Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Cancer diagnosis”
Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Cancer diagnosis.
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 50 najlepszych artykułów w czasopismach naukowych na temat „Cancer diagnosis”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj artykuły w czasopismach z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
1
Greener, Mark. "Improving cancer diagnosis". Nursing and Residential Care 22, nr 11 (2.11.2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/nrec.2020.22.11.7.
Pełny tekst źródła
2
Agarwal, Saumya, i Mamta Gupta. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Cytological Sampling Techniques by Bronchoscopy in the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer". Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 5, nr 5 (29.05.2018): A354–361. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apalm.1720.
Pełny tekst źródła
3
Stefan, Niţu Teodor, Savin Silvia, Costea Daniel Ovidiu, Sârbu Vasile, Şerban Silvia i Niţu Irina. "Ovarian Cancer - Accidental Diagnosis?" ARS Medica Tomitana 24, nr 1 (1.02.2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsm-2018-0001.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Ovarian cancer is perhaps the most “worst” pathology in women’s genital area and represents the greatest diagnostic challenge and surgical treatment of genital cancers, and as much as the disease has a onset and asymptomatic evolution to the advanced stages or with a confused symptom. The present study was performed due to the following factors characterizing ovarian cancer: increasing incidence, early diagnosis, lack of screening methods, difficult anatomopathological differentiation even for experienced anatomopathologists.
4
Fedorenko, Catherine R., Karma L. Kreizenbeck, Li Li, Laura Elizabeth Panattoni, Veena Shankaran i Scott David Ramsey. "Stage at cancer diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in western Washington state." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, nr 28_suppl (1.10.2021): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.145.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
145 Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted medical care, including routine cancer screening for breast, colorectal, lung and cervical cancers. We aimed to investigate the impact of the pandemic on stage at diagnosis for cancer patients. Methods: Using data from the Washington State SEER records we compared AJCC stage for patients diagnosed with cancer in 2017-2019 to 2020 for two time periods, March to June (initial pandemic months) and July to December (later pandemic months). Patients were included if they were age 18+, diagnosed with a solid tumor, and not diagnosed at autopsy. Results: In the early phase of the pandemic, March – June 2020, there was a shift to cancers being diagnosed at a later stage compared to the same time period in 2017-2019 (Stage III: 13.5% to 14.9%, Stage IV: 16.2% to 19.7%). There was also a decrease in cancer diagnoses for cancers that are often detected through routine screening. As a percentage of all cancer diagnoses, both melanoma (13.2% to 9.8%) and colon cancer diagnoses (7.2% to. 6.7%) decreased during the early pandemic. In the later phase of the pandemic, July to December 2020, the stage at diagnosis showed an indication of returning to pre-pandemic levels with an increase in the proportion of early stage cancers (In situ: 16.6% to 19.3%, Stage I: 38.8% to 41.1%). Stage at diagnosis trends varied by tumor type. For colorectal cancer, the overall number of diagnoses decreased during the initial pandemic months. Stage I diagnoses decreased and Stage IV cancer diagnoses increased in both early and late stages of the pandemic. Conclusions: In Washington State, the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on stage at diagnosis potentially caused by delays or interruptions in medical care. Additional studies are needed to understand how this shift in stage at diagnosis impacted treatment and outcomes for patients.
5
Brody, Herb. "Cancer diagnosis". Nature 579, nr 7800 (marzec 2020): S1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00840-9.
Pełny tekst źródła
6
Cutress, RI, i T. Gathani. "Cancer diagnosis". Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 105, nr 4 (kwiecień 2023): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2023.0026.
Pełny tekst źródła
7
Gantsev, S. Kh, A. I. Pukhalenko, A. A. Romaniukha, I. A. Chulina, A. N. Chulin i A. B. Poletaev. "IMMUNOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER. PROTOTYPING". Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation 1, nr 3 (15.09.2019): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36425/2658-6843-2019-3-58-62.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
A prototype of the method of immunochemical detection of different types of solid cancers (primary and recurrent) in the early stages was developed. According to the initial hypothesis, the sera of patients with malignant tumors of different localization and different histological nature, contain different sets of autoantibodies (auto-Ab) of IgG class to many cancer-associated antigens (CA-AG). The content of such auto-Ab differs in cancer patients and patients with non-malignant chronic diseases, which determines the difference in serum immunoreactivity profiles of cancer patients and patients with non-malignant diseases. Confirmation of this hypothesis opens up prospects for the creation of simple and cheap laboratory methods of mass preventive examination of the population for the early detection of different cancers. The confirmation of the hypothesis was obtained. Moreover, even with non-optimal sets of test antigens, with the help of solid-phase ELISA it was possible to achieve sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 68% in the differentiation of blood sera of cancer (lung, stomach, ovary, prostate) and non-cancer patients (chronic inflammatory diseases of the lungs, stomach, ovary, prostate) and nearly 90% in the differentiation of healthy individuals from cancer patients.
8
Abdinazarova, I. S., N. E. Atakhanova i N. I. Tursunova. "COMPARATIVE CONCLUSIONS OF DIAGNOSIS IN UTERINE BODY CANCER". International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research 03, nr 04 (1.04.2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/volume03issue04-01.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Evaluation of the effectiveness and diagnostic accuracy of the Pipelle device in the early stages of endometrial sampling, precancerous diseases, including endometrial hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, endometrial polyps, and various histological types of endometrial cancer, compared to the traditional curette.
9
Maplethorpe, Emily, Emily V. Walker, Trenton Smith, Faith G. Davis i Yan Yuan. "The Importance of Cancer Registry Linkage for Studying Rare Cancers in Prospective Cohorts". Journal of Cancer Epidemiology 2020 (25.11.2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2895276.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Large prospective cohort studies may offer an opportunity to study the etiology and natural history of rare cancers. Cancer diagnoses in observational cohort studies are often self-reported. Little information exists on the validity of self-reported cancer diagnosis, especially rare cancers, in Canada. This study evaluated the validity of self-reported cancer diagnosis in Alberta’s Tomorrow Project (ATP), a provincial cohort in Canada. ATP data were linked to the Alberta Cancer Registry (ACR). The first instance of self-reported cancer in a follow-up survey was compared to the first cancer diagnosis in the ACR after enrollment. The sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) were estimated for the reporting of cancer status, reporting of common or rare cancer, and reporting of site-specific cancer. Logistic regression analysis explored factors associated with false positive, false negative, and incorrect cancer site reporting. In the 30,843 ATP participants who consented to registry linkage, there were 810 primary cancer diagnoses in the ACR and 959 self-reports of first cancer post-enrollment, for a cancer status sensitivity of 92.1% (95% CI: 90.0-93.9) and PPV of 77.8% (95% CI: 75.0-80.4). Compared to common cancers, rare cancers had a lower sensitivity (62.8% vs. 89.6%) and PPV (35.8% vs. 84.5%). Participants with a rare cancer were more likely to report an incorrect site than those with a common cancer. Rare cancers were less likely to be captured by active follow-up than common cancers. While rare cancer research may be feasible in large cohort studies, registry linkage is necessary to capture rare cancer diagnoses completely and accurately.
10
Waheed, Amina. "Pathways to cancer diagnosis: current state and recommendations". British Journal of General Practice 73, suppl 1 (lipiec 2023): bjgp23X734313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp23x734313.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
BackgroundDiagnosing cancer early is crucial in improving patient outcomes. Primary care networks are encouraged to audit routes to cancer diagnosis, as suggested by the Network Contract Directed Enhanced Service Early Cancer Diagnosis Guidance.AimWe aim to measure how many patients were diagnosed with cancer in the period of April 2021 to March 2022 at an Essex GP practice, and for each of those patients, to ascertain the route of their diagnosis. We also conducted learning event analyses for patients whose diagnoses were not detected through 2-week wait (2WW) or screening.MethodSystmOne Read codes were utilised to identify all patients coded with ‘cancer’, and ‘fast-track cancer referral’. We measured the conversion rate of 2WW referrals to cancer diagnoses. For diagnoses not detected via 2WW or screening, we analysed patient notes for previous consultations and eventual route to diagnosis.ResultsIn total, 160 2WW referrals were made with a 6.25% conversion rate to cancer diagnoses. In total, 26 patients were diagnosed with cancer. Seventeen patients were diagnosed through 2WW, three through national screening programmes, three through accident and emergency, two through routine referral, and one through incidental finding. For the six patients not diagnosed through 2WW or screening, reasons why included poor patient engagement with healthcare services, referrals requiring chasing, patients passed between specialties, and failure to detect pertinent clinical signs.ConclusionIt is promising that the majority of cancers are diagnosed through 2WW and screening; however, improving patient engagement, streamlining referrals, and thorough clinical examination and documentation will reduce delayed or missed diagnoses.
