Rozprawy doktorskie: „Business Model Transitions”

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Salmi, Riku. "Business Model Innovations and Sustainability Transitions : The Case of Circular Business Models in the Fashion Industry". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279656.

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The concept of circular economy has gained a lot of interest among both researchers and practitioners. Moving from the traditional linear “take, make, disposal” resource management approach towards circular economy principles that aim to keep resources in a loop of usage is considered to be a possible way for material-intensive industries to decouple economic growth from environmental constraints. This could enable increased value creation while maintaining a decreased environmental footprint. The transition towards circular economy has stimulated companies across industries to introduce varying types of circular business model innovations. By using the case of clothing resale in the fashion industry, this thesis aims to explore how companies innovate their business models in the context of circular economy. The study uses the Multi-Level Perspective framework to analyze the emerging business model innovations within the clothing resale markets, incumbent fashion retailers’ reactions towards them, and the role of innovating business models in possible future stages of the fashion industry’s transition towards circular economy. The findings show that the main types of business model innovations emerging in the highly growing clothing resale markets are born-circular fashion retailers, online resale platforms, B2B back-end services for clothing resale and clothing as a service. Most incumbent fashion retailers have been actively monitoring the development of the clothing resale market, but only a small part of them have introduced resale-related business models themselves. Some fashion retailers that have taken a more active approach towards clothing resale have followed a business model diversification strategy where the existing business model stays in place and a secondary resale business model is established parallel with the core business model. Although the clothing resale business model innovations can entail some short-term economic and brand benefits especially with specific product types and price segments, the largest benefits are likely to be related to preparing for future changes. Fashion retailers that are currently reacting early to the circular economy transition by diversifying their business model with novel resale business model innovations strengthen their future position if changes in regulatory frameworks, consumer mindsets and technologies further accelerate the importance of circular economy in the industry.
Begreppet cirkulär ekonomi har fått ett stort intresse bland både forskare och utövare. Genom att förflytta ifrån den traditionella linjära resurshanteringsstrategin: "ta, göra, bortskaffa", till principerna för cirkulär ekonomi. Principerna syftar till att istället hålla resurserna i en slinga av användning och anses vara ett möjligt sätt för materialintensiva industrier att koppla från den ekonomiska tillväxten från miljöbegränsningar, där en cirkulär ekonomi kan möjliggöra ökad värdeskapande samtidigt som ett minskat miljöavtryck bibehålls. Övergången till en cirkulär ekonomi har stimulerat företag över en mängd olika branscher att införa olika typer av cirkuläraffärsmodellsutveckling. Genom att studera det nya fenomenet av återförsäljning av kläder inom modebranschen, syftar examensarbetet att undersöka hur företag utvecklar sina affärsmodeller i samband med cirkulär ekonomi. Studien använder ett multi-perspektivramverk för att analysera de nya affärsmodellinnovationerna inom klädåterförsäljningsmarknaderna. Utöver det studeras även de nuvarande modeförsäljares reaktioner gentemot dessa samt rollen som innovativa affärsmodeller kan ha i framtida stadier av modebranschens övergång till cirkulär ekonomi. Resultaten visar att de viktigaste typerna av affärsmodellinnovationer på de signifikant växande marknaderna för återförsäljning av kläder är de `föddes-cirkulära´ modeförsäljarna, återförsäljningsplattformar på nätet, samt B2B-tjänster för återförsäljning av kläder och kläder som en tjänst. De flesta nuvarande modeförsäljare har aktivt övervakat utvecklingen av marknaden för klädåterförsäljning, men bara en liten del av dem har själva infört återförsäljningsrelaterade affärsmodeller. Vissa modeförsäljare som har tagit ett mer aktivt förhållningssätt till återförsäljning av kläder har följt en strategi för diversifiering av affärsmodeller där den befintliga affärsmodellen förblir på plats och en sekundär affärsmodell för återförsäljning upprättas parallellt med den huvudsakliga affärsmodellen. Trots att utveckling av affärsmodellens klädesåterförsäljning kan medföra ekonomiska fördelar och varumärken på kort sikt, särskilt med specifika produkttyper och prissegment. Förutses de största fördelarna troligen vara relaterat till förberedelser för framtida förändringar. Modeaktörer som reagerar tidigt på övergången till cirkulär ekonomi genom att diversifiera den befintliga affärsmodellen med nya innovationer eller kompletterar med en ny affärsmodell, stärker sin framtida position om förändringar i regelverk, konsumentens tankesätt och teknik ytterligare påskyndar vikten av cirkulär ekonomi i branschen.

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Foertsch, Tracy L. "Business cycle measurement using a dynamic factor model with duration dependent transitions". The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1269523416.

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Foertsch, Tracy. "Business cycle measurement using a dynamic factor model with duration dependent transitions /". Connect to resource, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1269523416.

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Eliasson, Ann-Charlotte. "Smooth transitions in macroeconomic relationships". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.) (EFI), 1999. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/516.htm.

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Hannon, Matthew. "Co-evolution of innovative business models and sustainability transitions : the case of the Energy Service Company (ESCo) model and the UK energy system". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3660/.

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There is a growing consensus that the current energy system we rely on is fundamentally unsustainable and that it will have to be transformed if we are to continue to satisfy our energy needs in the future. At present we have a poor understanding of the role that the development and implementation of innovative business models, designed to satisfy our energy needs in a sustainable manner, could play in facilitating a transition to a sustainable energy system. To improve this understanding, this thesis develops an analytical framework that integrates co-evolutionary and business model theories, and applies this framework to analyse the case of the Energy Service Company (ESCo) business model and the wider UK energy system. The thesis begins by presenting the core characteristics of the ESCo business model and its key variants; its strengths and weaknesses; and the factors that have constrained and enabled the uptake of this sustainable business model. It then examines the coevolutionary relationship the ESCo model shares with the UK energy system to explain not only why the model has struggled to gain traction, compared to the incumbent Energy Utility company (EUCo) model, but also the role the ESCo model could play in a transition to a sustainable UK energy system. In light of the empirical investigation, the research finds that the development and adoption of the ESCo business model could play a valuable role in facilitating transitions to sustainable energy systems. However, it is likely to struggle to gain traction due to ESCos’ poor fitness with the prevailing selection environment, which can in part be attributed to the causal influence of the unsustainable, incumbent EUCo model. Conversely, worsening ecosystem crises, the introduction of supportive regulation and positive feedbacks associated with the adoption of this model by new and incumbent system actors could help the ESCo model to proliferate and thus, have an important influence on the transition to a sustainable energy system

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Chowpradith, Nishapa, i Kevin Kullgren. "Transition towards planted-based dairy substitutes : An exploratory study on the driving forces and the windows of opportunity for startups". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296534.

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A radical shift in consumption and production of food is necessary to combat climate change. This has sparked interest in diets and their implications on the environment, both among researchers and among consumers. Plant-based dairy substitutes is one field of products that is experiencing significant growth. The dynamics in the market have created many opportunities for startups to enter the market with new products. However, because of the novelty of the topic, business models for sustainable food startups is a lacking area of research. Further, in order to successfully enter the market, it is essential for startups to fully understand the market dynamics from a holistic perspective. To investigate the mechanisms driving the transformation, as well as the potential windows of opportunity for startups, a survey and interviews were conducted. The survey had the aim of understanding the drivers of change among the consumers. The interviews were conducted with multiple startups and related organizations, which aimed to discuss the survey results while looking at the supply side of the market. The survey results presented interesting insights such as potential target consumers, consumer preferences in the plant-based dairy space, and potential gaps in the market. This was followed by the interviews where the business models, industrial dynamics and challenges were explored. The results were analyzed by theoretical frameworks such as the multi-level perspective. This study concluded that a transition towards plant-based dairy substitutes is occurring and is mainly driven by concern for veganism/animal welfare and climate change in combination with R&D efforts which are rapidly improving the products’ taste, price and convenience. This transition has raised new windows of opportunity for startups to capture the market share with viable business model innovation. However, changing diets takes a large amount of time and many political institutions work to protect the dairy industry.
Radikala förändringar i hur mat/dryck konsumeras och produceras är nödvändigt för att motverka klimatförändringar. Det här har lett till ett ökat intresse för olika dieters påverkan påmiljön. Det ökade intresset syns både inom forskning och bland konsumenter. Växtbaserade mejeri-substitut är ett sortiment av produkter som just nu växer kraftigt. Intresset på marknadenhar skapat många möjligheter för startups att etablera nya produkter. Eftersom det här är en ny och växande marknad så är forskningen kring hållbara mat/dryck-startups mycket begränsad. Vidare så måste startups förstå marknaden ur ett helhetsperspektiv för att framgångsrikt kunna etablera sig med nya produkter. För att undersöka vilka mekanismer som driver transformationen mot växtbaserademejeri-substitut, och vilka möjligheter som finns för startup, så har en enkätundersökning och intervjuer utförts. Enkäten syftade till att förstå vilka faktorer hos konsumenter som driver den här förändringen. Intervjuerna utfördes med olika startups och andra relevanta organisationer och syftade till att diskutera enkätresultaten samt att förstå marknaden ur producenternas perspektiv. Enkätresultaten innehöll intressanta insikter, såsom potentiella målkunder, kundpreferenser inom växtbaserade mejeriprodukter samt potentiella möjligheter på marknaden. Intervjuerna diskuterade startups affärsmodeller, dynamiken på marknaden och de största utmaningarna. Resultatet analyserades med hjälp av ett teoretiskt ramverk bestående av bland annat multi-level perspective. Slutsatsen i studien var att det just nu sker en övergång till växtbaserade mejeri-substitut och att detta främst är drivet av ökad hänsyn för veganism/djurskydd samt klimatförändringar i kombination med R&D-utveckling som snabbt förbättrat produkternas smak, pris och bekvämlighet. Den här övergången har skapat nya möjligheter för startups att ge sig in på marknaden genom nya innovativa affärsmodeller. Men det tar lång tid för ett samhälle att ändra sina kostvanor, och många politiska institutioner arbetar aktivt för att skydda mejeriindustrin.

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Chowpradith, Nishapa, i Kevin Kullgren. "Transition towards plant-based dairy substitutes : An exploratory study on the driving forces and the windows of opportunity for startups". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296534.

