Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „CAR BUYING BEHAVIOUR”

South African companies are said to be mining the so-called "Black Diamond", the emerging middle-class segment that is driving economic growth within the country (Mahajan, 2009:9). The focus on the emerging Middle Class in South Africa (SA) has left a knowledge gap on Low-Income consumers - even though they are still the largest consumer group in SA (Connecting with Survivors, 2014). The Unilever "Connecting with Survivors Report" (2014) highlights the fact that 70% of the SA Market earn less than R6000 per month, while together they have a spending power of R300 Billion per annum. According to Martin (2012:71), 5.8% of Low-Income Consumer Households (HH) spending is prioritised for the purchase of personal care products, while 64.2% of their HH income is prioritised for food and housing expenses. Given the trivial proportion allocated to personal care products, this research has been guided by the problem statement that Low-Income consumers are forced to make trade-offs, when purchasing personal care products, which fall outside their realm of affordability. The primary objective of this study was to investigate Low-Income consumers' buying behaviour in the Personal Care Industry in South Africa. The Theory of Buyer Behaviour was used as a theoretical framework to assist in the understanding of Low-Income consumer behaviour in the Personal Care industry. The phenomenological research paradigm was used in this study, utilising interviews to collect the data from respondents in the Western Cape Province. Inductive reasoning was practised to draw a conclusion on the investigation of Low-Income consumer buying behaviour in the personal care industry in South Africa. The findings from the study indicate that Low-Income consumers do indeed make trade-offs when personal care products fall outside their realm of affordability. The extent to which they do so varies, based on necessity. This research stands to contribute to the body of knowledge by narrowing the knowledge gap on the Low-Income Consumer market in South Africa with the focus on the Personal Care Industry, thereby allowing marketers to develop and implement effective marketing strategies.

Title Effects of Demographic Characteristics on Consumer’s Choice of Buying Green Products: An Empirical Study of Swedish Electricity Market. Purpose Purpose of the research to study the consumer behaviour of the Swedish audiences based on  different demographic characteristics i.e. age, gender, income status, educational level and area of residence. The information will be useful to know that how different target groups based on different demographic attributes, perceive and respond the green electricity programmes, which will helpful to study the consumer behaviour and marketing of green electricity in Sweden. Methodology This research is mainly based on quantitative research, method which deals with use of statistical tools and numbers. A part of this research is also based on qualitative research which emphases on in depth analysis of information and finding a conclusion from the information gathered. The data have collected through using both primary and secondary sources. This research is mainly based on quantitative pattern; hence the data have collected using primary sources; the questioners. The questionnaires were distribute among the people of different age groups, income status, number of persons living in a household, residential status and income status. The aim of this survey was to target the audiences from whole Sweden, but due to limited time the data has collected only from the inhabitants of Eskilstuna, Västerås, Kvicksund, Södetalje, Köping, Arboga and Stockholm.   Analysis and findings For finding and analysis we have adopted a conceptual model to study the impacts of demographic characteristics on consumers’ choice of green electricity. This model leads to analysis according to findings from questionnaire and literature. Conclusion After careful compilation and analysing the results of our findings and with reference to the research topic of this thesis we have come to a conclusion that demographic characteristics (gender, age, income, education and area of residence) of Swedish consumers can influence their decision making to purchase green electricity.

The aim of this research is the analysis of socio-economic factors that wouldinfluence consumer buying process of electric vehicles in Iceland. The purpose of the researchis to detect the most crucial factors influencing Icelanders decisions for and againstpurchasing an electric vehicle, instead of car with internal combustion engine. This researchverified people‟s opinions and can bring companies closer to real mindsets of Icelandicpotential buyers. Moreover, this paper might give a possibility to eliminate wrong thinkingand barriers by better adjusted marketing. Additionally, analyzed advantages might showwhat the main reason of shifting to this alternative technology is. Moreover, it shows whatmight be the customer acceptance price range.

“I changed my mind” is a case study aimed at investigating returns. Returns are often negative occurrences and can be seen as the last “block” in a supply chain. However, what this study shows is that a return is a great source for customer profiling and can lead to an increase in market shares if managed correctly. Many companies go about investigating satisfied customers and what aspects these customers are satisfied with. Instead this research focuses on finding out what dissatisfied customer feel and why they decided to return a specific product. Investigations are also made concerning the internal processes to manage product returns and if they can be improved at the case company (thereby lowering costs).