11
Hennebery, Ruth B., i William R. Robinson. "The occurrence of human papilloma virus (HPV)-related cancers in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women compliant with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, nr 7_suppl (1.03.2018): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.7_suppl.185.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
185 Background: HAART has been demonstrated effective at maintaining immunocompetence (as measured in part by CD4 levels) and reducing the occurrence and severity of cervical cancer in HIV-infected women. Conversely, rapid disease progression, poor treatment response and the development of multiple cancers has been associate with suboptimal HIV therapy and low CD4 counts. Methods: 17 HIV-infected women presenting to an inner-city, academic medical center from 1996-2016 were diagnosed with cervical cancer and at least one other HPV-associated cancer. Data recorded include: year of diagnosis and treatment for cervical cancer; the type, year of diagnosis and treatment of subsequent HPV-associated cancers; compliance with HAART and CD4 counts at diagnosis and death (if applicable). Results: 15/17 (88.2%) used HAART and had CD4 counts > 200 at cervical cancer diagnosis. The time from diagnosis of cervical cancer to a second HPV-associated cancer was 0-19 years, with 52.9% developing a second cancer within 3 years. Second cancer diagnoses included vulvar(9), vaginal(2), anal(3), oropharyngeal(1), urethral(1), and bladder/urethral(1). Seven patients developed third cancers: anal(3), oropharyngeal(3), vaginal(1). Conclusions: Despite the effective use of HAART, HIV-infected women appear to be at risk for the development of multiple cancers following a diagnosis of cervical cancer, even years to decades later. Screening for HPV-associated cancers (including oropharyngeal) should therefore be maintained and emphasized, even in highly compliant subjects with adequate CD4 levels.
12
Jia, Sangyang, Harminder Singh, Heidi Rothenmund, Allison Feely, Oliver Bucher i Christina Kim. "Outcomes for patients with Lynch Syndrome in Manitoba." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, nr 16_suppl (1.06.2023): e22548-e22548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.e22548.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
e22548 Background: Lynch Syndrome (LS) is the leading cause of hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) and is also associated with an increased risk of extracolonic cancers including endometrial, ovarian, upper gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary malignancies. Since 2013 in Manitoba, Canada, all CRC surgical specimens in patients ≤70 undergo reflex screening for the mismatch repair (MMR) proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) via immunohistochemistry. Since 2016, all endometrial cancers (EC) in patients ≤60 undergo similar reflex screening. The aim of this study was to examine the demographics, treatments and outcomes of patients with LS in Manitoba who have had a cancer diagnosis. Methods: Patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) LS gene variants in Manitoba from 1999 were identified using records from the Program of Genetics and Metabolism. Those with a cancer diagnosis were identified using the Manitoba Cancer Registry (MCR). Non-melanomatous skin cancers and in-situ cancers were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to report patient characteristics, LS gene variants, cancer diagnoses, treatments and outcomes. A survival analysis was undertaken using a matched cohort of patients with a diagnosis of CRC from 2004 to 2021 to compare overall survival (OS) between those with and without LS gene variants. A landmark survival analysis was performed to compare OS between those who had CRC before or after LS diagnosis. Results: 311 individuals with P/LP LS gene variants (96% pathogenic) and a record in the MCR were identified. The most common gene was MLH1 (33%), followed by MSH2 (29%), MSH6 (20%), PMS2 (16%) and EPCAM (2%). Most (72%) LS diagnoses occurred after 2014. There were 310 cancer diagnoses. The most common cancers amongst patients with LS were CRC (56%), EC (21%), urinary tract (5%), and ovarian (4%). Most cancer diagnoses (56%) occurred between 40-59 years old; 52% had stage I-II disease; 89% underwent surgery, 17% radiation & 40% received systemic therapy. Of 12 patients diagnosed with cancer at < 30 years old, 7 (58%) carried an MLH1 variant and 5 (42%) an MSH2 variant. 75 patients had ≥2 cancer diagnoses, 27 with an MLH1 variant (range 2-4); 30 MSH2 (2-5), 7 MSH6 (2-3), 9 PMS2 (2-3), 2 EPCAM (2-3). Using a matched CRC cohort to compare OS between those with and without LS, controlling for age, stage, sex, year of diagnosis, income quintile and treatment received, LS diagnosis was associated with a trend towards lower risk of death (HR 0.456, 95% CI 0.205-1.012, p = 0.053). There was no difference in OS according to whether a CRC diagnosis occurred pre- or post- LS diagnosis (p = 0.120). Conclusions: In this population-based study, the most common cancer diagnoses in patients with LS were CRC and EC. Many patients were diagnosed at a young age & experienced multiple cancer diagnoses. More LS diagnoses occurred after 2014, supporting the role of reflex tumor testing. Amongst those diagnosed with CRC, LS is associated with a trend towards improved OS.
13
Shuja, Naveed. "Nanotechnology: Revolutionizing Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment". DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICO-LIFE-SCIENCES 1, nr 1 (6.07.2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.69750/dmls.01.01.032.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Nanotechnology: Revolutionizing Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment The creation of nanotechnology marks a pivotal transformation within the landscape of cancer diagnosis and treatment. As we stand getting ready to this technological revolution, the potential of nanotechnology to significantly beautify the precision, efficiency, and effectiveness of most cancers care is becoming increasingly evident[1]. This editorial explores the profound impact nanotechnology is having on most cancers analysis and treatment, highlighting key improvements and their implications for the future of oncology[2]. The Promise of Nanotechnology in Cancer Care Nanotechnology, the science of manipulating materials at the atomic and molecular scale, has opened new frontiers in medication, particularly in oncology. Its capacity to interact with organic structures at the mobile and molecular degrees lets in for unparalleled precision in diagnosing and treating most cancers. Nano-enzymes, nanoparticles, and nanocarriers are most of the modern tools being advanced and deployed to combat cancer more correctly. Enhancing Cancer Diagnosis Traditional most cancers diagnostic methods frequently be afflicted by obstacles in sensitivity and specificity, leading to delayed detection and suboptimal remedy outcomes. Nanotechnology addresses these demanding situations via allowing the development of relatively touchy diagnostic gear that could detect cancer at its earliest stages. For example, nanoparticles may be engineered to target particular cancer biomarkers, imparting extra correct and early detection as compared to traditional imaging strategies[3, 4]. Biosensors incorporating nanoparticles have proven exceptional efficacy in detecting trace levels of cancer-associated biomolecules in physical fluids, facilitating non-invasive and fast analysis. This early detection is essential for enhancing prognosis and survival rates, because it lets in for timely intervention and treatment[5]. Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment Nanotechnology's effect on cancer remedy is equally transformative. One of the maximum massive improvements is the improvement of focused drug delivery structures. Traditional chemotherapy, while powerful, regularly consequences in intense aspect effects due to its non-particular nature, affecting each cancerous and healthy cell. Nanoparticles may be designed to supply chemotherapeutic sellers without delay to tumor cells, minimizing harm to healthy tissue and lowering aspect consequences[6]. Moreover, the particular houses of nanoparticles, which include their size, surface place, and functionalization capacity, allow for the controlled release of therapeutic retailers. This guarantees that the drug attention remains in the therapeutic window for an extended period, enhancing its efficacy and decreasing the frequency of administration[7]. Emerging Therapies and Innovations Recent research has established the potential of nanotechnology in developing novel cancer healing procedures. For example, nano-enzymes have shown promise in improving the effectiveness of radiotherapy via growing the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation. Additionally, nanotechnology is facilitating the improvement of immunotherapies, wherein nanoparticles are used to modulate the immune gadget's response to most cancers cells, improving the body's herbal potential to fight most cancers[8].Furthermore, the combination of nanotechnology with different rising fields, such as artificial intelligence and personalised medication, is paving the way for the next technology of most cancers’ treatments. AI algorithms can analyse substantial datasets to identify patterns and expect responses to nanotechnology-based totally cures, enabling customized treatment plans tailored to character sufferers' genetic and molecular profiles[9]. Challenges and Future Directions While the ability of nanotechnology in most cancers care is sizeable, numerous demanding situations stay. Ensuring the safety and biocompatibility of nanoparticles is paramount, as their lengthy-time period outcomes on the human frame aren't but absolutely understood. Regulatory frameworks want to adapt to hold pace with those improvements, making sure that new nanotechnology-based treatments are thoroughly evaluated for safety and efficacy[9, 10].Future research needs to cognizance on overcoming those challenges and expanding the packages of nanotechnology in cancer care. Interdisciplinary collaborations among oncologists, nanotechnologists, and regulatory our bodies will be important in translating these innovations from the lab to the clinic[11, 12]. CONCLUSION Nanotechnology is certainly revolutionizing cancer analysis and remedy, presenting new hope for patients and remodelling the landscape of oncology. As we hold to discover and harness the capacity of this cutting-edge generation, the dream of greater powerful, less invasive, and customized most cancers care is turning into a reality. The ongoing advancements in nanotechnology promise to not simplest improve patient results but also pave the manner for a destiny in which most cancers are a doable, and possibly even curable, circumstance.
