Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Catchment geomorphology

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Catchment geomorphology”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Catchment geomorphology"

1

Andrews, E. D., T. P. Burt i D. E. Walling. "Catchment Experiments in Fluvial Geomorphology". Arctic and Alpine Research 17, nr 3 (sierpień 1985): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1551025.

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Behnke, J. J. "Catchment experiments in fluvial geomorphology". Earth-Science Reviews 22, nr 2 (wrzesień 1985): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-8252(85)90022-4.

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Gericke, Ockert J. "GIS Applications to Investigate the Linkage between Geomorphological Catchment Characteristics and Response Time: A Case Study in Four Climatological Regions, South Africa". Water 11, nr 5 (23.05.2019): 1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11051072.

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In flood hydrology, geomorphological catchment characteristics serve as fundamental input to inform decisions related to design flood estimation and regionalization. Typically, site-specific geomorphological catchment characteristics are used for regionalization, while flood statistics are used to test the homogeneity of the identified regions. This paper presents the application and comparison of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) modelling tools for the estimation of catchment characteristics to provide an enhanced understanding of the linkage between geomorphological catchment characteristics and response time. It was evident that catchment response variability is not exclusively related to catchment area, but rather associated with the increasing spatial–temporal heterogeneity of other catchment characteristics as the catchment scale increases. In general, catchment and channel geomorphology overruled the impact that catchment variables might have on the response time and resulting runoff. Shorter response times and higher peak flows were evident in similar-sized catchments characterized by lower shape factors, circularity ratios, and shorter centroid distances and associated higher elongation ratios, drainage densities and steeper slopes. The GIS applications not only enabled the inclusion of a more diverse selection of catchment characteristics as opposed to when manual methods are used, but the high degree of association between the different GIS-based methods also confirmed their preferential use.
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Conacher, Arthur. "A Role for Geomorphology in Integrated Catchment Management". Australian Geographical Studies 40, nr 2 (lipiec 2002): 179–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8470.00173.

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Trotter, Eleonora H. "Woody Debris, Forest-Stream Succession, and Catchment Geomorphology". Journal of the North American Benthological Society 9, nr 2 (czerwiec 1990): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1467447.

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Quesada-Román, Adolfo. "Geomorphology of the Guacimal River catchment, Costa Rica". Journal of Geography and Cartography 5, nr 2 (25.06.2022): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v5i2.1673.

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The Guacimal River catchment has an area of 181 km2 and is located in the NW of Costa Rica, between the coordinates 84.745° W-10.016° N and 84.909° W-10.325° N. In this territory, as in most of the country, detailed geomorphological studies are scarce; therefore, the objective of this paper is to present the geomorphological mapping at a scale of 1:25,000 of the Guacimal River, which allows us to explain the dynamics of the agents involved in the modeling of the catchment. The work methodology consisted of three stages: pre-mapping, field activity and post-mapping, which resulted in a map in which ten relief forms are represented, ordered according to their morphogenesis in endogenous modeled and exogenous (fluvial, gravitational and littoral). This document will be the base line for land use planning, both continental and coastal, and for local risk management.
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Helliwell, R. C., M. C. Coull, J. J. L. Davies, C. D. Evans, D. Norris, R. C. Ferrier, A. Jenkins i B. Reynolds. "The role of catchment characteristics in determining surface water nitrogen in four upland regions in the UK". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, nr 1 (17.01.2007): 356–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-356-2007.

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Abstract. Hydrochemical and catchment data from 80 upland moorland sites in four regions with contrasting climate, soils, geology and geomorphology have been analysed to assess the key catchment attributes that influence enhanced leaching of soluble nitrogen to surface waters. The regions are the South Pennines of northern England, the Snowdonia National Park in north Wales, the Galloway region of south-west Scotland and the Mourne Mountains in Northern Ireland, all highly acidified, with median pH values of <5.5. Linear regression of mean summer and winter concentrations for nitrate (NO3−), ammonium (NH4+), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were expressed as functions of catchment attributes. Nitrate concentrations in waters draining catchments dominated by peaty soils (large C pool) were much less than those in catchments dominated by mineral soils (small C pool). Hence, if future N deposition levels are maintained or increase, high-altitude catchments with small carbon pools are potentially more susceptible to NO3− leaching. All N species exhibit seasonality; this is most marked in Galloway and least marked in the South Pennines, which implies that the South Pennines have reached an advanced stage of N saturation. Surface water inorganic N concentrations and the ratio of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to dissolved organic N (DON) can be related to deposition inputs, although relationships differ throughout the year. If the DOC/DON ratio is indicative of catchment N saturation, levels of N retention are at least partially determined by deposition levels. This study identifies N deposition as a major inter-regional control on the degree of catchment N saturation and on N leaching to surface waters; it stresses the importance of catchment factors in modifying the relationship between N deposition and leaching in acid sensitive UK upland catchments.
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Vietz, Geoff J., Christopher J. Walsh i Tim D. Fletcher. "Urban hydrogeomorphology and the urban stream syndrome". Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 40, nr 3 (7.10.2015): 480–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133315605048.

