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Bucchignani, Edoardo. "Early Career Scientists’ (ECS) Contributions to Meteorology". Meteorology 2, nr 1 (15.03.2023): 146–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/meteorology2010010.
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Bucchignani, Edoardo. "Early Career Scientists’ (ECS) Contributions to Meteorology 2023". Meteorology 3, nr 2 (27.05.2024): 232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/meteorology3020011.
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Croft, Paul J. "Assessing “The Excitement of Meteorology!” for Young Scholars". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 80, nr 5 (1.05.1999): 879–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477-80.5.879.
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The National Science Foundation Young Scholar Program “The Excitement of Meteorology!” successfully brought the atmospheric and related sciences to high school students in Mississippi. The four-week summer program was administered through the Jackson State University Meteorology Program in the Department of Physics, Atmospheric Sciences, and General Science and was supported by the Mississippi Science Partnership program office. This commuter program provided an opportunity to learn, study, and research the field of meteorology. Through instructional sessions, laboratories, field trips, and peer contact participants were exposed to the concepts of atmospheric motion, the development of storms, and the practical application of meteorology during a one-month period. The program was intended to help students make their own career decisions and to foster their interest in the sciences and meteorology. The goals and objectives of the program were to develop basic science skills; make participants aware of the interdisciplinary nature of meteorology; provide participants with the opportunity to see and hear the meteorologist as a researcher, teacher, and communicator; provide the information and incentive necessary for participants to choose a career in meteorology or the sciences; make participants aware of the various employment opportunities in the field; and show the moral and ethical responsibilities and importance of atmospheric science to society. Thirty sophomore and junior high school student participants (22 females and 8 males, nearly all of whom were African–American) completed the program. All were tested on their meteorological knowledge and skills gained during the program and questioned about their field and lecture experiences. They also “graded” the effectiveness of all speakers, presentations, videotapes, and laboratory sessions. Through surveys it was found that the participants' desire to pursue a science career and to go to college were increased by the program. They also indicated that the program objectives had been met and that the program had met their expectations. They were particularly pleased with the opportunity to work in a college setting and with professional scientists.
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Fuentes, Jose D., i Dennis W. Thomson. "John C. Wyngaard: His Career in Boundary-Layer Meteorology". Boundary-Layer Meteorology 145, nr 1 (10.07.2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-012-9749-y.
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Matsuno, Taroh. "Prologue: Tropical Meteorology 1960–2010—Personal Recollections". Meteorological Monographs 56 (1.04.2016): vii—xv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/amsmonographs-d-15-0012.1.
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This volume consists of some papers presented at the AMS Symposium held to honor the memory of the late Professor Michio Yanai as well as additional works inspired by his research. By the nature of this volume, many of the contributed papers describe the development of tropical meteorology over the past half-century or so in connection with Professor Yanai’s influence on it. While most of the chapters address specific areas and discuss timely issues, in this prologue I will describe some of Professor Yanai’s contributions during the early period of his career from my own point of view. As this is a personal reminiscence, I would like to emphasize how Professor Yanai influenced me. Both Professor Yanai and I became graduate students at the University of Tokyo to begin our career as meteorologists in 1956 and 1957, respectively. Since we studied and worked together so closely for a long time, in this article I will call him Yanai-san as I have done in our personal interactions.
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Barrett, Bradford S., i John E. Woods. "Using the Amazing atmosphere to Foster Student Learning and Interest in Meteorology". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 93, nr 3 (1.03.2012): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-11-00020.1.
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To engage students in active learning, the Oceanography Department at the United States Naval Academy developed a new, not-for-course-credit training activity for its students, the Severe Weather InField Training (SWIFT). In SWIFT, 10 students and 2 faculty members traveled to the Great Plains and met with operational and research meteorologists, led daily weather discussions, made daily convective forecasts, and verified their convective forecasts by observing severe storms. Participation was solicited from sophomore- and junior-level students. SWIFT built on similar activities developed by other universities with its particular emphasis on assessing student learning and broadening awareness of both Department of Defense and civilian career opportunities in meteorology. Assessment outcomes from SWIFT indicate that students deepened their understanding of severe weather processes, were equipped to use observational and modeling data in real time, applied course content to real-world situations, became active participants in science inquiry, were introduced to a variety of meteorology career options, and increased their interest in pursuing a science-related career.
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Bruin, Henk De, i Frans Nieuwstadt. "Joost Businger–His Career In Boundary-Layer Meteorology In A Nutshell". Boundary-Layer Meteorology 116, nr 2 (sierpień 2005): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-004-7957-9.
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Esbensen, Steven K., Jan-Hwa Chu, Wen-wen Tung i Robert G. Fovell. "Six Decades of Tropical Meteorology Research—A Retrospective on Michio Yanai’s Life and Career". Meteorological Monographs 56 (1.04.2016): xvii—xxx. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/amsmonographs-d-15-0010.1.
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Abstract This monograph on convection-coupled systems in the tropics was inspired by the life and career of Professor Michio Yanai, whose major contributions to the subject spanned more than five decades. From a distant perspective, Professor Yanai’s career can be understood in the context of Japanese scientists who immigrated to the United States in the decades of the 1950s and 1960s, enriching the meteorological research community in the United States as well as abroad (Lewis 1993). A closer look reminds us that the tapestry of scientific progress is created by the contributions of individual scientists with their unique backgrounds, motivations, and talents, and the serendipity of events that shape their lives.
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Chen, Zhenghong, Guifang Yang i Robert Wray. "Shiyan Tao and the history of indigenous meteorology in China". Earth Sciences History 33, nr 2 (1.01.2014): 346–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.33.2.m1785g142439vv86.
