Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Bulk oxides

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Bulk oxides”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

Data aktualizacji: 7 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Bulk oxides"

Köck, Eva-Maria, Michaela Kogler, Thomas Götsch, Bernhard Klötzer i Simon Penner. "Structural and chemical degradation mechanisms of pure YSZ and its components ZrO2 and Y2O3 in carbon-rich fuel gases". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, nr 21 (2016): 14333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp02458k.

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D. A. Muller, T. Sorsch, S. Moccio, F. H. Baumann, K. Evans-Lutterodt i G. Timp. "How Small Is Too Small ? Understanding The Electronic Structure Of Atomic-Scale Transistors". Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (sierpień 1999): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600013921.

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The transistors planned for commercial use ten years from now in many electronic devices will have gate lengths shorter than 130 atoms, gate oxides thinner than 1.2 nm of SiO2 and clock speeds in excess of 10 GHz. It is now technologically possible to produce such transistors with gate oxides only 5 silicon atoms thick[l]. Since at least two of those 5 atoms are not in a local environment similar to either bulk Si or bulk SiO2, the properties of the interface are responsible for a significant fraction of the “bulk” properties of the gate oxide. However the physical (and especially their electrical) properties of the interfacial atoms are very different from .bulk Si or bulk SiO2. Further, roughness on an atomic scale can alter the leakage current by orders of magnitude.In our studies of such devices, we found that thermal oxidation tends to produce Si/SiO2 interfaces with 0.1-0.2 nm rms roughness.

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Ali, A. A., F. A. Al-Sagheer i M. I. Zaki. "Surface Texture of Microcrystalline Tunnel-Structured Manganese(IV) Oxides: Nitrogen Sorptiometry and Electron Microscopy Studies". Adsorption Science & Technology 20, nr 7 (wrzesień 2002): 619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/02636170260504314.

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Three different modifications of manganese(IV) oxide, viz. cryptomelane, nsutite and todorokite-like, were synthesized by hydrothermal methods. The bulk chemical composition, phase composition, crystalline structure and particle morphology of the resulting materials were determined by thermogravimetry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The surface chemical composition, texture and structure were assessed using X-ray photoelectron microscopy, nitrogen sorptiometry and high-resolution electron microscopy. The results highlighted the hydrothermal conditions under which such tunnel-structured modifications of manganese(IV) oxide can be successfully synthesized. Moreover, they revealed that (i) the bulk was microcrystalline, (ii) the crystallites were either fibrils (cryptomelane and nsutite) or rod-like (todorokite) with low-index exposed facets, (iii) the surface chemical composition mostly reflected that of the bulk and (iv) the surface texture was linked with high specific areas, slit-shaped mesopores associated with particle interstices and micropores which allowed surface accessibility to the bulk tunnels of the test oxides. The application of such test oxides as shape-selective oxidation catalysts appears worthy of investigation.

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García-Muñoz, J. L., J. Fontcuberta, M. Suaaidi i X. Obradors. "Bandwidth narrowing in bulk magnetoresistive oxides". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 8, nr 50 (9.12.1996): L787—L793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/8/50/003.

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Wachs, Israel E., i Kamalakanta Routray. "Catalysis Science of Bulk Mixed Oxides". ACS Catalysis 2, nr 6 (22.05.2012): 1235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cs2005482.

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Şeker, Şükran. "Determination and Evaluation of Metal Oxide Toxicity on Dermal Fibroblasts by Using the Impedance-Based Assay System". Proceedings 2, nr 25 (5.12.2018): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2251557.

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Metal oxides have been widely used in various applications such as biomedical, commercial and environmental, due to their unique physicochemical properties. As the use of metal oxides increase worldwide, their exposure to the living systems also increases. It is therefore necessary to understand their potential harmful effects on human and environment health. In this study, dermal fibroblasts were exposed to bulk zinc oxide (0.1, 1, 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL) for 6 and 48 h. After exposure, changes in cell viability, morphology, membrane damage and zinc oxide uptake were investigated. The response of dermal fibroblasts exposed to different concentrations of bulk zinc oxide was monitored in real-time using an impedance-based assay system. Results demonstrated that zinc oxide at 50 and 100 μg/mL showed significant toxic effects compared to the control cell cultures.

