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凌綽姿 i Cheuk-chi Ling. "Evidence-based pain education programme for cancer patients with pain". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43251365.
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Engler, Jennifer [Verfasser]. "Cancer Care and Cancer Patients’ Experiences with Cancer / Jennifer Engler". Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1180994191/34.
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Dulude, Alexandra. "CANCER PATIENT ATTITUDES TOWARDS INFLUENZA VACCINATION AND THE PREVALENCE OF VACCINATION IN CANCER PATIENTS". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/528169.
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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.Introduction: Thousands of people die from influenza or its complications each year despite the fact that it is one of the few vaccine preventable diseases. Immunocompromised cancer patients are among the most vulnerable to this infection and flu‐related complications, and therefore vaccination is highly recommended in these patients; however, current vaccination rates and attitudes towards vaccination remain unknown. We hypothesize that immunization rates are lower than the 100% recommendation rate, and hope to understand the reasoning behind the discrepancy. The purpose of this study is to assess cancer patient attitudes towards influenza vaccination in an effort to minimize barriers to vaccination and eventually increase vaccination rates in this immunocompromised population. Methods: Cancer patients enrolled in phase I clinical oncology trials at the Virginia G Piper Cancer Center at Scottsdale Healthcare were invited to participate in a voluntary survey. The 15‐item survey consisted of demographic information, knowledge regarding the flu vaccine, vaccination status after cancer diagnosis and while on treatment, and general attitudes towards vaccination. A total of 84 cancer patients completed the survey. Results were stratified by age, gender, education level, and vaccination status. As this was a descriptive study, no statistical analyses were performed. Results: A total of 84 (n=84) advanced cancer patients enrolled in phase I clinical oncology trials completed the survey. Results indicate that although 71% of patients received the vaccine prior to cancer diagnosis, only 58% of patients have received the vaccine since their cancer diagnosis, and only 48% have been vaccinated while on cancer treatment. Of those vaccinated since cancer diagnosis, 94% reported doctor recommendation of the vaccine and most vaccinate to protect themselves from the virus. Of those not vaccinated since cancer diagnosis, only 37% report their doctor recommends the vaccine and the majority avoid vaccination because they believe the vaccine can cause the flu, they do not feel at risk of infection, and they do not believe the vaccine is effective. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that although the CDC strongly recommends influenza vaccination in cancer patients due to the risk of secondary complications and even death in these immunocompromised individuals, vaccination rates remain low. Our data demonstrates that patients who receive a doctor recommendation for the vaccine are more likely to be vaccinated, but not all doctors recommend the vaccine. Furthermore, false information regarding the vaccine, its efficacy, and its ability to cause infection continues to deter patients from vaccination. Together, this information offers profound insight into the cancer patient population and suggests the need for increased physician and patient education regarding the benefits of annual influenza vaccination to improve vaccination rates and decrease influenza infection and complications in the future.
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Crabtree, Melody A. "Self reported effect of patient education on stress and decision making in newly diagnosed cancer patients". Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1191706.
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Educational programs covering the technical, treatment and emotional aspects of a cancer diagnosis have been shown to reduce anxiety levels, boost compliance with treatment regimens and improve survival rates. This study was designed to evaluate whether newly diagnosed cancer patients, after reviewing an educational intervention, felt they experienced decreased stress levels and more informed decision making ability. A descriptive, evaluative study was designed. Seventy-five newly diagnosed cancer patient's evaluation forms were examined. Responses were reviewed to see if these patients placed an important versus unimportant value on the individual components of an educational packet. Their responses were tallied and the results showed that an overwhelming majority of the patients felt that the packet components were important in helping them feel decreased stress levels and more informed in their decision making regarding their diagnosis of cancer. It was also determined that the majority of patients felt that the packet components were easy to understand.Department of Physiology and Health Science
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Matheson, Karen Ann. "Learning needs of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy : patient, nurse, and physician perceptions". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26133.
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Accurate assessment of educational needs is central to the planning of effective patient education programs. Adult learning theory holds that the more agreement that exists in the educator's and the learner's assessment of learning needs, the higher the probability that effective learning will occur. This descriptive survey was carried out to compare the learning needs of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy as perceived by three groups involved in patient education: nurses, physicians, and patients themselves.
Using the Assessment of Learning Needs Questionnaire (ALNQ) developed by Lauer, Murphy, and Powers (1982) and demographic data questionnaires developed by the researcher, the perceptions of patients' learning needs held by a convenience sample of 20 lymphoma patients, 24 nurses, and ten physicians were studied. Responses to the rating and ranking scales of the ALNQ were analyzed using nonparametric statistical techniques to determine the existence and location of differences in perceptions among the three groups. General comments about patient education and the ALNQ were gathered from the patient group in an interview setting and from the two care giver groups through responses to two open-ended questionnaire items.
Findings revealed that the learning needs of patients undergoing chemotherapy tend to focus on concerns related to the treatment experience, and the knowledge and skills required to cope with the impact of the disease and treatment on their lives. Patients described themselves as most knowledgeable in areas relating to life experience, rather than disease or treatment related areas, and were oriented to survival in their learning needs. The three groups demonstrated considerable similarity in their perceptions of areas problematic to patients and areas in which patients have the most knowledge. However, despite presumed knowledge and expertise in dealing with the concerns of chemotherapy patients, nurses' and physicians' perceptions of patients' learning needs differed from those held by patients. The care givers perceived patients to be more concerned with learning needs related to activities of daily living than patients reported. Implications for nursing practice and education are suggested, and recommendations made for further study.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Hellbom, Maria. "Individual Support for Cancer Patients : Effects, Patient Satisfaction and Utilisation". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5183-7/.
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OLSSON, MILLA, i CAROLINE ROSELL. "Telemedicine for Lung Cancer Patients". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-136951.
