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Huang, Carolin. "On the Importance of Theory in LIAS: A Review of Literature on Radical Librarianship in Canada". Journal of Contemporary Issues in Education 15, nr 1 (28.06.2020): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20355/jcie29388.
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With the decline of social services in welfare states, libraries have come to represent the final frontier of democracy amongst privatizing public institutions. This view of libraries is especially prevalent in the media but is more carefully analyzed in critical LIAS (library, information, and archival studies). Because of the urgency of the position that librarianship holds in our society, social-justice-oriented perspectives have flourished in the library setting. This paper overviews the state of radical librarianship in Canada through a collection and analysis of resources on said subject. It argues for the importance of theoretical thinking in radical librarianship, that challenges the epistemological paradigms that dominate LIAS and acknowledges the ongoing institutional violence perpetuated by the library and information sector. With respect to the value of intellectual labour, the intention of this paper is to encourage further inquiry into the subject of radical librarianship so as to continue nurturing these pockets of dissent.
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Humenchuk, A. "Innovative Development Vectors of the Higher Library and Information Education in Canada". Visnyk of Kharkiv State Academy of Culture, nr 63 (26.06.2023): 88–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31516/2410-5333.063.06.
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The purpose of the article is to study historical features, as well as to determine the formation stages and modern vectors for the modernization of the Canadian system educational levels in the field of library specialists training as one of the best educational practices in the world.
The methodology. The study used historical-genetic and systemic-structural approaches, which made it possible to establish the periodization of the main stages of the origin and development of the library training educational levels in Canada. Comparative and content analysis of educational programs of master’s and doctoral degrees of higher education, carried out by the schools of information studies of seven ranking Canadian universities, made it possible to determine the general and specific aspects in the training of specialists for the information industry, establish the features of the cognitive and institutional components of master’s and doctoral educational programs, substantiate the objective need to strengthen their interdisciplinarity and versatility.
The results. It is established that the first university in Canada to establish a school for the library specialists training was McGill University (1904). In 1928, a library school was opened within the structure of the University of Toronto. The growing need for qualified library specialists led to the beginning of the stage of active development of the education levels system for training library specialists in Canada (1961–1980). Thus, the Library Schools were opened at the University of Montreal (1961), the University of Western Ontario (1861), the University of Alberta (1968), and the University of British Columbia (1969). The system of postgraduate library education began to take shape in 1971, when the first educational program for the preparation of PhD in Library and Information Sciences was launched at the University of Toronto, with the first doctoral degree in this specialty awarded in 1974. Since 1995, the stage of interdisciplinary integration of the educational programs’ profiles in Canada has begun, the Schools of Library and Information Sciences were renamed into Schools of Information Management or Schools of Information Studies, the introduction of innovative interdisciplinary training programs has started for information specialists accredited by the most prestigious American Library Association (ALA) in the world.
The scientific topicality. Nowadays, seven prestigious universities in Canada have Schools of Information Studies that are actively diversifying the library and information specialists’ training at the master’s and doctoral levels. Their educational programs tend to be flexible and interdisciplinary, implementing double degree models, which, in the digital economy, guarantee graduates competitive advantages in the labour market, prestigious places of employment and career prospects. The School of Information Management at Dalhousie University is an initiator of the innovative interdisciplinary educational programs development in the North American educational services market. It recruits for the following master’s programs: “Information Management and Public Administration”, “Information Management and Environmental Resource Management”, and also has founded a unique educational program for Canada — “Information Management and Legal Sciences”, which provides a double degree of Master of Information and Doctor of Laws (MI / JD).
The practical significance. The results of the study can be used by Ukrainian institutions of higher education in the process of improving master’s and doctoral educational programs in the specialty 029 “Information, Library and Archival Sciences”. The Canadian experience of training library and information specialists is the best in the world in terms of the content, flexibility and student-centred learning organization. The introduction of the world’s best practices for training library specialists will improve their quality and competitiveness in the global information market.
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Leclerc, Guy. "A Comment on “Effectiveness: Reporting and Auditing in the Public Sector”". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 3, nr 1 (marzec 1988): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.03.007.
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In Canada, public expenditures are very large, accounting for some 40 percent of its gross domestic product in recent times. The government is more than a government of people; it has developed into a major economic agent; it has also become a major intervener in the market place. The government, as the largest employer, employs a sizeable portion of the Canadian labor force. It owns some of the largest industrial and commercial enterprises in the country. It redistributes national income on a massive scale through a maze of economic and social mechanisms. On its own, the government is a financial intermediary of international scale. Further, it is the largest buyer of capital goods. And it dispenses services collectively or individually to each citizen in the country.
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Leeming, William. "Professionalization theory, medical specialists and the concept of “national patterns of specialization”". Social Science Information 40, nr 3 (wrzesień 2001): 455–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/053901801040003005.
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Studies comparing particular medical specialties in different national settings have not appeared in the sociology of the profession's literature. Consequently, little is known about how local contexts actually affect the professionalization process and medical specialization. Are certain determinants of specialization active in some countries and not in others? Can some determinants be said to be always active? Two recent independent studies of medical geneticists in the UK and Canada present a unique opportunity to reflect on earlier social-theoretical discussions concerning the determinants of medical specialization in the context of country-specific organizational frameworks. Placed side by side, the two studies lend support to earlier research that emphasizes, first, conceptual and technological innovations in medicine as driving specialty formation, and, second, the dominant position of physicians in the resulting division of medical labour. Beyond this, however, each study highlights local influences as being important with respect to particular courses of action or inaction at the national and regional level. In the end, what appear to be coherent sets of diagnostic and counselling services from a unitary, global perspective can also be viewed as loose networks of resource dependencies, personnel, and organizations which can be re-configured within local health care delivery systems.
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Skrzeszewski, Stan. "Library Services to Turkish Communities in Canada". Resource Sharing & Information Networks 12, nr 2 (13.05.1997): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j121v12n02_09.
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Kelsall, Paula, i Elizabeth Onyszko. "Interlibrary loan services at Library and Archives Canada". Interlending & Document Supply 38, nr 1 (23.02.2010): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02641611011025316.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the interlibrary loan services of Library and Archives Canada.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the loans, copies and locations services of Library and Archives Canada, and patterns of demand for those services. It also describes the institution's role in the Canadian resource sharing environment.FindingsLibrary and Archives Canada offers access to a broad range of Canadian documents, and also provides services that support resource sharing in Canada. Demand for the institution's traditional ILL services is declining, and its focus is turning to digital access.Originality/valueThe paper provides a picture of a national institution at a time of rapid change. It contains information that will be useful to those seeking documents from Canada.
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Prasada-Kole, Usha. "Library Services to Indians Living Abroad, Specifically in Canada". Resource Sharing & Information Networks 11, nr 1-2 (28.05.1996): 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j121v11n01_10.
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Land, Brian. "Legislative Reference and Research Services in Canada". Reference Librarian 11, nr 25-26 (5.01.1990): 569–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j120v11n25_29.