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Barad, Chen, Giora Kimmel, Hagay Hayun, Dror Shamir, Kachal Hirshberg i Yaniv Gelbstein. "Phase Stability of Nanocrystalline Grains of Rare-Earth Oxides (Sm2O3 and Eu2O3) Confined in Magnesia (MgO) Matrix". Materials 13, nr 9 (11.05.2020): 2201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13092201.

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Rare-earth (RE) oxides are important in myriad fields, including metallurgy, catalysis, and ceramics. However, the phase diagram of RE oxides in the nanoscale might differ from the phase diagrams for bulk, thus attracting attention nowadays. We suggest that grain size in the nanoscale also determines the obtained crystallographic phase along with temperature and pressure. For this purpose, nanoparticles of Sm2O3 and Eu2O3 were mixed in an inert MgO matrix via the sol-gel method. This preparation method allowed better isolation of the oxide particles, thus hindering the grain growth process associated with increasing the temperature. The mixed oxides were compared to pure oxides, which were heat-treated using two methods: gradual heating versus direct heating to the phase transition temperature. The cubic phase in pure oxides was preserved to a higher extent in the gradual heating treatment compared to the direct heating treatment. Additionally, in MgO, even a higher extent of the cubic phase was preserved at higher temperatures compared to the pure oxide, which transformed into the monoclinic phase at the same temperature in accordance with the phase diagram for bulk. This indicates that the cubic phase is the equilibrium phase for nanosized particles and is determined also by size.

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Wang, Xiao, i Alfred Ludwig. "Recent Developments in Small-Scale Shape Memory Oxides". Shape Memory and Superelasticity 6, nr 3 (26.08.2020): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40830-020-00299-7.

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Abstract This review presents an overview of the developments in small-scale shape memory materials: from alloys to oxides and ceramics. Shape memory oxides such as zirconia, different ferroelectric perovskites and VO2-based materials have favorable characteristics of high strength, high operating temperature and chemical resistance, which make this class of shape memory materials interesting for special applications, e.g., in harsh environments or at the nanoscale. Because of the constraint and mismatch stress from neighboring grains in polycrystalline/bulk oxides, the transformation strain of shape memory oxides is relatively small, and micro-cracks can appear after some cycles. However, recent progress in shape memory oxide research related to small-scale approaches such as decreasing the amounts of grain boundaries, strain-engineering, and application in the form of nanoscale thin films shows that some oxides are capable to exhibit excellent shape memory effects and superelasticity at nano/micro-scales. The materials systems ZrO2, BiFO3, and VO2 are discussed with respect to their shape memory performance in bulk and small-scale.

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Grilli, Maria Luisa. "Metal Oxides". Metals 10, nr 6 (19.06.2020): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10060820.

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Oxide materials in bulk and thin film form, and metal oxide nanostructures exhibit a great variety of functional properties which make them ideal for applications in solar cells, gas sensors, optoelectronic devices, passive optics, catalysis, corrosion protection, environmental protection, etc. [...]

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Tam, C. Y., i C. H. Shek. "Oxidation Behavior of Cu60Zr30Ti10 Bulk Metallic Glass". Journal of Materials Research 20, nr 6 (1.06.2005): 1396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0182.

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The oxidation kinetics of Cu60Zr30Ti10 bulk metallic glass and its crystalline counterpart were studied in oxygen environment over the temperature range of 573–773 K. The oxidation kinetics, measured with thermogravimetric analysis, of the metallic glass follows a linear rate law between 573 and 653 K and a parabolic rate law between 673 and 733 K. It was also found that the oxidation activation energy of metallic glass is lower than that of its crystalline counterpart. The x-ray diffraction pattern showed that the oxide layer is composed of Cu2O, CuO, ZrO2, and metallic Cu. Cu enrichment on the topmost oxide layer of the metallic glass oxidized at 573 K was revealed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy while there was a decrease in Cu content in the innermost oxide layer. The oxide surface morphologies observed from scanning electron microscopy showed that ZrO2 granules formed at low temperatures while whiskerlike copper oxides formed at higher temperatures.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Bulk oxides"

Koethe, Thomas Christoph. "Bulk sensitive photoelectron spectroscopy of strongly correlated transition metal oxides". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=982912900.

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BALDINI, ANGELICA. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BULK NANOSTRUCTURED OXIDES FOR FUNCTIONAL APPLICATIONS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1429995.

