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1
Barnhart, Tim. "Save the Bureaucrats (While Reinventing Them)". Public Personnel Management 26, nr 1 (marzec 1997): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609702600102.
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This article argues that each and every federal agency serves one customer — the American public— and that agencies learn about that customer from the top down, through the political process and the laws and regulations emulating from that process. For this reason, the bureaucracy is an essential ingredient in the management of federal agencies. The National Performance Review's assertion that bureaucrats are unnecessary and get in the way of line managers and employees misses the mark. Bureaucrats are at the very core of government. Properly conceived, they are the public's customer representatives, working to make sure agencies are managed in accordance with the public interest. Reinventing the bureaucracy may be a good idea, but eliminating it or weakening could be a terrible idea, making agencies even less responsive to the public's needs. Some key suggestions for how the bureaucracy can be improved are offered including: constantly improve the bureaucracy's rules, flatten the organizational structure, build partnerships with others outside the bureaucracy, use expert systems, and reengineer rule-based processes. Professionals in the federal bureaucracy — including human resource management professionals — are currently being challenged to demonstrate why they are needed. This article provides a clear, logical argument supporting the importance of the bureaucracy.
2
O’Connor, Karl. "What are the ideas and motivations of bureaucrats within a religiously contested society?" International Review of Administrative Sciences 83, nr 1 (10.07.2016): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852315574996.
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This article reports research on bureaucrat behaviour. Where discretion exists, do primary associations such as religious, gender or racial identity guide behaviour or are these associations superseded by secondary learned professional or technocratic attachments? Using the theoretical lens of representative bureaucracy and Q methodology to investigate bureaucrat role perceptions, two distinct bureaucrat typologies are identified in Belfast. The evidence demonstrates that an elite-level bureaucrat may actively represent his or her own professional interests or, alternatively, may seek out and actively represent the interests of the political elite as a collective. The findings have implications for representative bureaucracy research as it is demonstrated that an elite-level bureaucrat may actively represent something other than a primary identity. This contribution also provides a useful insight into everyday life within a bureau of a successful power-sharing system of governance. Points for practitioners Politicians and bureaucrats from Northern Ireland are perpetually being invited to ‘teach the lessons’ of their power-sharing experience. This article highlights the importance of the elite-level bureaucrat in sustaining power-sharing regimes and provides an empirical basis for those seeking to draw on the Northern Ireland experience of conflict management and post-conflict governance.
3
Baum, Jeeyang Rhee. "Breaking Authoritarian Bonds: The Political Origins of the Taiwan Administrative Procedure Act". Journal of East Asian Studies 5, nr 3 (grudzień 2005): 365–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800002046.
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Taiwan recently adopted a series of administrative reform laws designed to make the bureaucracy more transparent and allow public participation in regulatory policies. Because administrative reform limits the executive's power, it is clear why legislatures would favor strict administrative procedures. But it is less clear why presidents would support them. The passage of these laws begs the question why presidents support administrative procedural reforms designed to restrict their abilities to act freely. I argue that in Taiwan, President Lee Teng-hui's control of his party deteriorated as factional disputes within his own party increased over time. Lee ultimately concluded that the Kuomintang's political survival depended on major reforms. Consequently, the status quo-oriented bureaucracy—hitherto an important source of support for Lee and his key constituencies—became an impediment. Lee supported Taiwan's Administrative Procedure Act in order to reduce the bureaucracy's capacity to impede reform. More generally, I argue that administrative procedures designed to open up the bureaucracy to the public, including previously excluded groups, can serve politicians' goal of redirecting the bureaucracy. Archival data, secondary sources, and interviews with key presidential advisers, senior career bureaucrats, and politicians support my argument.
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Febrianti, Yuliana Keke, Zahra Malinda Putri i Adhyatma Wikrama Maheswara. "Bureaucracy and Government". Constitutionale 3, nr 1 (30.06.2022): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/constitutionale.v3i1.2534.
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The purpose of this paper is that the author tries to explain the concept of bureaucracy and government. In addition, the author also describes the differences between bureaucracy and government in terms of definition, theory, and task. This paper also aims to discuss the position of the bureaucracy in the trias politica system where there is a classification of power, namely the executive, legislative and judiciary. Then, this paper will lead to the administration and implementation of public services. The conclusion from this paper is that government and bureaucracy are two different things and bureaucracy can become its own entity outside of the executive, legislative and judiciary and those in charge of providing public services are the bureaucrats, not the government, although actually bureaucrats and government have different roles in responsibility to deliver public service.
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Ngusmanto, Ngusmanto. "Pilkada 2015 and Patronage Practice among Bureaucrat in West Kalimantan, Indonesia". Asian Social Science 12, nr 9 (25.08.2016): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n9p236.
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<p>Majority studies on electoral dynamics in Indonesia are reinforce patronage as a pattern of relationships between candidates, winning team, and voters. One of winning team element which have little attention from scholars is bureaucrat. Although, normatively, bureaucrats are required to neutral in all type of general election, but in fact bureaucrats is very involved deeply in general elections. Based on empirical research in Sintang District and Ketapang District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, we found that bureaucrats have a significant role as a winning team in <em>pilkada</em> (direct election for local leader). Patronage is a keyword to explain political relation between bureaucrats and candidate in <em>pilkada</em>. This situation was triggered by the fact that there are many candidates who have social background as civil servant and, consequently, have direct access to bureaucracy. Bureaucrats have high motivation to participate in <em>pilkada</em> as a broker due to protecting their vested interest. In our cases, the vested interest of bureaucrat is career stability which is promising additional personal revenue and social status. Consequently, staffing (circulation of position) within bureaucracy does not followed by auction mechanism (merit system), but following nepotism mechanism (spoil system). The winner of <em>pilkada</em> is socially pressured to accommodate all bureaucrats who has become their winning team. Finally, we discuss our finding and propose future agenda research to understanding this phenomenon. </p>
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Satkunanandan, Shalini. "Bureaucratic Passions". Law, Culture and the Humanities 15, nr 1 (29.11.2015): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1743872115614801.