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Den svenska sjukvården står idag för ett antal utmaningar om den skall fortsatt kunna erbjuda god service som vårdgivare och vara attraktiv som arbetsgivare. Bland annat diskuteras frågor som förvärrad platsbrist, läkarbrist samt avstånd till specialistsjukvård. På Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset i Solna ligger Radiumhemmet och där behandlas bland annat lungcancerpatienter. Där diskuteras huruvida telemedicin kan vara en möjlig väg för att lösa ovanstående problem. Denna uppsats utreder på vilket sätt telemedicin kan användas på Radiumhemmet för lungcancerpatienter. För att kunna utreda en telemedicinsk lösnings möjligheter på Radiumhemmet genomfördes intervjuer och fokusgrupper med personalen. Externa experter från sjukvården och industri intervjuades och ett besök gjordes på barnsjukhuset Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta, USA, där man har kommit långt i användningen av telemedicin. Det finns delar av verksamheten på Radiumhemmet där telemedicin skulle kunna bidra till att skapa möjligheter till en tätare kontakt mellan patient och vårdpersonal. Detta i syfte att lugna oroliga patienter och hjälpa till med lättare symptombedömningar och på så sätt minska väntetiderna. Genom de undersökningar som utfördes upptäcktes dock även svagheter i en telemedicinsk lösning avsedd för lungcancerpatienter. Patientgruppen ofta är äldre med liten erfarenhet av datorer och sjukdomen är allvarlig. Det krävs personlig kontakt och fysiska undersökningar, men i vilken utsträckning är individuellt. Telemedicin kanske inte kan ses som en absolut lösning för de problem som råder i sjukvården idag när det kommer till lungcancerpatienter, men väl som ett komplement. Om lungcancerpatienter är den optimala målgruppen är ifrågasättbart men att telemedicin kan underlätta i den svenska sjukvården står klart.Nowadays the health care system in Sweden is faced with several challenges like shortage of space, physicians and long distances to specialized health care. A possible solution for this being discussed at the lung cancer department of Karolinska University 2 Hospital is the use of telemedicine. If implemented it would be part of the followup treatment. The objective of our research is to find out if this technology can help improve the health care. In order to investigate the opportunity for a telemedicine solution, we collected qualitative data from multiple different sources. This included two doctors specialized in lung cancer, and a focus group with nurses from Radiumhemmet. We also conducted interviews with relevant individuals outside the hospital including Nirav Desai who is the Founder and CEO of Hands On Telehealth; furthermore, we visited the Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta based in Atlanta, Georgia where telemedicine is used on a daily basis. Thanks to the carried out research, we have discovered that telemedicine could be used in certain scenarios and contribute towards a more frequent contact between the patient and the medical professionals. Thus, this new technique could help nurses execute lighter symptoms assessment remotely and reduce waiting times. We also discovered some inconveniences in a telemedicine solution designed for lung cancer patients. We personally do not think they are the best target group for such a solution since the patients are mostly the elderly with little computer experience. Also the disease is severe and requires physical examinations where the telemedicine existing today would not improve the care giving. To all intents and purposes, telemedicine might not be the only and ultimate solution for the problems identified within healthcare for lung cancer patients at Radiumhemmet, but it can work well as a supplement. 3
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Fredrix, Elisabeth Wilhelmina Hubertina Maria. "Energy metabolism in cancer patients". Maastricht : Maastricht : Datawyse ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1990. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5567.
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Kaur, Jasmine. "Preventative Vaccine for Cancer patients". Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/413312.
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Cancer is an age-old disease and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. It starts with the development of abnormal cells that multiply to form tumours and may lead to metastasis causing damage to healthy tissues and organs of the body. Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer with significant morbidity and mortality globally and is of major concern for the society. Decades of research and innovation in the treatment of cancer led to the development of certain conventional therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy that are being effectively used. However, these traditional therapies have a disadvantage of destroying healthy cells and tissues in its close proximity, leading to other severe diseases and side effects. Therefore, a much-advanced approach to treat cancer without causing severe side effects became an important area of research. Improvements in the field of anti-cancer therapies led to a strategy to combine traditional treatment approaches to destroy cancer cells. Additionally, treatments such as targeted therapies, hormone therapy, and precision medicine came into existence. Alternatively, the immune system was analysed to determine an effective approach that could control proliferation of cancer cells and cause limited or no damage to other cells. This area of cancer therapeutics, known as immunotherapy, targets the immune system to enhance its ability of recognizing invasive neoplasms. Our immune system in response to an infection immediately activates immune cells, creating a protective immunity for decades. Unfortunately, this immune response often fails when fighting against cancer and is unable to entirely eliminate tumour cells or develop effective immunity. Cancer vaccines, a branch of immunotherapy that has potential therapeutic benefits can build immunity and ultimately lead to prevention from future illness. These have been employed to treat the disease using tumour associated antigens and various adjuvants or immune stimulators and only a few have been in clinical trials. The potential of such cancer vaccines can be exploited to further develop treatment strategies to prevent tumour occurrence and provide long-lasting immunity. This study was designed to primarily explore the potential of a novel immune stimulator, RNA:DNA hybrid and an established TLR9 agonist, CpG 7909. Furthermore, these agonists were used to develop a preventative cancer vaccine in association with a tumour associated carbohydrate antigen, Globo-H to determine whether the novel formulation could improve immune response and trigger antigen presentation in vitro and in vivo. In an in vivo setting, these were also investigated against lung cancer to determine their potential in preventing tumour occurrence. Within this study RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages were initially exposed to varying concentrations of CpG 7909, RNA:DNA hybrid, and Globo-H to determine the optimum dose concentration for the activation of antigen presenting cells by measuring the level of TNF-α secreted in cell culture supernatant. Following dose optimization, the individual agents were combined in a vaccine formulation, sharing the same antigen, where two cell lines, mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages and human monocytic cell line, THP-1 that was differentiated into macrophages and dendritic cells were exposed to the vaccines. TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-6 cytokine response was analysed as measured by ELISA and real-time PCR that were determined to be partially significant in response to the vaccines. The degree of immune response demonstrated by RNA:DNA hybrid-based vaccine (HG-Vax) confirmed that HG-Vax is more effective than CpG 7909-based vaccine (CG-Vax). This response was further analysed in an in vivo model where C57/BL mice were exposed to immune stimulators and vaccines separately for 14- and 28-days before end point termination. Serum was analysed for IL-12 and TNF-α to determine the level of inflammatory response. Even though statistical significance was not achieved in vivo, contrasting observations compared to the in vitro model were exhibited. Secretion of IL-12 in animals confirmed the induction of an anti-tumour immune response. Interestingly, cytokines induced by single dose CG-Vax persisted for a longer period of time in blood in comparison to HG-Vax. However, opposite was true with the booster immunization. In animal model of lung cancer, statistical significance validates that booster immunization with HG-Vax triggers an immune response and upregulates MHC II expression. Unfortunately, CG-Vax did not induce a significant immune response and failed to induce MHC II expression in an in vivo model of lung cancer. Although these findings present RNA:DNA hybrid to be a novel immune stimulator that may have the potential to be used in future cancer vaccinations, further investigation on its immunological potential and mechanism of action remains of need.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Pharmacy & Med Sci
Griffith Health
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Soerjomataram, Isabelle. "Multiple primary cancers in patients with breast ans skin cancer". [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/10779.
