Artykuły w czasopismach: „Car battery”

1

Neroth, P. "Think electric [battery car]". Engineering & Technology 3, nr 12 (5.07.2008): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et:20081202.

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Niu, Rong Yi, Xiao Yan Yin i Ming Yu Zhao. "Construction of Battery Swap Station for Electric Passenger Car". Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (grudzień 2012): 2231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.2231.

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Basing on the status quo of the development of electric vehicle and electric vehicle’s Charging/battery swap infrastructure, Discussion and analysis is made with focus on the battery swap mode and it’s practising method of electric passenger car. According to the body structure of different types of electric passenger car and the Situation that the battery pack is equipped with, Electric passenger car are divided into two types: chassis battery type and battery rear-equipped type. Respectively, analyzed the battery swap mode for the two types of electric passenger cars; And two feasible battery swap projects are advanced , analysed and compared.Then pointed out the difficulties and problems with the construction of the battery swap station for electric passenger car; Finally, suggestions and methods to solve the problems were offered.

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Yu, Fei, Zhao Jie, Jing Xia Wang i Liu Li. "Design of on Line Car Battery Monitor System Base on FPGA". Advanced Materials Research 741 (sierpień 2013): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.741.104.

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For the reason of high failure rate of car battery and car electric generator, an on line car battery monitor base on Altera FPGA/CPLD chip MAX serials was realized, which combining with the AD collection and power handling technology. The equipment can monitor the voltage, quantity, current leakage of the battery and the electric generator failure. It can make judgment of battery performance and has a good application value.

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Suchanovský, M., J. Molnár i O. Slavko. "DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR MEASURING CAR BATTERY CAPACITY". Electromechanical and energy saving systems 4, nr 52 (23.12.2020): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/2072-2052.2020.4.52.51-59.

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Purpose. The purpose of this article is to design hardware for an automated system for measuring the parameters of the car battery and the subsequent approximation of its capacity and other parameters necessary to determine its condition. Originality. The paper deals with the research on the car batteries and measuring instruments to detect their parameters in order to determine a suitable software solution for automated measuring system to measure the car battery capacity. Methodology. The paper proposes one of the possibilities for development an automated system for measuring car battery capacity basing on microcontrollers system using prototyping, designing, simulation and testing techniques. Authors described the whole development process starting from computer design of the proposed device, chose the elements for hardware unit, prototyping using development boards and tools, developing program algorithms and implementing related applied software with the final results verification. Result. In this work authors proposed hardware solution of an automated system for measuring the capacity of a car battery. The whole design concept consisted of the selection of the main hardware components, which were then implemented into a complex functional unit. Following it was designed a software solution. This proposal was initiated by a program for measuring the parameters of the battery, then the calculation of the internal resistance from the measured parameters and the approximation of capacity on the basis of the detected life-span was added to this programme. A Web page was then created. Practical value. Proposed experimental sample could be practically used for automatic measurement of car battery capacity and also could be served as an experimental sample of remote measuring device. References 14, figures 14.

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Cui, Qing Dong, Lin Yao i Yun Xiao Zhu. "The Design of Electric Car Battery Box Test Equipment". Applied Mechanics and Materials 456 (październik 2013): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.456.18.

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Along with the development of the electric car industry, the electric car battery box quality testing problem has taken the industry's attention, this article through analysis the structure of existing electric battery box in the market, elaborated a new, universal battery box testing equipment design; The device implements the electric car battery box automated testing and evaluation, not only reduced the labors intensity, improve the reliability of the product testing, credibility and the pre - qualified rate of battery box, but also the working efficiency has been greatly improved, and fill the gap of the industry.

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Du, Qiu Lei. "Digital Design of Children's Battery Car". Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (lipiec 2011): 2443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.2443.

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Digital design of children's battery car is a comprehensive design, which involves many fields such as man-machine engineering, art shaping and so on. This paper discusses the overall design, local design and digital design of children's battery car; and the three stages including preparation and design idea, improvement and virtual manufacturing about digital design of children's battery car have been analyzed.

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Liu, Qiang, Shu Chen Yang i Jun Wang. "Intelligent Vehicle Based on Solar Power Generation and Semiconductor Refrigeration Air Conditioner". Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (październik 2013): 1547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1547.

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To solve the car in the sun after the problem of high temperature inside the car, to make the intelligent vehicle based on solar power generation and semiconductor refrigeration air conditioning, the solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy, in our production based on ARM architecture - M3 processor core LM3S615 micro controller of solar power controller under the control of the converted to battery power, battery supply power to refrigeration semiconductor under the controller control of semiconductor refrigeration elements side pick up the car refrigeration is reduce the interior temperature, heating surface pickup in vitro heat pipes for heat transfer to the outside of the car, and the car is equipped with temperature sensors to detect the temperature inside the car can, when the temperature reaches a set temperature refers to the controller control battery supply power to refrigeration piece to reduce the temperature inside the car, when the temperature is lower than a set temperature controller to control battery direction to the cooling power to improve the temperature inside the car, achieve the result of intelligent temperature control of the car, to reduce pollution, save energy and has strong practical value.

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Du, Qiu Lei, i Xian Chun Cheng. "Virtual Shaping Design of Battery Car in the Golf". Advanced Materials Research 346 (wrzesień 2011): 391–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.346.391.