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A radical shift in consumption and production of food is necessary to combat climate change. This has sparked interest in diets and their implications on the environment, both among researchers and among consumers. Plant-based dairy substitutes is one field of products that is experiencing significant growth. The dynamics in the market have created many opportunities for startups to enter the market with new products. However, because of the novelty of the topic, business models for sustainable food startups is a lacking area of research. Further, in order to successfully enter the market, it is essential for startups to fully understand the market dynamics from a holistic perspective. To investigate the mechanisms driving the transformation, as well as the potential windows of opportunity for startups, a survey and interviews were conducted. The survey had the aim of understanding the drivers of change among the consumers. The interviews were conducted with multiple startups and related organizations, which aimed to discuss the survey results while looking at the supply side of the market. The survey results presented interesting insights such as potential target consumers, consumer preferences in the plant-based dairy space, and potential gaps in the market. This was followed by the interviews where the business models, industrial dynamics and challenges were explored. The results were analyzed by theoretical frameworks such as the multi-level perspective. This study concluded that a transition towards plant-based dairy substitutes is occurring and is mainly driven by concern for veganism/animal welfare and climate change in combination with R&D efforts which are rapidly improving the products’ taste, price and convenience. This transition has raised new windows of opportunity for startups to capture the market share with viable business model innovation. However, changing diets takes a large amount of time and many political institutions work to protect the dairy industry.
Radikala förändringar i hur mat/dryck konsumeras och produceras är nödvändigt för att motverka klimatförändringar. Det här har lett till ett ökat intresse för olika dieters påverkan påmiljön. Det ökade intresset syns både inom forskning och bland konsumenter. Växtbaserade mejeri-substitut är ett sortiment av produkter som just nu växer kraftigt. Intresset på marknadenhar skapat många möjligheter för startups att etablera nya produkter. Eftersom det här är en ny och växande marknad så är forskningen kring hållbara mat/dryck-startups mycket begränsad. Vidare så måste startups förstå marknaden ur ett helhetsperspektiv för att framgångsrikt kunna etablera sig med nya produkter. För att undersöka vilka mekanismer som driver transformationen mot växtbaserademejeri-substitut, och vilka möjligheter som finns för startup, så har en enkätundersökning och intervjuer utförts. Enkäten syftade till att förstå vilka faktorer hos konsumenter som driver den här förändringen. Intervjuerna utfördes med olika startups och andra relevanta organisationer och syftade till att diskutera enkätresultaten samt att förstå marknaden ur producenternas perspektiv. Enkätresultaten innehöll intressanta insikter, såsom potentiella målkunder, kundpreferenser inom växtbaserade mejeriprodukter samt potentiella möjligheter på marknaden. Intervjuerna diskuterade startups affärsmodeller, dynamiken på marknaden och de största utmaningarna. Resultatet analyserades med hjälp av ett teoretiskt ramverk bestående av bland annat multi-level perspective. Slutsatsen i studien var att det just nu sker en övergång till växtbaserade mejeri-substitut och att detta främst är drivet av ökad hänsyn för veganism/djurskydd samt klimatförändringar i kombination med R&D-utveckling som snabbt förbättrat produkternas smak, pris och bekvämlighet. Den här övergången har skapat nya möjligheter för startups att ge sig in på marknaden genom nya innovativa affärsmodeller. Men det tar lång tid för ett samhälle att ändra sina kostvanor, och många politiska institutioner arbetar aktivt för att skydda mejeriindustrin.

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Hamwi, Michael. "Understanding and analysing business models in the context of energy transition. Proposition of the DRBMC (Demand Response Business Model Canvas) to design new entrepreneur's business model in “Demand Response” markets". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0114/document.

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L'accumulation de gaz à effet de serre dans l'atmosphère, produite par des activités anthropiques notamment dans le secteur de l’énergie est une des causes principales du changement climatique. Par conséquent, réaliser une véritable transition énergétique par une décarbonisation des réseaux électriques est devenue un besoin urgent pour atténuer les effets du réchauffement climatique. Dans cette transition, l’introduction des énergies renouvelables a été initiée depuis plusieurs années, principalement en raison de la participation de nouveaux acteurs à ce marché. Aujourd’hui, l’un des grands défis est de maintenir l’équilibre et la sécurité du réseau électrique en tenant compte de la diversité et de la variabilité des ressources énergétiques renouvelables connectées au réseau. L’une des approches permettant de régler ce problème et d’accroître la flexibilité du réseau électrique par ce que l’on désigne comme la Réponse à la Demande (RD). Cette thèse examine précisément ces nouvelles approches et montre l’intérêt de repenser les relations entre les différentes partie-prenantes pour faire émerger des nouveaux modèles d’affaires afin de déployer de nouvelles innovations au service de la transition énergétique. La méthodologie de recherche mise en œuvre de cette thèse consiste en une revue systématique de la littérature et une étude des données empiriques de 15 jeunes entreprises européennes du secteur de l’énergie. En conséquence, la thèse fournit à la communauté de la recherche (1) une méthode de classification pour catégoriser les différents modèles d’affaires de l’énergie (MAEs) et présente une première synthèse des MAE identifiés dans la littérature; (2) un cadre d’analyse des start-ups dans le secteur de l’énergie, complété par l’analyse de 15 start-ups de ce domaine; (3) un outil conceptuel pour l'innovation en matière de RD, appelé Canevas de Modèle d'Affaires de Réponse de Demande (CMARD), qui comprend 12 éléments interreliés. Ce canevas vise à évaluer les activités des offres de RD et à soutenir l'émergence de nouveau modèles d'affaires de RD. Ces résultats permettent de proposer un cadre analytique simplifié des pratiques existantes et peuvent également aider des entrepreneurs ou décideurs à explorer et concevoir de nouvelles offres sur le marché de la réponse à la demande
The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, produced by human activities in the energy sector is one of the main causes of climate change. Therefore, the decarbonization of power systems has become an urgent need the mitigate to the effects of climate change and achieve the energy transition. The share of renewable energy technologies has been increasing mainly due to the participation of new market players. Today, however, one of the great challenges is to maintain the electricity system’s balance and security despite the large amount of renewable energy resources connected to the grid. One of the approaches to deal with this issue and to increase power system flexibility is the Demand Response (DR). Moreover, scholars argue that business model innovation can act as an energy transition driver. This thesis examines business model innovations in the context of the energy transition by investigating emerging start-up business models. The implemented research methodology in this thesis consists of a systematic literature review and an investigation of empirical data of 15 European energy start-ups. As a result, the thesis provides the research community with (1) a grouping method to classify different Energy Business Models (EBMs) and an initial synthesis of the EBMs identified in the literature; (2) a framework to analyse start-ups in the energy sector, completed with the analysis of 15 energy start-ups; (3) and a conceptual tool for DR innovation, named as the Demand Response Business Model Canvas (DRBMC), which includes 12 interrelated elements. This canvas aims at evaluating DR activities and supporting the emergence of new DR business models. These results can also help entrepreneurs explore new demand response market opportunities, enabling a better understanding and providing a simplified analytic framework of existing business practices

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Darwish, Rami. "The Missing link : Business Models Lock-in in Sociotechnical Transitions". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-249251.

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Societal and environmental challenges present challenges for our current industrial systems. In order to respond to these difficulties, various alternative systems have been suggested, as they promise sustainability and increased societal quality of life enabled by innovative technologies. These future solutions hold the capacity to solve problems by unlocking considerable business potential. However, the journey to the forthcoming era will bring dramatic changes, not only to the success of incumbent industrial stakeholders but also to their very existence. The upcoming changes are impregnated with hazards to current business models of successful organizations. So, one may ask what impact future technologies may have on the realms that industrial actors live in? To disentangle the complexity of the unknowns, multitudes of collaborative efforts in protected spaces have emerged globally to experiment with potential systems on the road to sociotechnical transitions. The transport sector is undergoing efforts towards transitions to future sustainable systems. This sector has a special focus when it comes to sustainability challenges due to its substantial economic and environmental impact. Bus systems are at the heart of this challenge due to the central role they play in urban mobility. Hence, different fuels and charging technologies for buses have been tested in pilot projects to facilitate the march towards sustainability; electric charging is one of the promising technologies, which achieve this aim. However, current business models of incumbent transport stakeholders seem to be problematic, and changes to facilitate the transitions seem to be complex. Extant literature indicates a critical role of business models under sociotechnical transitions. Theoretically, there is an underlying need for incumbents to change their business models to reap the benefits of innovative technologies. However, this change is difficult and potential business models are far from clear. With that, the dynamics of business models under transition remains as an underexplored area, and the challenge to incumbent business models poses itself as an interesting area to gauge. Under this umbrella, a question arises regarding how the pressure on incumbent business models interacts with systemic innovations. This thesis is a case study of an incumbent bus operator participating in a pilot project on a future bus system. The case study is in-depth in nature and investigates the potential business model of a bus operator in a multiple stakeholder pilot project, which tests an inductive electric hybrid bus. With a strong empirical exploratory nature, this thesis is built on an “insider” single case study that occurred in the year 2016-2017. The focus of the study is on the pressure on bus operator business model in the face of systemic innovation. The findings reveal positive future value proposition, disrupted value creation, and unclear value capture in the potential business model of the operator. Moreover, the findings show lock-in and resource dependence situation of the operator’s current business model. The lock-in of the business model hinder the transition to future sociotechnical bus system and makes it difficult to commercialize the new technology. The outcome of this thesis speaks to a significant influence of history and the regulator, manifested by rules on the future of business models of commercial incumbent stakeholders. This demonstrates lock-in may prove to be a major impediment, and that unchained and flexible business model of incumbents is critical for further continuation of successful shifts. Given these findings, this thesis suggests applying the business model lens to pilot projects for sustainability. This would aid in better comprehending how current business models may facilitate or hinder favorable transitions. This knowledge informs both managerial decisions and policy making, especially when it comes to resource optimization and investment decisions.

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Gravina, Marzia <1995&gt. "Identifying Dualities in Servitization – Conceptualizing the Transition between Business Models". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15941.

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Servitization, considered as the phenomenon whereby a firm decides to integrate services in its offering, comes with some changes in the organisational structure. Therefore, the fundamental question of this work aims to identify the five dualities characteristics studied by Graetz and Smith (2008) coming out during the transition, which are simultaneity, relatedness, dynamism, minimal threshold and improvisation. As a secondary objective, paradoxes (Smith and Lewis, 2011) arising during the transformation are detected. For identifying these dualities and paradoxes, an ideal business model (BM) was created and assembled in four different application: Merely Product BM, the initial step of the transition, offering only products, Product and Service BM, offering together product and service, Merely Service BM, involving only services in the offering, and Highly Automated Service BM, with automatised service offering. It is hoped that this study will help the management evaluating the feasibility of servitizing and some suggestions were given in order to handle smoothly the conflicts arising.

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Szejner, Tomasz. "Developing new criteria for EFQM business excellence model for use in transition economies". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707930.

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Pieroni, Marina de Pádua. "Proposal of a Business Process Architecture (BPA) development method for supporting the transition of manufacturing companies into Product-Service System (PSS) providers". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-08032017-112227/.

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In order to stay competitive and to create value to their clients, manufacturing companies are engaging in a process called servitization, which consists in transforming their existing physical product offerings into integrated bundles of products and services, called Product-Service Systems (PSS). Servitization compels manufacturing companies to change their business models. One of the main challenges of servitization is to redesign the business processes dimension of their business model in order to operate middle of life (MOL) and end of life (EOL) phases of PSS. Despite the existence of decades-long successful PSS cases, operational difficulties are still reported. This is associated to gaps in existing PSS business model design methodologies, which are focused on the development of new PSS and lack the required level of details for servitization. The goal of this study is to propose a method to support manufacturing companies during the servitization process in developing a PSS Business Process Architecture (PSS BPA), which is the basis for redesigning their business processes. The method was developed with the support of the Design Research Methodology (DRM), which comprises four research stages. In the first and second stages, a literature review was conducted to generate theoretical requirements for guiding the proposition of the PSS BPA Development Method. Action research approach was applied in the third stage to propose the PSS BPA Development Method empirically. Action research was carried in a large multinational manufacturing company from the healthcare sector, which intended to transform a diagnostic imaging product into a use-oriented PSS. In the last stage, the method received a preliminary assessment with the intent of being prepared for further applications in case studies. The results indicate that the PSS BPA Development Method has a potential for supporting companies in defining their PSS BPA. Other key contributions of the research were the proposition of a business process reference model for PSS based on the Process Classification Framework (PCF), and insights and findings obtained with the real case of servitization.
Para se manterem competitivas e criarem valor para seus clientes, empresas de manufatura estão passando pelo processo da servitização, que é a transformação de suas ofertas baseadas em produtos físicos em soluções integradas de produtos e serviços, chamadas Sistemas Produto-Serviço (PSS). A servitização requer transformações nos modelos de negócio das empresas. Um dos principais desafios da servitização é redesenhar a dimensão de processos de negócio do modelo de negócios da empresa de maneira a operar as fases de meio de vida e final de vida de um PSS. Apesar de existirem casos de sucesso de PSS implementados há décadas, dificuldades operacionais ainda são citadas. Isto está associado com lacunas nas metodologias para desenvolvimento de modelos de negócio de PSS, as quais são focadas no desenvolvimento de novos PSS e carecem do nível de detalhes necessário para servitização. O objetivo desta pesquisa é propor um método para apoiar as empresas de manufatura no desenvolvimento da Arquitetura de Processos de Negócio do PSS durante a servitização, o que é base para o redesenho de processos destas organizações. Este método foi desenvolvido com o apoio da Metodologia de Pesquisa em Design, que contém quatro estágios. No primeiro e segundo estágios, uma revisão da literatura foi realizada para determinar os requisitos teóricos que guiaram a proposição do método. No terceiro estágio, a pesquisa ação foi utilizada para propor empiricamente o método. A pesquisa ação foi realizada em uma empresa multinacional do setor de saúde, que pretendia transformar um equipamento de diagnóstico por imagens em PSS orientado ao uso. No estágio final, o método passou por uma avaliação preliminar a fim de ser preparado para estudos de caso. Os resultados indicam que o método proposto tem potencial para apoiar as empresas na definição de arquiteturas de processos para PSS. Outras contribuições foram a proposição de um modelo de referência de processos para PSS baseado no Framework de Classificação de Processo e descobertas do caso real de servitização.

