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Kalaiah, Mohan Kumar, Sanjana Poovaiah i Usha Shastri. "Threshold Estimation Using “Chained Stimuli” for Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in Individuals With Normal Hearing and Hearing Impairment". American Journal of Audiology 28, nr 2S (28.08.2019): 428–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_aja-ind50-18-0090.
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Purpose We investigated the utility of chained stimuli for threshold estimation using cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) in individuals with normal hearing sensitivity and hearing loss. The effect of the order of frequency in chained stimuli on CAEPs was also studied. Method Seventeen individuals with normal hearing and 17 individuals with mild to severe sensorineural hearing loss participated in the study. In individuals with normal hearing, CAEPs were recorded at 80 dB nHL for 4 chained stimuli with different orders of frequencies within them (Chained Stimuli 1 [CS1]: 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz; Chained Stimuli 2: 4000, 2000, 1000, 500 Hz; Chained Stimuli 3: 500, 2000, 1000, 4000 Hz; Chained Stimuli 4: 4000, 1000, 2000, 500 Hz). CAEP threshold estimation was carried out using CS1 in both groups and was compared with behavioral pure-tone thresholds. Results CS1 elicited the largest amplitude responses at low and mid frequencies, whereas all 4 stimuli elicited similar amplitude responses at high frequencies. CAEP thresholds were generally within 10–20 dB above the participants' behavioral threshold in both groups. The difference between CAEP threshold and behavioral threshold was less for individuals with hearing loss compared to individuals with normal hearing. There was a significant positive correlation between CAEP threshold and behavioral threshold at all the frequencies. Conclusions CS1 could be used to elicit CAEPs for threshold estimation in adult participants with normal hearing and hearing loss of varied degrees with theoretically reduced testing time. The actual time reduction using chained stimuli and the correction factor to be applied to estimate behavioral threshold can be studied in future investigations.
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Fiuza Regaçone, Simone, Vitor Engrácia Valenti i Ana Cláudia Figueiredo Frizzo. "Effect of the Use of Different Acoustic Stimuli on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials and Autonomic Cardiac Modulation". BioMed Research International 2018 (3.06.2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5171304.
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Purpose. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials (CAEPs) measurements and autonomic cardiac modulation in relation to different acoustic stimuli and to verify which of these stimuli have more influence on the autonomic nervous system. Methods. Sixty healthy women, aged between 18 and 25 years, participated in this study. Prior to the CAEP examination, blood pressure and resting heart rate were measured using a stethoscope, sphygmomanometer, and the Polar RS800CX cardiofrequency measures. After the collection of these measures, the CAEP test was started simultaneously with the HRV collection. Results. All the HRV indices presented correlations with the components of the CAEPs. During the acoustic stimulation, a predominance of the modulation of the autonomic parasympathetic nervous system was observed. The harmonic and disharmonic stimuli were the ones that presented the most correlations between the measures analyzed in this study. Conclusions. There was an association between CAEP and cardiac autonomic modulation in relation to different acoustic stimuli. Among the acoustic stimuli used in this study, the ones that most influenced the autonomic cardiac modulation were harmonic and disharmonic stimuli, which are acoustically more complex stimuli.
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Bardy, Fabrice, Jessica Sjahalam-King, Bram Van Dun i Harvey Dillon. "Cortical Auditory-Evoked Potentials in Response to Multitone Stimuli in Hearing-Impaired Adults". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 27, nr 05 (maj 2016): 406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.15068.
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Purpose: To determine if one-octave multitone (MT) stimuli increase the amplitude of cortical auditory-evoked potentials (CAEPs) in individuals with a hearing loss when compared to standard pure-tone (PT) stimuli and narrow-band noise (NBN). Research Design: CAEPs were obtained from 16 hearing-impaired adults in response to PT and MT auditory stimuli centered around 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz and NBN centered around 1 and 2 kHz. Hearing impairment ranged from a mild to a moderate hearing loss in both ears. Auditory stimuli were monaurally delivered through insert earphones at 10 and 20 dB above threshold. The root mean square amplitude of the CAEP and the detectability of the responses using Hotelling’s T2 were calculated and analyzed. Results: CAEP amplitudes elicited with MT stimuli were on average 29% larger than PT stimuli for frequencies centered around 1, 2, and 4 kHz. No significant difference was found for responses to 0.5-kHz stimuli. Significantly higher objective detection scores were found for MT when compared to PT. For the 1- and 2-kHz stimuli, the CAEP amplitudes to NBN were not significantly different to those evoked by PT but a significant difference was found between MT stimuli and both NBN and PT. The mean detection sensitivity of MT for the four frequencies was 80% at 10 dB SL and 95% at 20 dB SL, and was comparable with detection sensitivities observed in normal-hearing participants. Conclusions: Using MT stimuli when testing CAEPs in adults with hearing impairment showed larger amplitudes and a higher objective detection sensitivity compared to using traditional PT stimuli for frequencies centered around 1, 2, and 4 kHz. These findings suggest that MT stimuli are a clinically useful tool to increase the efficiency of frequency-specific CAEP testing in adults with hearing impairment.
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Carter, Lyndal, Harvey Dillon, John Seymour, Mark Seeto i Bram Van Dun. "Cortical Auditory-Evoked Potentials (CAEPs) in Adults in Response to Filtered Speech Stimuli". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 24, nr 09 (październik 2013): 807–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.24.9.5.
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Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that cortical auditory-evoked potentials (CAEPs) can be reliably elicited in response to speech stimuli in listeners wearing hearing aids. It is unclear, however, how close to the aided behavioral threshold (i.e., at what behavioral sensation level) a sound must be before a cortical response can reliably be detected. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the relationship between CAEP detection and the audibility of speech sounds (as measured behaviorally), when the listener is wearing a hearing aid fitted to prescriptive targets. A secondary aim was to investigate whether CAEP detection is affected by varying the frequency emphasis of stimuli, so as to simulate variations to the prescribed gain-frequency response of a hearing aid. The results have direct implications for the evaluation of hearing aid fittings in nonresponsive adult clients, and indirect implications for the evaluation of hearing aid fittings in infants. Research Design: Participants wore hearing aids while listening to speech sounds presented in a sound field. Aided thresholds were measured, and cortical responses evoked, under a range of stimulus conditions. The presence or absence of CAEPs was determined by an automated statistic. Study Sample: Participants were adults (6 females and 4 males). Participants had sensorineural hearing loss ranging from mild to severe-profound in degree. Data Collection and Analysis: Participants' own hearing aids were replaced with a test hearing aid, with linear processing, during assessments. Pure-tone thresholds and hearing aid gain measurements were obtained, and a theoretical prediction of speech stimulus audibility for each participant (similar to those used for audibility predictions in infant hearing aid fittings) was calculated. Three speech stimuli, (/m/, /t/, and /g/) were presented aided (monaurally, nontest ear occluded), free field, under three conditions (+4 dB/octave, −4 dB/octave, and without filtering), at levels of 40, 50, and 60 dB SPL (measured for the unfiltered condition). Behavioral thresholds were obtained, and CAEP recordings were made using these stimuli. The interaction of hearing loss, presentation levels, and filtering conditions resulted in a range of CAEP test behavioral sensation levels (SLs), from −25 to +40 dB. Results: Statistically significant CAEPs (p < .05) were obtained for virtually every presentation where the behavioral sensation level was >10 dB, and for only 5% of occasions when the sensation level was negative. In these (“false-positive”) cases, the greatest (negative) sensation level at which a CAEP was judged to be present was −6 dB SL. Conclusions: CAEPs are a sensitive tool for directly evaluating the audibility of speech sounds, at least for adult listeners. CAEP evaluation was found to be more accurate than audibility predictions, based on threshold and hearing aid response measures.
