Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Cancer – Microbiology”

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1

Seppa, Nathan. "Microbiology: Receptor may be cancer accomplice". Science News 173, nr 5 (30.09.2009): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scin.2008.5591730515.

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2

Sobti, A., R. Hamaudi i C. Hopper. "Spectra of oral cancer microbiology: a review". International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 44 (październik 2015): e146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.812.

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3

Gonzalez, Carmen E., Tami N. Johnson, Lisa M. Kidin, Scott Evans, Yvette DeJesus, Kenneth V. I. Rolston i Ronald Stewart Walters. "Compliance with established pneumonia core measures at MD Anderson Cancer Center in the emergency center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, nr 34_suppl (1.12.2012): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.189.

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189 Background: Pneumonia is the major cause of death due to infectious diseases in the United States. In the cancer patient, pneumonia is the overall leading infectious cause of death. Pneumonia Core Measures (PCM) and Clinical Pathways are frequently used by healthcare organizations to ensure the delivery of high-quality care and pathogen-directed therapy. A multidisciplinary team was organized at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) Emergency Center (EC) into a Pneumonia Team to optimize care and to enhance compliance with current PCM. Methods: A retrospective review of EC patients during pneumonia season was completed. Results: Three areas for improvement in the EC were identified. The areas include lack of EC staff’s knowledge on PCM, lack of standardized order-sets for pathogen-directed treatment, and cancer patients presenting with pneumonia syndromes that fall outside established Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) guidelines. The identified problems were addressed through three strategies: Intense EC staff education initially and yearly prior to pneumonia season (September-March). Microbiologic analysis of the pathogens responsible for the pneumonias in our unique cancer population at MDACC. Development and implementation of an institutional pneumonia algorithm and an order-set. The Pneumonia Team also identified a gap between our patient population and the current PCM. Pneumonia patients at MDACC EC are divided into two distinct groups, solid tumor and hematologic cancers. The microbiology analyzed in both groups is consistent with Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia (HCAP) and not CAP. Microbiology analysis identified gram positive, gram negative, fungal, viral and multi-drug resistant organisms. The initial analysis demonstrated that 87% of our patients met criteria for HCAP and only 12% met CAP. Based on this percentage, antibiotic selection for our CAP patients comprises a small portion of our total population. Conclusions: Our current algorithm and order-set optimize care and minimize variation to match our patient population. These findings provide important considerations for policy makers in regard to pneumonia measurements in a cancer setting.
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4

G. Robayo, D. Adriana, Raquel F. Hernandez, Alveiro T. Erira, Ljubov Kandaurova, Celia L. Juarez, Victoria Juarez i Angel Cid-Arregui. "Oral Microbiota Associated with Oral and Gastroenteric Cancer". Open Microbiology Journal 14, nr 1 (10.02.2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285802014010001.

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When the normal microbiota-host interactions are altered, the commensal microbial community evolves to a dysbiotic status resulting in some species becoming pathogenic and acting synergistically in the development of local and systemic diseases, including cancer. Advances in genetics, immunology and microbiology during the last years have made it possible to gather information on the oral and gastrointestinal microbiome and its interaction with the host, which has led to a better understanding of the interrelationship between microbiota and cancer. There is growing evidence in support for the role of some species in the development, progression and responses to treatment of various types of cancer. Accordingly, the number of studies investigating the association between oral microbiota and oral and gastrointestinal cancers has increased significantly during the last years. Here, we review the literature documenting associations of oral microbiota with oral and gastroenteric cancers.
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5

Belusic-Gobic, Margita, Arijan Zubovic, Anamarija Predrijevac, David Harmicar, Robert Cerovic, Silvana Udovic Gobic i Lorena Zubovic. "Microbiology of wound infection after oral cancer surgery". Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 48, nr 7 (lipiec 2020): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2020.05.011.

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6

S. Abbas, Oday, Dalia A. Abdul-Shaheed i Rand M. Anwer. "Induce Cancer by Ochratoxin A". Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 12, nr 4 (30.12.2018): 1825–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.12.4.16.

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7

Hsu-Kim, Cynthia, Jeffrey B. Hoag, Guang-Shin Cheng i Mark E. Lund. "The Microbiology of Postobstructive Pneumonia in Lung Cancer Patients". Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology 20, nr 3 (lipiec 2013): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/lbr.0b013e31829ddf01.

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8

Peterson, D. E., G. E. Minah, C. D. Overholser, J. B. Suzuki, L. G. DePaola, D. M. Stansbury, L. T. Williams i S. C. Schimpff. "Microbiology of acute periodontal infection in myelosuppressed cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 5, nr 9 (wrzesień 1987): 1461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1987.5.9.1461.