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Morrey, Nicola. "Enacting product-service business models : the role of lean thinking". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13591.

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As competitively tendering for work is becoming increasingly difficult, and with profit margins reducing, UK construction companies are looking to differentiate their offering to clients. Safely delivering on time, within budget and to the required quality standard is no longer a differentiator in a market where clients are demanding increased value, building information modelling and life cycle provision. Construction companies are therefore looking to extend their activities into business consulting, financing and operational services, which will provide new sources of revenue in addition to their core production activities. This holistic service should provide solutions that meet their client s business needs, not just their building needs, ultimately resulting in long-standing relationships that over time yield a more predictable, long-term return. Over half of the top 20 UK construction companies, by turnover, have stated their intent to provide solutions to their clients - the case study organisation in which this research has been carried out is one of those companies. Part of a group of companies, the case study company, Shepherd Construction Ltd (SCL), has a vision to deliver integrated solutions to their clients, with the ultimate aim being that companies across the group can pool their expertise and deliver a service offering unique to the industry. Existing literature states the characteristics that integrated solutions providers need to possess, and proposes models for how an organisation needs to structure itself to deliver a service. However, the applicability of these models to SCL was unknown, and along with current literature on how to enact the transition pathway being vague, highlighted an area for investigation. Since the aim of integrated solutions provision is the delivery of a service to the client that adds value, it was proposed that lean thinking could provide a means of enacting the P-S transition: the starting point for lean thinking is value (Womack & Jones, 2003). Lean thinking principles (Womack & Jones, 2003) state that value needs to flow through the value stream the series of actions that transform inputs into the completed output raising the further proposition that flow is required through the stages of the integrated solutions lifecycle (the value stream) in order to successfully deliver all aspects of the client s value proposition, i.e. the desired solution. As a long established main-contractor, or product provider, SCL s challenge to transition from products-to-services was set against a backdrop of inconsistent performance and loss of continuity of service at crucial pinch-points in the delivery process. The action research carried out therefore sought to understand these problems and develop practices based on lean thinking that could be implemented in the company to enable consistent delivery of integrated solutions, i.e. enable the products-to-service transition, and in doing so provide the basis for the wider group vision. An abductive approach was taken to the research strategy; the experiences of the participants involved in the changes prompted by the action research process were used to inform the development of new theories and practices, and evaluate them once implemented. The methods used for collecting data and accounting for the experiences of people in the company included observation, both participant and non-participant, semi-structured interviews and analysis of company records. The research findings show that lean thinking has a role to play in enabling an organisation to transition from the provision of products to services. Standard processes and tools, based on lean thinking and developed through the action research framework, are shown to be the basis for consistent and repeatable performance within the phases of the integrated solutions lifecycle. Flow of information through and between phases of the lifecycle is then shown to be essential to ensuring the client s value proposition is realised and information is not lost during the transitions between lifecycle phases. The operational framework for service delivery , one of the practices developed, itself a form of standardised work, draws on lean thinking to provide a structured, yet flexible, means of developing a plan for service delivery that is focused on the client and ensuring the client s definition of value flows through the integrated solutions value stream and is therefore continually understood, and ultimately delivered, by the whole team as the project progresses. The practices developed through the research the standard company management system, operational framework for service delivery , service delivery plan and maturity assessment are shown to have improved consistency and company performance, and to have contributed to improved customer satisfaction (the ultimate aim of delivering a service) such that the company is starting to be perceived in the marketplace as an integrated solutions provider. This research also contributes to existing theory by evidencing that the transition pathway from products-to-services isn t as smooth as current literature portrays. In trying to implement current models in a construction setting, the products-to-service transition has been problematised and deficiencies in existing characteristics and models identified. Along with showing that lean thinking provides a theoretical framework for enacting the products-to-service transition, the hybrid model of the integrated solutions lifecycle developed, along with the maturity assessment, provide new theoretical insights, such as the need for feedback loops between all phases of the lifecycle.

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Hoffmann, Sven Oliver. "Business model transformation influenced by Germany's Energiewende : a comparative case study analysis of business model innovation in start-up and incumbent firms". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/12740.

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This thesis investigates the performance of business model innovation (BMI) by incumbent power utility and clean-tech start-up firms influenced by the German Energiewende. It emphasises the factors that impact BMI from a managers’ perspective, examines success factors for managers to overcome BMI challenges, and addresses contingencies to perform BMI in a more structured way. The research is driven by the German Energiewende. It has been chosen as Germany is considered one of the world’s leading markets for renewable energies and a transformation of the power sector is currently underway. Therefore, established power utility firms face severe changes, which have the characteristics of a potential disruption to their business model (BM). At the same time, new players are challenging these incumbents with new BMs. The research is underpinned by the extant literature on BMs and BMI. The research approach is based on two case studies; the incumbent power utility and the clean-tech start-up sector. The qualitative study comprises of 24 semi-structured interviews conducted with top tier managers, from 18 firms, responsible for BMI within these firms. Key findings: This study extends our knowledge of BMI in both a start-up and an incumbent environment that is influenced by various contingent events. It portrays barriers to BMI and depicts critical success factors for BMI that point out solutions on how to overcome these barriers. It provides a structured BMI framework for established firms and illustrates future BM archetypes in this sector. It clearly documents the German Energiewende is regarded as a disruptive threat from the perspective of incumbent power utility managers. The theoretical contribution of this thesis is a process framework including all identified drivers and challenges for BMI in both established and start-up firms. Contributions to practice include critical success factors for BMI, recommendations to overcome barriers to BMI and future BM archetypes within the newly evolving Energiewende industry based on sustainable technologies.

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Stange, Olof. "How magazines could remain competitive in the transition from print to digital media". Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189171.

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During the past decades, the world has seen a fast development in information technology. This has led to significant changes in many different industries including the media industry. The transformation is in progress and is unceasingly changing the game rules for media companies. Many magazines are struggling in the new competitive media landscape since existing business models in the print industry are hard to apply to the digital industry. In order for magazines to remain competitive they need to develop their revenue models and adjust to the new game rules in the industry. This thesis is focused on how magazines could develop their businesses in order to remain competitive in the transition from print to digital media. The research methods used were semi-structured interviews and a survey. The interviews were conducted with seven different media experts in order to find possible directions for Swedish magazines in general. The survey was aimed exclusively to the entertainment magazine Nöjesguiden in order to decide what additional revenue models fit them best. The results from the interviews implicate that magazines should continuously evaluate their print business using a holistic perspective, adopt long-term perspectives, initiate cost cutting in the print business and put the cost savings into investments for the future. In addition, they should have four main areas of focus in the digital business – strategy, content, target group and data. Strategy relates to focusing on the digital business, being innovative and trying new things. The results also show that it is beneficial to separate the old business from the new since the old business is linked to outdated industry structures. Regarding content, the direction should be either very broad or very niched. Thereto, magazines should focus on unique content, which refers to content that is not available elsewhere by other content providers. In addition, magazines should evaluate what makes their content unique. This is closely related to the target group, which is going to become more important in the future media climate. For magazines, getting to know their specific target group and focusing on improving the brand recognition are going to be advantageous factors in being competitive in the digital media climate. In conclusion, magazines should use data to continuously evaluate their business and use that knowledge to improve their offer. The results from the survey shows that the best new revenue model for Nöjesguiden at the moment is events.

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Mullen, Helen. "Business model change : a case study of independent videogame development firms and their transition from the 'work-for-hire' model". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8936/.

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The aim of the study was to better understand the business model change process at the firm level with specific reference to small firms, an area that remains under researched. Business model change drivers, constraints and facilitators were examined in the context of small, independent videogame development firms. The videogame industry is a fast-moving, global industry with entrepreneurial characteristics and a notable number of small and micro firms involved in games development. Such firms have traditionally operated using a contractor-based, ‘work-for-hire’ business model. This is characterised by project-based activities, little or no proprietary intellectual property, a weak financial model, and limited possibilities to build value into the firm. In recent years, new market and technology-related opportunities have emerged for such firms to change to a higher value model that incorporates proprietary intellectual property ownership, an ‘IP’ model. However despite the attraction of this model, and support from industry and policymakers, the successful change from work-for-hire has been limited thereby restricting both firm and industry development. Understanding the rationale for this can contribute to the business model change literature and inform videogame industry policy. This was an empirical study incorporating an exploratory, inductive approach with an embedded single case design that focused on independent videogame development firms and four business model change routes. Qualitative, longitudinal data were collected via 37 semi-structured interviews with purposefully selected entrepreneurs and industry experts; personal observations from interviews and 13 industry events in the UK and abroad; and documentation analysis of firm and industry data. The key findings indicated that: (i) business model change drivers were internal and external in nature with the entrepreneur’s preferences and the business model characteristics being dominant; (ii) certain business model change constraints influenced the composition, timing and success of business model change but were rarely preventative at business model adoption; (iii) the change process was opportunistic, ad hoc and facilitated by experimentation, finance, parallel models and a supportive firm and external environment; and (iv) parallel models were a critical part of business model change. For industry the study indicated that: (i) the IP model opportunity is questionable for many firms; (ii) the work-for-hire and combination models were prevalent but underrated; and (iii) innovation at the business model component may be a more appropriate way for videogame development firms to gain value.

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Gunnarsson, Daniel, i Jonathan Axelsson. "Servitization and its Effects on the Business Model : The Transition from Hardware Products to Software Services in Manufacturing". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157357.

