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Beza, Abebe Dress, Mohammad Maghrour Zefreh, Adam Torok i Anteneh Afework Mekonnen. "How PTV Vissim Has Been Calibrated for the Simulation of Automated Vehicles in Literature?" Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (26.10.2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2548175.
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Recently, in the literature, microscopic simulation is one of the most attractive methods in impact assessment of automated vehicles (AVs) on traffic flow. AVs can be divided into different categories, each having different driving characteristics. Hence, calibrating microscopic simulators for different AV categories could be challenging in AVs’ impact assessment. The PTV Vissim microscopic traffic simulation software has been calibrated for simulating diverse types of AVs in a large body of literature. There are two main streams of studies in literature adapting AVs' driving behaviors in Vissim following either internal (i.e., adjusting the parameters of the Vissim's default driving behavior models) or external (i.e., adapting AVs' behavior through external VISSIM interfaces) modeling approaches. The current paper investigates how the PTV Vissim has been internally calibrated for the simulation of different types of AVs and compares the calibrated values in the literature with default values introduced in the recent version of PTV Vissim. In the present paper, the reviewed studies are partitioned into two main categories according to the characteristics of the studied AVs, the studies focused on autonomous automated vehicles (AAVs) and the ones focused on cooperative automated vehicles (CAVs). Our findings indicate that the literature expects a lower value for parameters including standstill distance (CC0), headway time (CC1), following variation (CC2), the threshold for entering “following” (CC3), negative/positive following thresholds (CC4/CC5), speed dependency of oscillation (CC6), oscillation acceleration (CC7), safety distance reduction factor (SDRF), and minimum headway front/rear (MinHW) for AVs than conventional vehicles (CVs). Besides, the literature expects higher values for parameters including standstill acceleration (CC8), acceleration at 80 km/h (CC9), looking distances, and maximum deceleration for cooperative braking (MaxDCB) for AVs. When cautious AVs are introduced, deterring effects are expected in the literature (e.g., higher CC0). Moreover, CAVs can have higher looking distance values compared with AAVs.
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Bespalova, T. Yu. "Distribution and genotypic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from humans and ruminants with common clinical and pathological phenotypes (neurolisterioses and abortions) (review)". Agricultural Science Euro-North-East 23, nr 2 (18.04.2022): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2022.23.2.145-158.
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Listeria (L.) monocytogenes is an intracellular food pathogen that causes listeriosis in mammals in the form of sporadic cases or large outbreaks with a high mortality rate among humans and domestic ruminants. The determination of the sequence type (ST) and the clonal complex (CC) by multilocus sequencing (MLST) and other methods in L. monocytogenes strains from different sources allowed us to establish the existence of strains with organ tropism and causing forms of listeriosis common to humans and ruminants. The purpose of the review was to generalize the available data on the distribution and genotypic diversity of L. monocytogenes strains isolated during neurolisteriosis and abortions, their adaptation in the environment to determine a possible link between listeriosis of ruminants and humans. In general, the analysis of the differential distribution of STs/CCs of L. monocytogenes associated with humans and ruminants showed their significant variation, as well as the predominance of CCs (CC1, CC2, CC4, CC6, CC7, CC8, CC14, CC29, CC37, etc.) common to the studied host groups. Neurolisterioses in humans are mainly associated with hypervirulent CC1, CC6, CC4, CC2, in ruminants - CC1 and CC4, as well as CC8-16 and CC412. A special association of ST1 (CC1) with human and bovine neurolisteriosis has been determined, indicating increased neurotropism of ST1. In small ruminants (goats, sheep), neurolisterioses are associated with various STs from phylogenetic lineages I and II. Most of L. monocytogenes strains isolated from abortions belonged to CC1, CC2, CC4, CC6, CC7, CC14 in humans and CC1, CC6, CC4-217, CC37 in ruminants. The detection of common isolates CC1, CC4-CC217, CC6, CC18, CC37 in ruminants and in their natural environment indicates that the farm environment is a reservoir for L. monocytogenes strains. In the Russian Federation, the prevalence of SТ7 isolates among all types of sources obtained on the territory of the country was noted. Future research should be aimed at studying the pathogenicity of L. monocytogenes strains with an increased tendency to cause diseases in humans and ruminants for better understanding the mechanisms of infection and strengthening the control over the spread of the pathogen in various ecological niches.
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Russell, Colin, Kadija Tahlil, Margaret Davis, Anna Winston, Taimi Amaambo, Ndapewa Hamunime, Ismelda Pietersen, Michael R. Jordan, Alice M. Tang i Steven Y. Hong. "Barriers to condom use among key populations in Namibia". International Journal of STD & AIDS 30, nr 14 (grudzień 2019): 1417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462419875884.
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Key populations (KPs), particularly female sex workers (FSWs) and men who have sex with men (MSM), are at increased risk for HIV. Namibia is a global priority for HIV prevention interventions. Marginalized communities must be provided effective and culturally appropriate means to prevent HIV, namely condom use. This cross-sectional analysis of data collected by The Society for Family Health was conducted from 2016 to 2017 in Namibia. Demographics and consistent condom use (CCU) barriers were analyzed among 621 FSWs, MSM, and Other KPs. From the data, 37% FSWs, 24% MSM, and 28% Other KPs were HIV-positive. One-quarter of FSWs and Other KPs reported CCU, while 46% MSM reported CCU. Consistent condom users were more likely to be HIV-negative, have achieved a higher education and use condom-compatible lubricant (CCL). In a multivariate model, higher education, being HIV-negative, and always using CCL remained independent correlates of CCU. Substance use and condom unavailability were the most commonly identified barriers to CCU. FSWs reported client-focused reasons for not using condoms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first peer-reviewed study assessing condom use behavior and associated factors among FSWs and MSM in Namibia.
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Pyz-Łukasik, Renata, Waldemar Paszkiewicz, Michał Kiełbus, Monika Ziomek, Michał Gondek, Piotr Domaradzki, Katarzyna Michalak i Dorota Pietras-Ożga. "Genetic Diversity and Potential Virulence of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates Originating from Polish Artisanal Cheeses". Foods 11, nr 18 (11.09.2022): 2805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11182805.
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Artisanal cheeses can be sources of Listeria monocytogenes and cause disease in humans. This bacterial pathogen is a species of diverse genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. The aim of the study was to characterize 32 isolates of L. monocytogenes isolated in 2014–2018 from artisanal cheeses. The isolates were characterized using whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The artisanal cheese isolates resolved to four molecular groups: 46.9% of them to IIa (1/2a-3a), 31.2% to IVb (4ab-4b-4d-4e), 12.5% to IIc (1/2c-3c), and 9.4% to IIb (1/2b-3b-7). Two evolutionary lineages emerged: lineage II having 59.4% of the isolates and lineage I having 40.6%. The sequence types (ST) totaled 18: ST6 (15.6% of the isolates), ST2, ST20, ST26, and ST199 (each 9.4%), ST7 and ST9 (each 6.3%), and ST1, ST3, ST8, ST16, ST87, ST91, ST121, ST122, ST195, ST217, and ST580 (each 3.1%). There were 15 detected clonal complexes (CC): CC6 (15.6% of isolates), CC9 (12.5%), CC2, CC20, CC26, and CC199 (each 9.4%), CC7 and CC8 (each 6.3%), and CC1, CC3, CC14, CC87, CC121, CC195, and CC217 (each 3.1%). The isolates were varied in their virulence genes and the differences concerned: inl, actA, LIPI-3, ami, gtcA, aut, vip, and lntA.