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This study characterized the subgingival microbial flora associated with 27 acute exacerbations of preexistent periodontal disease in 24 patients with chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. All but two acute periodontal infections developed at low granulocyte levels (less than 1,000/microL). Suspected pathogens were detected in high concentrations in subgingival plaque specimens in 17 episodes of acute periodontal infection; a single pathogen was recovered in ten acute infections, and more than one pathogen was recovered in seven acute infections. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans, S aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa predominated, with combinations of these detected in some patients. Concomitant bacteremias developed in two of these patients. The subgingival microflora associated with ten acute periodontal infections was characterized by predominantly indigenous microorganisms, which in nine episodes were in abnormal proportions compared with microbial profiles in noncancer patients with similar degrees of periodontal disease. These data demonstrate that pathogens normally associated with infections in myelosuppressed cancer patients, as well as indigenous oral flora, are associated with acute periodontal infections during granulocytopenia. This finding is important, since this body site has not commonly been recognized as a source for acute infection in these patients.
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9

Farrell, Paul. "Viruses and cancer society for general microbiology, symposium 37". FEBS Letters 194, nr 1 (1.01.1986): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(86)80078-3.

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10

Brook, Itzhak, i Ronald Hirokawa. "Microbiology of Wound Infection after Head and Neck Cancer Surgery". Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 98, nr 5 (maj 1989): 323–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948909800501.

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Specimens of pus were obtained from 24 patients who developed postoperative wound infection after head and neck cancer surgery. Aerobic bacteria only were isolated in two instances (8%), anaerobic bacteria only in one (4%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 21 (88%). A total of 146 isolates were recovered (66 aerobic and 80 anaerobic), an average of six isolates per specimen (2.7 aerobic and 3.3 anaerobic). The most frequently recovered isolates were Peptostreptococcus sp, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides sp, Fusobacterium, and enteric gram-negative rods. Twenty-two isolates recovered from 17 wounds (71%) produced β-lactamase. These included all five isolates of S aureus and nine of 17 (53%) of the Bacteroides melaninogenicus group. The polymicrobial aerobic/anaerobic nature of postoperative wound infections after head and neck cancer surgery and the presence of β-lactamase-producing bacteria may have important implications for the management of these infections.
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11

Bos, Johannes L. "Viruses and cancer (the society for general microbiology, symposium 37)". Trends in Biochemical Sciences 10, nr 12 (grudzień 1985): 496–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(85)90218-x.

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12

Smith, K. S., A. D. Frugé, W. van der Pol, N. E. Caston, C. D. Morrow, W. Demark-Wahnefried i T. L. Carson. "Gut microbial differences in breast and prostate cancer cases from two randomised controlled trials compared to matched cancer-free controls". Beneficial Microbes 12, nr 3 (15.06.2021): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2020.0098.

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Implicated in several chronic diseases, the gastrointestinal microbiome is hypothesised to influence carcinogenesis. We compared faecal microbiota of newly diagnosed treatment-naïve overweight and obese cancer patients and matched controls. Cases were enrolled in presurgical weight-loss trials for breast (NCT02224807) and prostate (NCT01886677) cancers and had a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2. Cancer-free controls were matched 1:1 by age (±5 years), race, gender, and BMI (±5 kg/m2). All participants provided faecal samples; isolated bacterial DNA were PCR amplified at the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and analysed using the QIIME pipeline. Tests compared cases versus controls, then separately by gender. Microbial alpha-diversity and beta-diversity were assessed, and relative abundance of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU’s) were compared at the genus level, with false discovery rate (FDR) correction. 22 overweight and obese cancer patients were matched with 22 cancer-free controls, with an average BMI of 30.5±4.3 kg/m2, age 54.4±5.3 years, and 54.5% were black. Fourteen matches were made between breast cancer cases and healthy female controls, and 8 matches were made with prostate cancer cases and healthy male controls. Comparison of all cases and controls revealed no differences in alpha diversity, though prostate cancer patients had higher Chao1 (P=0.006) and Observed Species (P=0.036) than cancer-free males. Beta-diversity metrics were significantly different between cases and controls (P<0.03 for all tests in whole sample and in men), though only unweighted Unifrac was different in women (P=0.005). Kruskal Wallis tests indicated significant differences among 16 genera in all matches, 9 in female, and 51 in male. This study suggests the faecal microbiota of treatment-naive breast and prostate cancer patients differs from controls, though larger samples are needed to substantiate these findings. Trial registration: NIH Clinical Trials, NCT01886677, NCT02224807, registered 26 June 2013, 25 Aug 2014 (respectively) – retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01886677 ; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02224807
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13

Ruffieux, Yann, Mazvita Muchengeti, Matthias Egger, Orestis Efthimiou, Lina Bartels, Victor Olago, Maša Davidović i in. "Immunodeficiency and Cancer in 3.5 Million People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): The South African HIV Cancer Match Study". Clinical Infectious Diseases 73, nr 3 (2.02.2021): e735-e744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab087.