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Westfall, Lee Lucia. "The effects of a structured patient education program on adaptation to cancer". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276581.
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This study examined changes in adult learning, adaptation, and anxiety that occurred as the result of the adult cancer education program "I Can Cope." The study utilized a repeated measures descriptive design. A volunteer sample of 19 subjects participated in this study. Changes in each person's pre-mid-post-test scores were measured against their pre-mid-post-test scores on three instruments: (a) Course Inquiry Test; (b) Purpose in Life Test; and (c) A-State Anxiety Inventory. A comparison of scores measured whether any short-term adult learning, adaptation and change in anxiety occurred as a result of the "I Can Cope" Program. The study did demonstrate that an organized adult patient education program could foster and enhance adult learning and adaptation as well as influence anxiety of participants.
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Malkin, Lisa Sohl. "Patients' and significant others' satisfaction with nursing activities in oncology ambulatory settings". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558093.
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Zucchero, Renee A. "Marital adjustment of older adult couples with breast cancer, prostate cancer, and couples without cancer". Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1117099.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the marital adjustment of older adult couples with breast cancer, prostate cancer, and couples who have experienced neither. Participants were 64 couples in which at least one of the spouses was over 55 years of age, including 19 breast cancer couples, 20 prostate cancer couples, 25 couples who had experienced neither of these cancers. Most participants were young-old, Protestant, Caucasians from a high socioeconomic class. The breast cancer and prostate cancer participants had completed treatment an average of 39.5 months prior to participation. The methodology was a mail survey. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire for Older Adults (MSQFOP) (Haynes et al., 1992), Primary Communication Inventory (PCI) (Navran, 1967), Miller Social Intimacy Scale (MSIS) (Miller & Lefcourt, 1982), and the Index of Sexual Satisfaction (ISS) (Hudson et al., 1981).There were no differences in the amount of discordance between the couples groups' level of marital satisfaction, communication, intimacy, and sexual satisfaction. In addition, there were no differences in the level of marital satisfaction, communication, intimacy, and sexual satisfaction between the participant groups. There was a significantly greater correlation between the prostate cancer couples' scores on the ISS than the correlation between the breast cancer couples' scores and the scores of the couples who had not experienced breast cancer or prostate cancer.The level of marital satisfaction, communication, intimacy, and sexual satisfaction reported was similar to that of the normative samples. There was no difference between the marital adjustment of the cancer couples and older couples who had experienced neither type of cancer. These results are good news for breast and prostate cancer survivors, and professionals. Older adults may be better able to incorporate the experience of cancer into their lives or are better prepared for chronic illness through anticipatory socialization. The high degree of agreement between the prostate cancer spouses on the ISS may be related to the sexual dysfunction that frequently accompanies treatment for this cancer. Future research should be qualitative and longitudinal and continue to explore the psychosocial implications of prostate cancer.Center for Gerontology
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McMenamin, Úna. "Pharmacological exposures, cancer treatments and disease progression among cancer patients". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679267.
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The evidence base for the effect of common pharmacological exposures among patients diagnosed with cancer is sparse. Routinely collected health data however, can facilitate the conduct of pharmacoepidemiological research into cancer care and outcomes. This PhD study comprised (i) a systematic review of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use and cancer progression and survival; (ii) a systematic review and meta-analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and colorectal cancer outcomes; (iii) a nested-case control study of ACEI and ARB use and risk of breast cancer mortality; (iv) a nested-case control study of ACEI and ARB use and risk of prostate cancer mortality and; (v) an overview of cancer treatments received among women, recently diagnosed with breast cancer in Northern Ireland. Individual studies identified within the first systematic review showed inconsistencies with respect to the association between ACEls/ARBs and cancer outcomes and following on from this, findings from two large population-based studies indicated little evidence of a beneficial association between ACEI or ARB use and breast and prostate cancer mortality outcomes, respectively, although a possible protective association was noted for ACEls and risk of prostate cancer mortality. Similarly, there was limited evidence to suggest an association between NSAID use and clinical outcomes from colorectal cancer, based on findings from the second systematic review and meta-analysis. Using data sources from within the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, a retrospective population-based dataset of breast cancer patients, recently diagnosed in Northern Ireland was constructed. Cancer treatments were deemed appropriate and particular attention was given to adjuvant systemic therapies (including chemotherapy and hormone therapy). This dataset will enable future data linkage with dispensed medication records. Considering the frequency with which ACEls, ARBs, as well as NSAIDs are prescribed, further research into cancer outcomes with respect to these agents is warranted.
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Wolfman, Jessica Heather Kloss Jacqueline D. "Cancer specific stress and insomnia severity among breast cancer patients /". Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3024.
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Radu, Calin. "Optimising Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer Patients". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Enheten för onkologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-172531.
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Rectal cancer is the eight most common cancer diagnosis in Sweden in both men and women, with almost 2000 new cases per year. Radiotherapy, which is an important treatment modality for rectal cancer, has evolved during the past decades. Diagnostic tools have also improved, allowing better staging and offering information used to make well-founded decisions in multidisciplinary team conferences. In a retrospective study (n=46) with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients, unfit for chemoradiotherapy, patients were treated with short-course radiotherapy. Delayed surgery was done when possible. Radical surgery was possible in 89% of the patients who underwent surgery (80%). Grade IV diarrhoea affected three elderly patients. Target radiation volume should be reduced in elderly or metastatic patients. In a prospective study (n=68) with LARC patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 2-18F-fluoro-2-D-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) were used to determine if FDG-PET could provide extra treatment information. Information from FDG-PET changed the stage of 10 patients. Delineation with FDG-PET generally resulted in smaller target volumes than MRI only. Seven of the most advanced LARC patients in the above cohort were used for a methodological study to determine if dose escalation to peripheral, non-resectable regions was feasible. Simultaneous integrated boost plans with photons and protons were evaluated. While toxicity was acceptable in five patients with both protons and photons, two patients with very large tumours had unacceptable risk for intestinal toxicity regardless of modality. In the interim analysis of the Stockholm III Trial (n=303, studying radiotherapy-fractionation and timing of surgery in relation to radiotherapy) compliance was acceptable and severe acute toxicity was infrequent, irrespective of fractionation. Short-course radiotherapy with immediate surgery tended to give more postoperative complications, but only if surgery was delayed more than 10 days after the start of radiotherapy. Quality-of-life in the Stockholm III Trial was studied before, during and shortly after treatment using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and CR38 questionnaires. Surgery accounted for more adverse effects than radiotherapy in all groups. Postoperatively, the poorest quality-of-life was seen in patients given short-course radiotherapy followed by immediate surgery. No postoperative differences were seen between the two groups with delayed surgery.
