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1
Chudinova, Lyudmila, i Sergei Podkovalnikov. "Strategic cooperation of electric power systems of Russia and Central Asia for the creation of common Eurasian electric power space". E3S Web of Conferences 139 (2019): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913901003.
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The paper considers electric power integration projects realized and to be implemented on the territory of Eurasia, that include Russia and countries of Central Asia, neighboring regions of Caucasus, South Asia, and others. Studies are focused on the effectiveness of electric power integration of electric power systems of Russia and Central Asia in the long-term perspective, with account of electric ties with neighboring countries.
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Mustafa, Ahmed Shamil, Mohamed Muthanna Al-Heeti i Mustafa Maad Hamdi. "A new approach for smart electric meter based on Zigbee". Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, nr 2 (1.04.2022): 722–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i2.3198.
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A smart meter is an electronic device that accurately tracks your energy consumption and transmits that data to your energy provider so that you can be billed. The smart meters allow the central system and the meter to communicate in both directions. This two-way communication feature distinguishes the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in this case from automatic meter reading (AMR). This paper employs a hybrid system based on the Zigbee protocol, the Zigbee used to send messages between the smart meter and the utility company. To successfully complete tasks in this scenario, a cooperative communication system utilizing TDMA is used. The outcomes of Zigbee performance are measured using well-known metrics, also known as performance metrics. Many performance indicators have been chosen for performance evaluation: throughput, average end-to-end delivery ratio, and (PDR). The following conclusions were reached: End-to-end latency was 5.01 milliseconds, throughput was 42.63 kbps, and PDR was 97.19 percent. The network simulator successfully reads and wirelessly transmits voltage or power consumption using the Zigbee protocol and a cooperative communication system.
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Phani Kumar, K. S. V., Vinay Kumar Awaar, Venkateshwarlu Sonnati, K. Mahammad Rafi i Gopal Krishna. "Power Quality Improvement and Sustainable operation in A Standalone Micro Grid by Regulating Frequency in A Deregulated Market". E3S Web of Conferences 430 (2023): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343001011.
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Cooperative decision-making has always benefited from achieving objectives subjected to system constraints in a microgrid. This paper considers the power balance between generation and load as a significant power quality issue. Hence, frequency regulation is regarded as a primary challenge in the system. When the system operator works towards profit for the power producer, an integrated operation provides a solution. The sources considered in this system are Solar PhotoVoltaics (SPV), FuelCells (FC), Diesel Generators (DG) and Battery driven Electric Vehicles (BEV), where the BEVs operate in Vehicle microgrid mode. A central controller and local controllers are present to operate the generators at desired levels. A cascaded fuzzy controller is designed that chooses the best suitable BEV to be connected to the microgrid. The system is implemented in a MATLAB Simulation environment, and various scenarios and cases have been considered for evaluating the system response and its sustainability.
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Leksyutina, Yana V. "China in Central Asia’s “Green” Energy Sector". Problemy Dalnego Vostoka, nr 2 (15.12.2024): 144–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0131281224020115.
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Over the past few years, China has been increasingly active in promoting solar, wind, small hydropower and other clean technologies (from electric vehicles to smart grids) in Central Asia, where demand for a green transformation is high and the potential for clean energy is enormous. Beijing’s involvement in the development of the renewable energy industry in the region is intended to strengthen China’s international image as a responsible great power promoting the green transition, promote the implementation of Chinese rules, norms and standards in the field of clean energy, and expand the export opportunities of Chinese manufacturers of green equipment and technologies (including the so-called “three new products”— photovoltaic products, electric vehicles and lithium-ion batteries), open up new opportunities to meet China’s energy needs. The article focuses on cooperation between China and Central Asian countries in such areas as the development of solar and wind energy. The article demonstrates the interest convergence of the parties in the development of clean energy, determines the role, scale and forms of China’s participation in the promotion of solar and wind energy in the region.It is concluded that at the present stage, China’s role in financing solar and wind energy projects in the region is limited (especially in comparison with the scale of financing coming from multilateral development banks and national development and international cooperation agencies of Western countries), while the presence of Chinese companies as contractors and equipment suppliers in the construction of solar and wind power plants in Central Asia is very significant.
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Yoo, Kyungjin, i Seth Blumsack. "The Political Complexity of Regional Electricity Policy Formation". Complexity 2018 (5.12.2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3493492.
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The integration of renewable power supplies into existing electrical grids, or other major technology transitions in electric power, is a complex sociotechnical process. While the technical challenges are well-understood, the process of adapting electricity policy and market rules to these new technologies is understudied. Planning and market rules are a critical determinant of the technical success of renewable energy integration efforts and the financial viability of renewable energy investments. Organizational adaptation can be particularly complex in electric power, where transmission grids cross multiple political boundaries and decisions are made not by central authorities or governments, but in cooperative regional frameworks that must accommodate many divergent interests. We add to a recently emerging literature on the governance of regional organizations that plan and operate electric power grids by developing and illustrating a novel approach to the study of political power in multistakeholder electricity organizations. We use semistructured interviews with participants in a specific regional electric grid authority, the PJM Regional Transmission Operator in the Mid-Atlantic United States, to elicit perceptions of where tensions arise in stakeholder-driven processes for changing PJM’s rules and perceptions of those groups of stakeholders that possess political power. We treat these perceptions as hypotheses that can be evaluated empirically using five years of data from PJM on how stakeholders voted on a wide variety of regional electricity policy issues. Representing voting behavior as a network, we use a community detection method to identify strong coalitions of stakeholders in PJM that provide support for some stakeholder perceptions of political power and refute other perceptions. The degree distribution of the voting network exhibits a fat tail relative to those in other canonical graph models. We show, using relatively simple network metrics including degree, betweenness, and the mixing parameter, that the reason for this fat tail in the degree distribution is the existence of “swing” voters in RTO stakeholder networks. These voters are identifiable in the tail of the degree distribution of the voting network and are influential in pushing highly contentious rule change proposals towards passage or failure. The method we develop is generalizable to other contexts and provides a new framework for the study of regional electricity policy formation.
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Yang, Ting, Feng Zhai, Jialin Liu, Meng Wang i Haibo Pen. "Self-organized cyber physical power system blockchain architecture and protocol". International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14, nr 10 (październik 2018): 155014771880331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147718803311.
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The state parameters of electrical equipment and power system control parameters are the key data to realize the precise control and cooperative autonomy of a cyber physical power system. The trustworthiness of the data is the primary condition to guarantee the electric power system’s safe and reliable operation. In the traditional centralized data acquisition and management architecture, the security and trustworthiness completely depend on the central main server. A small mistake in the main server will result in data loss, which is irreversible and fatal. Blockchain technique combines the dispersed data with mutual backup and retrieval mechanism, which guarantees that the data cannot be tampered with and forged privately. Based on the blockchain technology, this article proposes a novel data trustworthy acquisition model with high credibility, applied to a self-organized cyber physical power system. In order to overcome the long time-consuming process of building traditional blockchains, a new on-demand data transmission routing algorithm with M/M/1/k queuing model is proposed in this article. Different scales of IEEE standard bus systems are employed as experimental examples to evaluate the algorithm’s performance. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively shorten the time consumption of blockchain construction and realize the data trustworthiness of cyber physical power system.