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Abstract Background We analyzed associations between immunodeficiency and cancer incidence in a nationwide cohort of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH) in South Africa. Methods We used data from the South African HIV Cancer Match Study built on HIV-related laboratory measurements from the National Health Laboratory Services and cancer records from the National Cancer Registry. We evaluated associations between time-updated CD4 cell count and cancer incidence rates using Cox proportional hazards models. We reported adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) over a grid of CD4 values and estimated the aHR per 100 CD4 cells/µL decrease. Results Of 3 532 266 PLWH, 15 078 developed cancer. The most common cancers were cervical cancer (4150 cases), Kaposi sarcoma (2262 cases), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1060 cases). The association between lower CD4 cell count and higher cancer incidence rates was strongest for conjunctival cancer (aHR per 100 CD4 cells/µL decrease: 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38–1.54), Kaposi sarcoma (aHR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.20–1.26), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (aHR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.14–1.22). Among infection-unrelated cancers, lower CD4 cell counts were associated with higher incidence rates of esophageal cancer (aHR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00–1.11) but not breast, lung, or prostate cancer. Conclusions Lower CD4 cell counts were associated with an increased risk of developing various infection-related cancers among PLWH. Reducing HIV-induced immunodeficiency may be a potent cancer-prevention strategy among PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa, a region heavily burdened by cancers attributable to infections.
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14

Rollot⁎, F., I. Kriegel, T. Dorval, A. Baffie, A. Rivat i I. Fromantin. "Microbiology and management of malignant breast cancer wounds in geriatric oncology". Journal of Geriatric Oncology 3 (październik 2012): S98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgo.2012.10.125.

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15

Rabello, L., J. Salluh, M. Soares, M. Rosolem, V. Bogado, I. Souza, J. Lapa e Silva i L. Azevedo. "Microbiology and outcomes of severe pneumonia in critically ill cancer patients". Critical Care 18, Suppl 1 (2014): P302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc13492.

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16

Kuniyuki, Andy, i Gwen Sharp. "Designing Cancer-Killing Artificial Viruses to Improve Student Understanding of Microbiology". Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education 12, nr 2 (1.12.2011): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jmbe.v12i2.250.

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Kelkar, Rohini, Aarti Sangale, Vivek Bhat i Sanjay Biswas. "Microbiology of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in a Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital". Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 25, nr 4 (2021): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23790.

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18

Al-Terehi, Mona, Israa Abd-Alhaleem, Mohammed Abidali, Zahraa Al-Qiam i Ali Al-Saadi. "Estimation Micr-RNA146a Gene Polymorphism in Breast Cancer Tissue". Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 12, nr 1 (30.03.2018): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.12.1.08.

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19

Hsin, Li-Jen, Hai-Hua Chuang, Mu-Yun Lin, Tuan-Jen Fang, Hsueh-Yu Li, Chun-Ta Liao, Chung-Jan Kang i in. "Laryngeal Helicobacter pylori Infection and Laryngeal Cancer-Case Series and a Systematic Review". Microorganisms 9, nr 6 (23.05.2021): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061129.

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection involves the development of gastric cancer and may be associated with laryngeal cancer. However, laryngeal H. pylori infection in Taiwanese patients with newly diagnosed laryngeal cancer has not been reported. This study was aimed to investigate the possible association between laryngeal H. pylori infection and laryngeal cancer in Taiwan and perform a systematic review of previous reports in other countries. An analysis of 105 patients with laryngeal lesions found the positive rates of H. pylori DNA (determined by polymerase chain reaction) and antigen (determined by immunohistochemistry) of the laryngeal lesions were relatively low (vocal polyps: 3% and 3%; vocal fold leukoplakia: 0% and 0%; laryngeal cancers: 0% and 2%). Furthermore, H. pylori-associated laryngopharyngeal reflux and the expression of E-cadherin and CD1d (determined by immunohistochemistry) were comparable among the three subgroups. Fifteen studies were involved in the systematic review of the digital literature database, distributed to February 2021. The data of patients with laryngeal cancer and controls showed that the laryngeal H. pylori infection rates were 29.4% and 16.7%, respectively. Although current evidence supported that laryngeal H. pylori infection was associated with laryngeal cancer globally, it might not play a role in the development of laryngeal cancer in Taiwan.
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20

Mahy, Brian W. J. "Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Third edition". Virus Research 93, nr 1 (maj 2003): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1702(03)00049-2.

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Horner, Marie-Josèphe, Steady Chasimpha, Adrian Spoerri, Jessie Edwards, Julia Bohlius, Hannock Tweya, Petros Tembo i in. "High Cancer Burden Among Antiretroviral Therapy Users in Malawi: A Record Linkage Study of Observational Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cohorts and Cancer Registry Data". Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, nr 5 (17.11.2018): 829–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy960.

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Abstract Background With antiretroviral therapy (ART), AIDS-defining cancer incidence has declined and non-AIDS–defining cancers (NADCs) are now more frequent among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected populations in high-income countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, limited epidemiological data describe cancer burden among ART users. Methods We used probabilistic algorithms to link cases from the population-based cancer registry with electronic medical records supporting ART delivery in Malawi’s 2 largest HIV cohorts from 2000–2010. Age-adjusted cancer incidence rates (IRs) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by cancer site, early vs late incidence periods (4–24 and >24 months after ART start), and World Health Organization (WHO) stage among naive ART initiators enrolled for at least 90 days. Results We identified 4346 cancers among 28 576 persons. Most people initiated ART at advanced WHO stages 3 or 4 (60%); 12% of patients had prevalent malignancies at ART initiation, which were predominantly AIDS-defining eligibility criteria for initiating ART. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) had the highest IR (634.7 per 100 000 person-years) followed by cervical cancer (36.6). KS incidence was highest during the early period 4–24 months after ART initiation. NADCs accounted for 6% of new cancers. Conclusions Under historical ART guidelines, NADCs were observed at low rates and were eclipsed by high KS and cervical cancer burden. Cancer burden among Malawian ART users does not yet mirror that in high-income countries. Integrated cancer screening and management in HIV clinics, especially for KS and cervical cancer, remain important priorities in the current Malawi context.
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Rodrigues-Lima, Fernando, Julien Dairou, Nicola Laurieri, Florent Busi i Jean-Marie Dupret. "Conference Scene: Pharmacogenomics, biochemistry, toxicology, microbiology and cancer research in one go". Pharmacogenomics 12, nr 8 (sierpień 2011): 1091–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pgs.11.59.