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The urban stream syndrome is an almost universal physical and ecological response of streams to catchment urbanization. Altered channel geomorphology is a primary symptom that includes channel deepening, widening and instability. While the common approach is to treat the symptoms (e.g. modifying and stabilizing the channel), many stream restoration objectives will not be achieved unless the more vexing problem, treating the cause, is addressed in some way. Research demonstrates that the dominant cause of geomorphic change in streams in urban catchments is an altered flow regime and increase in the volume of stormwater runoff. Thus, managers can choose to treat the symptoms by modifying and controlling the channel to accommodate the altered flow regime, or treat the cause by modifying the flow regime to reduce the impact on channel morphology. In both cases treatments must, at the least, explicitly consider hydrogeomorphology—the science of the linkages between various hydrologic and geomorphic processes—to have a chance of success. This paper provides a review of recent literature (2010 to early 2015) to discuss fluvial hydrogeomorphology in the management of streams subject to urbanization. We suggest that while the dominant approach is focused on combating the symptoms of catchment urbanization (that we refer to as channel reconfiguration), there is increasing interest in approaches that attempt to address the causes by using stormwater control measures at a range of scales in the catchment (e.g. flow-regime management). In many settings in the oft-constrained urban catchment, effective management of stream morphology may require multiple approaches. To conclude, we identify five research areas that could inform urban hydrogeomorphology, one of the most challenging of which is the extent to which the volume of excess urban stormwater runoff can be reduced to mitigate the impact on stream geomorphology.
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Barker, Charles, i Gawie De Villiers. "A philosophical basis for the holistic study of landscape development in Geomorphology". Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 27, nr 3 (16.09.2008): 165–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v27i3.89.

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The development of Geomorphology from two former major disciplines (Geography and Geology),makes it difficult for practitioners to accept a single major meta-paradigm as is the case with other earth sciences. It is also clear from current developments in the discipline, that the move away from the traditional qualitative research in micro-scale environments left a methodological gap in investigations into larger (meso-scale) phenomena. In this article, paradigms and science are examined with special reference to Geography as one of the parental sciences of Geomorphology (a view which is largely held in South Africa). After an elucidation of a meta-paradigm for Geomorphology, this meta-paradigm is then discussed in greater detail. Critical issues such as time and space and the way in which they are treated in Geomorphology are considered. Five social paradigms (functionalism, positivism, pragmatism, realism and the general systems theory or holism) used in Geomorphology are explained in as far as they have been applied to the discipline in the past. These are then linked to philosophical concepts and research approaches in landscape development in particular. The historical evolution of landscape development studies and principles of landscape development such as quantitative methods, antagonism, stability, equilibrium, catena’s, directedness, tectonics, and environmental variables provide the foundation from which the authors formulate a philosophical basis, “systemic realism”, for the integration of process and historic-genetic studies in Geomorphology. Several criteria are given for testing the proposed methodology, based on the components from which the approach was formulated. Results from a case study done on the Modder River catchment in the central Free State are compared with the suggested approach. Firstly, a conceptual model of the catchment is discussed. The identification of possible causal processes and environmental conditions is made from the conceptual model, previous studies and the spatial distribution of land forms and geological features in the catchment. Finally, some light is shed on the possible future development of the landscape. It is the authors’ contention that systemic realism forms a sound basis for future research in landscape development and, from there, provides a guideline to resource management.
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Shand, P., A. H. Haria, C. Neal, K. J. Griffiths, D. C. Gooddy, A. J. Dixon, T. Hill, D. K. Buckley i J. E. Cunningham. "Hydrochemical heterogeneity in an upland catchment: further characterisation of the spatial, temporal and depth variations in soils, streams and groundwaters of the Plynlimon forested catchment, Wales". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 9, nr 6 (31.12.2005): 621–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-9-621-2005.

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Abstract. The heterogeneous nature of upland hard-rock catchments in terms of geology, geomorphology, superficial deposits, soil type and land use gives rise to a range of hydrochemical characteristics in stream waters. This is further complicated by the large and often rapid changes in stream flow typical of storm events. The sources of solutes and flow pathways in hard-rock catchments are still poorly understood, in particular the role of bedrock groundwater. Spatial variations in water chemistry are presented for stream waters, soils and groundwaters in the forested Plynlimon catchment of Wales, UK. The results highlight a large degree of spatial heterogeneity in each of these systems. This has major implications for the application of end-member mixing analysis and presents serious problems for modelling in scaling up from study sites to catchment scale. However, such data provide important constraints on sources, flow pathways and residence times within individual catchment compartments, knowledge of which is essential for understanding how such catchments function. The characterisation of sub-surface waters in upland catchments requires a great deal of care during sampling as well as high spatial and temporal resolution of sampling, and further work is required to characterise the Plynlimon catchments fully. Nevertheless, the presence of an active and highly stratified groundwater system is considered important as a source of solutes and water to streams. It also provides a storage medium that is likely to make a major contribution to explaining the strongly damped rainfall Cl and d2H signals measured in the streams.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Catchment geomorphology"

1

Rubensdotter, Lena. "Alpine lake sediment archives and catchment geomorphology : causal relationships and implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-945.