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Shaping design of battery car in the golf is a comprehensive design, which involves many fields such as engineering technology, art shaping, man-machine engineering and so on. In this paper, the overall design, graphics design and virtual shaping design of battery car in the golf have been discussed; the four stages including preparation, idea, improvement and virtual manufacturing about shaping design of battery car have been analyzed.

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Tyler, Neil. "UK's First Car Battery ‘Gigafactory’ Planned". New Electronics 53, nr 10 (26.05.2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(22)61247-1.

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Vitaly Viktorovich, Nechaev. "THE METHOD OF DIAGNOSINGA CAR BATTERY". World of transport and technological machines 1(80), nr 1 (2023): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7432-2023-1(80)-1-12-18.

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A method is presented that allows in the shortest possible time, with insignificant labor costs and with reliable accuracy to determine the technical condition of the battery, providing increased efficiency and validity of decisions on its further use, contributing to guaranteed engine start and trouble-free operation of the car.

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Aldhi, Muhammad, Habib Satria, Moranain Mungkin, Indri Dayana i Rudi Salam. "Prototype Design Remote Smart Car 4WD Robot Car with Additional Power Photovoltaic Source Integrated Arduino". International Journal of Engineering Technology and Natural Sciences 6, nr 1 (11.07.2024): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46923/ijets.v6i1.291.

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The problem addressed in this research is designing an Electric Car Prototype, a technology design using Arduino Uno, L298N Driver Module, and HC-06 Bluetooth sensor which is controlled automatically using an application. The method used is a hybrid PLTS (Solar Power Plant) system based on Arduino Uno. This prototype combines electrical energy from batteries with solar energy produced by solar panels, and the main controller is Arduino Uno. Tests were carried out to evaluate the performance and efficiency of this electric car. The results of solar panel experiments in designing electric car prototypes, testing will be carried out on the efficiency of solar panels on the power produced. The following is the data from the experimental results measured through the following table 2 experiments. solar panels were installed on the roof or other parts exposed to sunlight on a prototype electric car. Solar panels consist of photovoltaic solar cells which are capable of converting solar energy into electrical energy. When sunlight falls on a solar panel, the solar cell produces an electric current. The electric current generated from the solar cell is then channeled to the charging module to charge the battery. The battery charging module regulates the voltage and electric current according to battery charging needs. This is important so that the battery does not receive too much or too little power during the charging process. After passing through the battery charging module, the electrical energy from the solar panels is used to charge the electric car battery. Electric car batteries function as energy storage which is used to control the engine and other electronic systems in the car. Obtained were the development of an environmentally friendly and sustainable electric vehicle.

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A. Saravanan, J. Dinakaran, A. Aravind, T. Sridhar. "Alternator Based Self Charging Electric Car". Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 11, nr 1 (18.02.2023): 414–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/cienceng.v11i1.146.

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This paper presents you about designing an electric car with in-built charging system for charging the batteries by the energy obtained from the front axle during running. This system can acts as multi-source charging system which the battery is charged by the in-built alternator, the solar panel and the plug-in AC voltage. Thus, the battery of an Electric vehicle can be charged on both the rest and running conditions. By this method, the charges can be reclaimed from alternators that were attached to the axle of the car. This paper also involves in design of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Intelligent Control System (HEVICS) for controlling the entire operation of the vehicle including the BLDC pulse control, battery management system (BMS), charge controller and Booster circuit. By using the available software's like Proteus 8, PSIM, and Matlab the vehicle can be simulated and be verified. By using this technique, the battery can be charged to about 16.67% of the spent energy can be reclaimed and can be utilized further.

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Alhidayat, Rizki. "Analisis Penggunaan Resistance Sebagai Peredam Arus Kejut Aki 12V Pada Battery Management System(BMS)". Jurnal Qua Teknika 12, nr 2 (2.09.2022): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/quateknika.v12i2.2335.

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The development of electric car technology is currently increasing a lot of progress. Thisrepresents an electric car is one alternative to future vehicles using battery energy to move it. But nowthere are many weaknesses in special electric cars in Indonesia. One of them is battery charging that canbe said to be ineffective. When the battery in this electric car consists of 4 12V batteries, which areequipped with 48V in the charging process. The type of battery used is Battery Sealed Lead Acid wherethe battery is a sulfuric acid electrolyte rechargeable battery that cannot be stacked because this batterycan be coagulated (thickened). In this system a boost converter is used to stabilize the voltage from thePLN that will enter through the charger. Then in menitoring the charger, there needs to be an Internetsystem Object or an abbreviation of IoT for convenience whether the battery is full or not. And for themicrocontroller used is ESP32. In addition to this the IoT system can also calculate the efficiency of thecharger for each charging. Related cell phone owners can monitor the battery via a smartphone or laptopconnected to the internet.

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Sakno, Olha, Olena Sakno, Ievgen Medvediev i Serhii Tsymbal. "Study of the influence of external factors on the operational properties of an electric vehicle". Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport 19, nr 1 (12.07.2024): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2024-19-1-131-138.

