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Książki na temat „CBR VALUE”

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Data publikacji: 11 września 2023

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1

Hill, Tony. Car numbers value guide. Bradford-on-Avon: Hartley Publications, 1987.

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2

Hill, Tony. Car numbers value guide. Wyd. 2. Melksham: Hartley, 1991.

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3

Kendrew, Pape, i Wise Mel, red. Gordon Pape's 1997 car value guide. Scarborough, Ont: Prentice Hall Canada, 1996.

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4

Kendrew, Pape, i Wise Mel, red. Gordon Pape's 1996 car value guide. Scarborough, Ont: Prentice-Hall Canada, 1996.

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5

Julian, McNamara, red. Coy's complete collectors' and investors' car value guide. London: Dalton Watson, 1987.

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6

Jones, Brian Nelson. Car values: Auction prices across the nation. Wyd. 8. Iola, WI: Krause Publications (700 E. State Street. 54990), 1987.

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7

Co, Kelley Blue Book, red. Kelley blue book: Used car bluebook values and new car pricing. Irvine, Calif: Kelley Blue Book, 1995.

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8

Graubart, Levin Michael, red. Nascar nation: How racing's values mirror the nation's. Toronto: Fenn-M&S, 2012.

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9

Inc. Gillis & Associates i Jack Gillis. The Value Car Book 2000 (Value Car Book). Collins, 2000.

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10

The Value Car Book 2000 (Value Car Book). Collins, 2000.

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11

The car book value guide. Tew Press, 1991.

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12

Craft, Quentin. Classic Old Car Value Guide/31747. Wyd. 2. Bookthrift Co, 1987.

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13

Craft, Quentin. Classic Old Car Value Guide, 1989. Gold Book, 1989.

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14

Classic Old Car Value Guide, 1987. Gold Book, 1987.

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15

Craft, Quentin. Classic Old Car Value Guide, 1988. Gold Book, 1988.

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16

Kingdon, David, Michael Townend, Nick Maguire i Dzintra Stalmeisters. CBT Values and Ethics. SAGE Publications, Limited, 2017.

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17

CBT Values and Ethics. SAGE Publications, Limited, 2017.

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18

Kingdon, David, Michael Townend, Nick Maguire i Dzintra Stalmeisters. CBT Values and Ethics. SAGE Publications, Limited, 2017.

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19

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 4 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide). Quentin Craft Pub, 1985.

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20

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 4 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide). Quentin Craft Pub, 1987.

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21

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 3 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide). Quentin Craft Pub, 1990.

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22

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 4 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide). Quentin Craft Pub, 1986.

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23

Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 1 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide). Quentin Craft Pub, 1989.

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24

Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 2 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide). Quentin Craft Pub, 1989.

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25

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Old Car Value Guide, No 1 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide). Quentin Craft Pub, 1986.

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26

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 3 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide). Quentin Craft Pub, 1986.

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27

Simon, Gleeson. Part III Investment Banking, 16 Credit Value Adjustment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198793410.003.0016.

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The chapter discusses credit value adjustment (CVA) under Basel 2.5 and Basel 3. CVA is an adjustment to the fair value (or price) of derivative instruments to account for counterparty credit risk (CCR). Thus, CVA is commonly viewed as the price of CCR. The purpose of the CVA capital charge is to capitalize the risk of future changes in CVA. For most exposures, at any given time the market credit spread on the relevant counterparty is good proxy for the CVA applicable to the exposure, but the regulatory calculations involved reflect a number of factors as well as this particular input.

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28

Warth, Thomas E. Car Book Value Guide and Bibliography: 1993. Tew Press, 1992.

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29

Meyer, David. Collectors and Investors Car Value Guide: 1989. Dalton Watson Fine Books, 1989.

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30

Dyer, Ben. Classic Old Car Value Guide, 1990-1991. Wyd. 2. Distal, 1990.

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31

Cherubini, Umberto, i Marco Bianchetti. Prudent Valuation - Guidelines and Sound Practices. AIFIRM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.47473/2016ppa00006.

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The EU Capital Requirement Regulation (CRR) [8] and of EBA Regulatory Technical Standard for prudent valuation [15], published on Jan. 1st, 2014 and Jan. 28th, 2016, respectively, constitute the EU Prudent Valuation Framework. The CRR, art. 34, requires to Institutions a prudent valuation of positions measured at fair value and the deduction of the resulting Additional Valuation Adjustments (AVAs) from the Common Equity Tier One (CET1) capital. The art. 105 disciplines the AVAs intended to achieve an appropriate level of certainty in prudent value. The EBA RTS [15] allow two approaches to prudent valuation. The simplified approach, applicable by small financial institutions (with total absolute fair-valued assets and liabilities below EUR 15 billions), prescribes a very simple total AVA equal to 0.1% of the total fair value. The core approach, compulsory for institutions above the EUR 15 billion threshold, prescribes the calculation of 9 AVAs, referring to different sources of valuation uncertainty, as the excess of valuation adjustments required to achieve the prudent value with 90% level of confidence. Five out of nine AVAs include a 50% weight to take diversification into account and avoid double counting effects. Those positions for which a change in their fair value affects only partially the CET1 may be partially excluded from the AVAs calculation.

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32

Simon, Gleeson. Part III Investment Banking, 15 Counterparty Risk in the Trading Book. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198793410.003.0015.

