing related economic assumptions. Fifthly, bringing the long-term fiscal report regularly, and assessing the budgetary implications of demographic change. Sixthly, guiding government''s accounting system toward to the accrual basis and adding the long-term liabilities and fixed assets into the Balance Sheet. Seventhly, publishing the guidebook to read budget and the easy reading version of the annual budget and final account reports. Last but not least, continuing to adopt the information technology in preparing the government''s budget and accounting tasks. For doing so, it will not only reducing the cost for disclosure information but is also one of the important links to improve the fiscal information disclosure system.
Tan, Tsung-Pao, i 譚宗保. "The Research of Central Government Organizational Law Change". Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42925740412522269129.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺灣大學
政治學系研究所
86
The research is aim to analyze the change of central government organization al law. The purpose of this study is to provide an objective view by discussi ng two law change projects. Hopfully with this study we will find out the adve ntage and limits of the change projects.Then,provide the applicable policy sug gestions of the inventing government.
Hu, Chao-tien, i 胡照典. "A Study on the Liabilities of Central Government". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96001440304974640740.
Pełny tekst źródła國立雲林科技大學
會計系碩士班
101
Taiwan has become one of the zero-external-debt country after paying the last external-debt U.S $238.2 thousand (approximately N.T $ 7,050,000) on September 15th,2011. But,by the end of January,2013,the Ministry of Finance showed the latest debt news on its’website. Over one-year outstanding public debt was N.T. $ 5,094.5 billion and the short-term outstanding public debt was N.T.$ 285 billion. Everyone afford the debt N.T.$231 thousand.It seems that the rate hadn’t exceed of outstanding public debt to GNP,but add the contingent debt must exceed the rate of outstanding public debt to GNP. The Central Government General Budget of 2013 edited by The Execute Yuan showed the disclosure of government-contingent-debt and non-government-contingent-debt in Financial Statement since 2009. By the end of July,2012,every government predict the contingent debt was N.T. $ 14,905.2 billion,that was 2.9 times the over one-year outstanding public debt in January,2013. How to control the outstanding public debt and the contingent debt and avoid bankruptcy crisis are key issues.
Hung, An-pae, i 洪安培. "Analysis of Central Government Efficiency and Equality Tendencies in Determining Financial Allocations for Local Governments". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23907517580235796576.
Pełny tekst źródła東吳大學
經濟學系
94
A critical issue confronting local government finances is the lack of quantity and unevenness in distribution. Disputes over the allocation of Central Government’s grants to local governments have always been a particular source of contention as well. If efficiency is represented by overall maximum growth in the national income, while equality is defined by the average amount of financial resources allocated to each person in each region, then the issue we wish to discuss is whether Taiwan’s Central Government tends towards efficiency or equality in its distribution of grants to local governments. In this study by Behrman and Craig Model we intend to examine the situation in regard to grants in Taiwan over the past twenty years to see how much the average amount of grants per person compares to the increase in each person’s average income, as well as how much the Central Government favors particular regions due to their regional characteristics. In terms of grants, the Central Government exhibits a clear aversion to inequality, indicating that equality is its basic consideration. When it comes to distribution of the Centrally Allocated Tax Revenues, aversion of inequality is not detected, indicating that efficiency is a more important consideration. In addition, regional variables lead to unequal concern about how the Central Government allocates funding to local governments, such as education at the college level and above.
簡佑珊. "Determinants of Grants from Central Government to Local Government in Taiwan—Spatial Econometric Analysis". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5cbe96.
Pełny tekst źródłaChen, I.-Hua, i 陳奕樺. "The Study on General Accounting System of Government in R.O.C:The Case of Central Government". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89655454025591938248.