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Afzal, Awais, Khyzer Bin Dost, Ehsan Bhutta i Syed Adnan Ali. "The Role of Job Stress on Employee Motivation and Performance in the Electric Power Organization of Pakistan". Review of Economics and Development Studies 6, nr 4 (31.12.2020): 759–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/reads.v6i4.276.
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The aim of these studies that decreases the stress factors and improve the motivational level and performance of the organization. Job stress creates the role conflict, lake of feedback, unregularly, disordering, psychological and physical effect. In this study, we minimize the stress level and improve the motivational level and performance. The questioners have distributed among employee contribution the information of the seniors, graduate employee, including customer’s service and manager of a well-reputed rising organization in Pakistan. The 300 questioners distributed response of questioner was 255 the information was got through the close-ended questionnaire. The statistical test of regression, correlation, reliability were also measured. The significances are remarkable with the negative correlation between job stress and motivation and disclose that job stress prominently shortens the motivation of a specific. The consequences propose to the organization that they have maintained a very healthy cooperative and amicable atmosphere within the group for best motivation. In this study, the author was limited by a low response rate. Shortage of time which has been defined to deal this study is very limited for the collection of lots of data and this is the limitation which has to be parted with the central academic task which concluded and getting ready in confronted discussion and trials. The carelessness answerable people to answer the questioner in the proses of gathering knowledge information and data. It is the main issue in offering the requirements efforts for the investigated information. Few answerable people did not help the investigator in the time information data and knowledge collection and assembling. The consequences are remarkable with the negative correlation between job stress and motivation and disclose that job stress prominently shortens the motivation of a specific. The consequences propose to the institution that they have maintained a very healthy cooperative and amicable atmosphere within the group for best motivation. The value of this study is to disclose stress full and motivational elements for the workers in the organization. So to complete this purpose further sub-objective are maintained to find out the element that can cause job stress and elements that can motivate the workers' institution and highlight the influence of job stress and availability of motivational elements on the performance of the workers in the organization.
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Zhuo, Yang, Wang Ju i Tang Jie. "Research on Supply Chain Cooperation Optimization Model of Electric Heating Market Replacing Traditional Coal Power Generation". Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, nr 6 (3.11.2021): 5824–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.64.
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Objectives: The rapid development of central heating service in China mostly uses fossil fuels such as coal for production. The market competitiveness of new energy such as wind and solar energy to replace coal to produce heat energy for heating is relatively poor. Under the multiple requirements of energy security, ambient air quality and low carbon, electric heating is practicable because of its flexible use, adapts to the differential demand of consumers for heat, which energy supply can improve efficiency with the progress of power generation technology and so on. On the basis of case study data and results of residential users, companies and public buildings adopting electric heating technology, the analysis of consumer demand, supply chain structure and market relationship in China's electric heating market, this paper discusses the supply chain cooperation model by using revenue sharing contract mode. The results show that the performance of the benefit sharing ratio in the data simulation is acceptable when the revenue sharing contract is used in the supply chain. This model can promote the spontaneous and effective operation of the market, and help the local government in China to get rid of the embarrassment of the continuous subsidy.
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Ionova, E. "The Vectors of Economic Cooperation between Uzbekistan and China". Russia and New States of Eurasia, nr 1 (2024): 160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2073-4786-2024-1-160-173.
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Located in the center of Central Asia, Uzbekistan has become an important link in Beijing’s transport and logistics projects developed within the framework of the Chinese “One Belt, One Road” initiative. After Sh.Mirziyoyev came to power in the republic in 2016, there was an intensification of cooperation between the two countries, which contributed to the transformation of China into the main trading partner and investor of Uzbekistan. Based on the results of meetings between the leaders of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2023-2024. agreements were concluded that significantly strengthened the Chinese presence in the Uzbek economy and humanitarian sphere. Currently, one of the priorities of economic cooperation between the two countries is the electric power industry, with a special role being given to China’s assistance in the development of “green energy” in Uzbekistan. The growing dependence on China, and not only economic, limits the multi-vector foreign policy that Uzbekistan and other Central Asian countries have proclaimed.
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Shandilya, Smita, Zdzislaw Szymanski, Shishir Kumar Shandilya, Ivan Izonin i Krishna Kant Singh. "Modeling and Comparative Analysis of Multi-Agent Cost Allocation Strategies Using Cooperative Game Theory for the Modern Electricity Market". Energies 15, nr 7 (23.03.2022): 2352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072352.
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The electrical market scenario has changed drastically in the last decade. In the presence of increased competition and less tolerant players, more sophisticated methods are required to balance the diversity and differential pricing while promoting cooperation among the agents. In the monopolistic environment, the central utility incurred the total cost of the transmission expansion. But as the current scenario demands, there are several public and private market players. The growth will benefit all the players, so the total cost in transmission expansion can be divided among players as per the benefit received by each player. In this paper, a transmission system expansion planning problem in the cooperative environment using cooperative game theory (CGT) is framed for the power sector, in which various players can cooperate in a coordinated manner to maximize their benefit but ultimately strengthen the power grid. In this paper, we have modeled, analyzed and compared various cost allocation methods of cooperative game theory specifically for the cost allocation in a transmission expansion planning problem. The present work focuses on forming coalitions to calculate the costs using the forward search and frog leap optimization approach. We have compared the SCRB, BSV, ENSC, and ACA methods for transmission expansion planning while attempting to satisfy the axioms. We have also observed that bilateral Shapely value efficiently allocated the costs due to its decentralized approach and the sequencing of coalition formations to achieve the best possible cost allocations.
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Molina-Tenorio, Yanqueleth, Alfonso Prieto-Guerrero, Rafael Aguilar-Gonzalez i Miguel Lopez-Benitez. "Cooperative Multiband Spectrum Sensing Using Radio Environment Maps and Neural Networks". Sensors 23, nr 11 (30.05.2023): 5209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115209.
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Cogitive radio networks (CRNs) require high capacity and accuracy to detect the presence of licensed or primary users (PUs) in the sensed spectrum. In addition, they must correctly locate the spectral opportunities (holes) in order to be available to nonlicensed or secondary users (SUs). In this research, a centralized network of cognitive radios for monitoring a multiband spectrum in real time is proposed and implemented in a real wireless communication environment through generic communication devices such as software-defined radios (SDRs). Locally, each SU uses a monitoring technique based on sample entropy to determine spectrum occupancy. The determined features (power, bandwidth, and central frequency) of detected PUs are uploaded to a database. The uploaded data are then processed by a central entity. The objective of this work was to determine the number of PUs, their carrier frequency, bandwidth, and the spectral gaps in the sensed spectrum in a specific area through the construction of radioelectric environment maps (REMs). To this end, we compared the results of classical digital signal processing methods and neural networks performed by the central entity. Results show that both proposed cognitive networks (one working with a central entity using typical signal processing and one performing with neural networks) accurately locate PUs and give information to SUs to transmit, avoiding the hidden terminal problem. However, the best-performing cognitive radio network was the one working with neural networks to accurately detect PUs on both carrier frequency and bandwidth.