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Guerrero-Del-Cueto, Fuensanta, Cyntia Ibanes-Gutiérrez, Consuelo Velázquez-Acosta, Patricia Cornejo-Juárez i Diana Vilar-Compte. "Microbiology and clinical characteristics of viridans group streptococci in patients with cancer". Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases 22, nr 4 (lipiec 2018): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2018.06.003.

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Almond, Jeffrey. "Current topics in microbiology and immunology, Vol. 161: Picornaviruses". Virus Research 21, nr 1 (wrzesień 1991): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(91)90073-5.

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Esposito, Joseph J. "Poxviruses. Current topics in microbiology and immunology, volume 163". Virus Research 22, nr 2 (luty 1992): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(92)90046-c.

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Pettersson, Ralf F. "Bunyaviridae. Current topics in microbiology and immunology, volume 169". Virus Research 22, nr 2 (luty 1992): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(92)90047-d.

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Abdullahi Hudu, Shuaibu, Saadatu Haruna Shinkafi, Shuaibu Umar, Babazhitsu Makun i Khadijah Muhammad Dada. "Next-Generation Sequencing: A Critical Review of Its Applications in Clinical Microbiology". Annals of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 1, nr 1 (1.06.2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47838/acem.26011977.11162020.asmeda.1.0.

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Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology is fast supplementing and improving the current conventional sequencing. This is as a result of its ability to sequence pathogen genomes and interpret the information in near real-time. The aim of this paper is to review the applications of next-generation sequencing in clinical microbiology. With the speedy advances in NGS innovations, clinical and public health microbiology labs are progressively accepting NGS innovation in their workflows into their diagnostic procedures. In this review, it has been found that the applications of NGS in the clinical and public health microbiology settings are not disposable, and have the potential to guide clinicians in tailoring treatment to dynamic genomic changes of microbes. Next-generation sequencing has opened a broad new area of research with the potential to revolutionize personalized cancer medicine. Advances in NGS have demonstrated a distinct advantage in diagnostic microbiology, fundamentally lessening the time from diagnosis to clinical treatment.
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Lisiak, Natalia, Maria Sierszulska i Julia Bajsert. "Mammaglobin A as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in breast cancer". Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 74 (11.12.2020): 566–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5782.

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Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor in women. Due to the high heterogeneity and multiplicity of histological subtypes within this type of cancer, the expression of breast cancer markers is very diverse. Therefore, a biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity would be extremely important for the correct diagnosis and prognosis assessment in breast cancer patients. Mammaglobin A seems to be such a biomarker. Overexpression of this protein is closely related with carcinogenesis in the mammary gland and is observed in up to 80% of cases of the malignant breast cancers. According to many reports, it is postulated that mammaglobin A may be a promising tool in the diagnostics of cancers but also a prognostic, predictive and therapeutic factor. The information contained in this publication presents the current state of knowledge about the structure of mammaglobin A, its function, role in the tumorigenesis and the use of this protein as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Rzepka, Zuzanna, Marta Knapik i Dorota Wrześniok. "Strategies of current cancer immunotherapy". Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 73 (31.12.2019): 898–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7539.

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Cancers are a significant health problem in the world. The most common therapeutic methods applied in oncology are chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical methods. Finding new therapies in this branch of medicine, as well as developing solutions with the highest possible effectiveness, taking into account the multifactorial nature of cancer, is important from both the scientific and medical point of view and, for obvious reasons, it is in the interest of many people. Immunotherapy, despite many years of initial failures, has become one of the most important clinically approved new treatments in oncology and is now successfully used in the treatment of certain types of cancer. Current immunotherapeutic strategies are based on monoclonal antibodies (including inhibitors of immune control points), cytokines, anti-cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses, as well as adoptive cell transfer. For many cancer immunotherapies, an increase in their effectiveness is observed when they are used with other types of immunotherapy as well as in combination with molecular targeted therapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The dynamic development of cancer immunotherapy since the beginning of the 21st century results from the advances in genetic engineering, as well as from the increase in knowledge about the anticancer immune response and the nature of cancer cells including abnormalities in their metabolism, the ability to create a tumor microenvironment and the induction of immunosuppression. The aim of the study is to present current knowledge in the field of cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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Lawson, James S., Walter H. Günzburg i Noel J. Whitaker. "Viruses and human breast cancer". Future Microbiology 1, nr 1 (czerwiec 2006): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/17460913.1.1.33.