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Nna, Emmanuel Okechukwu. "Molecular profiling of prostate cancer patients". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2009. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4527.
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In the UK, more than 30 000 men are diagnosed annually with prostate cancer (PCa) and about 10 000 men die from it each year. Although several molecular markers have been associated with prostate cancer development and/ or progression, only few of them are used in diagnostic pathology. The current standard tests include serum PSA test, digital rectal examination and histology of prostate biopsy. Recently the PCA-3 molecular test was approved in the European Union, and it is now used in many laboratories. But these tests are not sufficient to molecularly characterise the behaviour of prostate cancer in many patients. Through extensive literature review, a panel of sixteen molecular markers were selected for further evaluation in prostate cancer cases. They included KLK2, KLK3, MCM2, MCM5, TP53, Bcl-2, CD44, CDH1, AURKA, AURKB, and AURKC; ESR , ESR , AR, FASN, TMPRSS2: ERG, and TMPRSS2:ETV1. The aim was to examine the link between development/progression of prostate cancer and the production of diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers. An in vitro model consisting of PC-3 and PNTIA, MDA PCa 2b prostate cell lines were used to investigate the influence of steroid hormones on these biomarkers using molecular and proteomic techniques. All the three cell lines expressed AR, ESR , ESR and PSA at mRNA and protein levels. The AR expressed in PC-3 and MDA PCA 2b cells was 60 kDa while the PNT1A expressed a 90 kDa AR protein. The ESR was over-expressed in the MDA PCA 2b cells, and was also significantly up-regulated by 17 oestradiol treatment. At a concentration of 4.92 and 33.96μM 17 oestradiol inhibited the growth of 10 to 50% of PNT1A cell line and increased the doubling time three folds. Although the PC-3 cells expressed AR, it was still androgen insensitive and could not produce PSA in culture supernatants. AR and PSA were up-regulated in PNT1A cells in response to testosterone and dihydrotesterone treatment but were reduced in response to 17 oestradiol and Hydrocortisone treatment. All the molecular markers except the TMPRSS2: ERG and TMPRSS2:ETV1 were expressed in the cell lines. The MCM2 and MCM5 were not differentially expressed in response to hormonal treatment. However, the Aurora kinases A, B and C were up-regulated in response to steroid modulation. The KLK2 was only up-regulated by the androgens. Three candidate control genes: ABL1, GUS and G6PD were also evaluated in the cell lines and clinical samples; the ABL1 gene emerged as the most stably expressed house keeping gene and was subsequently used in the normalization of real time PCR assays (RQ-PCR). Analysis of the sixteen biomarkers in prostate tissues and exfoliated urine cells of benign, prostate cancer and non-involved cases (n = 228) showed that seven of the molecular markers were significantly strongly associated with prostate cancer progression (P<0.05). The Aurora kinases A and B were consistently significantly over-expressed in prostate cancer cases. The CD44 was also over-expressed in prostate cancer, and was associated with Gleason score. The TMPRSS2 fusion genes were detected in 15.6% of the prostate cancer cases. The TP53 was also over-expressed in prostate cancer, and significantly associated with tumour grade. The ESR was over-expressed in prostate cancer, and was significantly associated with high tumour grade. This implied a proliferative role for the ESR in prostate cancer progression, because the ESR was not differentially expressed among the sample groups. Concomitantly, the AR was also over-expressed in same pattern with ESR . The combination of these biomarkers: AR, ESR , CD44, TP53, TMPRSS2 fusion genes, AURKA and AURKB could molecularly characterise most prostate cancers. Therefore 2 sets of pentaplex RQ-PCR assays including ABL1 for normalization would provide a cost-effective, flexibly high throughput assay for molecular grading of tissue sections in diagnostic pathology. In addition to the gene expression studies, the genetic variation in KLK2 gene was further investigated by direct DNA sequencing, pyrosequencing and TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Two SNPs in the gene were found significantly associated with prostate diseases. The T/T allele of rs198977 predicted the presence of prostate cancer at biopsy and was associated with high tumour grade. The A/A variant of rs2664155 was also significantly associated with the presence of benign nodular hyperplasia. The combination of gene expression and genetic variation using real time PCR applications would provide an accurate, reproducible and cheap method for molecular profiling of prostate cancer patients. An exploratory study of organic volatiles in urine of one prostate cancer patient and eight BPH patients using thermal desorption GC-MS showed that Ethanethiol, Dimethyl sulfide, Propyn-1-ol acetate, Nitro-2-propanone, pentane, Hydrazine and Nitrous oxide were differentially over-expressed in the prostate cancer patient compared to the benign cases. Further studies would be required to rule out possible contamination and drug metabolites.
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Viganó, Antonio Angelo Luciano. "Survival predictors in advanced cancer patients". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0007/MQ28996.pdf.
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Persson, Christina. "Improved Nutritional Support in Cancer Patients". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2002. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5218-3/.
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Chan, Chun-wai Raymond. "Bereavement of spouses of cancer patients". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29726694.
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Dhanbhoora, Khushnud A. "Spousal communication among patients with cancer". Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1364940.
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Using primarily grounded theory methodology, the purpose of this study was to understand how the experience of cancer affects communication patterns in married couples where one spouse has been diagnosed with cancer. Nine couples, five in which women were diagnosed with cancer and four in which men were diagnosed with cancer, were interviewed individually. They were asked questions pertaining to changes in their relationship and communication patterns since the diagnosis of cancer. Potential barriers and facilitators to communication were explored. Additionally, gender differences that could play a role in these marital communication patterns were examined. Participants were also administered a measure of mood states, the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and, a measure of family cohesion, flexibility and communication, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale-version IV (FACES IV). Findings from both qualitative and quantitative methods were triangulated.Information gathered from the interviews generated eight themes: initial reactions to diagnosis, the experience of cancer, coping strategies, impact of cancer on the spousal relationship, spousal communication prior to cancer, spousal communication since the diagnosis of cancer, barriers to communication, and impact of gender and gender role on communication and adjustment. These categories and their subcategories generated an integrated grounded theory on the dimensions of communication. The theory consisted of three interactive elements: facilitators of communication, barriers to communication and the role of gender.Findings from this study confirmed existing trends in the current literature on communication among couples facing cancer. Results demonstrated that the experienceof cancer and its treatment brought couples closer to each other, where they experienced increased intimacy and communication with their spouses. There were several factors that facilitated these changes. On the other hand, barriers to communication were also identified; however, some of these barriers also served as coping strategies for participants. Furthermore, although there were differences and similarities noted among men and women in the study, results highlighted the importance of viewing them within the context of each participant's role as a patient and a caregiver, and not merely as a result of gender.Several research and practice implications are presented. Results of this study can help health care and mental health professionals gain a better understanding of the needs of cancer patients and their families. Couples and families can also benefit from an awareness of specific facilitators and barriers to communication.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Blackwelder, Reid B. "Integrative Approaches to Patients with Cancer". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6987.