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This thesis work is focused on the study of oxides in form of nanostructured samples for functional applications. These applications take advantage of their high mechanical and chemical stability, high melting point, electric, optical, and magnetic properties. In particular the work is divided in three parts, which represent the three different functional applications studied: magnetic materials, protonic conductors, and lithium-ion batteries cathodes. For the magnetic materials, CoFe2O4 nanostructured sintered samples were studied in their magnetic properties, leading to interesting values. The magnetic parameters have been evaluated in sintered sample having different type of microstructure, relative density, and grain size. The protonic conductors studied are TiO2, CeO2 and ZrO2 doped with sulfur. The nanostructured sintered samples of these oxides were evaluated in their protonic conduction properties, the protonic conductivity has been evaluated in this oxide at different values of relative humidity. The results are that S-TiO2 and S-ZrO2 showed very good conductivity values, instead S-CeO2 presented values of conductivity not so good to be applied as protonic conductor. Finally new materials in form of high-entropy oxides were tried to synthesize in order to obtain new cathodes nanostructured oxides for Li-ion batteries, having the same crystal structure of LiMn2O4 but with the substitution of some cations on the MnIII and MnIV sites. Different trivalent and tetravalent cations have been used in order to enter in the spinel structure and lead to an enlargement of the spinel unit cell: Y3+, Fe3+, Al3+, Cr3+, In3+, Ti4+, Zr4+, Tb4+. Some interesting compounds, as LiFe0.6Ti0.6Mn0.8O4, LiFe0.7Mn0.6Ti0.7O4, LiFe0.5Mn0.5TiO4 and LiFe0.5Ti0.5MnO4 were synthesized.

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Walker, Robert. "The surface chemistry and bulk electronic structure of bismuth based pyrochlore oxides". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/48468.

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Metal oxides of bismuth show applications from photocatalysts to dielectric materials often due to the influence of the so called “lone pair” electrons that give rise to structural distortions and modified electronic structure. These effects upon which fundamental properties are derived are still not yet fully understood. Polycrystalline Bi 2 Ti 2 O 7 , Bi 2 Zr 2 O 7 , and Bi 2 Hf 2 O 7 materials - the latter in both pyrochlore (p) and monoclinic (m) phases - were prepared via co-precipitation and, except for Bi 2 Hf 2 O 7 (m), thin films. The bulk, surface, and electronic properties were characterised using a combination of X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques. The structural determination, completed in Chapter 4, confirmed the formation of a directional lone pair by O 2p-assisted Bi 6s-6p hybridisation in all except Bi 2 Zr 2 O 7 . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy quantified a Bi surface excess that in Chapter 5 was probed further by low-energy ion spectroscopy achieving greater surface sensitivity. The top atomic layer was determined to be almost exclusively BiO x with surface relaxation of the directional lone pair suggested as the driving force behind this surface reconstruction. By in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transformed spectroscopy, CO 2 was found to strongly chemisorb onto the surface of Bi 2 Ti 2 O 7 , Bi 2 Zr 2 O 7 , and Bi 2 Hf 2 O 7 (p) indicating a basic surface. Both the surface reconstruction and surface basicity were not observed in Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 demonstrating the clear influence of the Bi cation. In Chapter 6, the electronic structure of the films was investigated by XPS and polarisation-dependent HAXPES and indicated a strong Bi contribution to the valence band either by O 2p-assisted Bi 6s-6p hybridisation or, as in Bi 2 Zr 2 O 7 , anti-bonding interactions between O 2p and Bi 6s. The Bi 6s was shown to shift the valence band towards the Fermi edge, in addition, a valence band with a high metal character is beneficial for the formation of holes and mobility while Bi 6p contributions to the conduction band improve the stability of excited electrons from the valence band with high O 2p character.

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Gil-Acevedo, Jennifer 3664585. "Sensitivity of Marine Cynobacteria and Green Microlage to Nano and Bulk Zinc Oxides". FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3845.

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Nanoparticles are particles with sizes between 1 and 100 nanometers (nm). Owing to their unique chemical, electrical, mechanical, optical, and piezoelectric properties, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are finding widespread use in numerous applications with yearly production over 550 tons per year. Increasing use of ZnO NPs, and NPs in wastewater discharges from domestic and industrial sources will have significant potential for adverse impacts on aquatic phototrophic organisms. Comparative studies on microalgae species response to ZnO NPs and variation in tolerance among species is still mostly unexplored. The proposed research aims to evaluate interspecies’ variation in tolerance to ZnO NPs among marine and freshwater microalgae. Multi-well culture plate and flask culture screening methods were utilized for assessing microalgae species’ tolerance to various levels of ZnO NPs. Microalgae cell morphology changes in response to nano ZnO exposure were explored using both the Optical Coherence Microscope (OCM) and SEM. Availability of Nano ZnO tolerant microalgae species may provide an impetus for future studies to understand the mechanism of tolerance and potential applications in NPs bioremediation in aquatic systems.