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This paper gives an account of some of the indigenous characteristics of China's atmospheric sciences. We use the contributions of Academician Shiyan Tao to demonstrate how scientific advances in an international context were adapted to the evolving field of meteorology in China. The article outlines the major scientific contributions of Shiyan Tao, pays specific attention to his academic career in an international context, and highlights the possible implications of his achievements to the meteorological field in China. Tao came into meteorology while studying at the National Central University (NCU) in 1938. In 1944, he entered the Institute of Meteorology of Academia Sinica (IMAS), and in 1950 he joined the Joint Center for Weather Analysis and Prediction (JCWAP), where he furthered his experiences in weather prediction. In 1958, he published, with coauthors Tu-cheng Yeh and Chen-chao Koo, three important articles in Tellus, giving wider access to his academic contributions in the areas of satellite meteorology, rainstorms in China, East Asian Monsoon, and Tibetan atmospheric research. In this paper, we outline how the indigenous innovations of Tao integrated many international meteorological ideas into the Chinese setting, thereby promoting the development of atmospheric sciences in China. His successes benefited greatly from the desire to: pursue Chinese national requirements, integrate international advances into Chinese meteorology, coordinate research groups, and undertake practical research. He created a Practical School of Atmospheric Science in China and helped mold it with distinctive characteristics indigenous to contemporary China. By virtue of his position, Tao also trained numerous other Chinese meteorologists.
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Klotzbach, Philip J., Johnny C. L. Chan, Patrick J. Fitzpatrick, William M. Frank, Christopher W. Landsea i John L. McBride. "The Science of William M. Gray: His Contributions to the Knowledge of Tropical Meteorology and Tropical Cyclones". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 98, nr 11 (1.11.2017): 2311–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-16-0116.1.
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Abstract Advances in knowledge in tropical meteorological research are discussed in the context of contributions made by Professor William M. Gray. Gray pioneered the compositing approach to observational tropical meteorology through assembling of global radiosonde datasets and tropical cyclone research flight data. In the 1970s, he made fundamental contributions to knowledge of convective–larger-scale interactions. Throughout his career, he wrote seminal papers on tropical cyclone structure, cyclogenesis, motion, and seasonal forecasts. His conceptual development of a seasonal genesis parameter also laid an important framework for both seasonal forecasting as well as climate change studies on tropical cyclones. His work was a blend of both observationally based studies and the development of theoretical concepts. This paper reviews the progress in knowledge in the areas where Dr. Gray provided his largest contributions and describes the scientific legacy of Gray’s contributions to tropical meteorology.
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Changnon, David. "Design and Test of a “Hands-On” Applied Climate Course in an Undergraduate Meteorology Program". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 79, nr 1 (1.01.1998): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477-79.1.79.
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Job opportunities for undergraduate meteorology students are decreasing. An innovative course in applied climatology has been designed and tested to help prepare such students for the career options developing in the private sector. Students are trained to use their meteorological knowledge and analytical skills to work interactively with weather-sensitive users in utilities, agribusinesses, water-resource agencies, recreation firms, and transportation companies. The students develop and test climate relationship-decision models in a real-world environment for these organizations. The models they develop bridge existing information “gaps” between climatologists and weather-sensitive managers who 1) do not understand climate information, and/or 2) do not know how to apply it to their environmental or economic decisions. As a result, students receive applied research experience and important “education-to-career” opportunities; that is, students can apply what is learned through direct and often beneficial interactions with decision makers. These efforts address problems similar to those they likely will encounter after employment. Other long-term objectives of this course are to develop a more effective information flow between climatologists and weather-sensitive users and to assist climatologists by identifying the types of needs for climate information.
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VIRK, HARDEV SINGH. "C.V. Raman's Student L.A. Ramdas - From Agricultural Meteorology to Discovery of Ramdas Layer". Journal of Agrometeorology 25, nr 4 (30.11.2023): 616–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v25i4.2393.
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Indian Physicist Dr C.V. Raman, the founder of the Raman Spectroscopy, is the only Indian who received Nobel Prize in Science. Raman trained almost 100 scientists in his laboratory who influenced the development of science and technology in India. Dr L A Ramdas was one of them who began his research career under Raman in the beginning of 1920s. Not only, he coined the term ‘Raman Effect’, but also studied the scattering of light in gases and vapours. The present book written by Dr Rajinder Singh, presents Ramdas’s work on light scattering in association with Raman, his venture in establishing a new field namely, Agricultural Meteorology, and subsequently the discovery of Ramdas Layer, named after him.
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Uccellini, Louis W., Paul J. Kocin, Joseph Sienkiewicz, Robert Kistler i Michael Baker. "Fred Sanders' Roles in the Transformation of Synoptic Meteorology, the Study of Rapid Cyclogenesis, the Prediction of Marine Cyclones, and the Forecast of New York City's “Big Snow” of December 1947". Meteorological Monographs 55 (1.11.2008): 269–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/0065-9401-33.55.269.
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Abstract Fred Sanders' career extended over 55 yr, touching upon many of the revolutionary transformations in the field of meteorology during that period. In this paper, his contributions to the transformation of synoptic meteorology, his research into the nature of explosive cyclogenesis, and related advances in the ability to predict these storms are reviewed. In addition to this review, the current status of forecasting oceanic cyclones 4.5 days in advance is presented, illustrating the progress that has been made and the challenges that persist, especially for forecasting those extreme extratropical cyclones that are marked by surface wind speeds exceeding hurricane force. Last, Fred Sanders' participation in a forecast for the historic 1947 snowstorm (that produced snowfall amounts in the New York City area that set records at that time) is reviewed along with an attempt to use today's operational global model to simulate this storm using data that were available at the time. The study reveals the predictive limitations involved with this case based on the scarcity of upper-air data in 1947, while confirming Fred Sanders' forecasting skills when dealing with these types of major storm events, even as a young aviation forecaster at New York's LaGuardia Airport.
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Kurzer, F. "The life and work of Charles Tomlinson FRS: a career in Victorian science and technology". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 58, nr 2 (22.05.2004): 203–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2004.0056.
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Charles Tomlinson (1808–97) was an exceptionally versatile scientist of the Victorian era, who, in a long career as an educator, encyclopaedist and researcher contributed significantly to the advancement of science and technology. By his prolific authorship of some 50 books and 100 published papers and notes, he promoted the dissemination of scientific information, both to professionals and to a wider public that was beginning to appreciate the powerful influence of technology on the wealth and well-being of society. In his magnificent Cyclopaedia of the useful arts , he set a monument to the contemporary state of science, technology and the manufactures. His researches in the field of chemical physics, especially concerned with the phenomena of surface tension, supersaturation and meteorology, were recognized by his election as a Fellow of The Royal Society.