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Vittatoe, Danielle S., i L. Lee Glenn. "Effects of Telemonitoring in Cancer Patients". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7473.
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Motenko, Jill Swartwout. "The Spiritual Quests of Cancer Patients". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1329323769.
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Allen, Denise M. "Future orientation of adolescent cancer patients /". The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487758178237076.
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Rattican, Debra. "Symptom Clusters in Lung Cancer Patients". VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/352.
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SYMPTOM CLUSTERS IN LUNG CANCER PATIENTS By Debra Rattican, PhD, RN A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2012 Major Director: Debra E. Lyon, PhD. Professor and Chair Family and Community Health Nursing The purpose of the study was to examine selected relationships among symptoms common to individuals with lung cancer. The specific aims were: 1) To examine the relationship between the symptoms of dyspnea and anxiety in patients with lung cancer. 2) To examine the relationships among the symptoms of dyspnea, anxiety, and symptom cluster components (depressive symptoms, fatigue, pain) in patients with lung cancer. 3) To examine the correlation between functional ability and quality of life in patients with lung cancer. 4) To explore the relationships among the symptoms of dyspnea, anxiety, and symptom cluster components (depressive symptoms, fatigue, pain) in patients with lung cancer and patients’ functional ability. 5) To explore the relationships among the symptoms of dyspnea, anxiety, and symptom cluster components (depressive symptoms, fatigue, pain) in patients with lung cancer and patients’ quality of life. Data were gathered through online survey and analyzed using descriptive, correlation, principal component analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and forward stepwise regression techniques. A strong positive correlation was found between dyspnea and anxiety (both anxiety in general and anxiety at the time the survey was completed. While results of this study cannot provide conclusive evidence of the existence of a symptom cluster composed of depressive symptoms, fatigue, and pain, the results are consistent with other studies in this area. Significant positive correlations among these three symptoms indicate that this is a possible symptom cluster experienced by lung cancer patients in general. This study provides preliminary data on how these symptoms are related and how they affect functional ability, or the ability to perform routine activities of daily living (ADLS) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLS), and quality of life in patients with lung cancer. Further study is needed on to better understand the symptom experience of these individuals in order to develop robust interventions targeting effective symptom management.
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Pietrucin-Materek, Marta. "Patients' preferences for cancer follow-up". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=223919.
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Introduction As a result of the growing and ageing population in developed countries, improved cancer detection and advances in cancer treatments, there are more people living with cancer for longer. The rising number of cancer survivors and increasing demand for oncology services, has sparked interest in alternative ways of delivering cancer follow-up care. Although a number of alternative cancer follow-up strategies have been developed, information about the relative importance of different characteristics of follow-up and how people trade between these characteristics is still limited. Aims and objectives The overall aim of the thesis was to understand what characteristics (called attributes and levels) of cancer follow-up services are important to survivors of cutaneous melanoma, breast, prostate and colorectal cancer; whether people make trade-offs between these characteristics; and whether survivors of different cancers with different personal characteristics express different preferences for cancer follow-up care. The aim was met by a number of objectives: •To conduct a review of the literature to gather information about characteristics of follow-up that are important to people. • To conduct semi-structured qualitative interviews with cancer survivors living in North East Scotland, to determine their views of current care and preferences for future cancer follow-up. • Based on the findings from the literature and semi-structured interviews, to determine characteristics (attributes and levels) of cancer follow-up services for inclusion in a discrete choice experiment. • To develop and carry out a discrete choice experiment to establish the relative importance of a number of attributes of cancer follow-up amongst cancer survivors treated and followed up for cutaneous melanoma, breast, prostate and colorectal cancer.
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Dasch, Kimberly B. "Affective differentiation in breast cancer patients". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 70 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885670961&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Ku, Wai-yin Ellen, i 顧慧賢. "An exploration of the communication needs of cancer patients". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4389415X.
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Fröjd, Camilla. "Cancer patients' satisfaction with doctors' care : consequences and contributing conditions /". Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [ditributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8267.
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Ku, Wai-yin Ellen. "An exploration of the communication needs of cancer patients". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22078988.
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Cheung, Him-chun Horace, i 張謙俊. "The impact of POSSUM score on long-term outcome of patients with colorectal cancer". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45160752.
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Scheer, Adena Sarah. "The Development of a Patient Decision Aid for Patients with Rectal Cancer". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19955.
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Context: Rectal cancer treatment decisions involve tradeoffs between outcomes like living with a permanent stoma versus long-term bowel dysfunction. The needs of rectal cancer patients and practitioners to partake in shared decision making are unknown. For such a complex decision, a patient decision aid that prepares patients to make informed, values-based decisions is warranted.
Methods: 1) A systematic review, to characterize the prevalence of long-term dysfunction 2) Needs assessments, conducted with rectal cancer patients and practitioners, 3) Development of a decision aid.
Results: 1) Significant variability exists in reporting rectal cancer outcomes. The rate of bowel dysfunction is high. 2) Rectal cancer patients recall little of the outcomes discussed preoperatively. They do not perceive having any surgical options. Practitioners are inconsistently engaging patients in shared decision-making. 3) A patient decision aid was developed that a) incorporated systematic review results and; b) addressed the needs, barriers and facilitators raised.
Conclusions: Shared decision-making in rectal cancer surgery is limited. A decision aid to improve patient decision-making was developed.
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Knecht, Vicky Marie. "PATIENTS WITH GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER: COMPARISON OF LEARNING NEEDS OF PATIENTS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANT OTHERS". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292091.
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Simonich, Heather K. "Sex differences in social support among cancer patients". Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1222834.
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Social support is likely to play an especially important role in coping with a cancer diagnosis as it presents a unique set of stressors to the individual. The purpose of this study was to examine biological sex differences in the perceived availability of three modes of social support (emotional, instrumental, and informational), source of support (friends vs. family), and social support seeking behavior in a population of cancer patients. The sample included 71 men and 71 women who had been diagnosed with cancer within two years of the start of the study. No significant sex differences were found in social support seeking; however, results revealed that women perceived greater availability of emotional support as well as greater support from friends on all modes of social support than did men. Implications of these findings and future directions for research are discussed.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Bulsara, Caroline E. "The role of empowerment in the wellbeing of cancer patients". University of Western Australia. School of Primary, Aboriginal and Rural Health Care, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0016.