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Thompson, Chris J. Physical Environmental &amp Mathematical Sciences Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "The geomorphology of Southeast Australian mountain streams". Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38681.

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This thesis is a study of the morphology and sediment transport dynamics of mountain streams in southeast Australia. Mountain streams represent important geomorphological and ecological systems in Australia which have hitherto been poorly studied. The variability of mountain stream reach morphology was investigated at the regional scale using topographical surveys and sediment sampling techniques. Study sites were stratified by slope and local lithology. Eight channel-morphologies including Bedrock, Cascade, Step-pool, Planebed, Pool-Riffle, Cascade-pool, Riffle-step and Infilled, were identified using an objective statistical approach. Overall, channel types were found to correspond to existing reach-scale mountain stream templates. Five morphologies were associated with a specific lithology type which controlled the size and shape of grains supplied to the channels. Differences in coarse sediment transport processes between morphologies were investigated using stream monitoring techniques and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating. Monitoring results from a 3 year period indicated that channel beds are resistant to entrainment with shear stress thresholds for bedload transport ranging between 64 to 74 N/m2. Transport of reach median grain sizes requires floods that exceed bankfull discharge. Existing competence equations were found to over-predict the hydraulic driving force and consequently, a modified entrainment model was used to account for the regional channel characteristics. OSL dating was investigated as a tool to provide data on long-term sediment transport processes. Minimum age model results from the OSL dates show overall agreement with a selected entrainment model, and indicate differences in sediment transport dynamics between some reach morphology types. A regime model was used to quantify the physical domains of different channel morphologies. Limitations of the model were overcome by modifying the sediment supply surrogate to better reflect the dominant transported bedload size. Morphology types were delineated according to different sediment transport capacity-sediment supply domains. The distribution of channel morphology types within a series of catchments in southeast Australia was modelled within a GIS platform using the diagnostics of reach morphology derived from this study. The model provides a conceptual framework to evaluate the potential link between channel form, potential habitat diversity and aquatic biodiversity within the channel network in mountain streams.
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Boggs, Dimity. "Playas of the Yarra Yarra drainage system, Western Australia". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0074.

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This thesis examines playas as integrated ecosystems, through investigation of long- and short-term processes associated with playa geomorphology, hydrology and diatom ecology, in playas of the Yarra Yarra drainage system of Western Australia. This landscape approach was conducted at a range of scales and consequently revealed a level of heterogeneity not previously described in Australian playas. The key result and common thread linking the three facets of the playas investigated is the importance of hydroperiod in defining the playa environment. The morphology and distribution of playas are described and the results presented of an examination of potential mechanisms determining intra-system variability. Measurements of the physical attributes of the playas, including length, area, shape, density and orientation, were made through Geographic Information System analysis and detailed interpretation of aerial photography. Two main morphological groups are distinguished: small (<10 ha), elliptical to circular playas with a NNW-SSE orientation; and large (>30 ha), elongated playas. Regional patterns in geomorphic attributes are markedly different between the west and east sides of the system. The boundary between the two regions coincides approximately with rainfall distribution. In this respect, climate is an overarching driver of geomorphological variation but sub-catchment characteristics are also critical determinants. Littoral drift and segmentation processes that are common to coastal lagoons but not commonly described in playas were identified from visual interpretation of aerial photographs of spits, bars and cuspate shorelines. Six small playas, representing an hydrological continuum from mostly wet to mostly dry, were selected for investigation of their hydrology and diatom ecology, enabling assessment ii of the variability of hydrology, hydrochemistry and of the effects of different hydrological environments on the distribution of taxa. Hydroperiod was highly variable and central to determining playa geomorphology and biology. In the six playas it ranged from 19 to over 211 days, and filling frequency from 1 to 3 cycles between 2002 and 2004, reflecting rainfall and sub-catchment variability. Monitoring a series of nested piezometers revealed that the playas were net discharge points for ground water over the period of survey. However, small local vertical head variations indicate ground water does not discharge at the same rate across the playa surfaces and that playas may have short-lived phases of ground water recharge. Hydrochemically, the playas are typical of salt lakes in Australia. They displayed a wide range of salinity values, neutral to alkaline pH and ionic composition similar to sea water. It is postulated that the geochemical evolution of waters in the playas follows a pathway where low salinity recharge waters with dilute sea water salts progress to Na-Cl dominated brines through evaporative concentration. Surface waters showed an ionic dominance consistent with sea water with minor variations attributed to transitional phases in the geochemical evolution of the waters. Shallow ground waters showed a common and consistent pattern of ionic dominance: Na+ >Mg2+ >K+ >Ca2+ : Cl- >SO4 2- >HCO3 ->CO3 2-.
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Anorov, Julie Margaret, i n/a. "Integrated Study of Coastal Wetland Characteristics and Geomorphic Processes in a South East Queensland Catchment". Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060223.153104.

