Artykuły w czasopismach: „Cementation”

1

Wu, Ya Sheng, Da Kang Zhong, Nan Sheng Qiu i Kang Ning Liu. "Diagenesis and Controlling Factors of Kalashayi Clastic Reservoir in South of Tahe Oilfield". Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (maj 2012): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.85.

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The Kalashayi sandstone reservoir deposited in tidal-flat facies. Main diagenesis include compaction, cementation and dissolution, which compaction belongs to middle-weak, point to linear contact between grains and pore-space cementation by carbonate rocks; dissolution features that feldspar grains and carbonate cementation’s dissolution. The reservoir is mesopore and medium permeability reservoir in a current depth of 4800-5300m. The reason cause this mesopore and medium permeability reservoir are considered as the following factors. The physical properties of reservoirs are mainly controlled by sedimentary microfacies and diagenesis. The strong tidal channels and tidal creaks current leads to the composition of rock mineral pure, quartz content is high, the grains coarser, good sorting and low matrix. The early compaction was so little that some pores were conserved in carbonate cementation, and in the later diagenetic process, carbonate cementation were corroded to secondary pores.

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Xia, Yao Xian, Hong Bin Wang, Da Wang i Wen Xiu Zhao. "The Influence Factors and Enhancement Measures of the Quality of Well Cementation in the Hai-La-Er Area". Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (styczeń 2013): 1575–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1575.

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This article aims at the geology situation of Hai-la-er area, researches the influence factors of the quality of well cementation in the Hai-la-er area., establishes, improves and perfects the improvement measures of enhancing the quality of well cementation in the Hai-la-er area, and also produces notable effects in the filed test. In 2004, there were 11 well cementations in all and 5 of them were of high grade. The average sealing section was 1537 meters, and the factor of merit was 45.45%.

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Chin, Akane, Masaomi Ikeda, Tomohiro Takagaki, Toru Nikaido, Alireza Sadr, Yasushi Shimada i Junji Tagami. "Effects of Immediate and Delayed Cementations for CAD/CAM Resin Block after Alumina Air Abrasion on Adhesion to Newly Developed Resin Cement". Materials 14, nr 22 (21.11.2021): 7058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14227058.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of one week of Computer-aided design/Computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crown storage on the μTBS between resin cement and CAD/CAM resin composite blocks. The micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) test groups were divided into 4 conditions. There are two types of CAD/CAM resin composite blocks, namely A block and P block (KATANA Avencia Block and KATANA Avencia P Block, Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan) and two types of resin cements. Additionally, there are two curing methods (light cure and chemical cure) prior to the μTBS test—Immediate: cementation was performed immediately; Delay: cementation was conducted after one week of storage in air under laboratory conditions. The effect of Immediate and Delayed cementations were evaluated by a μTBS test, surface roughness measurements, light intensity measurements, water sorption measurements and Scanning electron microscope/Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDS) analysis. From the results of the μTBS test, we found that Delayed cementation showed significantly lower bond strength than that of Immediate cementation for both resin cements and both curing methods using A block. There was no significant difference between the two types of resin cements or two curing methods. Furthermore, water sorption of A block was significantly higher than that of P block. Within the limitations of this study, alumina air abrasion of CAD/CAM resin composite restorations should be performed immediately before bonding at the chairside to minimize the effect of humidity on bonding.

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Zoria, Olena, Оleksiy Ternovtsev i Dmytro Zoria. "Purification of concentrated waste water of pcb production from copper ions". Problems of Water supply, Sewerage and Hydraulic, nr 35 (31.05.2021): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2524-0021.2021.35.11-20.

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In modern conditions, it is important to create a comprehensive technology for processing wastewater containing copper compounds, with the disposal of precious metals, the organization of circulating water supply of the enterprise and obtaining safe for disposal sludge. Methods of sewage treatment of galvanic productions are considered. The results of experimental studies of the process of copper extraction from water by cementation on iron powder particles under static conditions are presented. The technological scheme of the reactor-cementator is given. The influence of various factors on the process of copper cementation – pH, concentration and ratio of iron and copper in the reaction mixture, contact time were studied. The time at which the greatest rate of change of residual copper concentration is observed is determined. The influence of the pH value of the cementation process was also determined. As a result of the obtained data, it is concluded that the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution affects the course of the contact exchange reaction. The higher the acidity of the solution, the higher the recovery rate of copper. Promising directions for the creation of closed water circulation systems in the process of copper wastewater treatment are outlined.

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Rodríguez-Collell, Juan Ramón, Damian Mifsut, Amparo Ruiz-Sauri, Luis Rodríguez-Pino, Eva María González-Soler i Alfonso Amador Valverde-Navarro. "Improving the cementation of the tibial component in knee arthroplasty". Bone & Joint Research 10, nr 8 (1.08.2021): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.108.bjr-2020-0524.r1.

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Aims The main objective of this study is to analyze the penetration of bone cement in four different full cementation techniques of the tibial tray. Methods In order to determine the best tibial tray cementation technique, we applied cement to 40 cryopreserved donor tibiae by four different techniques: 1) double-layer cementation of the tibial component and tibial bone with bone restrictor; 2) metallic cementation of the tibial component without bone restrictor; 3) bone cementation of the tibia with bone restrictor; and 4) superficial bone cementation of the tibia and metallic keel cementation of the tibial component without bone restrictor. We performed CT exams of all 40 subjects, and measured cement layer thickness at both levels of the resected surface of the epiphysis and the endomedular metaphyseal level. Results At the epiphyseal level, Technique 2 gave the greatest depth compared to the other investigated techniques. At the endomedular metaphyseal level, Technique 1 showed greater cement penetration than the other techniques. Conclusion The best metaphyseal cementation technique of the tibial component is bone cementation with cement restrictor. Additionally, if full tibial component cementation is to be done, the cement volume used should be about 40 g of cement, and not the usual 20 g. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(8):467–473.

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Mévrel, R., C. Duret i R. Pichoir. "Pack cementation processes". Materials Science and Technology 2, nr 3 (marzec 1986): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mst.1986.2.3.201.

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Wilson, P. R. "Low force cementation". Journal of Dentistry 24, nr 4 (lipiec 1996): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(95)00074-7.

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8

Sugano, Hiroyasu. "Remounting and Cementation". Journal of Japan Gnathology 7, nr 1-2 (1986): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14399/jacd1982.7.23.

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Nicholls, J. I. "Esthetic veneer cementation". Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 56, nr 1 (lipiec 1986): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(86)90273-8.