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Sharma, Rajat, Hilary Bews, Hardeep Mahal, Chantal Y. Asselin, Megan O’Brien, Lillian Koley, Brett Hiebert, John Ducas i Davinder S. Jassal. "In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: Effective Transition from an ICU- to CCU-Led Resuscitation Team". Journal of Interventional Cardiology 2019 (2.09.2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1686350.
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Objectives. (1) To examine the incidence and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrests (IHCAs) in a large unselected patient population who underwent coronary angiography at a single tertiary academic center and (2) to evaluate a transitional change in which the cardiologist is positioned as the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) leader in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) at our local tertiary care institution. Background. IHCA is a major public health concern with increased patient morbidity and mortality. A proportion of all IHCAs occurs in the CCL. Although in-hospital resuscitation teams are often led by an Intensive Care Unit- (ICU-) trained physician and house staff, little is known on the role of a cardiologist in this setting. Methods. Between 2012 and 2016, a single-center retrospective cohort study was performed examining 63 adult patients (70 ± 10 years, 60% males) who suffered from a cardiac arrest in the CCL. The ICU-led IHCAs included 19 patients, and the Coronary Care Unit- (CCU-) led IHCAs included 44 patients. Results. Acute coronary syndrome accounted for more than 50% of cardiac arrests in the CCL. Pulseless electrical activity was the most common rhythm requiring chest compression, and cardiogenic shock most frequently initiated a code blue response. No significant differences were observed between the ICU-led and CCU-led cardiac arrests in terms of hospital length of stay and 1-year survival rate. Conclusion. In the evolving field of Critical Care Cardiology, the transition from an ICU-led to a CCU-lead code blue team in the CCL setting may lead to similar short-term and long-term outcomes.
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Moreno Sancho, Federico, Georgios Tsakos, David Brealey, David Boniface i Ian Needleman. "Development of a tool to assess oral health-related quality of life in patients hospitalised in critical care". Quality of Life Research 29, nr 2 (26.10.2019): 559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02335-1.
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Abstract Aims and objectives Oral health deteriorates following hospitalisation in critical care units (CCU) but there are no validated measures to assess effects on oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL). The objectives of this study were (i) to develop a tool (CCU-OHQoL) to assess OHQoL amongst patients admitted to CCU, (ii) to collect data to analyse the validity, reliability and acceptability of the CCU-OHQoL tool and (iii) to investigate patient-reported outcome measures of OHQoL in patients hospitalised in a CCU. Methods The project included three phases: (1) the development of an initial questionnaire informed by a literature review and expert panel, (2) testing of the tool in CCU (n = 18) followed by semi-structured interviews to assess acceptability, face and content validity and (3) final tool modification and testing of CCU-OHQoL questionnaire to assess validity and reliability. Results The CCU-OHQoL showed good face and content validity and was quick to administer. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.72 suggesting good internal consistency. For construct validity, the CCU-OHQoL was strongly and significantly correlated (correlation coefficients 0.71, 0.62 and 0.77, p < 0.01) with global OHQoL items. In the validation study, 37.8% of the participants reported a deterioration in self-reported oral health after CCU admission. Finally, 26.9% and 31% of the participants reported considerable negative impacts of oral health in their life overall and quality of life, respectively. Conclusions The new CCU-OHQoL tool may be of use in the assessment of oral health-related quality of life in CCU patients. Deterioration of OHQoL seems to be common in CCU patients.
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Yamamoto, Takeshi, i Morimasa Takayama. "Tokyo CCU Network". Journal of the Japanese Coronary Association 21, nr 2 (2015): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7793/jcoron.21.015.
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Rosenthal, KA. "ICU-CCU flowsheet". Critical Care Nurse 12, nr 8 (30.12.1992): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn1992.12.8.58.
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Dillon, Sally. "Christmas in CCU". Journal of Christian Nursing 15, nr 1 (1998): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005217-199815010-00015.
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Gast, Patricia L., i Carol F. Baker. "The CCU patient". Critical Care Nursing Quarterly 12, nr 3 (grudzień 1989): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002727-198912000-00006.
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Rowe, Meredeth A., i Clarann Weinert. "The CCU Experience". Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing 6, nr 6 (listopad 1987): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003465-198711000-00007.
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LOVIN, CAROL A., JOHN SANDERS i PATTI FELEY. "Maintaining CCU Skill". Nursing Management (Springhouse) 16, nr 2 (luty 1985): 30J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006247-198502000-00005.
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Zhang, Shengping, Han Miao, Xing-fang Gu, Yuhong Yang, Bingyan Xie, Xiaowu Wang, Sanwen Huang, Yongchen Du, Rifei Sun i Todd C. Wehner. "Genetic Mapping of the Scab Resistance Gene in Cucumber". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 135, nr 1 (styczeń 2010): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.135.1.53.
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Scab, caused by Cladosporium cucumerinum Ell. et Arthur, is a prevalent disease of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) worldwide. Scab can cause serious losses for cucumber production, especially in protected culture such as high tunnel production. Resistance to cucumber scab is dominant and is controlled by a single gene, Ccu. Breeding for resistant cultivars is the most efficient way to control the disease. Selection for resistance might be made easier if the gene were mapped to linked markers. Thus far, there are no tightly linked (genetic distance less than 1 cM) simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for the Ccu gene, and no studies on mapping of the Ccu gene in cucumber using SSR markers. The objective of this study was to identify SSR markers for use in molecular breeding of scab resistance. In this study, we used a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The population included 148 individuals derived from the cucumber inbred line 9110 Gt (Ccu Ccu) crossed with line 9930 (ccu ccu). The Ccu gene was mapped to linkage group 2, corresponding to chromosome 2 of cucumber. The flanking markers SSR03084 and SSR17631 were linked to the Ccu gene with distances of 0.7 and 1.6 cM, respectively. The veracity of SSR03084 and SSR17631 was tested using 59 diverse inbred lines and hybrids, and the accuracy rate for the two markers was 98.3%. In conclusion, two SSRs closely linked to scab resistance gene Ccu have been identified and can be used in a cucumber breeding program.
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Bryant, Michael, i Anne-Maree Kelly. "Point of entry treatment gives best time to thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction." Australian Health Review 24, nr 1 (2001): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah010157.
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The aim was to compare time to thrombolysis for patients treated via three treatment pathways: thrombolysis in theemergency department (ED), thrombolysis following direct admission by ambulance officers to coronary care (CCU)and thrombolysis after transfer from ED to CCU. We used a retrospective study of time to thrombolysis for all patientsreceiving thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at Western Hospital during 1999.The median time to thrombolysis in the ED group was 30 minutes (mean 40 minutes), compared with 60 minutesfor the CCU group (mean 63 minutes) and 40 minutes (mean 43 minutes) for the direct CCU admission group.Eighty-five percent of patients treated in ED received thrombolysis in less than 60 minutes compared with 21% ofthose transferred from the ED for treatment in CCU and 52%of those directly admitted to CCU. We conclude thatpoint of entry thrombolysis, be it in ED or in CCU after direct admission, gives shorter times to thrombolysis thanprocesses that require transfer of patients between departments.
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Hassan, Md Mehadi, Mohamed H. Mohamed, Inimfon A. Udoetok, Bernd G. K. Steiger i Lee D. Wilson. "Sequestration of Sulfate Anions from Groundwater by Biopolymer-Metal Composite Materials". Polymers 12, nr 7 (6.07.2020): 1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071502.