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Lima, Daiane, Simone Regaçone, Anna Oliveira, Yara Alcântara, Eduardo Chagas i Ana Frizzo. "Analysis of the Effect of Musical Stimulation on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials". International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 23, nr 01 (25.07.2018): 031–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1651507.
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Introduction Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) are bioelectric responses that occur from acoustic stimulations, and they assess the functionality of the central auditory system. Objective The objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of musical stimulation on CAEPs. Methods The sample consisted of 42 healthy female subjects, aged between 18 and 24 years, divided into two groups – G1: without musical stimulation prior to the CAEP examination; and G2: with stimulation prior to the examination. In both groups, as a pre-collection procedure, the complete basic audiological evaluation was performed. For the musical stimulation performed in G2, we used an MP4 player programmed to play Pachelbel's “Canon in D Major” for five minutes prior to the CAEP examination. To analyze the effect on the groups, the ear side and the ide–group interaction , a mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repeated measures was performed. Box M test and Mauchly sphericity test were also performed. Results Test differences were considered statistically significant when the p-value was < 0.05 (5%). Thus, it was possible to observe that there was a statistically significant difference of the P2 component characterized by the decrease in the amplitude of response in the left ear in G2 when comparing the responses of CAEP with and without prior musical stimulation. Conclusion The result of the present study enabled us to conclude that there was a change in the response of CAEPs with musical stimulation.
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Hill, Brandon J., Stephanie A. Sanders, Richard A. Crosby, Kara N. Ingelhart i Erick Janssen. "Condom-associated erection problems: behavioural responses and attributions in young, heterosexual men". Sexual Health 12, nr 5 (2015): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14051.
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Background Previous studies have associated men who experience condom-associated erection problems (CAEP) with incomplete condom use and/or foregoing using condoms altogether. However, how men respond to CAEP and what they attribute CAEP to, remains unclear. Understanding young men’s CAEP responses and attributions could help improve sexually transmissible infections (STI)/HIV prevention programs and interventions. Methods: Behavioural responses to, and attributions for, CAEP during application (CAEP-Application) and/or during penile-vaginal intercourse (CAEP-PVI) were reported using an online questionnaire by 295 young, heterosexual men (aged 18–24 years) who were recruited via social media websites and university Listservs across major cities in the Midwestern USA. Results: Behavioural responses to CAEP-Application included receiving oral or manual stimulation, stimulating a partner, self-stimulation, foregoing condom use and applying the condom after starting intercourse. Attributions for CAEP-Application included: distraction, fit and feel problems, application taking too long and having consumed too much alcohol. Behavioural responses to CAEP-PVI included increasing the intensity of intercourse, removing the condom to receive oral or manual stimulation and removing condom and continuing intercourse. Attributions for CAEP-PVI included: lack of sensation, taking too long to orgasm, not being ‘turned on’ enough, fit and feel problems and partner-related factors. Conclusions: Men who report CAEP respond with both STI/HIV risk-reducing and potentially risk-increasing behaviours (e.g. forgoing condom use). Men attribute their experiences to a wide range of individual- and partner-level factors. Addressing men’s CAEP behavioural responses and attributions may increase the efficacious value of condom programs and STI/HIV prevention interventions – particularly among men who experience CAEP.
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Van Dun, Bram, Harvey Dillon i Mark Seeto. "Estimating Hearing Thresholds in Hearing-Impaired Adults through Objective Detection of Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 26, nr 04 (kwiecień 2015): 370–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.26.4.5.
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Background: Hearing threshold estimation based on cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) has been applied for some decades. However, available research is scarce evaluating the accuracy of this technique with an automated paradigm for the objective detection of CAEPs. Purpose: To determine the difference between behavioral and CAEP thresholds detected using an objective paradigm based on the Hotelling’s T 2 statistic. To propose a decision tree to choose the next stimulus level in a sample of hearing-impaired adults. This knowledge potentially could increase the efficiency of clinical hearing threshold testing. Research Design: Correlational cohort study. Thresholds obtained behaviorally were compared with thresholds obtained through cortical testing. Study Sample: Thirty-four adults with hearing loss participated in this study. Data Collection and Analysis: For each audiometric frequency and each ear, behavioral thresholds were collected with both pure-tone and 40-msec tone-burst stimuli. Then, corresponding cortical hearing thresholds were determined. An objective cortical-response detection algorithm based on the Hotelling’s T 2 statistic was applied to determine response presence. A decision tree was used to select the next stimulus level. In total, 241 behavioral-cortical threshold pairs were available for analysis. The differences between CAEP and behavioral thresholds (and their standard deviations [SDs]) were determined for each audiometric frequency. Cortical amplitudes and electroencephalogram noise levels were extracted. The practical applicability of the decision tree was evaluated and compared to a Hughson-Westlake paradigm. Results: It was shown that, when collapsed over all audiometric frequencies, behavioral pure-tone thresholds were on average 10 dB lower than 40-msec cortical tone-burst thresholds, with an SD of 10 dB. Four percent of CAEP thresholds, all obtained from just three individual participants, were more than 30 dB higher than their behavioral counterparts. The use of a decision tree instead of a Hughson-Westlake procedure to obtain a CAEP threshold did not seem to reduce test time, but there was significantly less variation in the number of CAEP trials needed to determine a threshold. Conclusions: Behavioral hearing thresholds in hearing-impaired adults can be determined with an acceptable degree of accuracy (mean threshold correction and SD of both 10 dB) using an objective statistical cortical-response detection algorithm in combination with a decision tree to determine the test levels.
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Lee, Jee Yeon, Byung Chul Kang, Jun Woo Park i Hong Ju Park. "Changes in Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials by Ipsilateral, Contralateral and Binaural Speech Stimulation in Normal-Hearing Adults". Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology 13, nr 2 (1.05.2020): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2019.00801.