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In order to have a more nuanced conversation about the role and size of government, we should attend to our diverse passional experiences of bureaucracy. We overlook our affective experience of bureaucracy in our usual focus on bureaucracy’s impersonality and passionless rule and on cost-benefit analyses of individual regulations. To the extent that we consider bureaucracy’s passional effects, bureaucracy is cast as something that saps passion – understood as energy and vigor – from our lives. Attention to the variety of passional experiences of bureaucracy reveals neglected and salutary aspects of life within and under the shadow of bureaucracy. For example, particular bureaucratic affects are arguably a pedagogy in the realities, compromises and burdens of politics, and may enhance – in desirable ways – our solidarity with those who share our polity.
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Mendy, Ousu. "Ethics and Accountability in Government Bureaucracy". Pancasila and Law Review 4, nr 2 (24.10.2023): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/plr.v4i2.3064.
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For the past few years, a contentious issue of accountability among government bureaucrats has remained as topical as it is relevant to governance. This research brings in an exposition of the role of ethics in ensuring accountability among government bureaucrats as animated by transparency. To realize this, a normative research method is used through secondary data. Relevant literature like books and journals are sufficiently used to paint out the existing and prevailing circumstances in government bureaucracy. Accountability is one of the tools in controlling ethical conduct of government bureaucrats. There are instances of purported power abuse made in public service, showing government bureaucracy’s disregard for ethical standards. The question of whether the state, as sovereign, should be held accountable to anyone or viewed as a moral and responsible agent has been well debated in political science literature going all the way back to Hobbes’ time. Accountability is achievable by presenting multiple and dynamic accountability obligations to administrators and low-level bureaucrats. An institutional approach questions principal-agent assumptions regarding what accountability entails, how it is demanded, rendered, evaluated, and assigned, as well as how accountable institutions function and change.
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Palls, Aswin. "THE INFLUENCE OF BUREAUCRATIC PATHOLOGY ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN E-KTP SERVERS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF POPULATION AND CIVIL REGISTRATION OF BANDUNG CITY". Journal of Economic Empowerment Strategy (JEES) 3, nr 2 (31.08.2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30740/jees.v3i2.78.
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Bureaucratic pathology is a disease in the state bureaucracy arising from the behavior of bureaucrats and conditions that open up opportunities for it, both concerning political, economic, social cultural and technological. The role of the bureaucracy as the implementor of political policy, or in other words the bureaucracy as the organizer of the government, the pathology of the bureaucracy can be interpreted as a problem or problem that occurs in the administration of government due to the performance of the bureaucracy is not able to meet public needs properly. Bureaucratic pathology can be manifested in the inability of political officials in the executive (elected because of political mandate) or the issue of the performance of elected public officials, namely officials in the bureaucracy who occupy positions due to political processes, or because the performance of administrative leaders, namely career bureaucrats who occupy career positions in the bureaucracy. Or the bureaucracy itself as an institution, or government agents or bureaucrats who are unable to provide public satisfaction. With the advent of bureaucratic diseases in the organizational structure it becomes a major influence in service. In addition there is still discrimination in services or differences in services, including services for making E-KTP provided by officers to the public. The level of staff response or skills that are still low, needs to be further improved and is important in influencing the level of community satisfaction where the service is fair and without differentiating the status and position supported by the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure in administrative services.
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Bierschenk, Thomas, i Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan. "How to study bureaucracies ethnographically?" Critique of Anthropology 39, nr 2 (16.04.2019): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x19842918.
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We propose a short epistemological and methodological reflection on the challenges of doing ethnographical research on public services (‘bureaucracies’) from the inside. We start from the recognition of the double face of bureaucracy, as a form of domination and oppression as well as of protection and liberation, and all the ambivalences this dialectic entails. We argue that, in classical Malinowskian fashion, the anthropology of bureaucracy should take bureaucrat as the ‘natives’, and acknowledge their agency. This means adopting basic anthropological postures: the natives (i.e. the bureaucrats) must have good reasons for their seemingly ‘absurd’ (or arbitrary) practices, once you understand the context in which they act. Based on intensive fieldwork and understanding ethnography as a form of grounded-theory production, to explore this ‘rationality in context’ of bureaucrats should be a major research objective. As in day-to-day intra-organisational practice and in internal interactions between bureaucrats, state bureaucracies function largely as any other modern organisation, the anthropology of bureaucracy does not differ that much from the anthropology of organisations. One of the major achievements of the latter has been to focus on the dialectics of formal organisation and real practices, official regulations and informal norms in organisations ‘at work’. This focus on informal practices, pragmatic rules and practical norms provides the main justification for the utilisation of ethnographic methods. In fact, it is difficult to see how informal norms and practices could be studied otherwise, as ethnography is the only methodology to deal with the informal and the unexpected.
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Hafidz, Jawade. "AN ETHICAL AND AN INTELLIGENT BUREAUCRATIC LAW REFORM". Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 7, nr 3 (30.12.2020): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v7i3.13579.