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Binary (Chitosan-Cu(II), CCu) and Ternary (Chitosan-Alginate-Cu(II), CACu) composite materials were synthesized at variable composition: CCu (1:1), CACu1 (1:1:1), CACu2 (1:2:1) and CACu3 (2:1:1). Characterization was carried out via spectroscopic (FTIR, solids C-13 NMR, XPS and Raman), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and TGA), XRD, point of zero charge and solvent swelling techniques. The materials’ characterization confirmed the successful preparation of the polymer-based composites, along with their variable physico-chemical and adsorption properties. Sulfate anion (sodium sulfate) adsorption from aqueous solution was demonstrated using C and CACu1 at pH 6.8 and 295 K, where the monolayer adsorption capacity (Qm) values were 288.1 and 371.4 mg/g, respectively, where the Sips isotherm model provided the “best-fit” for the adsorption data. Single-point sorption study on three types of groundwater samples (wells 1, 2 and 3) with variable sulfate concentration and matrix composition in the presence of composite materials reveal that CACu3 exhibited greater uptake of sulfate (Qe = 81.5 mg/g; 11.5% removal) from Well-1 and CACu2 showed the lowest sulfate uptake (Qe of 15.7 mg/g; 0.865% removal) from Well-3. Generally, for all groundwater samples, the binary composite material (CCu) exhibited attenuated sorption and removal efficiency relative to the ternary composite materials (CACu).
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Kaufman, J., S. Tosif, P. Fitzpatrick, S. Donath, S. Hopper, P. Bryant i F. Babl. "Urine Clean Catch Collection in the Paediatric Emergency Department: Success, Time to Void and Contamination Rates". Paediatrics & Child Health 21, Supplement_5 (1.06.2016): e94c-e95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/21.supp5.e94c.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: Young children frequently require investigation for urinary tract infection (UTI). Clean catch urine (CCU) is a common urine collection method in pre-continent children but can be time consuming or unsuccessful, and contaminated cultures may lead to an inability to diagnose or exclude UTI. There are few data available examining the success and time required for CCU and factors influencing contamination. We hypothesise that time taken to obtain CCU influences contamination, due to accidental contamination during collection. OBJECTIVES: To determine the time taken to obtain CCU in pre-conti-nent children, and if time to collection is related to the contamination rate. DESIGN/METHODS: Prospective observational study of CCU collection in pre-continent children aged 2-48 months at a paediatric emergency department in Australia. A standardised CCU collection protocol was used. Primary outcome was time to first void; secondary outcomes were success of obtaining (catching) CCU and contamination of urine cultures obtained. Contamination was defined as per hospital microbiology standards. Descriptive analysis of time to void included median and interquartile range (IQR). We performed a regression analysis of key factors possibly related to contamination, including age, sex and time to collection. RESULTS: Of the 218 recruited patients, 61% were male, mean age 11.4 months (SD 8.5). The main indication for CCU was: 128 fever of unknown origin (59%), 31 vomiting (14%), 27 specifically suspected UTI (12%), 32 other reason (15%). From first CCU attempt, 174 voided (80%) of which 139 were successful catches (64%) and 34 were missed on voiding (16%). 44 first CCU attempts were stopped before voiding (20%), 26 patients had 2 attempts (12%), and 2 patients had 3 CCU attempts (1%). Median time to first void was 25 minutes (IQR 8 – 49). 27 children (12%) voided <5 minutes, 33 (19%) voided >1hr. Of the 130 patients who had urine culture results available, 50 were contaminated (38%). There was no significant difference in contamination rate by age, sex or time to sample collection. Of 218 patients where ED clinicians set out to collect CCU in the emergency department, only 80 (37%) resulted in a successful CCU attempt with an uncontaminated culture. CONCLUSION: Contamination rates are high in clean catch urine, but not related to the time taken for sample collection. CCU attempts are often unsuccessful, and have a low diagnostic yield for investigation of UTI in young children in clinical practice.
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Moore, A. Russell, Eryn Medrano, Emily Coffey i Barbara Powers. "Clinicopathological Correlation and Prevalence of Increased Copper in Canine Hepatic Cytology". Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 55, nr 1 (1.01.2019): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6818.
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ABSTRACT Special staining and grading of canine liver cytology samples aids in detection of increased copper content. The prevalence of copper in routine diagnostic liver cytology samples, clinical findings associated with high cytologic copper (cCu) grade, and the correlation between cCu grade and histologic findings, including histologic copper (hCu) grade, are unknown. This data may be helpful in ascertaining when to determine a cCu grade and when interpreting cCu grade. Clinical data and available archived hepatic histologic and cytologic samples from 198 dogs were collected, evaluated, rhodanine stained, and graded for copper. Prevalence of increased cCu >5 in a randomly collected group of 163 individuals, and the correlation between cCu and clinical data (n = 198), hCu grade (n = 37), or findings on hematoxylin and eosin–stained hepatic sections (n = 32) were evaluated. The observed prevalence was 1.23%. Dogs with elevated alanine transaminase >180 IU/L or aspartate transaminase >90 IU/L and patients who subsequently had hepatic copper quantification were statistically more likely to have pathologic levels of copper detected by cytology. There was significant and modest correlation between cCu and hCu, interface hepatitis, portal inflammation, and fibrosis. Evidence of hepatocellular leakage may be indications for determination of cCu.
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Lamberts-Van Assche, Hanne, i Tine Compernolle. "Using Real Options Thinking to Value Investment Flexibility in Carbon Capture and Utilization Projects: A Review". Sustainability 14, nr 4 (12.02.2022): 2098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042098.
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Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is one of the key technologies that may help to reduce industrial emissions. However, the deployment of CCU is hampered by various barriers, including high levels of technical, policy and market uncertainty. The real options theory (ROT) provides a method to account for these uncertainties and introduce flexibility in the investment decision by allowing decisions to be changed in response to the evolution of uncertainties. ROT is already being applied frequently in the evaluation of renewable energy or carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects, e.g., addressing the uncertainty in the price of CO2. However, ROT has only found a few applications in the CCU literature to date. Therefore, this paper investigates the specific types of uncertainty that arise with the utilization of CO2, identifies the types of real options present in CCU projects and discusses the applied valuation techniques. Research gaps are identified in the CCU literature and recommendations are made to fill these gaps. The investment decision sequence for CCU projects is shown, together with the uncertainties and flexibility options in the CCU projects. This review can support the real options-based evaluations of the investment decisions in CCU projects to allow for flexibility and uncertainty.
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Iraji, Fariba, Ali Asilian, Gita Faghihi i Amirhossein Akbari. "Comparison of the skin lesions in patients with coronary artery disease at the time of admission in coronary care unit (CCU) and at discharge". Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 43, nr 1 (17.04.2021): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/mj.2021.026.
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Background: Patients admitted in especial units such as coronary care unit (CCU) require intensive care for different aspects including skin problems. Here in this report we aimed to perform a survey on different skin lesions in patients admitted in CCU by the time of admission and when discharging. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we had a survey on 200 patients admitted in CCU in AL-Zahra hospital, Isfahan. A dermatologist observed and examined each patients for any skin lesions by the time of admission and when discharging from CCU. Results: Here we showed that 15 percent of patients admitted in CCU have at least one skin lesion and also we indicated that seborrhea dermatitis and then rosacea have the most prevalence by the time of admission in CCU. Other skin lesions were acute skin failure. We also showed that prevalence of bed sore and pressure sores increased amazingly during admission. Conclusion: Rosacea, seborrhea dermatitis and drug allergic reactions after pressure sores are the most frequent skin lesions in CCU and there might be an association between rosacea and cardiovascular diseases.