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Companies within the manufacturing industry is undergoing changes in their business models to adapt to changing external environments and trends – whereas one general trend is toward servitization, the transition from hardware products to software services. These software services have shown to have an increasingly impactful role for former productbased firms to ensure future reliable profits and revenues. This thesis aims to contribute to the academical field of servitization and business model literature, within the context of a non-disruptive industry with a slow technological development rate. This is done by addressing the following purpose: to understand how hardware manufacturing companies can integrate software services in their existing business model. In order to fulfill this thesis’ purpose, the research questions answered address how a hardware manufacturing company’s business model can be affected by servitization, but also how the process of business model innovation can be facilitated in the organization. This master’s thesis is anchored in a qualitative, interpretive case study – where the empirical data has been gathered from semi-structured interviews and internal case company documents. The findings from this thesis show that servitization can affect company business model in several ways. The first one is the shift towards customercentricity, both in terms of the design of the value proposition and the way of working with the customers. However, the findings show that companies in this context may experience difficulties with designing a value proposition that is desirable to the customer. Problems with demonstrating the benefits of the servitized value proposition might also arise. Furthermore, this thesis also concludes that there can be issues in translating a manufacturing company’s value proposition into concrete revenue streams and moving from traditional cost-based pricing methods to value-based pricing strategies. Also, manufacturing companies in this context might struggle to realize its value proposition if there is not a sufficient amount of dedicated resources, competences and activities dedicated to completing the transition. This thesis also concludes that in order to facilitate the process of business model innovation within the organization, there needs to be a supportive culture to the innovation, but also clear goals and strategies that fits the overall strategies of the company. These strategies also need to be appropriately communicated within the organization. Companies might experience difficulties in rooting the business model in the overall strategy, and failing to do so can affect the internal perception of the innovation in a negative manner. This thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the concepts of the business model and innovation of the business model in the context of servitization. This study is performed as a context-specific study within a non-disruptive industry with a slow technological development, which differs the study from earlier research within this research field.

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Мельник, Леонід Григорович, Леонид Григорьевич Мельник, Leonid Hryhorovych Melnyk, Олександр Миколайович Дериколенко, Александр Николаевич Дериколенко, Oleksandr Mykolaiovych Derykolenko, Олександр Васильович Кубатко i in. "Business Models of Reproduction Cycles for Digital Economy". Thesis, CEUR-WS, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/74617.

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The intensive use of non-renewable resources and torn technological cycles is the cause for the total destruction of the planet’s ecosystems. The transition of production systems to renewable resources and closed circular cycles can ensure long-run sustainability of economic activities. Circular technologies as the basis of business processes guarantee sustainable transformation of the usual economy to digital one. The reproduction of economic activities in the closed integral cycle “production-interfacing-consumption-recyclingproduction” is the principal condition for the successful functioning of business processes. The scientific grounding, design and practical implementation of reproductive circular business processes create the platform for building a digital economy and ensures ecosystems sustainability. The research focuses on the modeling, design and practical implementation (introduction, testing, refinement, and adaptation to specific conditions) of reproductive circular business processes. The research models economic activity and communication of the economic agents in the main areas of the digital economy.

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Shu, Hui. "Disequilibrium Transition of the Consumer Goods Market in China, 1954-1991". PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1161.

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This is an in-depth study of the structural change and transition of the Chinese consumer goods market from 1954 to 1991 using disequilibrium econometric methodology. The model for the Chinese consumer goods market is based on the Portes-Winter disequilibrium model for centrally planned economies (1980). The demand function is derived from the Houthakker-Taylor savings function. The supply function is composed of approximations to the government's long-term and short-term plans. The transaction quantity in the market is defined as the smaller of effective demand and supply. Using the traditional global fitting method, three models are evaluated: one model that assumes no structural change, and two models that assume structural change. The estimations show that the structures of the demand and supply functions of the Chinese consumer goods market have changed since the economic reform in 1980. An innovative non-parametric method of locally weighted optimization is applied to further test the variations in model parameters during the period between 1954 and 1991 without assuming explicit functional forms of demand and supply. The estimation results show that the Chinese consumer goods market fits the Portes-Winter model well in the earlier years. The results confirm that the structures of demand and supply functions have changed since the economic reform. In the late 1980's, the Chinese consumer goods market is shown to have shifted away from a pure centrally planned system. Other main conclusions of this study include, first, that chronic shortage does not exist in the Chinese consumer goods market from 1954 to 1991. Second, a rigid price level has not caused the market to be persistently in disequilibrium. Third, the classical disequilibrium model of consumer goods market in centrally planned economies does not fit the Chinese consumer goods market in the later years.

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Bisiaux, Justine. "La transition vers l'innovation soutenable pour les entreprises industrielles : une approche par les business models : application au domaine du génie industriel". Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2216/document.

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Ces dernières décennies ont été marquées par l’apparition d’un nouveau contexte en faveur du développement soutenable, dans lequel de nouveaux modes de consommation et de production émergent. Ce nouveau contexte tend à se substituer à l’innovation intensive, les entreprises industrielles à réorienter leur business model vers l’innovation soutenable. Cependant ce changement nécessite des bouleversements stratégiques et organisationnels que certaines entreprises ne parviennent pas à surmonter. Ces situations d’entreprises révèlent un double enjeu : la nécessité de caractériser l’innovation soutenable d’une part et l’intérêt de définir une stratégie d’évolution et de diffusion de l’innovation soutenable au sein des entreprises d’autre part. Afin de caractériser l’innovation soutenable, trois notions sont mobilisées : le business model, la soutenabilité et la fonctionnalité. Les résultats de cette exploration suggèrent l’utilisation du business model comme objet intermédiaire afin de favoriser la co-construction et l’évolution de business models. L’étude de la soutenabilité du business model conduit à la proposition de l’association de l’économie de fonctionnalité - business model serviciel - à l’éco-conception - modèle de conception environnemental - comme déclinaison de l’innovation soutenable. L’analyse de la fonctionnalité révèle une complémentarité de ces deux démarches. Celles-ci permettent de définir de nouvelles offres du point de vue des valeurs d’usage et permettent d’intégrer l’utilisateur dans la définition de l’offre. L’exploration de ces trois notions conduit également à la proposition d’un changement de paradigme en faveur du paradigme soutenable suivi du développement de trajectoires de business models afin de garantir aux entreprises l’atteinte à long terme des plus hauts niveaux de l’innovation soutenable. Ces résultats théoriques servent ensuite au développement d’une méthode d’aide à la décision : Business Model Explorer for Sustainability (BMES). La méthode BMES permet aux entreprises de concevoir de nouveaux business models soutenables et de définir des trajectoires vers ces business models soutenables comme stratégie de diffusion de l’innovation soutenable à long terme. Elle s’appuie sur la notion d’upgradabilité comme déclinaison opérationnelle de l’innovation soutenable. La méthode est développée et testée avec les deux industriels partenaires du projet IDCyclUM : Neopost et Rowenta. Une des principales perspectives de recherche proposée consiste à engager des travaux visant à poursuivre la définition de l’innovation soutenable qui reste un concept ambigu pour lequel il n’existe pas de consensus à l’heure actuelle
Over the past decades, a new context in favor of sustainable development emerged. New models of consumption and production are developed. This shift from intensive innovation to sustainable innovation leads some companies to rethink their business model. However, this business model evolution requires strategic and organizational changes that some companies fail to overcome. These companies’ situations reveal a double challenge : the need to characterize sustainable innovation on the one hand and defining a strategy for disseminating sustainable innovation on the other hand.To characterize sustainable innovation, three notions are mobilized : the business model, sustainability and functionality. The results of this exploration suggest the use of the business modelas an intermediary object to promote the co-construction and the evolution of business models. The study of sustainable led us to associate functional economy - servicial business model - to eco-design- environmental design - as a declination of sustainable innovation. Functionality concept analysis revealed the complementarity of functional economy and eco-design approaches. This allows us to define new offers from the use-values point of view. The exploration of these three notions also leads to propose a paradigm shift in favor of sustainable paradigm. This paradigm shift is followed by the development and characterization of business models trajectories. These trajectories guide companies in achieving the highest levels of sustainable innovation on the long term. These theoretical results were used to develop a method called Business Model Explorer for Sustainability (BMES). The BMES method allows companies to develop sustainable business models and to define trajectories toward these business models. The method is based on the upgradability concept as operational application of sustainable innovation. The method was developed and tested with the two industrial partners of IDCyclUM project : Neopost and Rowenta. One of the main proposed research perspectives is to continue defining sustainable innovation. This concept remains indeed ambiguous and there is still no consensus about its definition at present

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Hobbs, Jeremy. "The role of business organisations in the transition from an import substituting to an export orientated model of growth in Mexico after 1982". Thesis, University of Essex, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31994612.html.

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Skalin, Joakim. "Modelling macroeconomic time series with smooth transition autoregressions". Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Ekonomisk Statistik (ES), 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-650.

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Among the parametric nonlinear time series model families, the smooth transition regression (STR) model has recently received attention in the literature. The considerations in this dissertation focus on the univariate special case of this model, the smooth transition autoregression (STAR) model, although large parts of the discussion can be easily generalised to the more general STR case. Many nonlinear univariate time series models can be described as consisting of a number of regimes, each one corresponding to a linear autoregressive parametrisation, between which the process switches. In the STAR models, as opposed to certain other popular models involving multiple regimes, the transition between the extreme regimes is smooth and assumed to be characterised by a bounded continuous function of a transition variable. The transition variable, in turn, may be a lagged value of the variable in the model, or another stochastic or deterministic observable variable. A number of other commonly discussed nonlinear autoregressive models can be viewed as special or limiting cases of the STAR model. The applications presented in the first two chapters of this dissertation, Chapter I: Another look at Swedish Business Cycles, 1861-1988 Chapter II: Modelling asymmetries and moving equilibria in unemployment rates, make use of STAR models. In these two studies, STAR models are used to provide insight into dynamic properties of the time series which cannot be be properly characterised by linear time series models, and which thereby may be obscured by estimating only a linear model in cases where linearity would be rejected if tested. The applications being of interest in their own right, an important common objective of these two chapters is also to develop, suggest, and give examples of various methods that may be of use in discussing the dynamic properties of estimated STAR models in general.Chapter III, Testing linearity against smooth transition autoregression using a parametric bootstrap, reports the result of a small simulation study considering a new test of linearity against STAR based on bootstrap methodology.

Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1999

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McGahern, Robert E. "An examination of the Navy's Future Naval Capability technology transition process". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FMcGahern.pdf.

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Roséen, Jakob. "Enabling Circular Economy with Digital Technology : A case study On the Swedish Online Secondhand Business Sellpy". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-392703.

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Recognizing the responsibility businesses has in sustainable development, a rising number of entrepreneurs are attempting to innovate business models together with digital technology to address environmental and societal needs. Circular business models is an example of how businesses can become more sustainable. However, there is a growing phenomenon of entrepreneurs suggesting digital platforms as a supportive element in an enterprise to enable circular features. This research aims to investigate the role of a single entrepreneur as a transition intermediary to sustainable development by using digital platforms. Additionally, this research aims to explore the success factors and challenges this entrepreneur can uncover. Contrary to most studies, this thesis adopts the entrepreneur's perspective as being a key actor in sustainable development but also as an innovative force in a socio-technical system. A case study was conducted on the Swedish online secondhand store Sellpy. The qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Given the thesis' exploratory research design, the finding can be used in further research as artifacts for more conclusive and generalizing research. The entrepreneur, as a transition intermediary, can establish valuable partnerships and networks to accelerate circulation and sustainability awareness. Additionally, the entrepreneur can influence others by spreading knowledge to engage other entrepreneurs to innovate businesses towards sustainability. The main success factors found in this case study is the approach to develop with the user community, digital ownership, skilled and diverse workforce, and partnerships with similar businesses. The challenges discovered was to maintain and find new users to enter the circular system and the external skepticism towards sustainability-oriented businesses.

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Daxböck, Birgit Verfasser], Sven M. [Gutachter] Laudien, Patrick [Gutachter] [Spieth i Till [Gutachter] Talaulicar. "Multiple perspectives on product-service transition and its influence on business model design in manufacturing firms / Birgit Daxböck ; Gutachter: Sven M. Laudien, Patrick Spieth, Till Talaulicar". Erfurt : Universität Erfurt, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1215976828/34.

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Mobtaker, Sare. "Transition towards digital servitization in fossil-free society : An explorative study in the construction equipment industry". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55243.