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Hum, Derek, i Wayne Simpson. "Public Training Programs in Canada: A Meta-evaluation". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 17, nr 1 (marzec 2002): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.017.006.
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Abstract: Canada has a history of training individuals for the labour market, and substantial research has accumulated concerning the effectiveness of training programs. There have been many evaluations of public training programs in Canada, both summative and formative, in the last two decades. What have we learned from these evaluations of training programs? What should we continue to do? What should we try to avoid? This article presents an assessment of the summative evaluations conducted to date in Canada, focusing on three questions: What is an appropriate and feasible methodology for summative evaluation of training programs? Has that methodology been consistently and effectively implemented in Canada during the past two decades? What are the prospects for future evaluations in Canada?
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Foley, Bob. "A national art information strategy for canada". Art Libraries Journal 19, nr 1 (1994): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200008610.
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Libraries cannot any longer align themselves with their institutions’ priorities because public institutions in Canada are undergoing a fundamental restructuring, the outcome of which is unclear. Federal and provincial governments are transferring responsibilities to the municipal level, putting cultural funding in direct competition with schools, hospitals, social and emergency services. Multi-culturalism will alter the mandate, collections, programming and staffing of cultural institutions. Art librarians, lacking the ability to communicate with decision-makers, need a strategy to allow them to embrace new values and technology or they will be swept aside in the rapid change already evidenced daily which marginalizes the library and calls into question time-honoured traditions such as free access to information.
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Bagirova, A. V., i P. A. Chesnyalis. "LIBRARY INFORMATION SERVICES FOR THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE". Proceedings of SPSTL SB RAS, nr 2 (12.12.2019): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2019-2-54-57.
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The authors study the experience of foreign libraries (especially of USA and Canada) in rendering information services to the professional medical community. Publications on this item from 1980-es up to present times are the material for the analysis. As an example of successful interaction between foreign libraries and physicians, the following models are listed as “clinical librarianship”, ”embedded librarianship”, research information management.
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Oliphant, Tami, i Michael B. McNally. "Professional Decline and Resistance: The Case of Library and Archives Canada". Radical Teacher 99 (28.05.2014): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/rt.2014.105.
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In 2004, Canada was the first country in the world to amalgamate its two main documentary heritage institutions, the National Archives of Canada (established in 1872) and the National Library of Canada (established in 1953) into one "modernized" institution: Library and Archives Canada (LAC). The "modernization" policy has commercialized and reduced services, collections, and collaboration while simultaneously deprofessionalizing and casualizing the work of professionals. Resistance to modernization has come from many stakeholders across Canada but the responses by the Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT) and the Canadian Library Association (CLA) are particularly salient. Both are national organizations concerned with access to information and Canada’s documentary heritage. The case of LAC demonstrates how a neoliberal remaking of one prominent, national institution can weaken entire professions.
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Şeşen, Elif, Yasin Şeşen i Harun Şeşen. "Communication Skills of Library Staff: A Cognitive Study of Turks Using Library Services in Canada". Pakistan Journal of Information Management and Libraries 23 (2021): 50–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.47657/3015.
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Throughout the historical ages, migration movements have occurred due to different reasons such as wars, internal disturbances, environmental disasters, economic depressions, technological developments, and education. Efficient integration of individuals into society as a result of migration depends on the development of a multicultural perspective. Libraries are among the leading institutions today in terms of recognizing different cultures. Libraries serve everyone in society without any discrimination. In multicultural societies, immigrants can quickly and easily access all kinds of information they need from cultural libraries and information centers so that they can adapt to their new places and get equal service in cultural and social fields. For instance Canada, which is an example of a multicultural society, people who have been in the country were interviewed in the study aiming to evaluate the communication skills of staff working in library services. The data obtained with the semi-structured interview technique were subjected to thematic analysis. As a result of the analysis, a total of seven sub-themes were determined with two themes, ‘Library Services' and ‘Communication Skills'.
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Baumann, Andrea, i Mary Crea-Arsenio. "The Crisis in the Nursing Labour Market: Canadian Policy Perspectives". Healthcare 11, nr 13 (6.07.2023): 1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131954.
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The labour market for care professionals has experienced significant changes, resulting in critical shortages globally. Nurses represent the largest share of health workers worldwide; nonetheless, an estimated 13 million more nurses will be needed over the next 10 years. Prior to the pandemic, the domestic supply of nurses in Canada had not kept pace with the ever-increasing demand for services. Pre-pandemic age- and needs-based forecasting models have estimated shortages in an excess of 100,000 nurses nationwide by 2030. While COVID-19 has accelerated the demand for and complexity of service requirements, it has also resulted in losses of healthcare professionals due to an increased sick leave, unprecedented burnout and retirements. This paper examines key factors that have contributed to nursing supply issues in Canada over time and provides examples of policy responses to the present shortage facing the healthcare system. To provide adequate care, the nursing workforce must be stabilized and—more importantly—recognized as critical to the health of the population.
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Fraser, Melissa A., Ghislaine H. Tremblay, Isabelle Bourgeois i Robert Lahey. "Neutral Assessment of the National Research Council Canada Evaluation Function". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 28, nr 2 (wrzesień 2013): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.28.005.
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Abstract: Federal government departments and agencies are required to conduct a neutral assessment of their evaluation function once every five years under the Treasury Board Secretariat’s Policy on Evaluation (2009). This article describes the National Research Council’s experience conducting the first neutral assessment of its evaluation function. Based on learning from this first assessment, best practices that NRC intends on replicating, as well as lessons learned for future assessments, are discussed. This article may be of interest to both federal and non-federal organizations seeking to conduct a neutral assessment in an effort to improve their evaluation services and products.
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Li, Yanli, Maha Kumaran, Allan Cho, Valentina Ly, Suzanne Fernando i Michael David Miller. "Changes in the Library Landscape Regarding Visible Minority Librarians in Canada". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 17, nr 4 (14.12.2022): 36–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip30151.