This study shows how interrelated the supply chain is and illustrates how product returns can be lowered by changing the input in the supply chain. Reputation is a fragile thing and can be hurt from mismanagement related to returns and therefore I feel that it is important to study this phenomenon which is not often brought into light but nonetheless exits in almost every company (that offers returnable products).

Enjoy your reading and see how your company can prevent your customers from changing their minds.

The aim of this diploma thesis is analysis of the marketing tools in the automotive industry and specification of the consumer buying habits of cars. Description of the marketing environment as the default situation analysis for consumer behavior. Determination of marketing tools used to define the appropriate marketing mix. Detect changes in consumer behavior due to the economic crisis and its impact on the automotive industry.

Основно истраживачко питање на које смо настојали дадобијемо одговор је какав је значај вредносних оријентација,селф-концепта и демографских карактеристика испитаника закуповину аутомобила обзиром на ниво и тип инволвираности упроизвод.Како би остварили основни циљ маркетинга – размену, наобострано задовољство и купца и продавца те да би разумели,предвидели и утицали на понашање потрошача неопходно јевршити анализе са циљем упознавања сегмента тржишта за којисе претпоставља да је циљна група. То подразумева упознавањедемографских одлика потрошача. Анализа понашањанеизоставно обухвата истраживање о томе ко су потрошачи, штакупују, зашто купују, када, где и колико често купују. Ипак, даби се добила потпуна слика тржишног сегмента, неопходно је,поред демографских, познавати и психолошке карактеристикепотрошача. У докторској дисертацији представљени сутеоријски модели куповног понашања, инволвираности ивредности, као и теорија селф детерминације. Приказан је изводиз истраживачког опуса о инволвираности и релацијама којеостварује са осталим варијаблама испитиваним у овомистраживању.Истраживање је спроведено на пригодном узорку од 222особе које су у последњих шест месеци купиле аутомобил илипланирају да га купе у наредних шест месеци, али су у тренуткуистраживања већ започелe процес доношења одлуке о куповини.На тај начин извршена је дистинкција купаца и потенцијалнихкупаца, као и дистинкција узорка од опште популације.Аутомобил као производ који је централан у овом истраживањуодабран је на основу пилот истраживања спроведеног са циљемда се утврди у који су производ испитаници чешће високоинволвирани. Из општег циља истраживања изведено је неколико специфичних циљева, како би се одговорило наистраживачки проблем. Резултати су указали да инволвираностима мултифакторску структуру. Издвојена су четири факторакоји су дефинисани као Важност и задовољство, Значење,Вероватноћа ризика и Последице ризика. Утврђене су разлике унивоу и типу инволвираности код купаца и потенцијалнихкупаца, где су потенцијални купци више инволвирани од купаца,и то на укупној инволвираности и на фактору вероватноћаризика. Тржиште купаца и потенцијалних купаца сегментираноје према инволвираности коју су потрошачи развили. Тржиштечине четири хомогена сегмента који се разликују према нивоу итипу доминантне инволвираности. Сегменти су именовани каоВисока, Ниска, Ризична и Експертска инволвираност. Утврђенесу значајне разлике сегмената по вредностима, самосвести икаузалним оријентацијама. Као значајни предиктори поједнинихфактора инволвираности купаца, а из сета демографскихкарактеристика испитаника, издвојили су се пол, старост,образовање, задовољство материјалном ситуацијом, као и бројчланова домаћинства за које је испитаник одговоран. У подгрупипотенцијалних купаца инволвираност се не може предвидети наоснову овог сета демографских варијабли. И сета психолошкихкарактеристика издвојени су предиктори инволвираностииспитаника. Поједини вредносни домени предвиђају фактореинволвираности, а на основу резултата који се тичу каузалнихоријентација и самосвести, закључено је да је доношење куповнеодлуке приликом куповине аутомобила социјални процес, даособе иако су доминантно аутономне у доношењу одлука,одлуку о куповини аутомобила доносе уз помоћ референтнихособа, као и стручњака из ове области. Утврђено је да каузалнеоријентације, самосвест и индивидуалне вредности непредвиђају куповно понашање испитаника.Сви налази су дискутовани у контексту претходнихрезултата истраживања у овој области, наведене су њиховеимпликације и ограничења, као и препоруке за маркетиншкупраксу.
Osnovno istraživačko pitanje na koje smo nastojali dadobijemo odgovor je kakav je značaj vrednosnih orijentacija,self-koncepta i demografskih karakteristika ispitanika zakupovinu automobila obzirom na nivo i tip involviranosti uproizvod.Kako bi ostvarili osnovni cilj marketinga – razmenu, naobostrano zadovoljstvo i kupca i prodavca te da bi razumeli,predvideli i uticali na ponašanje potrošača neophodno jevršiti analize sa ciljem upoznavanja segmenta tržišta za kojise pretpostavlja da je ciljna grupa. To podrazumeva upoznavanjedemografskih odlika potrošača. Analiza ponašanjaneizostavno obuhvata istraživanje o tome ko su potrošači, štakupuju, zašto kupuju, kada, gde i koliko često kupuju. Ipak, dabi se dobila potpuna slika tržišnog segmenta, neophodno je,pored demografskih, poznavati i psihološke karakteristikepotrošača. U doktorskoj disertaciji predstavljeni suteorijski modeli kupovnog ponašanja, involviranosti ivrednosti, kao i teorija self determinacije. Prikazan je izvodiz istraživačkog opusa o involviranosti i relacijama kojeostvaruje sa ostalim varijablama ispitivanim u ovomistraživanju.Istraživanje je sprovedeno na prigodnom uzorku od 222osobe koje su u poslednjih šest meseci kupile automobil iliplaniraju da ga kupe u narednih šest meseci, ali su u trenutkuistraživanja već započele proces donošenja odluke o kupovini.Na taj način izvršena je distinkcija kupaca i potencijalnihkupaca, kao i distinkcija uzorka od opšte populacije.Automobil kao proizvod koji je centralan u ovom istraživanjuodabran je na