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Lee, Bong Jae, Jeong Il Lee, Soo Young Yun, Cheol-Soo Lim i Young-Kwon Park. "Economic Evaluation of Carbon Capture and Utilization Applying the Technology of Mineral Carbonation at Coal-Fired Power Plant". Sustainability 12, nr 15 (31.07.2020): 6175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156175.
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Based on the operating data of a 40 tCO2/day (2 megawatt (MW)) class carbon capture and utilization (CCU) pilot plant, the scaled-up 400 tCO2/day (20 MW) class CCU plant at 500 MW power plant was economically analyzed by applying the levelized cost of energy analysis (LCOE) and CO2 avoided cost. This study shows that the LCOE and CO2 avoided cost for 400 tCO2/day class CCU plant of mineral carbonation technology were 26 USD/MWh and 64 USD/tCO2, representing low LCOE and CO2 avoided cost, compared to other carbon capture and storage CCS and CCU plants. Based on the results of this study, the LCOE and CO2 avoided cost may become lower by the economy of scale, even if the CO2 treatment capacity of the CCU plant could be extended as much as for similar businesses. Therefore, the CCU technology by mineral carbonation has an economic advantage in energy penalty, power plant construction, and operating cost over other CCS and CCU with other technology.
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Smid, Karsten, i Anke Weidlich. "CCS und CCU - Geeignete Lösung zur Reduzierung von CO2-Emissionen?" Nachhaltige Industrie 4, nr 1 (marzec 2023): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43462-023-0929-2.
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khalandi, Farzane, Mehryar Yoldashkhan, Homayoon Bana Derakhshan i Malihe Nasiri. "Assessment of Activities of Daily Living in Post-cardiac Care Unit Using Barthel and Katz Indexes: A Cross-sectional Study". Journal of Caring Sciences 11, nr 1 (10.01.2022): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jcs.2022.05.
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Introduction: Activities of daily living (ADL) refer to the ability to perform the essential self-care activities that are necessary to have a life without dependency. Development of chronic diseases such as heart disease, as age progresses, can affect ADL. Facilitating the return of patients to the ADL and determining the level of care is one of the responsibilities of nurses. Therefore, using Barthel and Katz indexes, this study aimed to assess ADL dependency after discharge from cardiac care unit (CCU). Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 180 patients were selected by the available sampling method. Data were analyzed before and after admission to the CCU using SPSS software version 13. Results: The mean score of the Barthel and Katz indexes, before admission to the CCU, was 92.96 and 5.37, respectively, which changed to 82.85 and 4.57 post-cardiac care unit (P-CCU). Accordingly, ADL dependency increased after discharge from CCU. Conclusion: After discharge from the CCU (in P-CCU), patients do not return to the same level of activities before hospitalization, and the functional status and ability of patients to perform daily activities decrease.
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Cavalcante, Alan Rodrigues, Amanda Almeida Santos, Orleâncio Gomes Ripardo De Azevedo, Almilane Sá Varão i Kissa Gabrielly da Costa Lima. "Caracterização do perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com câncer do colo do útero no Ceará durante o período de 2013 a 2022". Revista de Pesquisas Básicas e Clínicas 1, nr 1 (19.04.2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55811/rpbc/1676.
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O câncer do colo do útero (CCU) é um dos carcinomas de maior incidência em todo o mundo e uma das principais causas de óbito na população feminina. De acordo com o Instituto Nacional de Câncer – INCA, para o ano de 2023, foi estimada uma projeção de ocorrência de 604 mil novos casos de CCU no mundo. Sem considerar os tumores de pele não melanoma, o CCU é o sexto tipo de câncer mais incidente entre a população geral brasileira, o terceiro câncer mais frequente entre o sexo feminino. Entre os anos de 2013 e 2022, o Ceará ocupou a nona colocação entre os estados com maior incidência de CCU no Brasil. Tendo o CCU como um importante problema de saúde pública, este estudo tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento epidemiológico do carcinoma no Ceará. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico e transversal. Entre o período de 2013 a 2022, foram registrados 6,076 novos casos de CCU entre a população residente do Estado do Ceará, correspondendo à cerca de 4,5% dos casos notificados em território nacional. A faixa etária de 35 a 59 anos de idade foi a mais afetada. As maiores incidências de CCU foram atribuídas aos estádios II e III. Desta forma, podese observar semelhanças compartilhadas entre o Estado do Ceará e regiões subdesenvolvidas de modo geral, onde o perfil de pacientes diagnosticados com CCU são predominantemente classificados como portadores de doença localmente avançada.
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Ifeanyi Onyedika Ekemezie i Wags Numoipiri Digitemie. "CARBON CAPTURE AND UTILIZATION (CCU): A REVIEW OF EMERGING APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES". Engineering Science & Technology Journal 5, nr 3 (24.03.2024): 949–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/estj.v5i3.949.
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As the global community grapples with the urgent need to mitigate the impacts of climate change, Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) has emerged as a promising and multifaceted strategy to address carbon emissions. This review paper provides a comprehensive examination of the current state of CCU technologies, focusing on both the emerging applications and the challenges inherent in their implementation. The first section offers an overview of diverse carbon capture methods, ranging from pre-combustion to direct air capture, highlighting key advancements in technologies such as chemical absorption, membrane separation, and adsorption. Subsequently, the paper delves into the various pathways of carbon utilization, exploring applications in the production of fuels, carbon-based materials, and chemical synthesis. Notable breakthroughs in power-to-gas technologies, utilization in construction materials, and industrial applications are discussed in detail. The core of the review is dedicated to unveiling the emerging applications of CCU, with a specific emphasis on its role in agriculture and soil enhancement, integration with renewable energy systems, and collaboration with other industries. The potential economic and environmental benefits of these applications are explored to underscore the transformative impact of CCU on sustainable development. However, the journey towards widespread CCU adoption is not without challenges. This paper identifies and analyzes technical hurdles related to efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. Additionally, it examines the regulatory, policy, and societal challenges that may hinder the seamless integration of CCU technologies. Case studies of successful CCU projects provide practical insights, emphasizing lessons learned and best practices. The paper concludes by outlining future prospects and opportunities in the field of CCU, emphasizing the need for continued research, development, and international collaboration. It calls for a concerted effort to overcome challenges and harness the full potential of CCU in contributing to global carbon reduction goals. This comprehensive review aims to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals involved in climate change mitigation, providing a nuanced understanding of the current landscape, opportunities, and challenges associated with Carbon Capture and Utilization.
Keywords: Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), Applications, Challenges.
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Laios, Alexandros, Raissa Vanessa De Oliveira Silva, Daniel Lucas Dantas De Freitas, Yong Sheng Tan, Gwendolyn Saalmink, Albina Zubayraeva, Racheal Johnson i in. "Machine Learning-Based Risk Prediction of Critical Care Unit Admission for Advanced Stage High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Patients Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery: The Leeds-Natal Score". Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, nr 1 (24.12.2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010087.
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Achieving complete surgical cytoreduction in advanced stage high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients warrants an availability of Critical Care Unit (CCU) beds. Machine Learning (ML) could be helpful in monitoring CCU admissions to improve standards of care. We aimed to improve the accuracy of predicting CCU admission in HGSOC patients by ML algorithms and developed an ML-based predictive score. A cohort of 291 advanced stage HGSOC patients with fully curated data was selected. Several linear and non-linear distances, and quadratic discriminant ML methods, were employed to derive prediction information for CCU admission. When all the variables were included in the model, the prediction accuracies were higher for linear discriminant (0.90) and quadratic discriminant (0.93) methods compared with conventional logistic regression (0.84). Feature selection identified pre-treatment albumin, surgical complexity score, estimated blood loss, operative time, and bowel resection with stoma as the most significant prediction features. The real-time prediction accuracy of the Graphical User Interface CCU calculator reached 95%. Limited, potentially modifiable, mostly intra-operative factors contributing to CCU admission were identified and suggest areas for targeted interventions. The accurate quantification of CCU admission patterns is critical information when counseling patients about peri-operative risks related to their cytoreductive surgery.