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Bureaucracy and the law are two forces that must go hand in hand. Bureaucratic disregard the law when it goes limp bureaucratic system with no force because the bureaucratic system will not run when the law was abandoned. Bureaucracy in indonesia often look weak in a system. First rampant corruption in the bureaucracy is the main cause of dishonesty (actor) bureaucrats in understanding the nature of law. Breaking effects and misusing the mandate. Second, in our country as chaotic bureaucracy therein lies stagnation and the legal system in force when the bureaucracy that must be realized in accordance with the function and social role as a servant of the state. The third in the current law is enforced through a reformulation bureaucracy or bureaucratic reforms therein lies the role of bureaucracy is no longer comply with the law. Presence of bureaucracy in addition to be honest and transparent with the legal ethics bureaucracy is needed. Ethics is important in the bureaucracy. First, the existing problems in the bureaucracy becoming increasingly complex. Second, the success of development that has improved the dynamics and pace of change in the bureaucratic environment. Bureaucracy perform adjustment which requires discretionary power great.
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Höpfl, Harro M. "Post‐bureaucracy and Weber's “modern” bureaucrat". Journal of Organizational Change Management 19, nr 1 (styczeń 2006): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09534810610643659.
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Nisar, Muhammad Azfar, i Ayesha Masood. "Dealing with disgust: Street-level bureaucrats as agents of Kafkaesque bureaucracy". Organization 27, nr 6 (6.11.2019): 882–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508419883382.
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Bureaucracy is deeply implicated in the biopolitical regimes that create and render invisible social waste—individuals classified as abnormal, deviant, or useless—in contemporary societies. According to previous theorists, bureaucracy is able to carry out this critical task through moral distance and reliance on technical efficiency. By specifically focusing on street-level bureaucrats, a unique tier of bureaucracy which is often afforded neither moral distance nor clear directions, this article explains the microprocesses of classification, managing and recycling through which social waste management is carried out in contemporary society. In doing so, this article highlights that in addition to official policies, informal factors like social, organizational, and group norms are critical determinants of bureaucratic behavior in front-line organizations and problematize some of the key assumptions of Weberian bureaucracy. Unlike functional interpretations, we argue that, in some instances, the informal factors influencing street-level bureaucrats are more regressive than official public policies and help explain some of the dystopian features of contemporary bureaucracy and its impact on social inequity.
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Miah, Hanif. "Post-Colonial State and Bureaucracy in Bangladesh: Theoretical Understanding". International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 7 (wrzesień 2013): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.7.43.
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Bureaucracy is the management apparatus of a state administration. Even in private sector, bureaucratic organization is very much essential for its smooth functioning and betterment. A legalized domination of bureaucracy only can ensure highest efficiency of an organization in a country. But the state bureaucracy of Bangladesh not developed legally from Pre-colonial period to post-colonial phase as well as an independent Bangladesh eventually. The state bureaucracy of Bangladesh is patrimonial in nature based on personal interests. The politicians and bureaucrats are interdependent in various manners for the fulfillment of their purpose illegally in Democratic Bangladesh. Simultaneously, the impact of militarism still exists in state bureaucracy of Bangladesh as it faced military rule in several times.
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Cole, Richard. "When Gods Become Bureaucrats". Harvard Theological Review 113, nr 2 (kwiecień 2020): 186–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816020000048.
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AbstractEven gods are not always above bureaucracy. Societies very different from each other have entertained the idea that the heavens might be arranged much like an earthly bureaucracy, or that mythological beings might exercise their power in a way that makes them resembles bureaucrats. The best-known case is the Chinese “celestial bureaucracy,” but the idea is also found in (to take nearly random examples) Ancient Near Eastern cosmology, the Hebrew Bible, Late Antiquity, and modern popular culture. The primary sources discussed in this essay pertain to an area of history where bureaucracy was historically underdeveloped, namely medieval Scandinavia. Beginning with the Glavendrup runestone from the 900s, I examine a way of thinking about divine power that seems blissfully bureaucracy-free. Moving forwards in time to Adam of Bremen’s description of the temple at Uppsala (1040s–1070s), I find traces of a tentative, half-formed bureaucracy in the fading embers of Scandinavian paganism. In the 1220s, well into the Christian era, I find Snorri Sturluson concocting a version of Old Norse myth which proposes a novel resolution between the non-bureaucratic origins of his mythological corpus and the burgeoning bureacratization of High Medieval Norway. Although my focus is on medieval Scandinavia, transhistorical comparisons are frequently drawn with mythological bureaucrats from other times and places. In closing, I synthesise this comparative material with historical and anthropological theories of the relationship between bureaucracy and the divine.
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Zakharova, Aleksandra, i Alexandra Martynenko. "On Leviathan’s Tail: Anthropological Studies of Bureaucracy and Bureaucrats". Antropologicheskij forum 19, nr 59 (grudzień 2023): 11–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2023-19-59-11-47.
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This article precedes a selection of papers written as a result of the seminar on the anthropology of bureaucracy in modern Russia. The text offers a brief overview of the development of research into bureaucracy, where studies are mainly made in a polemic with Max Weber’s model of the “ideal” bureaucracy. It considers the most significant works that preceded the emergence of an interest in bureaucracy on the part of social scientists, written in the fields of political science and sociology and united by the method of participant observation. The authors pay attention to the difficulties in distinguishing the anthropology of bureaucracy as an independent field, which, on the one hand, is integrated into political anthropology and on the other hand, tends towards the social studies of professions. The article suggests understanding the anthropology of bureaucracy primarily as a certain viewpoint focusing on how management is implemented and how the “state” is reproduced and felt within bureaucratic institutions. The authors distinguish several popular areas in the field of social research into bureaucracy: critical works analyzing primarily the structural violence of bureaucrats against citizens through client classifications, bureaucratic arbitrariness, etc.; works that focus on the moral and affective aspect of bureaucracy, including the moral dilemmas of employees and their feelings; works devoted to the material world of bureaucracy, where documents become important participants in social interaction; research on the experience of interaction with bureaucracy as a client. In addition, the article provides an overview of existing studies (mainly) of the street-level Russian bureaucracy, performed using anthropological methods within the boundaries of different disciplines.