osnovu pilot istraživanja sprovedenog sa ciljemda se utvrdi u koji su proizvod ispitanici češće visokoinvolvirani. Iz opšteg cilja istraživanja izvedeno je nekoliko specifičnih ciljeva, kako bi se odgovorilo naistraživački problem. Rezultati su ukazali da involviranostima multifaktorsku strukturu. Izdvojena su četiri faktorakoji su definisani kao Važnost i zadovoljstvo, Značenje,Verovatnoća rizika i Posledice rizika. Utvrđene su razlike univou i tipu involviranosti kod kupaca i potencijalnihkupaca, gde su potencijalni kupci više involvirani od kupaca,i to na ukupnoj involviranosti i na faktoru verovatnoćarizika. Tržište kupaca i potencijalnih kupaca segmentiranoje prema involviranosti koju su potrošači razvili. Tržištečine četiri homogena segmenta koji se razlikuju prema nivou itipu dominantne involviranosti. Segmenti su imenovani kaoVisoka, Niska, Rizična i Ekspertska involviranost. Utvrđenesu značajne razlike segmenata po vrednostima, samosvesti ikauzalnim orijentacijama. Kao značajni prediktori pojedninihfaktora involviranosti kupaca, a iz seta demografskihkarakteristika ispitanika, izdvojili su se pol, starost,obrazovanje, zadovoljstvo materijalnom situacijom, kao i brojčlanova domaćinstva za koje je ispitanik odgovoran. U podgrupipotencijalnih kupaca involviranost se ne može predvideti naosnovu ovog seta demografskih varijabli. I seta psihološkihkarakteristika izdvojeni su prediktori involviranostiispitanika. Pojedini vrednosni domeni predviđaju faktoreinvolviranosti, a na osnovu rezultata koji se tiču kauzalnihorijentacija i samosvesti, zaključeno je da je donošenje kupovneodluke prilikom kupovine automobila socijalni proces, daosobe iako su dominantno autonomne u donošenju odluka,odluku o kupovini automobila donose uz pomoć referentnihosoba, kao i stručnjaka iz ove oblasti. Utvrđeno je da kauzalneorijentacije, samosvest i individualne vrednosti nepredviđaju kupovno ponašanje ispitanika.Svi nalazi su diskutovani u kontekstu prethodnihrezultata istraživanja u ovoj oblasti, navedene su njihoveimplikacije i ograničenja, kao i preporuke za marketinškupraksu.
The basic issue of the research is a significance of valueorientations, self-concept and demographic characteristics ofrespondents when purchasing a car, considering the level andtype of involvement in the product.In order to achieve the main purpose of marketing,which is an exchange to mutual satisfaction of buyers andsellers, as well as to understand, predict and influence theconsumer behavior, it is necessary to make analysis in order tobecome acquainted with market segment, which is assumed tobe the target group. It implies information about thedemographic characteristics of consumers. Analysis ofconsumer behavior inevitably involves research about who theconsumers are, what they buy, why they buy, when, where andhow often they buy something. However, in order to obtain acomplete picture of the market segment, it is necessary to knowpsychological characteristics of consumers, in addition todemographic ones. The doctoral dissertation presents theoreticalmodels of consumer behavior, involvement and human values,as well as the self-determination theory. There is presented aselection from the research opus on the involvement andrelations achieved with other variables examined in thisresearch.The research was conducted on a sample of 222 personswho had bought a car in the last six months, or who planned tobuy a car and already started the decision-making process onpurchasing at the moment of the research. In this way, there wasmade a distinction between consumers and potential consumers,as well as the distinction between consumers and the generalpopulation. The car as a product, which was central in thisresearch, was chosen according to a pilot study conducted withthe aim to determine which product made the respondents to behighly involved. Several specific objectives derived from thegeneral aim of the research, in order to respond to the researchproblem. The results showed that the involvement had amultifactor structure. There were distinguished four factors,which were defined as Sign, Interest and Pleasure, Risk importance, and Risk probability.There were established differences in the level and typeof involvement in consumers and potential consumers, wherepotential consumers were more involved than consumers bothon the Total Involvement and the Risk Probability factor.Market of consumers and potential consumers was segmentedaccording to the involvement developed by the consumers.Market consisted of four homogeneous segments which variedaccording to the level and type of dominant involvement. Thesegments were named as High, Low, Risk and ExpertInvolvement. There were established significant differences insegments based on values, self-awareness and causalorientations. Sex, age, education, satisfaction with financialsituation, as well as the number of household members whichthe respondent is responsible for, were found to be significantpredictors of individual factors of the consumers involvement,distinguished from a set of demographic characteristics ofrespondents. In the subgroup of potential consumers, theinvolvement could not be predicted on the basis of the set ofdemographic variables. Predictors of the respondents’involvement were distinguished from a set of psychologicalcharacteristics. Particular value domains predicted factors ofinvolvement. Based on the results concerning the causalorientations and self-awareness, it was concluded that makingdecision on purchasing a car was the social process and thateven though they were predominantly autonomous in decisionmaking,people made the decision to buy a car with help of thereference persons and experts in this field. It was found that thecausal orientations, self-awareness and individual values couldnot predict consumer behavior of respondents.All the findings have been discussed in the context ofprevious results of the research in this field. There are presentedtheir implications and limitations, as well as recommendationsfor the marketing practice.