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Gálosi-Kovács, Bernadett, i György Orsós. "A karsztoktól a környezetgazdálkodásig. Beszélgetés Fodor Istvánnal". Modern Geográfia 17, nr 1 (17.01.2022): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/mg.2022.17.01.03.
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István Fodor was born in Szeged in 1938, graduated from the University of Debrecen in 1961 with a degree in History and Geography. Since 1966 he has been a staff member of the Transdanubian Institute of Science of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS). The Institute had a decisive importance in his professional career. He became a Candidate of Geography in 1976 and a Doctor of the HAS in 2002. He was involved in higher education for most of his career. He was the Associate Professor and then Head of the Department of Environmental Geography and Meteorology at the Faculty of Sciences at Janus Pannonius University. In 1996, he was appointed a university professor. He was President of the Hungarian Karst and Cave Research Society, headed several committees of the Academic Committee of the HAS in Pécs. He was a member of the Board of the International Union of Speleology, just like the Board of the International Speleoterapic Committee. This semi-structured interview was conducted at his home in October 2021. The aim of the article is to present the most important stages of the professor’s career, his personal relationship with geography and the factors that shaped his professional development.
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Lu, Jianhua. "From General Circulation to Global Change: The Evolution, Achievements, and Influences of Duzheng Ye’s Scientific Research". Atmosphere 14, nr 8 (26.07.2023): 1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14081202.
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Duzheng Ye (Tu-cheng Yeh) was an active member of Rossby’s Chicago School, one of the founders of modern meteorology in China since the 1950s, and a pioneer of global change science in China and over the world. His achievements have been central to the development of atmospheric and climate dynamics and global change studies in China, and many of them remain to be fundamental in the context of global climate change. In this review, his lifelong research career is divided into five periods: (1) the preparatory period (1935–1944); (2) the Chicago period (1945–1950); (3) the period of breaking ground (1950–1966); (4) the period of transition (1972–1983); and (5) the period of global change (1984–2013). The evolution of Yeh’s main achievements is described in the context of the historical background of both China and the world. These well-known achievements included the theory of energy dispersion in the atmosphere, the general circulation of the atmosphere (GCA) over East Asia and the globe, Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau meteorology, the scale-dependence theory of geostrophic adaptation (adjustment), and his pioneering ideas on global change. Special emphases are put on some of Yeh’s investigations that were well ahead of his time, such as his investigations on trade inversion, the GCA as an internally consistent whole, abrupt seasonal changes in the GCA, the physical mechanism of atmospheric blocking, and orderly human activities.
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Lodes, Emma B. "Glaciers are for girls: the inaugural expedition of Girls on Ice Austria succeeded in empowering nine young women in August 2021". Polarforschung 90, nr 1 (5.05.2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/polf-90-1-2022.
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Abstract. Girls on Ice Austria, an organization that encourages young women to stretch themselves through wilderness and glacier travel, camping, science and art, successfully completed their inaugural expedition in August 2021. Nine girls from Austria, Germany and Italy joined science instructors specializing in glaciology and meteorology, two professional artists (an actress and a painter), and a professional mountain guide for an all-female, week-long expedition to Bachfallferner glacier in the Ötztal. The team learned basic mountaineering and climbing skills, conducted scientific experiments including measuring the daily melt rate of Bachfallferner glacier, and pushed their creative boundaries. The all-female nature of Girls on Ice, and Inspiring Girls Expeditions (the umbrella organization) is meant to show young girls that women are capable of successfully filling traditionally male roles (such as in glaciology and mountaineering), to introduce the next generation of girls to the world of mountains and glaciers, and to encourage them to bravely and confidently pursue these career paths.
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Lewis, John M. "A Forecaster’s Story: Robert H. Johns". E-Journal of Severe Storms Meteorology 2, nr 7 (28.09.2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55599/ejssm.v2i7.12.
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The stages in the life of a severe storms forecaster, Robert H. Johns, are reconstructed from information in a series of interviews. The traditional interview format, question-and-answer mode, has been converted to a first-person narrative that leads to a more-continuous train of thought.
The storyline begins by describing Johns’ entrainment into meteorology as a youngster. By virtue of his contact and conversations with farmers in rural Indiana, he became interested in weather’s impact on the farmers and their crop yields. Early stimulation also came from a challenging weather project in the 6th grade and reading of George Stewart’s novel Storm. From these experiences, Bob Johns decided to pursue a science career in service to society. This service took the form of work as a weather forecaster for the United States Weather Bureau (USWB)/National Weather Service (NWS).
The arduous path to severe storms forecaster is traced by highlighting his youthful experiences, his academic training, and the stepwise progression from student trainee to lead forecaster at the Severe Local Storms (SELS) unit of the USWB/NWS.
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Garratt, J. R., E. K. Webb i S. McCarthy. "Charles Henry Brian Priestley. 8 July 1915 — 18 May 1998". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 57 (styczeń 2011): 349–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2011.0015.
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Charles Henry Brian Priestley was born and educated in England. After completing the Mathematical Tripos at the University of Cambridge, he joined the Meteorological Office in 1939. For the next seven years he was engaged mostly in wartime work, including a two-year spell in Canada (1941–43) and three years with the Meteorological Office upper-air unit at Dunstable, UK (1943–46). In 1946, aged 31 years, he took up an Australian appointment with the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (later to become the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)) to establish and develop a group to undertake research in meteorological physics. Thereafter he was based in Melbourne, Australia, with his career in the CSIRO extending to 1977. Priestley’s own early research focused on large-scale atmospheric systems, including substantial work on global-scale transport, and later on small-scale atmospheric convection and heat transfer, in which he established some significant results. He had a leading role in the development of the atmospheric sciences in Australia, and was strongly involved in international meteorology.
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LaDue, Daphne S., i Ariel E. Cohen. "Facilitating the Self-Directed Learning Efforts of Professional Meteorologists". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99, nr 12 (grudzień 2018): 2519–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0324.1.