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Objective – As a follow-up to the first 2013 survey, the Visible Minority Librarians of Canada (ViMLoC) network conducted its second comprehensive survey in 2021. The 2021 survey gathered detailed information about the demography, education, and employment of visible minority librarians (VMLs) working in Canadian institutions. Data from the 2021 survey and the analysis presented in this paper help us better understand the current library landscape, presented alongside findings from the 2013 survey. The research results will be helpful for professional associations and library administrators to develop initiatives to support VMLs. Methods – Researchers created online survey questionnaires using Qualtrics XM in English and translated them into French. We distributed the survey invitation through relevant library association electronic mail lists and posted on ViMLoC’s website, social networking platforms, and through their electronic mail list. The survey asked if the participant was a visible minority librarian. If the response was “No,” the survey closed. Respondents indicating "Yes" were asked 36 personal and professional questions of three types: multiple-choice, yes/no, and open-ended questions. Results – One hundred and sixty-two VMLs completed the 2021 survey. Chinese remained the largest ethnic identity, but their proportion in the survey decreased from 36% in 2013 to 24% in 2021. 65% were aged between 26 and 45 years old. More than half received their library degree during the 2010s. 89% completed their library degree in Canada, a 5% increase from 2013. The majority of librarians had graduated from University of Toronto (25%), followed closely by University of British Columbia (23%), and Western University (22%). Only 3% received their library degree from a library school outside North America. 34% of librarians earned a second master’s degree and 5% had a PhD. 60% of librarians had less than 11 years of experience. Nearly half worked in academic libraries. Most were located in Ontario and British Columbia. 69% of librarians were in non-management positions with 5% being senior administrators. 25% reported a salary above $100,000. In terms of job categories, the largest group worked in Reference/Information Services (45%), followed by Instruction Services (32%), and as Liaison Librarians (31%). Those working in Acquisitions/Collection Development saw the biggest jump from 1% in 2013 to 28% in 2021. 58% of librarians sought mentoring support, of whom 54% participated in formal mentorship programs, and 48% had a visible minority mentor. Conclusion – 35% more VMLs responded to the 2021 survey compared to the 2013 survey. Changes occurred in ethnic identity, generation, where VMLs earned a Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) or equivalent degree, library type, geographic location, and job responsibilities. The 2021 survey also explored other aspects of the VMLs not covered in the 2013 survey, such as librarian experience, salary, management positions, and mentorship experience. The findings suggested that the professional associations and library administrators would need collaborative efforts to support VMLs.
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Daniels, Kate, Christine Willis, Priscilla L. Stephenson, Brian L. Baker, Claudia Schuchardt-Peet i Amy Six-Means. "Assessment of Library Services in Pediatric Hospitals in the United States and Canada". Medical Reference Services Quarterly 42, nr 4 (2.10.2023): 352–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2023.2258054.
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Gard Marshall, Joanne, Jennifer Craft Morgan, Cheryl A. Thompson i Amber L. Wells. "Library and information services: impact on patient care quality". International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 27, nr 8 (7.10.2014): 672–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-10-2013-0119.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore library and information service impact on patient care quality. Design/methodology/approach – A large-scale critical incident survey of physicians and residents at 56 library sites serving 118 hospitals in the USA and Canada. Respondents were asked to base their answers on a recent incident in which they had used library resources to search for information related to a specific clinical case. Findings – Of 4,520 respondents, 75 percent said that they definitely or probably handled patient care differently using information obtained through the library. In a multivariate analysis, three summary clinical outcome measures were used as value and impact indicators: first, time saved; second, patient care changes; and third, adverse events avoided. The outcomes were examined in relation to four information access methods: first, asking librarian for assistance; second, performing search in a physical library; third, searching library's web site; or fourth, searching library resources on an institutional intranet. All library access methods had consistently positive relationships with the clinical outcomes, providing evidence that library services have a positive impact on patient care quality. Originality/value – Electronic collections and services provided by the library and the librarian contribute to patient care quality.
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Liu, Guoying. "Chinese Academic Library Services: A Web Survey". International Journal of Librarianship 1, nr 1 (12.12.2016): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.23974/ijol.2016.vol1.1.14.
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Chinese students form a significant population on Canadian university campuses. Literature indicates that these students face various challenges when using library services to meet their information needs. Canadian academic libraries need to better understand this group’s previous library experiences in China to help them address these challenges. A survey was conducted on the main library websites of all thirty- nine Chinese universities of the Project 985, a project initiated by Chinese government to found world class universities in China. It reveals that certain services reported as challenges for Chinese students by previous studies, such as: interlibrary loan, document delivery, reference services, and library instructions are popular in Chinese academic libraries; however, subject services, data services, and some other services are not as well established compared to their counterparts in Canada.
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Hicks, Karyn. "Program Evaluation in the Government of the Northwest Territories, 1967–2000". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 16, nr 3 (styczeń 2002): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.0016.009.
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Abstract: The Government of the Northwest Territories has followed many of the same trends as seen in southern Canada with regard to program evaluation. As evidenced through interviews, file reviews, and the retrieval of archived cabinet documentation, it appears that program evaluation in the Northwest Territories has experienced periods of high and low activity, and is now sharing the playing field with performance measurement. However, from this point forward the N.W.T. government diverges from the rest of Canada, as aboriginal self-government agreements are negotiated and the structure of the government changes. In anticipation of community delivery of programs and services, the government is developing northern evaluation resources and working with community program managers, nonprofit organizations, and charities.
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Shepherd, John, Larissa Petrillo i Allan Wilson. "Settling in: how newcomers use a public library". Library Management 39, nr 8/9 (12.11.2018): 583–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-01-2018-0001.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe how recent immigrants and refugees to Canada (“newcomers”) use the facilities of a large, urban public library. As the library previously surveyed the general user population, the responses to the two surveys can be compared. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaires were administered as patrons were leaving Surrey Libraries Branches to adult public library members who self-identified as newcomers who arrived in Canada within the previous ten years. Findings The pattern of library use by newcomers differed from that of the general population. They visited more frequently and stayed longer. Newcomers were heavier users of library services and used a wider range of services. They used the library branch as a public place. The library provided them with a place to study, read or meet other people. Research limitations/implications The study was exploratory. The small sample size and the data collection process do not allow extrapolation to the underlying population. Practical implications Recent newcomers often have similar informational, psychological and social needs. Public libraries can play a role in assisting newcomers during their adjustment process. Originality/value Researchers worked closely with library management to develop questions based on decision usefulness. An earlier in-house study allowed comparisons to be made between branch use by newcomers and general library users. Canadian studies into government policy, along with immigrant and refugee studies, provide context for the survey results.
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Melssen, Maria. "Canadian Healthcare Practitioners’ Access to Evidence Based Information is Inequitable". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 8, nr 2 (12.06.2013): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8fw3w.
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Objective – To determine what services and resources are available to health professionals through national Canadian and Alberta based health professional associations and licensing colleges and if those resources and services are being used. Also, to assess the associations’ perceptions of what resources and services Canadian health professionals actually need and if those needs are being met, membership satisfaction with the resources and services provided, and challenges the associations have with providing resources and services.
Design – Structured telephone interview.
Setting – Health professional associations and licensing colleges in Canada.
Subjects – 23 health professional associations: 9 Alberta-based associations and 14 national-level professional associations and licensing colleges.
Methods – A librarian, communications officer, or another individual in a comparable position at each association was invited via email to participate in the study. Individuals willing to participate in the interview were emailed the interview questions in advance. Telephone interviews were conducted in July and August of 2009. For those who did not respond to the email request or who did not wish to participate in the interviews, information was collected from the association’s website.
Main Results – Of the 23 contacted associations 12 agreed to be interviewed: less than 50% response rate. Data was collected from websites of seven associations that either declined to be interviewed or did not respond to the authors’ email request. Data were unavailable for four associations due to data being in members only sections of the websites. Data were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Resources and services provided by the associations and licensing colleges range from none to reference services provided by a librarian and access to licensed databases.
None of the three licensing colleges or the two provincial associations interviewed maintains usage statistics or surveys their members. Nor do they grant access to licensed databases or offer information services, such as having a librarian or other information professional available to answer reference questions or to perform mediated literature searches. The two provincial associations and the three licensing colleges interviewed do supply information pertinent to health professionals, for example insurance information and funding.