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Objectives. Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) have been used to examine auditory cortical development or changes in patients with hearing loss. However, there have been no studies analyzing CAEP responses to the different sound stimulation by different stimulation sides. We characterized changes in normal CAEP responses by stimulation sides in normal-hearing adults.Methods. CAEPs from the right auditory cortex were recorded in 16 adults following unilateral (ipsilateral and contralateral) and bilateral sound stimulation using three speech sounds (/m/, /g/, and /t/). Amplitudes and latencies of the CAEP peaks in three conditions were compared.Results. Contralateral stimulation elicited larger P2-N1 amplitudes (sum of P2 and N1 amplitudes) than ipsilateral stimulation regardless of the stimulation sounds, mostly due to the larger P2 amplitudes obtained, but elicited comparable P2-N1 amplitudes to bilateral stimulation. Although the P2-N1 amplitudes obtained with the three speech sounds were comparable following contralateral stimulation, the /m/ sound elicited the largest P2-N1 amplitude in ipsilateral stimulation condition due to the largest N1 amplitude obtained, whereas /t/ elicited larger a P2-N1 amplitude than /g/ in bilateral stimulation condition due to a larger P2 amplitude.Conclusion. Spectrally different speech sounds and input sides are encoded differently at the cortical level in normal-hearing adults. Standardized speech stimuli, as well as specific input sides of speech, are needed to examine normal development or rehabilitation-related changes of the auditory cortex in the future.
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Costa, Inaê, Ayra Renata D'Agostini, Jennifer Alves Sousa, Ana Paula Ramos de Souza i Eliara Pinto Vieira Biaggio. "Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in 2-Year-Old Subjects". International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 24, nr 03 (13.12.2019): e282-e287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1700585.
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Abstract Introduction Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) can be used to evaluate both peripheral and cortical components of auditory function, and contribute to the assessment of functional sensitivity and auditory thresholds, especially in neonates and infants. Auditory evoked potentials reflect auditory maturity and precede the acquisition of more complex auditory and cognitive skills, and are therefore crucial for speech and language development. Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the presence, latency and amplitude of CAEP components in response to verbal stimuli in children aged 2 years old. Methods The sample consisted of 19 subjects, 10 of whom were male while 9 were female. All of the participants were 24 months old at the time of assessment. Results A total of 17 of the participants displayed all components of the CAEP. Additionally, no significant differences were observed between genders or ears in the present sample. The presence of all components of the CAEP in subjects aged 2 years old confirms the existence of a critical period for the maturation of auditory pathways in the first 2 years of life. Conclusion In the present study, in addition to the P1/N1 components, it was possible to observe the presence of the CAEP P2/N2 components in individuals aged 24 months, confirming the existence of a critical period for the maturation of the auditory pathways in the first 2 years of life.
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Golding, Maryanne, Wendy Pearce, John Seymour, Alison Cooper, Teresa Ching i Harvey Dillon. "The Relationship between Obligatory Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials (CAEPs) and Functional Measures in Young Infants". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 18, nr 02 (luty 2007): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.18.2.4.
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Finding ways to evaluate the success of hearing aid fittings in young infants has increased in importance with the implementation of hearing screening programs. Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP) can be recorded in infants and provides evidence for speech detection at the cortical level. The validity of this technique as a tool of hearing aid evaluation needs, however, to be demonstrated. The present study examined the relationship between the presence/absence of CAEPs to speech stimuli and the outcomes of a parental questionnaire in young infants who were fitted with hearing aids. The presence/absence of responses was determined by an experienced examiner as well as by a statistical measure, Hotelling's T2. A statistically significant correlation between CAEPs and questionnaire scores was found using the examiner's grading (rs = 0.45) and using the statistical grading (rs = 0.41), and there was reasonably good agreement between traditional response detection methods and the statistical analysis. La búsqueda de formas de evaluar el éxito de una adaptación de auxiliares auditivos en niños pequeños ha aumentado en importancia con la implementación de los programas de tamizaje auditivo. Se pueden registrar potenciales evocados auditivos corticales (CAEP) en infantes y aportar evidencia sobre la detección del lenguaje a nivel cortical. La validez de esta técnica como una herramienta para la evaluación de las necesidades de adaptación de auxiliares auditivos necesita, sin embargo, ser demostrada. El presente estudio examinó la relación entre la presencia/ausencia de CAEP ante estímulos de lenguaje y el resultado de un cuestionario a los padres de infantes a los que se adaptaron auxiliares auditivos. La presencia/ausencia de respuestas fue determinada por un examinador con experiencia, así como por un procedimiento de medición estadística: la T2 de Hotelling. Se encontró una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los CAEP y los puntajes del cuestionario, utilizando la gradación del examinador (rs = 0.45) y utilizando la gradación estadística (rs = 0.41), y existió un acuerdo razonablemente bueno entre los métodos tradicionales de detección de respuesta y el análisis estadístico.
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Powell-Coffman, J. A., G. R. Schnitzler i R. A. Firtel. "A GBF-binding site and a novel AT element define the minimal sequences sufficient to direct prespore-specific expression in Dictyostelium discoideum." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, nr 9 (wrzesień 1994): 5840–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.9.5840.
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In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms of cellular differentiation in Dictyostelium discoideum, we have identified the minimum regulatory sequences of the prespore-specific gene SP60/cotC that are sufficient to confer cell-type-specific expression on a heterologous promoter. This region includes at least two essential cis-acting elements: a novel AT-rich element (or elements) and CAE3. The essential function of the AT element is confirmed through point mutations that decrease expression below the level of detection. CAE3 is one of three CA-rich elements (CAEs) required for the induction of SP60/cotC during development or in response to extracellular cyclic AMP. The CAEs have differential affinities for a specific developmentally induced nuclear activity (CAE1 > CAE2 >> CAE3). Here, we identify this activity as G-box-binding factor (GBF) and show that in vitro-transcribed and -translated GBF binds all three SP60/cotC CAEs in a sequence-specific manner. Previous studies have suggested that GBF mediates the induction of some prestalk genes, and these results demonstrate that it also has a specific role in prespore gene activation.
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Powell-Coffman, J. A., G. R. Schnitzler i R. A. Firtel. "A GBF-binding site and a novel AT element define the minimal sequences sufficient to direct prespore-specific expression in Dictyostelium discoideum". Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, nr 9 (wrzesień 1994): 5840–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.9.5840-5849.1994.
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In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms of cellular differentiation in Dictyostelium discoideum, we have identified the minimum regulatory sequences of the prespore-specific gene SP60/cotC that are sufficient to confer cell-type-specific expression on a heterologous promoter. This region includes at least two essential cis-acting elements: a novel AT-rich element (or elements) and CAE3. The essential function of the AT element is confirmed through point mutations that decrease expression below the level of detection. CAE3 is one of three CA-rich elements (CAEs) required for the induction of SP60/cotC during development or in response to extracellular cyclic AMP. The CAEs have differential affinities for a specific developmentally induced nuclear activity (CAE1 > CAE2 >> CAE3). Here, we identify this activity as G-box-binding factor (GBF) and show that in vitro-transcribed and -translated GBF binds all three SP60/cotC CAEs in a sequence-specific manner. Previous studies have suggested that GBF mediates the induction of some prestalk genes, and these results demonstrate that it also has a specific role in prespore gene activation.
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Easwar, Vijayalakshmi, David W. Purcell i Susan D. Scollie. "Electroacoustic Comparison of Hearing Aid Output of Phonemes in Running Speech versus Isolation: Implications for Aided Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials Testing". International Journal of Otolaryngology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/518202.