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Many factors affect the range of an electric vehicle: speed, driving style and ambient temperature can reduce the range of a full charge. Cold weather poses two main problems for electric vehicles: cold air limits battery performance, and the robo-heater significantly drains the battery. Studies have shown that 21.5 degrees is the optimal temperature for the operation of an electric car battery. Because an average of 21.5 degrees Celsius is the most optimal temperature when it comes to the range of an electric car. This actually prolongs its operation. At 21.5 degrees, the electric car's temperature system does not work, so energy is used for its movement. At -20°C, an electric car loses an average of 50% of its battery charge range. At -10 – 40%, at 0 – 20%. When the temperature is +10o C, the real driving distance of the electric car corresponds to 100% charging of the battery. At +21 o C, the real distance can be increased to 15%. When it is +40oC, the performance of the battery drops significantly to 80%, and the rate of charge rapidly decreases as the temperature increases. The energy consumption of electric vehicles is largely influenced by weather factors. Studies have shown the influence of ambient temperature and wind speed on energy consumption. The results show that at low speeds (30 km/h) the relative influence of ambient temperature is extremely high. The lowest energy consumption is achieved at a temperature of 20° C. At higher speeds (130 km/h), the relative influence of the temperature of the external environment is much lower. It has been proven that 21.5 degrees is the optimal ambient temperature for the operation of an electric car battery during operation, a decrease or increase in temperature leads to a decrease in the efficiency of electric car operation.

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Dinh Tan Ngoc. "Calculation of electric vehicle battery system". Journal of Technical Education Science, nr 66 (30.10.2021): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54644/jte.66.2021.1058.

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Designing a vehicle is a complex multi-stage process and involves many factors which required carefully in calculation such as: the vehicle's dynamic, active and passive safety systems, connections on the vehicle, arrangement of devices, etc. The same principles when we design an electric vehicle. In this paper, the researcher showed a method to calculate battery system on an electric vehicle from a vehicle that using an internal combustion engine and still ensure the same output power as the original car. The car only uses Li-ion batteries, the car can travel on a single charge is nearly 300 km. The results have calculated the battery system to satisfy the capacity of the original vehicle. Through the calculated results can be applied on real cars.

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Petrov, O. I. "Equalizing the battery charges of rechargeable accumulators". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1303, nr 1 (1.03.2024): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1303/1/012007.

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Abstract Charge imbalances in high-voltage batteries, including battery cell arrays, such as lithium-ion in hybrid vehicles, tend to develop and increase over time as the batteries are charged and discharged, or even when the battery remains charged but not in use. This reduces the efficiency of the battery charging and discharging modes, and limits battery life and capacity. The article describes a method and device for performing the charge equalization operation when charging a storage battery. The elements of the charger circuit have been selected, the parameters of which are sufficient for charging with equalizing the charge of the Audi Q5 hybrid Quattro car. Calculations of the pulse mode of charging the battery of the specified car, as well as the time spent on charging with equalizing the battery charges are given. The charging time of the considered battery with the elimination of a 15% imbalance of the batteries will last up to 139 minutes (2.31 hours). The results of calculating the operating parameters of the device indicate that the device for equalizing the charge of the batteries is operable, can be implemented on a modern element base at a relatively low cost, and is capable of charging the battery in a time acceptable for the operation of the car.

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Wang, Yingcheng, i Daniel Gladwin. "Power Management Analysis of a Photovoltaic and Battery Energy Storage-Based Smart Electrical Car Park Providing Ancillary Grid Services". Energies 14, nr 24 (14.12.2021): 8433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248433.

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Future car parks will require significant power to support electric vehicle (EV) charging as there will be both an increase in the penetration of EVs and a higher demand for charging power as battery packs increase in capacity. The effective management of the charging and local battery storage can be installed to help prevent excessive increases in electrical feeder capacity; however, it is inevitable that car parks will attain significant power capability in the future. There is therefore an opportunity for car park owners to utilise this and generate additional revenue by providing frequency response services to the electrical grid. This paper describes the modelling of a car park that utilises photovoltaic power generation, battery storage, and EV charging management strategies to provide a grid frequency response service. The analysis using simulated car park data shows that it can provide a high availability in terms of service but it is dependent on the capacity of the installed generation and storage.

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Kaloko, Bambang Sri. "LEAD ACID BATTERY MODELING FOR ELECTRIC CAR POWER SOURCES". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 9, nr 3 (24.06.2010): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21508.

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Successful commercialization of electric vehicles will require a confluence of technology, market, economic, and political factors that transform EVs into an attractive choice for consumers. The characteristics of the traction battery will play a critical role in this transformation. The relationship between battery characteristics such as power, capacity and efficiency, and EV customer satisfaction are discussed based on real world experience. A general problem, however, is that electrical energy can hardly be stored. In general, the storage of electrical energy requires its conversion into another form of energy. Electrical energy is typically obtained through conversion of chemical energy stored in devices such as batteries. In batteries the energy of chemical compounds acts as storage medium, and during discharge, a chemical process occurs that generates energy which can be drawn from the battery in form of an electric current at a certain voltage. A computer simulation is developed to examine overall battery design with the MATLAB/Simulink. Battery modelling with this program have error level less than 5%. Keywords: Electrochemistry, lead acid battery, stored energy

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M, Logesh Raja, Santhosh Kumar R, Arunachalam M i Mahalingam PP. "Vehicle Lifter Enhancement for HV(EV) Battery Assembly". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 5 (31.05.2023): 3269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52354.

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Abstract: Vehicles have always been heavy and requiring regular repairs. That was the necessity behind car lifts invention. These days, car lifts are an integral part of many garages and repair shops but its applications are not limited to that, theyre also used to raise vehicles for storage in places where ramps are inconvenient or if there are space restrictions. The car lift we are working on is used for raising loaded mini-trucks.