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Shirazy, Adel, Keyvan Khayer, Aref Shirazi, Abdolhamid Ansari i Ardeshir Hezarkhani. "Cementation exponent estimate in carbonate reservoirs: A new method". Global Journal of Computer Sciences: Theory and Research 10, nr 2 (30.10.2020): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjcs.v10i2.5894.

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There are two approaches for measuring hydrocarbon saturation: well log interpretation and usually developed formulas. Archie’s equation is one of the most fundamental equations used for water saturation calculation. Archie’s equation includes three factors: cementation factor, tortuosity and saturation exponent. Archie determines these factors based on lab results in sandstone and provides fixed value for them. Carbonate reservoirs have a variety of textures, shapes and distribution of pores; therefore, the mentioned factors, especially cementation are not considered constant. In this study, the relationship between cementation factor and density log was examined because cementation factor is defined as a parameter that has a close relationship with density. By calculating the matrix density and accordance factor between the matrix density and cementation factor from core’s analysis, a log will be generated that can estimate the variation of cementation factor around the borehole. This method is useable for calculating the cementation factor in carbonate rocks. Keywords: Cementation factor, carbonate reservoir, density, new method, exponents.

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Fabián, Martin, Peter Baláž i Jaroslav Briančin. "Study of the silver ions cementation after mechanical activation of cementator". Hydrometallurgy 97, nr 1-2 (czerwiec 2009): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2008.12.005.

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Gao, Hong, i Shuhong Dai. "Influence of Culture Medium on Cementation of Coarse Grains Based on Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation". Crystals 12, nr 2 (27.01.2022): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12020188.

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A main challenge in the large-scale application of the microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technique includes the low efficiency of the cementation of coarse grains. Actually, in the MICP treatment process, the cementation effect of the bonding points was more important than pore filling due to the large porosity for coarse grains. To achieve a better cementation effect at bonding points between coarse particles, the quick formation and growth of a biofilm is necessary. In this study, an optimized medium was proposed to improve the cementation effects for coarse materials. The optimized medium and other different media were used for bio-cementation tests with MICP. The viable cell concentrations, strengths, microscopic characteristics, biofilm contents, and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) contents were used to evaluate the bio-cementation and its effects. In bio-cementation tests, the optimized medium led to increased CaCO3 precipitation at the bonding points and better cementation effects compared to other media. Indeed, the strength of the sample treated with the optimized medium was more than 1.2–4 times higher that of the values for other media. The advantages of the optimized medium were demonstrated via bio-cementation tests.

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Wang, Dahai, Jinbu Li, Lili Liu, Ji Zhang, Zhanhai Yu i Jun Peng. "A New Method for Calculating the Cementation Exponent of Triple-Porosity Media Reservoirs". Geofluids 2022 (10.01.2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4336067.

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The value of a cementation exponent, usually obtained by rock and electricity experiments, significantly affects the calculation of water saturation, thickness of the hydrocarbon reservoir, and recovery rate. The determination of the cementation exponent for porous-media reservoirs has been a challenge because of the limited core sampling. A new method was proposed to determine the value of cementation exponent for complex triple-porosity media reservoirs in the work. Firstly, the work discussed the effects of fractures and nonconnected vugs on the cementation exponent of the reservoir as well as the calculation method of the cementation exponent of the dual-porosity media reservoir. Then, a new model for calculating the cementation exponent of triple-porosity media reservoirs was derived by combining the Maxwell-Garnett theory and series-parallel theory, which matched with the real physical-experiment data of rocks. The results showed that the fractures decreased the cementation exponent of the reservoir but the vugs increased. The mixture of matrix pores, fractures, and vugs made the value of the cementation exponent of the triple-porosity media reservoir vary around 2.0. The conductivity of the triple-porosity media reservoir was the external macroscopic expression of the microscopic conductive network. The new calculation model of the cementation exponent proposed in the work could reasonably predict the cementation exponent of the strongly inhomogeneous triple-porosity media reservoir.

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Olsen, Casper, Thanong Hongdul i Ida Lykke Fabricius. "Prediction of Archie’s cementation factor from porosity and permeability through specific surface". GEOPHYSICS 73, nr 2 (marzec 2008): E81—E87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2837303.

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Based on Archie’s cementation factor as measured on North Sea chalk and on published data, we explore how the cementation factor depends on other physical properties of the chalk. A relationship between cementation factor and specific surface with respect to bulk volume is obtained for chalk. This leads to how Archie’s cementation factor may be predicted from porosity and permeability for chalk as well as for sandstone. A common relationship between cementation factor and specific surface with respect to bulk volume calculated from porosity and permeability is obtained. As an alternative, the [Formula: see text]-factor in Archie’s equation is related to specific surface with respect to bulk volume, but the relationship is less clear than the simple relationship between cementation factor and specific surface.

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Xie, Ming, Wei Yang, Mingzhu Zhao, Yingyan Li, Yuan Deng, Yang Gao, Changfu Xu i in. "Diagenetic Facies Controls on Differential Reservoir-Forming Patterns of Mixed Shale Oil Sequences in the Saline Lacustrine Basin". Minerals 13, nr 2 (18.01.2023): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13020143.

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The Permian Lucaogou Formation has developed mixed shale reservoirs, but there are few studies on the diagenetic facies, and the control effect of differential diagenesis on the reservoir capacity of shale oil reservoirs in this area is not clear. Therefore, shale samples of the Lucaogou Formation were systematically selected in this study, and through cast thin sections, field emission scanning electron microscopy, XRD mineral analysis, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and high-pressure mercury injection experiments, the reservoir capacity of the shale oil reservoirs was evaluated from the perspective of diagenetic evolution. The results show that the shale oil reservoir of the Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag is in the middle diagenetic stage A. The diagenetic evolution sequence is compaction—chlorite cementation—silica cementation—first-stage carbonate cementation—first-stage dissolution of authentic albite—illite/smectite mixed layer cementation—second-stage carbonate cementation—second-stage dissolution. The shale reservoirs are divided into five diagenetic facies: tuffaceous–feldspar dissolution facies, mixed cementation dissolution facies, chlorite thin-membrane facies, carbonate cementation facies and mixed cementation compact facies. Among them, the former two diagenetic facies have strong dissolution and weak cementation and are high-quality diagenetic facies, mainly characterized by large pore volume and good pore connectivity, with relatively low D2 values defined as the fractal dimension of mesopores. On the basis of the above research, three different control models of Lucaogou Formation shale oil reservoirs are proposed, including dissolution to increase pores, chlorite cementation to preserve pores, and strong compaction cementation to reduce pores. The quality of reservoirs developed in this model is successively high, medium, and low. This work can provide guidance for the fine characterization and grading evaluation of mixed shale oil reservoirs in saline lake basins and has important theoretical and practical significance for the prediction of shale oil “sweet spot” distribution.