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Dumbliauskas, Vytautas, i Adas Jakubauskas. "Relacje między politykami a biurokratami: W. Wilson, M. Weber, J. Schumpeter". Themis Polska Nova 7, nr 2 (2014): 80–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/tpn2014.2.06.
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A. Farazmand identifies three approaches towards relationship between politicians and bureaucrats in contemporary academic discussion. The first approach holds the idea of total control of bureaucracy by elected politicians. The second approach rejects dichotomy of politics-administration, and speaks for the twofold role of bureaucracy, both political and administrative. The third approach treats the high level bureaucrats as possessing certain autonomy vis-ą-vis politicians. The aim of the article is to demonstrate that already the early researchers of relationship between politicians and bureaucrats provided different explanation of their roles. In order to ensure effectiveness of public administration, W. Wilson separated administration and politics. M. Weber showed the dark side of administrative effectiveness – bureaucratization of public life, which can be controlled only by charismatic political leadership. J. Schumpeter pointed to the negative side of competition among such charismatic leaders, that is, decrease of administrative effectiveness. Therefore, he claimed that democratic government has to rely upon professional bureaucracy, which is sufficiently strong and independent.The article proposes a twofold explanation of these divergent approaches. First, it can be explained by variety of parliamentary systems, which is determined by differing executive-legislative linkage. On of the extreme cases of such linkage is premiership of cabinet system, where the executive power dominates vis-ą-vis parliament. Such case could explain the approach (by M. Weber), according to which charismatic political leaders, who proved their capabilities during the party competition, could and should rule the systems of bureaucratic administration. Another extreme case – the French type assembly government – could explain the approach (by J. Schumpeter) that bureaucracy should be strong and independent, which could advice or even prescribe politicians, engaged into competition, which forces to care not about the effectiveness of state administration but the political value of administrative decisions. Second, the explanation of different approaches concerning the role of politicians and bureaucrats may by related to the fact that societies seek to have both politically responsive and professionally responsible bureaucracy. The aim of politically responsive bureaucracy rests on the understanding of the importance of political leadership in liberal democracies and its relationship with the state bureaucracy. This aim is expressed by M. Weber. Another aim comes from the understanding that implementation of public policy, formulated by politicians, depends on the professionalism of bureaucracy and its responsibility. This aim is articulated by J. Schumpeter.
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Safdar, Muhammad. "Administrative Issues and Reforms in the Bureaucracy of Pakistan: An Analytical Study". Global Social Sciences Review VI, nr I (30.03.2021): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(vi-i).31.
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This article highlights the nature of governance in bureaucracy in Pakistan during various regimes. The bureaucracy involved itself in politics and ignored the golden sayings of Quaid-i-Azam, which led it to face various sociopolitical and administrative issues and problems. Bureaucrats sense of primacy resulted in the politicization of bureaucracy. This intervention, as a result, led to decay, arbitrary decision-making, corruption, kickback culture and lack of accountability, etc. This study attempts to present various issues and problems faced by the bureaucracy of Pakistan and suggests reforms to minimize them so that the cherished goal of a developed Pakistan in the 21st century may be achieving.
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Hassani, Mahyar, Ataollah Rafiei Atani, Mohammad Reza Hamidizadeh i Mahdi Abdolhamid. "An alternative form of bureaucracy; the operational framework of the city’s governing authority". Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 8, nr 5 (28.04.2024): 4278. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i5.4278.
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Background: The background and objectives of the research revolve around bureaucracy as a classic form of the modern division of labor, with Max Weber acknowledging its inevitability. However, the objective implications of the bureaucracy’s iron cage are evident in governance and management experiences. The mayors of Tehran’s districts exemplify how Iranian culture interacts with bureaucracy. This research seeks to establish principles and governance for district governors using an alternative bureaucracy, parallel to conventional bureaucracy. Methods: The methods employed include twenty strategically selected interviews, considering age, municipal area, and work experience for maximum variance. Grounded theory methodology, specifically the approach by Anselm Strauss and Barney Glaser, guides the research, employing open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. MaxQDA 2020 software enhances the qualitative data analysis, facilitating organization, coding, and collaboration within the research team. Results: Findings indicate “inevitable violations” as a common starting point for interviewees, leading to three axes: “preconditions,” “objectives,” and “strategies and mechanisms” of alternative bureaucracy. In conclusion, breaking through bureaucracy becomes necessary for governors to act. Alternative bureaucracy, rooted in experience yet considering the bureaucratic field, requires transcendent goals. Hybridity and ethical principles are crucial when transitioning from conventional bureaucracy to the alternative in urban governance.
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Wandi, Wandi, i Ahmad Rifa'i. "Reinventing Hubungan Birokrasi dan Politik dalam Mewujudkan Hubungan Industrial yang Berkeadilan di Indonesia: Suatu Kajian". J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 5, nr 1 (15.04.2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v5i1.156.
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Reinventing bureaucracy and politics must accommodate the tendency of bureaucratic political behavior. In short, public bureaucracy must be declared a political actor. As political actors, bureaucracy must not be neutral. He must increase the intensity of his involvement in the political process. However, the involvement of the public bureaucracy is not only oriented towards pursuing group profits solely. The involvement of bureaucracy in the political process and the bureaucracy's neutrality is the bureaucratic alignment of public interests such as economic progress, social justice, human rights, gender equality, and so on. Pancasila Industrial Relations as stated above can not be separated from the bureaucratic and political relations in a nation, therefore, it is important to do Reinventing Bureaucratic and Political Relations in realizing the democratization of industrial relations with justice in accordance with the values of Pancasila itself, namely by carrying out the Order Good governance.