Pełny tekst źródła逢甲大學
公共政策所
94
The general accounting report of the government is the financial language of a government; externally, it can comprehensively demonstrate the integral policy performance of the government; internally, it can act as the sign-post to evaluate the past and the plan for the future. Though the general accounting system of our central government has long been stipulated since 1931; the central government remain unable today to conduct regulations according to the system by submitting monthly accounting reports on their organization or fund unil budget as original evidence to conduct accounting procedures and complete general accounting report, which will act to provide useful information for financial decision making. Acting otherwise, the general accounting information of our central government is not functioning as it should to help deal with managing financial information. As result, when the situation of levels government worsens and comparative resources get less, it is necessary that the general accounting system managing the entirety of the government financial resources has to be realized and implemented. In view of it, this study is conducted to investigate the reasons why the general accounting system of our central government cannot be realized, and it is hoped to construe a feasible accounting system for our central government . This study is based on “Central General Accounting System” as its object of study. First of all, it will conduct a comprehensive study on the content of system, clarify defects of the system, work along with site inspection, and appreciate the situation of actual operation of current general accounting of the central government against current regulation and system. As being indicated in the questionnaire survey as well as taking present accounting professionals as its objective of investigation, it will explore the problems confronted by these professionals in practice, content of the system, and their opinions about re-stipulating current general accounting system with the central government. It is found from the research results that the scope of implementation of the general accounting system of the central government, system structure, definition of accounting subject, and the part of illustration of sub-directory are either be in a catch situation. Furthermore, since this system has not been reviewed in coordination with development and pulses of the times, it has, in reality, become obstruction to implementation, especially those listed examples of interpretation for the sub-directory of the system as it is unlikely for one to learn as why is there occurrence of loan from the static balance sheet of each subject from the organization budget or funding? It is the gemeral accounting system of the central government stands as the primary and crucial factor so that it cannot be realized. Based on the results of the study, comments and recommendations would be put forth, aside from areas of inappropriateness, uncertainty, and inconsistency from the content of system, and render resolution by proposing “accounting trail balance of the organization or fund of unil budget” regarding the unworkable parts of the illustration in the sub-directory. Then example of interpretation is conducted to confirm its feasibility, in the hope of furnishing current government accounting system to achieve the workability of theory with practice so that the financial management function of accounting information can be well demonstrated.
"七八年後的中央地方關係以及其政治意涵". 1998. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889533.
Pełny tekst źródła本論文於1997年9月15日呈交.
論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 1998.
附參考文獻
中英文摘要.
Ling Youshi.
Chapter 第一章 --- 緖論
Chapter 第一節 --- 本論文的研究焦點與研究目的 --- p.1
Chapter 第二節 --- 文獻回顧 --- p.8
Chapter 第三節 --- 本論文主要內容 --- p.21
Chapter 第四節 --- 系統論及其在本論文中的應用 --- p.25
Chapter 第五節 --- 歷史制度學派及其在本論文中的應用 --- p.30
Chapter 第六節 --- 本論文研究範疇(Scope) --- p.34
Chapter 第七節 --- 本論文的資料來源 --- p.39
Chapter 第二章 --- 中國政治系統的意識形態與政治文化 --- p.40
Chapter 第一節 --- 蘇維埃國家的意識形態與政治文化 --- p.42
Chapter 第二節 --- 政治文化與中央地方關係 --- p.49
Chapter 第三節 --- 經濟改革與政治改革對政治文化的影響 --- p.55
Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.58
Chapter 第三章 --- 中國政治系統的權力結構-中央政府與地方政府 --- p.61
Chapter 第一節 --- 分工性地方分權 --- p.64
Chapter 第二中 --- 央集權的立法體制 --- p.68
Chapter 第三節 --- 中央政府對地方政府的授權方式 --- p.71
Chapter 第四節 --- 民主集中制的廣泛應用 --- p.73
Chapter 第五節 --- 「條條」與「塊塊」 --- p.84
Chapter 第六節 --- 體制改革與權力結構 --- p.88
Chapter 第七節 --- 小結 --- p.96
Chapter 第四章 --- 中國政治系統的權力結構- 共產黨對地方政府的領導 --- p.98
Chapter 第一節 --- 政治、思想組織的領導 --- p.99
Chapter 第二節 --- 組織的領導一地方黨委和黨組 --- p.103
Chapter 第三節 --- 人事方面的領導一「黨管幹部」 --- p.109
Chapter 第四節 --- 政治體制改革對「共產黨領導」的影響 --- p.114
Chapter 第五節 --- 改革開放後加強黨的領導 --- p.121
Chapter 第六節 --- 小結 --- p.131
Chapter 第五章 --- 政治系統的秩序與凝聚力的來源-集團政治 --- p.132
Chapter 第一節 --- 對兩個有關中央控制地方的研究的補充 --- p.136
Chapter 第二節 --- 共產黨作為一個「集團」在政治分析上的重要性 --- p.139
Chapter 第三節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的出身背景 --- p.144
Chapter 第四節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的仕進模式 --- p.153
Chapter 第五節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的交叉任職 --- p.163
Chapter 第六節 --- 在經濟建設的同時加強黨的建設 --- p.170
Chapter 第七節 --- 小結 --- p.176
Chapter 第六章 --- 經濟管理權下放的意涵及影響 --- p.178
Chapter 第一節 --- 權力下放在整個政治系統裡的意義 --- p.179
Chapter 第二節 --- 八〇年代下放的經濟管理權 --- p.184
Chapter 第三節 --- 經濟管理權下放後的地方現象 --- p.189
Chapter 第四節 --- 從地方投資行為看地方利益的性質 --- p.193
Chapter 第五節 --- 地方問題的成因及其根本解決 --- p.200
Chapter 第六節 --- 小結 --- p.211
Chapter 第七章 --- 地方分歧的典型個案 --- p.212
Chapter 第一節 --- 七八年後中央處理地方分歧的原則 --- p.213
Chapter 第二節 --- 上海要求調整財稅分成 --- p.216
Chapter 第三節 --- 八五年海南汽車倒賣事件 --- p.222
Chapter 第四節 --- 葉選平邀集各省代表反對中央經濟緊縮政策 --- p.229
Chapter 第五節 --- 小結 --- p.237
Chapter 第八章 --- 全文總結 --- p.239
參考文獻 --- p.254
中文文獻 --- p.254
英文文獻 --- p.262
附表 --- p.274
KE-SHIN, LIN, i 林可欣. "Operational Efficiency on Proprietary Funds of the Central Government". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46011307373360217343.