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Birkner, Nancy R. "Thermodynamics of Manganese Oxides at Bulk and Nanoscale| Phase Formation, Transformation, Oxidation-Reduction, and Hydration". Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3706557.

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Natural manganese oxides are generally formed in surficial environments that are near ambient temperature and water-rich, and may be exposed to wet-dry cycles and a variety of adsorbate species that influence dramatically their level of hydration. Manganese oxide minerals are often poorly crystalline, nanophase, and hydrous. In the near-surface environment they are involved in processes that are important to life, such as water column oxygen cycling, biomineralization, and transport of minerals/nutrients through soils and water. These processes, often involving transformations among manganese oxide polymorphs, are governed by a complex interplay between thermodynamics and kinetics. Manganese oxides are also used in technology as catalysts, and for other applications.

The major goal of this dissertation is to examine the energetics of bulk and nanophase manganese oxide phases as a function of particle size, composition, and surface hydration. Careful synthesis and characterization of manganese oxide phases with different surface areas provided samples for the study of enthalpies of formation by high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry and of the energetics of water adsorption on their surfaces. These data provide a quantitative picture of phase stability and how it changes at the nanoscale.

The surface energy of the hydrous surface of Mn₃O₄ is 0.96 ± 0.08 J/m², of Mn₂O₃ is 1.29 ± 0.10 J/m², and of MnO₂ is 1.64 ± 0.10 J/m². The surface energy of the anhydrous surface of Mn₃O₄ is 1.62 ± 0.08 J/m², of Mn₂O₃ is 1.77 ± 0.10 J/m², and of MnO₂ is 2.05 ± 0.10 J/m². Supporting preliminary findings (Navrotsky et al., 2010), the spinel phase (Mn₃O₄) has a lower surface energy (more stabilizing) than bixbyite, while the latter has a smaller surface energy than pyrolusite. These differences significantly change the positions in oxygen fugacity—temperature space of the redox couples Mn₃O₄-Mn₂O₃ and Mn₂O₃-MnO₂ favoring the lower surface enthalpy phase (the spinel Mn₃O₄) for smaller particle size and in the presence of surface hydration.

Chemisorption of water onto anhydrous nanophase Mn₂O₃ surfaces promotes rapidly reversible redox phase changes at room temperature as confirmed by calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and titration for manganese average oxidation state. Water adsorption microcalorimetry (in situ) at room temperature measured the strongly exothermic integral enthalpy of water adsorption (-103.5 kJ/mol) and monitored the energetics of the redox phase transformation. Hydration-driven redox transformation of anhydrous nanophase Mn(III)₂O₃, (high surface enthalpy of anhydrous surfaces 1.77 ± 0.10 J/m²) to Mn(II,III)₃O₄ (lower surface enthalpy 0.96 ± 0.08 J/m²) occurred during the first few doses of water vapor. Surface reduction of nanoparticle bixbyite (Mn₂O₃) to hausmannite (Mn₃O₄) occurs under conditions where no such reactions are seen or expected on grounds of bulk thermodynamics in coarse-grained materials.

Layered structure manganese oxides contain alkali or alkaline earth cations and water, are generally fine-grained, and have considerable thermodynamic stability. The surface enthalpies (SE) of layered and tunnel structure complex manganese oxides are significantly lower than those of the binary manganese oxide phases. The SE for hydrous surfaces and overall manganese average oxidation state (AOS) (value in parentheses) are: cryptomelane 0.77 ± 0.10 J/m² (3.78), sodium birnessite 0.69 ± 0.13 J/m² (3.56), potassium birnessite 0.55 ± 0.11 J/m² (3.52), and calcium birnessite 0.41 ± 0.11 J/m² (3.50). Surface enthalpies of hydrous surfaces of the calcium manganese oxide nanosheets are: δCa_0.39MnO_2.3nH₂O 0.75 ± 0.10 J/m² (3.89) and δCa_0.43MnO_2.3nH₂O 0.57 ± 0.12 J/m² (3.68). The surface enthalpy of the complex manganese oxides appears to decrease with decreasing manganese average oxidation state, that is, with greater mixed valence manganese (Mn^3+/4+). Low surface energy suggests loose binding of H₂O on the internal and external surfaces and may be critical to catalysis in both natural and technological settings.