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Coastal wetlands are dynamic ecosystems that are highly susceptible to change due to natural and human factors. The study area, located within the Native Dog Creek sub-catchment of the Logan River - which drains into Moreton Bay, south east Queensland - holds a detailed history of environmental change spanning most of the Holocene epoch. This history is preserved in the estuarine sedimentary record and is a valuable indicator of natural environmental change. More recently, human-induced changes within the study area have been superimposed on the natural process of environmental change. In order to develop a conceptual bio-geomorphic model of the coastal wetlands of Native Dog Creek, this thesis examined - on an integrated catchment basis - the evolution and connectivity of four coastal wetland community types (Melaleuca, Casuarina, saltmarsh and mangroves). The research consisted of four discrete studies within the study area: a geomorphic investigation that provided a framework for understanding how the wetlands evolved during the Holocene epoch; an acid sulfate soil (ASS) study that surveyed the distribution and concentration of sulfides; a palynological study that examined the natural directions of ecosystem change; and an investigation of the impact of specific human activities on these ecosystems. Detailed stratigraphic modelling found that the Logan River system (and its Native Dog Creek sub-catchment) has evolved from an infilling estuary since the peak of the Holocene transgression 6500 years before present. Recognition of the major controls that influenced geomorphic coastal development during the Holocene, provided important insights into the distribution and genesis of estuarine pyritic sediments which strongly influence the soils within the study area. In general, the estuarine central basin and fluvial delta sediments posed the greatest risk to the environment from acidification if disturbed. The major focus of the ASS study was to survey the distribution of ASS and to identify other areas most vulnerable to acidification. A predictive approach that combined chemical and stratigraphic analysis was used. Results showed that these areas are intrinsically related to their environment of deposition. The study found, for example, that the alternation of excessively wet and dry conditions - combined with high organic carbon levels and variations in microtopography - provided ideal conditions for the re-formation of pyrite in the stream channel within the Melaleuca wetlands. The palaeo-environmental study reconstructed the evolution of Holocene coastal wetland vegetation during the marine transgression and subsequent shoreline progradation. Pollen records from the four representative wetland communities (previously mentioned) were examined. The results found the mid-late Holocene vegetation history was controlled by the development of geomorphic features that have affected freshwater input, drainage and salinity. In response to the progradation of the shoreline after sea level stabilised, changes in fossil pollen from mangroves and saltmarsh taxa during the early-mid Holocene, to freshwater taxa during the late Holocene, are estimated to have taken 800 years. Thus, pollen analysis when used in combination with stratigraphic modelling, provided an important point of reference for rates of natural ecological change in response to evolutionary changes to the physical environment. The wetlands within the study area have suffered varying degrees of disturbance since European settlement in the 1820s. The most significant changes occurred during early European settlement, when vast areas of coastal lowlands were cleared for timber, sheep and cattle grazing and for agricultural purposes. A second period of change occurred from 1989 to 1995, when the Melaleuca community suffered dieback in response to hydrological modifications to Native Dog Creek for the development of a golf course. Results indicate that human-induced changes over the past 170 years have occurred at a rate far beyond the ability of the natural ecosystem to adapt or move to a more ecologically sustainable state, at least in the short-term. Hence the current environment is experiencing degradation through both decline in health and loss of indigenous species. The development of a conceptual bio-geomorphic model was based on the integration of results from all four studies, in an effort to provide a holistic understanding of the coastal wetland environment and of the impact of human-induced changes upon that environment. If these vulnerable ecosystems are to be maintained, successful and sustainable coastal management strategies must rely on a sound scientific understanding of the response of a coastal ecosystem to both human and environmental changes.
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Anorov, Julie Margaret. "Integrated Study of Coastal Wetland Characteristics and Geomorphic Processes in a South East Queensland Catchment". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365955.