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Background. Functioning of nonlinear hearing aids varies with characteristics of input stimuli. In the past decade, aided speech evoked cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) have been proposed for validation of hearing aid fittings. However, unlike in running speech, phonemes presented as stimuli during CAEP testing are preceded by silent intervals of over one second. Hence, the present study aimed to compare if hearing aids process phonemes similarly in running speech and in CAEP testing contexts.Method. A sample of ten hearing aids was used. Overall phoneme level and phoneme onset level of eight phonemes in both contexts were compared at three input levels representing conversational speech levels.Results. Differences of over 3 dB between the two contexts were noted in one-fourth of the observations measuring overall phoneme levels and in one-third of the observations measuring phoneme onset level. In a majority of these differences, output levels of phonemes were higher in the running speech context. These differences varied across hearing aids.Conclusion. Lower output levels in the isolation context may have implications for calibration and estimation of audibility based on CAEPs. The variability across hearing aids observed could make it challenging to predict differences on an individual basis.
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Guellouh, Noureddine, Zoltán Szamosi i Zoltán Siménfalvi. "Combustors with Low Emission Levels for Aero Gas Turbine Engines". International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences 4, nr 1 (3.03.2019): 503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21791/ijems.2019.1.62.
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The aircrafts are responsible for emitting several types of pollutants, especially the pollutants in the form of NOX, CO2, CO, UHC, SOX and Particulate Matter PM (smoke/soot). The impact of aviation emissions on the global is well known, where these emissions modify the chemical and microphysical properties of the atmosphere resulting in changes of earth’s climate system, which can ultimate in critical changes in our planet fragile ecosystem, also the pollutants produced by aircraft engines cause many health problems. This is why the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) is seriously seeking to control the emission levels by issuing new standards during the successive meetings of the Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection CAEP (CAEP/01 in 1986, CAEP/2, CAEP/4, CAEP/6, CAEP/8, etc). The new regulations include more stringent standards aimed to reduce emission levels, this led to increased interest in low emission technologies. In this paper, a comprehensive review of low emissions combustion technologies for modern aero gas turbines is represented. The current low emission technologies include the high Technologies Readiness Level (TRL) including RQL, TAPS, DAC and LDI. Also, there are advanced technologies at lower TRL including LPP, ASC and VGC.
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Rodrigues, Maria de Lourdes Veronese, Josimara Magro Fernandez de Souza, Marcia Baumann di Stasio, Maria de Fátima Aveiro Colares i Ana Raquel Lucato Cianflone. "Trinta anos da criação do Centro de Apoio Educacional e Psicológico da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - contexto histórico e realizações dos primeiros tempos". Medicina (Ribeirão Preto) 53, nr 4 (11.12.2020): 472–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.v53i4p472-478.
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O artigo tem por objetivo historiar o contexto da criação e o desenvolvimento do Centro de Apoio Educacional e Psicológico (CAEP) da FMRP-USP em seus anos iniciais. São destacados aspectos estruturais, como: constituição da Equipe Técnica, Apoio administrativo e Grupo de Consultores; infraestrutura e relações institucionais do CAEP com colegiados e a Administração da Unidade. Também é descrito o contexto da elaboração do Regimento Interno do CAEP, com ênfase na apresentação dos princípios que nortearam as atividades desenvolvidas por este Centro.
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Collier, Amanda, Gregory Marton, Shannon Chun, Cheri Nijssen-Jordan, Susan A. Bartels, Simon Pulfrey, Eddy Lang, Michael Schull, Megan Landes i Kirsten Johnson. "CAEP 2018 Academic Symposium: Recommendations for developing and supporting Global Emergency Medicine in Canadian academic emergency departments and divisions". CJEM 21, nr 5 (wrzesień 2019): 600–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2019.377.
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ABSTRACTObjectivesThe objective of the CAEP Global Emergency Medicine (EM) panel was to identify successes, challenges, and barriers to engaging in global health in Canadian academic emergency departments, formulate recommendations for increasing engagement of faculty, and guide departments in developing a Global EM program.MethodsA panel of academic Global EM practitioners and residents met regularly via teleconference in the year leading up to the CAEP 2018 Academic Symposium. Recommendations were drafted based on a literature review, three mixed methods surveys (CAEP general members, Canadian Global EM practitioners, and Canadian academic emergency department leaders), and panel members’ experience. Recommendations were presented at the CAEP 2018 Academic Symposium in Calgary and further refined based on feedback from the Academic Section.ResultsA total of nine recommendations are presented here. Seven of these are directed towards Canadian academic departments and divisions and intend to increase their engagement in Global EM by recognizing it as an integral part of the practice of emergency medicine, deliberately incorporating it into strategic plans, identifying local leaders, providing tangible supports (i.e., research, administration or financial support, shift flexibility), mitigating barriers, encouraging collaboration, and promoting academic deliverables. The final two recommendations pertain to CAEP increasing its own engagement and support of Global EM.ConclusionsThese recommendations serve as guidance for Canadian academic emergency departments and divisions to increase their engagement in Global EM.
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Drummond, Alan. "CAEP'95". Journal of Emergency Medicine 13, nr 6 (listopad 1995): 863–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0736-4679(95)90290-2.
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Dubinsky, Isser. "“The Future of Emergency Medicine” Inaugural address to the First Canadian EM Residents Workshop". CJEM 2, nr 04 (październik 2000): 262–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500007302.
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On June 10 to 11 this year, the Residents’ Section of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP-RS) held its first official national forum for future emergency physicians — the First Canadian EM Residents Workshop, in conjunction with CAEP 2000. To celebrate the event, the RS decided to invite a nationally recognized emergency medicine leader, advocate, and teacher to be the first to address the Annual Residents’ Dinner. We were grateful for the privilege of having Dr. Isser Dubinsky be that person. Dr. Dubinsky, currently Chief of Emergency Services at the University Health Network in Toronto, was asked to speak about “The Future of Emergency Medicine.” Dr. Dubinsky's speech, filled with warmth, wisdom, and humanity, is transcribed below. — Jason Frank, MD, Chair CAEP-RS
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Cardon, Garrett, i Anu Sharma. "Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: Clinical Implications". Perspectives on Hearing and Hearing Disorders in Childhood 21, nr 1 (maj 2011): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/hhdc21.1.31.
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Standard clinical audiologic assessments have proven useful in the detection and diagnosis of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). However, beyond initial diagnosis, clinicians have fewer tools to appropriately manage infants and young children with ANSD. While cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP) are not currently used routinely in the management of children with ANSD, mounting evidence suggests that they are not only recordable in this population, but that they may provide useful information regarding treatment and behavioral outcomes in children with ANSD. The report discusses the potential clinical utility of CAEPs in children with ANSD, using a case illustration.
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Cheng, Amy H. Y., Sam Campbell, Lucas B. Chartier, Tom Goddard, Kirk Magee, Jill McEwen, Atul K. Kapur i in. "Choosing Wisely Canada®: Five tests, procedures and treatments to question in Emergency Medicine". CJEM 19, S2 (2.03.2017): S9—S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2017.1.