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Philbin, Simon P. "Critical Analysis and Evaluation of the Technology Pathways for Carbon Capture and Utilization". Clean Technologies 2, nr 4 (11.12.2020): 492–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol2040031.
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Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is the process of capturing unwanted carbon dioxide (CO2) and utilizing for further use. CCU offers significant potential as part of a sustainable circular economy solution to help mitigate the impact of climate change resulting from the burning of hydrocarbons and alongside adoption of other renewable energy technologies. However, implementation of CCU technologies faces a number of challenges, including identifying optimal pathways, technology maturity, economic viability, environmental considerations as well as regulatory and public perception issues. Consequently, this research study provides a critical analysis and evaluation of the technology pathways for CCU in order to explore the potential from a circular economy perspective of this emerging area of clean technology. This includes a bibliographic study on CCU, evaluation of carbon utilization processes, trend estimation of CO2 usage as well as evaluation of methane and methanol production. A value chain analysis is provided to support the development of CCU technologies. The research study aims to inform policy-makers engaged in developing strategies to mitigate climate change through reduced carbon dioxide emission levels and improve our understanding of the circular economy considerations of CCU in regard to production of alternative products. The study will also be of use to researchers concerned with pursuing empirical investigations of this important area of sustainability.
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Alam, Md Zahid, Shabnam Jahan Hoque, Md Jubaidul Islam, Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain, Aparna Rahman i AKM Mohibullah. "Mortality in Coronary Care Unit of a Tertiary Level Hospital of Bangladesh". Bangladesh Heart Journal 33, nr 1 (3.07.2018): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bhj.v33i1.37021.
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Background and objectives: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide and Coronary Care Unit (CCU) plays a central role in reducing this mortality. Currently the data on mortality in CCU is very limited in our country. Our purpose of this study to provide data on mortality so that we can focus and improve the factors determining deaths in CCU. Methodology: The data of all death cases admitted in the CCU of a tertiary level hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017 were included for assessing the data on demography, diagnosis, and comorbidities at the time of death.Results: Among 802 cases admitted in CCU in two years, 40 patients died (5%). Male was 55% and female was 45%. Most of the death occurred in their 6th decade of life, due to Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and sepsis, within 24-hour of CCU admission.Common associated co-morbidities were DM (75%), hypertension (42.5%), CKD (27.5%), and hypokalemia (12.5%).Conclusions: The death rate is much lower in our CCU in comparison to global rate. The common cause of death is still NSTEMI. The common co-morbidities we found are DM, hypertension and CKD. Most of the deathsoccurred within 24-hour of admission.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2018; 33(1) : 28-31
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SCHUNIOR, CHARLES. "Balloons in the CCU". Nursing 15, nr 5 (maj 1985): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-198505000-00023.
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BRADFORD, DEBORAH, MARY CARVALHO, MARY CONTI, JACKIE DAVIS, SHERI KRUEGER DIX, ELLEN HARTMAN, LAURA IDING, LYNNE MUELLER, CAROL MATTSON PORTH i CINDY SUNSTROM. "CCU Patient Survey Tool". Nursing Management (Springhouse) 29, nr 9 (wrzesień 1998): 40F. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006247-199809000-00015.
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BRANNON, PAT, ALICE BRADY i ANNETTE GAILEY. "Visitation in the CCU". Nursing Management (Springhouse) 21, nr 12 (luty 1990): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006247-199002000-00022.
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Maiocco, Gina. "From classroom to CCU". Nursing Management (Springhouse) 34, nr 3 (marzec 2003): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006247-200303000-00022.
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Hugo, Pascal. "Ist CCU chemisches Recycling?" ENTSORGA-Magazin 42, nr 2 (2023): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0933-3754-2023-2-057.
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Das chemische Recycling bringt einiges durcheinander in der bis dahin so geordneten Abfallwelt. Doch zählt auch CCU zum Chemischen Recycling? Eine klare Antwort auf diese Frage gibt es bislang nicht. Eindeutig ist die Sache nur beim Hausmüll.
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Pieri, Tryfonas, Alexandros Nikitas, Arturo Castillo-Castillo i Athanasios Angelis-Dimakis. "Holistic Assessment of Carbon Capture and Utilization Value Chains". Environments 5, nr 10 (25.09.2018): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments5100108.
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Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is recognized by the European Union, along with carbon, capture and storage (CCS), as one of the main tools towards global warming mitigation. It has, thus, been extensively studied by various researchers around the world. The majority of the papers published so far focus on the individual stages of a CCU value chain (carbon capture, separation, purification, transportation, and transformation/utilization). However, a holistic approach, taking into account the matching and the interaction between these stages, is also necessary in order to optimize and develop technically and economically feasible CCU value chains. The objective of this contribution is to present the most important studies that are related to the individual stages of CCU and to perform a critical review of the major existing methods, algorithms and tools that focus on the simulation or optimization of CCU value chains. The key research gaps will be identified and examined in order to lay the foundation for the development of a methodology towards the holistic assessment of CCU value chains.
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Lee, Sangmi, Yi Chen, Lisa Gorski, Todd J. Ward, Jason Osborne i Sophia Kathariou. "Listeria monocytogenesSource Distribution Analysis Indicates Regional Heterogeneity and Ecological Niche Preference among Serotype 4b Clones". mBio 9, nr 2 (17.04.2018): e00396-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00396-18.
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ABSTRACTBiodiversity analysis of the foodborne pathogenListeria monocytogenesrecently revealed four serotype 4b major hypervirulent clonal complexes (CCs), i.e., CC1, CC2, CC4, and CC6. Hypervirulence was indicated by overrepresentation of these clones, and serotype 4b as a whole, among human clinical isolates in comparison to food. However, data on potential source-dependent partitioning among serotype 4b clones in diverse regions are sparse. We analyzed a panel of 347 serotype 4b isolates, primarily from North America, to determine the distribution of clones in humans, other animals, food, and water. CC1, CC2, CC4, and CC6 predominated, but surprisingly, only three clones, i.e., CC2 and the singleton sequence types (STs) ST382 and ST639, exhibited significant source-dependent associations, with higher propensity for food (CC2) or water (ST382 and ST639) than other sources. Pairwise comparisons between human and food isolates identified CC4 as the only serotype 4b clone significantly overrepresented among human isolates. Our analysis also revealed several serotype 4b clones emerging in North America. Two such emerging clones, ST382 (implicated in several outbreaks since 2014) and ST639, were primarily encountered among human and water isolates. Findings suggest that in spite of the ubiquity of CC1, CC2, CC4, and CC6, regional heterogeneity in serotype 4b is substantially larger than previously surmised. Analysis of even large strain panels from one region may not adequately predict clones unique to, and emerging in, other areas. Serotype 4b clonal complexes may differ in ecological niche preference, suggesting the need to further elucidate reservoirs and vehicles, especially for emerging clones.IMPORTANCEInListeria monocytogenes, serotype 4b strains are leading contributors to human disease, but intraserotype distributions among different sources and regions remain poorly elucidated. Analysis of 347 serotype 4b isolates from four different sources, mostly from North America, confirmed the overall predominance of the major clones CC1, CC2, CC4, and CC6 but found that only CC4 was significantly associated with human disease, while CC2 was significantly associated with food. Remarkably, several emerging clones were identified among human isolates from North America, with some of these also exhibiting a propensity for surface water. The latter included the singleton clones ST382, implicated in several outbreaks in the United States since 2014, and ST639. These clones were noticeably underrepresented among much larger panels from other regions. Though associated with North America for the time being, they may eventually become globally disseminated through the food trade or other venues.