Indian automobile market is fourth largest in the world. And it is seventh largest in the commercial vehicle manufacturing. Indian consumers are changing so do their preferences. There are lots of factor for change in behavior. Primarily being the change in the social character. People prefer to stay alone and decide on their own. Individualism is on rise in the Indian society, which is a major change giving rise to a whole new market. The rise in per capita income and disposable income, not only in metros but also in tier-2 cities, gave boost to the consumer market. The purchasing power of the consumer is high as a result market is having positive sentiment. The social as well as economical change led to introduction of new products in the market. In the report, we surveyed people from different background in order to understand the consumer preference and behavior while buying car. We asked them variety of question to understand what factors impact them and what strategies companies can make to tackle them. After analysis of the responses, firstly, we found that safety and performance are the two top-most factor that companies must consider in cars. Secondly, Internet is the most sought platform to search information related to cars. Thirdly, when it comes to promoting and branding, companies must consider that societal status is determined by the cars. The strategy for the pre-sale journey must be smooth because consumer almost decide their car even before visiting the dealership. Lastly, Consumer gets attracted to the offers and discounts provided by the automobile companies which is a great tool to attract during off season or year-end. In India automobile sector is growing and it will keep on growing further at a good pace. The result of the report can shape the decision of the consumer so companies must consider it during preparation of their strategies.