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Al-Ghurabi, Batool Hassan, Abeer Khalid Yaseen i Mohammed Imran Hamzah. "Serum Levels of Lactate Dehydrogenase and Alkaline Phosphatase Enzymes in Colorectal Cancer". Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 13, nr 1 (31.03.2019): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.13.1.53.

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Hernaiz-Leonardo, Juan Carlos, Maria Fernanda Golzarri, Patricia Cornejo-Juárez, Patricia Volkow, Consuelo Velázquez, Mauricio Ostrosky-Frid i Diana Vilar-Compte. "Microbiology of surgical site infections in patients with cancer: A 7-year review". American Journal of Infection Control 45, nr 7 (lipiec 2017): 761–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.02.023.

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Rolston, Kenneth V. I., Lior Nesher i Jeffrey T. Tarrand. "Current Microbiology of Surgical Site Infections in Patients with Cancer: A Retrospective Review". Infectious Diseases and Therapy 3, nr 2 (18.11.2014): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40121-014-0048-4.

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Juszczak, Michał, Magdalena Kluska, Daniel Wysokiński i Katarzyna Woźniak. "Anti-cancer properties of ruthenium compounds: NAMI-A and KP1019". Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 74 (19.02.2020): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.8549.

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Cancer research is among the key challenges in current medicine and biology. Many decades of investigations have brought measurable benefits in both areas with regard to expanding the knowledge of the molecular mechanism of cancer and developing treatment strategies. Despite that cancers are still among diseases with the highest mortality rate, and cancer treatment is often unsuccessful and connected with severe side effects. The development of therapeutic strategies in both targeting the primary tumor origin and preventing metastasis is largely based on testing newly synthesized chemical agents, including a group of metal-containing complexes. It seems that ruthenium-containing complexes are of high potential in cancer therapy, and our work presents the current data about the application of ruthenium-based complexes − NAMI-A and KP1019 in cancer therapy.
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Allen, Barry J., Eva Bezak i Loredana G. Marcu. "Quo Vadis Radiotherapy? Technological Advances and the Rising Problems in Cancer Management". BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/749203.

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Purpose. Despite the latest technological advances in radiotherapy, cancer control is still challenging for several tumour sites. The survival rates for the most deadly cancers, such as ovarian and pancreatic, have not changed over the last decades. The solution to the problem lies in the change of focus: from local treatment to systemic therapy. The aim of this paper is to present the current status as well as the gaps in radiotherapy and, at the same time, to look into potential solutions to improve cancer control and survival.Methods. The currently available advanced radiotherapy treatment techniques have been analysed and their cost-effectiveness discussed. The problem of systemic disease management was specifically targeted.Results. Clinical studies show limited benefit in cancer control from hadron therapy. However, targeted therapies together with molecular imaging could improve treatment outcome for several tumour sites while controlling the systemic disease.Conclusion. The advances in photon therapy continue to be competitive with the much more expensive hadron therapy. To justify the cost effectiveness of proton/heavy ion therapy, there is a need for phase III randomised clinical trials. Furthermore, the success of systemic disease management lies in the fusion between radiation oncology technology and microbiology.
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36

Chalcraft, Tavia. "Viruses and cancer". Trends in Microbiology 2, nr 6 (czerwiec 1994): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0966-842x(94)90108-h.

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Soliman, Shimaa Hassan AbdelAziz, Arturo Orlacchio i Fabio Verginelli. "Viral Manipulation of the Host Epigenome as a Driver of Virus-Induced Oncogenesis". Microorganisms 9, nr 6 (30.05.2021): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061179.

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Tumorigenesis due to viral infection accounts for a high fraction of the total global cancer burden (15–20%) of all human cancers. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which viral infection leads to tumor development is extremely important. One of the main mechanisms by which viruses induce host cell proliferation programs is through controlling the host’s epigenetic machinery. In this review, we dissect the epigenetic pathways through which oncogenic viruses can integrate their genome into host cell chromosomes and lead to tumor progression. In addition, we highlight the potential use of drugs based on histone modifiers in reducing the global impact of cancer development due to viral infection.
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38

Spirina, Liudmila, Zahar Yurmazov, Evgeny Usynin, Irina Kondakova, Ekaterine Ladutko i Evgeny Choynzonov. "Regulation of Immunity in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma: Role of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2". Current Issues in Molecular Biology 43, nr 2 (6.09.2021): 1072–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb43020076.