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AbstractObjectivesChoosing Wisely Canada (CWC) is an initiative to encourage patient-physician discussions about the appropriate, evidence based use of medical tests, procedures and treatments. We present the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians’ (CAEP) top five list of recommendations, and the process undertaken to generate them.MethodsThe CAEP Expert Working Group (EWG) generated a candidate list of 52 tests, procedures, and treatments in emergency medicine whose value to care was questioned. This list was distributed to CAEP committee chairs, revised, and then divided and randomly allocated to 107 Canadian emergency physicians (EWG nominated) who voted on each item based on: action-ability, effectiveness, safety, economic burden, and frequency of use. The EWG discussed the items with the highest votes, and generated the recommendations by consensus.ResultsThe top five CAEP CWC recommendations are: 1) Don’t order CT head scans in adults and children who have suffered minor head injuries (unless positive for a validated head injury clinical decision rule); 2) Don’t prescribe antibiotics in adults with bronchitis/asthma and children with bronchiolitis; 3) Don’t order lumbosacral spinal imaging in patients with non-traumatic low back pain who have no red flags/pathologic indicators; 4) Don’t order neck radiographs in patients who have a negative examination using the Canadian C-spine rules; and 5) Don’t prescribe antibiotics after incision and drainage of uncomplicated skin abscesses unless extensive cellulitis exists.ConclusionsThe CWC recommendations for emergency medicine were selected using a mixed methods approach. This top 5 list was released at the CAEP Conference in June 2015 and should form the basis for future implementation efforts.
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Bawden, Jaime, Namdar Manouchehri, Cristina Villa-Roel, Eric Grafstein i Brian H. Rowe. "Important returns on investment: an evaluation of a national research grants competition in emergency medicine". CJEM 12, nr 01 (styczeń 2010): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500011994.
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ABSTRACTObjective:We sought to examine scholarly outcomes of the projects receiving research grants from the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) during the first 10 years of national funding (i.e., between 1996 and 2005).Methods:We sent email surveys to 62 emergency medicine (EM) researchers who received funding from CAEP. We focused our data collection on grant deliverables and opinions using a 1–7 Likert scale with regard to the value of the award.Results:Fifty-eight recipients responded to our survey. Grants were most commonly awarded to residents (21 [36%]), followed by senior (16 [28%]) and junior (13 [22%]) emergency staff. Twenty-six applicants from Ontario and 11 from Quebec received the majority of the grants. Overall, 51 projects were completed at the time of contact and, from these, 39 manuscripts were published or in press. Abstract presentations were more common, with a median of 2 abstracts presented per completed project. Abstract presentations for the completed projects were documented locally (23), nationally (39) and internationally (37). Overall, 19 projects received additional funding. The median amount funded was Can$4700 with an interquartile range of $3250–$5000. Respondents felt CAEP funding was critical to completing their projects and felt strongly that dedicated EM research funding should be continued to stimulate productivity.Conclusion:Overall, the CAEP Research Grants Competition has produced impressive results. Despite the small sums available, the grants have been important for ensuring study completion and for securing additional funding. CAEP and similar EM organizations need to develop a more robust funding approach so that larger grant awards and more researchers can be supported on an annual basis.
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Yadav, Krishan, Mathieu Gatien, Vicente Corrales-Medina i Ian Stiell. "Antimicrobial treatment decision for non-purulent skin and soft tissue infections in the emergency department". CJEM 19, nr 3 (17.08.2016): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2016.347.
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AbstractObjectivesWe surveyed Canadian emergency physicians to determine how skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are managed and which risk factors were felt to be important in predicting failure with oral antibiotics.MethodsWe performed an electronic survey of physician members of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) using the modified Dillman method.ResultsThe survey response rate was 36.9% (n=391) amongst CAEP members. There was a lack of consensus regarding management of SSTIs. CAEP respondents identified 14 risk factors for predicting treatment failure with oral antibiotics, including hypotension, tachypnea, and patient reported severity of pain >8 of 10.ConclusionsThe survey demonstrates significant variability regarding physician management of SSTIs, and we have identified several perceived risk factors for treatment failure with oral antibiotics that should be assessed in future studies.
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Carter, Lyndal, Maryanne Golding, Harvey Dillon i John Seymour. "The Detection of Infant Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials (CAEPs) Using Statistical and Visual Detection Techniques". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 21, nr 05 (maj 2010): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.21.5.6.
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Background: With the advent of newborn hearing screening programs, the need to verify the fit of hearing aids in young infants has increased. The recording of cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) for this purpose is quite feasible, but rapid developmental changes that affect response morphology and the presence of electrophysiological noise can make subjective response detection challenging. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an automated statistic versus experienced examiners in detecting the presence of infant CAEPs when stimuli were present and reporting the absence of CAEPs when no stimuli were present. Research Design: A repeated-measures design was used where infant-generated CAEPs were interpreted by examiners and an automated statistic. Study Sample: There were nine male and five female infants (mean age, 12 mo; SD, 3.4) who completed behavioral and electrophysiological testing using speech-based stimuli. Data Collection and Analysis: In total, 87 infant CAEPs were recorded to three sensation levels, 10, 20 and 30 dB relative to the behavioral thresholds and to nonstimulus trials. Three examiners were presented with these responses: (1) “in series,” where waveforms were presented in order of decreasing stimulus presentation levels, and (2) “nonseries,” where waveforms were randomized completely and presented as independent waveforms. The examiners were given no information about the stimulus levels and were asked to determine whether responses to auditory stimulation could be observed and their degree of certainty in making their decision. Data from the CAEP responses were also converted to multiple dependent variables and analyzed using Hotelling's T2. Results from both methods of response detection were analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA (analysis of variance) and parameters of signal detection theory known as d-prime (d′) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Results showed that as the stimulus level increased, the sensitivity index, d′, increased for both methods of response detection, but neither reached the maximum possible d′ value with a sensation level of 30 dB. The examiners with the greatest experience and Hotelling's T2 were equally sensitive in differentiating the CAEP from noise. Conclusions: Hotelling's T2 appears to detect CAEPs from normal hearing infants at a rate equal to that of an experienced examiner. A clinical instrument that applies Hotelling's T2 on-line, so that the likelihood of response detection can be assessed objectively, should be of particular benefit to the novice or less experienced examiner.
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Barker, Matthew D., Abin Kuruvilla-Mathew i Suzanne C. Purdy. "Cortical Auditory-Evoked Potential and Behavioral Evidence for Differences in Auditory Processing between Good and Poor Readers". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 28, nr 06 (czerwiec 2017): 534–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16054.