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The concept of patient empowerment, although acknowledged by the medical community as important, is rarely understood and seldom given priority in the illness trajectory of the cancer patient. A pilot study of a Shared Care Model amongst haematological cancer patients highlighted the fact that some patients spoke of a sense of empowerment and an overall sense of greater control when more fully included in the treatment and management of their condition. The research which forms the basis of this thesis focused on the role of empowerment in the wellbeing of cancer patients. There were three objectives to be met by completing this research. Firstly, to demonstrate that empowerment is a uniquely identifiable concept and can be measured separately from other quality of life indicators. Secondly, the study sought to explore that concept that empowerment takes into account the way in which patients act upon their prognosis and optimise the outcomes of treatment. Thus it is believed that accessing tailored resources and support structures benefit cancer patients and those who are caring for them such as close family members and friends by helping the patient achieve an individual level of empowerment. Finally, the research sought to explore the concept that empowerment improves psychological outcome in patients. The benefits are increased empowerment and an active use of coping strategies amongst patients in order to regain a measure of control over their illness. The Patient Empowerment Scale was developed to measure empowerment as an individual construct. '...' The Patient Empowerment Scale (15 items) was shown to be a reliable measure of empowerment and fitted the model well. A qualitative methodological approach sought to address and explore the second and third concepts. In addition, the concept of empowerment as it relates to motivation and self-efficacy was investigated qualitatively using in-depth interviewing technique. A phenomenological methodology was used to explore the 'lived experience of cancer patients' in regard to regaining control of their illness and the management thereof. Participants were interviewed using concepts identified for the Patient Empowerment Scale such as support strategies and use of resources. A series of interviews with breast cancer patients were conducted whereby patients responded to a number of questions. The questions explored areas such as support mechanisms in relation to cancer, their relationships with health professionals and significant others and their attitude toward and use of other resources and support systems such as support groups, spirituality, complementary therapies. In addition their views on acceptance and adaptation to their altered health status were explored. Results The research confirmed that it is feasible to measure empowerment as a separate quality of life indicator. Furthermore, that empowerment is linked to motivation and self-efficacy beliefs. The research also demonstrated that there are a number of core areas which are fundamental to regaining control and increasing empowerment for patients. These core areas are linked to support mechanisms, willingness to adapt and to access resources tailored to meet their needs. Patient empowerment emerged as a key aspect of enhanced quality of life regardless of prognosis and improved psychological outlook.
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Ray, Kausik. "Level of awareness and access to the treatment of cancer : a sociological study among the patients in West Bengal". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1444.
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Barton, Marci A. "Family environment, time since diagnosis, and gender as predictors of psychosocial adaptation in oncology patients". Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1213157.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of gender, time since diagnosis, and the family environment on the psychosocial adaptation of cancer patients. This study was important because there is a deficit in the literature investigating the effects of the family environment on psychosocial adaptation in male and female cancer patients with diverse diagnoses. This study measured psychosocial adaptation by the patient's ability to adjust to cancer-related stressors in the areas of social relationships, involvement in health care, psychological well-being, household and work related duties, and family relationships. The family environment was measured by the patient's perceived level of cohesion, expressiveness, and conflict in the family.The study's sample consisted of 149 stage I or II cancer patients over the age of 50 with no prior cancer diagnosis, recurrence, or metastases. Participants completed a set of questionnaires, including the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale and the Family Relationship Index. The combination of gender, time since diagnosis, and the family environment, with demographic variables held constant, was significant and accounted for nearly one-third (27 %) of the variance in cancer patients' psychosocial adaptation. Results showed that the family environment is a significant predictor of psychosocial adaptation in cancer patients. Gender and time since diagnosis were not significantly related to psychosocial adaptation. Implications from this study are offered.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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SPINELLI, MICHELA. "Immunobiological properties of cancer stem cells isolated from colorectal cancer patients". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/29577.
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common form of cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. Despite the emergence of new targeted agents and the use of various therapeutic combinations, none of the treatments options available is curative in patients with advanced cancer.
In the last decade, several studies have shown that a small population of “stem cell like” cells, with the capacity for self-renewal, multipotency and high tumorigenic potential, could be isolated from tumors with different histological origin, including human CRC. These peculiar stem cells are believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, progression and resistance to therapeutic agents. Therefore, treatments that are design to eradicate tumor masses should be also targeted to CSCs.
Recently in our laboratory cancer stem cells (CSCs) lines and their fetal bovine serum (FBS)-cultured non-CSC pair lines were in vitro isolated from surgical specimens of patients with primary CRC cancer. In this study we performed an immunobiological characterization of CRC CSCs and investigated whether these cells can represent suitable targets for immunotherapy protocols. The phenotype and functional characterization of these cell lines was examined by IF and cytofluorimetric analysis.
Firstly the expression levels of CRC cancer and/or stem cell-associated molecules such as: Ep-CAM, CEA, HCAM, CD44, Aldefluor, CD133, SOX-2, Nanog and Oct-4 was assessed. Notably, the tumorigenic potency of CSCs was higher than that of FBS cells as shown by the serial dilutions and serial transplantations cell injection in immunodeficient mice. Moreover the xenografts generated by CRC CSC showed large areas of necrosis than tumor tissues generated by FBS cells and better matched the phenotype of the original tumor, as revealed by an IHC analysis of CRC and CSC-associated molecules. In addition, the expression of MHC-I and MHC-II molecules, NKG2D ligands, immune regulatory molecules, antigen-processing machinery (APM) and tumor associated antigens (TAA) was examined. Both CRC CSC and FBS lines were found weakly positive for MHC-I and negative for MHC-II, while NKG2D ligands were commonly detected in both cells types.
The APM was mainly defective in CRC CSC versus FBS cell lines. We also investigated whether the expression of immune-regulatory molecules (CTLA-4, PD-1, B7-H3) can affect the immunogenicity of these cells. All CSCs and FBS cell lines were homogeneously positive for CTLA-4, PD-1 and, although at higher levels for PD-L1 and B7-H3. All these molecules acts as negative modulator of T-cells response because of the inhibition of the vital ‘second signal’ required for optimal T cell recognition and activation.