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AbstractProfessional meteorologists gain a great deal of knowledge through formal education, but two factors require ongoing learning throughout a career: professionals must apply their learning to the specific subdiscipline they practice, and the knowledge and technology they rely on becomes outdated over time. It is thus inherent in professional practice that much of the learning is more or less self-directed. While these principles apply to any aspect of meteorology, this paper applies concepts to weather and climate forecasting, for which a range of resources, from many to few, for learning exist. No matter what the subdiscipline, the responsibility for identifying and pursuing opportunities for professional, lifelong learning falls to the members of the subdiscipline. Thus, it is critical that meteorologists periodically assess their ongoing learning needs and develop the ability to reflectively practice. The construct of self-directed learning and how it has been implemented in similar professions provide visions for how individual meteorologists can pursue—and how the profession can facilitate—the ongoing, self-directed learning efforts of meteorologists.
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Garratt, J. R., E. K. Webb i S. McCarthy. "Charles Henry Brian Priestley 1915 - 1998". Historical Records of Australian Science 22, nr 1 (2011): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr11001.
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Charles Henry Brian Priestley (known as Bill) was born and educated in England. After completing the Mathematical Tripos at the University of Cambridge, he joined the Meteorological Office in 1939. In 1946, aged 31 years, he took up an Australian appointment with the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR, later to become CSIRO) to establish and develop a group to undertake research in meteorological physics. Thereafter he was based in Melbourne, Australia. The group earned world recognition, particularly for its investigations of turbulent transfer in the lower atmosphere, and evolved to become the CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Research. Priestley's own early research focused on large-scale atmospheric systems, including substantial work on global-scale transport, and later on small-scale atmospheric convection and heat transfer, in which he established some significant results. He had a leading role in the development of the atmospheric sciences in Australia, and was strongly involved in international meteorology. His career with CSIRO extended to 1977, and he finally retired from all professional commitments in the mid-1980s. After several years of declining health, he died on 18 May 1998, seven weeks before he turned 83.
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Schultz, David M. "Perspectives on Fred Sanders' Research on Cold Fronts". Meteorological Monographs 55 (1.11.2008): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/0065-9401-33.55.109.
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Abstract One characteristic of Fred Sanders' research is his ability to take a topic that is believed to be well understood by the research community and show that interesting research problems still exist. Among Sanders' considerable contributions to synoptic meteorology, those concerned with surface cold fronts have been especially influential. After a brief historical review of fronts and frontal analysis, this chapter presents three stages in Sanders' career when he performed research on the structure, dynamics, and analysis of surface cold fronts. First, his 1955 paper, "An investigation of the structure and dynamics of an intense surface frontal zone," was the first study to discuss quantitatively the dynamics of a surface cold front. In the 1960s, Sanders and his students further examined the structure of cold fronts, resulting in the unpublished 1967 report to the National Science Foundation, "Frontal structure and the dynamics of frontogenesis." For a third lime in his career, Sanders published several papers (1995–2005) revisiting the structure and dynamics of cold fronts. His 1967 and 1995–2005 work raises the question of the origin and dynamics of the surface pressure trough and/or wind shift that sometimes precedes the temperature gradient (hereafter called a prefrontal trough or prefrontal wind shift, respectively). Sanders showed that the relationship between this prefrontal feature and the temperature gradient is fundamental to the strength of the front. When the wind shift is coincident with the temperature gradient, frontogenesis (strengthening of the front) results; when the wind shift lies ahead of the temperature gradient, frontolysis (weakening of the front) results. a number of proposed mechanisms for the formation of prefrontal troughs and prefrontal wind shifts exist. Consequently, much research remains to be performed on these topics.
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Unsworth, Michael H. "John Lennox Monteith. 3 September 1929 — 20 July 2012". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 60 (styczeń 2014): 299–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2014.0005.
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John Monteith fundamentally changed the way in which physical and biological scientists explore the interactions between living organisms and their environments. Trained in physics and meteorology, he pioneered innovative ways of measuring and analysing exchanges of heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide between leaves, crops, animals and the atmosphere. Building on the work of Howard Penman, with whom he worked for almost two decades, he developed the Penman–Monteith equation that is widely used in planning irrigation and water resource development. Subsequently, as the first Professor of Environmental Physics at the University of Nottingham, he brought together multidisciplinary groups to study the growth of temperate and tropical crops and the heat balance of animals. His Environmental Physics group trained graduates and postdoctoral scientists who have joined research establishments and universities worldwide. The final phase of his long career was spent at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, where he directed teams applying his experimental methods and analyses to benefit crop production in developing countries—a topic that epitomized his desire to have his science make an impact for the good of mankind. In addition to his exceptional ability in research and teaching, John Monteith was an outstanding communicator and leader who made substantial contributions to many national and international organizations.
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Hanrahan, Janel, i Jason Shafer. "Improving Climate Change Literacy and Promoting Outreach in an Undergraduate Atmospheric Sciences Program". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, nr 7 (lipiec 2019): 1209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0332.1.
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AbstractMitigation of human-caused climate change is essential to lessen the extent of future negative impacts, but many people are not aware of the urgency of the situation. For meaningful climate change action to be realized, accurate information must be conveyed by experts to nonexperts. Improved climate change literacy may thus be achieved in two ways. First, we must increase the number of scientists who are knowledgeable about climate change, and second, we must encourage these experts to engage with nonexperts and provide them with adequate resources to do so. Such efforts are currently being implemented in the undergraduate Atmospheric Sciences/Meteorology program (ATM) at Northern Vermont University–Lyndon. To increase knowledge, all ATM students regardless of career pathway are required to take courses that cover the science of human-caused climate change. They are then encouraged to communicate this knowledge to the public. Students are creating informational content for a department-run website and are regularly given opportunities to engage with the public at local schools and events. The results of these curricular and extracurricular changes are promising. Student interest in the topic of climate change has increased and they have demonstrated a heighted sense of responsibility to engage with the public about this challenging topic.
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Read, P. L. "Raymond Hide. 17 May 1929—6 September 2016". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 67 (21.08.2019): 191–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2019.0016.