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Galbis, Alberto Zambrano, Moisés Antón García, Ana Isabel Martínez García, Stylianos Karatzas, Athanasios Chassiakos, Vasiliki Lazari i Olympia Ageli. "Smart Tool Development for Customized Charging Services to EV Users". World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, nr 8 (3.08.2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13080145.
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E-mobility is a key element in the future energy systems. The capabilities of EVs are many and vary since they can provide valuable system flexibility services, including management of congestion in transmission grids. According to the literature, leaving the charging process uncontrolled could hinder some of the present challenges in the power system. The development of a suitable charging management system is required to address different stakeholders’ needs in the electro-mobility value chain. This paper focuses on the design of such a system, the TwinEV module, that offers high-value services to electric vehicles (EV) users. This module is based on a Smart Charging Tool (SCT), aiming to deliver a more user-central and cooperative approach to the EV charging processes. The methodology of the SCT tool, as well as the supportive optimization algorithm, are explained thoroughly. The architecture and the web applications of TwinEV module are analyzed. Finally, the deployment and testing results are presented.
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Асоев, Б. Х. "Development of integration processes in the market of electric power industry of the countries of the Central Asia". Экономика и предпринимательство, nr 1(126) (12.03.2021): 228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.126.01.040.
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В данной статье исследуется развитие интеграционных процессов на рынке электроэнергетики стран Центральной Азии через реализацию сотрудничества между странами данного регионе. В настоящее время уже созданы определенные правовые предпосылки для развития интеграционных процессов на рынке электроэнергетики стран Центральной Азии, но несмотря заключение соответствующих договоров и соглашений процесс интеграции рынка электроэнергетики этих стран не достиг желаемой скорости. Энергетическая интеграция государств Центральной Азии -один из факторов обеспечения устойчивого социально-экономического развития в условиях современной глобализации. Перспективы центрально-азиатских государств зависит от активизации их общего желания развивать интеграционные процессы на рынке электроэнергетики. This article examines the development of integration processes in the electricity markets of Central Asian countries through the implementation of cooperation between the countries of this region. At present, certain legal prerequisites have already been created for the development of integration processes in the electricity market of the Central Asian countries, but due to the conclusion of relevant agreements and agreements, the integration process of the electricity market in these countries has not reached the desired speed. Energy integration of the Central Asian states is one of the factors for ensuring sustainable socioeconomic development in the context of modern globalization. The prospects of the Central Asian states depend on the activation of their common desire to develop integration processes in the electricity market.
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Xiang, Xinyi. "A Comparison of Electric Vehicle Industry Policies Between China and The United States". Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 23 (29.12.2023): 438–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/e5qx0322.
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Against the background of global vehicle market fluctuations, the annual sales of global electric vehicles continued to grow, showing a good development trend. In the global EV industry, China is the leader in the power battery supply chain, EV production, charger installation, etc. The U.S. is overall ranked third. After the background illustration and industry policy sorting, the paper illustrates the different top-level national EV industry strategy designs in China and the U.S., then compares the 2 countries’ policies from the dimensions of fiscal policies, R&D policies (focusing on battery development), and supporting infrastructure construction. The analysis shows that in the development of batteries and the construction of supporting infrastructure (charger), compared with China’s policies, the overall policy planning of the United States lacks coherence and central authority, and the development of its battery industry lacks the cooperation of enterprises under the leadership of the central government. The 2 countries have different preferences in fiscal and taxation policies, and the credit system represented by California Zero Emission Vehicle in the U.S. is more flexible and spontaneously guided than China's.
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Werme, Las, Inga K. Björner, Gerhard Bart, Hans U. Zwicky, Bernd Grambow, Werner Lutze, Rodney C. Ewing i Claude Magrabi. "Chemical corrosion of highly radioactive borosilicate nuclear waste glass under simulated repository conditions". Journal of Materials Research 5, nr 5 (maj 1990): 1130–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1990.1130.
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This review summarizes the results of the joint Japanese (Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, CRIEPI, Tokyo), Swiss (National Cooperative for the Storage of Radioactive Waste, NAGRA, Baden), Swedish (Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, SKB, Stockholm) international ‘JSS’ project on the determination of the chemical durability of the French nuclear waste borosilicate glass, which was completed in 1988. Radioactive and nonradioactive glass specimens were investigated. A data base was created with results from glass corrosion tests performed with different water compositions, pH values, temperatures, sample surface areas (S), solution volumes (V), and flow rates. Glass corrosion tests were performed with and without bentonite and/or steel corrosion products present. Variation of the glass composition was taken into account by including the borosilicate glass ‘MW’ in the investigations, formulated by British Nuclear Fuels, plc. An understanding was achieved of the glass corrosion process in general, and of the performance of the French glass under various potential disposal conditions in particular. A special effort was made to establish a corrosion data base, using high S/V ratios in the experiments in order to understand the glass durability in the long term.
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DIRIOZ, Ali Oguz. "AN ENERGY-FOCUSED ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY ROUTE TO THE SILK ROAD". Eurasian Research Journal 4, nr 2 (15.04.2022): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53277/2519-2442-2022.2-01.
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A route, via ships and underwater electric connectors established across the Caspian Sea, could enable goods from Central Asia to be transported to Turkey and through Turkey to other markets. Natural gas-rich countries could transport gas to European markets via this route by converting their natural gas into LNG. In cases where building LNG installations would be uneconomical, they can export energy directly, by conveying gas-generated electricity via underwater electric connectors across the Caspian Sea or by electricity-generating power ships. With the transformation of this route into a new trade corridor due to energy transportation, other products could also be transported to Europe more easily and this would positively impact their economic development, attract investors and promote regional cooperation. This dynamism may create a new commercial corridor for the global supply chain in the context of the Silk Road concept but separate from China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
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Srahaddi, Seyede Mahsa, Soodabeh Soleymani i Seyed Babak Mozafari. "Optimal Energy and Pollution Management for Multimicrogrids Coalition Based on a Cooperative Game Theory Model". International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (24.06.2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9437630.