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Laubertová, Martina, Alexandra Kollová, Jarmila Trpčevská, Beatrice Plešingerová i Jaroslav Briančin. "Hydrometallurgical Treatment of Converter Dust from Secondary Copper Production: A Study of the Lead Cementation from Acetate Solution". Minerals 11, nr 12 (27.11.2021): 1326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11121326.

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The subject of interest in this study was lead cementation with zinc from solution after conventional agitate acidic leaching of converter dust from secondary copper production. The kinetics of lead cementation from an acid solution of lead acetate using zinc powder was studied. The optimal cementation conditions for removing lead from the solution were determined to have a stirring intensity of 300 rpm, a zinc particle size distribution <0.125–0.4> mm and an ambient temperature. Under these conditions, an almost 90% efficiency in removing lead from solution was achieved. The cementation precipitate contains Pb, and a certain amount of Cu. Lead is present in the cementation precipitate in the PbO, Pb5O8 and Pb(Cu2O2) phases. The solution after cementation was also refined from copper. The solution can be used for further processing in order to obtain a marketable Zn-based product. The resulting cementation precipitate can be further processed and modified to obtain a lead-based product. A kinetic study of the process of lead cementation from solution was also carried out. Based on experimental measurements, the value of apparent activation energy (Ea) which was found to be ~18.66 kJ·mol−1, indicates that this process is diffusion controlled in the temperature range 293–333 K.

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Kiran, Manish, Arpit Jariwala i Carlos A. Wigderowitz. "Evaluation of the Cementation Index as a Predictor of Failure in Coonrad-Morrey Total Elbow Arthroplasty". Advances in Orthopedic Surgery 2014 (17.03.2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/243823.

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Background. The aim of this study is to objectively evaluate the quality of cementation by a novel method called the cementation index and assess its utility as a predictor of failure. Materials and Methods. Fifty elbows with primary Coonrad-Morrey total elbow replacement were included. The quality of cementing was assessed by novel methods, the vertical and horizontal cementation index, which were statistically evaluated as predictors of failure. The mean period of followup was 8.08±2.95 years (range: from 5.08 to 10.25 years). Results. The mean vertical cementation index of the humerus (vCIH) was 1.22 ± 0.28 and that of the ulna (vCIU) was 1.10±0.18. Radiolucent zones were noted in two cases in the humerus with a horizontal cementation index of 0.21 and 0.14, respectively. Both of the cementation indices were not found to be statistically significant predictors of failure (P>0.05). The five-year survival rate was 94%. Discussion and Conclusion. The cementation index, being a ratio, reduces the confounding effect of taking radiographs in different positions of the limb with different magnification in followup radiographs. It is an easy and objective method of assessment of cementation, the results of which need to be validated by a larger study.

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Fernandez, A. L., i J. C. Santamarina. "Effect of cementation on the small-strain parameters of sands". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 38, nr 1 (1.02.2001): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t00-081.

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Natural cementation affects the properties of soils, the interpretation of in situ and laboratory test results, and the selection of criteria for geotechnical design. In this paper, published experimental studies are reviewed, a microscale analysis is presented of the effect of cementation on small-strain stiffness for distinct stress-cementation histories, and the effect of cementation on small-strain velocity and damping is experimentally studied. Observations include the prevailing effects of cementation over effective stress, the coexistence of frictional and viscous losses, and the effects of decementation when the medium is unloaded from the level of confinement prevailing during cementation.Key words: wave velocity, seismic response, stiffness, damping, sampling effects, loading history.

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Zhang, Aobo, Shida Chen, Dazhen Tang, Shuling Tang, Taiyuan Zhang, Yifan Pu i Bin Sun. "The Study on Diagenetic Characteristics of Coal Measures Sandstone Reservoir in Xishanyao Formation, Southern Margin of the Junggar Basin". Energies 15, nr 15 (29.07.2022): 5499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155499.

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The reservoir physical properties, pore types, diagenetic characteristics and reservoir quality controlling effect of the Xishanyao formation coal measure sandstone in the southern margin of the Junggar basin were discussed in this study based on thin section observation, high pressure mercury injection, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and scanning electron microscope observation. The result shows that the porosity and permeability of the sandstone are generally low with a medium-high texture maturity and low compositional maturity. The sandstone storage space is mainly composed of residual intergranular pores, secondary dissolution pores, inter-crystalline pores and micro-fractures. The diagenetic stage of coal measure sandstone is in the mesodiagenesis A1-A2 stage, and their diagenetic interaction types mainly include compaction, cementation and dissolution. The reservoir quality of the coal measure sandstone deteriorates by compaction due to high matrix content and plastic debris content. Because of the large amounts of organic acids generated during the thermal evolution of the coal measure source rock, the coal measure sandstone suffers from strong dissolution. The secondary dissolution pores formed by the massive dissolution of feldspar, lithic fragments and early carbonate cementation in the sandstone significantly improved the reservoir quality. In the coal measure sandstone, clay mineral cementation is the most developed cementation form, followed by quartz cementation and carbonate cementation. Although kaolinite cementation and dolomite cementation can generate a small number of inter-crystalline pores, cementation deteriorates the reservoir quality. The Xishanyao formation coal measure sandstone formed in a lacustrine-delta environment, and its composition and texture make it susceptible to the influence of compaction and dissolution during diagenesis.

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Fu, Jing, i Sheng He Wu. "Research on Diagenetic Facies of Low Permeability Reservoir: A Case Study of the Yanchang Formation in Longdong Area, Ordos Basin". Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (grudzień 2012): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.145.

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Based on data of cast thin section, cathode luminescence and scanning electron microscope, the present paper comprehensively investigated the types and quantitative intensity of reservoir diagenesis of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in Longdong area of Ordos Basin, distinguished the types of diagenetic facies from the aspect of quantitative index. The intensity calculation and classification of compaction, cementation and dissolution indicates that the Yanchang Formation of Longdong area experienced strong compaction including medium to strong compaction and extremely strong compaction locally for the high contents of matrix. There is great difference in cementation intensity which presents mainly in weak cementation with local medium to strong cementation. Dissolution is strong in study area mainly in medium to strong. The reservoir could be divided into eight types of diagenetic facies, including medium compaction with strong dissolution face, medium compaction with medium dissolution face, medium compaction with medium cementation and medium dissolution face, strong compaction with strong dissolution face, strong compaction with medium dissolution face, medium compaction with strong cementation face, strong compaction with strong cementation face and extremely strong compaction face. The reservoir quality of different diagenetic facies has a significant difference.