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Oloye, C. O., S. A. Olanlokun, O. S. Emene, E. I. Bello, J. F. Eiche i K. A. Imoukhuede. "Electric Car Conversion". Saudi Journal of Engineering and Technology 9, nr 02 (1.02.2024): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjet.2024.v09i02.001.

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One of the directions for making cleaner and more economic vehicles is to adopt electric vehicle concept. Therefore, an internal combustion powered engine Nissan Micra Vehicle was converted into battery powered electric vehicle. The power train of the car was redesigned to use DC electric motor in replacement of the existing internal combustion engine and to give the gear ratios possibility of a normal car. The power rating of the motor was determined by considering the rolling, gradient and aerodynamic resistances which gave a total tractive effort of 12190.84 N. The designed power rating was then determined to be 8 kW and this value was used to select the number of batteries that gave the required current to reach an adequate range of operation. To balance the weight of the car, the battery rack was located behind the center of gravity to give the developed vehicle a neutral steer characteristic. After installation of electric motor, inverter and the batteries, then the batteries were connected in series and parallel to the inverter with cable wire via variable frequency drive to ac motor and potentiometer. The vehicle was then evaluated and the voltage produced was able to move the vehicle at 6.24 m/s and the maximum frequency obtained was fifty megahertz (50 MHz).

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Sibley, Paul A., i Kenneth A. Godwin. "Electrothermal Ring Burn From a Car Battery". Orthopedics 36, nr 8 (1.08.2013): e1096-e1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01477447-20130724-31.

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Vaughan, Adam. "The looming electric car battery waste mountain". New Scientist 244, nr 3256 (listopad 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(19)32142-6.

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Adriyanti, Aissyah Lathifah, i Taufik Roni Sahroni. "Design Sustainability for Battery Packaging to Increase Customer Satisfaction". Journal of Engineering 2023 (26.08.2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9916084.

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An automotive battery, also known as a car battery, is a device that provides electrical energy to start a vehicle’s engine; it uses chemical reactions between lead (Pb) and other chemicals to generate electricity. The automotive industry has been receiving positive feedback from consumers, and the industry has been striving to improve the quality of its product packaging, which protects the battery and facilitates its distribution. The research aims to increase customer satisfaction in the automotive industry by creating better battery packaging design. The research employs a range of methods to achieve this goal, including conducting an initial survey with customers who have purchased and used car batteries to identify problems, 3D computer-aided design (CAD) to create design packaging development, life-cycle assessment (LCA) to measure the environmental impact of various materials and contains sustainability analysis, and finite element analysis (FEA) simulation of the packaging corrugated paper using SolidWorks 2021 software, and lastly, a customer feedback survey is conducted to assess the attributes of packaging development. The design criteria prioritize green materials, ergonomics, durability, reliability, and ease of use. In conclusion, the study recommends the use of corrugated paper for battery packaging in the automotive industry. The corrugated paper has proven to be an ecofriendly and sustainable material that provides excellent protection for the battery while also being easy to handle and use.

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Revathy, R., i J. Visveswar. "Investigation on Battery for Electric Vehicle Application". ITM Web of Conferences 50 (2022): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20225003003.

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Battery powered electric vehicles are becoming increasingly important in the automotive industry. It is hard to decide which battery meets all the most important characteristics from different perspectives such as energy storage efficiency, construction characteristics, cost price, safety and service life of today’s Electric Vehicles. Investigation on different types of batteries are discussed in this paper. Among the most important components of a car is the battery. Only the stored electrical energy in the battery provides the power for BEVs which is the unique source of energy. Various types of batteries are used in electric cars depending on their systems. The lithium-ion battery is the most common electric car battery. A battery which is considered zero emission is abbreviated as ZEBRA. In this paper, we can gain knowledge over the different types of battery options available for electric vehicles, along with their characteristics.

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Rao, T. Jaganmohana, A. P. Divyateja, G. Madhavi, CH Kanchanamala i A. Saipradeep. "Solar Powered E-Car". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 4 (30.04.2023): 1806–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.50491.

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Abstract: The basic idea behind a solar electric car is to utilise the power that is stored in a battery both during and after a solar panel charge. Due to the fact that they don't release any greenhouse gases or other pollutants while in operation, solar automobiles are made with environmental protection in mind. Solar-powered cars have the ability to rapidly minimize the demand on fossil fuels, which would slow their depletion and reduce the negative effects of climate change. In this project, we'll investigate how a charge controller can be used to control the flow of electricity produced by a solar panel array into a battery pack. The stored energy will subsequently be used to power a PMS motor, which will drive the car. The direction and speed of the car's movements will be under our control via a motor controller. Additionally, we'll talk about the procedure for assembling the car's mechanical components. Finally, we'll demonstrate how to attach the electrical system to the car's mechanical frame.

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Anubhav S, Tony Sabu, Madhav Hari i Joemon C.T. "Simulation of Graphene Battery and other Battery Technologies in an EV Powertrain". ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 2, nr 4 (19.11.2022): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.2.4.9.