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In this manuscript, two issues of energy management as well as controlling the emission of pollution in multiple microgrids are followed. For this purpose, a three level optimization problem is developed for simultaneous energy and pollution management. In the proposed model, the combination of microgrids is modeled as a coalition that seeks to maximize the cumulative profits. On the other hand, in the proposed based on the game theory, participation in the pollution permit market is also considered. In the proposed model, it is assumed that the central operator is responsible for the optimal energy and pollution management of all microgrids. The problem facing the central operator is formulated in two levels. The bilevel model is formulated as an MPEC problem. The energy exchanged between the microgrids and upstream network and the share of each microgrid in the pollution permits are the output of the bilevel problem. On the other hand, an optimization problem (third level) is developed from each of the local operators’ points of view. In this problem, how to operate each of the microgrids is determined. The results of studies in this paper show that with the simultaneous management of energy and pollution, the total amount of pollution should be reduced by 8% compared to the case where only energy management is carried out. On the other hand, using the proposed model (three-level) compared to the two-level model, the cost of applying to the whole coalition is reduced by 5%.
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Avdanin, Vladimir V. "100 YEARS OF ELECTRIFICATION: HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AND MODERN CHALLENGES". Historical Search 1, nr 3 (21.12.2020): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2020-1-3-5-13.
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Basing on the principles of historicism and objective analysis the article examines the features and problems of implementing two state electrification plans: GOELRO plan adopted 100 years ago, under which the construction of local power plants in the Middle Volga region began, and the General Plan for the USSR Electrification, approved in 1932, which laid down the main solutions to radically redevelop the industry and agriculture of the region on the basis of using the sources of hydroelectric power, constructed on the Volga. In this regard, the historical and comparative method made it possible to highlight the main stages in creation and development of the power system of the Chuvash Republic, which since the mid 1950s has acted as a central a link in the country’s unified electric power system. The idea of creating energy hubs of the Volga Cascade, which in the years that followed provided the rise of industrial and agricultural production of the region, was based on the need for the priority development of the integrated power grid taking into account a strictly defined sequence of regional power plant construction, however, these aspects of implementing the electrification plans are not exampled in the domestic historical literature devoted to the reform of the energy industry. The article notes the pivotal role of scientific and technical cooperation between Leningrad and Cheboksary power engineers and instrument makers in solving the most complicated tasks in times of peace and during the war, it considers the contribution of Chuvash power engineers, who provided the construction and modernization of dozens of trunk transmission lines, which made it possible to fully implement the country’s electrification plan and to ensure energy security of the region.
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Zhong, Xudong, Baoquan Ren, Xiangwu Gong i Hongjun Li. "Traffic Load Optimization for Multi-Satellite Relay Systems in Space Information Network: A Proportional Fairness Approach". Sensors 22, nr 22 (14.11.2022): 8806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22228806.
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Backbone satellites in a space information network (SIN) can be used as air base stations or data relay satellites (DRSs) to realize cross-system, cross-network and long-distance relay transmission. In this paper, a traffic load optimization problem for multi-satellite relay systems in SIN is considered to achieve highly efficient cooperative transmission and improve resource utility. A model of SIN based on a distributed satellite cluster (DSC) is considered, and the characteristics of the model are analyzed. Based on this, a hybrid resource management architecture combining distributed and central resources control schemes is proposed to realize a centrally controllable and distributed optimization of resources to meet various comprehensive service requirements. Two scenarios of multi-satellite relay systems in SIN are given, and traffic load optimization problems with joint bandwidth and power allocation for these two scenarios are formulated based on proportional fairness (PF) criterion to achieve traffic load balancing with considerable system capacity. The optimization problems in these two scenarios are proved to be a convex optimization problem with mathematical analysis, and the closed-form solutions of two problems in their dual domain are derived by dual transformation. With the closed-form solutions, two iterative algorithms based on the subgradient method are designed under the proposed hybrid resource management architecture to solve the problems in this paper. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes can effectively improve the upper bound of system capacity by resource sharing and cooperative relay, and it can balance the traffic load well with guarantees of a reasonable level system capacity compared with existing methods.
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Łebkowski, Andrzej, i Wojciech Koznowski. "Modeling of an Autonomous Electric Propulsion Barge for Future Inland Waterway Transport". Energies 16, nr 24 (14.12.2023): 8053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16248053.
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International trade is continuously rising, leading to an increase in the flow of goods passing through transportation hubs, including air and sea. In addition, the aging fleet of inland vessels necessitates renewal through the construction of new vessels, presenting opportunities for the adoption of modern transport technologies. Autonomous barges can transport bulk and containerized cargo between the central port of a specific region and smaller satellite ports, enabling the dispersal of goods over a wider area. Equipping autonomous barges with advanced sensors, such as LIDAR, computer vision systems that operate in visible light and thermal infrared, and incorporating advanced path finding and cooperation algorithms may enable them to operate autonomously, subject only to remote supervision. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of autonomous electric propulsion barges in inland waterway transport. Given the increasing demand for efficient and sustainable transport solutions as a result of various new policies, which have set new ambitious goals in clean transportation, this study aims to develop a proposition of an electric propulsion hybrid drive inland waterway barge, and compare it to a conventional diesel-powered barge. The methodology involves the creation of a simulation model of an inland waterway class IV electric barge, equipped with advanced sensors and autonomous control systems. The barge’s navigation is managed through a multi-agent system, with evolutionary algorithms determining a safe passage route. This research also utilizes a proprietary networked ship traffic simulator, based on real inland vessel recorded routes, to conduct the autonomous navigation study. The energy consumption of the barge on a route resulting from the ship traffic simulation is then examined using the mathematical model using the OpenModelica package. As a result of the study, the proposed hybrid propulsion system achieved a 16% reduction in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, while cutting engine operation time by more than 71%. The findings could provide valuable insights into the feasibility and efficiency of autonomous electric propulsion barges, potentially helping future developments in inland waterway transport.
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Bharathi, L., N. Sangeethapriya, S. Dola Sanjay, R. Durgaprasad i Y. Lavanya. "An Improved Link Stability Based on Swift Exploring Packet Ratio Using Expected Time Matrix in Wireless Sensor Network". Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, nr 12 (1.12.2020): 5528–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9449.
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Wireless sensor networks become the integral part of network data transmission, to monitor information from a complex geographic range link may be failure due to transmission ratio. Expecting Power Saving, such a sensor network that has gained poor efficiency for the link broken, communication designed to be placed in a risk and non-access area, with wireless sensor networks playing an important in channel communication as stability of power. The Origin Challenge begins with a worm entering the wireless network to stabilize the link. The worm spreads to the entire network for infection in the link terminal. Mostly adjacent node as the affected nodes is rapidly blocked, and not infected. The target position is to route the target link when packets flow ground access to monitoring region is blocked, a solution is to send, the remote sensor. To propose an efficient method of Link stability based on swift exploring packet ratio using expected time matrix in wireless sensor network (SEPR-ETC). Improvement of the target coverage probability should be accomplished by accurate sensor arrangement, loss of large gait link density in the drop zone improved by estimating. The data collected from the sensors are sent to the central node for processing to cover the need to be constantly operated the communication Link. Swift state use the packet flow to monitor the network resources through good cooperative communication to reduce the amount of data that needs to be transmitted collectively, while the wireless sensor networks are in the industry to reduce bit energy consumption. The proposed SEPR-ETC model provides an advanced technique for controlling link exploring transmission compared to the existing model.