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D'Souza, Raina, Omkar Shetty, Padmapriya Puppala i Nitin Shetty. "A Better Bond: Luting Simplified". International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry 2, nr 2 (2012): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10019-1053.

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ABSTRACT A precise cementation is vital for a successful restoration. The adverse effects of improper cementation could result in premature occlusion, loosening of the restoration and pulpitis. The completeness of seating a restoration is influenced by vibration, venting, altering the morphology, brush technique, seating force, finger pressure and occlusal support. This article reviews and compares the different techniques for cementation and puts forth the optimal cementation procedure. How to cite this article D'Souza R, Shetty O, Puppala P, Shetty N. A Better Bond: Luting Simplified. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(2):77-81.

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Haddad, Marcela Filié, Eduardo Passos Rocha i Wirley Gonçalves Assunção. "Cementation of Prosthetic Restorations". Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 22, nr 3 (maj 2011): 952–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0b013e31820fe205.

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KUHL, MARK A. "A FINAL CEMENTATION TECHNIQUE". Journal of the American Dental Association 128, nr 9 (wrzesień 1997): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1997.0407.

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Haszeldine, R. Stuart. "Quartz Cementation in Sandstones." Basin Research 13, nr 3 (wrzesień 2001): 377–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0950-091x.2001.00153.x.

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Cao, Yang, i Paul Duby. "Cobalt cementation with ferromanganese". Hydrometallurgy 61, nr 3 (sierpień 2001): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-386x(01)00176-1.

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Wilson, P. R. "Crown behaviour during cementation". Journal of Dentistry 20, nr 3 (czerwiec 1992): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(92)90128-y.

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Naumov, K. D., i V. G. Lobanov. "Features of gold cementation in percolation mode by electrolytic zinc powders". Izvestiya Vuzov. Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya (Universities' Proceedings Non-Ferrous Metallurgy), nr 1 (19.02.2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2020-1-19-26.

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The study covers physicochemical features of dendritic zinc powders and their effect on gold cementation from cyanide solutions. Three zinc powders were obtained in a laboratory environment by electroextraction at different conditions, and these powders featured various particle size and specific surface area. The properties of zinc powders obtained and powder currently used for gold cementation were evaluated using SEM (Jeol JSM-6390LA), BET (Gemini VII 2390) and laser diffraction (Sympatec HELOS & RODOS) methods. It is shown that electrolytic powders have high specific surface area (1.3–2.6 times more) and a low bulk density (3.1–3.8 times less), relative to zinc powder currently used for gold cementation. It was found that due to specific physical properties electrolytic powders have low hydraulic resistance, which eliminates the need for inert additives introduced during cementation, increases unit capacity and reduces the load on equipment. Inert additives elimination will additionally increase the gold content in the resulting product. The dendritic morfology of zinc powders obtained compensates high particle size resulting in the high efficiency of gold precipitation. At the long cementation cycle the effective gold deposition area (with gold extraction of more than 97 %) turned out to be shorter for electrolytic powder compared to fine powder currently used. However, in practice, the cementation cycle is always limited by fine powder throughput and it is not possible to achieve the full zinc potential. The resulting cementation product usually contains 25–35 % of unused zinc. These studies show the effectiveness of using electrolytic zinc powder for gold cementation from cyanide solutions.

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Randall, Dustin J., Mike B. Anderson, Jeremy M. Gililland, Christopher L. Peters i Christopher E. Pelt. "A potential need for surgeon consensus: Cementation techniques for total knee arthroplasty in orthopedic implant manufacturers’ guidelines lack consistency". Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 27, nr 3 (1.09.2019): 230949901987825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499019878258.

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Aim: Given recent concerns regarding the influence of different cements and implants on the rate of aseptic failures in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), we wondered if cementation technique could play a role. The primary aim of this review was to collect and compare the surgeon education materials from eight orthopedic implant manufacturers to evaluate the manufacturers’ recommended cementation technique in TKA and identify if there was any consistency in these readily available guides as to the best practices of cementation of their implants. Materials and Methods: We reviewed contemporary surgeon education guidelines for all TKA systems available from eight manufacturers. Variables included: cement type, batches prepared, surface preparation prior to application, cleaning and/or drying the bone surface, mixing the cement, the waiting phase after the cement has been mixed prior to application, pressurizing the cement, location of cement application, and the curing time. Data were recorded and organized for qualitative comparisons. Results: We identified a total of 43 guides covering 38 implants from eight different manufacturers. There were 41 surgical technique guides and two general brochures regarding cementation techniques available from the manufacturers. Even within the manufacturers’ own guidelines for the different implants, there was a wide variety of differing guidelines on many aspects of the cementation technique. Conclusion: There is clearly no consensus for a preferred cementation technique both within and among manufacturers’ surgeon education materials regarding tibial baseplate cementation during TKA. Efforts may be needed to identify a best-practice cementation technique in an effort to reduce the number of TKA failures associated with aseptic loosening.

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Xu, Xichen, Hongxian Guo, Meng Li i Xuejie Deng. "Bio-cementation improvement via CaCO3 cementation pattern and crystal polymorph: A review". Construction and Building Materials 297 (sierpień 2021): 123478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123478.

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Hu, Shu Gang, Xian Jun Lu, Hai Li Niu i Zi Qiao Jin. "Research on Preparation and Properties of Backfilling Cementation Material Based on Blast Furnace Slag". Advanced Materials Research 158 (listopad 2010): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.158.189.

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The blast-furnace slag (BFS) has been characterized by chemical and phase composition to evaluate its hydration reactivity. It has high potential activity for its glassy structure, so its use to prepare new filling cementation material is possible. New backfilling cementation material composition has been formulated and optimized by activation of BFS. The optimal formula of new backfilling cementation material SL(Slag activated by lime) and SLG(Slag activated by lime and desulfurization gypsume) was 87% BFS ,13% lime and 78.4% BFS, 11.8% lime, 9.8% desulfurization gypsume respectively. Finally, the feature of cementation properties was analyzed through comparison between new cementation material and ordinary Portland cement with compressive strength, water requirement of normal consistence, setting time, bleeding water and slump. The result showed that material SL and SLG have superior performance to ordinary Portland cement used to mining cemented filling.

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Byun, Yong-Hoon, Won-Taek Hong i Hyung-Koo Yoon. "Characterization of Cementation Factor of Unconsolidated Granular Materials Through Time Domain Reflectometry with Variable Saturated Conditions". Materials 12, nr 8 (24.04.2019): 1340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12081340.