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change due to natural and human factors. The study area, located within the Native Dog Creek sub-catchment of the Logan River - which drains into Moreton Bay, south east Queensland - holds a detailed history of environmental change spanning most of the Holocene epoch. This history is preserved in the estuarine sedimentary record and is a valuable indicator of natural environmental change. More recently, human-induced changes within the study area have been superimposed on the natural process of environmental change. In order to develop a conceptual bio-geomorphic model of the coastal wetlands of Native Dog Creek, this thesis examined - on an integrated catchment basis - the evolution and connectivity of four coastal wetland community types (Melaleuca, Casuarina, saltmarsh and mangroves). The research consisted of four discrete studies within the study area: a geomorphic investigation that provided a framework for understanding how the wetlands evolved during the Holocene epoch; an acid sulfate soil (ASS) study that surveyed the distribution and concentration of sulfides; a palynological study that examined the natural directions of ecosystem change; and an investigation of the impact of specific human activities on these ecosystems. Detailed stratigraphic modelling found that the Logan River system (and its Native Dog Creek sub-catchment) has evolved from an infilling estuary since the peak of the Holocene transgression 6500 years before present. Recognition of the major controls that influenced geomorphic coastal development during the Holocene, provided important insights into the distribution and genesis of estuarine pyritic sediments which strongly influence the soils within the study area. In general, the estuarine central basin and fluvial delta sediments posed the greatest risk to the environment from acidification if disturbed. The major focus of the ASS study was to survey the distribution of ASS and to identify other areas most vulnerable to acidification. A predictive approach that combined chemical and stratigraphic analysis was used. Results showed that these areas are intrinsically related to their environment of deposition. The study found, for example, that the alternation of excessively wet and dry conditions - combined with high organic carbon levels and variations in microtopography - provided ideal conditions for the re-formation of pyrite in the stream channel within the Melaleuca wetlands. The palaeo-environmental study reconstructed the evolution of Holocene coastal wetland vegetation during the marine transgression and subsequent shoreline progradation. Pollen records from the four representative wetland communities (previously mentioned) were examined. The results found the mid-late Holocene vegetation history was controlled by the development of geomorphic features that have affected freshwater input, drainage and salinity. In response to the progradation of the shoreline after sea level stabilised, changes in fossil pollen from mangroves and saltmarsh taxa during the early-mid Holocene, to freshwater taxa during the late Holocene, are estimated to have taken 800 years. Thus, pollen analysis when used in combination with stratigraphic modelling, provided an important point of reference for rates of natural ecological change in response to evolutionary changes to the physical environment. The wetlands within the study area have suffered varying degrees of disturbance since European settlement in the 1820s. The most significant changes occurred during early European settlement, when vast areas of coastal lowlands were cleared for timber, sheep and cattle grazing and for agricultural purposes. A second period of change occurred from 1989 to 1995, when the Melaleuca community suffered dieback in response to hydrological modifications to Native Dog Creek for the development of a golf course. Results indicate that human-induced changes over the past 170 years have occurred at a rate far beyond the ability of the natural ecosystem to adapt or move to a more ecologically sustainable state, at least in the short-term. Hence the current environment is experiencing degradation through both decline in health and loss of indigenous species. The development of a conceptual bio-geomorphic model was based on the integration of results from all four studies, in an effort to provide a holistic understanding of the coastal wetland environment and of the impact of human-induced changes upon that environment. If these vulnerable ecosystems are to be maintained, successful and sustainable coastal management strategies must rely on a sound scientific understanding of the response of a coastal ecosystem to both human and environmental changes.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
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Valters, Declan. "Modelling catchment sensitivity to rainfall resolution and erosional parameterisation in simulations of flash floods in the UK". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modelling-catchment-sensitivity-to-rainfall-resolution-and-erosional-parameterisation-in-simulations-of-flash-floods-in-the-uk(a97f0c18-1222-42db-8ff9-daadfd3c9780).html.

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The contribution of this thesis is twofold: 1) the development of a hydrodynamic landscape evolution model for use on high-performance computing systems and 2) assessing the sensitivity of hydrogeomorphic processes to high-resolution rainfall input data and erosional parameterisation using the model. The thesis addresses a limitation in numerical landscape evolution models regarding how spatial variation in rainfall is represented or parameterised within such models. Typically, landscape evolution models forsake a realistic representation of rainfall patterns in favour of a simpler treatment of rainfall as being spatially homogeneous across the model domain. This simplification of rainfall spatial variability is still made despite the fact that many geomorphological processes are sensitive to thresholds of sediment entrainment and transport, driven by the distribution and movement of water within the landscape. The thesis starts by exploring current limitations in rainfall representation in landscape evolution models, and assesses various precipitation data sources that could be potentially used as more realistic rainfall inputs to landscape evolution models. A numerical model of landscape evolution is developed for deployment on high-performance parallel computing systems, based on the established CAESAR-Lisflood model (Coulthard et al., 2013). The new model code is benchmarked, showing performance benefits compared with the original CAESAR-Lisflood model it is based on. The model is applied to assessing the sensitivity of flood-inundation predictions, sediment flux, and erosion distribution within river catchments to spatial variation in rainfall during extreme storm events. Two real storm events that caused localised flash flooding in the UK are used as test cases: the Boscastle storm of 2004 and the North York Moors storm of 2005. Flood extent predictions and river discharges are found to be sensitive to the use of spatially variable input rainfall data, with high-resolution rainfall data leading to larger peak flood discharges. However, the differences are less pronounced in smaller catchments. The role of sediment erosion during large floods is also assessed, but it is found to play a minor role relative to spatially variable rainfall data. In contrast, the geomorphological response of catchments to single storm events is shown to be less sensitive to the spatial heterogeneity of rainfall input and controlled more strongly by the choice of erosional process parameterisation within the model. Nonetheless, spatial variability in rainfall data is shown to increase sediment yields during flash flood simulations.
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Afolabi, Olamide. "Quantitative characterisation of channel sinuosity, determination of catchment and sedimentary basin controls on channel sinuosity and interpretation of channel planform in fluvial systems with GIS and remote sensing techniques". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=226793.