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The motivation for this work is to find a better and efficient energy storage solution for electric vehicle. It is done by comparing the performance of three different batteries, which are: Lead Acid battery, Li-ion battery and Graphene battery. In this paper, an electric vehicle model is created in Simulink using MATLAB software. The constructed model is based on the existing electric car TATA Nexon EV. Also, unlike the real car the model presented has a different battery pack and the battery parameters such as SOC, current, voltage, distance, velocity, and weight are changed to carry out the comparison between different battery technologies. The model will be simulated to obtain data regarding vehicle performance, energy consumption and range on the new FTP75 test cycle. The obtained know-how will help on later improvements of the electric model regarding methods to improve the vehicle performance and the simulation helps to choose the right powertrain for the vehicle without carrying out any real-life experiments.

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Nugroho, Dimas, Ahmad Ubaidillah i Koko Joni. "Electric Smart Solar Car System Based on Android". JTECS : Jurnal Sistem Telekomunikasi Elektronika Sistem Kontrol Power Sistem dan Komputer 1, nr 1 (28.01.2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/jtecs.v1i1.1427.

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Along with the increasing number of motorized vehicles resulting in high pollution, energy efficient cars are needed. solar electric car is one of the car solutions fueled by henamt energy. the use of electric cars is considered more effective, in addition to reducing the use of petroleum fuels, it also does not cause pollution. This research makes solar electric cars using photovoltaic modules, electric cars and batteries. solar cell is a source of electrical energy to drive a DC motor supplied from batteries / batteries. while the battery is a storage place for electrical energy. The charge controller is a tool that functions to control the process of storing electrical power in the battery, the process of using the battery as a source of supplying electrical loads and monitoring the condition of the battery level during the charging and discharging process. for the operation of electric cars, android is equipped with automatic control of voice commands. The result of this research is a solar-powered electric car model that uses voice commands as a steering wheel.

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Gudapalli, Karuna, Amruth Pasha Md, Sree Ohm Yagateela, Ashish Gongati, Myasar Mundher Adnan, Anandhi R J, Alok Jain i Ashwani Kumar. "Driving sustainability: IoT sensor integration for efficient car AC control". E3S Web of Conferences 507 (2024): 01049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450701049.

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The Car AC Control Using IoT Sensor. The interior temperature of the car rapidly increases mostly during the hot summer months. This paper aims to address the challenge of maintaining a comfortable interior temperature in car, especially during hot summer months. To overcome this problem a mobile application is developed which helps to monitor the temperature in the car by using the Internet of Things (IoT). With this application the AC can be switched ON before getting into the car as the AC controller is linked to the mobile application. To power the system, a lithium-ion battery is used, which is recharged by the conversion of kinetic energy generated by the vehicle's movement, particularly from the wingtips. The intelligent design of air conditioners will ensures the efficient energy consumption with which the battery life can be prolonged. The proposed method will monitor the temperature inside the car.

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Kasatkin, Ivan, Mikle Egorov, Evgeny Kotov i Evgeny Zakhlebaev. "Cooling of a battery pack of a car, working on renewable energy". MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 15003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824515003.

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The aim of the work is to choose a method of a solar car battery cooling. The student engineering team of Peter the Great Petersburg Polytechnic University designs the car. The analysis of the electrical circuit of the battery is carried out, the heat release is estimated due to three factors. According to the conditions of reliable operation of the battery, it is necessary to maintain its temperature range below 45°C, which requires cooling. The paper analyzes the possibilities of liquid, air-cooling, compares the free and forced methods of convective heat transfer. For the normal operating mode of the electric vehicle, environmental temperature at the level up to 38°C, a criterion thermal engineering calculation of the forced air-cooling of the corridor assembly of 405 battery cells providing the required heat dissipation is performed. It is shown that relatively high values of the heat transfer coefficient are provided under turbulent flow conditions characterized by Reynolds criteria above 103. On the basis of an analysis of the steady-state stationary heat-removal regime, it was concluded that an air flow provides a temperature gradient, sufficient for cooling the lithium-ion battery of a Solar Car «Polytech Solar».

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Janunkar, Rajeshwar, Vinod Bhaiswar i Abhijit Dandavate. "Mechanical Design and Tactical Placement Technique of Robust and Reliable Battery Pack for Electric Vehicle- A Review". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2763, nr 1 (1.05.2024): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2763/1/012024.

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Abstract The great sensitivity of lithium-ion battery packs to external factors such pressure, temperature, and dynamic mechanical stresses might result in a potential failure during thermal runaway in an electric car caused by shaking or collision with a car. Enormous electrification of the commercial and public transit industries is hampered, among other things, by concerns about battery pack safety and reliability. In order to solve these problems, this study covers mechanical design elements. Through examples, the paper shows how basic mechanical elements able to incorporated into the design of battery packing to reduce the likelihood of failure and lessen the previously listed safety issues. In addition, the essential elements of a durable The battery pack has been thoroughly examined, and the resources needed to create these elements and satisfy their operational specifications have been determined. A LEAF battery package design example is used to illustrate the strategic battery pack placement technique. Lastly, the fundamental technical design specifications for a durable and dependable battery packing methods are made public by contrasting the disclosed design choices presented in this article with battery pack design.

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Bin-Abdun, Nazih A., Zuradzman Mohamad Razlan, A. B. Shahriman, D. Hazry, Khairunizam Wan, Sazali Yaacob, S. Faiz Ahmed, Abadalsalam T. Hussain i H. Kamaruddin. "The Performance of a Heat Exchanger Designed for Cooling Electric Vehicle Car Battery System by Use Base Fluid and Nano-Fluid". Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (wrzesień 2015): 573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.573.