14
F., Mohammad, Hala M. Sbaih i Mohamed J. Saadh. "Salivary Inflammatory Mediators in Cancer Diagnosis". Sumerianz Journal of Medical and Healthcare, nr 41 (23.02.2021): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.41.23.27.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide; it can be successfully treated in the early stages. Screening for cancer should be performed in safe, accurate, cost-effective, and non-invasive techniques and therefore achieved the patient convenience. The salivary diagnosis could be a promising era in oncological fields, which have some correlations with serum biomarkers in certain cancers. In this paper, we reviewed some of the salivary biomarkers in detecting different cancers and their origins [genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and microbiota].
15
Maxwell, Susanne, Mary Kynn, David Weller, Lesley Anderson i Peter Murchie. "Revisiting Cancer Diagnosis in Scotland: Further Insights from the Second Scottish National Cancer Diagnosis Audit". European Journal of Cancer Care 2024 (14.02.2024): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/1117968.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Objective. To characterise cancer diagnosis in Scottish primary care in 2018/19 and draw comparisons with diagnostic activity in 2014. Methods. A national audit of cancer diagnosis undertaken in Scottish general practices. Participating GPs collected diagnostic pathway data on patients diagnosed with cancer in 2018/19 from medical records. These data were supplemented by linkage to the Scottish Cancer Registry and previous audit data from 2014. Analyses explored and compared patient demographics, presentation, diagnostic routes, and intervals. Results. Seventy-three practices submitted data on 2,014 cases in 2014 and 90 practices submitted data on 2,318 cases in 2018/2019. Individual demographics and types of cancer were similar. There was a higher proportion of USC (urgent suspected cancer) referrals in 2019 than 2014 (42.9% vs 38.1%, p=0.008) but a similar proportion of emergency presentations (19.2% vs 20.4%). Primary care (median 4 (IQR 0–22) vs 5 (0–23)) and diagnostic intervals (27 (10–59) vs 30 (13–68)) were similar in both periods. Significantly fewer (24.5% vs 28.3, p=0.015) had a diagnostic interval >60 days in 2019 than 2014. Harder to diagnose cancers were more likely to present as emergencies and be subject to prolonged delays in both cohorts. Conclusions. The 2014 and 2018/19 cohorts were broadly similar. There is limited evidence that USC use had increased between 2014 and 2018/19. Harder to diagnose cancers are still most likely to present as emergencies and be subject to delays. Overall, it seems there were small improvements in cancer diagnosis prepandemic and a further audit could examine evidence for a postpandemic recovery.
16
Akushevich, Igor, Arseniy Yashkin, Vinit Nalawade i Julia Kravchenko. "RISK OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIA IN PATIENTS WITH SLOW PROGRESSIVE CANCERS". Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (1.12.2023): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1295.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Evidence is accumulating that individuals with cancer diagnoses exhibit Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementia (ADRD) risk profiles that differ from the general population of U.S. older adults. In this study we used SEER-Medicare data to compare the relative risk of AD/ADRD between individuals with slow-progressive cancers and the non-cancer general population. The study cohort included individuals age 65+ (N=2,023,054) with a primary diagnosis (1999-2017) of one of nine slow progressive cancers (breast, colorectal, prostate, uterine, kidney, ovarian, and urinary bladder cancers, as well as lymphomas and melanoma) and no clinical record of AD/ADRD prior to cancer diagnosis. This cohort was then matched by age to a comparable non-cancer population (N=1,142,641). The hazard ratios of AD/ADRD for each cancer compared to the non-cancer cohort were evaluated individually in 29 age-specific groups for each cancer type. All cancers had similar patterns of dependence for post-cancer AD/ADRD risks. We found that the presence of cancer was associated with higher risk of AD/ADRD at age at diagnosis 65-75; the relative risks decline with age at diagnoses becoming protective at advanced ages. Furthermore, for any given age at diagnosis the relative risk of AD/ADRD (i.e., cancer vs. non-cancer) also declines with time. Detailed discussion of possible causes of these effects including cancer treatment, genetic variation, possible trade-off effects, common risk and protective factors, possibly lower administration and adherence of AD/ADRD diagnostic procedures for individuals with cancer, and the roles of competing risks (first of all due to death cases) is presented.
17
Zahed, Hana, Xiaoshuang Feng, Mahdi Sheikh, Melina Arnold, Freddie Bray, Jacques Ferlay, Meredith Shiels i Hilary Robbins. "Age at Diagnosis for Lung, Colon, Breast, and Prostate Cancers: An International Comparative Study". JCO Global Oncology 8, Supplement_1 (maj 2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.22.47000.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
PURPOSE Differences in the age at diagnosis for lung, colon, breast, and prostate cancers have been reported between low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs). However, this may be influenced by differences in the population age distributions across countries. We aimed to compare the median age at diagnosis for these cancers after adjusting for population age differences. METHODS We analyzed data from the Cancer Incidence in 5 Continents (CI5) Volume XI database. It includes information on cancer diagnoses during 2008 to 2012 from cancer registries in 66 countries. We calculated crude median ages at diagnosis for each cancer in each country, and then performed indirect standardization using the age-specific UN world population estimate to remove the influence of population age structure. RESULTS Overall, the adjustment for population age structure tended to increase the median ages at diagnosis in LMICs which have younger populations, and decrease them in HICs which have older populations. After standardization, differences between the youngest and oldest median ages of diagnosis across cancer sites were: 11 years for lung cancer (youngest median age observed was 61 in Bulgaria v 71 in Bahrain), 10 years for colon cancer (59 in Iran v 69 New Zealand), 10 years for breast (49 in Algeria v 59 Iceland), and 8 years for prostate cancer (65 in USA v 73 in the Philippines). LMICs had younger ages at diagnosis for colon cancer but older ages at diagnosis for prostate cancer as compared with HICs. Countries with higher smoking prevalence had younger ages at lung cancer diagnosis ( P value Pearson correlation = 0.0025). CONCLUSION For lung, colon, breast, and prostate cancers, the differences across countries in the median age at diagnosis range from 8 to 11 years after adjusting for population age distribution. These differences likely reflect population-level variation in risk factors and screening.
18
Aqueel Kashif Niyaz, Md. "Delay in Diagnosis of Geriatic Cancer - A Retrospective Analysis". International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, nr 1 (5.01.2024): 693–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24109114211.
Pełny tekst źródła
19
J James, Veronica. "Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using Hair". Acta Scientific Cancer Biology 4, nr 2 (18.01.2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/ascb.2020.04.diagnosis-of-breast-cancer-using-hair.
Pełny tekst źródła
20
Hong, Julian C., Elizabeth R. Hauser, Thomas S. Redding, Kellie J. Sims, Ziad F. Gellad, Meghan O'Leary, Ashton Madison i in. "Characterization of temporal relationships of comorbidities developed following cancer diagnoses in veterans." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2019): e18049-e18049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e18049.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
e18049 Background: Understanding patient trajectories and common sequences of comorbidity accrual among those newly diagnosed with cancer is critical for precision approaches to care and prevention. The Veterans Affairs (VA) Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) #380 cohort includes 3,121 healthy asymptomatic veterans who underwent screening colonoscopy and were followed for at least ten years. The current analysis leverages computational approaches to characterize the temporal relationships of diagnoses in CSP #380 participants following diagnosis of colorectal or other cancers. Methods: Patients enrolled in CSP #380 with at least 5 years of linked electronic health record data from the VA Corporate Data Warehouse (October 1999-December 2015) were included. Cancer diagnoses and their most common subsequent new diagnoses were identified per patient by the first instance of each three-digit ICD-9 diagnosis affecting at least 50 patients. Pairwise chronological relative risks (RR) between subsequent diagnoses were represented as a directed network graph, which maps the probability of developing a diagnosis following a prior diagnosis. Results: A total of 2,210 patients were included. The most common cancer diagnoses were prostate (436), thoracic (169), bladder (120), colon (72), and kidney cancers (65). Most first diagnoses following a cancer diagnosis were related to progressive cancer or acute/subacute treatment toxicity. For prostate cancer, comorbidities with greatest RR were carcinoma in situ (RR 6.85), unspecified (NOS) metastases (2.75), and urethral stricture (2.53). For lung cancer, they were metastases of respiratory and digestive sites (12.24), lymph nodes (6.47), and NOS (5.68), pneumothorax and air leak (4.16), and convalescence and palliative care (3.07). In bladder cancer, they were carcinoma in situ (9.00), cystitis (6.78), kidney or other urinary cancer (6.19), attention to artificial openings (3.40), and urethral stricture (2.78). These and other results were visualized with network graphs. Conclusions: Computational techniques can identify and visualize future health concerns following cancer diagnoses. In this cohort of initially healthy and asymptomatic veterans on a prospective screening colonoscopy study, most subsequent diagnoses were related to cancer or toxicities of therapy, as might be expected in an aging cohort. Future work may focus on streamlining in-clinic identification of potential high likelihood comorbidities.