Interestingly, IL-4 was expressed by all the cell lines both in the cytoplasm and in the membrane while IL-4R was weakly detectable on the membrane of CSC and was absent in FBS lines counterparts. These data may confirm the possibility of an autocrine production by CRC CSC and also FBS line of IL-4, that may thus protect themselves by apoptosis as recently described by Stassi’s group (Todaro M et al, 2007), this citockine may also induce an immunomodulatory role for T-cells mediated responses against CRC. Unexpectedly FBS tumor lines released in the supernatants high levels of prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) that, on the contrary was weakly or absent in the supernatant of CSCs.
In addition, T lymphocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of CRC patients were stimulated in vitro with autologous CSCs or FBS, in order to assess of anti-CRC reactivity. In patient #1076 we could isolate mostly TH1-mediated responses (detected by INF-γ release), showing weak reactivity against CSCs. On the contrary a more efficiently INF-γ release was detectable when T-lymphocytes were stimulated with FBS tumor cells. In a second patient (#1247), a MHC-independent recognition of CSCs was observed, suggesting an NK-mediated response. This result was also confirmed by the phenotype analysis of these lymphocytes that revealed the presence of 20-30% NK cells (CD3-CD16*CD56+).These findings correlate with the defective expression of molecules involved in antigen presenting and processing machinery observed in CSCs.
Taken together our data we can conclude that we have isolate from CRC tissues cells with stemness properties, thus showing a lower immunogenicity compared with the FBS counterpart. T cell responses could be obtained in CRC patients directed against CSC and FBS cells, though with higher reactivity for FBS tumor cells, while in another patient NK-mediated responses could be isolated These findings may be useful for the identification of new agents that can efficiently rescue the immunogenicity of CSCs in order to be targeted by T cell-mediated immune response.
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Irobi, Edward Okezie. "Time to Diagnosis of Second Primary Cancers among Patients with Breast Cancer". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2661.
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Many breast cancer diagnoses and second cancers are associated with BRCA gene mutations. Early detection of cancer is necessary to improve health outcomes, particularly with second cancers. Little is known about the influence of risk factors on time to diagnosis of second primary cancers after diagnosis with BRCA-related breast cancer. The purpose of this cohort study was to examine the risk of diagnosis of second primary cancers among women diagnosed with breast cancer after adjusting for BRCA status, age, and ethnicity. The study was guided by the empirical evidence supporting the mechanism of action in the mutation of BRCA leading to the development of cancer. Composite endpoint was used to define second primary cancer occurrences, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare the median time-to-event among comparison groups and BRCA gene mutation status. Cox proportional hazards was used to examine the relationships between age at diagnosis, ethnicity, BRCA gene mutation status, and diagnosis of a second primary cancer. The overall median time to event for diagnosis of second primary cancers was 14 years. The hazard ratios for BRCA2 = 1.47, 95% CI [1.03 - 2.11], White = 1.511, 95% CI [1.18 - 1.94], and American Indian/Hawaiian = 1.424, 95% CI [1.12 -1.81] showing positive significant associations between BRCA2 mutation status and risk of diagnosis of second primary colorectal, endometrial, cervical, kidney, thyroid, and bladder cancers. Data on risk factors for development of second cancers would allow for identification of appropriate and timely screening procedures, determining the best course of action for prevention and treatment, and improving quality of life among breast cancer survivors.
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Hung, Suk-mei Damaris, i 孔淑薇. "The relationships among hope, optimism, attentional bias, cancer-related rumination and psychological distress in cancer patients". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48690703.
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The experience of cancer challenges the body and the mind. A solid body of evidence has amassed on what help breast cancer patients cope with adversities. In the field of positive psychology, the concepts of hope and optimism further our understanding of the role future expectancies play in goal-directed pursuits and in psychological adjustment to adverse events.
Snyder’s theory of hope (2002) conceptualizes that goal directed behaviours have two components -- pathways and agency thinking. Pathways thinking is associated with finding the routes to achieve a desired goal. Agency thinking provides the mental energy to initiate and persist in pursuing goals. Hope is consistently linked with better outcomes in academics, athletic, health care and community settings (Snyder et al., 2005).
The literature on optimism (Scheier & Carver, 1985) describes the characteristics of optimists and pessimists. Optimists hold positive future expectancies with positive emotions keeping individuals actively engaged in their goals despite frustrations. Pessimists are more inclined to use avoidant coping in response to the negative emotions engendered in their negative expectancies.
In the present project, hope and optimism are investigated in a group of breast cancer patients who are recently diagnosed with recurrent, advanced or metastatic disease in Hong Kong. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no other studies have investigated future expectancies in advanced breast cancer patients in a longitudinal design. Findings suggested that agency hope and optimism together account for 27 - 29% of the variation in concurrent distress; and 52 - 54% of the distress three months later. Optimism was an independent predictor of concurrent and three-month psychological distress. However agency hope was not an independent predictor. The results of the present study are compared with a published study (Ho, et al., 2011) of hope and optimism in a group of oral cavity cancer survivors, who did not have an active disease. In both the advanced breast and oral cavity cancer patient groups, hope and optimism together predicted distress. But optimism was a stronger predictor relative to agency hope in the advanced breast cancer patients whose disease outcome was less certain.
The present study also attempts to decipher the cognitive processes postulated to be mediators in the relationship between future expectancies and psychological adjustment. In the advanced breast cancer group, attention to negative information mediated the relationship between optimism and concurrent anxiety and depression. In the oral cavity cancer survivors, negative cancer-related rumination mediated in the relationship between agency hope and depression, and in the relationship between optimism and anxiety and depression. The implications of the findings are discussed in light of the possible different cognitive processes of patients who are faced with two different disease conditions.published_or_final_version
Clinical Psychology
Doctoral
Doctor of Psychology
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Yamamoto, Takehito. "Chemosensitivity of Patient-Derived Cancer Stem Cells Identifies Colorectal Cancer Patients with Potential Benefit from FGFR Inhibitor Therapy". Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263523.
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Broz, Stefne Lenzmeier. "The role of information in cancer patients' involvement in their cancer care". The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1070390568.
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Bashir, Kifah, i Yvonne Bengtsson. "Palliative care for pancreatic cancer - patients´ experiences". Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Teacher Education, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4609.
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To receive a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer can lead to a tremendous change in a person’s life. Thoughts regarding death may cause a personal crisis which can have negative influences on the patient’s social, mental and spiritual state. Most people with pancreatic cancer are diagnosed in a late stage of the disease. Therefore, palliative care is often one of the options that are offered to patients. Moreover, to be able to provide patients with nursing care and tend to their needs, it is very important to see them as unique individuals. The purpose with the literature review was to illustrate the experiences of palliative nursing care of patients with pancreatic cancer. A systematic literature review of scientific articles was performed. The study showed that patients’ experiences of need for information, patients’ need for time, support and personal relations, patients’ experiences of hope as well as patients’ need for symptom control were of importance in palliative nursing care.