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Raymond Hide was a physicist who worked at the interfaces between fundamental hydrodynamics, magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), the geophysics of the Earth's interior, atmosphere and oceans and those of other planets. He received his PhD from the University of Cambridge, and spent the majority of his career at the Met Office and then the University of Oxford. In laboratory studies of sloping thermal convection carried out at Cambridge in the early 1950s he discovered various regimes of vacillation and other multiply-periodic intransitive flows as well as aperiodic flows, now recognized as a form of geostrophic turbulence. These findings influenced seminal mathematical studies of what came to be known as deterministic chaos, and provided a paradigm for interpreting large-scale flows in the atmospheres of the Earth and other planets. Related contributions include general theoretical results tested by crucial laboratory experiments on boundary layers, Taylor columns and detached shear layers. His contributions to MHD include the concepts of potential magnetic field and magnetic superhelicity. He also initiated research on the dynamo origin of the magnetic fields of Jupiter and other major planets and its implications for their internal structure and dynamics. His extensive research on fluctuations of the Earth's rotation led to new developments in areas as diverse as meteorology and climatology and studies of the structure and dynamics of the Earth's deep interior.
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Henderson, Gabriel. "Weather in the Courtroom: Memoirs from a Career in Forensic MeteorologyWeather in the Courtroom: Memoirs from a Career in Forensic Meteorology, William H. Haggard, American Meteorological Society, 2016, 201 p, $30.00, ISBN 978-1-940033-95-2". Physics Today 70, nr 10 (październik 2017): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/pt.3.3731.
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Maasch, K. A., R. J. Oglesby i A. Fournier. "Barry Saltzman and the Theory of Climate". Journal of Climate 18, nr 13 (1.07.2005): 2141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3383.1.
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Abstract Barry Saltzman was a giant in the fields of meteorology and climate science. A leading figure in the study of weather and climate for over 40 yr, he has frequently been referred to as the “father of modern climate theory.” Ahead of his time in many ways, Saltzman made significant contributions to our understanding of the general circulation and spectral energetics budget of the atmosphere, as well as climate change across a wide spectrum of time scales. In his endeavor to develop a unified theory of how the climate system works, he played a role in the development of energy balance models, statistical dynamical models, and paleoclimate dynamical models. He was a pioneer in developing meteorologically motivated dynamical systems, including the progenitor of Lorenz’s famous chaos model. In applying his own dynamical-systems approach to long-term climate change, he recognized the potential for using atmospheric general circulation models in a complimentary way. In 1998, he was awarded the Carl-Gustaf Rossby medal, the highest honor of the American Meteorological Society “for his life-long contributions to the study of the global circulation and the evolution of the earth’s climate.” In this paper, the authors summarize and place into perspective some of the most significant contributions that Barry Saltzman made during his long and distinguished career. This short review also serves as an introduction to the papers in this special issue of the Journal of Climate dedicated to Barry’s memory.
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Croft, Paul J., i Mark S. Binkley. "Meteorology's Educational Dilemma". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 78, nr 6 (1.06.1997): 1159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477-78.6.1159.
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Meteorology has seen unparalleled growth and change during the past 50 years. Rapid advances in theory, applications, and technology have demanded constant revision and updating of basic meteorology course material. This continued growth and expansion of basic knowledge and applications requires that older materials be replaced with new, that depth be replaced by breadth, or that fundamental pedagogical changes be made in instruction and curricular content. These choices are symptomatic of meteorology's current and future educational dilemma: How do we adequately prepare future meteorologists for their careers as the wealth of meteorological information, theory, and applications change? Answering this question requires a brief consideration of the history and effectiveness of undergraduate meteorological education. Perhaps more importantly, it points to the need for a consensus within the field as to what constitutes appropriate undergraduate meteorological preparation. Only then may possible solutions be outlined and their merits, cost-effectiveness, and efficacy reviewed. Based on this assessment, a plan of action can be developed to ensure the field's growth and its ability to produce viable meteorologists. Seven options are outlined in this paper as possible solutions to the dilemma. Of these, we believe that a revision of the pedagogy of meteorology with regard to curriculum requirements, course content, certification, and methods of instruction may be the most appropriate.
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Garriga, Xavier Mas. "Meteorología y dolor articular: ¿relación probada?" FMC - Formación Médica Continuada en Atención Primaria 16, nr 9 (listopad 2009): 598–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1134-2072(09)72738-0.
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Hilliker, Joby, i Shannon Hilliker. "Research Project-Based Learning in Meteorology Using an Online Severe Weather Events Archive". Journal of College Science Teaching 52, nr 6 (lipiec 2023): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0047231x.2023.12315867.
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Sasake, Set, Yopi Andry Lesnussa i Abraham Zakaria Wattimena. "Peramalan Cuaca Menggunakan Metode Rantai Markov (Studi Kasus : Cuaca Harian Di Kota Ambon)". Jurnal Matematika 11, nr 1 (13.06.2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmat.2021.v11.i01.p131.
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Weather is a state of the air at certain times in certain areas that are relatively narrow and in a short period of time. Weather forecasting is an activity carried out to produce a collection of information about upcoming weather conditions. One method used to predict these conditions is by using the Markov chain method. The Markov chain is a random process in which all information about the future is contained in the present state. The purpose of this study is to model and predict daily weather that will occur over the next week with the Markov Chain model. The data used in this study are Ambon City daily weather data from December 1, 2019, to January 31, 2020, by the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), Ambon City Meteorological Station. Daily weather forecasting results that occur are quite varied but the most dominant weather occurs during the next week that is Cloudy and Light Rain.
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Mann, Marianne, Kaushik Patel, Jane Z. Reardon, Mel Goldstein, Thomas J. Godar i Richard L. ZuWallack. "The Influence of Spring and Summer New England Meteorologic Conditions on the Respiratory Status of Patients With Chronic Lung Disease". Chest 103, nr 5 (maj 1993): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.103.5.1369.
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Rosen, Zoey. "Identity and Career: An Analysis of Emerging Meteorologists’ Narratives". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 7.12.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-22-0152.1.