21
Hathaway, Christine, Peter Paetsch, Yali Li, Jincao Wu, Sam Asgarian, Alex Parker, Alley Welsh, Patricia A. Deverka i Ariella Cohain. "Utilizing commercial health insurance claims data to identify the impact of cancer screening and estimate the added benefit of a multicancer liquid biopsy ordered during routine physical exams." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2021): e22516-e22516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e22516.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
e22516 Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Survival varies by cancer type, but treatment of earlier stage cancer is consistently associated with improved survival relative to treatment of later stage cancers, highlighting that earlier detection is critical to improving patient outcomes. While most current cancer screening modalities require dedicated clinic visits, a multi-cancer liquid biopsy (i.e. a blood test) could enable screening for multiple cancers during routine physical exams. Methods: Five years of longitudinal data for 750,000 individuals from the Blue Health Intelligence national database were used to identify mammography utilization and breast cancer diagnoses. We identified incident cases and used univariate ordinal logistic regression to evaluate the association of breast cancer screening with earlier stage at diagnosis. We then identified all other incident cancers and characterized physical exam utilization in the two years prior to diagnosis. Results: Absence of claims for biennial screening mammograms as well as longer times from screening to diagnosis were associated with more advanced stage at breast cancer diagnosis. Women who were not screened (N = 400) had 155% increased odds of a later-stage (stage III or IV) breast cancer diagnosis when compared with women who were screened via mammography (N = 1,365) ( p < 0.001). Elapsed time from the most recent screening mammogram to breast cancer diagnosis was also significantly associated with cancer stage. Women with a longer time lapse ( > 4 months) between their most recent screening mammogram and diagnosis (N = 356) had 87% increased odds of a later-stage breast cancer diagnosis (p < 0.001). This is consistent with guidelines emphasizing the importance of screening to detect early-stage cancers. Among all incident breast cancer cases, 23% (N = 400) had no evidence of a screening mammogram in the two years before diagnosis. However, 49% (N = 196) of these women did have a routine physical examination during that same period. On this basis, we estimate that an additional 11% of breast cancer cases could have been screened for if a liquid biopsy test was utilized during those physical exams. Extending this analysis to include all incident cancer cases, 60% (N = 5,022) of the cohort had a routine physical exam in the two years prior to their cancer diagnosis. Conclusions: Our analyses confirm the association of cancer screening with earlier stage at diagnosis for breast cancer. Further, this research suggests opportunities to screen for and potentially intercept 60% of all incident cancer cases by incorporating a multi-cancer blood-based test into routine care. Given the importance of improving early cancer detection rates, additional clinical work extending the initial conclusions presented here is warranted.
22
Nelson, Michael T. "Breast Cancer Diagnosis". Postgraduate Medicine 108, nr 5 (październik 2000): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3810/pgm.2000.10.1268.
Pełny tekst źródła
23
Ellis, Ian, John Fox i Bill Gullick. "Cancer 2025: Diagnosis". Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 4, sup1 (czerwiec 2004): S23—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.4.5.s23.
Pełny tekst źródła
24
MOORE, GEORGE E. "Breast Cancer Diagnosis". Archives of Surgery 123, nr 8 (1.08.1988): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1988.01400320110026.
Pełny tekst źródła
25
Fanaras, Nikolaos, i Saman Warnakulasuriya. "Oral Cancer Diagnosis in Primary Care". Primary Dental Journal 5, nr 1 (luty 2016): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/205016841600500108.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The incidence of oral cancer in the UK is rising, with approximately 7,300 new cases diagnosed in 2012. The number of oral cancer cases in the UK has risen by more than a quarter in the last decade. Mouth cancer is within the ten most common cancers encountered among men in the UK. Primary care practitioners, both in a dental and medical setting, have a role in the early diagnosis of oral malignancy, and in providing patients with information regarding risk factors such as smoking, alcohol and betel quid use. The purpose of this paper is to present the epidemiology and risk factors related to oral cancer and particularly review the literature regarding the level of awareness and practice in primary care as recorded in relevant research.
26
Campos, Luis T., Julio Antonio Peguero, Michael Zach Koontz, Chardria Trotter, Christer Svedman, Joseph Paulson, Wei-Yi Chung, Valerie Tucker, Barbara L. McAneny i Annette Campbell Fontaine. "Patients with a history of more than one cancer diagnosis: An opportunity to expand eligibility criteria?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, nr 16_suppl (1.06.2024): e23019-e23019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e23019.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
e23019 Background: Patients with a history of more than one cancer diagnosis are increasingly common due to improved cure rates in early-stage cancers, and a demographic shift towards an increasing proportion of elderly patients with cancer due to longer life expectancy. Having a prior cancer diagnosis is a common exclusion criteria in clinical trials but represents a large untapped pool of patients that could increase enrollment in trials. We assessed if there are differences in the clinical characteristics, NGS testing rates and the rate of actionable genomic alterations in patients with NSCLC with a history of at least one other cancer diagnosis. Methods: We analyzed patients with a NSCLC diagnosis and an appointment scheduled between Oct 23, 2023 and Jan 14, 2024 at three US community oncology sites. All patients were enrolled in the Kaleido Registry and descriptive statistical analyses were performed on curated data. Results: 221 patients were identified (110 male/111 female). Median age was 72 (range 37-95). 157 (72%) patients had NSCLC as their only cancer diagnosis and 67 (28%) had a history of other malignancy with a median time interval since the last cancer diagnosis of 78 months (interquartile range 28-141 months ). 49 patients had a history of 1 other cancer diagnosis and 18 patients had a history of 2 or more. The most common diagnoses were breast (n = 16, 7%), colon (n = 7, 3.2%), prostate (n = 7, 3.2%) and bladder (n = 4, 1.8%) cancers. There were no differences in median age (73 yrs, range 57-91 vs (72 yrs, range 37-95), or sex distribution (30/34 vs 80/77) between patients with multiple diagnoses vs those with only NSCLC. There was not enough power to detect a difference in the rates of NGS testing rates or actionable genomic alterations (EGFR/ALK/ROS1/KRAS/RET/MET/NTRK/BRAF/HER2) in the cohorts (51% vs 64%, respectively). Conclusions: One in four NSCLC patients had a history of other cancer diagnosis. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics or actionable genomic alterations. The median interval since the last cancer diagnosis was more than 6 years and less than a third had less than 3 years. These findings indicate that a significant number of patients with prior cancer diagnoses may be suitable candidates for clinical trials as their risk of recurrence of prior disease is likely low given long follow-up in this cohort.
27
Olsson, H., B. Attner, D. Noreen i T. Lithman. "Comorbidity prior to diagnosis in patients with common cancer diagnoses". Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2009): e22180-e22180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e22180.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
e22180 Background: Chronic disease as diabetes, hypertonia and anemia may be associated with cancer risk as well as affect the short term survival of the malignancy. Methods: Using population based registry data from specialist and primary care in our health care region comorbidity in the form of anemia, hypertonia, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diasease (KOL), and alcohol related diseases for patients with colon-, rectal-, lung-, prostate and breast cancer and survival were studied. Altogether 2047 colon cancer cases, 985 rectal cancer cases, 2017 lung cancer cases, 3578 breast cancer cases and 5106 prostate cancer cases diagnosed 2000–2005 were included. Results: were age and sex adjusted and one year survival was calculated. Comorbidity was studied prior to cancer diagnosis and in order to compare with the general population all first comorbidity diagnoses within 90 days were censored. Results The prevalence of the chronic diseases in the general population was for all ages diabetes 3.2%, rheumatoid arthritis 0.5%, hypertonia 6.8%, anemia 1.1%, KOL 1.0% and alcohol related diagnoses 0.7%. Patients with colon and rectal cancer had a higher prevalence of anemia, and diabetes. Patients with lung cancer had a higher prevalence of anemia, KOL, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis for both men and women and for men also a higher prevalence of alcohol related diseases. Except for alcohol related diseases in females with breast cancer comorbidity for the above diseases was not significantly elevated for breast or prostate cancer. For all diagnoses hypertonia was significantly lower than in the general population. Survival of the different cancer diagnoses was not significantly related to the comorbidity except for a tendency of worse survival for patients with alcohol related disease. Conclusions: The prevalence of some common chronic diseases are elevated especially in colon-, rectal and lung cancer patients. The comorbidity does not seem to affect short term survival of the cancer patient except for alcohol related diagnoses. Our study also indicates the necessity to have all levels of care included in the study base of comorbidity and also emphasizes the need to censor time prior to diagnosis when comparing data with the general population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
28
Razmjooy, Navid, Mohsen Ashourian, Maryam Karimifard, Vania V. Estrela, Hermes J. Loschi, Douglas do Nascimento, Reinaldo P. França i Mikhail Vishnevski. "Computer-aided Diagnosis of Skin Cancer: A Review". Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews 16, nr 7 (9.09.2020): 781–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405616666200129095242.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Cancer is currently one of the main health issues in the world. Among different varieties of cancers, skin cancer is the most common cancer in the world and accounts for 75% of the world's cancer. Indeed, skin cancer involves abnormal changes in the outer layer of the skin. Although most people with skin cancer recover, it is one of the major concerns of people due to its high prevalence. Most types of skin cancers grow only locally and invade adjacent tissues, but some of them, especially melanoma (cancer of the pigment cells), which is the rarest type of skin cancer, may spread through the circulatory system or lymphatic system and reach the farthest points of the body. Many papers have been reviewed about the application of image processing in cancer detection. In this paper, the automatic skin cancer detection and also different steps of such a process have been discussed based on the implantation capabilities.