Seven national associations were interviewed: two permit access to databases developed by that association and three grant access to licensed databases such as Medline. All seven national associations provide access to journals (four of the seven only provide access to their own association’s journal) and five offer information services. Four maintain usage statistics and five survey their members.
Of the seven associations not interviewed, none grant access to licensed databases and one permits access to databases developed by that association. Five provide access to their own association’s journal and one provides book loans. Only one offers information services. Cost and the priority to provide resources to staff over members are barriers when trying to provide association members’ services and resources.
Conclusion – Health professionals’ access to health information varies depending on the professional’s area of specialization, location in Canada, and particular association memberships. There is no consistency as to what health information is available to all health professionals in Canada, specifically Alberta. The majority of the associations do not provide resources and services, nor do they survey members to assess their usage, desires, needs, or satisfaction with resources and services. Usage rates are low for the associations that do track resource and service usage.
A resource list of freely available online health information should be generated to mitigate existing disparities without accruing additional cost factors. Also, a partnership between hospital and academic libraries with various associations is needed to promote the usage of licensed and freely available resources accessible at institutions.
This study has several limitations. The low response rate and excluding associations and licensing colleges in other provinces make this an incomplete assessment of all associations which provide resources and services to health professionals in Canada, specifically Alberta. To compensate for this deficit, the authors had collected information from seven associations’ websites; however, because much of the needed information was within members-only pages, some data may be missing. Due to the study’s limitations, further research is needed to better assess health professionals’ information needs and barriers to their use of available resources and services.
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Paola Picco, M. A. "Multicultural Libraries' services and social integration: The case of public libraries in Montreal Canada". Public Library Quarterly 27, nr 1 (czerwiec 2008): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01616840802122443.
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Stevenson, Siobhan A. "Immaterial labour, public librarians, and third-generation public libraries". New Library World 117, nr 3/4 (14.03.2016): 186–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nlw-11-2015-0083.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to draw attention to one specific upper-level government policy document in which a discourse of perpetual innovation and customer service is promoted, and the kinds of questions such discursive interventions raise for the future of work in public libraries; and second, to demonstrate the explanatory potential of the concept of immaterial labour for questions relating to emerging labour processes in libraries. The concepts of “prosumer” and Web 2.0 are included as discursive resources of relevance to any discussion of immaterial labour. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a critical discourse analysis of a public policy visioning document for public libraries in Ontario, Canada, with reflections on related literatures. Findings – The concept of immaterial labour provides an additional analytic tool suitable for questions of relevance to public librarians and library scholars. Within the government text under review which deals specifically with the future of the public library to 2020, the identity of the public librarian is alarmingly absent. Conversely, the library patron as a producer and consumer is privileged. Research limitations/implications – Failure to attend to the broader policy arena within which the public library resides creates dangerous blind spots for public library professionals, educators and researchers. Practical implications – This paper demonstrates the value of a discourse analysis for uncovering the ideological dimensions of policy documents, while simultaneously modelling the method using the kind of policy text commonly produced in governments around the world. Social implications – This paper shows how failure to attend to the broader policy arena within which the public library resides creates dangerous blind spots for the public library community. Originality/value – This paper contextualizes the immaterial and volunteer labour of the public library user as producer/consumer in the context of the future of the frontline professional and waged librarian.
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Lee, Deborah. "Research and Indigenous Librarianship in Canada". Canadian Journal of Academic Librarianship 5 (31.05.2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/cjal-rcbu.v5.29922.
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This thought piece provides helpful information about ethical research practices related to research involving Indigenous peoples so that academic librarians (both Indigenous and non-Indigenous) are better informed about the complex issues that exist and arise in such endeavours. Woven throughout the paper are guidance and strategies to avoid causing harm when doing research with Indigenous peoples and communities, such as misrepresenting Indigenous peoples, cultures, and epistemologies. A brief account of the legacy of a long history of unethical research practices conducted by Western researchers who extracted Indigenous knowledge speaks to why Indigenous peoples do not trust academic research projects. Researchers need to question their own motives when they consider conducting research with Indigenous peoples and to respect that we want to be involved in our own solutions and in research that utilizes Indigenous values, with the goal that “nothing [is done] about us without us.” Key to building relationships and finding success in the research undertaken are an in-depth understanding of Indigenous protocols, values, and ways of knowing, as well as evidence of the researcher making a long-term commitment to the research and the community. Further, such an understanding provides an access point for librarians to contribute to the decolonization of library services while supporting Indigenous researchers.
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Mason, Greg, Andrew Buchel, Tony Haddad i Dwane UnRuh. "Assessing the Value for Money of Active Labour Market Programming for Persons with Disabilities". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 27, nr 2 (wrzesień 2012): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.27.002.
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Abstract: Treasury Board of Canada’s new policy on evaluation and its accompanying directive have placed increased pressure on those conducting federal evaluations to not only quantify the impacts of programming but also make measurable assessments of their value. However, making accurate statements about the value for money of programming can be difficult during evaluations. A number of technical and practical challenges can make common approaches infeasible. This article discusses a recent assessment of the value for money undertaken during the evaluation of the Canada-Manitoba Labour Market Agreement for Persons with Disabilities. It demonstrates a number of approaches that can be used to overcome some of the most common barriers to the assessment of value for money in evaluations.
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Kumaran, Maha, i Heather Cai. "Identifying the Visible Minority Librarians in Canada: A National Survey". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 10, nr 2 (14.06.2015): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8zc88.
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Abstract
Objective – This paper is based on a national survey conducted in late 2013 by the authors, then co-moderators of the Visible Minority Librarians of Canada (ViMLoC) Network of the Canadian Library Association (CLA). It is a first survey of its kind, aiming to capture a snapshot of the demographics of the visible minority librarians working in Canadian institutions. The authors hoped that the data collected from the survey and the analysis presented in this paper would help identify the needs, challenges and barriers of this group of librarians and set future directions for ViMLoC. The authors also hoped that the findings would be useful to library administrators, librarians, and researchers working on multicultural issues, diversity, recruitment and retention, leadership, library management, and other related areas.
Methods – An online survey questionnaire was created and the survey invitation was sent to visible minority librarians through relevant library association electronic mail lists and posted on ViMLoC’s electronic mail list and website. The survey consisted of 12 questions: multiple-choice, yes/no questions, and open-ended. The survey asked if the participants were visible minority librarians. If they responded “No,” the survey closed for them. Respondents who did not identify themselves as minority librarians were excluded from completing the survey.
Results – Of the 192 individuals that attempted, 120 who identified themselves as visible minority librarians completed the survey. Of these, 36% identified themselves as Chinese, followed by South Asian (20%) and Black (12%). There were 63% who identified themselves as first generation visible minorities and 28% who identified themselves as second generation. A total of 84% completed their library degree in Canada. Equal numbers (38% each) identified themselves as working in public and academic libraries, followed by 15% in special libraries. Although they are spread out all over Canada and beyond, a vast majority of them are in British Columbia (40%) and Ontario (26%). There were 38% who identified themselves as reference/information services librarians, followed by “other” (18%) and “liaison librarian” (17%). A total of 82% responded that they worked full time. The open-ended question at the end of the survey was answered by 42.5% of the respondents, with responses falling within the following broad themes: jobs, mentorship, professional development courses, workplace issues, general barriers, and success stories.