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The cementation factor is necessary to determine porosity via the Archie equation, and its range of values has been suggested in many previous studies. However, the cementation factors in the literature are limited to fully saturated conditions, and it may thus be inaccurate to use the same value in other saturation conditions. The objective of this study is to characterize how the cementation factor varies depending on the saturation percentage. In this study, glass beads and soil are selected as the specimens, and two relative density values, 40% and 80%, are selected. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is used to obtain both the saturation and electrical resistivity of the specimens. TDR is installed in the cell, and fluid is continuously circulated from the bottom to the top of the porous material for 30 min. The estimated saturation increases with time and the electrical resistivity is reduced during the circulation. Finally, the cementation factor at every saturated stage is determined, and the error ratio based on the porosity is calculated to show the importance of the cementation factor. The results show that there is a high error ratio when an unsuitable cementation factor that does not consider the saturation condition is used. This study demonstrates that the method for determining the actual cementation factor using TDR and the Archie equation can be applied in various saturation conditions.

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Khudenko, Boris Mikhail. "Mechanism and Kinetics of Cementation Processes". Water Science and Technology 17, nr 4-5 (1.04.1985): 719–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1985.0174.

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The physics of cementation processes (metal displacement) have been analyzed. An important effect of the intermediate species, hydrogen, H+, and hydride, H−, on the mechanism of cementation has been shown. The possibility of either diffusional or migrational (electric current) transport of active species has been suggested. A kinetic model of the cementation migration regime has been developed and partially verified by experimental data.

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33

Han, Tongcheng, Zhoutuo Wei i Li-Yun Fu. "Cementation exponent as a geometric factor for the elastic properties of granular rocks". GEOPHYSICS 85, nr 6 (1.11.2020): MR341—MR349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0250.1.

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A geometric factor properly describing the microstructure of a rock is compulsory for effective medium models to accurately predict the elastic and electrical rock properties, which, in turn, are of great importance for interpreting data acquired by seismic and electromagnetic surveys, two of the most important geophysical methods for understanding the earth. Despite the applications of cementation exponent for the successful modeling of electrical rock properties, however, there has been no demonstration of cementation exponent as the geometric factor for the elastic rock properties. We have developed a workflow to model the elastic properties of clean and normal granular rocks through the combination of effective medium modeling approaches using cementation exponent as the geometric factor. Based on the dedicated modeling approaches, we find that cementation exponent can be adequately used as a geometric factor for the elastic properties of granular rocks. Further results highlight the effects of cementation exponent on the elastic and joint elastic-electrical properties of granular rocks. The results illustrate the promise of cementation exponent as a geometric link for the joint elastic-electrical modeling to better characterize the earth through integrated seismic and electromagnetic surveys.

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Hou, Yun Bing, Bo Peng, Bing Wen Wang, Hui Yu, Xin Jie Kong i Ling Gen Kong. "Study on the Cementitious Proportion of Cemented Mine Tailings". Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (wrzesień 2013): 499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.499.

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The cementation technology to deal with the mine tailings is adding cementation material and then dehydrating tailings and piling on suitable spot. In order to find the law of the mixing ratio of the cementitious material of the mine tailings of Xishimen Iron Mine, Portland cement and cementitious material A are selected to be compared in the experiment of strength test of cementation of the mine tailings of Xishimen Iron Mine. The result shows that both kinds of cementitious materials can meet the needs when the mixing ratio is 2-3%, but the cementation performance of material A is better than Portland cement. The experiment of adding admixture to improve the cementation performance of material A is carried and the result shows that Na2CO3 and KAl(SO4)2•12H2O can improve the strength of cemented whole tailings while Na2SO4 , CaSO4 and Na2SiO3is helpless to improve the strength.

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Choi, Sanghyeon, Sanghee Jeon, Ilhwan Park, Mayumi Ito i Naoki Hiroyoshi. "Enhanced Cementation of Co2+ and Ni2+ from Sulfate and Chloride Solutions Using Aluminum as an Electron Donor and Conductive Particles as an Electron Pathway". Metals 11, nr 2 (2.02.2021): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11020248.

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Cobalt and nickel have become important strategic resources because they are widely used for renewable energy technologies and rechargeable battery production. Cementation, an electrochemical deposition of noble metal ions using a less noble metal as an electron donor, is an important option to recover Co and Ni from dilute aqueous solutions of these metal ions. In this study, cementation experiments for recovering Co2+ and Ni2+ from sulfate and chloride solutions (pH = 4) were conducted at 298 K using Al powder as electron donor, and the effects of additives such as activated carbon (AC), TiO2, and SiO2 powders on the cementation efficiency were investigated. Without additives, cementation efficiencies of Co2+ and Ni2+ were almost zero in both sulfate and chloride solutions, mainly because of the presence of an aluminum oxide layer (Al2O3) on an Al surface, which inhibits electron transfer from Al to the metal ions. Addition of nonconductor (SiO2) did not affect the cementation efficiencies of Co2+ and Ni2+ using Al as electron donor, while addition of (semi)conductors such as AC or TiO2 enhanced the cementation efficiencies significantly. The results of surface analysis (Auger electron spectroscopy) for the cementation products when using TiO2/Al mixture showed that Co and Ni were deposited on TiO2 particles attached on the Al surface. This result suggests that conductors such as TiO2 act as an electron pathway from Al to Co2+ and Ni2+, even when an Al oxide layer covered on an Al surface.

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36

Kolmachikhina, A. B., A. V. Sviridov i K. D. Naumov. "Study into the effect of sodium lignosulfonate, anionic surfactants and their mixtures on the rate of copper ion cementation by zinc". Izvestiya Vuzov. Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya (Universities' Proceedings Non-Ferrous Metallurgy), nr 4 (14.08.2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2020-4-29-35.

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The article focuses on the effect of sodium lignosulfonate (LS), anionic surfactants (sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS)), and their mixtures on the rate of copper cementation by zinc. The results obtained demonstrate a decrease in copper cementation rate with the increasing LS and SDBS concentrations. There was also excessive zinc consumption for copper ion cementation noted due to LS and SDBS anion adsorption on positively charged zinc cathodic areas of the cementing agent and the precipitate. This led to a decrease in the rate of copper particle nucleation, energy consumption for forming new copper nucleation centers, and conditions for hydrogen overpotential reduction. In addition, rising temperature led to a decrease in zinc consumption in the presence of LS. Surfactants under investigation may be ranked by the negative impact on copper ion cementation in an ascending order as follows: SDS < SDBS < LS. LS + SDS mixture testing showed its irregular effect on copper cementation rate at test temperatures. Experiments with LS and SDBS mixtures demonstrated a linear decrease in copper ion cementation rate with increasing SDBS concentration and simultaneously rising zinc consumption. Due to the negative impact of investigated reagents discovered, we proposed a method for removing organic impurities from solutions using multilayered aluminosilicates modified by cationic surfactants. The results obtained indicate the high effectiveness of organic impurity removal from solutions providing for a 50 % increase in cementation rate in the presence of LS + SDBS mixture together with a decrease in zinc consumption.