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Zhou, Feng, Weizhen Shi, Xiaomei Li, Chao Yang i Ting Hao. "Cooperative Game Cooperative Control Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Tariff Leverage". Energies 16, nr 12 (20.06.2023): 4808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124808.
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To address the negative impact of large-scale disorderly grid connection of EVs on the stable operation of the power grid, a cooperative game cooperative control strategy for EVs based on tariff leverage is proposed, taking the grid-side and user-side economy as the objective function, taking into account the EV load state constraint, distribution grid power constraint, bi-directional charging and discharging pile power constraint, dynamic tariff constraint, and cooperative game members’ revenue constraint. A dynamic cooperative game model based on bi-directional charging and discharging piles is established, and the weight of users in the game is increased. Based on the cooperative game model, an optimal real-time tariff is determined for both the electric power operators and the charging and discharging pile users and based on the real-time updated dynamic tariff and the EV power connected to the charging and discharging pile at the current moment, a genetic algorithm is used to solve the simulation based on the Receding Horizon Control principle. The simulation results show that this control strategy has a smoother load curve and better peak and valley reduction than the fixed tariff and the time-of-use tariff, and it reduces the operating cost of the electric power operators. In addition, it brings the best economic benefits to the users, with the overall revenue of the charging and discharging piles increasing by up to 6.3% under the dynamic tariff.
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Zheng, Kun, Hongbing Deng, Kangni Lyu, Shuang Yang i Yu Cao. "Market Integration, Industrial Structure, and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from China". Energies 15, nr 24 (11.12.2022): 9371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249371.
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Against the backdrop of China’s carbon emission reduction targets and the promotion of the construction of a unified domestic market, what kind of carbon emission effect has market integration had in weakening regional barriers and optimizing resource allocation? This paper adopts a two-way fixed effects analysis based on China’s provincial panel data from 2003 to 2019. It uses a mediation model to explore the relationship between market integration and carbon emissions. Furthermore, industrial rationalization and upgrade are the basis for examining whether a competitive or cooperative relationship exists between the carbon emission effects generated and promoting market integration between regions. The study finds a negative relationship between market integration and carbon emissions. In addition, there is significant heterogeneity in the effect of market integration on carbon emissions, and the influence effect is mainly in central China; industrial rationalization can play an enhanced role in the process of the negative impact of market integration on carbon emissions, further enhancing the negative contribution of market integration to carbon emissions. However, market integration can weaken its negative impact on carbon emissions with the industrial upgrade, and there may still be invisible barriers between regions in promoting market integration barriers.
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Majchrzak, Dariusz, Krzysztof Michalski i Jacek Reginia-Zacharski. "Readiness of the Polish Crisis Management System to Respond to Long-Term, Large-Scale Power Shortages and Failures (Blackouts)". Energies 14, nr 24 (9.12.2021): 8286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248286.
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Large-scale failures of electric power systems (blackouts) have been the subject of intensive research in most countries for several years. This research aims primarily at seeking solutions to improve the reliability of the operation of power systems and the development of effective strategies to protect critical infrastructure from the effects of energy shortages and power cuts. In contrast, systematic research on crisis management and civil protection under conditions of prolonged blackout has been undertaken in Europe only recently, and these extremely important aspects of energy security have been delayed by the COVID-19 crisis. The ability of the Polish crisis management system to cope with the consequences of long-term, large-scale shortages and interruptions in the supply of electricity, as well as the consequences of possible failures in this field, has not been systematically examined to date. This issue is of growing strategic importance, not only from the point of view of security and defence policy, but also economic cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe. Poland’s infrastructural security must be considered in a broad regional and supra-regional context. A long-term lack of electricity in a large area of Poland would undermine the stability of the entire national security system, destabilising the region and supranational security systems. Apart from objective reasons, intentional attacks on the links of such a chain cannot be ruled out. Poland is the leader of this region, a frontline country in the NATO-Russia conflict, as well as a liaison state that provides the Baltic states—being EU and NATO members—with a land connection to Western Europe. In view of the growing risk of blackout, the importance of the problem and the existence of a cognitive gap in this field, we evaluated the Polish crisis management system in terms of its ability to respond to the effects of a sudden, long-term, large-scale blackout. Methodologically, we adopted a systems approach to security management. In order to estimate the consequences of a blackout, we used analogue forecasting tools and scenario analysis. By analysing previous crisis situations caused by blackouts and local conditions of vulnerability to such events, we formulated basic preparedness requirements that a modern crisis management system should meet in the face of the growing risk of blackouts. A review of strategic documents and crisis planning processes in public administration allowed us to identify deficits and weaknesses in the Polish crisis management system. On this basis we formulated recommendations whose implementation shall improve the ability of the national security system to face such challenges in the future.
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He, Shengyu, Aoife Foley, Ning Chen, Tianyu Jia i Songyan Wang. "Cooperative electric energy transmission between Central Asia and Pakistan". Energy Strategy Reviews 38 (listopad 2021): 100756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.100756.
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Minarchenko, Ilya. "A cooperative game in Asian international electric power integration". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 537 (18.06.2019): 062003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/537/6/062003.
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Vince, Clinton A., Sherry A. Quirk i J. Cathy Fogel. "The future of public power & electric cooperative systems". Electricity Journal 10, nr 9 (listopad 1997): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1040-6190(97)80497-6.
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Xu, Wenxiang, Mengnan Liu i Liyou Xu. "Simulation of multi-power composite electric tractor based on power fluctuation ratio". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2125, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2125/1/012007.
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Abstract All Combined with the characteristics of frequent abrupt load in the field operation of tractors, and aiming at the problems of single motor energy input and large fluctuation of battery state in the energy system of pure electric tractors, a power supply structure with multiple battery packs was proposed. A dynamic model considering real-time power and load fluctuation and a multi-power cooperative input model based on fuzzy control threshold logic rule based on power fluctuation ratio are established. Matlab and Simulink are used to simulate the model and compare it with the traditional single power model. The results show that when the speed is constant ploughing, the output power of the lithium battery of the multi-power cooperative input model is effectively compensated compared with that of the single-power model under sudden load. The average fluctuation ratio of rising power decreases from 5.8% / s to 2.7% / s, which realizes “peak clipping” and “slow peak” when the current fluctuates greatly. and then made the estimation of battery state of charge (SOC) more accurate, and prolonged the battery life.
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Sekizaki, Shinya, Ichiro Nishizaki, Tomohiro Hayashida, Kazuki Kagawa i Teruyoshi Toma. "Cooperative Electric Power Supply System in Distribution Networks for Power Supply in Disasters". Transactions of the Institute of Systems, Control and Information Engineers 36, nr 7 (15.07.2023): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5687/iscie.36.187.