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Background: The relationship between auditory processing (AP) and reading is thought to be significant; however our understanding of this relationship is somewhat limited. Previous studies have investigated the relation between certain electrophysiological and behavioral measures of AP and reading abilities in children. This study attempts to further understand that relation. Purpose: Differences in AP between good and poor readers were investigated using electrophysiological and behavioral measures. Study Sample: Thirty-two children (15 female) aged 9–11 yr were placed in either a good reader group or poor reader group, based on the scores of a nationally normed reading test in New Zealand. Research Design: Children were initially tested using an automated behavioral measuring system that runs through a tablet computer known as “Feather Squadron.” Following the administration of Feather Squadron, cortical auditory-evoked potentials (CAEPs) were recorded using a speech stimulus (/m/) with the HEARLab® Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential Analyzer. Data Collection and Analysis: The children were evaluated on eight subsections of the Feather Squadron, and CAEP waveform peaks were visually identified and averaged. Separate Kruskal–Wallis analyses were performed for the behavioral and electrophysiological variables, with group (good versus poor readers) serving as the between-group independent variable and scores from the Feather Squadron AP tasks as well as CAEP latencies and amplitudes as dependent variables. After the children’s AP status was determined, the entire group was further divided into three groups: typically developing, auditory processing disorder + reading difficulty (APD + RD), and RDs only. Statistical analyses were repeated for these subgroups. Results: Poorer readers showed significantly worse scores than the good readers for the Tonal Pattern 1, Tonal Pattern 2, and Word Double Dichotic Right tasks. CAEP differences observed across groups indicated comorbid effects of RD and AP difficulties. N2 amplitude was significantly smaller for the poor readers. Conclusions: The current study found altered AP in poor readers using behavioral Feather Squadron measures and speech-evoked cortical potentials. These results provide further evidence that intact central auditory function is fundamental for reading development.
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Chun, Ingyu, Curtis J. Billings, Christi W. Miller i Kelly L. Tremblay. "Aided Electrophysiology Using Direct Audio Input: Effects of Amplification and Absolute Signal Level". American Journal of Audiology 25, nr 1 (marzec 2016): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_aja-15-0029.
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Purpose This study investigated (a) the effect of amplification on cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) at different signal levels when signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were equated between unaided and aided conditions, and (b) the effect of absolute signal level on aided CAEPs when SNR was held constant. Method CAEPs were recorded from 13 young adults with normal hearing. A 1000-Hz pure tone was presented in unaided and aided conditions with a linear analog hearing aid. Direct audio input was used, allowing recorded hearing aid noise floor to be added to unaided conditions to equate SNRs between conditions. An additional stimulus was created through scaling the noise floor to study the effect of signal level. Results Amplification resulted in delayed N1 and P2 peak latencies relative to the unaided condition. An effect of absolute signal level (when SNR was constant) was present for aided CAEP area measures, such that larger area measures were found at higher levels. Conclusion Results of this study further demonstrate that factors in addition to SNR must also be considered before CAEPs can be used to clinically to measure aided thresholds.
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Cheng, Amy H. Y., Sam Campbell, Lucas B. Chartier, Shawn Dowling, Tom Goddard, Sophie Gosselin, Brian R. Holroyd i in. "Choosing Wisely Canada's emergency medicine recommendations: Time for a revision". CJEM 21, nr 6 (16.09.2019): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2019.405.
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ABSTRACTChoosing Wisely Canada (CWC) is a national initiative designed to encourage patient-clinician discussions about the appropriate, evidence-based use of medical tests, procedures and treatments. The Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians’ (CAEP) Choosing Wisely Canada (CWC) working group developed and released ten recommendations relevant to Emergency Medicine in June 2015 (items 1–5) and October 2016 (items 6–10). In November 2016, the CAEP CWC working group developed a process for updating the recommendations. This process involves: 1) Using GRADE to evaluate the quality of evidence, 2) reviewing relevant recommendations on an ad hoc basis as new evidence emerges, and 3) reviewing all recommendations every five years. While the full review of the CWC recommendations will be performed in 2020, a number of high-impact studies were published after our initial launch that prompted an ad hoc review of the relevant three of our ten recommendations prior to the full review in 2020. This paper describes the results of the CAEP CWC working group's ad hoc review of three of our ten recommendations in light of recent publications.
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Sinclair, Douglas, Peter Toth, Alecs Chochinov, John Foote, Kirsten Johnson, Jill McEwen, David Messenger i in. "Health human resources for emergency medicine: a framework for the future". CJEM 22, nr 1 (26.11.2019): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2019.446.
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ABSTRACTIn June of 2016, the Collaborative Working Group (CWG) on the Future of Emergency Medicine presented its final report at the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) annual meeting in Quebec City. The CWG report made a number of recommendations concerning physician Human Health Resource (HHR) shortfalls in emergency medicine, specific changes for both the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (FRCPC) and the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CCFP-EM) training programs, HHR needs in rural and remote hospitals, future collaboration of the CCFP-EM and FRCPC programs, and directions for future research. All recommendations were endorsed by CAEP, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC), and the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC). The CWG report was published in CJEM and has served as a basis for ongoing discussion in the emergency medicine community in Canada. The CWG identified an estimated shortfall of 478 emergency physicians in Canada in 2016, rising to 1071 by 2020 and 1518 by 2025 assuming no expansion of EM residency training capacity. In 2017, the CAEP board struck a new committee, The Future of Emergency Medicine in Canada (FEMC), to advocate with appropriate stakeholders to implement the CWG recommendations and to continue with this important work. FEMC led a workshop at CAEP 2018 in Calgary to develop a regional approach to HHR advocacy, recognizing different realities in each province and region. There was wide representation at this workshop and a rich and passionate discussion among those present. This paper represents the output of the workshop and will guide subsequent deliberations by FEMC. FEMC has set the following three goals as we work toward the overarching purpose to improve timely access to high quality emergency care: (1) to define and describe categories of emergency departments (EDs) in Canada, (2) define the full time equivalents required by category of ED in Canada, and (3) recommend the ideal combination of training and certification for emergency physicians in Canada. A fourth goal supports the other three goals: (4) urge further consideration and implementation of the CWG-EM recommendations related to coordination and optimization of the current two training programs. We believe that goals 1 and 2 can largely be accomplished by the CAEP annual meeting in 2020, and goal 3 by the CAEP annual meeting in 2021. Goal 4 is ongoing with both the RCPSC and the CFPC. We urge the EM community across Canada to engage with our committee to support improved access and EM care for all Canadians.
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Gürkan, Selhan, Serpil Mungan Durankaya, Başak Mutlu, Yalçın İşler, Yiğit Ö. Uzun, Oğuz Başokçu, Taner Kemal Erdağ i Günay Kırkım. "Comparison of Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential Findings in Presbycusis with Low and High Word Recognition Score". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 31, nr 06 (czerwiec 2020): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.19063.