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Konstantinov, V. M., i I. A. Buloichyk. "Influence of sherardizing on working properties of metal parts subjected to prior heat treatment". Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), nr 4 (16.12.2020): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2020-4-131-138.

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The article reveals the data concerning the mechanical properties changes of heat-treated steel articles subjected to thermo diffusion pack cementation. The temperature frames of thermo diffusion influence on tensile strength were determined for heat-treaded steel articles. Results of tensile test of high strength bolts treated using thermo diffusion pack cementation at 420 °C show no any effect from the side of pack cementation treatment on working properties of the tested samples. It is shown that in conditions of cyclic fatigue loading thermo diffusion pack cementation of heat treated article may leads to strength loss that can be explained by formation of solid intermetallic phases in a surface area of the article.

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38

Mei, Yu Kun, Ming Li, Lu Liu, Biao Zhou i Xiao Yang Guo. "Research of Influences on Second Interface Cementation Performance in Well Cementation of Adding Metakaolin into Drilling Fluid". Materials Science Forum 847 (marzec 2016): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.847.519.

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It is difficult for conventional drilling fluid filter cake to form integration cementation with cement sheath, which causing weak cementation of the second interface. Therefore the following researches on improving the second interface cementation strength were carried out based on alkali activation mechanism of metakaolin. Cementation strength between metakaolin drilling fluid filter cake and cement sheath has been observed; the mechanism has been analyzed through SEM, XRD and FT-IR; engineering application performance of metakaolin drilling fluid has been studied; and circulation time of the technology has been researched. The results of the experiments showed that: 1) adding metakaolin into drilling fluid was helpful to improve the second interface cementing performance; 2) calcium hydroxide produced by cement hydration inspired metakaolin to generate C-S-H gel and realized overall cementation of filter cake and cement sheath; 3) through select particle size of metakaolin matched with other solids in drilling fluid, drilling fluid performance index could meet requirements of engineering application; 4) and for best results, the circulation time of metakaolin drilling fluid should be more than 40 minutes. The results prove that metakaolin drilling fluid can improve the second interface cementation performance, showing feasibility on flied using and practical values on improving wellbore integrity.

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Hronček, Pavel, Bohuslava Gregorová, Dana Tometzová i Miloš Jesenský. "Scientific journeys to one of the oldest copper cementation sites in Central Europe (Smolník, Slovakia)". History of Geo- and Space Sciences 12, nr 2 (14.10.2021): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hgss-12-179-2021.

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Abstract. The process of copper cementation has already been known since the period of antiquity in Europe. Nevertheless, the first historically relevant reports come from the 14th century from the mining town of Smolník in Upper Hungary (present-day Slovakia), which makes this site the oldest place of the commercial production of copper using cementation in Europe. It is one of the oldest known sites in the world after China, where this process has been used since the 11th century. The cementation copper from Smolník was considered to be a high-quality copper in the period between the 14th and 19th century and was an important export product of Hungary. The study processes the history of cementation and discusses the production process of the artificial cementation water, as well as its subsequent mining and sedimentation. A detailed description of the technological progress of cementation from the earliest times up to the first half of the 19th century is given. The study is based upon the historical works of medieval alchemists and the first miners and naturalists, which were published as early scientific books in Europe from the 16th to the 18th century. These findings are complemented by original archival research.

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40

Gomez, Michael G., Jason T. DeJong i Collin M. Anderson. "Effect of bio-cementation on geophysical and cone penetration measurements in sands". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 55, nr 11 (listopad 2018): 1632–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2017-0253.

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Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a potentially environmentally conscious ground improvement method that can improve the engineering properties of granular soils through the precipitation of calcite. In this study, an experiment involving two 1.7 m diameter tank specimens was completed to investigate the effect of bio-cementation on cone penetrometer and geophysical measurements in sands. Following nonuniform bio-cementation treatments, specimens achieved calcite contents ranging from 0.5% to 5.3% by mass, shear wave velocity (Vs) values between 131 and 967 m/s, and mid-depth cone penetration resistances (qc) ranging between 3.6 and 32.1 MPa. At calcite contents exceeding 5.0%, qcand Vsimprovements were as high as 527% and 686%, respectively. Although cone penetration resistance, sleeve friction, and friction ratio measurements exhibited limited sensitivity to bio-cementation at calcite contents of less than 3.0%, Vsmeasurements successfully detected bio-cementation at calcite contents near 1.0%. When qcand Vsmeasurements were compared at similar locations, increases in an empirical parameter (KG) enabled improved detection of bio-cementation at calcite contents near 0.5%. Large increases in normalized tip resistances (Qtn) and small decreases in normalized friction ratios (Fr) with increasing bio-cementation resulted in cemented materials plotting near and within the gravelly sand and sand-like dilative soil behavioral type regions using two soil behavior type (SBT) charts.

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41

Al-Tahini, Ashraf M., Carl H. Sondergeld i Chandra S. Rai. "Effect of cementation on ultrasonic velocities in sandstones". GEOPHYSICS 72, nr 2 (marzec 2007): E53—E58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2431327.

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We determine the acoustic velocities for samples cored from the Jauf and Unayzah sandstone formations of Saudi Arabia. We use microstructural analysis including thin sections and point counting to quantify cementation. Velocities in these formations are strongly controlled by the combination of porosity and cementation. Consequently, rocks of similar porosity but with different cementation materials display different velocities. The objective of this study is to understand the effect of cementation on the acoustic velocity. Cements in these two formations have variable compositions and properties. Pure quartz overgrowth plays a major role in increasing velocities while clay and clay coatings play a minor role. We found that clay coatings inhibit the quartz overgrowth cement leading to a decrease in velocities. Understanding the influence of various cementation types on velocity, and thus elastic properties in sandstone cores, enables an understanding of the variation of sonic velocities and moduli across these formations. The uniqueness of this study is that we emphasize the quantification of the role of cement and not just mineral volume.