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Doudou, Naoki, Naoki Yamamura i Muneaki Ishida. "Study on the Cooperative Control of the Power Generation System and an Electric Power Compensatory System in Micro Grid". Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (maj 2012): 1278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1278.
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We have proposed a method to cooperative control both fly wheel energy storage system (FWES) and micro gas turbine (MGT) electrical generation system in micro grid system because the capacity of the electric power storage equipment used for electric power compensation is desirable to have low capacity as much as possible from the viewpoint of cost. The speed information of FWES is necessary in order to perform the cooperative control. When system composition is considered, it is desirable to use a speed observer instead of a rotoring speed sensor from the viewpoint of cost and maintenance side. Therefore, the adaptive rotor flux observer is proposed in of this paper. And the validity of adaptive rotor flux observer is confirmed by the simulation.
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Kahle, Trish. "Electric Discipline: Gendering Power and Defining Work in Electric Power Systems". Labor 21, nr 1 (1.03.2024): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15476715-10948947.
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Abstract In the 1970s, energy conservation was a household idea, but it was also a form of labor discipline. This article shows how one utility, the Pennsylvania Power & Light Company (PP&L), used energy conservation to discipline unwaged workers in the home, upending decades of home economics research that sought to substitute electric energy for human energy in housework. To effectively deploy this strategy, PP&L drew on utilities’ well-established understanding of women's unwaged work in the home as central to balancing the rhythms of power demand. By exploring this history, this article also argues that by adopting a more expansive understanding of labor in energy systems—which I term “energy work”—we can better understand the interrelationship of labor, gender, and power in the operation of energy systems and more fully incorporate the history of unwaged workers into the history of energy.
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Lin, Hong, i Yue Ma. "Optimization of multi-integrated energy microgrid scheduling under carbon trading mechanism". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2788, nr 1 (1.06.2024): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2788/1/012015.
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Abstract Realizing the power transaction and benefit distribution among multi-integrated energy microgrids with different interests in the system, a multi-microgrid cooperative operation optimization scheduling method under a carbon-trading mechanism is proposed. Considering the microgrid’s electric energy interaction, a model of multi-microgrid cooperation is established. The multi-microgrid cooperative game model is equivalently transformed into two sub-problems, multi-microgrid cooperative operation cost minimization and internal power transaction bargaining, and to solve the two sub-problems successively. The simulation results show that the method is valid.
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Jia, Hao, i Yunlong Sun. "Power load modeling of new energy electric heating". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2360, nr 1 (1.11.2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2360/1/012012.
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the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of four electric heat sources, as well as the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of centralized electric heating and decentralized electric heating are compared and analyzed. Combined with the structure and working principle of the central heating electric boiler, the thermal efficiency and heat network loss of the electric boiler are analyzed, and the mathematical model of the total load of central heating is established. Finally, the model is used to budget the heating load.
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Revyakin, Egor, Valery Sushkov i Rustam Khamitov. "RESEARCH ON COOPERATIVE WORKING OF ISOLATED GAS-TURBINE POWER PLANT AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES GENERATION NODE". Electrical and data processing facilities and systems 19, nr 1 (2023): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/1999-5458-2023-19-1-14-23.
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The relevance The installed capacity of renewable energy sources increases annually relative to the total installed capacity. Features of work inherent in renewable energy installations modify the nature of transient processes in electric power systems during emergency modes. A number of authors, when studying the operation of renewable sources as part of the energy system, consider the parallel operation of renewable sources with a powerful electric power system, and also do not take into account the drive motors of power plant generators. In this paper, the study of transient processes is carried out in an isolated electric power system with renewable energy sources, the power of which is comparable to the power of classical generators. This work is dedicated to the study of transient processes in an isolated electric power system with renewable energy sources, the power of which is comparable to the power of classical generators. The research takes into account the model of a synchronous generator drive motor and its control system, configured in accordance with applicable requirements and standards. Aim of research The main aim of the research is to assess the impact of renewable energy sources on the operating modes of an isolated gas turbine power plant during emergency disturbances. Research methods To achieve the main aim of the research the method of the simulation mathematical modeling in Matlab/Simulink was used. Results During the research, a number of curves were obtained that characterize the operating modes of an isolated power system during an emergency process. The analysis of these curves has showed that the stable operation of the power plant is possible with the installed capacity of renewable energy sources not exceeding 60 % of the power reserve of the power plant's lead generator.
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Zhang, Jiaming, Jun Fang, Tianhong Zhang, Lingwei Li i Xinglong Zhang. "Component-Level Modeling of More Electric Auxiliary Power Units for Cooperative Control". Aerospace 9, nr 12 (7.12.2022): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9120803.
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Today, the more electric aircraft (MEA) concept is gaining tremendous popularity. As a key component of the MEA, a more electric auxiliary power unit (MEAPU) integrated model with high accuracy and real-time performance is essential when conducting cooperative control and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test research. This paper proposes a novel MEAPU integrated model consisting of a MEAPU component-level-model (CLM) and a starter-generator (SG) model. Firstly, a MEAPU CLM was built and a continuous scaling method for the component characteristic map in the CLM is proposed to improve the model’s accuracy. Then, a double winding induction starter-generator (DWISG) model based on the electromagnetic theory, which is quite time consuming, was simplified using the pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifier linearization method. Finally, considering the coupling relationship between the MEAPU CLM and DWISG, an accurate real-time MEAPU integrated model was built and its simulation results were analyzed. Compared with the test results, the error of the proposed model was less than 0.5%; meanwhile its single-step simulation time was less than 20 ms, which can meet the demands of cooperative control and HIL test research. Furthermore, the continuous scaling method and PWM rectifier linearization method were found to be effective for modeling other MEAPUs and more electric engines (MEE).
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Naji EL idrissi, Rajaa, Mohammed Ouassaid, Mohamed Maaroufi, Zineb Cabrane i Jonghoon Kim. "Optimal Cooperative Power Management Framework for Smart Buildings Using Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Modes". Energies 16, nr 5 (28.02.2023): 2315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052315.
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The high potential for implementing demand management approaches across multiple objectives has been significantly enhanced. This study proposes a cooperative energy management strategy based on the end-user sharing of energy. The proposed method promotes the intelligent charging and discharging of EVs to achieve vehicle-to-anything (V2X) and anything-to-vehicle (X2V) operating modes for both integrated and nonrenewable residential applications. These sharing modes have already been discussed, but resolution approaches are applicable to a specific use case. Other application cases may require additional metrics to plan the fleet of electric vehicles. To avoid that problem, this study proposes the MIP method using a robust Gurobi optimiser based on a generic framework for cooperative power management (CPM). Moreover, the CPM ensures an overall target state of charge (SoC) at leaving time for all the vehicles without generating a rebound peak in total grid power, even without introducing photovoltaic power. Two different methods are proposed based on the flow direction of the EV power. The first method only includes the one-way power flow, while the second increases the two-way power flow between vehicles, operating in vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-loads modes. A thorough analysis of the findings of the proposed model was conducted to demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the charging and discharging schedule of several EVs, favouring a sharing economy concept, reducing peak power, and increasing user comfort.