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Gao, Feng, Haiquan Liang, Kai Zhang i Yangtao Li. "Safety enhancement design method and control strategy for CCU of high-speed train". Advances in Mechanical Engineering 14, nr 4 (kwiecień 2022): 168781322210898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878132221089806.
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The Train Control and Monitoring System (TCMS) is the communication command center of the train, and the Central Control Unit (CCU) is its core component, which should achieve SIL4 safety integrity level defined in standard EN50129. Comparing the current CCU safety mode of dual-machine hot standby to the double 2 out of 2 (2oo2) structure, this paper find that the latter performances better in security. So a new CCU architecture with enhanced safety is proposed, the double 2oo2 structure is applied to the CCU design, and the Markov failure probability model is established to analyze its safety quantitatively. The CCU based on double 2oo2 redundant structure could meet the failure safety principle of composite fail-safety and reactive fail-safety stipulated in the SIL4 safety integrity level, and its Tolerable Functional Failure Rate (TFFR) could reach the requirements of the SIL4. As another important part of RAMS (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Safety), the reliability of this CCU architecture is evaluated both qualitatively and quantitively. According to the results, the double 2oo2 structure could greatly improve the safety of the TCMS and can be used in railway signal system with SIL4 safety integrity requirements.
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Simpson, Terri. "The Family as a Source of Support for the Critically Ill Adult". AACN Advanced Critical Care 2, nr 2 (1.05.1991): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1991-2007.
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A conceptual framework of supportive family functions derived from a previous analysis of taped visits to coronary care unit (CCU) patients was used to analyze CCU and surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients’ recollections about visits. The framework of family functions was supported by the patients’ recollections. However, CCU patients recall behaviors in a different order of frequency than previously described with visit transcript analysis. Both CCU and SICU patients frequently recall caring actions of the family and evaluated visits overall as helpful. Principles are proposed for nurses in assisting families and patients to cope with the critical illness episode and thus provide a supportive visiting environment for patients
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Ros, Menno, Andy Read, Jan Uilenreef i Jacob Limbeek. "Start of a CO2 Hub in Rotterdam: Connecting CCS and CCU". Energy Procedia 63 (2014): 2691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.291.
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Zamarrón, Ester, Carlos Carpio, Ana Santiago, Sergio Alcolea, Juan Carlos Figueira, Francisco García-Río i Rodolfo Álvarez-Sala. "Impact of non-invasive respiratory support in severe patients with COVID-19". ANALES RANM 137, nr 137(02) (30.09.2020): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32440/ar.2020.137.02.rev07.
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Objectives: to assess the impact of non-invasive respiratory therapies in critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 hospitalized patients who required non-invasive respiratory support. The impact of these treatments was evaluated in three groups of patients: pre-intensive care patients, discharged patients from critical care unit (CCU) and non-CCU admitted patients. The impact was assessed 30 days after completing respiratory therapy and was categorized as hospital discharge, transfer to a rehabilitation center, admission to the UCC and deceased. Results: a total of 80 patients were included (average age: 65.9 ± 11.9; men = 45 [56.3%]). 29 (36.3%) patients received BIPAP, 35 (43.8%) CPAP and 27 (33.4%) high-oxygen nasal cannula. Regarding the groups for the indication of respiratory treatment, 37 (46.3%) patients corresponded to the pre-intensive care patients, 24 (30%) were discharged patients from the CCU and 19 (23.8%) to the non-CCU admitted group. In the pre-intensive care, admission to a CCU was avoided in 19 (52.8%) patients and, on the other hand, 14 (38.9%) patients finally were admitted in a CCU. In the group of discharged patients from the UCC 19 (82.6%) patients showed a favorable course of disease. Only 3 (13%) patients were admitted in a UCC or died. Finally, in the group of non-CCU admitted, 6 (31.3%) improved after the use of respiratory therapy and 13 (68.4%) were deceased. Conclusions: respiratory therapies have a favorable impact on critically ill patients affected by COVID-19, both in patients with an indication for admission in the CCU, in those who are discharged from the CCUs and in those who do not have criteria for admission in these units.
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Lee, Bong Jae, Jeong Il Lee, Soo Young Yun, Beom Gu Hwang, Cheol-Soo Lim i Young-Kwon Park. "Methodology to Calculate the CO2 Emission Reduction at the Coal-Fired Power Plant: CO2 Capture and Utilization Applying Technology of Mineral Carbonation". Sustainability 12, nr 18 (9.09.2020): 7402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187402.
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This study introduces a novel methodology to calculate the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reduction related to residual emissions, calculating the CO2 emission reduction through a 2 MW (40 tCO2/day) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) plant installed at a 500 MW coal-fired power plant in operation, to evaluate the accuracy, maintainability, and reliability of the quantified reduction. By applying the developed methodology to calculate the CO2 emission reduction, the established amount of CO2 reduction in the mineral carbonation was evaluated through recorded measurement and monitoring data of the 2 MW CCU plant at the operating coal-fired plant. To validate the reduction, the accuracy, reproducibility, consistency, and maintainability of the reduction should be secured, and based on these qualifications, it is necessary to evaluate the contribution rate of nationally determined contributions (NDCs) in each country. This fundamental study establishes the concept of CCU CO2 reduction and quantifies the reduction to obtain the validation of each country for the reduction. The established concept of the CCU in this study can also be applied to other CCU systems to calculate the reduction, thereby providing an opportunity for CCU technology to contribute to the NDCs in each country and invigorate the technology.
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Jung, Seok-ho, Seong-ho Lee, Jihee Min, Mee-hye Lee i Ji Whan Ahn. "Analysis of the State of the Art of International Policies and Projects on CCU for Climate Change Mitigation with a Focus on the Cases in Korea". Sustainability 13, nr 1 (22.12.2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010019.
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In 2016, the Korean government selected carbon capture and utilization (CCU) as one of the national strategic projects and presented a detailed roadmap to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to create new climate industries through early demonstration of CCU technology. The Korean government also established the 2030 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Roadmap in 2016 and included carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology in the new energy industry sector as a CCU technology. The Korean government recognizes the importance of CCUS technology as a mid- to long-term measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and implements policies related to technological development. The United States (U.S.), Germany, and China also expect CCUS technology to play a major role in reducing greenhouse gases in the industrial sector in terms of climate and energy policy. This study analyzed the CCU-related policies and technological trends in the U.S., Germany, and China, including major climate and energy plans, driving roadmaps, some government-led projects, and institutional support systems. This work also statistically analyzed 447 CCU and CCUS projects in Korea between 2010 and 2017. It is expected to contribute to responding to climate change, promoting domestic greenhouse gas reduction, and creating future growth engines, as well as to be used as basic data for establishing CCU-related policies in Korea.
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Muñoz Zúñiga, Cesar, Enio Hernández Aguirre i Francisca Arrieta De Castro. "Relación de hallazgos en citologías cérvico vaginales y colposcopias con infección por el virus del papiloma humano, en una población de la ciudad de Santa marta". Biociencias 13, nr 2 (23.11.2018): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18041/2390-0512/biociencias.2.4998.