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This work have quantitatively determine the catchment variables controlling the sinuosity transition of non-valley constrained DFS channels in Alaska, Himalaya and the Andes. Results from the characterisation of channel sinuosity were used through regression analyses to determine the catchment and channel bed parameters controlling reach sinuosity trend and transition of fluvial channel planforms in order to infer a control on the heterogeneity of DFS in the rock record. The catchment approach used was necessary because the studied fluvial systems are associated with DFS (which are regarded as larger forms of alluvial fans) and catchment based approach have been used to investigate controls on alluvial fan morphology. In addition, catchment based investigations are rare in the analyses of the discriminant functions that are considered as controlling factors on channel sinuosity and planform employed previously in the tributary systems. Two distinct channel types were found through the characterisation of 553 reaches of fluvial channels in 3 different modern continental sedimentary basins; channels with no transition in sinuosity/planform (group 1), and channels with transition in sinuosity/planform (group 2) Among the channel bed and catchment quantitative variables investigated in this work, catchment area is the only parameter that shows a general relationship with the channel distance from the apex to the transition point in channel sinuosity through the overall regression results. The result shows that the bigger the catchment area the longer the transition point which is related to a higher water and sediment discharge. Thus, the point at which the channel sinuosity transition will occur can be predicted from the catchment area through the regression equation [y=0.0017x + 28] of the overall linear regression line, where x is the catchment area and y is the channel distance from the apex to the point of transition in channel sinuosity. As the studied channels are associated with DFS, this relation also reflects the prediction of the transition point in the DFS fluvial styles in the rock record. Overall regression analysis results show statistically poor results for the relationship between catchment elevation, catchment slope, channel bed elevation, channel bed slope and either the channel sinuosity or the sinuosity transition. However, in all the three study areas, the majority of the datasets show a trend with the catchment area/sinuosity transition relationship. Additionally, the study area with mainly the biggest catchments (longer channel sinuosity transition) is associated with the highest catchment slope, lowest channel bed elevation and more anabranching channels. Also, the study area with mainly the smallest catchments (shorter channel sinuosity transition) is associated with lower catchment slope, higher channel bed elevation and fewer anabranching channels. This suggests that the higher water and sediment discharge may be related to the steeper slopes and the anabranching channels may reflect the lower channel bed elevation. However, deviations obeserved in the overall regression result in the three study areas are attributed to the differences in the climatic, geologic and tectonic factors in the 3 settings. Although, the differences in these study areas have been shown, nevertheless the interpretations cannot be substantiated in this work with the available data. Thus, there is need for further research to prove any conclusive relationship between these factors and hence remains an issue of debate. In conclusion, this work shows that catchment area is an important controlling parameter on the transition in channel sinuosity of non-valley constrained DFS channels and consequently reflects a a control on the transition in spatial variations of the associated DFS in the rock record.
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dos, Santos Toledo Busarello Mariana. "Machine Learning Applied to Reach Classification in a Northern Sweden Catchment". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184140.

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An accurate fine resolution classification of river systems positively impacts the process of assessment and monitoring of water courses, as stressed by the European Commission’s Water Framework Directive. Being able to attribute classes using remotely obtained data can be advantageous to perform extensive classification of reaches without the use of field work, with some methods also allowing to identify which features best described each of the process domains. In this work, the data from two Swedish sub-catchments above the highest coastline was used to train a Random Forest Classifier, a Machine Learning algorithm. The obtained model provided predictions of classifications and analyses of the most important features. Each study area was studied separately, then combined. In the combined case, the analysis was made with and without lakes in the data, to verify how it would affect the predictions. The results showed that the accuracy of the estimator was reliable, however, due to data complexity and imbalance, rapids were harder to be classify accurately, with an overprediction of the slow-flowing class. Combining the datasets and having the presence of lakes lessened the shortcomings of the data imbalance. Using the feature importance and permutation importance methods, the three most important features identified were the channel slope, the median of the roughness in the 100-m buffer, and the standard deviation of the planform curvature in the 100-m buffer. This finding was supported by previous studies, but other variables expected to have a high participation such as lithology and valley confinement were not relevant, which most likely relates to the coarseness of the available data. The most frequent errors were also placed in maps, showing there was some overlap of error hotspots and areas previously restored in 2010.
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Warman, Craig S. "Understanding the spatial and temporal variation in anthropogenically induced channel response in the Irwin River catchment". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0214.