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Shishkin, Andrei, Viktors Mironovs, Hong Vu, Pavel Novak, Janis Baronins, Alexandr Polyakov i Jurijs Ozolins. "Cavitation-Dispersion Method for Copper Cementation from Wastewater by Iron Powder". Metals 8, nr 11 (8.11.2018): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8110920.

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The circular economy for sustainable economic deployment is strongly based on the re-use of secondary products and waste utilization. In the present study, a new effective cementation method for recovering valuable metallic copper from industrial wastewater using Fe0 powders is reported. A high-speed mixer-disperser (HSMD) capable of providing a cavitation effect was used for the rapid intake, dispersion, and mixing of Fe0 powder in an acidic wastewater solution (pH ≈ 2.9) containing copper ions mainly in the form of CuSO4. Three iron powders/particles were tested as the cementation agent: particles collected from industrial dust filters (CMS), water-atomized iron-based powder AHC100.29, and sponge-iron powder NC100.24. The effects of mixing regimes and related mixing conditions on the effectiveness of the Cu cementation process were evaluated by comparison between the HSMD and a laboratory paddle mixer. It was observed that the use of cavitation provided more efficient copper removal during the copper cementation process in comparison to the standard experiments with the propeller mixer. Under the cavitation regime, about 90% of copper was cemented in the first five minutes and the final copper removal of 95% was achieved using all three Fe0 powders after seven minutes of cementation. In comparison, only around 55% of copper was cemented in the first seven minutes of cementation using the traditional mixing method.

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Hou, Yusong, Bill X. Hu, Su Liu, Hu Xin i Jichun Wu. "Using a Pore-Scale Modelling Approach to Study Solute Dilution Process through Cemented Porous Media". Geofluids 2022 (25.10.2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8944803.

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In this study, a pore-scale simulation method is applied to quantitatively study the variation of solute dilution through porous media with different cementation degrees and explore the corresponding mechanisms. The study results indicated that the cementation degrees of the solid grains had a significant effect on the solute dilution process and that the influence was very complicated. The complexity was manifested in that the effect of rising cementation degree on the solute dilution process would be different or even completely opposite in the porous media in which the solid grains cement slightly with that in porous media with a higher cementation degree. For example, for the porous media in which the solid grains were slightly cemented (the percentage of the cemented solid grains P c is less than 40%), the dilution effects became enhanced with the increase of cementation degree. Then, after P c increased to about 55%, the dilution effect was obviously weakened, and the solute was in an incomplete dilution state for a long period of time. In addition, this study found that the properties of the flow fields may vary greatly in porous media with different cementation degrees and that those differences in the flow fields resulted in the distinct behavior of the solute dilution. It is interesting to note that a more heterogeneous flow field had not necessarily led to the enhancement of the dilution process.

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44

Widarsono, Bambang. "The Importance Of Litho-Facies Distinction In Determining The Most Representative Cementation Factors For Well-Log Evaluation : An Old Issue Persistently Neglected". Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 34, nr 2 (14.03.2022): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.34.2.800.

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Cementation factor is a parameter always required in any conventional open-hole log analysis leading to determination of water saturation. Considering the central of water saturation in the estimation of hydrocarbon in place and reserves, any error in the use of the parameter may prove fatal. A common practice in the oil industry is that acquisition of laboratory-derived cementation factor has never been given a proper attention. It occurs very often that too few samples – hardly represent the rocks of reservoir of concern – are assigned for laboratory test. The practical use of the parameter in the log analysis also often draw question, in which un-representative cementation factor is arbitrarily used due to lack of the data. The effect of this practice has long been known but is often neglected – with all of its consequences – up to present day. This study tries to revive the awareness through presenting a fact that cementation factor may vary due to differences in litho-facies characteristics. Formation resistivity factor data from forty-seven limestone coreplug samples were taken from a West Java (WJ) field. Visual description over the samples has shown that they belong to several litho-facies types. Results of the study have mainly proved that different litho-facies type may have significantly different cementation factors. An averaging effect is also obvious when data from all samples are processed collectively. The effect of improper use of cementation factor is shown through the application of three water saturation models through which erroneous water saturation estimates are produced. The finding of the study is again hoped to reinforce the awareness of the use of proper and representative cementation factor

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45

Hu, Shu Gang, Hai Li Niu i Xian Jun Lu. "Preparation and its Application Performance of Backfilling Cementation Material Based on Blast Furnace Slag". Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (maj 2011): 2389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.2389.

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The blast-furnace slag （BFS）has been characterized by chemical and phase composition to evaluate its hydration reactivity. It has high potential activity for its glassy structure, so its use to prepare new filling cementation material is possible. New backfilling cementation material composition has been formulated and optimized by activation of BFS. The optimal formula of new backfilling cementation material SL(Slag activated by lime) and SLG(Slag activated by lime and desulfurization gypsum) was 87% BFS, 13% lime and 78.4% BFS, 11.8% lime, 9.8% desulfurization gypsum respectively. Finally, the feature of application performance was analyzed through comparison between new cementation material and ordinary Portland cement with paste and sand mortar experiment. The result showed that material SL and SLG have superior performance to ordinary Portland cement used to mining cemented filling.

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46

Cao, Jiangjun, Jinglan Luo, Mawutihan Madina, Weiyan Sheng, Qianru Mao, Shaohui Yu i Tao Yang. "Influence of differential diagenesis on pore evolution of the sandy conglomerate reservoir in different structural units: A case study of the Upper Permian Wutonggou Formation in eastern Junggar Basin, NW China". Open Geosciences 14, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 730–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0389.