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Abstract The narratives of emerging adults, such as university students, can reveal aspects of their professional and academic identities that explain their career paths. While narrative has been studied as a tool in the meteorological classroom, narrative has not been used to study why students choose to become meteorologists. This study aims to identify the narrative features about what draws students to pursue meteorology as a career, and reflect upon how the telling of these narratives can help career counselors and other stakeholders, like universities, to understand this discipline of students. This study is a qualitative textual analysis of N = 34 video clips of meteorology students from around the United States submitted for the 2020 AMS Student Conference welcome video, #MyFieldMyStory campaign. The findings show that formative experiences like early childhood memories, mediated experiences with the weather, and family interactions were major life themes in the students’ stories. Other reasons students chose this career path were concerns over local climatic effects, a desire to control their course of study, curiosity stemming from internships and research opportunities, confidence from their personal math/science propensity in school, and a commitment to do work that can mitigate the effects of severe weather or inform people of impending threats. The students’ narratives also showed optimism around future jobs and graduate school, as well as an exploration of their identity through finding their passion in this career path. This study is an interesting initial delve into narratively analyzing stories from emerging meteorologists.
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Gutman, Garik, Roger Pielke, Richard Anthes, Pinhas Alpert, Alexander Baklanov, Svante Bodin, Alexander Khain i Simon Krichak. "Lev Gutman – A Pioneer in Theoretical Mesoscale Meteorology". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 16.07.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-24-0069.1.
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Abstract On March 5, 2023, Professor Lev Gutman would have been 100 years old. This article describes Professor Gutman’s legacy in the field of dynamic mesoscale meteorology and numerical weather prediction. Gutman developed his career as a mathematician and meteorologist in the Soviet Union, where he built a school of specialists in mesoscale meteorology during the 1950s through the 1970s. He primarily worked on analytical methods to solve complex nonlinear problems, such as the structure of sea breezes, mountain-valley circulations, and thermal convection over heated terrain. Gutman pioneered the development of theories of cumulus clouds, tornados, and other atmospheric phenomena. In the 1960s, he carried out numerous research investigations on these topics with his doctoral students and collaborators at High-Altitude Geophysical Institute in Nalchik in the northern Caucasus and later at the Siberian scientific center near Novosibirsk. Gutman compiled the results from these studies into a monograph titled “Introduction to the Nonlinear Theory of Mesoscale Meteorological Processes”, which was published in Russian in 1969, and later translated into English, Chinese, and Japanese. This monograph became a major textbook for specialists in mesoscale meteorology, remaining relevant to this day. After Prof. Gutman immigrated to Israel in 1978, his collaborations expanded to include Israeli and western scientists from Europe and the United States. Gutman did not receive the recognition he deserved due to the political realities of the time. His book and his seminal analytical solutions should still be useful for early career scientists in mesoscale meteorology and atmospheric dynamics.
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Martin, Craig. "Girolamo Cardano’s Meteorological Predictions: Hippocratism, Weather Signs, Winds, and the Limits of Astrology". Perspectives on Science, 15.07.2022, 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/posc_a_00562.
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Abstract The subject of meteorology was central to Girolamo Cardano’s thought. It held together his encyclopedism by tying the celestial realm to the sublunary world and human action. Meteorology, for Cardano, links abstract knowledge to the practical and operative. While many of his Aristotelian predecessors understood weather prediction as distinct from meteorology as a natural philosophical field, Cardano’s profound interest in conjectural arts and probabilistic reasoning led him to tie causal explanations to methods of forecasting future conditions of the air and their effects on humans, especially regarding health and disease. While it might be expected that Cardano would have emphasized astrological tools for weather forecasting, instead he went in a different direction, namely, embracing the ancient tradition of weather signs and revising Aristotelian theories of winds. At the end of his career, which he mostly spent writing commentaries on Hippocratic writings, he integrated his understanding of weather signs with Hippocratic rules of prognosis, revising traditional understandings of the causes of winds.
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Sultan Ahmed Alamri, Hassan Abdulqadir Taibah. "The Impact of Leadership Traits in Developing Organizational Citizenship Behavior - A Practical Study on The Staff of The General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection in Jeddah Province-: أثر السمات القيادية في تنمية سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية: – دراسة ميدانية على موظفي الهيئة العامة للأرصاد وحماية البيئة بمحافظة جدة –". مجلة العلوم الإقتصادية و الإدارية و القانونية 5, nr 3 (28.02.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.c110720.
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This study came with several objectives, most notably to discuss the impact of leadership features in the development of organizational citizenship behavior, from the point of view of employees in The General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection in Jeddah Province. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher followed the descriptive analytical method, to conduct this study, in addition to using the questionnaire as a main tool to collect data from the study sample individuals. The study population consisted of 800 employees in The General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection in Jeddah Province. A simple random sample of 260 employees from The General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection in Jeddah Province. The study reached several important results, the most important of which were: There is a statistically significant effect at the level (α ≤ 0.05) of the traits (social- behavioral- personal- professional) of the leader individually, on developing organizational citizenship behavior in its various dimensions (Altruism, graces and sweetness, living conscience) of staff of the General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection in Jeddah Province, Where the coefficient of multiple correlation between the axis of leadership Traits in its different dimensions, and the axis of organizational citizenship behavior in its various dimensions 0.718. In light of the results of the study, the study reached several recommendations as follows: Increased interest in studying the results of the impact of leadership traits in developing organizational citizenship behavior In its various dimensions of staff of the General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection in Jeddah Province, and evaluated in order to allow the field to improve the career work within the authority, and these are a positive effect in reducing the rates of occupational leakage.
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Frank, Mark E. "National climate: Zhu Kezhen and the framing of the atmosphere in modern China". History of Science, 29.03.2023, 007327532311574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00732753231157453.
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Can climate be Chinese, and if so, then how? Drawing on personal writings, popular discourse, and scientific reports, this essay considers the work of early Chinese meteorologists in relation to the revolutionary national politics of the early twentieth century. Historians of China have established that nationalism motivated the pursuit of meteorology and other natural sciences, but I advance the more radical position that there was no clear distinction between the practice of climate science and the political ideology that motivated it. With special attention to the career and legacy of Zhu Kezhen from the Xinhai Revolution through World War II, I test this thesis in two arenas: Chinese meteorologists’ production of spatial knowledge, and their production of cultural knowledge. The nation was integral to the questions, methods, and analyses of atmospheric science, which helped to reify the Chinese nation-state.