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This study examines the design of heat exchanger made of copper tube for cooling electric vehicle car battery system and the effects of base fluid and nanofluid (as coolants) channeling inside the heat exchanger to increase heat transfer between the compartment of the electric vehicle car and the heat exchanger and comparison between them. The nanofluid (CuO/pure water) was prepared by dispersing a nanoparticle (CuO) in base fluid (pure water). nanofluid (CuO/pure water) with a nominal diameter of 50 nm at volume concentrations (0.27 Vol. %) at batteries’ compartment temperature was used for these investigations. The analysis showed that secondary cooling system by means of nanofluid (CuO/pure water) has advantages in improving the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient, better from base fluid (pure water) also in Nusselt number. This results work on reducing the electric power loss in the form of thermal energy from batteries. This led to increase in the efficiency of the electric vehicle car battery, hence also improved the performance of the EV car and battery lifetime.

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Suresh, P., R. Arul Surya, V. Hari i S. Vinoth Kumar. "BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE USING IOT". INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, nr 10 (1.10.2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem26476.

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This paper describes the utility of internet-of-things (IoT) in monitoring the overall performance of electric car battery. It is clean that an electric vehicle definitely relies upon at the source of energy from a battery. But, the amount of power supplied to the vehicle is reducing regularly that ends in the performance degradation. That is a chief issue for battery manufacture. On this paintings, the concept of monitoring the overall performance of the car the use of IoT techniques is proposed, in order that the monitoring may be completed at once. The proposed IoT-primarily based battery monitoring device is includes two most important elements i) monitoring device and ii) consumer interface. Primarily based on experimental effects, the gadget is successful to locate degraded battery overall performance and sends notification messages to the person for similarly motion.

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Ragavendiran, R., i P. Amirthalinagm. "Design and CFD Analysis of Electric Car Battery Cooling System". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 4 (30.04.2022): 1720–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41601.

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Abstract: Electric cars are initially developed as an alternative option for existing gas powered car. It also shows good results in both performance and energy utilization. Usage of electric cars are encouraged due to its effect over global warming as there is no emission of harmful gases like CO, CO2, NOX. The electric car is an automobile that is propelled by one or more electric motors, using energy stored in rechargeable batteries. This idea was coined in later 18th century. But it was initiated in 20th century to roll on roads. Even though we use battery as the energy source, we need a cooling system. It isnecessary to ensure the proper dissipation of heat which is emitted from the battery while transmission. Here we discuss about the cooling system of battery in an electric car. We use three different liquids to analyze its effectiveness. Those fluids are Glycol, Fluorinert FC72 and NOVEC7200 (Ethoxy nonaflurobutane). We have designed and drawn the model using CATIA V5 software and analyzed using ANSYS FLUENT software. Then analyzed best Coolant for the battery coolingsystem.

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Chew, K. W., Y. H. Gan i C. K. Leong. "Contour Positioning System - New Traveling Distance Estimation Method for Electric Vehicle". Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (styczeń 2013): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.451.

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Contour Positioning System (CPS) is a new system invented for electric vehicles to calculate the remaining battery capacity for reaching a desired destination. Instead of using conventional electric car estimation in terms of distance, a CPS system can figure out extra energy needed when an electric car is traveling on different contour lines. Extra current will be drawn for generating torque required by the electric car on an inclined plane, for instance traveling uphill. By using coordinate conversion, sets of longitude and latitude readings can be converted into distance difference along the pathway and the elevation levels difference are calculated; the extra force and torque needed along an inclined plane can be further counted which will then lead to the extra current drawn from the electric car's battery pack. Data collections and real-time validations have been done to clarify the calculation results. By performing a series of battery capacity calculation, CPS can give a higher precision and accuracy of remaining battery life to reach the desired location

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Bei, Li, Zhang Di i Lu Lu Du. "New Online Detection Method of State of Charge of Car Batteries". Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (grudzień 2012): 2130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.2130.

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By theoretical analysis and experiment, this article studied the rebound voltage of lead-acid battery when off-lined. By considering elements as discharge rate, depth of discharge, and environment temperature and so on, we experimented and found the relationship between the rebound voltage and the state of charge (SOC) of battery, which provided reliable basis to estimate the SOC of battery by rebound voltage.

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Schedel, Roland. "Hybrid Racing Car with a Lithium-Ion Battery". ATZautotechnology 8, nr 7 (lipiec 2008): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03247064.

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NARITA, Daisuke, Nobuyuki YAMSAZAKI, Makoto KAGATA i Daisuke IWAMA. "415 Utilization of car battery in an emergency". Proceedings of Conference of Hokkaido Branch 2012.51 (2012): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehokkaido.2012.51.139.

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Kirsch, D. A. "MOVIES: TRANSPORTATION: A Battery-Powered Car Run Down". Science 314, nr 5798 (20.10.2006): 424a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1132883.

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Kamnik, Roman, Gregor Rodič, Matjaž Mihelj i Tadej Bajd. "Automation of the car battery lid assembly operation". Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 17, nr 6 (grudzień 2001): 435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0736-5845(01)00017-5.

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Marniati, Yessi, Andri Suyadi, Herman Yani i Sutan Marsus. "Analyses of Battery Usage Characteristic in Electrical Car". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1500 (kwiecień 2020): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1500/1/012008.