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Budde, Melanie. "Heteroepitaxy, surface- and bulk hole transport, and application of the p-type semiconducting oxides NiO and SnO". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22240.

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Die vorliegende Arbeit ist eine umfassende Studie über das Wachstum mittels Molekularstrahlepitaxie (MBE) und die gemessenen Seebeck Koeffizienten und Lochtransport Eigenschaften von p‑Typ Oxiden, eine Materialklasse welche die optische Transparenz und die einstellbare Leitfähigkeit verbindet. Insbesondere, Nickeloxid (NiO) und Zinnmonoxid (SnO) wurden mittels plasmaunterstützter MBE unter Einsatz von einer Metall‑Effusionszelle und einem Sauerstoffplasma gewachsen. Für das NiO Wachstum wurden vor allem die Wachstumsgrenzen bei hohen Temperaturen festgelegt, welche von der Substratstabilität im Falle von Magnesiumoxid und Galliumnitrid abhängen. Es wird die Möglichkeit der Qualitätsbewertung mittels Ramanspektroskopie für Natriumchlorid-Strukturen gezeigt. Untersuchung der NiO Dotierung durch Oberflächen-Akzeptoren und der damit verbundenen Oberflächen‑Loch‑Anreicherungsschicht offenbart eine neue Dotierungsmöglichkeit für p‑leitende Oxide im Allgemeinen. Die metastabile Phase des SnO wird mittels PAMBE unter Verwendung bekannter Wachstumskinetik von Zinndioxid und verschiedener in‑situ Methoden stabilisiert, die anwendungsrelevante thermische Stabilität wird untersucht. Anschließende ex‑situ Charakterisierungen durch XRD und Ramanspektroskopie identifizieren das kleine Wachstumsfenster für das epitaktische Wachstum von SnO. Elektrische Messungen bestätigen die p‑Typ Ladungsträger mit vielversprechenden Löcherbeweglichkeiten welche auch für Hall Messungen zugänglich sind. Temperaturabhängige Hall Messungen zeigen einen bandähnlichen Transport welcher auf eine hohe Qualität der gewachsenen Schichten hindeutet. Die Funktionalität der gewachsenen Schichten wird durch verschiedene Anwendungen nachgewiesen. Zum Beispiel werden pn‑Heteroübergänge wurden durch das heteroepitaktische Wachstum der SnO Schichten auf einem Galliumoxid-Substrat erlangt. Die ersten bisher berichteten SnO-basierten pn‑Übergänge mit einem Idealitätsfaktor unter zwei wurden erreicht.
This thesis presents a comprehensive study on the growth by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and the measured Seebeck coefficients and hole transport properties of p‑type oxides, a material class which combines transparency and tunable conductivity. Specifically, Nickel oxide (NiO) and tin monoxide (SnO) were grown by plasma‑assisted MBE using a metal effusion cell and an oxygen plasma. For NiO growth, the focus lies on high temperature growth limits which were determined by the substrate stability of magnesium oxide and gallium nitride. Quality evaluation by Raman spectroscopy for rock‑salt crystal structures is demonstrated. Investigations of NiO doping by surface acceptors and the related surface hole accumulation layer reveal a new doping possibility for p‑type oxides in general. The meta‑stable SnO is stabilized by PAMBE utilizing known growth kinetics of tin dioxide and various in‑situ methods, its application-relevant thermal stability is investigated. Following ex‑situ characterizations by XRD and Raman spectroscopy identify secondary phases and a small growth window for the epitaxial growth of SnO. Electrical measurements confirm the p‑type carriers with promising hole mobilities accessible to Hall measurements. Temperature dependent Hall measurements show band‑like transport indicating a high quality of the grown layers. The functionality of the grown layers is proven by various applications. For example, pn‑heterojunctions were achieved by heteroepitaxial growth of the SnO layers on gallium oxide substrates. The first reported SnO based pn‑junction with an ideality factor below two is accomplished.

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Wilson, Nicholas Craig, i nick wilson@csiro au. "An investigation of hybrid density functional theory in the calculation of the structure and properties of transition metal oxides". RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091217.142149.