Conclusions – There are at least 120 first, second, and other generation minority librarians working in (or for) Canadian institutions across the country and beyond. They work in different kinds of libraries, are spread out all over Canada, and have had their library education in various countries or in Canada. They need a forum to discuss their issues and to have networking opportunities, and a mentorship program to seek advice from other librarians with similar backgrounds who have been in similar situations to themselves when finding jobs or re-pursuing their professional library degrees. Getting support from and working collaboratively with CLA, ViMLoC can be proactive in helping this group of visible minority librarians.
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Waddington, Murray. "The national role of the Library of the National Gallery of Canada". Art Libraries Journal 19, nr 1 (1994): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200008671.
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The financial situation of cultural institutions is becoming increasingly perilous, and two years into its new national mandate the Library of the National Gallery of Canada finds its resources absorbed by internal needs and local use. To sustain a vital presence in the community of art information specialists the Library must restrict its contributions to those which have modest or no resource imperatives: generously shared collections; well conceived services which are publicized and accessible; strengthened cataloguing to be shared; attention to preservation; development of expertise to be shared with colleagues and students; initiation and promotion of collaborative projects. As a federal body the National Gallery of Canada is excluded from funding sources available to others, but will support the projects of others. A national task force is needed to outline and develop a Canadian strategic plan for art libraries.
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Cahill, Ian, Paula Folkes i Les Szabo. "Simulating or Imputing Non-participant Intervention Durations Using a Flexible Semi-Parametric Model". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 21, nr 2 (wrzesień 2006): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.21.007.
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Abstract: In the evaluation of labour market training programs using matching, evaluators must decide when to start comparing participant outcomes against non-participant outcomes. Measurement relative to an intervention period permits the separation of training opportunity costs from possible benefits, but an equivalent period for the comparison group must be determined. One method imputes the timing of the intervention for comparisons from that of the participant match. However, with Propensity Score Matching, this may produce biased outcome estimates. Instead, the authors develop and apply semi-parametric duration models using Human Resources and Social Development Canada data to simulate the positioning and duration of the intervention for non-participants.
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Kavanagh, Rosemary. "THE VIRTUAL LIBRARY FOR BLIND AND PRINT DISABLED CANADIAN STUDENTS". Education Libraries 23, nr 1 (5.09.2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/el.v23i1.138.
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As the Information Age progresses in technological and electronic areas, so mustlibrarians re-define traditional services for those both with. and without sight. Libraries are expected to participate in setting new and better service standards for those with visual disabi lities and/or learning disorders. The Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) Library's national network (VISUNET: CANADA) supports the premise of a virtual library for print disabled C an adians. Information resources, services, and international collaborations such as the Digital Audio Based Information System (DAISY) are producing accessible materials for those who cannot read print. By interconnecting world information resources in any format of choice, and providing the best in content that is both digital and virtual with no limitations, libraries will assist print disabled Canadians to better compete for jobs in a rapidly changing working and learning environment.
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Glockner, Brigitte. "Hospital patient libraries andinformation services in Australia". Australian Health Review 24, nr 4 (2001): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah010156.
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In order to find out how many and what kind of Hospital Patient Libraries exist in Australia I placed a "Request for Information" on our national electronic discussion list entitled 'aliaHealth'. This discussion list has presently nearly 300 subscribers. Most of them are located in Australia, but they also come from Canada, Germany, Hong Kong, the United Kingdom and New Zealand. The e-mail address for 'aliaHealth' is: aliaHealth@alianet.alia.org.au. The result of my enquiry was rather poor: there are three Hospital Patient Libraries in Western Australia, one in Queensland and two in Victoria. The criterion was that the Library or Patient information Service had to be located within the Hospital grounds. The six Libraries or Information Services are described in detail.
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Booth, Andrew. "Where systems meet services: towards evidence‐based information practice". VINE 33, nr 2 (1.06.2003): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03055720310509037.
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Evidence‐based information practice is an important paradigm that is now emerging in mainstream information work from within healthcare information. This paper aims to provide an introduction to the concept before considering the imperative for practitioners to use insights from research within their professional practice and day‐to‐day decision making. The importance of a focused question and a systematic approach to critical appraisal are rehearsed and similarities with the domain of information systems are briefly considered. The paper concludes with state‐of‐the‐art observations from a recent conference in Canada and recommendations for further development of the paradigm. The objective is to achieve the eventual extinction of the concept through complete integration as simply another tool for reflective practice.
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Inklaar, Robert, Marcel P. Timmer i Bart van Ark. "Mind the Gap! International Comparisons of Productivity in Services and Goods Production". German Economic Review 8, nr 2 (1.05.2007): 281–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2007.00408.x.
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Abstract In this paper, we make a comparison of industry output, inputs and productivity growth and levels between seven advanced economies (Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, United Kingdom and United States). Our industry-level growth accounts make use of input data on labour quantity (hours) and composition (schooling levels), and distinguish between six different types of capital assets (including three information and communication technology (ICT) assets). The comparisons of levels rely on industry-specific purchasing power parities (PPPs) for output and inputs, within a consistent input-output framework for the year 1997. Our results show that differences in productivity growth and levels can be mainly traced to market services, not to goods-producing industries. Part of the strong productivity growth in market services in Anglo-Saxon countries, such as in Australia and Canada, may be related to relatively low productivity levels compared with the United States. In contrast, services productivity levels in continental European countries were on par with the United States in 1997, but growth in Europe was much weaker since then. In terms of factor input use, the United States is very different from all other countries, mostly because of the more intensive use of ICT capital in the United States.
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Sosnow, Clifford R., Sean Stephenson i Peter Kirby. "The Canada-European Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement and the Mining Sector: Key Issues and Opportunities". Global Trade and Customs Journal 9, Issue 6 (1.06.2014): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2014028.
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The Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada and the EU has the potential to be a generational 'game changer'. This potential is particularly robust for the mining sector. CETA will reduce tariffs on all mining commodities to zero, allow greater trans-Atlantic labour mobility, and access to capital and investments critical to capital intensive mining projects. Changes will not be immediate; however if CETA fulfils its potential, the benefits for Canadian and European mining companies could be considerable. While technical aspects of CETA continue to be negotiated and finalized, this article highlights publically available information at the time of writing on CETA's chapters on goods, services, investment, and the environment and how they apply to the mining sector.
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McKenna, Julie. "Best Reference Practices are Not Observed in Telephone Ready Reference Services". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 3, nr 2 (17.06.2008): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b89k59.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
A review of:
Agosto, Denise A. and Holly Anderton. “Whatever Happened to ‘Always Cite the Source?’” Reference & User Services Quarterly 47.1 (2007): 44-54.