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Abstract Background Deteriorated speech understanding is a common complaint in elderly people, and behavioral tests are used for routine clinical assessment of this problem. Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) are frequently used for assessing speech detection and discrimination abilities of the elderly, and give promise for differential diagnosis of speech understanding problems. Purpose The aim of the study was to compare the P1, N1, and P2 CAEP latencies and amplitudes in presbycusis with low and high word recognition score (WRS). Research Design A cross-sectional study design was used forthe study. Two groups were formed from the patients with presbycusis based on their scores on the speech recognition test. Study Sample Fifty-seven elderly volunteers participated in the study. The first group composed of 27 participants with high WRS, the other group composed of 30 participants with low WRS. Data Collection and Analysis The CAEP waves were recorded from these participants using speech signals. Latencies and amplitudes of P1 -N1-P2 waves of the two groups were compared with the f-test statistic. Results There were significant prolongation of P1 and N1 latencies in presbycusis with low WRS when compared with presbycusis with a relatively high word score (p < 0.05). Conclusion According to the result of the research, P1 and N1 latencies of presbycusis with low WRS were longer than the participants with high WRS. Factors affecting peripheral auditory system, such as stimulus sensation level, might be responsible for P1 and N1 latency prolongation of the low WRS group.
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Agung, Katrina, Suzanne C. Purdy, Catherine M. McMahon i Philip Newall. "The Use of Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials to Evaluate Neural Encoding of Speech Sounds in Adults". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 17, nr 08 (wrzesień 2006): 559–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.17.8.3.
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There has been considerable recent interest in the use of cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) as an electrophysiological measure of human speech encoding in individuals with normal as well as impaired auditory systems. The development of such electrophysiological measures such as CAEPs is important because they can be used to evaluate the benefits of hearing aids and cochlear implants in infants, young children, and adults that cannot cooperate for behavioral speech discrimination testing. The current study determined whether CAEPs produced by seven different speech sounds, which together cover a broad range of frequencies across the speech spectrum, could be differentiated from each other based on response latency and amplitude measures. CAEPs were recorded from ten adults with normal hearing in response to speech stimuli presented at a conversational level (65 dB SPL) via a loudspeaker. Cortical responses were reliably elicited by each of the speech sounds in all participants. CAEPs produced by speech sounds dominated by high-frequency energy were significantly different in amplitude from CAEPs produced by sounds dominated by lower-frequency energy. Significant effects of stimulus duration were also observed, with shorter duration stimuli producing larger amplitudes and earlier latencies than longer duration stimuli. This research demonstrates that CAEPs can be reliably evoked by sounds that encompass the entire speech frequency range. Further, CAEP latencies and amplitudes may provide an objective indication that spectrally different speech sounds are encoded differently at the cortical level.
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Mullen, Carol A., i Daniel W. Eadens. "“Quality Leadership Matters”: A Research-Based Survey of Graduate Programming". Journal of Research on Leadership Education 13, nr 2 (9.11.2017): 162–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942775117739415.
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This empirical study contributes to the dialogue about quality leadership and national trends involving standards-based program review. It is the first to utilize the 2016 Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP) Standards for graduate programs and separately from accreditation and sponsorship. The literature on quality leadership is reviewed, and results from an original instrument are described. Survey influences included leadership literature, the CAEP Standards, and the University Council for Educational Administration’s artifacts. Students and completers’ feedback was on program effectiveness, satisfaction, impact, and ethics. Variance was found in perceptions of quality, relevance, and learning. Contradictory beliefs of program effectiveness can stimulate discussion and strengthen programming.
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Innes, Grant. "CAEP 1996 research competitions". Journal of Emergency Medicine 15, nr 1 (styczeń 1997): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0736-4679(96)00264-8.
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Grunfeld, Anton. "CAEP joins the internet". Journal of Emergency Medicine 14, nr 2 (marzec 1996): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0736-4679(96)90043-8.
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Sheikh, Hasan. "CAEP Dental Care Statement". CJEM 22, nr 1 (14.11.2019): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2019.437.
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ABSTRACTOral health is an important part of an individual's overall health; however, dental care is not included in the Canadian public healthcare system. Many Canadians struggle to access dental care, and six million Canadians avoid visiting the dentist each year due to cost.1 The most vulnerable groups include children from low-income families, low-income adults, seniors, indigenous communities, and those with disabilities.1–5 The lack of affordable, equitable, and accessible dental care puts undue strain on emergency departments across the country, as patients desperately seek the care of a physician when they actually need the care of a dental professional.6 Emergency physicians do not have the same expertise or equipment as dentists and, in most cases, are only able to provide temporary symptom relief. This results in an increased reliance on prescription opioids that would otherwise be unnecessary if patients could access the dental care they required.
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Dickinson, Garth. "2000 CAEP Membership Report". CJEM 3, nr 01 (styczeń 2001): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500005212.
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Potton, Elspeth. "2002 CAEP Membership Report". CJEM 5, nr 04 (lipiec 2003): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s148180350000854x.
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Green, Robert. "CAEP C4 Sepsis Guidelines". CJEM 11, nr 04 (lipiec 2009): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500011349.
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Hill, Michael D., Gordon J. Gubitz, Stephen J. Phillips i Alastair M. Buchan. "Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The CAEP Position Statement: another perspective". CJEM 3, nr 03 (lipiec 2001): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500005509.
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The cautiously-worded Position Statement recently issued by the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (see Appendix 1) regarding the use of intravenous recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA, alteplase) for acute ischemic stroke underscores the reality that many physicians in Canada have been reluctant to embrace this therapy. Much of the caution expressed in the CAEP document is related to 2 major areas of concern: evidence of efficacy (i.e., did tPA really “prove” itself in randomized trials?) and effectiveness (i.e., are the trial results generalizable to everyday practice?). While we support the development of documents that help to clarify controversial treatments, and agree with much of what is presented in the CAEP Position Statement, we offer the following comments.
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Sharma, Anu, Kathryn Martin, Peter Roland, Paul Bauer, Melissa H. Sweeney, Phillip Gilley i Michael Dorman. "P1 Latency as a Biomarker for Central Auditory Development in Children with Hearing Impairment". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 16, nr 08 (wrzesień 2005): 564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16.8.5.
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We used the latency of the P1 cortical auditory-evoked potential (CAEP) as a biomarker for the development of central auditory pathways in three children who received intervention through hearing aids and/or cochlear implants. Our goal was to examine the clinical feasibility of using the latency of the P1 CAEP as an objective tool to evaluate whether acoustic amplification for hearing-impaired children has provided sufficient stimulation for normal development of central auditory pathways. If clinicians have such a marker, then they can more confidently make a decision about whether to provide a child with a cochlear implant following an appropriate hearing-aid trial. Using the same marker, clinicians will also be able to monitor the maturation of central auditory pathways once electrical stimulation is initiated.
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Campbell, Julia, Mashhood Nielsen, Alison LaBrec i Connor Bean. "Sensory Inhibition Is Related to Variable Speech Perception in Noise in Adults With Normal Hearing". Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, nr 5 (22.05.2020): 1595–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00261.