It is true fact that if you are satisfied you recommended to others. Word of mouth and customer satisfaction play a very important role in determining market perception about an automobile. It is the market perception that determines the success of a company and so it is very important for the car manufacturers to measure the “willingness of existing users of a product to recommend it to others”. The same is a lot of interest to customers as well for it helps them make the purchase decision. A car is one of the most significant purchases that an Indian household makes and this project addresses the most important question that perplexes car manufacturers: The factor under consideration would be:price,income of the consumer,features of the car,safety standard,warranty scheme,finance facility. Customer expectations are the customer-defined attributes of your product or service. We cannot create satisfaction just by meeting customer’s requirements fully because these have to be met in any case. However falling short is certain to create dissatisfaction.

Indian automobile market is fourth largest in the world. And it is seventh largest in the commercial vehicle manufacturing. Indian consumers are changing so do their preferences. There are lots of factor for change in behavior. Primarily being the change in the social character. People prefer to stay alone and decide on their own. Individualism is on rise in the Indian society, which is a major change giving rise to a whole new market. The rise in per capita income and disposable income, not only in metros but also in tier-2 cities, gave boost to the consumer market. The purchasing power of the consumer is high as a result market is having positive sentiment. The social as well as economical change led to introduction of new products in the market. In the report, we surveyed people from different background in order to understand the consumer preference and behavior while buying car. We asked them variety of question to understand what factors impact them and what strategies companies can make to tackle them. After analysis of the responses, firstly, we found that safety and performance are the two top-most factor that companies must consider in cars. Secondly, Internet is the most sought platform to search information related to cars. Thirdly, when it comes to promoting and branding, companies must consider that societal status is determined by the cars. The strategy for the pre-sale journey must be smooth because consumer almost decide their car even before visiting the dealership. Lastly, Consumer gets attracted to the offers and discounts provided by the automobile companies which is a great tool to attract during off season or yearend. In India automobile sector is growing and it will keep on growing further at a good pace. The result of the report can shape the decision of the consumer so companies must consider it during preparation of their strategies.

碩士
中原大學
企業管理研究所
98
This research focused on the influence of selection for car equipments when buying a vehicle. The author divided the car equipments into two types: one is for “delighted comfort” and the other is for “security”. And this study also make an argument about whether the willingness of consuming during different time affects the decision of consumers. There are two experiments in the research. The main result is listed below: 1. With delighted and comfortable equipments, the car brings more joyfulness to fit the preference of consumers with “promotion focus” and also stimulates their desire of purchase. The vehicle with delighted equipments can supply the feeling of “rightness” to strengthen the purchasing desire. 2. With secure equipments, the car brings more senses of safeness as well as the possibilities of prevention from pains and losses in the future. It stimulates the consumers with “prevention focus” to buy due to their appealing for security. Within different involvement in purchasing, people who don’t have desires to buy usually can treat choices rationally. This situation corresponds to the above study. However, it’s obscure for people who have desires to buy a car. In all purchasing, the company will enhance the consumers’ desires if they take perceptual-appealing strategies. Cars are products with high prices. When the qualities and the prices of goods are close, the companies need to compete by sales promotion among various brands to be attractive. Thus, if the companies can meet purchasers’ mind requirements successfully and make use of this in other industries too, they definitely are able to create more benefit-based markets.

碩士
華梵大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
101
In recent years, with the social changes and lifestyle changes people, the car in addition to the basic means of function, gradually, to meet the diversified needs of consumers has become an important issue of the automotive market. Sedan SUV that has multiple functions and uses, both work and leisure demand, the market potential of the cars. Sedan SUV body type moderate size, the use of space flexibility, excellent performance and fuel consumption, and the price is more competitive, to become the new mainstream of the global automotive market! This study focuses on domestic sales performance and practical value of the three car models are compared, through literature, expert questionnaire, Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process Discussion on implementation, analysis, and the resulting decision-making dimensions divided into model specifications, safety equipped, performance, power and price factors, obtained through calculation and the right to re-consider the top three factors were price, fuel consumption and engine power, expect the research data and analysis can provide various car dealers have to purchase people in cars reference value.