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Hinnebusch, Raymond A. "Bureaucracy and Development in Syria:". Journal of Asian and African Studies 24, nr 1-2 (1989): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685217-90007224.
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This article examines the Syrian bureaucracy through a case study of its role in agricultural development. It analyses the degree of technocratic rationality imparted to agrarian policy, the effectiveness of the bureaucracy in carrying out agricultural policy, the beneficial role of the bureaucracy for the agrarian economy and the peasantry, and the political consequences of the Syrian bureaucracy's role in agriculture. It also indicates that while senior public officials play a role in shaping agrarian policy, this role is in turn shaped by Ba'thist ideology and a political structure that vests control over high policy in the Presidency and the ruling party and not in the ministerial bureaucracy. This arrangement influences agricultural planning, administrative leadership, and patronage politics. This paper concludes that despite the flaws that afflict the agrarian apparatus, the Syrian bureaucracy has put in place development programs of great benefit to agriculture.
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Rani, Faisal. "Peran Birokrasi Dalam PenempatanTenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) di Luar Negeri". Nakhoda: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan 11, nr 1 (23.10.2013): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35967/jipn.v11i1.1612.
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The goal of this observation is to discuss the problem of bureaucrat’s role in protectingimmigrant labor that is sent to the foreign country. The problem of Immigrant labor becomesunsolved problem. This problem becomes the attention of all sides from pre-departure, departureuntil arrival in the country where they work. Bureaucrat through the place of bureaucracy hasimportant role in solving this problem. In this writing, the writer wants to suggest the idea aboutthe role of bureaucracy for protecting Immigrant labor in the foreign country.Key word: Bureaucracy, Immigrant labor, Foreign Policy
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Leier, Mark. "Which Side Are They On?" International Review of Social History 36, nr 3 (grudzień 1991): 412–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000110703.
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The debate over the labour bureaucracy has changed considerably since Robert Michels first argued that oligarchy was inevitable whenever humans organized. Recent work has tended to play down the notion of the labour bureaucracy as a body distinct from, and often in opposition to, the rank and file. Indeed, in the pages of this journal, Jonathan Zeitlin has maintained that “no clear line can be drawn between trade union officials and the ‘rank and file’”. Carrying this argument to its logical conclusion Zeitlin has urged that the “‘rank and filist’ paradigm is fundamentally unsatisfactory and should be abandoned rather than further refined”. Though others would not push the revisionist argument this far, the general tendency has been to agree that the earlier generalizations were over-blown and that it is difficult to distinguish between bureaucrats and members. Many of Zeitlin's earlier opponents now appear to be nearly indistinguishable from him, and few argue that the interests of the labour leadership differ in any important degree from those of the rank and file. I believe, however, that the reports of the demise of the labour bureaucrat have been somewhat exaggerated. This paper will argue that though the argument needs to be re-formulated, the paradigm of the labour bureaucracy remains a useful one. Such a reformulation must shift the focus from differences of ideology separating the leaders from the members and instead must turn to an analysis of the power relationship between the two. This paper will trace the recent twists and turns in the debate and will suggest ways in which it is possible to view the labour bureaucracy as a distinct layer of the union movement.
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Dabingaya, Marianus. "Frontline Employee Organizational Behavior based on street level bureaucracy reviews". Interdisciplinary Journal Papier Human Review 1, nr 1 (30.08.2020): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47667/ijphr.v1i1.5.
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This article discusses organizational behavior is the result of interactions between individuals in an organization. The reality of public administration in a 'street level' bureaucracy is that it cannot operate hierarchically because the agency has to rely on street-level bureaucrats to provide services. The orientation of street level bureaucracy towards regulations and procedures is very high and makes it a barometer of service which results in low ability of street level bureaucracy to respond to changes, lack of initiative and development of creativity in controlling change so that routine is considered something normal. Understanding human behavior is a difficult thing because every human being as an individual has different behavior. Street-level bureaucrats have so much discretion that the problem is found in a lack of accountability either to the wider community, to management, or to clients.
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Brierley, Sarah, Kenneth Lowande, Rachel Augustine Potter i Guillermo Toral. "Bureaucratic Politics: Blind Spots and Opportunities in Political Science". Annual Review of Political Science 26, nr 1 (15.06.2023): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-061621-084933.
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Bureaucracy is everywhere. Unelected bureaucrats are a key link between government and citizens, between policy and implementation. Bureaucratic politics constitutes a growing share of research in political science. But the way bureaucracy is studied varies widely, permitting theoretical and empirical blind spots as well as opportunities for innovation. Scholars of American politics tend to focus on bureaucratic policy making at the national level, while comparativists often home in on local implementation by street-level bureaucrats. Data availability and professional incentives have reinforced these subfield-specific blind spots over time. We highlight these divides in three prominent research areas: the selection and retention of bureaucratic personnel, oversight of bureaucratic activities, and opportunities for influence by actors external to the bureaucracy. Our survey reveals how scholars from the American and comparative politics traditions can learn from one another.
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Emrus, Emrus. "Keterbukaan Komunikasi pada Pelayanan Prima". Jurnal ULTIMA Comm 3, nr 2 (1.12.2011): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/ultimacomm.v3i2.200.