Objective – To study source citing practice in telephone reference service in large public libraries in the United States and Canada.
Design – Field simulation (unobtrusive testing).
Setting – Large public libraries in the United States and Canada.
Subjects – Telephone reference staff of the 25 largest public libraries in the United States and Canada.
Methods – The 2005 World Book Almanac was used to select the 25 largest (in terms of population served) public libraries in Canada and the United States. Each system’s Web site was checked to locate the telephone number for reference service. For some systems it was necessary to call the general telephone number for the main library or the first branch listed on the Web site.
Five ready reference test questions were developed from a list of questions that students in a graduate library and information science course had previously asked of public library telephone reference services. The selected questions in the order that they were asked were:
1. Can you tell me when Valentine’s Day is?
2. Who is the current governor/premier (of the state/province where the library is located)?
3. What is the population of Montana?
4. In which state is the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) located?
5. What is the French word for “chiropractor”?
The authors called each of the 25 libraries during five consecutive weeks at different times of the business day. Each week, one question was asked; once an answer was received, no clarification was requested and the call was ended. The study reports the results of 125 reference transactions.
For this study, the following definitions were used to assess complete citation for each type of information resource:
• For a Web site – the complete URL (title and sponsor of the site not required).
• For a digital database – the database title and the title and year of the specific item (author, publisher, page number not required).
• For a print resource – the title and year (author, edition, page number, publisher and place of publication not required).
Each reference transaction was noted to record whether the answer was correct and to define the nature of source citing that occurred. Other notes were kept to describe other respondent behaviors and attitudes demonstrated during the transaction.
Main Results – 93.6% of the answers to the 125 reference questions were correct. Complete citations were provided seven times (5.6%) and partial citations were provided an additional thirty-one times (24.8%). In 68% of the 125 transactions, no source citation information was provided.
There was a corresponding relationship between the difficulty of the reference question and the respondent’s provision of any citation source (either a complete or incomplete citation source). Sources were generally not provided for simple questions even though the practice of citing is expected for all levels of questions. The practice of citing in order to reveal the path to the answer so that the user may become independent in the future was not observed.
In addition, five “negative closure” techniques were employed by respondents. These included unmonitored referral; immediate referral away from the service; articulating that the encounter would not be successful at the start; shutting down the transaction either by tone of voice or by use of phrase that precluded any further interaction with the user; or claiming that the information did not exist or was not available.
A reliance on digital formats rather than print sources was found.
Conclusion – The accuracy rate of the answers to the questions was very high (93.6%), but other aspects of the service were considered to be less than satisfactory. The Reference and User Services Association (RUSA) Guidelines, considered the best practices for reference service, were not observed and in particular, the source citation rule was not followed.
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Needham, Gillian. "First International M-Libraries Conference 13th – 14th November 2007". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 2, nr 3 (5.09.2007): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8q309.
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The Open University (UK) and Athabasca University (Canada) are hosting the very first international conference to focus on the delivery of library services and resources to users via mobile and handheld devices. This event on November 13th and 14th at the Open University in Milton Keynes will bring together researchers, managers and practitioners from around the world who are interested in extending the value and flexibility of libraries in new and exciting ways.
For more details and to register, please visit the website at: http://library.open.ac.uk/mLibraries/.
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Barysheva, Ekaterina A. "Practice of Preserving Collections in the Library and Archives Canada". Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science] 69, nr 5 (9.12.2020): 509–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2020-69-5-509-521.
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The Library and Archives of Canada (LAC) is Federal department of Canada established by the Parliament of Canada in 2004 to integrate services and functions of the National library and the National Archives of Canada; and currently it is the fourth-largest library in the world. The article discusses the experience of the Library and Archives Canada in creating modern centres for preserving documentary heritage, organizing the work of collections management, their conservation and restoration, ensuring openness and accessibility of collections. The main sources were materials published on the LAC website, primarily planning, reporting and financial documentation of the institution, as well as publications in the Canadian periodical press. Special attention is paid to the buildings and premises of the LAC storage facilities. The author describes the concept of the project of the Gatineau Preservation Centre, GPC. The complex, opened in 1997, is one of the top architectural objects constructed in Canada in the 20th century and one of the most secure library storage facilities in the world. The article considers organization of collections storage in the GPC and the work of restoration laboratories located in it. The author shows that GPC provides the most favourable storage conditions for the most valuable and vulnerable LAC collections. The paper gives information about the storage facility in the main LAC building in Ottawa on Wellington Street (built in 1967; modernized in the early 2000s), as well as storage facilities in Gatineau, Renfrew and Winnipeg.The author characterizes the new version of the LAC Collections Preservation Program (2018) which defines the strategic objectives of the institution in this area, both for the nearest future and for the long term. The paper presents results of a large-scale study of the state of the collections storage in LAC (2016—2018) and outlines the most acute problems identified in this study. There is emphasized the importance of the construction of the new Gatineau-2 complex, launched in 2019 (Project cost is 330 million Canadian dollars). According to experts, Gatineau-2 will become one of the largest, technologically equipped and environmental centres for the conservation and restoration of library collections in the world, as well as the first zero-energy storage facility in North America. In Canada, special attention is paid to the construction of modern centres for the preservation of documentary heritage, which create all the necessary conditions for long-term security of collections, conservation and restoration work. Implementation of such projects is impossible without government support, without understanding by authorities of the leading role of libraries and archives in the preservation and promotion of the national cultural heritage. The experience of LAC may be of interest to Russia, taking into account the tasks set in the document “The main directions of development of activities to preserve library collections in the Russian Federation for 2011—2020” and elaboration of long-term programs in this area.
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Ramírez, Ricardo. "Moments of Truth: An Unexplored Dimension to Communicate Effectiveness". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 23, nr 2 (wrzesień 2008): 117–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.23.008.
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Abstract: The settings for this article are rural and remote communities in the province of Ontario, Canada, where the advent of high-speed Internet has brought about new opportunities for the provision of public health and information services. This article proposes that public funding agencies and service providers will gain planning and evaluation insight from the notion of “moments of truth” as an additional dimension to capture and communicate program effectiveness. This is an evaluation dimension that is seldom appreciated as valid in the public sector, and yet it is at the heart of private sector behaviour.
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Scott, Kimberly A. "Reconciliation and Energy Democracy". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 34, nr 3 (styczeń 2020): 480–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.68844.
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Abstract: Indigenous clean-energy leaders are moving Canada’s sustainable development agenda along at an impressive rate and are setting the stage for the localization of goods and services. Indigenous communities that do not yet have enough energy security should be the first recipients of green infrastructure investments in order to bolster equity as a tenet of Canadian nationalism. A series of key policy drivers to amplify Indigenous inclusion in the energy transition are offered as well as a number of performance indicators that can determine the extent to which Canada is advancing on reconciliation and energy democracy.
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Bishop, Joan E. H., i Evelyn Vingilis. "Development of a Framework for Comprehensive Evaluation of Client Outcomes in Community Mental Health Services". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 21, nr 2 (wrzesień 2006): 133–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.21.006.