29
Shejila, C. H., Mamatha Shivananda Pai, Donald J. Fernandes, Stanley Mathew, Jyothi Chakrabarty, Elsa Sanatombi Devi i Anice George. "Psychological Impact of Cancer Diagnosis in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients". Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 8, nr 3 (2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2017.00167.x.
Pełny tekst źródła
30
Shameem, Raji, Muhammad S. Hamid, Gaurang P. Mavani, Nakul Singhal, Dana Shani i Kevin M. Sullivan. "Secondary primary cancers in male breast cancer survivors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, nr 26_suppl (10.09.2014): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.26_suppl.129.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
129 Background: Male Breast Cancer (MBC) survivors have an increased risk of developing secondary contralateral breast cancer. However, the risk of developing other solid tumors and hematological malignancies is not well understood. Methods: The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was used to detect MBC cases diagnosed up to 12/31/2011. The Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) was calculated as the ratio of observed to expected cases of second primary malignancy based on incidence data in the general United States population. The latency exclusion period from the date of diagnosis was 5 years. We also investigated for any modifying effects such as radiation therapy, age at diagnosis, and latency period after initial diagnosis (5-10 years and >10 years) that may have increased the risk for secondary cancer. Results: A total of 1,239 men with an initial diagnosis of primary breast cancer were included in our analysis. Overall, there was an increased SIR of secondary solid tumors of the pharynx (SIR: 8.39, P<0.05), hypopharynx (SIR: 15.77, P<0.05), and brain (SIR: 4.40, p<0.05), and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) (SIR: 2.49, P<0.05), that was also seen in MBC cases that received radiation (24.1%), (SIR: 4.51, P<0.05). For MBC diagnoses in patients >40 years, there was an increased incidence for these malignancies and for “all solid tumors” (SIR: 1.30, P<0.05) as well. In the period ranging from 5-10 years after initial breast cancer diagnosis increased incidence for tumors of the pharynx (SIR: 8.95, P<0.05) and hypopharynx (SIR: 16.70, P<0.05) were seen. In contrast, there was no significant increased incidence of secondary cancers >10 years after initial diagnosis. Conclusions: MBC survivors are at increased risk for secondary malignancies of the pharynx, hypopharynx, brain, and NHL. Older age at diagnosis and radiation treatment appear to be risk factors. Risk of secondary tumors of the pharynx and hypopharynx is greatest 5-10 years after initial breast cancer diagnosis but optimal surveillance for MBC survivors requires further clarification.
31
Dubinski, William, Natasha B. Leighl, Ming-Sound Tsao i David M. Hwang. "Ancillary Testing in Lung Cancer Diagnosis". Pulmonary Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/249082.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The pathologic diagnosis of lung cancer historically has relied primarily on morphologic features of tumors in histologic sections. With the emergence of new targeted therapies, the pathologist is called upon increasingly to provide not only accurate typing of lung cancers, but also to provide prognostic and predictive information, based on a growing number of ancillary tests, that may have significant impact on patient management. This review provides an overview of ancillary tests currently used in the pathologic diagnosis of lung cancer, with a focus on immunohistochemistry and molecular diagnostics.
32
Yoon, Hyunho, Ayoung Kim i Hoon Jang. "Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Ovarian Cancer". Current Issues in Molecular Biology 45, nr 2 (2.02.2023): 1233–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb45020081.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Ovarian cancer (OC) is gynecological cancer, and diagnosis and treatment are continuously advancing. Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based diagnoses have emerged as novel methods for identifying molecules and pathways in cancer research. The NGS-based applications have expanded in OC research for early detection and identification of aberrant genes and dysregulation pathways, demonstrating comprehensive views of the entire transcriptome, such as fusion genes, genetic mutations, and gene expression profiling. Coinciding with advances in NGS-based diagnosis, treatment strategies for OC, such as molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have also advanced. Immunotherapy is effective against many other cancers, and its efficacy against OC has also been demonstrated at the clinical phase. In this review, we describe several NGS-based applications for therapeutic targets of OC, and introduce current immunotherapeutic strategies, including vaccines, checkpoint inhibitors, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell transplantation, for effective diagnosis and treatment of OC.
33
Ling, Binbing, Lifeng Chen, Qiang Liu i Jian Yang. "Gene Expression Correlation for Cancer Diagnosis: A Pilot Study". BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/253804.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Poor prognosis for late-stage, high-grade, and recurrent cancers has been motivating cancer researchers to search for more efficient biomarkers to identify the onset of cancer. Recent advances in constructing and dynamically analyzing biomolecular networks for different types of cancer have provided a promising novel strategy to detect tumorigenesis and metastasis. The observation of different biomolecular networks associated with normal and cancerous states led us to hypothesize that correlations for gene expressions could serve as valid indicators of early cancer development. In this pilot study, we tested our hypothesis by examining whether the mRNA expressions of three randomly selected cancer-related genesPIK3C3,PIM3, andPTENwere correlated during cancer progression and the correlation coefficients could be used for cancer diagnosis. Strong correlations(0.68≤r≤1.0)were observed betweenPIK3C3andPIM3in breast cancer, betweenPIK3C3andPTENin breast and ovary cancers, and betweenPIM3andPTENin breast, kidney, liver, and thyroid cancers during disease progression, implicating that the correlations for cancer network gene expressions could serve as a supplement to current clinical biomarkers, such as cancer antigens, for early cancer diagnosis.
34
Villalona, Seiichi, Carlos Chavez Perez, E. Paul Wileyto, Samuel U. Takvorian, Peter Edward Gabriel, Abigail Doucette, Daniel Blumenthal i Robert Schnoll. "Predictors of mood-related psychiatric disorders after cancer diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, nr 16_suppl (1.06.2024): e23043-e23043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e23043.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
e23043 Background: Mood-related psychiatric disorders (MRPDs) such as anxiety and depression are more common among cancer patients vs. the general population and are related to decreased quality of life and poor cancer survival. However, individual risk factors for MRPDs among cancer patients are poorly understood. This study characterized individual predictors of a new MRPD after cancer diagnosis, with a focus on individual behavioral risk factors (IBRFs) (ie., tobacco use and human papillomavirus [HPV]-association). Methods: Single-center retrospective cohort study of 11,712 patients with newly diagnosed breast, prostate, colon, lung, oropharyngeal, anorectal, gynecologic (cervical, vaginal, and vulvar), or penile cancers between 2009-2020. Patients with breast, prostate, and colon cancer were used as controls because of the lack of an association with IBRFs. The primary outcome was a new MRPD post-cancer diagnosis, ascertained via electronic health record data and using ICD10 codes for MRPDs. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, disease stage at diagnosis, and IBRFs. We conducted a time-to-event analysis to assess risk factors for MRPDs using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The average age of participants was 63 years (SD = 12 years). Most of the study sample was female (59%), non-Hispanic White (72%), heterosexual (67%), and diagnosed with stage I or II disease (63%). Breast (40%), prostate (26%) and lung (21%) were the most common cancers. 328 cases (3%) in the sample consisted of HPV-associated cancers. Half of the sample were current or former smokers. Univariate analyses revealed lower hazard ratios (HRs) of a new MRPD among individuals that identified as Asian/Pacific Islander (API) and among older patients ( > 51 years). Higher HRs of MRPDs were found for females; sexual minorities; former and current smokers; those with HPV-associated cancers; and those with later cancer stages (III and IV). These associations were observed in the adjusted multivariate model: APIs (aHR 0.60, 95%CI 0.46-0.65); 51-64 years (aHR 0.83, 95%CI 0.76-0.92); > 65 years (aHR 0.70, 95%CI 0.63-0.78); females (aHR 1.78, 95%CI 1.64-1.94); sexual minority (aHR 1.78, 95%CI 1.40-2.27); former smoker (aHR 1.40, 95%CI 1.30-1.52); current smoker (aHR 1.79, 95%CI 1.60-2.00); HPV-associated tumors (aHR 1.23, 95%CI 1.02-1.49); stage III diagnosis (aHR 1.58, 95%CI 1.34-1.85); stage IV diagnosis (aHR 2.31, 95%CI 1.96-2.73). Conclusions: IBRFs increased the risk of a new MRPD after being diagnosed with cancer. Prior work has associated HPV-positivity with anxiety and depression in patients without a cancer diagnosis. Our findings build on this and show that individuals diagnosed with HPV-associated cancers have a higher risk of developing new MRPDs after their cancer diagnoses. These findings can help identify patients at risk of developing new MRPDs post-cancer diagnosis to engage them in treatment.