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Bureaucracy Service Excellence (PPB) is one of the crucial factors to push forward the progress of a certain state. State progress is reflected in the standard of bureaucracy service towards its people. Correlatively, the more developed the state, the more quality its bureaucracy service. As a matter of fact, poor countries often show their bureaucracy service as below the minimum standard. Meanwhile, developing countries demonstrate their bureaucracy service in line with minimum standard. The bureaucracy service above minimum standard is shown by highly developed countries. Knowing this fact, improving public service is a must for most government, especially during reformation era and public information transparency regime occurred recently in Indonesia. To achieve this feat, reforming bureaucracy administration is a goal to score for the sake of citizens’ wellbeing and a greater happiness for society. This means that bureaucrats should be ready to serve people by all means, and not vice versa. The true leader is one who proudly walks on the path of service. Essentially, bureaucracy service excellence (PPB) aims at empowering citizens to fully involve in various activities of state building. PPB, in turn, will nurture society’s trust toward its government. Consequently, this social trust will motivate people to actively participate in every development planning of the government to finally boost economic growth. In order to manifest those beliefs, it takes open communication as the main tools for increasing service excellence.
Keywords: Service excellence, Bureaucracy, Social Trust, Progress, Participation.
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Emrus, Emrus. "Keterbukaan Komunikasi pada Pelayanan Prima". Jurnal ULTIMA Comm 4, nr 2 (1.08.2012): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/ultimacomm.v4i2.210.
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Bureaucracy Service Excellence (PPB) is one of the crucial factors to push forward the progress of a certain state. State progress is reflected in the standard of bureaucracy service towards its people. Correlatively, the more developed the state, the more quality its bureaucracy service. As a matter of fact, poor countries often show their bureaucracy service as below the minimum standard. Meanwhile, developing countries demonstrate their bureaucracy service in line with minimum standard. The bureaucracy service above minimum standard is shown by highly developed countries. Knowing this fact, improving public service is a must for most government, especially during reformation era and public information transparency regime occurred recently in Indonesia. To achieve this feat, reforming bureaucracy administration is a goal to score for the sake of citizens’ wellbeing and a greater happiness for society. This means that bureaucrats should be ready to serve people by all means, and not vice versa. The true leader is one who proudly walks on the path of service. Essentially, bureaucracy service excellence (PPB) aims at empowering citizens to fully involve in various activities of state building. PPB, in turn, will nurture society’s trust toward its government. Consequently, this social trust will motivate people to actively participate in every development planning of the government to finally boost economic growth. In order to manifest those beliefs, it takes open communication as the main tools for increasing service excellence.
Key words: Service excellence, Bureaucracy, Social Trust, Progress, Participation.
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Johansyah, Olan Nur Rakhmat, Andi Yakub i Gustiana Anwar Kambo. "Praktik Sosial-Politik Birokrasi Pemerintahan dalam Pemilukada di Indonesia: Perspektif Teori Strukturasi". Palita: Journal of Social Religion Research 8, nr 1 (8.04.2023): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24256/pal.v8i1.3659.
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The expectation of reform for the bureaucracy remains neutral in elections and still encounters structural conflicts inherent in the bureaucracy as an agency. In the context of local politics, the government bureaucracy plays a crucial role in influencing the results of the regional elections. This article employs Anthony Giddens' theory of structuration to examine the strategic behaviour of the Indonesian government bureaucracy in regional elections. The data collection method used in this study was literature research, which aimed to gather data and information using various materials available in the library. The results of this study found that the bureaucracy involved in regional elections is at the level of discursive and practical consciousness, which originates from the bureaucracy's ability to reflect on itself and monitor similar practices in broader space and time. Integrating space and time in social practices is fundamental in observing agents' actions in interacting with the structure. The room and time of the regional elections are closely related to the space and time of governance.
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Mueller, Hannes. "Insulation or Patronage: Political Institutions and Bureaucratic Efficiency". B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 15, nr 3 (1.07.2015): 961–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2013-0084.
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Abstract This article presents a model of political insulation of bureaucracies. Political influence can harm competence because it lowers the incentives of bureaucrats to invest in competence. Politicians then want to adopt institutions that insulate the bureaucracy because this establishes a commitment to reward competence. Political leaders insulate the bureaucracy if public good provision is important compared to rent extraction or when political competition forces the political elite to internalize the welfare loss caused by patronage. Through this channel political reforms can lead to reforms of the bureaucracy. The theoretical findings are illustrated with existing empirical studies and data on central bank independence.
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Hardenta, Alif Duta. "The Regional Government Leaders Ambiguous Position and Political Influence in Indonesia’s Civil Servant Management". South-East Asian Journal of Advanced Law and Governance (SEAJ ALGOV) 1, nr 1 (30.04.2024): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/seajalgov.v1i1.10153.
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The regional government leaders in civil state management and bureaucracy in post-Reform Indonesia positioned as both leader in regional political power, while on the other hand they also had the power as the administrator of civil service management and its bureaucracy. This study aims to analyse on the impact of this authority as mandated by the laws in autonomy and regional governance on civil servant management. This is a normative legal research article. The literature review gathers information from document, reference and regulatory analysis. The data analysed qualitatively and presented descriptively. This article sums up that the regional government leader’s political authority created a phenomenon where there are imbalances and dependencies between the relationship of bureaucracy and political power in regional governance. The progress of this governance relationship also showed flaw in bureaucracy, where the bureaucrats and officials are vulnerable into subjective and political issues that might affect the quality of public services performed. The relationship between bureaucrats and regional leaders as political nevertheless created the occurrence of civil servant management laws violations, especially against the merit system and open job promotions. These cases of violations happened in several regional government on different occasions.
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Capers, K. Jurée, i Candis W. Smith. "Race, Ethnicity, and Immigration: Assessing the Link between Passive and Active Representation for Foreign-Born Clients". Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 31, nr 4 (16.04.2021): 704–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muab009.