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Sustainability is one of the mega trends that is emerging nowadays. It is built on protecting our planet and its resources. Agenda 2030 is a universal call to action, which demonstrates the significance of moving towards sustainability in three different areas of environmental, social, and economic at the international level. One of the focal points of environmental sustainability deals with climate change due to using fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions. Sweden aims to be one of the world’s first fossil-free nations, and its initiative Fossil Free Sweden offers roadmaps in different sectors to accomplish this goal. Growing the service business through using digital technologies is a strategy many companies tend to in the fast-changing world. Although it potentially leads to competitive advantage and enhancing revenues, it is a challenging situation, particularly for industrial firms. This study seeks to consider a more holistic view regarding the transition that companies need to take by 2030 in pursuing digital servitization and at the same time becoming fossil fuel free. Surviving the transition can not happen without revising business models and exploring new business opportunities. To address this issue, an explorative case study is performed in a manufacturing company in the construction equipment industry to collect, analyze and frame the existing knowledge in digital servitization and business model, moreover, to identify the factors that industrial firms should consider in improving their service business in the transition towards fossil-free society. To do so, 1) a set of coproduction sessions are held in the case company with advanced engineering and researchers, 2) as well an online survey is distributed inside the case company, to collect valuable knowledge and practical insight. The outcome of the research is a framework that can be used as a practical guide to support firms in the transition towards digital servitization and help them to figure out their current position in case of offerings and business models and plan for the next steps and new opportunities. In addition, six important factors with their sub-factors are offered accompanied by six general guidelines that firms should consider in their journey towards the transition.

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Arefjev, Sergej, i Liudmila Strucheuskaya. "Striving for Business Excellence in Belarus : Tendencies of Quality Management in IT Industry". Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-119.

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Nonetheless IT sector is considered as highly competitive Belarus is listed in the top five, while also be-ing in the transitional stage. Thus, this thesis examined the tendencies of the quality management in Bel-arus IT industry. TQM, commonly used control system – ISO, and Business Excellence Models – Mal-colm Baldrige National Quality Award (MNBQA) and European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) were used as the basis for our research. The main premise for the research is that it is not nec-essary to excel in all concepts of TQM, where ISO was used as the primary step towards total quality.

Hence it was deduced that quality in the collected sample differs among the concepts. Even though the main concept of customer satisfaction is acknowledged, the human factor is still undervalued. This might also be the flaw hinged by ISO. However, further research could be done, covering bigger sample and observing the shift of these tendencies.

Key words: Total Quality Management (TQM), Interantional Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), Business Excellence Model (BEM), IT, Belarus, transitional economy, tendencies, Leadership, Strategy, Human Resources, Culture, Infrastructure

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Ragazzi, Graziella. "Les Modèles Economiques dans la Transition Energétique bas carbone à l'Echelle Locale". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED052/document.

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Face à l'urgence dans la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique, la transition énergétique bas carbone est une transition sociétale constituant un véritable défi du fait de ses singularités. Les conditions de sa réalisation résident dans un pilotage politique multi-niveaux afin d'agir dès à présent sur les différents leviers d'action possibles. En effet les Etats interviennent d'une part lors des négociations internationales afin de parvenir à un accord universel sur le climat, et d'autre part dans la législation de leur cadre réglementaire national. Les collectivités locales interviennent également du fait de leurs compétences leur conférant un pouvoir d'influence conséquent sur les modes de production décentralisés et sur la consommation d'énergie. L'échelle locale joue un rôle de premier ordre car elle bénéficie des liens de proximités et de confiance qui favorisent l'action collective et constitue un véritable effet de levier. C'est au niveau des territoires que les projets de la transition énergétique émergent et que la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique se concrétise. C'est pourquoi il est nécessaire de comprendre quels types de projets locaux pour la transition énergétique émergent, et quelle est leur performance tant d'un point de vue économique, que social et environnemental. Cela permettra d'une part aux pouvoirs publics d'identifier les types de projets performants pour impulser leur développement, et d'autre part quels sont les freins à lever le cas échéant pour faire émerger des projets innovants. Sur le long-terme, il s'agit de comprendre quels types de projets se déploieront et se généraliseront dans le cadre de la transition énergétique en fonction du type de valeur qu'ils parviendront à générer. Pour répondre à cela, l'approche des business models est pertinente : elle constitue en effet une grille d'analyse permettant de déterminer les caractéristiques de chaque projet, en décrivant sa proposition de valeur et la configuration de cette valeur, et de déterminer sa viabilité et sa durabilité en fonction de la création (ou destruction) de valeurs (économique, financière, sociale, environnementale) qu'il génère. La thèse propose ainsi une typologie des business models de la transition énergétique à l'échelle locale, une grille d'analyse de projet adaptée à l'enjeu sociétal que représente la transition énergétique et propose enfin des recommandations pour la politique publique en matière d'évaluation de la performance économique, sociale et environnementale de projets locaux de transition énergétique
To face the climate change, energy transition is required. Energy transition is a societal transition, which is really challenging because of its singularities. The multi-level governance is necessary in order to act now for the energy transition. Indeed States take action by negotiating international agreements for the climate on the one hand, and on the other hand by legislating their national regulatory framework. Local authorities intervene too owing to their competencies which give them a high influence power on decentralized production system and on energy consumption. The local scale plays a major role because they benefit from closed and trustful relationships which foster collective action and act as a real leverage. It is at the territories level that energy transition projects emerge and that fight against global warming become true. That's why it is necessary to understand what types of local projects for the energy transition arise, and what is their economic, social and environmental performance. This can allow public authorities to identify what are the performant projects and to encourage to replicate them on the one hand, and on the other hand to remove barriers in order to make arise innovant projects. In the long run, we must understand what kinds of projects will unfold and generalize as part of the energy transition depending on the value they will generate. To answer this, the business models perspective is highly appropriate: it constitutes an analytical framework which allows to describe the project features (its value proposition, its value configuration) and to determine its viability and sustainability according to the (economic, financial, social, environmental) values creation it builds. The thesis puts forward a typology of energy transition business models at the local scale, an analytical framework for projects adapted to the energy transition societal stake. Finally the thesis suggests some public policy recommandation in terms of assessment of the economic, social and environmental performance of the local projects for the energy transition

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Yildirim, Dilem. "Star Models: An Application To Turkish Inflation And Exchange Rates". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605735/index.pdf.

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The recent empirical literature has shown that the dynamic generating mechanism of macroeconomic variables can be asymmetric. Inspiring from these empirical results, this thesis uses a class of nonlinear models called smooth transition autoregressive models to investigate possible asymmetric dynamics in inflation and nominal exchange rate series of Turkey. Estimation results imply that variables under consideration contain strong nonlinearities and these can be modeled by STAR models.

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Romlin, Fredriksson Carl, i Alexander Telander. "The Service Orientation Process at an Operative Level : - A way to start charging for services in the manufacturing industry". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37505.

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The Western world manufacturing industry is facing a tough global market today. The production is moved to developing countries, where the production costs are much lower. Big manufacturing companies like VOLVO, SKF and ABB are all following this trend. The tradition in the manufacturing industry is to produce and sell a product, where the best scenario is to never see it again. This tradition is starting to change and the focus of revenue from the whole product life cycle has increased during the last decades. When utilities the whole life cycle with different services the revenue increases drastically, there is a competitive advantage, a more stabile revenue flow in economic cycles, socio-economical and environmental sustainability. When increasing service orientation, there will be challenges to overcome, discovered on a conceptual level, thereby the research call for how these challenges can be seen at an operative level. The purpose of this thesis is to identify these critical factors and understand these at an operative level. This master thesis was conducted through a case study and used several data collection methods, such as interviews, observations and literature review. The empirical data was thematically analysed and categorized as different critical factors and compeered with the literature. The case company chosen for the thesis is the Rolls-Royce site in Kristinehamn, Sweden. They are in a process of restructuring, where the production is downsized. A “catch 22” problem was seen; when a manufacturer becomes more service orientated the aim is to generate a profit from services, meaning that a service needs a fee. But the possibility to put a fee on a service is hindered by the lack of service orientation within the manufacturing organisation. In this thesis increased service orientation is used to create a foundation for charged services. Critical factors on an operative level was identified and understood. Two new critical factors that were found to have an impact in this specific case were concluded. A general model of how to approach the problem of putting a fee on services, starting in the end of service orientation, is conducted. This gives an implication of how manufacturers can improve their service orientation and eventually set a fee on their free services.

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Golubeva, Olga. "Foreign Investment Decision-Making in Transition Economies". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24749.

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The purpose of this project is to describe and explain the foreign investment decision process in the uncertain and turbulent environment of transition economy. By getting an in-depth understanding of how decision-making works in the environment of transition economy, the study intends to contribute to the development of business administration theory in the area of foreign investment decision-making, particularly its application in the turbulent and uncertain world. Theoretical ‘blocks’, elaborated on the basis of literature study, include the following concepts: the framework of transition economy; initial motivation (or reasons) of companies to make foreign direct investments (FDI); investigation of the investment climate and information collection methods; project evaluation and investment decision criteria; risk assessment factors and risk reduction measures. Transition economy is defined in the study as ‘a non-planned, non-market economy’ where the new emerging market institutions coexist with the bureaucracy and hierarchy inherited from the old administrative system. Investment projects, therefore, should probably be seen as being under institutional influence from both the local (i.e. transition economy) and the Western investor’s home country environments. The empirical data presented in the paper also shows that it is necessary to establish the relevant economic, legal, political and social institutions in order to attract FDI. The study further includes the analysis of the main components and features of transition economies and their influence on FDI decision-making. One of the results of the study is that FDI decision-making in transition economies is largely consistent with different theoretical approaches suggested in the literature. On the other hand, the empirical support obtained for different theoretical approaches is often questionable and opened to alternative interpretations. The presented project suggests that theoretical perspectives do not preclude each other, but rather have a complimentary character. The study attempts to contribute to the mainstream FDI theories through a firm-level approach based on the case studies. Two in-depth case studies are presented in the paper: Ericsson’s direct investments in Russia and Vattenfall’s investments in the Baltic countries. A formal questionnaire based on the parameters of theoretical ‘blocks’ was created and 25 top executives from Ericsson and Vattenfall who participated in FDI decision-making were surveyed. The empirical investigation took place during the period 1997 - 1998 with partial updating of the cases during the year 2000. The study shows that where companies confront stable environments, investment decision routines and procedures will be less necessary and important than where market uncertainty is high. The strong appreciation of the local business partners for properly done investment calculations increases the importance of capital budgeting in transition economies more than in developed market economies. Besides, traditional investment appraisal methods provide managers with an ‘objective’ or ‘materialistic’ feedback for the decision-making in the rapidly changing uncertain environment. On the other hand, the study emphasises the importance of strategy over financial techniques and argues that FDI decisions in transition economies should be based on methods consistent with the company’s long-term objectives. In case of permanent changes, new approaches as well as better co-ordination of traditional techniques with strategic, political, historical, geographical and cultural issues are required. Ericsson’ s direct investments in Russia are presented in the paper in connection with other factors: the company’s historical involvement in Russia, marketing strategy, human resource development, privatisation and restructuring of the telecommunication sector in Russia, etc. Nordic Electric Power Co-operation (Nordel), the EU’ s decision in 1996 to create an internal electricity market in Europe, Baltic ring study, future plans to privatise the energy companies in the Baltic countries, etc., are the framework to present the second case. An application of project evaluation and risk assessment techniques for broader and more complicated environments shows that investment decision-making is probably as much, if not more, a social, political and cultural technology as an economic one. The study argues then that the rational choice decision-making model often co-exists with alternative models elaborated in social science - limited rationality, political and garbage can. According to the empirical data, the investment decisions are largely based on intuition, business experience and judgement, personal contacts with representatives from the local country, and these investment criteria are inevitable and acceptable in a situation of total chaos and permanent change. The right chosen partner, for example, is one of the major criteria for the success of the investment project in a transition economy. One of the outcomes of this study is that the revitalised form of investment decision-making will differ rather markedly from much of what has gone before: less emphasis on the quantitative aspects of capital budgeting, more on the qualitative aspects of companies and investment environment. The project also argues that determinants, approaches and criteria of investment activity in transition economies are largely consistent with patterns observed in other parts of the world. A few specific environmental conditions of transition economies, however, are shown in the study to affect the pattern of FDI decision-making. The level of turbulence is still different compared to the developed market economies due to uncertainties and unpredictibilities associated with environment of transition economies. Other major differences are the large power distance with authoritarian leadership, strong hierarchy and bureaucracy as well as the vital role of personal contacts in transition economies. It is not clear, however, if these features of transition economies should be seen as inherited from the past communist system or as an alternative way to organise the economic actors through networks, a way that is natural and appropriate for the majority of Asian societies.