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"Evaluation of Environmental Studies using COPRAS Method". 3 2, nr 3 (27.09.2023): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/jacp/2/3/5.
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This broad area of research encompasses both the built environment and the natural environment, as well as their interactions. Environmental studies look at how people and the environment interact. Environmental studies examine transdisciplinary environmental concerns from a social, legal, managerial, and scientific perspective. Environmental issues, management, and policy are among the subjects examined in environmental studies. There is a need for strategies to lessen negative effects and encourage more sustainable activities due to the impact that humans have on their physical environment. To better comprehend the causes of environmental issues, students investigate the links between science and sociology. Ecology comes in various forms, including those related to biology, sustainability, oceanography, and marine biology. A career in environmental research can be extremely rewarding. You'll not only be employed in a sector that positively impacts the entire globe, but you'll also have the opportunity to make a good living. But you need the right education to enjoy this wonderful career. Environmental studies teach us how important our environment is, as well as how to manage natural resources more wisely and live sustainably. Understanding how organisms behave in their natural environments and how they interact with one another in populations and communities is beneficial. Although the terms "ecology" and "environmental science" are frequently used interchangeably in everyday speech, technically, ecology only refers to the study of organisms and their interactions with one another and with their surroundings. Critical environmental resource preservation and protection, as well as the preservation of priceless natural and human-made heritage, are vital for the wellbeing of society and the provision of livelihoods. COPRAS (Complex Proportional Evaluation is proposed to evaluate the possible maintenance strategy. Linguistic terms are used to evaluate the ratings and weights. The rankings of the alternatives are COPRAS Global NWP, High-resolution NWP, Hydrology, Agricultural Meteorology, Climate TOPC is Alternative and Uncertainly goal, uncertainly threshold, Spatial resolution goal, Spatial resolution threshold is evaluation. Global NWP, High-resolution NWP, Hydrology, Agricultural Meteorology, Climate TOPC. Uncertainly goal, Uncertainly threshold, Spatial resolution goal, Spatial resolution threshold. Climate-TOPC gets the first rank whereas Global NWP has the Lowest rank.
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Fishman, Jack, John W. Birks, Thomas E. Graedel, Will Steffen, John P. Burrows, Carleton J. Howard i Richard P. Wayne. "A Tribute to Paul Crutzen (1933-2021): The Pioneering Atmospheric Chemist Who Provided New Insight into the Concept of Climate Change". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 10.10.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-21-0311.1.
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Abstract Paul Crutzen received his doctorate in meteorology from the University of Stockholm in 1968 and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995. In addition to chemistry and atmospheric science, however, the breadth of his accomplishments has also been recognized by biologists, Earth-System scientists, and geologists. This tribute provides some insight into Crutzen’s career and how it contributed to so many scientific disciplines. In addition, we offer a roadmap showing how these diverse contributions were woven together over the course of more than five decades of research. The citation for the 1995 Nobel Prize reads that it was given for, “…work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone.” The inclusion of the wording “formation … of ozone” applies only to him among the three laureates (Crutzen, Mario Molina and F. Sherwood Rowland). His research on tropospheric chemistry led to seminal studies of tropical biomass burning, which eventually evolved into the concept, later known as “nuclear winter,” a topic in the forefront of far-ranging popular discussions in the 1980s. Lastly, Crutzen’s proposal for the emergence of the “Anthropocene” as a new geological epoch that would terminate the 11,700-year-old Holocene is considered by the Earth-System science community to be the most pronounced trademark of his remarkable career. Crutzen also received American Meteorological Society’s Battan Award for his co-authorship of Atmosphere, Climate, and Change, recognized by the organization as the best book for general audiences. In the later years of his career, as a member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Crutzen was a key player in the formulation of Laudato Si’, Pope Francis’ encyclical on climate change, which was released in advance of the Conference of Parties (COP 21) meeting that announced the formulation of the Paris Climate Accords in 2015.
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"LETTER FROM HEADQUARTERS, ON-AIR METEOROLOGY, MEET THE AMS, EARLY-CAREER HIGHLIGHTS, ABOUT OUR MEMBERS, AMS ABROAD, OBITUARIES, LIVING ON THE REAL WORLD, STUDENT AWARDS". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 97, nr 9 (1.09.2016): 1711–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams_979_1711-1722_45beacon.
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Ruppert, James H., Steven E. Koch, Xingchao Chen, Yu Du, Anton Seimon, Y. Qiang Sun, Junhong Wei i Lance F. Bosart. "Mesoscale Gravity Waves and Midlatitude Weather: A tribute to Fuqing Zhang". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 10.08.2021, 1–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-20-0005.1.
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AbstractOver the course of his career, Fuqing Zhang drew vital new insights into the dynamics of meteorologically significant mesoscale gravity waves (MGWs), including their generation by unbalanced jet streaks, their interaction with fronts and organized precipitation, and their importance in midlatitude weather and predictability. Zhang was the first to deeply examine “spontaneous balance adjustment” – the process by which MGWs are continuously emitted as baroclinic growth drives the upper-level flow out of balance. Through his pioneering numerical model investigation of the large-amplitude MGW event of 4 January 1994, he additionally demonstrated the critical role of MGW–moist convection interaction in wave amplification.Zhang’s curiosity-turned-passion in atmospheric science covered a vast range of topics and led to the birth of new branches of research in mesoscale meteorology and numerical weather prediction. Yet, it was his earliest studies into midlatitude MGWs and their significant impacts on hazardous weather that first inspired him. Such MGWs serve as the focus of this review, wherein we seek to pay tribute to his groundbreaking contributions, review our current understanding, and highlight critical open science issues. Chief among such issues is the nature of MGW amplification through feedback with moist convection, which continues to elude our understanding. The pressing nature of this subject is underscored by the continued failure of operational numerical forecast models to adequately predict most large-amplitude MGW events. Further research into such issues therefore presents a valuable opportunity to improve the understanding and forecasting of this high-impact weather phenomenon, and in turn to preserve the spirit of Zhang’s dedication to this subject.