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Abstract: The conduct of outcomes research on clients with serious mental illness using community mental health services is a challenge. Causal models with inclusion of mediating and moderating variables from social sciences evaluation methods provide a framework for conceptualizing and evaluating the complexity of community mental health services. This article presents the conceptualization and development of a framework for comprehensive evaluation of client outcomes in community mental health services and describes a case example of operationalizing and testing the framework in an evaluation of Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. The initial framework was developed by hypothesizing a cause-effect pathway and links among delivered treatment variables, the implementation system, external factors, and intermediate and longer term outcomes. The framework was further validated and modified through stakeholder input. All variables identified in the framework were then operationally defined and instruments with good psychometric properties were chosen to measure the variables. This framework can provide a generic example for the conduct of community mental health evaluations.
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Kiselbach, Daniel. "The Canada EU Free Trade Agreement Demystified: New Opportunities for Trade, Investment and Government Procurement". Global Trade and Customs Journal 9, Issue 2 (1.02.2014): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2014007.
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The Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) 'agreement in principle' was signed on 18 October 2013 by Prime Minister Harper and European President Jose Manuel Barroso. On 29 October 2013, the Prime Minister tabled a report on CETA and hailed it as: 'the biggest deal ever concluded by Canada'. If it is not the biggest deal, it is certainly a big deal. CETA provides a variety of trade, investment and government procurement opportunities to Canadian and EU businesses which are expected to pay dividends for years to come. CETA will provide Canada with access to the twenty-eight member EU, which has over 500 million consumers, and CDN 17 trillion in annual economic activity. It will remove 98% of EU import tariffs on goods originating from Canada (e.g., aerospace parts, agricultural products, automobiles, beef and bison, chemicals, dairy products, forest products, fruits and vegetables, grains and oils, industrial machinery, iron and steel, IT equipment, medical equipment, metals, minerals, plastic products, and seafood products). CETA could boost Canada's annual income by CDN 12 billion, create 80,000 jobs, and result in a 20% annual increase in bilateral trade. Once CETA is ratified, Canada will have preferential trade agreements with countries having 53% of global GDP (approximately CDN 36.4 trillion), and a trade advantage over the USA. The EU expects CETA to result in duty savings of approximately CDN 700 million. CETA will remove Canadian import tariffs on goods including automobiles, some cheeses, industrial machinery, seafood products, and wine and spirits. European exporters will save three times as much in annual duty payments as Canadian exporters. Canadian businesses and consumers stand to benefit if retailers and exporters pass on duty savings to them. At present Canada is the EU's fourth largest source of investment, and the EU's twelfth largest export market. CETA is not just a free trade agreement. It addresses issues such as services and investment; government procurement; intellectual property; dispute settlement; sustainable development, the environment; immigration and labour. This ambitious agreement will create business opportunities for a large number of sectors including: advanced manufacturing; the automotive industry; chemicals and plastics; agriculture and agri-food; food processing; metals and mineral products; fish and seafood products; information and communications technology; services; investment and government procurement. Within an improved regulatory environment under CETA, Canadian and EU businesses will be able to forge new alliances, and access new markets.
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Campbell, Graeme, Michelle Lake i Catherine McGoveran. "Investigating the Persistence of Federal Government Publications in Academic Former Full Depository Libraries in Canada". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 18, nr 1 (16.03.2023): 24–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip30203.
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Objective – The Depository Services Program (DSP) provided printed Government of Canada publications to libraries until the termination of its distribution program in 2013. Full Depository Libraries (FDLs) received all eligible publications distributed by the DSP automatically. This study endeavours to determine whether academic library members of the Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL) that were formerly FDLs have maintained their print, federal government holdings since 2013; and what the results of the data collected in this study reveal about access to government information in Canada more broadly. Methods – The study identified a sample of 100 monographs distributed to FDLs via the DSP between 1979 and 2009. Each monograph was then searched for in the public catalogues of former FDL CARL member libraries to determine current holdings. Results – Most libraries included in the sample did not have records of all 100 publications, but every publication was located in at least 5 libraries and 12 publications were found in all libraries included in the study. Of the libraries in our sample, 1/3 had retained more than 90 of 100 publications, and 3/4 had retained at least 80. Conclusion – The redundancy that was a cornerstone of the DSP network still exists to a certain extent and should be leveraged to ensure retention and access to these essential materials for years to come. Existing collaborations and partnerships are well positioned to support a pan-Canadian discussion about preservation of and access to historical federal government information in Canadian libraries and library networks.
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Robertson, Jack. "Education and continuing training for art librarianship: A North American Perspective". Art Libraries Journal 19, nr 2 (1994): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200008750.
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There are 58 universities in the US and Canada which offer graduate degrees in library and information science. At 33 of these, students can take elective courses in subject areas such as art history, but only eight of them provide a special course focussing on art librarianship. There are, however, numerous courses and work study oportunities which allow a student to prepare for jobs in this field. An annual survey conducted by ARLIS/NA reveals some interesting facts regarding educational opportunities, and these facts illustrate a tendency towards intermixing generalist and specialist aspects of professional education. The College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, offers a course in ‘Literature and Research in the Arts’, enabling library science students to explore the ‘bibliography’ of art (including electronic sources) as one element in a broader program of study.
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Rod, Alisa B. "It Takes a Researcher to Know a Researcher: Academic Librarian Perspectives Regarding Skills and Training for Research Data Support in Canada". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 18, nr 2 (15.06.2023): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip30297.
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Objective – This empirical study aims to contribute qualitative evidence on the perspectives of data-related librarians regarding the necessary skills, education, and training for these roles in the context of Canadian academic libraries. A second aim of this study is to understand the perspectives of data-related librarians regarding the specific role of the MLIS in providing relevant training and education. The definition of a data-related librarian in this study includes any librarian or professional who has a conventional title related to a field of data librarianship (i.e., research data management, data services, GIS, data visualization, data science) or any other librarian or professional whose duties include providing data-related services within an academic institution. Methods – This study incorporates in-depth qualitative empirical evidence in the form of 12 semi-structured interviews of data-related librarians to investigate first-hand perspectives on the necessary skills required for such positions and the mechanisms for acquiring and maintaining such skills. Results – The interviews identified four major themes related to the skills required for library-related data services positions, including the perceived importance of experience conducting original research, proficiency in computational coding and quantitative methods, MLIS-related skills such as understanding metadata, and the ability to learn new skills quickly on the job. Overall, the implication of this study regarding the training from MLIS programs concerning data-related librarianship is that although expertise in metadata, documentation, and information management are vital skills for data-related librarians, the MLIS is increasingly less competitive compared with degree programs that offer a greater emphasis on practical experience working with different types of data in a research context and implementing a variety of methodological approaches. Conclusion – This study demonstrates that an in-depth qualitative portrait of data-related librarians within a national academic ecosystem provides valuable new insights regarding the perceived importance of conducting original empirical research to succeed in these roles.
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Farrell, Susan J., i Tim D. Aubry. "Comprehensive Costing of Support Services for Vulnerable Populations: A Case Study". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 17, nr 3 (styczeń 2003): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.0017.002.