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Werning, Jan P. [Verfasser], Stefan [Gutachter] Spinler i Carl Marcus [Gutachter] Wallenburg. "The transition from linear towards circular economy business models : theoretical and empirical study of boundary conditions and other effects on the value chain / Jan P. Werning ; Gutachter: Stefan Spinler, Carl Marcus Wallenburg". Vallendar : WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1231792108/34.

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Perelygin, Sergey, i Mahmoud Samara. "The Hydrogen Runway : Fostering niche technology: A case of Hydrogen in Swedish aviation". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296579.

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Sustainability challenges is a growing concern that receives more and more attention on a global level. The aviation sector accounts for roughly 3% of the global CO2 emissions and has experienced increasing growth in demand. To address the sustainability challenges, the Swedish government has established a timeline within which it is hoped to have achieved a zero-net emission transportation sector by the year of 2045. This study aims to determine the conditions needed for hydrogen technology to take off as a measure to accelerate the decarbonisation within aviation. To identify the conditions needed for fostering hydrogen technology in the Swedish aviation industry, the frameworks multi-level perspective and business models were used to create an analytical framework upon which the analysis was based. It pertains to answering what the current perceptions regarding hydrogen technology are, and the implications of the perceptions. Also, it helps identify the conditions needed for the emergence of potential business models. The analysis was performed on data acquired through 11 semistructured interviews, as well as literature concerning hydrogen, kerosene, and sustainability. The findings showcase a consensus of hydrogen’s potential as future fuel in the aviation sector. Four main themes were used to identify the potential of hydrogen, (i) The readiness of the technology and availability of hydrogen as a scalable fuel; (ii) The perceived visibility of hydrogen over time; (iii) The sustainability aspect coupled to the use of hydrogen; (iv) The strategic actions to promote hydrogen. These build on the fact that correct knowledge is generated. However, the commitment to the hydrogen pathway is inhibited by a distinct disparity of opinion regarding the readiness of the pathway in aviation which highlights a difficulty of transferring the generated knowledge. Overall, the noted conditions that hinder the common vision of the pathway’s development regards to the cultural discourse and framing of hydrogen as well as the availability and associated cost of sustainable hydrogen. Through the establishment of networks and business models unique to the capabilities of the Swedish aviation industry an opportunity is presented for the Swedish aviation industry to position themselves as pioneers in the introduction of hydrogen to the industry. With the help from governmental actions and cross-industry applicability, functioning ecosystems can be created that will foster hydrogen technology and help achieve the set climate goals.
Hållbarhetsutmaningar är ett växande problem som får mer och mer uppmärksamhet globalt. Luftfartssektorn står för ungefär 3% av de globala koldioxidutsläppen och har upplevt en stadigt ökande efterfrågan. För att handskas med hållbarhetsutmaningarna har den svenska regeringen upprättat en tidslinje inom vilken man hoppas ha uppnått en klimatneutral transportsektor år 2045. Denna studie syftar till att bestämma de förutsättningar som krävs för att vätteknik ska starta som ett medel för att påskynda koldioxidminskningen inom flygindustrin. För att identifiera de förutsättningar som krävs för att främja vätteknologi i den svenska flygindustrin används teoretiska ramverken multinivåperspektiv och affärsmodeller för att konstruera ett analytiskt ramverk som analysen baserades på. Det analytiska ramverket svarar på vad de nuvarande uppfattningarna om vätteknologi är, och konsekvenserna av dessa uppfattningar. Dessutom hjälper ramverket att identifiera de förutsättningar som krävs för framväxten av potentiella affärsmodeller. Analysen utfördes på data som erhölls genom 11 semistrukturerade intervjuer, samt litteratur om väte, fotogen och hållbarhet. Resultaten visar enighet angående vätets potential som framtida bränsle inom flygsektorn. Fyra teman användesför att identifiera potentialen av väte (i) Teknologins beredskap och tillgängligheten av väte; (ii) Det uppfattade intresset av väte över tid; (iii) Hållbarhetsaspekter kring vätets användning; (iv) Strategiska handlingar för främjandet av väte. Dessa bygger på det faktum att korrekt kunskap om vätets potential genereras. Ändock hämmas engagemanget för väte av en tydlig åsiktsskillnad beträffande teknologins beredskap inom flygindustrin, som härstammar från svårigheter av att överföra den genererade kunskapen. Sammantaget påvisas att förhållandena som hindrar den gemensamma visionen om vätets utveckling handlar om den kulturella diskursen och inramningen av väte, samt tillgängligheten och tillhörande kostnader för hållbart väte. Genom etablering av nätverk och affärsmodeller som är unika för den svenska flygindustrins förmågor, ges den svenska flygindustrin möjligheten att positionera sig som pionjärer i införandet av väte till industrin. Med hjälp av statliga åtgärder och tillämpning över flera branscher kan fungerande ekosystem skapas som främjar vätteknik och hjälper till att uppnå de uppsatta klimatmålen.

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Högemark, Kajsa, i Beatrice Johnsson. "Övergången mellan IAS 39 och IFRS 9 : en studie av övergångseffekter avseende kreditreserver hos banker i Sverige". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-25717.

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Redovisning av finansiella instrument har varit omtalat de senaste åren, framför allt gällandebanker. Mellan år 2017 och 2018 skedde en övergång mellan två standarder, från IAS 39 tillIFRS 9. Anledningen till den nya standarden IFRS 9 var, dels att IAS 39 blev hårt kritiserad,och dels på grund av dess komplexitet. Kritiken gentemot IAS 39 blev som mest omtalad efterfinanskrisen 2007–2009, speciellt avseende sättet som kreditförluster redovisades. Bland destörsta skillnaderna mellan standarderna var en ny modell för redovisning av kreditförluster iIFRS 9, antalet värderingskategorier minskade samt att upplysningskraven utökades.Ytterligare en förändring var att IFRS 9 är en principbaserad standard, till skillnad från IAS 39som är regelbaserad. Detta kan leda till problematik gällande både subjektiva bedömningar ochharmonisering.Syftet med studien var att undersöka de övergångseffekter som uppstod för banker vidövergången till IFRS 9. Genom en kvalitativ dokumentstudie har tolv banker studerats,uppdelade i tre olika bankkategorier, där vi genom resultatet ämnat att finna eventuella mönster,likheter eller skillnader i bankernas övergångseffekter. Med utgångspunkt i årsredovisningarnafrån 2017 och 2018 från respektive bank, har fokus varit på hur redovisningen av kreditförlusterpåverkade de finansiella rapporterna vid övergången.Av resultatet framgår att alla banker i studien påverkades av övergången från IAS 39 till IFRS9. Det uppstod däremot inga tydliga mönster för hur bankerna påverkades, varken mellan deenskilda bankerna eller mellan bankkategorierna, då effekterna kraftigt skiljer sig. Något somframgår är att i genomsnitt ökade kreditförluster, kreditreserveringar och kreditförlustnivån,samt att eget kapital minskade. Studiens resultat indikerar att bakomliggande faktorer kan liggatill grund för den stora variationen av påverkan på bankerna. Faktorer som subjektivabedömningar, affärsmodell och verksamhet. De striktare kraven för upplysningar iårsredovisningarna skulle bidra till ökad transparens och således öka jämförbarheten. Det visarsig dock i studien att det brister i harmoniseringen och därför försvårades jämförbarheten.Vår slutsats är att införandet av IFRS 9 och framför allt dess förändrade regler gällandekreditförlustreserveringar påverkade bankerna. Även att variationen av verksamhet,affärsmodell och subjektiva bedömningar kan ha stor påverkan på redovisningen. Samtligabanker påverkades men förändringen var varierande. Det finns tendens till att storbankerna ochsparbankerna hade liknande övergångseffekter. Det framkom dock inga tydliga mönster förnågon av bankkategorierna. Utifrån dessa faktorer kan det krävas fler riktlinjer för att begränsade tolkningarna som uppstår. Allt för att jämförbarheten ska öka för de finansiella instrumentenmellan olika banker.
Redovisning av finansiella instrument har varit omtalat de senaste åren, framför allt gällandebanker. Mellan år 2017 och 2018 skedde en övergång mellan två standarder, från IAS 39 tillIFRS 9. Anledningen till den nya standarden IFRS 9 var, dels att IAS 39 blev hårt kritiserad, och dels på grund av dess komplexitet. Kritiken gentemot IAS 39 blev som mest omtalad efterfinanskrisen 2007–2009, speciellt avseende sättet som kreditförluster redovisades. Bland destörsta skillnaderna mellan standarderna var en ny modell för redovisning av kreditförluster iIFRS 9, antalet värderingskategorier minskade samt att upplysningskraven utökades. Ytterligare en förändring var att IFRS 9 är en principbaserad standard, till skillnad från IAS 39som är regelbaserad. Detta kan leda till problematik gällande både subjektiva bedömningar och harmonisering. Syftet med studien var att undersöka de övergångseffekter som uppstod för banker vid övergången till IFRS 9. Genom en kvalitativ dokumentstudie har tolv banker studerats, uppdelade i tre olika bankkategorier, där vi genom resultatet ämnat att finna eventuella mönster, likheter eller skillnader i bankernas övergångseffekter. Med utgångspunkt i årsredovisningarna från 2017 och 2018 från respektive bank, har fokus varit på hur redovisningen av kreditförluster påverkade de finansiella rapporterna vid övergången. Av resultatet framgår att alla banker i studien påverkades av övergången från IAS 39 till IFRS 9. Det uppstod däremot inga tydliga mönster för hur bankerna påverkades, varken mellan de enskilda bankerna eller mellan bankkategorierna, då effekterna kraftigt skiljer sig. Något som framgår är att i genomsnitt ökade kreditförluster, kreditreserveringar och kreditförlustnivån, samt att eget kapital minskade. Studiens resultat indikerar att bakomliggande faktorer kan ligga till grund för den stora variationen av påverkan på bankerna. Faktorer som subjektiva bedömningar, affärsmodell och verksamhet. De striktare kraven för upplysningar i årsredovisningarna skulle bidra till ökad transparens och således öka jämförbarheten. Det visar sig dock i studien att det brister i harmoniseringen och därför försvårades jämförbarheten. Vår slutsats är att införandet av IFRS 9 och framför allt dess förändrade regler gällande kreditförlustreserveringar påverkade bankerna. Även att variationen av verksamhet, affärsmodell och subjektiva bedömningar kan ha stor påverkan på redovisningen. Samtliga banker påverkades men förändringen var varierande. Det finns tendens till att storbankerna och sparbankerna hade liknande övergångseffekter. Det framkom dock inga tydliga mönster för någon av bankkategorierna. Utifrån dessa faktorer kan det krävas fler riktlinjer för att begränsa de tolkningarna som uppstår. Allt för att jämförbarheten ska öka för de finansiella instrumenten mellan olika banker.