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Inagaki, Shinkichi, Tatsuya Suzuki, Takahiro Ito i Wu Shidan. "Design of Autonomous/Man-Machine-Cooperative Mobile Robot". Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, nr 2 (20.04.2009): 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0252.
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The control methodology we propose for a nonholonomic electric two-wheeled vehicle combines autonomous control and man-machine-cooperative control. “Autonomous control” is designed using time-state control to reduce vehicle deviation from a guidance line. “Man-machine-cooperative control” is designed using impedance control to generate power to assist user maneuvers. Experiments demonstrate the usefulness of our proposed design.
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Cheremisin, V. T., i V. L. Nezevak. "EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS ON THE MOSCOW CENTRAL CIRCLE". World of Transport and Transportation 17, nr 5 (7.06.2020): 58–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2019-17-5-58-77.
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The urban railway systems using state-of-the-art technologies for train traffic, safety, traction and rail infrastructure are becoming increasingly widespread in the world. The Moscow Central Circle railroad is an example illustrating their integration into the urban transportation system of a megacity.Development and continuous modernization of such railroad systems during their operation generate new innovative approaches, particularly in the field of electric power supply.Electric traction load on the traction electric power supply system of the Moscow Central Circle railroad has several features explained by prevalence of passenger traffic and frequent changes of operating modes of electric trains. Frequently used regenerative braking determines the statement of the problem of developing a complex of measures to increase the efficiency of traction power supply system measured by the criterion of output capacitance reduction and of energy efficiency indicators’ growth. The use of electric energy storage systems within the traction power supply system can help to solve thementioned problem.The objective of the described research is to assess the efficiency of the implementation of the electric energy storage devices within the system of traction power supply system of the Moscow Central Circle. The research uses the methods of statistical processing of the measurement data and of simulation modelling. Simulation modelling of interaction of electric rolling stock with traction power supply system within the Moscow Central Circle allows to obtain the characteristics of load chart of electric energy storage systems and of bus voltage at sectioning posts, to evaluate the durations of operation cycles in charge and discharge modes, their number and relevant total amount of electric energy per day.The obtained results allow assessing the technical features of various types of electric energy storage devices regarding operating conditions within traction power supply system of the Moscow Central Circle and to determine the economic efficiency of their implementation.
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Zulfiqar, M., Nahar F. Alshammari i M. B. Rasheed. "Reinforcement Learning-Enabled Electric Vehicle Load Forecasting for Grid Energy Management". Mathematics 11, nr 7 (31.03.2023): 1680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11071680.
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Electric vehicles are anticipated to be essential components of future energy systems, as they possess the capability to assimilate surplus energy generated by renewable sources. With the increasing popularity of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), conventional internal combustion engine (ICE)-based vehicles are expected to be gradually phased out, thereby decreasing greenhouse gases and reliance on foreign oil. Intensive research and development efforts across the globe are currently concentrated on developing effective PHEV charging solutions that can efficiently cater to the charging needs of PHEVs, while simultaneously minimizing their detrimental effects on the power infrastructure. Efficient PHEV charging strategies and technologies are necessary to overcome the obstacles presented. Forecasting PHEV charging loads provides a solution by enabling energy delivery to power systems based on anticipated future loads. We have developed a novel approach, utilizing machine learning methods, for accurately forecasting PHEV charging loads at charging stations across three phases of powering (smart, non-cooperative, and cooperative). The proposed Q-learning method outperforms conventional AI techniques, such as recurrent neural and artificial neural networks, in accurately forecasting PHEV loads for various charging scenarios. The findings indicate that the Q-learning method effectively predicts PHEV loads in three scenarios: smart, non-cooperative, and cooperative. Compared to the ANN and RNN models, the forecast precision of the QL model is higher by 31.2% and 40.7%, respectively. The Keras open-source set was utilized to simulate three different approaches and evaluate the efficacy and worth of the suggested Q-learning technique.
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Guo, Jiang, Mei Wu, Kai Kai Gu, Yi Xin Wang i Xiang Ping Zhao. "Research on Cooperative Maintenance Decision System for Power Plant". Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (styczeń 2012): 6992–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.6992.
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The cooperative maintenance is carried out of China's electric power system, an important research topic, how to achieve wide-area collaboration maintenance decision is one of the forefront research tasks in the maintenance field. In order to solve the knowledge resource sharing and utilization in the plants maintenance field, on the basis of analyzing the current status and needs of the maintenance network, to achieve the object of swarm cooperative maintenance decision-making, we have established the collaborative maintenance decision system, is supported by multi-knowledge, multi-method, multi-resource, multi-information based on knowledge grid, and also have investigated the knowledge modeling approach. Resource nodes open mutually, share resource information and by the unified management and scheduling of the knowledge grid platform, coordination between each other, provide the necessary services for different power plants, manufacturers and research institutes. That is beneficial to enhancing the diagnosis standards and treatment ability of the maintenance decision system, reducing the diagnosis and maintenance costs, and improving the diagnosis efficiency.
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Sokólski, Paweł, Tomasz A. Rutkowski, Bartosz Ceran, Daria Złotecka i Dariusz Horla. "The Influence of Cooperation on the Operation of an MPC Controller Pair in a Nuclear Power Plant Turbine Generator Set". Energies 15, nr 18 (13.09.2022): 6702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186702.
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The paper discusses the problem of cooperation between multiple model predictive control (MPC) systems. This approach aims at improving the control quality in electrical energy generation and forms the next step in a series of publications by the authors focusing on the optimization and control of electric power systems. Cooperation and cooperative object concepts in relation to a multi MPC system are defined and a cooperative control solution for a nuclear power plant’s turbine generator set is proposed. The aim of enabling information exchange between the controllers is to improve the performance of power generation. Presented and discussed simulation tests include various variants of information exchange between the turbine and synchronous generator MPC controllers of the nuclear power plant.
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Belyaev, L. S., S. V. Podkovalnikov i L. Yu Chudinova. "Electric Power Reintegration of Russia with the Countries of the Central Asian and Caspian Regions". EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics 14, nr 1 (15.04.2021): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2021-01-32-43.
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The paper presents the results of the next research stage on Russia’s interstate electric connections. The issues related to the electric power reintegration of Russia with the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus are considered. The article studies the economic efficiency and joint access possibilities of the considered national electric power systems into the electric power markets of Southern and Minor Asia and Middle East countries. The authors estimated preliminary characteristics of the potential the interstate power interconnection “Caspian energy ring”. The high economic efficiency of creating an interstate power grid in this region is shown.
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Zhang, Yuanjian, Bingzhao Gao, Jingjing Jiang, Chengyuan Liu, Dezong Zhao, Quan Zhou, Zheng Chen i Zhenzhen Lei. "Cooperative power management for range extended electric vehicle based on internet of vehicles". Energy 273 (czerwiec 2023): 127238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.127238.