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Zhu, Tong, Mingjin Tang, Meng Gao, Xinhui Bi, Junji Cao, Huizheng Che, Jianmin Chen i in. "Recent Progress in Atmospheric Chemistry Research in China: Establishing a Theoretical Framework for the “Air Pollution Complex”". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 28.04.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-023-2379-0.
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AbstractAtmospheric chemistry research has been growing rapidly in China in the last 25 years since the concept of the “air pollution complex” was first proposed by Professor Xiaoyan TANG in 1997. For papers published in 2021 on air pollution (only papers included in the Web of Science Core Collection database were considered), more than 24 000 papers were authored or co-authored by scientists working in China. In this paper, we review a limited number of representative and significant studies on atmospheric chemistry in China in the last few years, including studies on (1) sources and emission inventories, (2) atmospheric chemical processes, (3) interactions of air pollution with meteorology, weather and climate, (4) interactions between the biosphere and atmosphere, and (5) data assimilation. The intention was not to provide a complete review of all progress made in the last few years, but rather to serve as a starting point for learning more about atmospheric chemistry research in China. The advances reviewed in this paper have enabled a theoretical framework for the air pollution complex to be established, provided robust scientific support to highly successful air pollution control policies in China, and created great opportunities in education, training, and career development for many graduate students and young scientists. This paper further highlights that developing and low-income countries that are heavily affected by air pollution can benefit from these research advances, whilst at the same time acknowledging that many challenges and opportunities still remain in atmospheric chemistry research in China, to hopefully be addressed over the next few decades.
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Rovenchak, Andrij, i Olha Rovenchak. "Juda Kreisler (1904–1940s?): A Bio-Bibliographical Sketch of a Lviv Physicist and a Popularizer of Science". Studia Historiae Scientiarum 21 (26.08.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543702xshs.22.011.15977.
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We present a detailed biographical account and analysis of works of Juda Kreisler (1904–1940s?), a theoretical physicist from Lviv. He was born in Tlumach (Ukrainian: Тлумач, Polish: Tłumacz, Yiddish: טאלמיטש ), nowadays a town in Ivano-Frankivsk oblast in the western part of Ukraine. In 1923, Juda Kreisler finished a gymnasium in Stanislaviv and entered the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Lviv (Wydział Filozoficzny Uniwersytetu Jana Kazimierza [UJK] we Lwowie) in order to study physics. In 1932, he was promoted to the doctoral degree in physics under the supervision of Professor Stanisław Loria. For a short period in the 1930s, Juda Kreisler worked at the Department for Theoretical Physics of the University of Lviv, and returned to the University in 1940, after the Soviets had reorganized it upon taking over Lviv in September 1939. His fate remains unknown: he is listed among murdered by Nazis Jewish employees of the University of Lviv in 1941–43. Dr. Kreisler authored four scientific papers and four abstracts of conference presentations delivered at the Congresses of Polish Physicists in 1932–36. There is, however, another field, where he was extremely prolific in the late 1930s. We have discovered 122 of his popular articles in “Chwila” (English: “Moment”), a local daily newspaper published by the Jewish community in Lviv during 1919–39. These articles covered various subjects, that can be tentatively divided into the following major topics: chronicles and personalia; history of science; discoveries, new studies and inventions; the applied value of science (for medicine and economy in particular); interconnection between science and war; organization of scientific life; Hitler’s Germany and the problem of so-called ‘Aryan science’. While various branches of physics formed the largest part within disciplines reflected in Juda Kreisler’s articles, he also discussed biology, chemistry, meteorology, and geology. The latter field is closely related to his professional career at Lviv’s Geophysical Institute of “Pionier”, a joint-stock company for the exploration and exploitation of bituminous materials, where he spent nine months in 1936.
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Sheng, Jinyu. "Editorial". Satellite Oceanography and Meteorology 2, nr 1 (20.04.2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/som.2017.01.007.
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The journal of Satellite Oceanography and Meteorology (SOM) was launched in 2016 for inspiring and disseminating research papers on theory, science, technology and applications of satellite remote sensing data of the ocean, atmosphere and climate. We welcome research papers in areas of (a) original research results from satellite observations of the regional and global ocean and atmosphere, (b) calibration/validation and research related to future satellite missions, and (c) new satellite-derived products and climate records constructed from satellite observations. We also welcome high-quality research papers in broad research areas including but not limiting to (i) oceanography and marine science; (ii) meteorology and atmospheric science; (iii) air-sea, physical-biological and physical-chemical interactions, and (iv) studies of the Earth’s climate system.
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Gustin, Mae Sexauer, Sarrah M. Dunham-Cheatham, Nicole Choma, Kevin T. Shoemaker i Natalie Allen. "Determining sources of reactive mercury compounds in Reno, Nevada, United States". Frontiers in Environmental Chemistry 4 (13.06.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenvc.2023.1202957.
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There is much uncertainty regarding the sources of reactive mercury (RM) compounds and atmospheric chemistry driving their formation. This work focused on assessing the chemistry and potential sources of reactive mercury measured in Reno, Nevada, United States, using 1 year of data collected using Reactive Mercury Active System. In addition, ancillary meteorology and criteria air pollutant data, Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) analyses, and a generalized linear model were applied to better understand reactive mercury observations. During the year of sampling, a fire event impacted the sampling site, and gaseous elemental Hg and particulate-bound mercury concentrations increased, as did HgII-S compounds. Data collected on a peak above Reno showed that reactive mercury concentrations were higher at higher elevation, and compounds found in Reno were the same as those measured on the peak. HYSPLIT results demonstrated RM compounds were generated inside and outside of the basin housing Reno. Compounds were sourced from San Francisco, Sacramento, and Reno in the fall and winter, and from long-range transport and the marine boundary layer during the spring and summer. The generalized linear model produced correlations that could be explained; however, when applying the model to similar data collected at two other locations, the Reno model did not predict the observations, suggesting that sampling location chemistry and concentration cannot be generalized.