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Tran, Vu-Khanh, Sarbajit Paul, Jae-Woon Lee, Jae-Hak Choi, Pil-Wan Han i Yon-Do Chun. "System-Level Consideration and Multiphysics Design of Propulsion Motor for Fully Electrified Battery Powered Car Ferry Propulsion System". Electronics 12, nr 6 (22.03.2023): 1491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12061491.

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The Korean government is facing growing concern over the increasing levels of fine dust. A significant contribution to this problem comes from coastal vessels. To mitigate this, an electric ship propulsion system has been proposed as a solution to reduce air pollution. The application of a fully electric propulsion system in a ship is challenging due to size, capacity limitations, and the cost investment of the battery system. To address the challenges of battery limitation and initial investment costs, the development and supply of removable battery supply systems (RBSSs) for fully electrified battery powered (F-EBP) car ferries are studied. A permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for the F-EBP car ferry using a roll-on/roll-off-type RBSS is developed in this work. Firstly, the concept of the F-EBP car ferry is discussed, and the specifications of the electric car ferry propulsion system are provided. Secondly, motor design and electromagnetic analysis are performed using finite-element analysis (FEA), where the heat sources including copper loss, core loss, and PM loss are calculated. Mechanical loss is also considered. Finally, a thermal network of the motor is built considering the lumped-parameter model. The results of the thermal analysis indicate that the motor operates within the safe region and can perform well in rated working conditions.

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Gómez Vilchez, Jonatan J., i Christian Thiel. "The Effect of Reducing Electric Car Purchase Incentives in the European Union". World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, nr 4 (16.10.2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040064.

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The importance of electric car purchase incentives is starting to be questioned. The objective of this paper is to explore the potential effect of reducing or removing electric car purchase public subsidies in the European Union. To this end, the system dynamics Powertrain Technology Transition Market Agent Model is used. The size and timing of purchase incentives for this technology in European countries are investigated under eight scenarios and sensitivity analysis performed. The simulations suggest that, in the short-run, the electric car market share is higher when the subsidies remain in place. In the medium-run, a purchase subsidy scheme granting €3000 for plug-in hybrid electric cars and €4000 for battery electric cars over the period 2020–2024 yields the fastest electric car market uptake of all the scenarios considered. We conclude that, though the current evolution of the battery price is favorable, electric car purchase subsidies remain an effective policy measure to support electro-mobility in the next years.

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Pawar, Prof Sharad. "Literature Review on Fabrication of Battery-Operated Motorized Screw Jack". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 6 (30.06.2022): 3502–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44691.

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Abstract: Road side emergencies such as tyre punch, is a problem commonly observed in cars. Conventional car jacks uses mechanical advantage to allow a human to lift a vehicle by manual force. This paper is a modification of the current toggle jack by incorporating a servomotor whose motion as well as torque is transmitted via gear trains to the power screw, in order to make load lifting easier for emergency use with the aid of a 12V car battery as power source. Gear ratio is used to increase the lifting power. The significance and purpose of this work is to modify the existing car jack in order to make the operation easier, safer and more reliable in order to save individual internal energy and reduce health risks especially back ache problems associated with doing work in a bent or squatting position for a long period of time. Fabrication work has been done using milling, drilling, grinding, and welding machines. The developed car jack is tested on 1400kg Toyota Camry car. Loads were increased at intervals of 50 Kg using bags of cement and it was observed that, deformation of threads began at loads beyond 1550 Kg. this implies that, the electric powered jack mechanism is capable of liftingvehicles with maximum load of 1550 Kg.

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S. Deivasigamani. "Estimating the Optimal State of Charge for Electric Car Batteries Using an Extended Kalman Filter". Journal of Electrical Systems 20, nr 6s (29.04.2024): 1352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.2898.

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The efficient management of battery state of charge (SOC) is crucial for maximizing the performance, range, and longevity of electric vehicle (EV) batteries. This paper presents a novel approach for estimating the optimal state of charge of electric car batteries using an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The EKF is a recursive algorithm that combines measurements from various sensors with a dynamic battery model to estimate the current SOC and predict future SOC values with high accuracy. The paper provides a detailed explanation of the EKF algorithm and its application to battery SOC estimation, highlighting its ability to handle nonlinearities, uncertainties, and measurement noise inherent in battery systems. Furthermore, this research presents a simulation-based validation of the proposed EKF approach using real-world driving data from electric vehicles. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the EKF algorithm in accurately estimating the SOC of electric car batteries under various operating conditions, including different driving patterns, temperatures, and battery degradation scenarios.

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Kovárník, Richard, i Michaela Staňková. "Determinants of Electric Car Sales in Europe". LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics 12, nr 1 (1.01.2021): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logi-2021-0020.

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Abstract This article deals with determining statistically significant factors affecting the sale of battery electric vehicles in different European countries. Typical representative countries were selected on the basis of cluster analysis. The input data for multiple regression models and vector autoregressive models include data for the last decade and thus essentially cover the complete history of the electric car market. Attention is paid not only to the European leader but also to countries with a lower share of electric cars. The results of this study show the existence of a common factor in the countries with different development trends in the battery electric vehicle market. However, differences among individual countries are generally so significant that the identified factors vary from country to country.