35
Zhang, Mengxue. "Advanced diagnosis technologies for HER2 breast cancer markers". Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 14 (29.09.2022): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v14i.1591.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Every year, the number of persons diagnosed with cancer depressive. As a result, cancer diagnosis is extremely crucial. Malignant tumor markers have become an important aspect of clinical tumor assessment, and different cancer cells have different markers. With the advancement of molecular biology technology, it is now possible to use it to diagnose, monitor, assess prognosis, forecast metastasis, and predict recurrence risk in malignant cancers. Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women, and the number of women diagnosed with it has been higher in many cancers. Histiocytic tumor markers in breast cancer include ER and PR, HER2,BRCA1 and BRCA2. Breast cancer can be categorized and treated using several markers, such as functional subtype HER-2 positive, and triple negative. As a result, precisely detecting the subtype of breast cancer is critical because it allows patients to receive the most effective treatment. HER2 is found in 30% of individuals diagnosed, with a poor prognosis and a significant recurrence rate. FISH, IHC, CISH, Dual ISH, and NGS are all common methods for detecting HER2 breast cancer. In this review, some of the most common HER2 breast cancer diagnostic procedures are summarized.
36
Douglas-Moore, Jayne L., Luke Hounsome, Julia Verne i Roger Kockelbergh. "Outcomes in urological cancer are strongly influenced by route to diagnosis". Journal of Clinical Urology 10, nr 1_suppl (styczeń 2017): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415816685628.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Introduction: The Routes to Diagnosis study has recorded data on new cancer diagnoses since 2006. The route to diagnosis of urological cancer influences outcomes and factors including gender, age and deprivation are implicated in affecting the way in which patients present. Materials and methods: Data were obtained from the National Cancer Intelligence Network Routes to Diagnosis study. Every new cancer case is assigned to one of eight routes of diagnosis, seven of which are applicable to urological cancers. Data from 2006 to 2013 are described in this report. Results: Two week wait is the most common route to diagnosis of bladder and testicular cancer compared to prostate, renal and penile malignancy in which routine general practitioner referral was the most common route. Two week wait referrals are associated with the best survival, and emergency presentations with the worst. Emergency presentation increases with advancing age but is also noted to be a significant route to diagnosis in patients less than 50 years. Bladder and renal cancer are more common in men but the route to diagnosis varies with gender. Increasing deprivation increases emergency presentation but has minimal effect on two week wait and routine general practitioner referrals. Conclusion: National data on the impact of route to diagnosis of urological malignancy have been described for the first time. The effect of age and gender on route to diagnosis and consequently cancer outcome has been noted. To enable earlier diagnosis attention must focus on extremes of age, patients with penile cancer and the most deprived patients.
37
Follin-Arbelet, B., M. Småstuen Cvancarova, Ø. Hovde, L. P. Jelsness-Jørgensen i B. Moum. "P679 Inflammatory Bowel Disease and cancer risk in the IBSEN study after 30 years of follow-up". Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16, Supplement_1 (1.01.2022): i582—i583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab232.800.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Background Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic diseases with a heterogeneous clinical course, which often cause serious complications. Previously our group has reported that male ulcerative colitis (UC) patients have an increased risk for developing colorectal cancer 20 years after diagnosis, compared to the general Norwegian population. This study aims to estimate the risk of cancer after 30 years. Methods Data from the Inflammatory Bowel disease in South-Eastern Norway (IBSEN) study, in which all patients diagnosed from 1990 to 1994 were included, as well as data on all cancer cases from the Norwegian Cancer Registry and mortality from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, were used. All IBD patients were age- and gender-matched with five controls and followed up from the date of IBD diagnosis to the date of first cancer diagnosis, death or end of follow-up (31.12.2020) whichever came first. We computed hazard ratios (HR) for all cancers combined and for cancers of digestive organs using conditional Cox regression model stratified by gender and IBD diagnosis. Results In total, 756 IBD patients were included, 519 with UC and 237 with Crohn’s disease (CD). Of these, 82 UC and 35 CD patients were diagnosed with cancer during the follow-up. The most frequent cancer diagnoses were intestinal, breast and prostate cancers (Table 1). For all cancers combined, males with UC and females with CD had slightly higher risk of developing cancer compared to matched controls, however, the increased risks were not statistically significant. The same pattern was observed for cancers of digestive organs (Table 2). Table1. Table 2. Conclusion Our data did not reveal significant differences in risk of developing cancer 30 years after diagnosis between IBD patients and age-and gender-matched controls.
38
Nishanova, Yulduz, Marat Khodjibekov, Igor Juravlev i Sevinch Kurbanova. "Magnetic – Resonance Imaging in the Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer". International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, Special Issue 1 (28.02.2020): 899–918. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24sp1/pr201234.
Pełny tekst źródła
39
Dong, Lin, i Kohei Inoue. "Diagnosis of Breast Cancer from Mammogram Images Based on CNN". Journal of the Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers 8, nr 4 (25.10.2020): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/jiiae.8.117.
Pełny tekst źródła
40
Nitin, Mukesh. "DNA METHYLATION SEQUENCING: A PROMISING TOOL FOR PANCREATIC CANCER DIAGNOSIS". Indian Journal of Health Care Medical & Pharmacy Practice 5, nr 1 (25.05.2024): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.59551/ijhmp/25832069/2024.5.1.140.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Pancreatic cancer remains a deadly disease due to late diagnosis and limited treatment options. DNA methylation, a key epigenetic modification, plays a crucial role in cancer development and progression. Various research using DNA methylation patterns in pancreatic cancer tissues resulted in comparative evaluation of normal pancreas and cell lines resulted in the identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. During DNA methylation case studies led to identification 807 genes and 1505 CpG sites. Also, 289 differentially methylated CpG sites were also reported suggesting their vital contribution towards pancreatic cancer. In current review tried to explore the methylation approaches to identify important genes linked to gemcitabine, a common chemotherapy drug, identifying potential markers for patient response. This study sheds light on the link between DNA methylation and pancreatic cancer, paving the way for novel therapeutic targets and improved patient outcomes.
41
Gu, Yun, Sara S. Strom, Susan Lerner i Michael J. Keating. "Second Cancers after CLL Diagnosis." Blood 104, nr 11 (16.11.2004): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.18.18.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract With the development of new treatment strategies, the survival of CLL patients has improved. Some reports indicate that CLL patients may be at increased risk of subsequent cancer. Patterns for the specific type of cancer may provide insights into possible causes associated with the development of secondary cancers. We evaluated the development of second cancer after diagnosis with CLL among 1069 patients diagnosed at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1985 and 2001. Only patients with no prior invasive cancer and were followed-up for at least 1 year were included in the analysis. The mean age was 56 years (range: 16–89 years) and the male-to-female ratio was 1.47. During the mean follow-up of 6 years (range: 1–20 years), sixty six (6%) patients were diagnosed with secondary invasive cancers: breast (12), lung (11), colorectal (7), prostate (7), melanomas (6), Hodgkin’s disease (HD) (5), acute myelogenous leukemias (AML) (3), bladder cancers (3), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) (3), Merkel cell carcinomas (2), pancreatic (2), esophageal cancer (1), kidney (1), liver (1), endometrial (1) and appendix (1). The mean time to the development of secondary cancers was 4.7 years (range: 1 – 16 years). We compared the observed number (O) of second cancers to the expected number (E) calculated from the age-, sex- and calendar-year matched general US population using the Connecticut Tumor Registry data. Overall, no excess of second cancers was found, the standard incidence ratio (SIR) [O/E = 66/62 = 1.07 (95% CI: 0.84 – 1.37)]. When stratified by treatment, no significant increased risk of second cancer was observed among treated (SIR = 36/35.6 = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.71 – 1.40) and untreated patients (SIR = 30/25 = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.81 – 1.72) compared to the general population. However, when analyzing risks by cancer sites, higher risk of secondary melanoma (SIR = 4/0.85 = 4.71, 95% CI: 1.28 – 12.1) was observed among patients diagnosed with CLL at age older than 60 years. All five secondary Hodgkin’s disease were diagnosed in men, a significant excess of HD was found among both older (≥ 60 years) (SIR = 3/0.13 = 23.1, 95% CI: 4.75 – 67.4) and younger patients (< 60 years) (SIR = 2/0.15 = 13.3, 95% CI: (1.61 – 48.1). All three patients diagnosed with AML were men, and they had higher risk of developing AML (SIR = 3/0.33 = 9.09, 95% CI: 1.87 – 26.5). Two out of three patients who developed AML were treated with alkylating agents. Patients who received chemotherapy for CLL had an increased risk of developing AML (SIR = 3/0.27 = 11.1, 95% CI: 2.29 – 32.4) and HD (SIR = 4/0.16 = 25.0, 95% CI: 6.8 – 64.0). However, no increased risk of AML was found among those who received fludarabine alone and those never received any treatment for CLL. This large study confirmed that site-specific excesses of second cancers after CLL diagnosis did exist. The excess of AML among those treated with chemotherapy may due to alkylating agents. Monotherapy with new purine analog drug did not increase the risk of AML in this study. Further research is needed to investigate the causal relationship between CLL and second malignancies.