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Abstract Representative bureaucracy scholars contend that clients are likely to experience greater benefits and more positive policy outcomes from public agencies when bureaucrats share salient demographic characteristics. Despite the large body of evidence that shows a link between passive and active representation, much of the extant representative bureaucracy literature rests on an assumption of group homogeneity. However, racial groups have a great deal of heterogeneity among them, particularly due to immigration patterns. One-fifth of Black Americans have ties to some other country, thus allowing us to leverage heterogeneity among this group to examine who most effectively represents foreign-born clients. Differences between Black native-born bureaucrats and Black foreign-born clients in experiences, socialization processes, and interests may hinder the linkage between passive and active representation for Black immigrants. However, a shared connection to immigration among foreign-born Black clients and Latinx and Asian bureaucrats may facilitate a passive to active representation linkage for Black immigrants. Using fixed effects, comparative relational analytic models, we analyze New York City public school data from the 2005–2006 to 2015–2016 school terms to find that racial representative bureaucracy crosses ethnic lines. Both foreign-born and native-born Black students experience performance gains when taught by a Black teacher. Our research holds implications for understanding the complexities of representation for pan-ethnic groups and emphasizes the challenges that heterogeneity poses for the theory of representative bureaucracy.
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Peled, Alon. "Outsourcing and Political Power: Bureaucrats, Consultants, Vendors and Public Information Technology". Public Personnel Management 30, nr 4 (grudzień 2001): 495–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600103000406.
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The rapidly growing governmental IT outsourcing trend raises different questions: Who, inside bureaucracy, governs computer systems after outsourcing? Which actors gain or lose political clout when the government begins to aggressively outsource its IT operations? How does IT outsourcing change the relationships among bureaucrats, consultants, and vendors? The article highlights the increasingly important and behind-the-scenes role the consultant plays as an intermediary between the MIS bureaucrat and technological vendors. IT consultants exert an enormous amount of political power because they are the “glue” binding together all the actors involved in producing and maintaining public information technology. Regrettably, this new consultant-centered environment is responsible for the degradation of the organizational and technological skills of MIS bureaucrats and also impairs the feedback information flow between bureaucrats and vendors regarding the status of public computer projects. Therefore, the article suggests that the unchecked power of IT consultants hinders the ability of bureaucrats to be accountable for the systems they manage.
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Hyemi, Choi, i Jeong Jisu. "The Ceiling Strategy as Policy:Limiting Bureaucratic Expansion and Democratization". Korean Journal of Policy Studies 32, nr 1 (30.04.2017): 175–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps32108.
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It is commonly recognized that the transition to democracy in Korea was associated with economic progress. However, not many scholars have given attention to the role of bureaucracy during the process of democratization, due to the fact that bureaucracy is usually thought of as belonging to politics, not democracy. As a refutation of this general view, first, this paper argues that bureaucracy has been an important contributor to political modernization. Since the post-1945 period, the `ceiling` strategy, which limits the total number of civil servants, was introduced into the personnel management method and system of checks and balances to limit undue political influence over staffing and to control bureaucratic expansion. Second, through this strategy as policy, the bureaucracy legitimately tried to avoid undemocratic political power by the standardized process and allow the coordination. The ceiling policy is originally the product of historical context during colonial and authoritarian period, but the bureaucracy utilizes it as the instrument to reduce corruption. The contribution of this paper is provoking the new insights about democratization from bureaucrat`s perspective which is rarely highlighted.
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Anna, Timothy E., i Linda Arnold. "Bureaucracy and Bureaucrats in Mexico City, 1742-1835." American Historical Review 95, nr 3 (czerwiec 1990): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2164525.
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Cummins, Victoria Hennessey, i Linda Arnold. "Bureaucracy and Bureaucrats in Mexico City, 1742-1835." Hispanic American Historical Review 70, nr 3 (sierpień 1990): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2516619.
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Cummins, Victoria Hennessey. "Bureaucracy and Bureaucrats in Mexico City, 1742-1835". Hispanic American Historical Review 70, nr 3 (1.08.1990): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-70.3.484.
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Bishu, Sebawit G., i Alexis R. Kennedy. "Trends and Gaps: A Meta-Review of Representative Bureaucracy". Review of Public Personnel Administration 40, nr 4 (19.03.2019): 559–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734371x19830154.
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The representative bureaucracy theoretical framework explores the link between bureaucrats’ social and demographic characteristics and their likelihood to take actions that benefit citizens with whom they share identities. This meta-review analyzes 96 peer-reviewed representative bureaucracy journal articles to explore how the theoretical framework is described and applied and to track the contextual development of representative bureaucracy over time. Despite how far the field has come in connecting bureaucratic identity to normative policy outcomes, we find that the application of the theoretical framework is operationalized using a narrow set of shared identities (race and gender). In addition, we conclude that representative bureaucracy has been applied in limited geographic, methodological, and policy areas. Our article argues that the absence of studies that focus on intersectional identities, different geographic and policy contexts, and more qualitative and mixed methods impedes our understanding of the link between passive and active representation.
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Konkipudi, Kiran, i Suraj Jacob. "Political Pressures and Bureaucratic Consequences: Vignettes of Janmabhoomi Implementation in Andhra Pradesh". Studies in Indian Politics 5, nr 1 (20.04.2017): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321023017698254.
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Drawing on vignettes from fieldwork in Andhra Pradesh, the article explores how political pressures shape bureaucratic practices around the government’s flagship Janmabhoomi programme. It argues that competitive state politics manifests in clientelist–populist voter mobilization leading to two-level political pressures—state politicians pressure higher bureaucracy which in turn pressures the lower bureaucracy tasked with implementation, and local politicians allied with the governing party put direct pressures on lower bureaucracy for favouritism. Lower level bureaucrats cope with these impossible pressures by subverting official procedures, so that actual practices hardly match the rational Weberian construction in official documents. The article’s contribution lies in linking the ‘political game’ and the ‘bureaucratic game’ in a grounded empirical context.