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Abstract: Comprehensive costing of human services remains an understudied issue in evaluating health and social services. Evaluations done to date have either considered only some of the services offered to clients or restricted the examination to costs borne by programs. Most studies to date have been conducted in the United States and Britain, countries that have different systems of health and social services than Canada. This article presents a case study of the use of a “comprehensive costing approach” in a Canadian context. The approach examines the full range of costs of health and social services and other supports associated with assisting a person with severe and persistent mental illness to live in the community. The case study represents a pilot program (funded by the Ministry of Health in Ontario) to provide specialized support services for a consumer to live in the community. Cost comparisons developed around the initiation of the pilot program in the present evaluation examined the consumer’s initial months in the program and a period prior to entering the program when the consumer was receiving standard care in the community, including a period of hospitalization. Costs were compared according to different domains such as accommodation, social benefits, and health and social services. Perspectives of program planners on the impact of costing evaluations for a case study are provided, followed by limitations and future directions for the methodology.
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Macdonald, Kerry, Andrew Robert, Breanne Bannerman-Gobeil, Richard Bee, Alan Chorney, Caralie Heinrichs, Stacey Lee, Kelly Murray i Melanie Sucha. "Manitoba Public Libraries Response to the Early Stages of COVID-19". Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library and Information Practice and Research 16, nr 1 (9.07.2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/partnership.v16i1.6473.
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Like many libraries across Canada, Manitoba public libraries have grappled with the challenges that COVID-19 has presented. Libraries have struggled to remain operational and offer a high level of service to patrons within the constraint of public health orders, all the while ensuring the safety and employment of their staff. Within the ever-changing environment of COVID-19, the Manitoba Library Association recognized the need to gather information from the library community in order to better position themselves to lend support and in an attempt to bridge information gaps. This article describes a study conducted by the Manitoba Library Association whereby fifty-five Manitoba public libraries were surveyed to identify how they were responding to COVID-19 and what their needs might be. The survey questions were divided into 6 sections (facilities, services, communications, staffing, connecting, wrap-up) and the results provide information and insight into how the Manitoba library community has dealt with the pandemic. More importantly, the results can serve to guide other libraries in decision-making and preparation for a pandemic.
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Leclerc, Guy. "Efficacité—la communication et la vérification de l'information sur l'efficacité dans le secteur public. Un rapport de la Fondation canadienne pour la vérification intégrée (FCVI)". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 3, nr 1 (marzec 1988): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.03.008.
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Au Canada, les dépenses publiques sont très importantes. Depuis quelques années, elles représentent près de 40 % du produit intérieur brut. Le gouvernement fait plus que gouverner un peuple: il est devenu un puissant agent économique, et même un des principaux intervenants sur le marché. À titre de plus gros employeur, il mobilise une partie importante de la main-d'oeuvre canadienne. Il possède certaines des plus grosses entreprises industrielles et commerciales au pays. Il redistribue le revenu national sur une très grande échelle grâce à une panoplie de mécanismes économiques et sociaux. En soi, le gouvernement est un intermédiaire financier d'envergure internationale. C'est aussi le plus gros acheteur de biens d'équipement. Et il dispense ses services collectivement ou individuellement à tous les citoyens du pays.
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Roos, Leslie L., i Heather Payne. "Health Care Evaluation in a Government Agency: Goals, Organization, and Software". Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 2, nr 1 (marzec 1987): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.02.002.
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Abstract: The demands on the Manitoba Health Services Commission to provide timely data to assist government, health boards, planners and service providers have been increasing. Users have wanted a system to provide easy manipulation of data to address questions of cost containment without compromising quality of care, of differences in utilization across areas, and of program evaluation. Such problems are similar across provinces, as are the data sets available to address them—hospital admissions/separations, physician claims, personal care home records, and so forth. The Manitoba Health Services Commission is setting up an Information Centre to instruct potential end users on data base availability, restrictions on access, software, and so on. Users will be running the Health Applications System (HAS) in combination with the well-known Statistical Analysis System (SAS) to do their own data analysis. Analysts will be able to address issues singled out by Statistics Canada as top priority information needs: health care utilization, hospital morbidity, and mortality. An effort will be made to feed back information to hospitals and providers; the critical task is to use available analytic tools to help provide constructive direction to the health care system.
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Cox, Andrew M., Mary Anne Kennan, Liz Lyon, Stephen Pinfield i Laura Sbaffi. "Maturing research data services and the transformation of academic libraries". Journal of Documentation 75, nr 6 (26.09.2019): 1432–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-12-2018-0211.
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Purpose A major development in academic libraries in the last decade has been recognition of the need to support research data management (RDM). The purpose of this paper is to capture how library research data services (RDS) have developed and to assess the impact of this on the nature of academic libraries. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire responses from libraries in Australia, Canada, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the UK and USA from 2018 are compared to a previous data set from 2014. Findings The evidence supports a picture of the spread of RDS, especially advisory ones. However, future ambitions do not seem to have seen much evolution. There is limited evidence of organisational change and skills shortages remain. Most service development can be explained as the extension of traditional library services to research data. Yet there remains the potential for transformational impacts, when combined with the demands implied by other new services such as around text and data mining, bibliometrics and artificial intelligence. A revised maturity model is presented that summarises typical stages of development of services, structures and skills. Research limitations/implications The research models show how RDS are developing. It also reflects on the extent to which RDM represents a transformation of the role of academic libraries. Practical implications Practitioners working in the RDM arena can benchmark their current practices and future plans against wider patterns. Originality/value The study offers a clear picture of the evolution of research data services internationally and proposes a maturity model to capture typical stages of development. It contributes to the wider discussion of how the nature of academic libraries are changing.
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Visintini, Sarah, Mish Boutet, Melissa Helwig i Alison Manley. "Research Support in Health Sciences Libraries: A Scoping Review". Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association / Journal de l'Association des bibliothèques de la santé du Canada 39, nr 2 (24.07.2018): 56–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/jchla29366.
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Background:As part of a health sciences library’s internal assessment of its research support services, an environmental scan and literature review were conducted to identify research services offered elsewhere in Canada. Through this process, it became clear that a more formal review of the academic literature would help libraries make informed decisions about their services. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review of research services provided in health sciences libraries contexts.Methods:Searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, ERIC, CINAHL, LISTA, LISS, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google for articles which described the development, implementation, or evaluation of one or more research support initiatives in a health sciences library context. We identified additional articles by searching reference lists of included studies and soliciting medical library listservs.Results:Our database searches retrieved 7134 records, 4026 after duplicates were removed. Title/abstract screening excluded 3751, with 333 records retained for full-text screening. Seventy-five records were included, reporting on 74 different initiatives. Included studies were published between 1990 and 2017, the majority from North American and academic library contexts. Major service areas reported were the creation of new research support positions, and support services for systematic review support, grants, data management, open access and repositories.Conclusion:This scoping review is the first review to our knowledge to map research support services in the health sciences library context. It identified main areas of research service support provided by health sciences libraries that can be used for benchmarking or information gathering purposes.