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Regulation of immunity is a unique oncogenic mechanism that differs in different cancers. VHL deficient clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) trigger the immune response resulting in cancer progression. This study aimed to investigate PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 expression in ccRCC primary cancers and metastatic tissues associated with the p-VHL content, transcriptional, and growth factors expression. Methods: A total of 62 patients with RCC were enrolled in the study. Investigation of mRNA level was performed by PCR in real-time. Western blotting analysis was used for detecting the p-VHL protein content in tissues. Results: The PD-L2 prevalence in metastatic cancers is crucial in tumor progression. The VHL expression and p-VHL content determined the aggressive cancer behavior and elevated in disseminated tumors. The cancer dissemination was accompanied by an increase in both mRNA and VHL content. Conclusion: We present a new instrument targeting pathologies with p-VHL/HIF altered function that impact the PD-L2 expression through the change in transcriptional, growth factors, and AKT/mTOR modulation.
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39

Zielecka, Dominika, Krystian Lichoń, Adam Maciejczyk, Jerzy Błaszczyk, Dawid Błaszczyk i Rafał Matkowski. "Cytology screening tests and the incidence of cervical cancer in the Lower Silesia province in 2005-2014". Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 72 (25.01.2018): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8132.

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Introduction: Cervical cancer is the sixth most common malignant cancer in Poland, whereas in most EU countries it has not been included in the top ten in many years. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the impact of screening on the incidence of invasive and preinvasive cervical cancer in the Lower Silesia Province in 2005-2014. Material/Methods: 3,298 cervical cancer cases were analyzed (2,563 invasive cervical cancers and 735 preinvasive cancers) in women in the Lower Silesia Province, registered at the Lower Silesian Cancer Registry in 2005-2014. Results: Since the “Population-Based Cervical Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Program” was introduced in 2006, there has been a steady decrease in the incidence of invasive cervical cancer in the Lower Silesia Province in the group of women (aged 25-59) who receive screening tests. Unfortunately, there has also been a systematic increase in the number of women diagnosed with cervical cancer in the over-59 age group. In women who had screening tests in 2006-2014, cancer in situ accounted for 20-43% of all cervical cancer cases, while in women aged over 60 it was only 3-11%. Discussion: Analysis of trends in the incidence of invasive and preinvasive cervical cancer suggests positive effects of screening for early signs of cervical cancer, even though only a small percentage of the population receives such tests. In the entire Lower Silesian population of women, a downward trend (6 fewer cases per year) in the incidence of invasive cancer, and an upward trend (4 more cases per year) in the incidence of preinvasive cervical cancer are observed.
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40

Mahdavi, Manijeh, Isabelle Laforest-Lapointe i Eric Massé. "Preventing Colorectal Cancer through Prebiotics". Microorganisms 9, nr 6 (18.06.2021): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061325.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer in the world, has been recently rising in emerging countries due to environmental and lifestyle factors. Many of these factors are brought up by industrialization, which includes lack of physical activity, poor diet, circadian rhythm disruption, and increase in alcohol consumption. They can increase the risk of CRC by changing the colonic environment and by altering gut microbiota composition, a state referred to as gut dysbiosis. Prebiotics, which are nutrients that can help maintain intestinal microbial homeostasis and mitigate dysbiosis, could be beneficial in preventing inflammation and CRC. These nutrients can hinder the effects of dysbiosis by encouraging the growth of beneficial bacteria involved in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production, anti-inflammatory immunity, maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier, pro-apoptotic mechanisms, and other cellular mechanisms. This review aims to summarize recent reports about the implication of prebiotics, and probable mechanisms, in the prevention and treatment of CRC. Various experimental studies, specifically in gut microbiome, have effectively demonstrated the protective effect of prebiotics in the progress of CRC. Hence, comprehensive knowledge is urgent to understand the clinical applications of prebiotics in the prevention or treatment of CRC.
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41

Jarosz, Joanna, Diana Papiernik i Joanna Wietrzyk. "IL-33 – positive or negative role in cancer progression?" Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 73 (25.11.2019): 626–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5955.

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Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a IL-1 family member of cytokines which binds the ST2 (suppression of tumorigenicity 2) receptor. This cytokine has a dual function. It may act both as a traditional cytokine and as an intracellular nuclear factor. IL-33 plays a role in many diseases such as: allergy, inflammatory diseases, diabetes and heart diseases. The role of IL-33 in the development of cancer has been intensively studied in recent years and researchers observe both its pro- -and anti-cancer effects. IL-33 promotes the development of tumors by affecting expression of cytokines promoting proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, matrix remodeling, the inhibition of apoptosis and recruitment of individual cells of the immune system. Antitumor action of IL-33 is carried out by recruiting and activating CD8+T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells and by promoting second type immune response by the type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). Despite numerous studies on the role of IL-33 in the development of cancer, we still do not fully understand the mechanisms by which IL-33 impacts the development and malignancy of various types of cancers. This review summarizes the dual role of IL-33 in the development of the most common cancers in the world to better understand its importance in the carcinogenesis.
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42

Maurya, Reeta, Madhup Rastogi, Manodeep Sen, Ajai Kumar Singh i Somali Sanyal. "Effect of Chemo-radiotherapy on Salivary Flora of Oral Cancer Patients". Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 15, nr 3 (12.08.2021): 1501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.15.3.44.