碩士
東海大學
高階經營管理碩士在職專班
107
This study uses the behavioral economics theory of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Economics to apply economics to economics. It is not always rational to show economic and financial decision-makers. It will be influenced by various psychological effects on decision-making. Is it possible to use the constellation as an influence on whether the consumption habits are more important than the factors that are considered in the purchase of cars? Therefore, the influence of the correlation between constellation and consumption habits, the correlation between constellation and purchase behavior, and whether consumption habits affect consumers' attention to car purchase behavior, and whether different constellations interfere with consumer spending habits to purchase car behavior Pay attention to the impact of factors.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
103
Impulse buying behavior is an unexpected and irresistible purchasing behavior. From all the past research on impulse buying, most researchers focused on psychological factors like purchasing environment, personality traits, marketing stimuli and behavior parameters etc. by using traditional questionnaire analysis to study the factors that lead to impulse buying. Because of the characteristic of being unexpected and sudden, researchers couldn’t identify the exact reason immediately. We even couldn’t know the actual outcomes when measuring the difference of purchasing attitudes before buying and after buying. That leads to the restrictions of previous research. Impulse buying is a very normal behavior of consumer behavior and transactions that could happen anytime and anywhere. According to past research, the percentage of impulse buying behavior would rise when some specific stores and particular industries were involved. Furthermore, the more impulse buying characteristics consumers have, the more customer value enterprises pursue. Therefore, no matter on academic research or on practices, impulse buying researches has already been a developed trend. The developments of database mining, information technology, and ubiquitous network have changed the society. Countless transaction behavior means countless transaction data are being recorded during the big data era. With the statistical methods on database and the collocation of marketing strategies, we can try to identify the motivations behind the consumer behavior. But there are few research studying impulse buying by using data mining methods on consumer transaction records. Therefore, I tried to use some data mining methods to analyze the credit cards transaction database that targeted customers with impulse buying characteristics by utilizing two-step clustering analysis, demographic variables analysis, and the dynamic segments stability analysis. According to the first outcome, the variables we chose and dealt with used in two-step clustering analysis from the credit cards database are able to differentiate the impulse buying and non-impulse buying customers. But the percentage of the impulse buying customer was too low. So, I kept tring another method to identify impulse buying customers by using only one classification index that was made from database. The second time’s outcome was siginificant and the number of those impulse buying customers we identified was much more than the first time. Finally, we can use these results, as well as the demographic variables analysis and the transaction items of industries analysis from records to make customer management programs, one-to-one customized marketing strategies, recommendation systems and to develop the collaboration relationships with related industries and enterprises. With the objective to create bigger and much more value for the market and companies.

The study of consumer behaviour is a dynamic and longstanding challenge to continuously understand the factors which influence consumers’ buying behaviour. Though internal (for example attitude, motivation and learning) and external factors (marketing stimuli) are equally important, the focus of this study is on external influences and market trends. Consumer markets around the world have recently seen the increase of ethical products. Those products that are differentiated by their moral or sustainable values and attributes, for example environmentally friendly products or body lotions not tested on animals. The provision of these products is a result of organisations’ realisation that in order to increase their customer base, their values must be centred on doing good for the community as well as the environment and should be visible to consumers. For a number of organisations this means marketing the ethical values and attributes of the products they provide so that consumers will ultimately choose their products. However, in order to understand consumers’ willingness to pay for these products, marketers need to understand the price perceptions consumers have towards these products. The purpose of this study relates to this and aims to determine the influence that the marketing of ethically framed personal care products, as an external influence, has on consumers’ willingness to pay for these products. More specifically, this study aims to determine whether South African females are willing to pay more for ethically framed personal care products than for ordinary personal care products. This will be done by specifically assessing their reference, fair and reservation price perceptions.
Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
gm2014
Marketing Management
unrestricted

碩士
國立彰化師範大學
企業管理學系
96
The aims of this study are to realize the influence of 1) materialism, psychological (self-esteem and the association buying behavior with social status) and demographical variable (age, gender, marriage, and income) on compulsive buying, 2) of psychological and demographical variable on materialism, 3) whether materialism plays a mediator role between psychological and demographical variables and compulsive buying, and 4) to re-calculate the critical point and regression coefficient, originally developed by Faber and O’ Guinn in 1992, to avoid the country cultural bias, if possible. Conclusions are, 1) strong materialism and the association buying behavior with social status, but low self-esteem can significantly could enhance compulsive buying tendency, 2) existence of two significant indirect paths, one is the association buying behavior with social status → materialism →compulsive buying, and the other is age →materialism →compulsive buying, 3) materialism is success, and vanity perceived are significantly positive with compulsive buying tendency, but acquisition are significantly negative with the compulsive buying tendency, 4) the new critical point is above 0.52 and the exactly prediction rate is 95%, 5) higher compulsive buying tendency resulted from low income and age (especially lower than 20s), and divorced family members, and 6) gender is no longer different from both compulsive buying and materialism. Keyword: Compulsive Buying, Materialism, Self-Esteem, the Association Buying Behavior with Social Status