Pełny tekst źródła淡江大學
會計學系
91
The proprietary funds, which belong to central government, are settled as businesses organizations according to economic construction, social development and multi-public affairs organizations. However, these funds are not easy for public to oversee, due to their variety and complicated businesses that are not easy to go deep into. Finally, many defects are arousing. Besides, the funds bring many defects all the time, for the management of these funds are only focus on budget-achieved, but neglect to control cost and to use the resource efficiently. The operational efficiency of the proprietary funds should be raised and looked upon, especially when the financial of our government is getting tough. The purpose of this research is for judge how the funds are operating and inspect the relative efficiency among the funds. We analyze the operation from 87 to 90 of the 13 funds based upon the DEA model. We try to develop an objective formula to estimate the overall efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency for each fund. The results will become reference for future distribution. Besides, in order to prove that the DEA model is suitable to analyze these multi-input and multi-output non-benefit organizations, we draw back the range of the funds to add the relative similarity. We take the 10 airports, which belong to CAA Operating Fund as the research sample for discuss the operating efficiency. Finally, in order to mark up for the defect that DEA model cannot make beyond yearly analyze, we adapt Malmquist productivity index to make long-term analyze and to compare for realizing how the technique and efficiency changes. According to the result: 1.First, in accordance with the proprietary fundsWe examine the percentage of business plans carry-out working, and then find that there are 2 efficient funds and 3 more inefficient funds during the sampling survey. The inefficient result depends upon pure technical inefficiency. Refer to productivity changes, there are only 3 funds’ productivity raise within 3 years when we compare with those of 87’ year. The other funds have unstable productivity changes. Second, when we estimate the operating revenue condition of each fund, there are only 2 efficient funds and 2 more inefficient funds during the sampling survey. When we compare with the funds in 87’, there are 4 funds with raised productivity, the other funds with declined producticity. The decrease of productivity depends upon pure technical inefficiency and scale inefficiency. 2.Refer to airports, which belong to CAA Operating FundDuring the sampling survey, there are 4 funds efficient each year, the other are inefficient, which are caused by both pure technical inefficiency and scale inefficiency. Regarding to productivity changes, in 88’ year, only 7 airports have raise productivity. During the rest 2 years, all airports have declined productivity. Technical retrogression is the main reason, which leads to productivity decline.
XIANG, LIU WEN, i 劉文祥. "Pay Flexibility in the U.K. and U.S. Central Government". Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37864767493071102834.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺灣大學
政治學研究所
90
The reform of pay systems in the public service has been motivated both by the search for increased flexibility in pay and employment and by the desire to contain the public sector pay bill. The OECD countries have been experimenting variety of public pay reform since 1980''s, including decentralizing, performance-related pay, broadbanding, etc. This thesis aims to analyze the types of pay-determining mechanism and pay reform measures in the OECD countries. Specific countries include the United Kingdom and the United States. Their experiences will be categorized and further analyzed to establish an effective comparison with the institutional framework of this country. Five main aspects have been chosen to classify the different pay systems: (1) decentralization of pay determination; (2) pay band; (3) annual pay-bill adjustment; (4) pay negotiation (collective bargaining); (5) individual performance-based pay. With the resulting analysis, the ROC government, in its way of restructuring the democratized regime, can learn to establish a competitive public service that recruit and retain competent and adequate public employees.