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This chapter sets out rules that result in certain exposures being treated as having a greater degree of risk than their actual mark to market value. In order to explain this, consider a bank which owns 100 of shares in A, but also has a derivative in place with X under which it is entitled to be paid the value of 100 shares in A. Both positions give rise to the same risk as to the future price of A, and both will be valued by reference to the value of the shares in A. However, if the value of the shares in A increases, the bank's credit exposure to X will increase. The rules set out in this chapter seek to capture this extra level of risk by treating the value of the derivative as being slightly higher than its mark to market value; thereby requiring a slightly higher level of capital to be held against it. This is the counterparty credit risk requirement (CCR).

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33

Craft, Quenton. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 1. Quentin Craft Pub, 1985.

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34

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 4. Quentin Craft Pub, 1988.

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35

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 3. Quentin Craft Pub, 1987.

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36

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 2. Quentin Craft Pub, 1987.

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37

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 3. Quentin Craft Pub, 1985.

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38

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 1. Quentin Craft Pub, 1988.

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39

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 2. Quentin Craft Pub, 1988.

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40

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 3. Quentin Craft Pub, 1988.

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41

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 4. Quentin Craft Pub, 1989.

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42

Craft, Quenton. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 2. Quentin Craft Pub, 1986.

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43

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 4. Quentin Craft Pub, 1990.

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44

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 5. Quentin Craft Pub, 1987.

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45

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 3. Quentin Craft Pub, 1989.

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46

Craft, Quentin. Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide, No 2. Quentin Craft Pub, 1990.

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47

Cukierman, Alex. Central Banks. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.64.

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The first CBs were private institutions that were given a monopoly over the issuance of currency by government in return for help in financing the budget and adherence to the rules of the gold standard. Under this standard the price of gold in terms of currency was fixed and the CB could issue or retire domestic currency only in line with gold inflows or outflows. Due to the scarcity of gold this system assured price stability as long as it functioned. Wars and depressions led to the replacement of the gold standard by the more flexible gold exchange standard. Along with restrictions on international capital flows this standard became a major pillar of the post–WWII Bretton Woods system. Under this system the U.S. dollar (USD) was pegged to gold, and other countries’ exchange rates were pegged to the USD. In many developing economies CBs functioned as governmental development banks.Following the world inflation of the 1970s and the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, eradication of inflation gradually became the explicit number one priority of CBs. The hyperinflationary experiences of the first half of the 20th century, which were mainly caused by over-utilization of the printing press to finance budgetary expenditures, convinced policymakers in developed economies, following Germany’s lead, that the conduct of monetary policy should be delegated to instrument independent CBs, that governments should be prohibited from borrowing from them, and that the main goal of the CB should be price stability. During the late 1980s and the 1990s numerous CBs obtained instrument independence and started to operate on inflation targeting systems. Under this system the CB is expected to use interest rate policy to deliver a low inflation rate in the long run and to stabilize fluctuations in economic activity in the short and medium terms. In parallel the fixed exchange rates of the Bretton Woods system were replaced by flexible rates or dirty floats. The conjunction of more flexible rates and IT effectively moved the control over exchange rates from governments to CBs.The global financial crisis reminded policymakers that, of all public institutions, the CB has a comparative advantage in swiftly preventing the crisis from becoming a generalized panic that would seriously cripple the financial system. The crisis precipitated the financial stability motive into the forefront of CBs’ policy concerns and revived the explicit recognition of the lender of last resort function of the CB in the face of shocks to the financial system. Although the financial stability objective appeared in CBs’ charters, along with the price stability objective, also prior to the crisis, the crisis highlighted the critical importance of the supervisory and regulatory functions of CBs and other regulators. An important lesson from the crisis was that micro-prudential supervision and regulation should be supplemented with macro-prudential regulation and that the CB is the choice institution to perform this function. The crisis led CBs of major developed economies to reduce their policy rates to zero (and even to negative values in some cases) and to engage in large-scale asset purchases that bloat their balance sheets to this day. It also induced CBs of small open economies to supplement their interest rate policies with occasional foreign exchange interventions.

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48

Kurucz, Elizabeth C., Barry A. Colbert i David Wheeler. The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility. Redaktorzy Andrew Crane, Dirk Matten, Abagail McWilliams, Jeremy Moon i Donald S. Siegel. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199211593.003.0004.

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The purpose of this article is to provide a general summary of the key value propositions evident in the research on the business case for corporate social responsibility (CSR), described as four general ‘types’ of the business case, or four modes of value creation. It then presents a critique of these approaches (including identifying some problems inherent in the construct of CSR itself) and offers some principles for constructing a ‘better’ business case. Its intent is not to conduct a thorough review of studies analyzing the relationship between CSR and financial performance, as that has been well done elsewhere. Rather it seeks to unearth assumptions underlying dominant approaches in an effort to build a more robust business case for CSR that can move beyond existing limitations.

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49

Thorne, Sara, i Sarah Bowater. Valve and outflow tract lesions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759959.003.0008.

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This chapter discusses valve and outflow tract lesions. It considers left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), including subvalvar aortic stenosis (AS), bicuspid aortic valve, and supravalvar AS. Also discussed are left ventricular inflow lesions, including congenital mitral valve abnormalities, cor triatriatum, and Shone syndrome. It also covers right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO), including pulmonary valvar stenosis, supravalvar pulmonary stenosis, pulmonary artery stenosis, pulmonary atresia with intact septum, and double-chambered right ventricle. Ebstein anomaly is also discussed, including incidence, associations, natural history, presenting features in the adult, investigations, and management.

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50

The Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide : Special Interest 1946-1989, No 4 (Gold Book: Official Used Car Value Guide: Special Interest). Gold Book, 1990.

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