碩士
國立中興大學
高階經理人碩士在職專班
101
This study investigates the differences in buying behavior for customers with diverse personality and constellations. Moreover, the study also discusses the linkage between the buying behavior and customer’s loyalty. Using a unique database of Chung-Yo Department Store, which contends the detailed transaction records of the customers, I apply various methodologies including Pearson correlation and regression analysis to examine the proposed hypotheses related to customer’s buying behavior and personality. The empirical finding has rich implications for customer’s buying behavior and building-up for customer’s loyalty.

碩士
南台科技大學
企業管理系
100
Nowadays, in the global context of open market electronics, customer has become the king. A consumer is in a position to influence manufacturer, marketer regarding content of product, size and quality. Who can satisfy customers then will have strong position in the market. As a result, competition is becoming very tough. Marketing becomes one of the most important tools for marketer, manufacture in every field, especially in product market. There were many researches, articles about the rule of marketing tools for example advertisement, sales promotion…Sales promotion is more and more popular, each player is trying to attract more customer through different sales promotion activities. But the exact picture of the impact of sales promotion on customer’s buying behavior is unclear to retailer. So this research tries to find out the impact of sales promotion on customer buying behavior toward personal care product in Taiwan where retail market is developing strongly. This study, I investigated the relationship between 4 tools of sales promotion and customer attitude, buying behavior toward two different groups of personal care products according to 6 dimensions (such as coupon, price discount, buy one get one, free sample, attitude, buying behavior). The study use spss and amos to analyze the data. The results show that these four tools of sales promotion have positive effect on customer buying behavior. Buy one get one has strongest impact, next one is price discount, free sample has smallest impact on customer buying behavior. Besides, there is no difference about the impact of sales promotion on customer buying behavior between cosmetic and hygiene products.

碩士
國立交通大學
經營管理研究所
99
Because of the omnipresent Internet ,the information can be passed quickly without any obstruction. There is a new way to online shop.This new type of online shopping provides infinite business opportunities. This study will investigate the key factors which affect consumers＇purchase behavior and the influence of perceived risk on consumers＇ purchase intentions. This study uses online questionnaires to collect data.There are six variables to describe the characteristics and behaviors of consumers:product properties,purchase motives,sources of information,perceived risk,online-shopping and purchase intentions variables.Factor analysis,Chi-Square Test,One Way ANOVA analysis and Regression analysis will be used in this study. The results of the study are as following.The consumers are significantly different in product properties,purchase motives,sources of information,perceived risk,online-shopping and purchase intentions variables.The performance risk,physical risk and financial risk have negative effects on consumers＇ purchase intensions.Moreover,the most influential risk of perceived risk is physical risk,then performance risk and financial risk. Finally,this study provides some marketing recommendations for future research.

碩士
中國文化大學
財務金融學系
102
Compulsive buying behavior is increasingly recognized as a growing problem among consumers in general. Considered as a side effect of materialism and the dark side of consumer behavior, compulsive buying has been under scrutiny by numerous customer researchers as well as marketers because of its serious impact on the individual and the public. The key determinant of compulsive buying behavior is credit card and materialism. Credit card as lifestyle facilitators and a tool that make consumer use to manage and regulate their lifestyles. Therefore, the increasing of credit card use in consumer lifestyle can bring an effect to the compulsive buying behavior. This study regards the intention to use credit card and materialism as a crucial factors for compulsive buying behavior. Percieved value, fashion oriented, personality traits are important factors that determines the intention to use credit card and materialism. This study aims to fill this research gap by firstly developing a comprehensive research framework for compulsive buying behavior. The research model will be evaluated through questionnaire survey by targeting the samples from the bank credit card customers in Indonesia. Multivariate data analyses included SEM (Structural Equation Model), ANOVA (Analysis Of Variance) and hirarchical regression will be adopted to empirically test the developed research hypotheses. The result of this study from 343 samples are the intention to use credit card and materialism tend to have a positive relationship to compulsive buying behavior.