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The Irwin River catchment, located in the central western region of Western Australia, has been the scene of significant geomorphological change over both historical and geological timescales. This thesis focuses on the most recent of these changes, the anthropogenic imprint, through the development of a catchment-scale understanding of system behaviour. Analysis and modelling of changes in the hydrological behaviour of the system indicates that while the Irwin River has displayed a natural susceptibility to large flood events, these have been exacerbated by the widespread clearing of native vegetation throughout the catchment. As a result, when such events do occur, the catchment response is now larger, more direct and has a greater ability to cause erosion. However, the nature and detail of sediment yield processes and stream channel response varies markedly throughout the system. A series of representative channel reaches, as defined by their planform characteristics, geometry and architecture, are presented to illustrate spatial changes in stream channel behaviour. A distinct variation in river morphotypes is seen both downstream throughout the system as well as across the tributary sub-catchments of the Irwin River, Lockier River and Green Brook. This inter and intra sub-catchment variation in stream channel response can be attributed to changes in the boundary conditions and coupling mechanisms in operation throughout the Irwin River system. The pronounced spatial variability in response to human disturbance and the changing nature of catchment-scale connectivity seen in the Irwin River system differs markedly to that reported elsewhere in the literature. Appreciation of the variability in form, behaviour and evolutionary history throughout the Irwin River catchment not only provides the foundation for effective management but also contributes to a wider understanding of fluvial system behaviour. Unlike the majority of existing literature, which tends to identify and measure channel changes in a single catchment where historical variation to the sediment and discharge regime is well known, this study demonstrates the role of boundary conditions in determining the response of the fluvial system to changing environmental controls.
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Mohammed, Abdel-Fattah Sayed Soliman. "Integrated Hydro-geomorphological Approach to Flash Flood Risk Assessment and Mitigation Strategies in Wadi Systems". Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/227604.

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Książki na temat "Catchment geomorphology"

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4.

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Patwary, B. C. Hydrogeomorphological study of Tawi catchment, J & K. Roorkee: National Institute of Hydrology, 1993.

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Zwoliński, Zbigniew, i Achim A. Beylich. Hydrogeomorphological processes in catchment geoecosystems. Stuttgart: Borntraeger, 2012.

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Glanville, Warren Peter. Holocene river behaviour and environmental change in the upper River Liffey catchment, Co. Wicklow, Ireland. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1999.

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International, Conference on Fluvial Sedimentology (6th 1997 Cape Town South Africa). Catchment influences on the geomorphology and biota of the Sabie and Letaba Rivers in the Kruger National Park: Pre-conference field excursion, 6th International Conference on Fluvial Sedimentology, University of Cape Town, South Africa, 15 to 20 September, 1997. [Cape Town, South Africa: The Conference, 1997.

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García, Celso, i Joan Estrany. Fine-sediment transport studies within small catchments. Stuttgart: Gebrüder Borntraeger, 2012.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems: A New Perspective from Limnogeomorphology. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2017.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems: A New Perspective from Limnogeomorphology. Springer, 2018.

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Garcia, C., i R. J. Batalla. Catchment Dynamics and River Processes. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2005.

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Maria, Sala, Garcia Celso i Batalla Ramon J, red. Catchment dynamics and river processes: Mediterranean and other climate regions. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2005.

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Części książek na temat "Catchment geomorphology"

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Downs, Peter W., i Gary Priestnall. "Modelling Catchment Processes". W Tools in Fluvial Geomorphology, 205–30. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470868333.ch8.

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Thornes, John B. "Catchment and Channel Hydrology". W Geomorphology of Desert Environments, 257–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8254-4_11.

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Thornes, John B. "Catchment and Channel Hydrology". W Geomorphology of Desert Environments, 303–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5719-9_11.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. "Introduction". W Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems, 1–4. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_1.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. "Lake-Catchment System and Drainage System". W Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems, 5–11. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_2.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. "Climatic (Climato-Geomorphic) Forces on Lake-Catchment Systems". W Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems, 13–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_3.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. "Tectonic (Tectono-Geomorphic) Forces on Systems". W Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems, 49–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_4.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. "Anthropogenic Forces on Systems". W Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems, 73–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_5.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. "Observations on Lake-Catchment Systems and Experimental Models". W Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems, 87–104. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_6.