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Warski, Stefania. "Le transfert des pratiques managériales de la grande distribution française en Pologne". Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50374-2005-3-1.pdf.

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Les théories organisationnelles du changement donnent rarement des recettes sur les comportements organisationnels à mettre en oeuvre pour qu'une organisation parvienne à ses fins (Mezias. , Grynier & Guth, 2001). Les recherches menées par le chercheur, sur les enseignes de la grande distribution française entre 1995 et 2003 en Pologne, lui ont permis une étude longitudinale du transfert d'un business model et des pratiques managériales vers un pays en mutation. Le secteur de la grande distribution fut totalement absent du contexte sociétal du pays cible étudié, jusqu'à l'avènement des enseignes françaises; cette étude offre donc un regard interne sur les pratiques managériales des entreprises mondiales du commerce de détail et des adaptations que ces pratiques nécessitent dans un contexte local. Deux cadres d'analyse furent utilisés pour permettre l'interprétation des résultats: la confrontation des paradigmes d'une part (Hurt & Hurt, 2000) et la triple perspective culturelle, d'autre part. Le résultat des analyses permet de conclure à un processus en plusieurs phases: dans la 1ère phase, les multinationales recherchent la convergence de leurs pratiques managériales, dans la 2ième phase, elles acceptent la divergence en réponse à des conditions qu'elles considèrent exceptionnelles, dans la 3ième phase, elles reaffirment leur préférence pour l'homogénéisation, la convergence de leurs pratiques.

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Botvina, Victoria. "Les déterminants du succès du marketing industriel des projets internationaux : application au cas d’un service parapétrolier en Russie". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1119.

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Ce travail doctoral s’intéresse aux choix du mode d’entrée des PME de service d’ingénierie souhaitant s’implanter sur les marchés émergents. Le contexte est à un double titre : un pays d’économie en transition, la Russie, et une PME du type Born Global de services à forte intensité de connaissances (SFIC), secteur parapétrolier. Notre recherche porte sur la détermination des facteurs qui permettent de franchir avec succès les barrières à l’entrée dans ce contexte. Nous avons procédé à la collecte des données empiriques primaires sur le terrain en conduisant une analyse qualitative exploratoire longitudinale d’étude de cas unique sur la période 2006-2013. L’étude de cas a été privilégiée afin de valider nos propositions de recherche issues des travaux scientifiques identifiés tel que les théories concernant les modes d’entrée, les PME Born Global, l’internationalisation des activités de services aux entreprises, les réseaux relationnels. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les PME SFIC du type Born Global se développe à l’international en suivant leurs clientèles, en s’appuyant sur le marketing relationnel et sur leur réseau comme un outil d’accès à une information fiable dans une espace volatile, à la différenciation de l’offre et à la rapidité de réaction pour exploiter une stratégie de niche. La nature d’activité des SFIC nécessite pour convaincre les clients, d’exploiter les capacités rhétoriques du personnel en contact, faire attention à l’image projetée et de gérer les relations et les interactions avec les clients centraux. Nos résultats font apparaître l’importance de l’étape pré-export pour la réussite du projet d’implantation dans ce contexte de marché
This research work focuses on the entry mode choices that best fit the needs of SMEs of engineering services which set up their business into emerging markets. The context is twofold: a country with transition economy, Russia, and the so-called « Born Global » SME of knowledge intensive business services (KIBS), operating in the oilfield sector. Our study tries to identify factors that may help successfully overcome the entry barriers in this particular context. To conduct this research, we used an empirical approach of primary data collected directly from the field. Our exploratory qualitative analysis has been carried out longitudinally and involves data collection of single case study over the period 2006-2013. The method of single case study was privileged in order to validate our research proposals that emerged from the theoretical background related to the works about: entry mode, « Born Global » SME, the internationalization of professional business service, networks. Our descriptive results indicate that « Born Global » KIBS firms attempt to set up their business by following their clients, through relationship marketing and networks approach as a tool to get an access to reliable information in the turbulent environment, reinforced by the offer differentiation, reactivity and a niche strategy. The work and the outcomes of KIBS cannot be immediately evaluated, which require to convince customers through the management of rhetorical skills of contact persons, image production and interactions with central clients. Moreover, our results show the importance of pre-export phase to perform better the set up project in the context of emerging market

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Ahlersten, Krister. "Empirical asset pricing and investment strategies". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögskolan i Stockholm] (EFI), 2007. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/726.htm.

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Haile, Yohannes. "Sustainable Value And Eco-Communal Management: Systemic Measures For The Outcome Of Renewable Energy Businesses In Developing, Emerging, And Developed Economies". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459369970.

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39

Liu, Yu-Hsuan, i 劉育瑄. "The Effectiveness of Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)： Model of Transition Management". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22647967655538273344.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
公共行政暨政策學系
99
SBIR is a financial subsidy program, funded by the Ministry of Economy, to encourage the small and medium businesses in Taiwan to enhance their research and development effort. Since its inception in 1992, SBIR has been implemented for over eighteen years. With the increasing annual total funding, SBIR has attracted more and more applications, and has become one of the most important funding sources of the innovative projects conceptualized by the small and medium businesses in Taiwan. Most of the applicants are OEM/ODM companies with limited resources, and are facing competitions from countries with much cheaper labor costs. The key to success will largely depend on their innovative products and whether they can be more technically advanced. While SBIR plays a very important role in helping the small and medium businesses achieve the above goals, the effectiveness of the program is uncertain before a systematic evaluation is done. Based on the literature on transition management, this paper develops a set of performance indicators for SBIR. A mailing survey on the winners of SBIR projects from 2006 through 2011 was first implemented to measure their perceptions about the program. The author further conducted a number of personal interviews to inquire the opinions of the applicants to clarify the findings of the survey findings. Overall, this research confirms that SBIR does have the effect of motivating businesses to invest in research and development. In addition, a set of procedural elements such as the level of interaction, communication and environmental support are found to be influential to the outcomes of the program.

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40

Hung, Pei-Ying, i 洪佩瑩. "The Transition Process and Tools of Moving Towards a Circular Business Model". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46xu9e.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
環境工程學研究所
106
Circular Business Models (CBM) are receiving increasing attention from the indsutry as well as the academia in these five years when the concept of Circular Economy (CE) is growing globally. The concept and the role of CBM is just shaping, and thus the definition, mechanism, critical successful factors, and the development and evaluation methods and tools have brought a lot of opportunities for exploration. With the booming of CBM, transition guidelines become important for the private sector; as a result, in 2017 British Standard Institute(BSI) has just issued BS 8001 Framework for implementing the principles of the circular economy in organizations – Guide, the world’s first practical framework and guidance of Circular Economy. BS 8001 provides a rather comprehensive framework, integrating project management process, tools and the concept of Circular Economy. Therefore, BS 8001 is widely discussed in this research However, it is not clear how CBM and those tools work together in this transition process. The current roles and functionality of CBMs and the tools are not identified, and neither matched in different stages of the transition process. Hence, this study aims at clarifying the relationship among CBMs and development and evaluation tools in different stages of the CE transition process. The study is to analyze documents and conduct comparative analyses in three sub-topics (1) CBM reports from five international think-tank organizations (2) transition guidelines issued by three researchepublications (3) five tools which are often applied to CBM researches. The result is to map the roles and functions of CBM and tools for different stages and identify the challenges and research gaps in different stages, and finally recommendations to modify BS 8001.

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41

Chen, I.-Chien, i 陳奕謙. "From An Original Equipment Manufacturer to A Brand Owner:The Business Model Transition of C Company". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55137689834552769179.

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碩士
國立臺南大學
經營與管理學系科技管理碩士在職專班
102
This research is aimed at probing into the process of developing from an original design manufacturer to brand owner and the influence of the following six aspects such as asset specificity, transaction uncertainty, frequency of transaction, bounded rationality, opportunism, the dependency of the accumulation of an organization's core competencies upon key resources, and the profitable basis for obtaining the resources for survival and for diversified development of an organization from the points of view of transaction cost, core competencies and resource-based theory. The case study method is used in the research for observing C Company. With 2006 and 2010 as the time point-cuts, three sequential periods are discussed in the research. The research results show that during the OEM period before 2006, branded customers had great influence upon the transaction cost of C Company, causing C Company to change its business model. After 2006, as C Company developed its own brands, used brand owner as its business model, and had close relationship with the related components companies within the group, the transaction cost of C Company was low because it developed on the basis of its own core competencies and highly depended on resources. After 2010, when the business model had changed, the change of the industry trend had influence upon the operating profit of C Company, which forced C Company to develop diversified products.

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42

Lin, Hao-Li, i 林皓昱. "An Insight of the business model transition of a CATV operator from Co-evolution perspective". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48514486824983309090.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
101
Over the last four decades, the high growth of Taiwan''s CATV industry has made it a cardinal business sector and primary supplier of people''s daily entertainment. The legitimacy of “Cable Act” in 1993 not only accelerated billions of investment in network infrastructure and also materialized the debut of many new programs and channels. Subsequently, the wide penetration of CATV subscription also resulted in the prosperity of the mass communication industry as well. Being a semi-public enterprises holding franchise permits from the government, CATV firms enjoyed their monopoly which were naturally evolved in designated geographic areas. Nevertheless, certain status quo has been broke by the maturity of challenging technology such as Internet TV which has offered a competitive service in parallel with CATV operators in recent years. Besides, the accusation of unfair competition owing to the entwining of MSO and channel providers also brought inward the investigation of official authorities in responding to public appeal of anti-monopoly and law changing. This study adopted the view of Co-evolution, which is in conformity with its path and history dependence to collect and sum up data over long period of time. By dividing the evolution of CATV industry and Kbro into four stages following their historical progress, we are able to analyze the inter-influence, feedback and driving forces, as well as their causality among three aspects of enterprise, industry, and environment. Meanwhile, we try to figure out the relationship between market variations and customer needs, explore how enterprises maintain their profitability from the angle of technology limitability and complementary assets, analyze the formation of dynamic capabilities to the best efforts of maintaining corporate growth and competitive advantages. Hence, based on the above to develop a mechanism of how the loop feedback and balance works to consecutively shape adaptive business model during four different stages in responding to the dynamically fast changing surroundings. In order to verify our assumption of the transition of business model while being motivated by co-evolution, we take Kbro as an example to examine its strategies as well as how it reallocates its resources and regenerates the dynamic capabilities in pursuit of corporate growth. All these said analysis lead us to understand the feasibility and continuity of business model. Furthermore, we also come out 5 findings and then suggest how CATV MSO can react to the stagnancy affected by digital convergence. Finally, owing to the unprecedented co-evolution caused by the fusion of different industries, it will be a good topic worthy of keeping observing and analyzing on the emerging threats, impact and future development from academic perspective.

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"The decline of output volatility in China: from central planning to economic transition". 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894381.