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Introducción: la citología cérvico vaginal es una prueba de tamizaje para detectar las neoplasias intracervicales (NIC), que ha disminuido la incidencia y la mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino (CCU). El diagnóstico del NIC es más frecuente entre los 20 y 30 años y el de CCU tiene una mayor frecuencia entre los 30 y 40 años. Desde 1983 a 1991 la tasa de mortalidad por CCU en Colombia fue de 6,5/100.000 habitantes y el 50% de estos casos murieron por diagnóstico tardío. Aunque se divulga que la infección por el papilomavirus es la causa necesaria, no es suficiente para el desarrollo del CCU. Objetivo: determinar una relación entre VPH y el desarrollo de NIC y CCU. Materiales y métodos: se revisaron 11.992 citologías vaginales en el período de un año, y a las VPH positivas por patología se les realizó biopsia de cérvix. Resultados: hay mayor probabilidad de adquirir VPH entre los 30 y 39 años, que se reduce en menores de 19 y mayores de 50 años. Con la sola presencia del virus la probabilidad de desarrollar NIC-I es de 5.8%, la de desarrollar NICII-III es de 0.29% y la de desarrollar CCU es de 0.08%. Conclusiones: se encontraron 9 casos de CCU en 735 citologías con VPH diagnosticadas por patología, que corresponde al 1.2%; y una probabilidad del 0.08% para el desarrollo del cáncer, teniendo en cuenta solo la presencia del VPH. Este resultado sugiere que se necesitan otros factores para el desarrollo del cáncer.
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Yang, Xu, Ke Zhang, Hiba Shaghaleh, Zhiming Qi, Chao Gao, Tingting Chang, Jie Zhang, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman i Yousef Alhaj Hamoud. "Continuous Cropping Alters Soil Hydraulic and Physicochemical Properties in the Karst Region of Southwestern China". Agronomy 13, nr 5 (20.05.2023): 1416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051416.
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Continuous cropping causes soil degradation and decreases crop yield in the karst region of southwestern China. However, the relationship between continuous cropping systems and soil hydraulic and physicochemical properties remains incompletely elucidated. In this study, we performed a comparative investigation on the soil physicochemical properties and soil-water-characteristic-curve-derived parameters from sites subjected to 3, 5, or 7 years of continuous cropping (CC3, CC5, and CC7) and cropping rotation (CC0). Soil organic matter content, clay content, and pH were significantly greater in soils under CC0 and short-term cropping (CC3) than in soils under long-term cropping (CC5 and CC7). This finding illustrated that continuous cropping reduced soil organic matter content, clay content, and pH. Across all continuous cropping durations, soil water holding capacity at 40~60 cm was greater than the 20~40 cm and 0~20 cm layers. The significantly greater soil water characteristics (except saturated moisture) in CC0 and CC3 soils than in CC5 or CC7 soils at all soil depths demonstrated that soil water characteristics deteriorated with the prolongation of cropping duration. The same soil water characteristics were positively correlated with soil organic matter content, clay content, and pH. These correlations, when viewed within the context of continuous cropping, can inform the development of more sustainable cropping systems in similar karst regions.
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Aleixo, Sabina Bandeira, Jose Zago Pulido i Luciana Carrupt Sogame. "Câncer Cervical no Brasil: desafios do sistema público". OBSERVATÓRIO DE LA ECONOMÍA LATINOAMERICANA 21, nr 10 (23.10.2023): 17697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/oelv21n10-171.
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Introdução: No Brasil, o câncer de colo de útero (CCU) é o terceiro mais frequente entre as mulheres. Este estudo busca examinar o perfil das pacientes com CCU e a influência do financiamento no tratamento na região sul do estado do Espirito Santo, Brasil. Objetivo: Verificar o perfil das mulheres com CCU e a influência da forma de financiamento no tratamento oncológico das mulheres que fazem tratamento. Metodologia: Pesquisa documental do CCU e conhecer o perfil através de pesquisa transversal, com coleta retrospective de dados. Resultados: Taxas regionais de prevalência anuais altas, acima de 10%. A maioria é de etnia preta ou parda, com baixa escolaridade, média de idade de 49 ±16 anos e estádio avançado de doença ao diagnóstico. Quanto a associação do financiamento público no custeio do diagnóstico versus características do perfil, as variáveis grau de instrução, origem do encaminhamento e custeio apresentaram associação significativa (p<0,05). Conclusão: As mulheres com CCU possuem determinantes sociais relacionados ao diagnóstico tardio. Maior conscientização, acesso equitativo e melhorias na detecção precoce são cruciais para enfrentar esse desafio.
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Refli, R., Sukarti Muljopawiro, Kumala Dewi i Diah Rachmawati. "Expression analysis of antioxidant genes in response to drought stress in the fl ag leaf of two Indonesian rice cultivars". Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology 19, nr 1 (31.12.2015): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijbiotech.8633.
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The objective of this study was to analysis the expression of antioxidant genes in response to droughtstress in Indonesian rice. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the expression of Cu-ZnSod1, cCu-ZnSod2,MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat1, Cat2, Cat3, Gr1, Gr2, and Gr3 genes were assayed in the rice fl ag leaf ofCiherang and Situ Bagendit cultivars subjected to control, mild and severe drought during the grain fi llingphase. Increase in MDA content of Ciherang treated to mild and severe drought was almost two-fold andthree-fold respectively, while MDA content in Situ Bagendit subjected to mild and severe drought increasedapproximately one-fold and two-fold as compared to the control. The semi quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (sqRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression of cCu-ZnSod1, MnSod1, Cat2, Gr3genes of Ciherang, and cCu-ZnSod2, MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sAPX, Cat2 and Gr1 genes of Situ Bagendit increasedin fl ag leaf of plant treated to drought. Expressions of cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat3 of Ciherang and Cu-ZnSod1 and Gr2genes of Situ Bagendit were not changed signifi cantly by drought stress. Decreased expression was shownby cCu-ZnSod2, cApxa, Cat1, Gr1 and Gr2 genes of Ciherang, and Cat1, Cat3 and Gr3 genes of Situ Bagendit. Theresults indicated that the activity of oxidative defense was regulated by four genes; cCu-ZnSod1, MnSod1, Cat2,Gr3 in Ciherang, and eight genes; cCu-ZnSod1, cCu-ZnSod2, MnSod1, cApxa, cApxb, chl-sApx, Cat2 and Gr1 in SituBagendit. Therefore, differences in the number of antioxidant genes controlling oxidative defense systemmight determine the difference of the oxidative defense capacity between both cultivars in response to droughtstress during grain fi lling.
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Svetlakova, A. V., D. D. Gromov, O. V. Chemakina, A. V. Agayeva, L. E. Valkova, A. A. Dyachenko, D. V. Bogdanov i M. Yu Valkov. "Epidemiological survival predictors of cancer of the corpus uteri: a population-based analysis". Siberian journal of oncology 22, nr 3 (29.06.2023): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-3-16-24.