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Purpose Speech perception in noise (SPiN) varies widely in individuals with normal hearing, which may be attributed to factors that are not reflected in the audiogram, such as inhibition. However, inhibition is involved at both sensory and cognitive stages of auditory perception, and while inhibition at the cognitive level has been shown to be a significant factor in SPiN processes, it is unknown whether sensory inhibition may also contribute to SPiN variability. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate sensory inhibition in adults with normal hearing and mild SPiN impairment. Method Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) were recorded in 49 adults via high-density electroencephalography using an auditory gating paradigm. Participants were categorized according to a median signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss of 1.5 dB: typical SNR loss ≤ 1.5 dB ( n = 32), mild SNR loss > 1.5 dB ( n = 17). CAEP gating responses were compared and correlated with SNR loss and extended high-frequency thresholds. Current density reconstructions were performed to qualitatively observe underlying cortical inhibitory networks in each group. Results In comparison to adults with typical SPiN ability, adults with mild SPiN impairment showed an absence of the gating response. A CAEP gating component (P2) reflected decreased sensory inhibition and correlated with increased SNR loss. Extended high-frequency thresholds were also found to correlate with SNR loss, but not gating function. An atypical cortical inhibitory network was observed in the mild SNR loss group, with reduced frontal and absent prefrontal activation. Conclusion Sensory inhibition appears to be atypical and related to SPiN deficits in adults with mild impairment. In addition, cortical inhibitory networks appear to be incomplete, with a possible compensatory parietal network. Further research is needed to delineate between types or levels of central inhibitory mechanisms and their contribution to SPiN processes.
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Zaporozhets, Oleksandr, Kateryna Synylo, Sergii Karpenko i Andriy Krupko. "Improvementof the computer model of air pollution estimation due to emissions of stationary sources of airports and compressor stations". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, nr 10(111) (2.07.2021): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.236125.
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Emission sources at airports and compressor stations have the potential to emit pollutants, the effects of which can degrade local air quality. In most cases, the basis of gas pumping units includes either aircraft engines that have exhausted their flight life, or their targeted modifications to fulfill the tasks of gas pumping units and compressor stations in various gas transportation systems.
The methodology for calculating the concentration of pollutants contained in the emissions of enterprises does not take into account all possible features of emission sources, in terms of passive stationary sources and cold emissions, the algorithm of the methodology requires clarification and the justifications given in the article indicate possible ways of clarification.
According to the decision of the CAEP SG-2020 Coordination Meeting "detailed documentation for the Ukrainian POLEMICA air quality model provided in CAEP / 12-FESG-MDG / 2-WP / 09 should be considered as the final documentation for verifying this model for compliance with ICAO document 9889 requirements" ... The results of calculating the maximum concentration for the test scenario using Gaussian models, verified in CAEP, differ by almost 2 times. A similar result according to the PolEmiCa model ~ 1.5 μg/m3 is almost two times less, which is due to the inclusion of the effects of the initial rise in the emission of the mixture from a stationary source into the algorithms of the OND-86 method
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Kaplan, Carolyn Shemwell, Erica M. Brownstein i Kristall J. Graham-Day. "One for All and All for One". SAGE Open 7, nr 1 (styczeń 2017): 215824401668761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016687610.
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The Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP) Standards requires educator preparation programs (EPPs) to ensure instruments used to assess their candidates are both valid and reliable. Due to size and limited financial resources, this task may be challenging for some EPPs. In an effort to address CAEP’s expectations, 26 EPPs in one state formed a collaboration to develop and implement an instrument for use during student teaching, and then conducted analyses of its data to determine the validity and reliability. This article uses a case study methodology to investigate the EPPs’ motivations for participating in the collaboration, and the benefits, challenges, and learning that resulted from participation. The findings, principally related to aspects of individual program improvement, have implications not only for EPPs pursuing CAEP accreditation but also for any higher education institutions interested in collaborative assessment development.
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Rowe, Brian H. "1999 CAEP Research Grants Competition". CJEM 1, nr 03 (październik 1999): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500004279.
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McGraw, Bob. "1999 CAEP Resident Research Competition". CJEM 2, nr 01 (styczeń 2000): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500004553.
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Davidow, Jonathan. "CAEP Residents’ Section: new directions". CJEM 4, nr 01 (styczeń 2002): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500006096.
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Davidow, Jonathan. "CAEP 2002: Residents’ Section Awards". CJEM 4, nr 04 (lipiec 2002): 302–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500007600.
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Thompson, Jim. "CAEP: What your dues do". CJEM 4, nr 04 (lipiec 2002): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500007612.
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Moussadji, Yael. "CAEP welcomes Medical Students’ Section". CJEM 5, nr 02 (marzec 2003): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s148180350000837x.
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Beveridge, Robert C., i James Ducharme. "Introduction to caep consensus documents". Journal of Emergency Medicine 12, nr 6 (listopad 1994): 853–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0736-4679(94)90497-9.
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Woods, Robert A., Jennifer D. Artz, Benoit Carrière, Simon Field, James Huffman, Sandy L. Dong, Farhan Bhanji i in. "CAEP 2016 Academic Symposium on Education Scholarship: Training our Future Clinician Educators in Emergency Medicine". CJEM 19, S1 (maj 2017): S1—S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2017.41.
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Abstract Objective To develop consensus recommendations for training future clinician educators (CEs) in emergency medicine (EM). Methods A panel of EM education leaders was assembled from across Canada and met regularly by teleconference over the course of 1 year. Recommendations for CE training were drafted based on the panel’s experience, a literature review, and a survey of current and past EM education leaders in Canada. Feedback was sought from attendees at the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) annual academic symposium. Recommendations were distributed to the society’s Academic Section for further feedback and updated by a consensus of the expert panel. Results Recommendations were categorized for one of three audiences: 1) Future CEs; 2) Academic departments and divisions (AD&D) that support training to fulfill their education leadership goals; and 3) The CAEP Academic Section. Advanced medical education training is recommended for any emergency physician or resident who pursues an education leadership role. Individuals should seek out mentorship in making decisions about career opportunities and training options. AD&D should regularly perform a needs assessment of their future CE needs and identify and encourage potential individuals who fulfill education leadership roles. AD&D should develop training opportunities at their institution, provide support to complete this training, and advocate for the recognition of education scholarship in their institutional promotions process. The CAEP Academic Section should support mentorship of future CEs on a national scale. Conclusion These recommendations serve as a framework for training and supporting the next generation of Canadian EM medical educators.
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Argintaru, Niran, Jared Baylis, Jodie Pritchard, Ali Mulla, Alice Gray, Alexander Hart, Christina Bova, Teri-Leigh Armstrong i Ahmed Taher. "Creation of a national emergency medicine enhanced competency directory for residency training". CJEM 20, nr 4 (4.03.2018): 634–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.25.
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AbstractCanadian emergency medicine Royal College residency training allows for pursuing extra training in enhanced competency areas. A wealth of enhanced competency training opportunities exist nationally. However, the search for the right fit is a challenging one because there is no centralized resource that catalogues all of these opportunities. A working group of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) Resident Section was assembled in 2016 to create a freely accessible and comprehensive directory of Canadian enhanced competency areas. The working group used stakeholder surveys (of residents, recent graduates, and faculty members), social media engagement, and program website searches. Information was collated into the first edition of a national enhanced competency directory, which is available at no cost at http://caep.ca/sites/caep.ca/files/enhancedcompdoc.pdf. Limitations include the scope defined by the working group and survey responses. A biannual update is also incorporated into the CAEP Resident Section portfolio to ensure it remains up-to-date.