42
Sjövall, Katarina, Bo Attner, Thor Lithman, Dennis Noreen, Barbro Gunnars, Bibbi Thomé i Håkan Olsson. "Influence on the Health of the Partner Affected by Tumor Disease in the Wife or Husband Based on a Population-Based Register Study of Cancer in Sweden". Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, nr 28 (1.10.2009): 4781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.21.6788.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Purpose To examine health care use and health care costs among partners of persons with cancer. Patients and Methods Partners of patients with colon, rectal, lung, breast, and prostate cancer (N = 11,076) were identified via linked data from the Tumor Registry of Southern Sweden and Census Registry of Sweden. Health care use, total costs of health care, and diagnosis of the partner were studied before and after diagnosis of the cancer patient. Results Health care use for partners increased in terms of in-patient care after the cancer diagnosis. A significant increase was seen the second year for partners of patients with colon cancer (risk ratio [RR], 1.55; 95% CI, 1.28 to 1.87) and lung cancer (RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.26 to 1.79). Psychiatric diagnoses increased after the cancer diagnosis in the total sample, with a significant increase for partners of colon (RR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.71 to 4.22), lung (RR, 3.16; 95% CI, 2.23 to 4.57), and prostate cancer patients (RR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.32 to 2.15). Costs of care increased more than the consumer price index the two years after the cancer diagnosis. Costs of care increased most for male partners and especially for younger male partners (age 25 to 64 years) of patients with colon, rectal, and lung cancers. Conclusion The results showed increased health care costs and an increase in psychiatric diagnoses after the cancer diagnosis among partners of cancer patients. Further research is needed to learn more about the situation of the partner and to identify persons at risk of psychiatric morbidity. Knowledge is also needed on how to support the partner in the most efficient way.
43
Pruthi, Deepak K., Zoann Nugent, Piotr Czaykowski i Alain A. Demers. "Urothelial Cancer and the Diagnosis of Subsequent Malignancies". Canadian Urological Association Journal 7, nr 1-2 (20.02.2013): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.234.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Purpose: We examine the likelihood of a second primary malignancy diagnosis following the diagnosis of urothelial cancer.Methods: We identified subjects from the Manitoba Cancer Registry diagnosed with urothelial cancer between April 1, 1985 and December 31, 2007. Data were collected on all subsequent new cancer diagnoses. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for each major cancer type, matched with the general population by age, sex and period. Further analysis was undertaken stratifying by morphology and invasiveness. The results in males were examined with and without prostate cancer. A competing risk model was used to analyze the data controlling for death.Results: Of the 4412 included urothelial cancer cases, 712 patients (16.1%) subsequently developed a second primary malignancy. Risks were highest within 1 year of diagnosis persisting for 5 years. This risk was highest in males aged less than 70 (SIR = 6.25; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 5.08-7.04). Overall, the risk was similarbetween the sexes (female SIR: 1.30, CI 1.09-1.54; males 1.42, CI1.31-1.54; males excluding prostate SIR: 1.22 CI 1.11-1.35). There was an increased relative risk for developing a second primary for cancers of the kidney (male), lung, breast (female) and prostate. Papillary cancers were associated with increased relative risk of developing lung, prostate, and breast (female and male) cancer. In the competing risks model, patients diagnosed with a papillary or insitu urothelial cancer were more likely to be diagnosed with a second primary than non-papillary and invasive disease, respectively.Conclusions: Those diagnosed with urothelial cancer have an increased probability of having a second primary cancer detected within the subsequent 5 years, even when prostate cancer is excluded. Papillary tumours in particular may provide a warning for subsequent malignancy.
44
Marinac, Catherine, Elizabeth O'Donnell, Rita Shaknovich, Christina A. Clarke, Guneet Walia, Karen Chung, Jennifer Farese i in. "Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test performance in cancer survivors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, nr 16_suppl (1.06.2024): 1628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.1628.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
1628 Background: Cancer survivors (CS) are at risk for recurrent or new primary tumors in any organ, but there is lack of clear guidance and options for long-term surveillance. We analyzed the performance of a blood-based MCED test that detects cancer-specific methylation patterns and predicts cancer signal origin (CSO) in CS in the PATHFINDER study (PF; NCT04241796). Methods: PF enrolled6662 participants (pts) ≥50 yr without clinical suspicion of cancer; 6578 samples were analyzed with a refined MCED test. Pts were stratified by CS status (treated cancer >3 yr prior to study vs no prior cancer); in CS, prior cancer type and time from diagnosis were recorded. Cancers diagnosed during PF were classified as recurrent or new primaries. Positive predictive value (PPV), number needed to screen (NNTS), and CSO accuracy were assessed. Results: CS comprised 25% (1609/6578) of pts analyzed; 73% were female. Median age was 66 yr; age at prior diagnosis was 8% <40, 22% 40-49, 70% ≥50 yr. Most common prior cancers were breast (749, 47%), melanoma (163, 10%) and prostate (141, 9%). A higher proportion of pts with cancer diagnosis was observed in CS vs those with no prior cancer (Table). Among 20 CS with cancer signal detected, 10 cancers were diagnosed in 9 pts; 5 recurrent (all metastatic breast) and 5 new primaries (uterine stage 1 [found as incidental lesion on imaging during MCED-triggered workup for recurrent breast cancer], sarcoma stage 2, ovarian stage 3, lymphoma and CRC stage 4). During 1-yr follow-up in those with negative MCED result, new cancer diagnoses in CS included 13 recurrences (all local) and 15 new primaries. Of the 13 new primaries with known stage, 46% were stage 1 (2 breast, 1 melanoma, 1 thyroid, 1 lymphoma, 1 lung), 31% stage 2 (2 lymphomas, 1 melanoma, 1 breast), 15% stage 3 (1 pancreas, 1 pleural mesothelioma), and 7% stage 4 (1 prostate). Yield, PPV, NNTS, and CSO accuracy were similar in CS and no prior cancer group. Years between MCED cancer detection and prior cancer in CS was 4-11 for recurrent and 8-15 for new primaries. Most (4/5) new primaries were cancers with no USPSTF-recommended screenings. Conclusions: The MCED test detected both cancer recurrences and new primaries in CS for whom multiple years had elapsed since their original diagnosis, potentially expanding surveillance options for this patient group. Cancers in CS not detected by MCED were predominantly early stage. Test performance was similar in those with and without a cancer history. Clinical trial information: NCT04241796 . [Table: see text]
45
Taunk, Neil K., Freddy E. Escorcia, Jason S. Lewis i Lisa Bodei. "Radiopharmaceuticals for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy". Cancer Journal 30, nr 3 (maj 2024): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ppo.0000000000000720.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Radiopharmaceutical therapy has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of various cancers. The exploration of novel targets such as tumor-specific antigens, overexpressed receptors, and intracellular biomolecules using antibodies, peptides, or small molecules has expanded the scope of radiopharmaceutical therapy, enabling precise and effective cancer treatment for an increasing number of tumor types. Alpha emitters, characterized by their high linear energy transfer and short path length, offer unique advantages in targeted therapy due to their potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues. This article reviews recent advancements in identifying novel targets for radiopharmaceutical therapy and applications in utilizing α-emitters for targeted treatment.