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Cancer of the corpus uteri (CCU) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies in high- and middleincome countries. The objective of the study was to evaluate the factors predicting survival in CCU patients over the period 2000-2021 using the data of population-based cancer registry of the Arkhangelsk region. Material and Methods. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with CCU for the period 2000-21 was evaluated using life tables and Kaplan-Mayer methods with a log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the effect of prognostic factors on survival time. Results. A total of 3272 cases were selected for the analysis. The 5-year survival rates improved from 70.6 % in 2000-04 to 75.6 % in 2015-19. In stage I, II, III, and IV CUN, the 5-year survival rates were 90.8 % (95 % CI 89.3-92.0 %), 71.1 (95 % CI 66.3-75.4 %), 46.7 (95 % CI 41.4-51.8 %), and 3.9 (95 % CI 1.5-7.5 %), respectively; p<0.001. In the multivariate regression model, for stage II, III, and IV CCU, the hazard ratios for death from cancer were respectively 2.69 (2.14-3.39), 5.73 (4.66-7.03), and 20.26 (16.13-25.44) compared to stage I. The risk of death from CCU was 2.0-2.7 times higher in patients with aggressive histological subtypes and sarcomas compared to that in patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma; 2.0-2.8 times higher in patients older than 60 years compared to younger patients, and 1.3 times higher in rural patients compared to urban patients (p<0.05). There was no increase in the risk of death from CCU over the period of COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion. In this population-based study, we have found that the survival of patients with CCU is significantly affected by age and place of residence, which may indicate a limited access of some patients to effective treatment and requires further analysis. No increased risk of death from CCU during the COVID-19 pandemic was found.
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Daggash, H. A., C. F. Patzschke, C. F. Heuberger, L. Zhu, K. Hellgardt, P. S. Fennell, A. N. Bhave, A. Bardow i N. Mac Dowell. "Closing the carbon cycle to maximise climate change mitigation: power-to-methanolvs.power-to-direct air capture". Sustainable Energy & Fuels 2, nr 6 (2018): 1153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8se00061a.
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In order to meet the 1.5−2C target, with CCU, it is necessary to close the carbon cycle, and avoid partial decarbonisation scenarios. In this context, direct air capture appears more effective than CCU.
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Prylutskyi, S. "THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE AND ITS INSTITUTIONAL (UN-)CERTAINTY: CURRENT PROBLEMS OF DOMESTIC STATE BUILDING". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, nr 120 (2022): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2022/1.120-11.
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Since its founding, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine (CCU) has been an integral part of the judiciary and has been an integral part of the unified justice system. After the transformations of 2016, which underwent the Basic Law of Ukraine, the institutional position of the CCU in the system of public authorities has acquired a completely new format. And, as it turns out in practice, the legal status of the CCU is quite difficult to define and articulate. One of the major conceptual changes affecting the institutional status of the CCU was the deprivation of its exclusive role as the sole body of constitutional jurisdiction in Ukraine. The paper reveals deviations from the imperative provisions of Article 5 of the Constitution of Ukraine in matters of the procedure for changing the constitutional order. The negative factor of depriving the CCU of its institutional affiliation with the judiciary significantly limits the application of guarantees of independence and relevant standards for the judiciary. The transformation of the CCU from a judicial body into a "political" one, but with an uncertain constitutional and legal status, opens unlimited opportunities for political "players" to influence the legal positions and independence of both its individual members and the body as a whole. It was found that the transformation of the CCU from a judicial body into a "political" one, but with an uncertain constitutional and legal status, opens unlimited opportunities for political players to influence the legal positions of individual members and the body as a whole. Violation of the foundations of the separation of powers, as the basic algorithm of modern constitutionalism, will inevitably lead to a crisis of public administration and the political system. Therefore, today we need to look for legally correct and balanced ways to eliminate this systemic error and restore the legal constitutional order of Ukraine.
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Helgestad, Anne Dorte Lerche, Mette Bach Larsen, Sisse Njor, Mette Tranberg, Lone Kjeld Petersen i Berit Andersen. "Three birds with one stone: a protocol for a randomised intervention study to increase participation in cervical and colorectal cancer screening among women attending breast cancer screening". BMJ Open 12, nr 9 (wrzesień 2022): e062824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062824.
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IntroductionThe participation rate is higher in breast cancer screening than in cervical cancer (CCU) and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. In this cluster-randomised study, we aim to evaluate an intervention offering home-based CCU and CRC screening to women when attending breast cancer screening if they are overdue for CCU and/or CRC screening.Methods and analysisOn intervention days, one of the five breast cancer screening units in the Central Denmark Region will be randomly allocated to intervention, whereas the remaining units will serve as control. Women attending breast cancer screening in the intervention unit will be offered information regarding their CCU and CRC screening history, and, if overdue, they will be offered self-sampling screening kits. For CCU screening, women aged 50–64 years will be offered a vaginal self-sampling kit for human papillomavirus testing. For CRC screening, women aged 50–69 years will be offered a kit to obtain a faecal immunochemical test. Women attending the control units will receive only standard care.After the intervention, a survey will be sent to all women in the intervention and control group, asking about their experience while attending breast cancer screening.Primary outcomes will be difference in the coverage in CCU and CRC screening 6 months after intervention between the intervention and the control group, and difference in participation rates 6 months after intervention for those who were overdue for CCU and/or CRC screening at the time of the intervention.Ethics and disseminationThe project is listed in the record of processing activities for research projects in the Central Denmark Region (R. No.: 1-16-02-217-21). According to the Danish Consolidation Act on Research Ethics Review of Health Research Project, this study was not notifiable to the Committee (R. No.: 1-10-72-1-21). The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT05022511.
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Kim, Il-Ho, Cheong-Seok Kim i Min-Hyeok Jeong. "The Trajectory of Depressive Symptoms Across Years of Community Care Utilization Among Older Adults: A 14-Year Follow-up Study Using the ‘Korean Welfare Panel Survey’". Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health 56, nr 6 (30.11.2023): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.23.022.
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Objectives: While older adults using community care services are known to be vulnerable for depression, community care utilization (CCU) may help to improve the mental health of these elderly. To date, however, it is much less clear how CCU affects depressive symptoms in the elderly population. This study focuses on the trajectory of depressive symptoms across years of CCU among older adults in Korea.Methods: Using the 2006-2019 Korean Welfare Panel Survey, this study is focused on elderly born in 1940 or earlier and selected 3281 persons for baseline interviews in 2006. This consisted of 35 800 person-year observations during a period of 14 years. Panel data analysis were employed to construct years of CCU.Results: After controlling for covariates, linear term of years using community care was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, but a quadratic term was positively significant. The trajectory of depressive symptoms across the years of CCU follows a U-shaped curve. Older adults in the first year of using community care reported the highest level of depressive symptoms. However, a significant and steady decrease in depressive symptoms was observed during the following 9 years of CCU, which then gradually increased. The level of depressive symptoms at the 14th year of using community care remains significantly lower than the level at the outset of its utilization.Conclusions: This finding implies that CCU could be beneficial for improving mental health among older adults.
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Nie, Shuai, Guotian Cai, Yixuan Li, Yushu Chen, Ruxue Bai, Liping Gao i Xiaoyu Chen. "To Adopt CCU Technology or Not? An Evolutionary Game between Local Governments and Coal-Fired Power Plants". Sustainability 14, nr 8 (15.04.2022): 4768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084768.
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Carbon dioxide capture and utilization (CCU) technology is a significant means by which China can achieve its ambitious carbon neutrality goal. It is necessary to explore the behavioral strategies of relevant companies in adopting CCU technology. In this paper, an evolutionary game model is established in order to analyze the interaction process and evolution direction of local governments and coal-fired power plants. We develop a replicator dynamic system and analyze the stability of the system under different conditions. Based on numerical simulation, we analyze the impact of key parameters on the strategies of stakeholders. The simulation results show that the unit prices of hydrogen and carbon dioxide derivatives have the most significant impact: when the unit price of hydrogen decreases to 15.9 RMB/kg or the unit price of carbon dioxide derivatives increases to 3.4 RMB/kg, the evolutionary stabilization strategy of the system changes and power plants shift to adopt CCU technology. The results of this paper suggest that local governments should provide relevant support policies and incentives for CCU technology deployment, as well as focusing on the synergistic development of CCU technology and renewable energy hydrogen production technology.