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Dr. B. M. Ratnakar, Dr B. M. Ratnakar. "Bureaucracy and Development". International Journal of Scientific Research 2, nr 7 (1.06.2012): 481–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/july2013/165.
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Hahonou, Eric Komlavi, i Tomas Max Martin. "Immersion in the bureaucratic field: Methodological pathways". Critique of Anthropology 39, nr 2 (2.05.2019): 122–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x19842921.
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The introduction argues that while the legitimacy of bureaucracy as an object of inquiry is well established, little is generally said on the methodologies mobilized by ethnographers to study the bureaucratic field. The special issue is a contribution to fill this gap. The authors characterize bureaucracy as a mode of control by way of four dimensions—service, rule, violence, and secrecy—and propose three methodological pathways through which ethnographers may immerse in the bureaucratic field. The first pathway, “stages,” is concerned with the methodological reflections on accessing the bureaucratic stage and of being led in by bureaucrats as they perform their stage work. The second focuses on “techniques” and considers the implications of immersing oneself in a distinct technical landscape. The third pathway concerns the ethnographer’s positionality, drawing attention to the deep reflexivity and unstable ethics of bureaucracy ethnography. The authors invite bureaucracy ethnographers to pursue these pathways and to engage in a critical reflection on their fieldwork practices.
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Bernstein, Anya. "Porous Bureaucracy: Legitimating the Administrative State in Taiwan". Law & Social Inquiry 45, nr 1 (16.09.2019): 28–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lsi.2019.29.
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Scholars and politicians have sometimes presented bureaucracy as inherently conflicting with democracy. But bureaucrats themselves are rarely consulted about that relationship. In contrast, I draw on interviews and participant observation to illuminate how government administrators understand their own place in the government of Taiwan, one of the few successful third wave democracies. The administrators I work with root their own legitimacy not in separated powers or autonomous expertise, but in their ongoing collaboration with legislators and publics. They define their own accountability not just as executing legislative mandates but as producing them in the first place, and they figure bureaucracy as a key site for political participation. I put these views into historical context to elucidate how bureaucracy can compete for democratic bona fides with common democratic indicators like constitutions and elections. This article contributes to scholarship on the ethnography of bureaucracy, administrative accountability networks, and the internal law of administration. In particular, I stress the importance of administrative culture as a central aspect of political legitimation.
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Spenkuch, Jörg L., Edoardo Teso i Guo Xu. "Ideology and Performance in Public Organizations". Econometrica 91, nr 4 (2023): 1171–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta20355.
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We combine personnel records of the United States federal bureaucracy from 1997 to 2019 with administrative voter registration data to study how ideological alignment between politicians and bureaucrats affects turnover and performance. We document significant partisan cycles and turnover among political appointees. By contrast, we find no political cycles in the civil service. At any point in time, a sizable share of bureaucrats is ideologically misaligned with their political leaders. We study the performance implications of this misalignment for the case of procurement officers. Exploiting presidential transitions as a source of “within‐bureaucrat” variation in political alignment, we find that procurement contracts overseen by misaligned officers exhibit greater cost overruns and delays. We provide evidence consistent with a general “morale effect,” whereby misaligned bureaucrats are less motivated to pursue the organizational mission. Our results thus help to shed some of the first light on the costs of ideological misalignment within public organizations.
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Afrijal, Afrijal, Herizal Herizal, Fabri Yanza, Helmi Helmi, Nurul Kamaly i Bustami Usman. "REALIZATION OF COMPETITIVE GOVERNMENT BUREAUCRACY THROUGH THE REINVENTING GOVERNMENT APPROACH". Journal of Social Politics and Governance (JSPG) 6, nr 1 (30.06.2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/jspg.v6i1.1609.
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This study focuses on the realization of a competitive government bureaucracy through the approach of reinventing government. The slow bureaucracy and low quality of services remain issues that demand the attention of government bureaucrats. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of realizing a competitive bureaucracy by applying the principles of reinventing government. The method used in this paper is qualitative, employing a library research approach. The results of the discussion indicate that reinventing government serves as a concrete solution for government agencies to improve their performance in administration. The flexibility of issues and public needs requires the government to continuously innovate. Enhancing performance systems, capacity, and the quality of government apparatus can serve as the main improvements for realizing a competitive government.
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Cohan, A. S. "Bureaucracy". International Affairs 64, nr 3 (1988): 482–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2622876.
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Shubkin, Vladimir. "Bureaucracy". Soviet Sociology 28, nr 3 (maj 1989): 27–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/sor1061-0154280327.
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Bender, Frederic L. "Bureaucracy". Social Philosophy Today 2 (1989): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/socphiltoday1989226.
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Boldizar, A. "Bureaucracy". Literary Imagination 7, nr 3 (1.01.2005): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litimag/7.3.413.
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Frisbie, F. "Bureaucracy". Minnesota Review 2006, nr 67 (1.01.2006): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00265667-2006-67-22a.
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Howell, Philip. "Bureaucracy". Political Geography 17, nr 5 (czerwiec 1998): 619–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0962-6298(97)00011-5.
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Tong, Rosemarie. "Bureaucracy". Teaching Philosophy 11, nr 2 (1988): 150–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil198811238.
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Kvachev, Vadim. "From Weberian Bureaucracy to Networking Bureaucracy". Contemporary Relevance of a Classic: Max Weber in the 21st Century 18, nr 2 (2019): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2019-2-28-40.
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