46
Qian, Alexander S., Edmund M. Qiao, Vinit Nalawade, Rohith S. Voora, Nikhil V. Kotha, Christian Dameff, Christopher John Coyne i James Don Murphy. "Impact of cancer on emergency department outcomes." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2021): e18618-e18618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18618.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
e18618 Background: Cancer patients frequently utilize the Emergency Department (ED) for a variety of diagnoses, both related and unrelated to their cancer. Patients with cancer have unique risks related to their cancer and treatment which could influence ED-related outcomes. A better understanding of these risks could help improve risk-stratification for these patients and help inform future interventions. This study sought to define the increased risks cancer patients face for inpatient admission and hospital mortality among cancer patients presenting to the ED. Methods: From the National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) we identified patients with and without a diagnosis of cancer presenting to the ED between 2016 and 2018. We used International Classification of Diseases, version 10 (ICD10-CM) codes to identify patients with cancer, and to identify patient’s presenting diagnosis. Multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models assessed the influence of cancer diagnoses on two endpoints: hospital admission from the ED, and inpatient hospital mortality. Results: There were 340 million weighted ED visits, of which 8.3 million (2.3%) occurred in patients with a cancer diagnosis. Compared to non-cancer patients, patients with cancer had an increased risk of inpatient admission (64.7% vs. 14.8%; p < 0.0001) and hospital mortality (4.6% vs. 0.5%; p < 0.0001). Factors associated with both an increased risk of hospitalization and death included older age, male gender, lower income level, discharge quarter, and receipt of care in a teaching hospital. We identified the top 15 most common presenting diagnoses among cancer patients, and among each of these diagnoses, cancer patients had increased risks of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] range 2.0-13.2; all p < 0.05) and death (OR range 2.1-14.4; all p < 0.05) compared to non-cancer patients with the same diagnosis. Within the cancer patient cohort, cancer site was the most robust individual predictor associated with risk of hospitalization or death, with highest risk among patients with metastatic cancer, liver and lung cancers compared to the reference group of prostate cancer patients. Conclusions: Cancer patients presenting to the ED have high risks for hospital admission and death when compared to patients without cancer. Cancer patients represent a distinct population and may benefit from cancer-specific risk stratification or focused interventions tailored to improve outcomes in the ED setting.
47
Abdelkhalek, E. R., L. M. Sherief, N. M. Kamal i R. M. Soliman. "Factors Associated with Delayed Cancer Diagnosis in Egyptian Children". Clinical Medicine Insights: Pediatrics 8 (styczeń 2014): CMPed.S16413. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmped.s16413.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Background Despite tremendous importance of early cancer diagnosis in children, few studies on this topic have been conducted in Egypt. Early stage diagnosis can have a positive effect on prognoses and the quality of life of children with cancer. We investigated delays in the diagnosis of childhood cancers in Egypt and determined the factors associated with these delays. Methods This retrospective study included 172 children with cancer from two pediatric oncology units. The interval between symptoms onset and final diagnosis for each child was estimated and examined by univariate and multivariate analyses to determine correlations with the child's sex, age at diagnosis, type and site of malignancy, family residence, socioeconomic status, and parental educational level. Findings The median total diagnosis delay period was 47 days caused by patients and/or parents (8 days) and diagnosis (28 days). Statistically significant patient factors associated with delayed diagnosis were age (<5 years), lower parental education, and socioeconomic status. Sex residence and family size were not significant. Malignancy type and tumor site significantly affected the time for diagnosis. The lowest median value was associated with germ cell tumors (GCTs) and leukemia, and the highest value was in children with brain tumor. Missed diagnoses were initially recorded in 39.5% of the patients and were associated with patient and tumor factors. Interpretation Delayed diagnosis of childhood cancer is related to age, family, socioeconomic status and parental education, and cancer type and site. Efforts should be made to promote awareness, develop effective steps to eliminate possible contributing factors, and determine the best intervention method.
48
LaDuca, Holly, Rachel McFarland, Stephanie Gutierrez, Amal Yussuf, Nadia Ho, Jonathan Pepper, Patrick Reineke i in. "Quality of Clinician-Reported Cancer History When Ordering Genetic Testing". JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, nr 2 (grudzień 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/cci.18.00014.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Purpose Clinical history data reported on test requisition forms (TRFs) for hereditary cancer multigene panel testing (MGPT) are routinely used by genetic testing laboratories. More recently, publications have incorporated TRF-based clinical data into studies exploring yield of testing by phenotype and estimating cancer risks for mutation carriers. We aimed to assess the quality of TRF data for patients undergoing MGPT. Patients and Methods Ten percent of patients who underwent hereditary cancer MGPT between January and June 2015 at a clinical laboratory were randomly selected. TRF-reported cancer diagnoses were evaluated for completeness and accuracy for probands and relatives using clinical documents such as pedigrees and chart notes as the comparison standard in cases where these documents were submitted after the time of test order. Results TRF-reported cancer sites and ages at diagnosis were complete for > 90.0% of proband cancer diagnoses overall, and the completion rate was even higher (> 96.0%) for breast, ovarian, colorectal, and uterine cancers. When reported, these data were accurate on TRFs for > 99.5% of proband cancer sites and > 97.5% of proband ages at diagnosis. Cancer site and age at diagnosis data were also complete on the TRF for the majority of cancers among first- and second-degree relatives. Completeness decreased as relation to the proband became more distant, whereas accuracy remained high across all degrees of relation. Conclusion Data collected as part of cancer genetic risk assessment is completely and accurately reported on TRFs for the majority of probands and their close relatives and is comparable to information directly obtained from clinic notes, particularly for breast and other cancers commonly associated with hereditary cancer syndromes.
49
Swann, Ruth, Georgios Lyratzopoulos, Greg Rubin, Elizabeth Pickworth i Sean McPhail. "National Cancer Diagnosis Audit: avoidable delays to diagnosis". British Journal of General Practice 69, suppl 1 (czerwiec 2019): bjgp19X703073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x703073.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
BackgroundA prolonged time taken to diagnose cancer can lead to poorer survival and reduced quality of life. Characterising avoidable delays to a patient’s diagnosis could help to direct quality improvement initiatives aimed at enhancing patient safety and ultimately patient outcomes.AimTo assess the validity of data on avoidable delays collected as part of the English National Cancer Diagnosis Audit (NCDA) and to estimate the predictors of avoidable delays to diagnosis by patient demographics and cancer type.MethodParticipating general practices (n = 439; 5% practices) submitted primary care data on patients (n = 17 042) diagnosed with cancer in 2014 in England. GPs reported delays to the diagnosis that they considered avoidable. Quantile regression was used to understand the impact of an avoidable delay on the diagnostic interval. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the factors associated with avoidable delay.ResultsThe GP recorded an avoidable delay to cancer diagnosis in 24% of cases (n = 3372). The median diagnostic interval was 57 days longer in patients where an avoidable delay was recorded. Results have shown significant associations between avoidable delay and certain cancer types (odds ratio [OR] 1.73 for stomach versus lung cancer) and an increasing number of comorbidities (OR 1.43 for patients with ≥3 versus 0).ConclusionGP-reported data showed a longer diagnostic interval in patients thought to have had an avoidable delay to their diagnosis, indicating construct validity of the data collected. Data from the NCDA is being used to better understand avoidable delays to diagnosis, and identify possible solutions for improving the diagnostic pathway in some cases.
50
van der Willik, Kimberly D., Liliana P. Rojas-Saunero, Jeremy A. Labrecque, M. Arfan Ikram, Sanne B. Schagen, Bruno H. Stricker i Rikje Ruiter. "Pathology-confirmed versus non pathology-confirmed cancer diagnoses: incidence, participant characteristics, and survival". European Journal of Epidemiology 35, nr 6 (20.12.2019): 557–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-019-00592-5.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
AbstractCancer diagnoses which are not confirmed by pathology are often under-registered in cancer registries compared to pathology-confirmed diagnoses. It is unknown how many patients have a non pathology-confirmed cancer diagnosis, and whether their characteristics and survival differ from patients with a pathology-confirmed diagnosis. Participants from the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study were followed between 1989 and 2013 for the diagnosis of cancer. Cancer diagnoses were classified into pathology-confirmed versus non pathology-confirmed (i.e., based on imaging or tumour markers). We compared participant characteristics and the distribution of cancers at different sites. Furthermore, we investigated differences in overall survival using survival curves adjusted for age and sex. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 10.7 (6.3–15.9) years, 2698 out of 14,024 participants were diagnosed with cancer, of which 316 diagnoses (11.7%) were non pathology-confirmed. Participants with non pathology-confirmed diagnoses were older, more often women, and had a lower education. Most frequently non pathology-confirmed cancer sites included central nervous system (66.7%), hepato-pancreato-biliary (44.5%), and unknown primary origin (31.2%). Survival of participants with non pathology-confirmed diagnoses after 1 year was lower compared to survival of participants with pathology-confirmed diagnoses (32.6% vs. 63.4%; risk difference of 30.8% [95% CI 25.2%; 36.2%]). Pathological confirmation of cancer is related to participant characteristics and cancer site. Furthermore, participants with non pathology-confirmed diagnoses have worse survival than participants with pathology-confirmed diagnoses. Missing data on non pathology-confirmed diagnoses may result in underestimation of cancer incidence and in an overestimation of survival in cancer registries, and may introduce bias in aetiological research.