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Management of cancers of oral cancers has remained a major challenge in India and globally. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are mostly employed for treatment which inflicts changes in oral mucosa and makes it vulnerable for bacterial colonization and eventual infections. This study aims at evaluating the changes in oropharyngeal flora (bacteria and yeast) in oral cancer patients treated by a combination of chemo-radiotherapy with the control groups comprising of non-cancerous patients living in the same environment. This prospective evaluation included Seventy-seven patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas in the study group. Whereas the control group comprised of twenty-five non-cancerous patients. Saliva samples were collected from patients with oral carcinomas and those of the control group for bacteriological examination, and were transported within 2 hours to the laboratory and immediately inoculated and incubated. The oral microflora samples collected were evaluated for the presence of bacteria in saliva in both study and control group of patients. We evaluated the change in salivary oral flora during chemo-radiotherapy treatment. A statistically significant increase in growth of normal as well as abnormal oral flora was observed post-radiation. Escherichia coli showed a significant decrease in post-RT and also near to significant in control. Various changes in salivary oral flora were observed during the course of chemo-radiotherapy in study and controls groups. This shows that there are some sensitive spots in the oral cavity where the occurrence of oral cancer is more.
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43

Zhao, ZhiYu, i Wei Liu. "Pancreatic Cancer: A Review of Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment". Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 19 (1.01.2020): 153303382096211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820962117.

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This review aims to summarize the latest knowledge on factors, diagnosis, and treatment of pancreatic cancer, and aims to promote further research on this under-studied malignant tumor. At present, we urgently need to identify high-risk patients with precancerous diseases through screening approaches, so that medical professionals and the general public may better understand prevention strategies or early detection measures. Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive malignant tumor with a fatal risk, mainly seen in men and older adults (60-85 years old). Pancreatic cancer is now increasingly observed in young patients. Because the disease has no early symptoms and can quickly invade surrounding tissues and organs, it is one of the deadliest cancers. With a view to identify the important factors for the development of pancreatic cancer, previous studies have found that smoking, alcohol, and chronic pancreatitis are considered high-risk factors. Recent studies have shown that abnormal metabolism of human microorganisms, blood type, and glucose and lipid levels are also important factors in the development of pancreatic cancer. Identifying early diagnosis options is an important way to improve detection and survival rates of pancreatic cancer. None of the many tumor markers associated with pancreatic cancer are highly specific, which also indicates further research is required to improve the early detection rate. Future directions in terms of treatment evaluating the relationship between the microbiology-free system and immunotherapy will bring a major breakthrough and is expected to bring exciting clinical applications in improving the life-cycle of pancreatic cancer patients.
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44

Gazel, Deniz, i Mehmet Yılmaz. "Are infectious diseases and microbiology new fields for thermal therapy research?" International Journal of Hyperthermia 34, nr 7 (25.02.2018): 918–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02656736.2018.1440015.

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45

Sanderson, Christopher M., i Debi P. Nayak. "Current topics in microbiology and immunology: Protein traffic in eukatyotic cells". Virus Research 26, nr 2 (listopad 1992): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(92)90156-4.

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46

Rinninella, Emanuele, Pauline Raoul, Marco Cintoni, Marta Palombaro, Gabriele Pulcini, Antonio Gasbarrini i Maria Cristina Mele. "Nutritional Interventions Targeting Gut Microbiota during Cancer Therapies". Microorganisms 9, nr 7 (9.07.2021): 1469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071469.

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The gut microbiome is increasingly being recognized for its influence on intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders such as cancer. Today, diet is the most studied environmental modulator of gut microbiota, capable of altering or improving it in terms of richness and diversity. Recent evidence from several preclinical and clinical trials suggested that gut microbiota composition could modulate cancer therapies (toxicities, treatment responses) and vice versa. This review highlights the latest research on the bidirectional associations between gut microbiota and cancer. We also dissect the role of gut microbiota during cancer therapies in terms of toxicity and treatment response and, in turn, how cancer therapies could impact gut microbiota composition and functions. In this context, we summarize the state-of-the-art research regarding the role of various nutritional interventions—prebiotics, dietary strategies, and dietary restrictions—as cutting-edge possibilities to modulate gut microbiota during cancer therapies.
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47

Cherif, Soumia, Kaoutar Bouriat, Hanane Rais, Said Elantri i Abdessamad Amine. "Helicobacter pylori and Biliary Tract Cancers: A Meta-Analysis". Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2020 (14.04.2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9287157.

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Background. Helicobacter pylori is detected in various extragastric diseases, including biliary tract cancers. Besides, gallbladder cancers, extracholangiocarcinomas, and intracholangiocarcinomas are highly lethal cancers with limited survival due to their late diagnosis. Epidemiological data on Helicobacter pylori infection and biliary tract cancer have been contradictory. Aim. The aim of this study is to explore and evaluate the association between the Helicobacter pylori infection and biliary tract cancer. Materials and Methods. Systematic literature research was carried out to identify all eligible articles. All relevant publications from 2000 to 2019 were retrieved using comprehensive combinations of keywords. We used a random effects model to calculate pooled prevalence estimates, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for odds ratio were also calculated. Quantitative assessment of heterogeneity was explored by the chi-square test and was measured using I2. Results. Thirteen case-control studies published between 2001 and 2018 were included. The overall meta-analysis favoured a significant association between Helicobacter pylori infection and biliary tract cancer (OR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.35–4.91; I2 = 58%). Geographic distribution-based subgroup analysis showed a higher prevalence of H. pylori in Asian and North American countries. Evidence supporting the higher presence of Helicobacter pylori in a cancer group was found by PCR. In another subgroup, the ORs were 4.18 (2.03, 8.58) in cholangiocarcinoma, 1.36 (0.34, 5.44) in gallbladder cancer, and 5.93 (1.89, 18.63) in other biliary tract cancers. Conclusion. This meta-analysis suggests that infection of the biliary tract with Helicobacter pylori is related to an increased risk of biliary tract cancers.
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48

Alexander, Barbara D. "Infections in Cancer Patients:Infections in Cancer Patients". Clinical Infectious Diseases 40, nr 4 (15.02.2005): 640–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/427705.