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Skiauteris, Jonas, i Arvaidas Martinkus. "Electric cars in Lithuania – present and future". Applied Scientific Research 2, nr 2 (3.10.2023): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.56131/tmt.2023.2.2.175.

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The article reviews electric cars, their various types and their structural features, analyzes the market of electric cars in Lithuania and its prospects. The existing electric vehicle infrastructure is evaluated, and development plans for the network of charging stations for public and semi-public use of electric vehicles are presented. The characteristics of electric car public charging stations and private to use charging stations are presented. Battery packs used in electric cars, battery charging modes and possibilities are analyzed. The impact of state promotion measures and new, advanced technologies on the development of electric cars is evaluated. Conclusions are presented at the end of the article. Keywords: electric car, infrastructure, charging stations, battery pack.

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Song, Fei, Maosong Wan, Fude Duan i Huibo Wu. "Lightweight Design and Test of Electric Experimental Car". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2185, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2185/1/012046.

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Abstract A light-weight electric experimental vehicle is designed. According to the light-weight design requirements, the power battery, the battery manager and the driving Motor controller are designed and selected, the chassis frame, anti-rolling frame, steering system and driving system are designed and validated with CAD and CAE software respectively. On this basis, we have carried out the production, assembly and commissioning of the real vehicle. The test results show that the electric experimental vehicle has high practical value and can meet the requirements of experimental teaching. It is worthy of further study, performance optimization and application.

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Beránková, Petra, Karl-Werner Schramm, Martin Bláha, Jan Rosmus i Pavel Čupr. "The Effects of Sediments Burdened by Sewerage Water Originating in Car Batteries Production in the Klenice River (CZ)". Acta Veterinaria Brno 78, nr 3 (2009): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200978030535.

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The aim of this work was to perform tests of genotoxicity and toxicity on samples of riverine sediments from a location subject to motor industry load (car battery production). Together with sediment samples we also collected benthos, biofilm and juvenile fish. Concentration of lead was established in all the samples since the sewage waters discharged from the car battery production plant are heavily polluted with lead. Genotoxicity was tested with two tests of genotoxicity: the SOS chromotest and the Escherichia coli WP2 test. The toxicity of sediments was tested with a test of toxicity performed on a water crustacean Daphnia magna. A profound toxic influence upon benthic organisms was found; a consequence of the river pollution with waste water and flush water from the car battery production plant. This toxic effect was also proven by an aqueous leach from the test performed with Daphnia magna. Both tests of genotoxicity proved a significant genotoxic potential of the sediment samples linked with the growth of the concentration of lead in the sediments (up to 647 mg kg-1). The content of lead also increased in the biofilm (up to 3.37 mg kg-1 of dry mass) as well as in the fish bodies (up to 804.5 mg kg-1 of dry mass). This thesis is the first study of the load imposed on this river as a consequence of the waste water and flush water discharge from the motor industry production plant (car battery production).

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Shevchuk, M. Ya, I. V. Hlad, Ya V. Batsala i O. I. Kiianiuk. "IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR ROAD TRANSPORT". METHODS AND DEVICES OF QUALITY CONTROL, nr 2(43) (24.12.2019): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9981-2019-2(43)-59-67.

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This paper presents the reasons for the increased level of automobile accumulators are given, the design of the start-charging device of increased reliability is considered. The most damaged nodes of the system of electrical equipment of motor vehicles are listed, the differentiation of elements from the standpoint of their structural reliability is shown, ways of increasing the reliability of the elements of the electrical equipment system are determined. It is shown that the main reasons for finding optimal modes of operation of vehicles electrical equipment are the economic factor, the impact on the environment, the need to reduce the dependence on the constant rise in price of petroleum products. Car lead acid batteries are starter batteries, that is, they do not involve deep discharge. As a result of the deep discharge of the battery on its plates, the phenomenon of sulfitation and shedding of the active mass. The longer the battery is discharged, the more active it becomes and the starter current decreases. Therefore, the issue of regular recharging of the battery and guaranteed starting of the internal combustion engine with a discharged battery is urgent. It is established that the causes of rapid discharge of the battery or reduction of its capacity may be the deviation of the electrolyte density from the recommended value, the sulfation of the plates and the shedding of their active mass, malfunction of the vehicle electrical equipment. Most serial chargers are not designed for starting a car engine, and specially designed models have a high price. The complexity and considerable volume of work on researching and predicting the reliability of the car electrical system requires the efforts of specialists, as well as the coordination and coordination of their activities by developing methodological recommendations first to address partial and then general issues of the problem. It is shown that quantitative indicators of the reliability of each element included in the system are of great importance when addressing issues related to the organization of maintenance, the establishment of overhaul terms and repair volumes of the car electrical system. The developed charger will reduce the time spent on starting the car engine during the cold period, as well as significantly increase the battery life due to its full charge.

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Wang, Anrui. "Real-time monitoring software for electric vehicle battery power based on WeChat applet". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2083, nr 2 (1.11.2021): 022053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2083/2/022053.

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Abstract Batteries are an important part of contemporary automobiles. With the increase in the output of family cars and the development of science and technology, the demand for batteries in the automotive market is increasing rapidly. A major problem with existing car batteries is that it is difficult for users to obtain information about the current battery power in real time, especially when driving away from vehicles and cars, there are huge safety hazards; therefore, a real-time monitoring of car battery power is researched. The system has important practical significance.

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