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Abstract In order to study the differential diagenesis of sandy conglomerate reservoirs in different tectonic units in eastern Junggar Basin, and establish the differential temporal sequence of burial – diagenesis – hydrocarbon charging – pore evolution, the Upper Permian Wutonggou Formation sandy conglomerate reservoir in the Dongdaohaizi Sag and Baijiahai Uplift, eastern Junggar Basin are studied, based on observation of thin sections under microscope, measurement of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), physical properties, cathodoluminescence (CL), micro beam fluorescence, and analysis of fluid inclusions, combined with previous research results. The result shows that the reservoir displays a differential diagenetic process as they are situated at different tectonic units of the Dongdaohaizi Sag and the Baijiahai Uplift. The Dongdaohaizi Sag is dominated by continuous subsidence, the reservoir buried in relatively deep depths experienced three stages of hydrocarbon charging, which is more strongly affected by compaction, fracturing, dissolution, and late-stage cementation, the effect of middle-stage cementation is relatively weak. The pore evolution experienced four stages, including decreased porosity by shallow burial compaction, decreased porosity by moderate burial compaction and middle-stage cementation, decreased and increased porosity by moderate to deep burial middle-stage cementation and dissolution, and increased and decreased porosity by deep burial dissolution and late-stage cementation. The diagenetic stage had reached A2 sub-stage of mesodiagenesis, and the present porosity is relatively low; however, the developed structural fractures in the reservoir has played a good role in improving the reservoir seepage capacity. By contrast, the Baijiahai Uplift is characterized by multi-stage uplift, the reservoir buried in relatively shallow depths experienced two stages of hydrocarbon charging, which is more strongly affected by middle-stage cementation, with relatively weak compaction and dissolution, fracturing, and late-stage cementation was limited. The pore evolution experienced three stages, including decreased porosity by shallow burial compaction, decreased porosity by moderate burial compaction and middle-stage cementation, and decreased and increased porosity by moderate-deep burial middle-stage cementation and dissolution. The diagenetic stage has reached A1 sub-stage of mesodiagenesis, and the present porosity is relatively high. Two types of favorable reservoirs are developed in the study area. The first one is matrix pore favorable reservoir, which is mainly located in the area of the Baijiahai Uplift of the reservoir with relatively high porosity and permeability. The second one is structural fracture developed favorable reservoir, which is mainly located in the fault development area of the Dongdaohaizi Sag.

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47

Grinberga, Sanita, Evaggelia Papia, Jolanta Aleksejuniene, Vita Zalite, Janis Locs i Una Soboleva. "Effect of Temporary Cement, Surface Pretreatment and Tooth Area on the Bond Strength of Adhesively Cemented Ceramic Overlays—An In Vitro Study". Dentistry Journal 11, nr 1 (5.01.2023): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj11010019.

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Several viewpoints have been reported regarding the effect of temporary cements, different surface pretreatment protocols before adhesive cementation, and predictive factors. This in vitro study tested if temporary cement, pretreatment of the tooth surface, the size of enamel or dentine influence adhesive cementation to zirconia ceramics. Twenty premolars were prepared for determination of enamel and dentin area, bond strength test and failure analysis. The samples were divided into two groups: untreated prior adhesive cementation (n = 10) and with temporary cementation done, pretreated prior adhesive cementation (n = 10). Zirconia overlays (Katana Zirconia STML) were cemented on the grounded flat teeth surfaces using Panavia V5. An additional six premolars underwent dentine tubule analysis with SEM to detect temporary cement residues after temporary cementation on an untreated tooth surface (n = 3) and on a pretreated surface (n = 3). The independent sample t-test was used to compare the two groups and the means of the total tooth, dentin or enamel areas did not differ significantly between the untreated and pretreated specimens. The mean tensile bond strength was significantly (p = 0.005) higher in the pretreated specimens (337N) than in the untreated ones (204N). The overall multivariable linear regression model with three predictors (surface pre-treatment, enamel area and dentine area) was significant (p = 0.003), among which the size of enamel was the strongest predictor (β = 0.506; p = 0.049), followed by the pretreatment effect (β = 0.478; p = 0.001) and the size of dentin area (β = −0.105; p = 0.022).

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Liu, Lu, Hanlong Liu, Armin W. Stuedlein, T. Matthew Evans i Yang Xiao. "Strength, stiffness, and microstructure characteristics of biocemented calcareous sand". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 56, nr 10 (październik 2019): 1502–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2018-0007.

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Calcareous sands are known as problematic soils in nature and challenge geotechnical engineers in many practical projects. Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is an innovative soil improvement technique that uses biomineralisation processes to induce cementation in-situ. The work described in this paper investigates the strength, deformation, and microstructure characteristics of biocemented calcareous sand under different cementation solution to sample volume ratios. A series of laboratory experiments was conducted, including unconfined compressive strength tests, splitting, tensile (i.e., Brazilian) strength tests, and consolidated drained triaxial tests. The results indicate that an exponential function reasonably describes the unconfined compressive strength and splitting tensile strength with increasing cementation solution to sample volume ratios. The tangent modulus at 50% peak strength increases exponentially with an increase in cementation solution to sample volume ratio, whereas it increases linearly with an increase in strength. The strength parameters for this MICP-improved soil, including the peak cohesion and friction angle, are derived to facilitate engineering design. Microstructure analyses are used to illustrate the physical basis for the increase in strength and stiffness with increases in the calcite content, as demonstrated using the cementation solution to sample volume ratio.

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Rodrigues, Vanilde Rocha. "Effect of the action of diamond burs with high speed on the tensile strength of cores cemented with zinc phosphate at different preparation times". RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 63, nr 4 (grudzień 2015): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-8637201500032000052821.

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Objective: To know the finishing effect, in order to be able to safely proceed with the cores preparation in the daily clinic, without compromising the prosthetic restoration longevity. Methods: This study used 48 human single-rooted premolars, which after the section of its crowns, were endodontically treated, and its root canal prepared 8 mm deep to receive cores casting in cobalt-chrome alloy. Cementing was made with zinc phosphate and the tensile test performed at different preparation times: G1 - without re-preparation after cementation (control); G2 - re-prepared 24 hours after cementation, and G3 - re-prepared 15 minutes after cementation. Results: Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the tensile strength values in the different groups (p = 0.233), in other words, the core re-preparation 15 minutes or 24 hours after the cementation caused no significant reduction in tensile strength between the core and the root remaining when using the zinc phosphate cement. Conclusion: The metallic core re-preparation cast 15 minutes or 24 hours after cementation caused no significant reduction in tensile strength between the cast metallic core and the root remaining, although in absolute values there was an important difference.

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Hu, Shu Gang, Xian Jun Lu, Hai Li Niu i Lei Zhang. "Research on Cementing Performances of Environment-Friendly Backfilling Cementation Material Based on Blast Furnace Slag". Advanced Materials Research 454 (styczeń 2012): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.454.76.

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The blast-furnace slag （BFS）has been characterized by chemical and phase composition to evaluate its hydration reactivity. It has high potential activity for its glassy structure, so its use to prepare new filling cementation material is possible. New backfilling cementation material composition has been formulated and optimized by activation of BFS. The optimal formula of new backfilling cementation material SL(Slag activated by lime) and SLC(Slag activated by lime and calcium chloride) was 87% BFS ,13% lime and 86.84% BFS, 13.02% lime, 0.14% calcium chloride respectively. Finally, the feature of cementing properties was analyzed through comparison between new cementation material and ordinary Portland cement with compressive strength, water requirement of normal consistence, setting time, bleeding water and slump. The result showed that material SL and SLC have superior performance to ordinary Portland cement used to mining cemented filling.

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