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Kashiwaya, Kenji. "Observation of a Small Lake-Catchment System (Kawauso-ike System) After the Kobe Earthquake and Mathematical Models". W Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems, 105–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_7.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Catchment geomorphology"

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Bejenaru, Alina, i Mihai Niculiţă. "Landslide inventory of the Crasna catchment, Moldavian Plateau, Romania". W Proceedings of the Romanian Geomorphology Symposium, 33rd edition, Iași, 11-14 May 2017. Iași: Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15551/prgs.2017.28.

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Livarciuc, Florentina, Maria Rădoane i Adrian Chelariu Moroșan. "Sediment dynamics and channel adjustments following a torrential flood in a small catchment: Gemenea, Eastern Carpathians". W Proceedings of the Romanian Geomorphology Symposium, 33rd edition, Iași, 11-14 May 2017. Iași: Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15551/prgs.2017.63.

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Cherkez, E., S. Shatalin, O. Chyzhyk, T. Kozlova, V. Medinets, V. Yavorska, S. Medinets i I. Soltys. "Geoinformation Technologies to Study Geology and Geomorphology Conditions and Features of the Riverbed Depositions Lithological Structure of the Velykyi Kuyalnyk River Catchment". W Geoinformatics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20215521104.

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Mazurkin, Peter Matveevich, i Yana Oltgovna Georgieva. "FACTOR ANALYSIS OF GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES AT POINTS OF THE CHANNEL OF A SMALL RIVER ON SPACE IMAGES". W GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b1/v2/24.

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The purpose of the article is the analysis of asymmetric wavelets in binary relations between three coordinates at 290 characteristic points from the source to the mouth of the small river Irovka. The hypsometric characteristic is the most important property of the relief. The Irovka River belongs to a low level, at the mouth it is 89 m high, and at the source it is 148 m above sea level. Modeling of binary relations with latitude, longitude, and height has shown that local latitude receives the greatest quantum certainty. In this case, all paired regularities received a correlation coefficient of more than 0.95. Such a high adequacy of wave patterns shows that geomorphology can go over to the wave multiple fractal representation of the relief. The Irovka River is characterized by a small anthropogenic impact, therefore, the relief over a length of 69 km has the natural character of the oscillatory adaptation of a small river to the surface of the Vyatka Uval from its eastern side. This allows us to proceed to the analysis of the four tributaries of the small river Irovka, as well as to model the relief of the entire catchment basin of 917 km2. The greatest adequacy with a correlation coefficient of 0.9976 was obtained by the influence of latitude on longitude, that is, the geographical location of the relief of the river channel with respect to the geomorphology of the Vyatka Uval. In second place with a correlation of 0.9967 was the influence of the height of the points of the channel of the small river on local longitude and it is also mainly determined by the relief of the Vyatka Uval. In third place was the effect of latitude on height with a correlation coefficient of 0.9859. And in last sixth place is the inverse effect of altitude on local latitude in the North-South direction.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Catchment geomorphology"

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Tremblay, T., i M. Lamothe. New contributions to the ice-flow chronology in the Boothia-Lancaster Ice Stream catchment area. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331062.

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Within the Boothia-Lancaster Ice Stream (BLIS) catchment area, ice flow patterns were reconstructed based on the synthesis of striation directions and cross-cutting relationships, transport patterns of erratic boulders, glacial landforms, cold-based glacial landsystems, and ice-retreat chronology. New ArcticDEM data, high-definition satellite imagery and multibeam echosounder bathymetric datasets provided increased details on ice flow indicators. Convergent high-velocity ice flows through the BLIS main axis were major, persistent features in the northeastern Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glaciation, and this study highlights intensity fluctuations and ice flow pattern variations that occurred during that time. Highly contrasting glacial geomorphology, notably in the abundance of moraines, reflects marked differences in ice-margin retreat rates and patterns during deglaciation between the western and eastern sides of the BLIS.
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Tremblay, T., i M. Lamothe. New contributions to the ice-flow chronology in the Boothia-Lancaster ice-stream catchment area, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331424.

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Within the Boothia-Lancaster ice stream (BLIS) catchment area, ice-flow patterns were reconstructed based on the synthesis of striation directions and crosscutting relationships, transport patterns of erratic boulders, glacial landforms, cold-based glacial landsystems, and ice-retreat chronology. New ArcticDEM data, high-definition satellite imagery, and multibeam echosounder bathymetric data sets provided increased details on ice-flow indicators. Convergent high-velocity ice flows through the BLIS main axis were major, persistent features in the northeastern Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glaciation, and this study highlights intensity fluctuations and ice-flow pattern variations that occurred during that time. Highly contrasting glacial geomorphology, notably in the abundance of moraines, reflects marked differences in ice-margin retreat rates and patterns during deglaciation between the western and eastern sides of the BLIS.
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