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49

Yu, Nanmeng, Shelby Puckett, Peter A. Antinozzi, Scott D. Cramer i Douglas S. Lyles. "Changes in Susceptibility to Oncolytic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus during Progression of Prostate Cancer". Journal of Virology 89, nr 10 (4.03.2015): 5250–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00257-15.

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ABSTRACTA major challenge to oncolytic virus therapy is that individual cancers vary in their sensitivity to oncolytic viruses, even when these cancers arise from the same tissue type. Variability in response may arise due to differences in the initial genetic lesions leading to cancer development. Alternatively, susceptibility to viral oncolysis may change during cancer progression. These hypotheses were tested using cells from a transgenic mouse model of prostate cancer infected with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Primary cultures from murine cancers derived from prostate-specificPtendeletion contained a mixture of cells that were susceptible and resistant to VSV. Castration-resistant cancers contained a higher percentage of susceptible cells than cancers from noncastrated mice. These results indicate both susceptible and resistant cells can evolve within the same tumor. The role ofPtendeletion was further investigated using clonal populations of murine prostate epithelial (MPE) progenitor cells and tumor-derivedPten−/−cells. Deletion ofPtenin MPE progenitor cells using a lentivirus vector resulted in cells that responded poorly to interferon and were susceptible to VSV infection. In contrast, tumor-derivedPten−/−cells expressed higher levels of the antiviral transcription factor STAT1, activated STAT1 in response to VSV, and were resistant to VSV infection. These results suggest that early in tumor development followingPtendeletion, cells are primarily sensitive to VSV, but subsequent evolution in tumors leads to development of cells that are resistant to VSV infection. Further evolution in castration-resistant tumors leads to tumors in which cells are primarily sensitive to VSV.IMPORTANCEThere has been a great deal of progress in the development of replication-competent viruses that kill cancer cells (oncolytic viruses). However, a major problem is that individual cancers vary in their sensitivity to oncolytic viruses, even when these cancers arise from the same tissue type. The experiments presented here were to determine whether both sensitive and resistant cells are present in prostate cancers originating from a single genetic lesion in transgenic mice, prostate-specific deletion of the gene for the tumor suppressor Pten. The results indicate that murine prostate cancers are composed of both cells that are sensitive and cells that are resistant to oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Furthermore, androgen deprivation led to castration-resistant prostate cancers that were composed primarily of cells that were sensitive to VSV. These results are encouraging for the use of VSV for the treatment of prostate cancers that are resistant to androgen deprivation therapy.
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50

Miller, Tamara P., Yimei Li, Marko Kavcic, Andrea B. Troxel, Yuan-Shun V. Huang, Lillian Sung, Todd A. Alonzo i in. "Accuracy of Adverse Event Ascertainment in Clinical Trials for Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia". Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, nr 13 (1.05.2016): 1537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.65.5860.

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Purpose Reporting of adverse events (AEs) in clinical trials is critical to understanding treatment safety, but data on AE accuracy are limited. This study sought to determine the accuracy of AE reporting for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia clinical trials and to test whether an external electronic data source can improve reporting. Methods Reported AEs were evaluated on two trials, Children’s Oncology Group AAML03P1 and AAML0531 arm B, with identical chemotherapy regimens but with different toxicity reporting requirements. Chart review for 12 AEs for patients enrolled in AAML0531 at 14 hospitals was the gold standard. The sensitivity and positive predictive values (PPV) of the AAML0531 AE report and AEs detected by review of Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) billing and microbiology data were compared with chart data. Results Select AE rates from AAML03P1 and AAML0531 arm B differed significantly and correlated with the targeted toxicities of each trial. Chart abstraction was performed on 204 patients (758 courses) on AAML0531. AE report sensitivity was < 50% for eight AEs, but PPV was > 75% for six AEs. AE reports for viridans group streptococcal bacteremia, a targeted toxicity on AAML0531, had a sensitivity of 78.3% and PPV of 98.1%. PHIS billing data had higher sensitivity (> 50% for nine AEs), but lower PPV (< 75% for 10 AEs). Viridans group streptococcal detection using PHIS microbiology data had high sensitivity (92.3%) and PPV (97.3%). Conclusion The current system of AE reporting for cooperative oncology group clinical trials in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia underestimates AE rates. The high sensitivity and PPV of PHIS microbiology data suggest that using external data sources may improve the accuracy of AE reporting.
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