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Al, Shehhi Ruqaiya Mohammed. "Emergency management of patients with colorectal cancer". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58335.
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Background: According to the literature, up to 30% patients with colorectal cancers (CRCs) present to the emergency department (ED) with surgical emergencies. The most common surgical presentations of these patients are: intestinal obstruction, perforation and bleeding. Palliative surgical interventions in these patients are believed to carry high risks of morbidity and mortality. Moreover, management options tend to be individualized in most cases, if not all.
Methodology: A systematic review of published literature was conducted. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were summarized. Quantitative data regarding study characteristics were analyzed and expressed as descriptive statistics. Primary outcomes of interest were post-operative complications, mortality and 5-year disease free status.
Results: 304 articles were collected from searching online data bases. Eight articles were found to match the research question and underwent a full text review. Five more articles were added from searching the grey literature. After final review, 11 articles were selected to be included in the systematic review.
Papers were assessed for methodological validity. 81.8% of studies used regression models in their analyses. Mean number of patients included in the papers was 3,567 (min= 145, max= 30,790). 50.2% of all patients were males. Most of the included studies reported mean age of more than 60 years. The mean follow-up period in days was 399.5. Analysis of different variables revealed that, CRC patients who received emergency surgery had more comorbidities (95% CI, OR=1.42 P=0.05), higher American Society of Anesthesiology classes (95% CI, OR=1.33 P=0.08), and more advanced disease (95% CI, OR=1.09 P=0.02) than CRC patients who receive surgical intervention on elective basis. Moreover, resection rate was higher in the elective group (95% CI, OR=0.5 P=0.04). In contrast, stoma creation rate was higher in the emergency group (95% CI, OR=5.08 P=0.003). Furthermore, emergency patients had higher rates of postoperative complications (95% CI, OR=4.6 P=0.007) and mortality (95% CI, OR=5.38 P=0.0001).
Conclusion: Patients requiring emergency surgery for CRC often have complex comorbidities and acute instability, and are at very high risk of postoperative complications. These findings highlight an important opportunity for the development of comprehensive systems of emergency surgical care, and, ultimately, improvement of patient outcomes.Medicine, Faculty of
Surgery, Department of
Graduate
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Somerville, Caroline Laura. "Quality of life of colorectal cancer patients". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26954.
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the long term quality of life of colorectal cancer patients who had undergone either sphincter conserving or sphincter sacrificing surgery. It was predicted that patients who underwent sphincter-sacrificing surgery resulting in the formation of a stoma would report an inferior quality of life as indicated across several domains of quality of life compared to patients with no stoma. Method: Thirty two patients completed a battery of questionnaires measuring quality of life at an interval of between twelve and eighteen months post surgery. Quality of life was measured using two questionnaires developed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer: one for cancer specific quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the supplementary colorectal cancer specific module (EORTC QLQ-CR38, Aaronson et al., 1988); Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS, Zigmong & Snaith, 1983); Body Image Scale (BIS, Hopwood, Fletcher, Lee & Al Ghazal, 2001). Data analysis: Patient age, length of time since surgery and scores on the measures were compared using independent samples t-tests. Length of time since surgery was analysed using covariance. Person’s correlation co-efficient was used to test for the level of association between measures. Results: No significant differences between the sphincter conserving and sphincter sacrificing groups were found on several domains of quality of life assessment including, physical, social, psychological and role functioning and levels of post-surgery symptoms. Significant differences were found between patients in relation to body image satisfaction and male sexual problems. Patients with a stoma showed more dissatisfaction with their body image than patients without a stoma. Males with a stoma were found to report more sexual problems than males without a stoma. Results are discussed in relation to previous research and in terms of implications for further research and psychosocial aspects of care for colorectal cancer patients.
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Eaden, Jayne Alison. "Colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29610.
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The magnitude of the colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in ulcerative colitis (UC) was determined in the first meta-analysis of all 116 studies reporting the risk. For any patient with UC the risk was 2% at ten years, 8% at twenty years and 18% after thirty years. The risk was greater in children, varied geographically and has fallen since 1955. A case-control study of 204 patients across the United Kingdom demonstrated regular aminosalicylate therapy reduced cancer risk by 75% (p<0.00001). Mesalazine was particularly effective reducing risk by 81% (p=0.006). Visiting a hospital doctor more than twice a year and attending regular colonoscopies also reduced risk (84% and 78%). A family cancer history increased risk five fold. A reliable, self administered questionnaire measuring patient knowledge was developed. No correlation was found between patient knowledge and the risk of developing CRC. A randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of a video (scripted and produced by the author) vs. an information leaflet on patient knowledge. This established that both media improved knowledge (71% and 49%) but neither intervention was significantly more effective than the other. The first nationwide audit of surveillance practices amongst gastroenterologists ascertained 94% of consultants practiced surveillance but it was extremely disorganized and considerable disagreement existed concerning the management of dysplasia. A new immunohistochemical marker for dysplasia (CYP1B1) was investigated. Although CYP1B1 showed faint staining in dysplastic tissues, it was inconsistent and presently would not improve identification of dysplasia. The CRC risk in UC is significant and may be modified through regular consumption of aminosalicylates. Resources may be better allocated at improving compliance with such medication and targeting surveillance on high risk patients. Standardization of surveillance through national guidelines is needed urgently.
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Ringash, G. Jolie. "Quality of life in laryngeal cancer patients". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0002/MQ45919.pdf.
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Burge, Frederick. "Dehydration symptoms of palliative care cancer patients". Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60446.
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Controversy exists among clinicians and caregivers as to whether reduced fluid intake contributes to the suffering of those dying of advanced cancer. This study explored the distribution of proposed "dehydration state" symptoms among inpatient palliative care cancer patients. Fifty-two subjects responded to a seven item self-report questionnaire using visual analogue scales. Associations were determined between the symptom self-reports and the possible predictor variables fluid intake, serum sodium, urea and osmolality. Confounding variables considered were age, oral disease and mouth care regime. Mean symptom ratings (range 0-100 mm) were: thirst 53.8, dry mouth 60.0, bad taste 46.6, nausea 24.0, pleasure to drink 61.6, fatigue 61.8, and pain 33.5. No significant association was determined between symptom ratings and the predictor or confounding variables. Although the symptoms appear to be rated moderately severe, there was no demonstrable association between severity and fluid intake, the key concern of clinicians and families.
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Tang, Wai-ha Sherman, i 鄧惠霞. "Quality of life of gynaecological cancer patients". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43893521.
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