碩士
美和科技大學
企業管理系經營管理碩士班
106
Many practical researches in different industries and sectors have shown that there is a significant relationship between brand equity and customer buying behavior. Today, the brand identity as capital creates value for the company and its products. Brand’s success depends on the acceptance and assessment of the brand’s customers; thus, the aim of this research is to study the factors affecting customers' buying behavior to the credit card services offered by BIDV. Brand equity is put into research with other two factors to better describing the relationship and the impact. With the data of 212 customers using quantitative method to run the regression model in the end, the result has shown that brand equity element has significant influence on customer buying behavior towards to service. In addition, together with brand equity, the convenience and the fee policy of the bank is very important in the decision of customers whether to use credit card by BIDV or get from the other brands.

碩士
大仁科技大學
製藥科技研究所
106
Fucoidan is a water-soluable sulfated polysaccharide found in various species of brown seaweed. The fucoidan had a wide range of pharmacological activity but was recognized less by the consumers. Based on health belief model (HBM), this study aimed to explore and clarify the buying behaviors of fucoidan among long-term care facility staffs in central Taiwan. In this study, 292 convenient samples around central Taiwan were solicited, and then data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, dependent samples t-test, independent samples t-test, chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation with SPSS software package. The results indicated that there were only 31 respondents (10.6%) used fucoidan (multiple choice question) to regulate the immune system and to supply nutrition (11 respondents, 35.5%, respectively) and to improve liver function (10 respondents, 32.3%). Some health belief constructs were significant different along with the demographic factors of age, education, institutional type, job title, income, and health condition. The demographic factors of education and institutional type were significant different with fucoidan buying behaviors. The perceived susceptibility and perceived benefits of health belief constructs were significant correlation with fucoidan buying behaviors. In conclusions, fucoidan had various bioactivity, but was known less in health foods market. We suggested that the medical professionals should increase the knowledge of fucoidan and then might improve the confidence of use fucoidan for the long-term care facility residents.

碩士
南開科技大學
電子工程研究所
101
The study focuses on more than 40 years of age, with increasing age and physical health gradually weakened, the National Health Insurance medical payments under the social welfare, aged 40 to 64 years of age, people can make a three-year general health check ; the population is over 65 years make one annual physical examination, driving people on their health more and more familiar, and in addition to the National Health Insurance medical services, health care and food has also become another body choice, has driven health care food markets to flourish. Taiwan market in 1999 because of health care food varies greatly, therefore the implementation of "Health Food Control Act," the norms of health care food supervision and management of the work done so with substantial scientific evidence that can improve physical fitness, promote good health care food , according to the statement of facts can be the effect of health care food products, health care food products can be used as a basis for people to buy, this study by Nantou three large-scale integrated health screenings, 515 questionnaires were collected, 480 valid questionnaires were obtained, according to Z distribution formula to do the reliability and validity analysis, and describe consumer attributes and statistical analysis of each factor. Keywords: health care food, the elderly, the buying behavior

碩士
東海大學
國際經營與貿易學系
103
In this progressive environment, the demand of the consumers is replaced by the products. In this marketing environment, our impulsive buying behavior would increase. Under the spread and influence of each country's fashion culture, the consumers are fond of pursuing their own fashion style. The fashion goods coming from around the world make people who are materialism want to get the new products which can show their personal style. Therefore, we would like to discuss the consumer behavior whether the high self-control could decrease the impulsive buying or not. The previous literature about self-control is not sufficient. Consequently, this study is going to discuss the effects of fashion orientation and materialism on consumers’ behavior and the moderating effects of self-control, credit card use and gender. In this study, the total of 400 questionnaires were collected and 387 of them were being valid. The results show that fashion orientation, materialism, credit card use and gender have positive impacts on impulsive buying. The moderating effects of self-control would have negative impacts on materialism and impulsive buying. The moderating effects of gender would have positive impacts on materialism and impulsive buying. The moderating effects of credit card use has positive impacts on fashion orientation and impulsive buying. It means that if the consumer who’s materialism have high self-control ability, he / she would reduce the impulsive buying behavior. If the consumer whose fashion orientation is high use the credit card, the impulsive buying behavior would increase.