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Shi, Tao, Jialin Sheng, Zhiqiang Chen i Hangyu Zhou. "Simulation Experiment Design and Control Strategy Analysis in Teaching of Hydrogen-Electric Coupling System". Processes 12, nr 1 (5.01.2024): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12010138.
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Hydrogen energy, as a clean and green energy medium, is characterized by large capacity, extended lifespan, convenient storage, and seamless transmission. On the one hand, in the power system, hydrogen can be prepared by the electrolysis of water using the surplus power from intermittent new energy generation, such as photovoltaic and wind power, to increase the space for new energy consumption. On the other hand, it can be used to generate electricity from the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen through the fuel cell and be used as a backup power source when there is a shortage of power supply. In this paper, based on the teaching practice, the conversion mechanism and coupling relationship between various forms of energy, such as photovoltaic energy, hydrogen energy, and electric energy, were deeply analyzed. Further, a hydrogen-electricity coupling digital simulation experimental system, including photovoltaic power generation, fuel cell, and electrolysis hydrogen system, was formed. Simultaneously, considering the synergy between hydrogen production and electricity generation businesses, as well as the demand for the efficient utilization and flexible regulation of multiple energy sources, eight sets of simulation experimental scenarios were designed. A cooperative control strategy for the hydrogen-electric coupling system was proposed and validated through simulation on the MATLAB/SIMULINK-R2023a platform. This study shows that the simulation system has rich experimental scenarios and control strategies, and can comprehensively and accurately demonstrate the multi-energy complementary and cooperative control characteristics of the hydrogen-electric coupling system.
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Guo, Zhiqi, Liang Chu, Zhuoran Hou, Yinhang Wang, Jincheng Hu i Wen Sun. "A Dual Distribution Control Method for Multi-Power Components Energy Output of 4WD Electric Vehicles". Sensors 22, nr 24 (7.12.2022): 9597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22249597.
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Energy management strategies are vitally important to give full play to the energy-saving of the four-wheel drive electric vehicle (4WD EV). The cooperative output of multi-power components is involved in the process of driving and braking energy recovery of 4WD EV. This paper proposes a novel energy management strategy of dual equivalent consumption minimization strategy (D-ECMS) to improve the economy of the vehicle. According to the different driving and braking states of the vehicle, D-ECMS can realize the proportional control of the energy cooperative output among the multi-power components. Under the premise of satisfying the dynamic performance of the vehicle, the operating points of the power components are distributed more in the high-efficiency range, and the economy and driving range of the vehicle are optimized. In order to achieve the effectiveness of D-ECMS, MATLAB/Simulink is used to realize the simulation of the vehicle. Compared with the rule-based strategy, the economy of D-ECMS increased by 4.35%.
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TAKEUCHI, Yu, Ken-ichi KONDO i Jumpei BABA. "Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Civil Engineering Research". Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 136, nr 2 (2016): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.136.68.
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Erickson, Larry, i Stephanie Ma. "Solar-Powered Charging Networks for Electric Vehicles". Energies 14, nr 4 (12.02.2021): 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040966.
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The cost of solar-generated electricity and battery costs have been decreasing significantly. These developments can be combined to introduce solar-powered charging networks with demand management prices (DMP) to enable electric vehicle (EV) customers to help utilities to manage renewable energy. As solar-generated electricity becomes the cheapest source of power, the need to increase demand for electricity during the day can be met by charging EVs at an attractive DMP in parking lots with solar panels and charging stations that are connected to the electrical grid. The demand for electricity can be managed and controlled by the utility with the goal of increasing demand for power as needed so that all electricity that is generated can be sold. The proposal is to introduce a new DMP rate that is only implemented when the utility wants to increase demand and sell power at this low rate in order to make full use of the supply. As utilities strive to reach 100% renewable electrical power to serve a society transported by EVs, cooperative plans to make good use of batteries in EVs for managing the electrical grid will become more important.
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Liu, Mengnan, Chuiquan Wei i Liyou Xu. "Development of Cooperative Controller for Dual-Motor Independent Drive Electric Tractor". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (11.11.2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4826904.
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This paper proposes a control strategy of dual-motor independent drive electric tractor with cooperative control power take-off (PTO) and driving systems by investigating its structural characteristics to meet the field operation requirements. In the following operation mode, the vehicle speed is taken as the input signal, and the PTO motor speed is followed by the vehicle speed at a proportional ratio. Four different principles of collaborative control strategy-based stability control, namely, general closed-loop, conventional PID, adaptive fuzzy PID, and fuzzy neural network adaptive PID controls, are proposed to meet the requirements during speed change. Hardware design is divided into modules in accordance with circuit function. Software design is divided into application layer and underlying software, where the application software realizes the control strategy of the entire machine. The underlying software is based on the hardware driver of MC9S12XEP100 that connects the application layer software and hardware. A hardware-in-the-loop test platform based on dSPACE/DS1007 is built to test the function of the collaborative controller. Results show that the stabilization time of fuzzy neural network adaptive PID control is 0.024 s. Compared with the three other control modes, the settling time decreases by 0.256, 0.034, and 0.028, respectively, and the overshoot decreases to 1.6%. Root locus analysis results show that the stability of the system is the best. Under the entire machine cooperative operation mode hardware in the loop test, the PTO motor maintains the fixed target speed under the fixed speed output mode, and the PTO speed in the following mode has a good follow-up to the vehicle speed. The controller realizes the control of the power output shaft to cut between the following and standard speeds. It also meets the requirement of cooperative control in the operation of dual-motor independent drive electric tractor.
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Liu, Shuo, Hongxin Zhang i Jian Yang. "Mode Switching Frequency of Electrohydraulic-Power-Coupled Electric Vehicles with Different Delay Control Times". Electronics 11, nr 9 (20.04.2022): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091299.
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The variability of vehicle operating conditions and the multiplicity of coupler dynamics inevitably increase the frequency and complexity of cooperative power control. In this study, a novel electromechanical–hydraulic-power-coupled electric vehicle is developed and investigated. This vehicle integrates a conventional electric motor with a hydraulic pump/motor to interconvert electrical, mechanical, and hydraulic energies, while a rule-based dynamic optimal energy management strategy is designed to achieve dynamic switching of operating modes according to the operating conditions. Thus, the power-switching sensitivity is reduced by adding a delay determination link to the Stateflow. Results show that the addition of the delay link has a small effect on classical road conditions and significant suppression of road conditions with high-power-switching frequency. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper improves the energy efficiency, stability, and economic performance of electrohydraulic-power-coupled electric vehicles, which will hopefully provide a good reference for the development of electrohydraulic vehicles.
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Peri, Reuven, M. L. Chan, Richard W. Osborne i Wayne A. Weber. "A Coordinated Load Management System for Allegheny Electric Cooperative, Inc." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 2, nr 3 (sierpień 1987): 707–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.1987.4335198.
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