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Wang, Boqun.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 35-37).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Acknowledgment --- p.ii
Contents --- p.iii
List of Tables and Figures --- p.iv
Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.v
Chapter 2. --- Literature Review --- p.1
Chapter 2.1. --- Interpretation of the Output Moderation --- p.3
Chapter 3 . --- Reduction of Output Volatility in China --- p.6
Chapter 3.1. --- Data Description --- p.8
Chapter 3.2. --- Basic Statistical Analysis --- p.8
Chapter 3.3 --- Decomposition of the Reduction in Volatility --- p.13
Chapter 3.4. --- Compositional Change --- p.13
Chapter 4. --- Output Volatility Drop from Central-planning to Economic transition…… --- p.15
Chapter 5. --- Output Moderation during the Reform Period --- p.19
Chapter 5.1. --- Conceptual Framework --- p.19
Chapter 5.2. --- General Determinants --- p.19
Chapter 5.2.1. --- China-specific Determinants --- p.22
Chapter 5.3. --- Panel Regression --- p.23
Chapter 5.3.1. --- Without Share --- p.25
Chapter 5.3.2. --- With Share --- p.29
Chapter 5.3.3. --- Interpretation of the Regression Result --- p.33
Chapter 6. --- Conclusion --- p.33
References --- p.35
Figures and Tables --- p.38

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44

Chou, Ying-liang, i 周英亮. "Print Media Business Model in Transition : A Case Study of American Newspapers and Their Paywall Implementations". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vp4ez5.

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碩士
世新大學
傳播管理學研究所(含碩專班)
103
Retrieving the development of the Internet over the past ten years, using the revenue from "free content" and Internet advertising to make up the lost volume of paper has been the mainstream thinking of running a newspaper business. Since the 1990s, the world newspaper business has been creating new revenues from advertising but still not able to cover the huge loss of sales on paper. The character of newspaper is to be transported daily and a short life cycle and causes this media to be in the center of earthquake and facing a serious challenge of revolution. In fact, the newspaper business has been attacked front and rear and is known for as a Sunset Industry. However, in Europe and the US, newspaper business has been transforming since 2012 , which provides a different perspective of revenue for the worldwide newspaper business. The New York Times, for example, has applying a paywall to charge directly from users for different levels of usage since 2012. It seems to start earning profit and miraculously took the industry out of the valley which shrouded in death shadow (Chittum, 2013). Free content has been interpreted as a business model of creative destruction. Imagining an age with the economic downturn and the habit of paid by user has not been established, taking market share is extremely important. However, with the maturing of Internet technology to infiltrate our everyday life as well as the diversifying of content and interactive interface products, the model of earning profit from clicking rate at digital advertisement seems to have much more challenges. The straight question is: who is going to make such diverse content? Who is going to educate advertisers that the express from these new media really works? For the newspaper industry, the obvious topic is: is it possible for readers to pay for looking the content that is designed for the iPad interface? Moreover, does it work when the iPad interface needs to be paid but using the Internet is still free? In US, the newspaper industry introduces a paywall for merely two years and seems to develop a new model with the market. In fact, this new model leads out an extensive thinking to the model of creative destruction which economists mentioned. Moreover, the industry is able to charge users within a short period of time, who is the leader and who is the follower? After all, what kind of collective action that the US newspaper industry applied to start the charging? What is the role for the newspapers management、audience and the advertisers in this coopetition? This study attempts to provide a recommendation for Taiwanese newspaper industry’s self-examination through the revolution of the US newspaper industry. The traditional Taiwanese newspaper industry is going to be knock out by this digital stream if not converting its operating model into digital content. Meanwhile, the paywall, the US newspapers industry created, keep developing different charging methods. In this study, it is expected to develop a profitable model for the traditional newspaper industry through this research of the US newspaper industry. This study is referring to historical data and the information of secondary material from the media press in order to analysis this case study. The fundamental questions is: under what kind of economic, social, and technology, readers would willing to pay for content on the newspaper? Because different newspapers are facing different circumstances, this study includes two kinds of newspaper from each national, local and professional newspapers.

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45

CAO, Feng. "Business model transformation of traditional newspaper industry to OMNI MEDIA". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/15498.

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JEL Classification: M1
The fast development of the information technologies, particularly, the mobile internet, has made a great shock in the traditional newspaper industry. The study of the transformation process of the traditional newspaper industry, for its survival is of great importance. This research tries to understand the mechanisms of change and action during the process of transition from the traditional industry to the omni media. We start by doing the literature review about concepts, such as: omni media, information resources, competitive advantage. We also researched literature related to business models and organizational resources. In this research, we adopted the quantitative method. Based on the literature review we build a questionnaire. We sent the questionnaire to people that works in the industry. We intend to understand the process of transition from traditional industry to the omni media. The innovation of the thesis consists in the fact that is one of the first studies about the problems that affect the traditional newspaper industry and how the transition from the traditional industry to the omni media was done in one of the biggest Chinese newspaper.
O rápido desenvolvimento das tecnologias de informação, em particular da internet móvel, provocou um grande choque da indústria tradicional dos jornais. O estudo do processo de transformação da indústria tradicional dos jornais com vista à sua sobrevivência é de capital importância. Com esta pesquisa tentamos compreender os mecanismos de mudança e ação durante o processo de transição da indústria tradicional para a mídia onipresente. Começamos por proceder á revisão de literatura sobre os seguintes temas; mídia onipresente, recursos de informação, vantagem competitiva. Investigamos também a literatura relacionada com modelos de negócio e recursos organizacionais. Nesta pesquisa adotamos o método quantitativo. Com base na revisão de literatura construímos um questionário que enviamos a pessoas que trabalham na indústria para percebermos o processo de transição da indústria tradicional dos jornais para a mídia onipresente. A inovação desta tese reside no fato de ser um dos primeiros estudos sobre os problemas que afetam a indústria tradicional dos jornais e o modo como a transição da indústria tradicional para a mídia onipresente foi efetuada num dos grandes jornais Chineses

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46

Horta, Pedro Mota Gomes. "Consulting lab for Galp Energia: business model bio LPG and LPG as a support energy". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/131512.

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The energy market is facing challenges ,mainly the energy transition to renewable sources to achieve de carbonization. Galp is the leading company in the LPG market, a segment that expects a constant decline in the next years, due to the incentive to electrification. The main goal of the project is to development the business model of a new product, amore sustainable version of the LPG, creating a competitive advantage in the market, as the pioneer of Bio LPG. In this way, Galp is capable of leveraging its position with a unique and valuable new offer, projecting a greener image of the company. The new value proposition for Bio LPG was created based on the Value Delivery framework, fed by the benchmark on LPG and non-LPG sectors, brainstormed with the Galp's project team and validated through a hypotheses testing. The project's outcomes are the strategic recommendations for the three targets, Bottled LPG, Auto LPG and Bulk LPG, with the respective financial analysis and communication and implementation plan.

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Su, Meng-Jui, i 蘇孟睿. "A Study of the Effect of the Business Indicators on Stock Returns-Approach by Panel Smooth Transition Regression Model". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73762950226023833952.

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碩士
淡江大學
財務金融學系碩士班
99
This study is to investigate the panel smooth transition effect associated with Business Indicators and stock return on the empirical data of listed company in Taiwan Stock Exchange. Utilizing the panel smooth transition regression model developed by Gonza''les, Teräsvirta and van Dijk（2004, 2005）test whether Business Indicators can cause the panel smooth transition effect on stock return. The results show that there is a significant positive effect of size and turnover on stock return during the lowest region where Composite Leading Index is less than 89.21. The positive effect of earning and turnover and significant negative effect of debit and size on stock return when Composite Leading Index is larger than 89.21. The positive effect of size on stock return during the lowest region where Composite Coincident Index is less than 104.1. The positive effect of turnover and negative effect of debit and size on stock return when Composite Leading Index is larger than 104.1. The positive effect of turnover and negative effect of size on stock return during the lowest region where Composite Lagging Index is less than 104.8. The positive effect of size and turnover and negative effect of debit on stock return when Composite Lagging Index is larger than 104.8. The positive effect of size and turnover and significant negative effect of debit on stock return during the lowest region where Monitoring Indicators is less than 17.64. The positive effect of earning, debit and turnover and negative effect of size on stock return when Monitoring Indicators is larger than 17.64. Therefore, suggesting that we can reference more information about the Business Indicators and financial side, investors can refer to this conclusion to control their own investment portfolio and develop appropriate investment strategies.

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Shih, Tsai-Chen, i 施采辰. "Dynamic Business Models of Taiwan's Textile Industry in Transition Periods: A Case Study of Everest Textile Co., Ltd". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m5467d.

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碩士
國立臺南大學
經營與管理學系科技管理碩士班
103
In the past, Taiwan's textile industry has seen better days, as was the main source of foreign exchange earnings. However, resulting in Taiwan's textile manufacturers have migrated and Taiwan's textile industry has been called a sunset industry because of policy and cost factors. Nowadays or these days, many Taiwan’s manufacturers become major suppliers of functional fabrics. It is driven by the success of Taiwan's textile industry’s transformation, and actively establishing its own brand. This study investigates processes of Everest Textile Co., Ltd in transition periods by a single case. Using the business model canvas and causal feedback loops to show the business model and development of innovation in each phase. Then use the concept of customer-oriented to explore the development of manufacturer’s own brand. The research results indicate that Everest Textile Co., Ltd in each transition periods is using technical standards as a base that becomes a strong backing of its own brand. In the development process, Everest Textile Co., Ltd has gradually the thinking of open innovation. It contributes to create the competitive advantage. However, the clothing brand still has the space for growth, and needs to integrate into the clothing market in general or to enter new markets, in order to expand the brand value. Finally, hoping the results of this study can provide others in the industry as a reference to the operating principle.

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49

Xu, Wan. "Employment and Business Establishment Growth in the Appalachian Region, 2000-2008: An Application of Smooth Transition Spatial Autoregressive Models". 2011. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1039.

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Industry clusters can be important components of regional development. The effects of industry clusters on growth typically vary across geography, which has implications for targeted development strategies. Employment and business establishment growth in the Appalachian region (2000 – 2008) was regressed on industry cluster concentration indexes controlling for local determinants. The hypothesis that local response to growth determinants is geographically heterogeneous was tested using Smooth Transition spatial process models. This class of models exhibiting regime switching behavior is useful for identifying regional clusters, providing another tool for exploring relationships between geographical determinants and economic growth.

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50

Lu, Chien-Te, i 盧建德. "Business Model and Strategy Analysis of the Transition from IC Design to Application Solution - A Case Study of Flash Provider P- Company". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99512485146135974933.

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碩士
國立清華大學
工業工程與工程管理學系
100
Business Model and Strategy Analysis of the Transition from IC Design to Application Solution - A Case Study of Flash Provider P- Company Student： Chien-Te Lu Advisor： Dr. Yee-Yeen Chu Abstract The application products of NAND Flash were spreading over the whole 3C industries in the past decade (2000-2010), which focused on the consumer market, like the USB drivers and Flash memory cards. The case firm started with pure flash controller IC design position in 2000, then created and captured market value of the defective quality NAND Flash ICs. Very soon, also targeted as a NAND Flash total solution provider, the case firm offered system and ODM/OEM services for the major retail brand names. The case firm developed the core competence, flash controller IC design and application system integration, through the open business model, join-venture with the first well-know international brand to new start an eMMC company for the emerging mobile storage market. The research analyzed the case firm which changed from a close innovation in the beginning to the open innovation and differentiated open business model. Integrated the innovation flows and business models, case firm also modified strategy dynamically to adapt to the market status changes. To develop the open business model as an adaptive platform, the case firm kept on extending the core competence and key resource to dominate an indispensable position of the value chain. This research concluded that business model and strategy need to include the following key factors when transition from IC design to application solution. First, a firm should try to proceed in a virtuous business cycle while establishing an open platform business model. Second, the firm could try to create quality ICs market value through the design and system firmware core competence. Third, the firm could collaborate with up-and-down stream firms through some leverage power to sell the IC application end products which enlarge revenue and optimize sales margin. Fourth, for the emerging industry (like the mobile storage devices), the firm could try to establish joint-ventures with complementary firms for the new market. Keywords：Open Innovation, Open Business Model, Mobile Storage Device and NAND Flash controller.

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