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This thesis is an investigation into the accuracy of hybrid density functional theory to predict the properties of two transition metal oxides: Ilmenite (FeTiO3) and haematite (sigma-Fe2O3). The hybrid density functional theory examined is Becke's B3LYP functional, which is an empirical mix of density functional theory and exact nonlocal exchange from Hartree-Fock theory. For bulk ilmenite, results from the B3LYP functional are compared with Hartree-Fock and pure density functional theory calculations. The computed properties are found to be very sensitive to the treatment of electronic exchange and correlation, with the best results being achieved using the hybrid functional. Calculations performed using the hybrid functional benefit from its better treatment of the electronic self interaction and its reasonable estimate of the pair correlation energy of the doubly occupied Fe-d orbital. To assess the performance of the hybrid functional in simulating Fe2O3 and FeTiO3 with different cation-anion coordination than that found in ilmenite or haematite, studies were performed on their high pressure polymorphs, for which there are a range of experimental results for comparison. This tests the transferability of the functional before examining cases, such as the surfaces of these materials, where there are little or no experimental or theoretical results. For the currently known high pressure polymorphs of ilmenite and haematite, the structural and elastic parameters computed using the hybrid functional are found to be in good agreement with those observed, as is the predicted stability of the phases. In ilmenite, the calculations predict the stability of a new high-pressure polymorph with space group Cmcm, occurring at pressures above 44 GPa. Calculations of the high pressure polymorphs of haematite involve the examination of a range of charge, spin, and magnetic states for each of the polymorphs. Magnetic ordering was found to be important for all the polymorphs, and for each polymorph an antiferromagnetic ordering was found to be lower in energy than the ferromagnetic ordering. The predicted transition pressure from the corundum structure and the magnetic collapse of the Fe3+ cations were in good agreement with experiment. At high pressures the lowest energy configuration for the orthorhombic perovskite structure was computed to occur with mixed high-spin /low-spin Fe3+ cations, in contrast to predictions in the literature of a Fe2+/Fe4+ solution. The CaIrO3-type structure was also computed to be stable with a mixed high-spin/ low-spin Fe3+ configuration at high pressures, and is computed to be the most stable polymorph at pressures above 46 GPa at 0 K. The structure of the ilmenite (0001) surface is examined using the B3LYP functional, and for this surface twelve different terminations are considered, with surface energies and relaxed geometries calculated. The Fe terminated (0001) surface was found to have the lowest cleavage energy, and also to be the most stable surface at low oxygen partial pressures suggesting it is most likely to form when ilmenite is cleaved under high vacuum.

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Grira, Sarra. "Microstructure, texture and superconductive properties of High Temperature Superconducting "HTS" oxides : yBCO thin films and bulk NBCO and YBCO". Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ005S/document.

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Ce travail concerne l'étude de la texture et de la microstructure en relation avec les propriétés supraconductrices Tc et Jc de supraconducteurs haute température critique SHTc : YBCO et NBCO. Les techniques de caractérisation utilisées pour la microstructure sont la diffraction de RX et la diffraction d'électrons (Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction) "EBSD". Tc et Jc ont été déduits des mesures d'aimantation et de susceptibilité magnétique au SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) et PPMS (Physical Properties Measument System). La première partie de l'étude traite de la caractérisation de la texture de couches minces SHTc d'YBCO, et de la possibilité de déterminer les relations d'épitaxie par EBSD entre le film déposé et la couche tampon. Ce type d'échantillon est constitué d'un substrat de saphir sur lequel 3 couches successives ont été déposées dont 300 nm de YBCO, destinées aux applications électrotechniques comme limiteurs de courant. La deuxième partie concerne l'étude de matériaux massifs supraconducteurs YBCO et NBCO fabriqués par différentes techniques. L'effet du dopage d'YBCO avec de l'argent a été étudié sur des échantillons fabriqués par la technique dite de "texturation par croissance orientée" soit MTG (Melt Textured Growth) et sous une faible pression partielle d'oxygène. Le dopage jusqu'à un certain pourcentage d'argent améliore la microstructure ainsi que la densité de courant critique. Une comparaison des caractéristiques physiques et structurales d'échantillons NBCO oxygénés ex-situ et YBCO in-situ, élaborés par MTG sous champ magnétique intense a été effectuée. De même des échantillons NBCO texturés par la technique de fusion de zone (Zone Melting) oxygénés respectivement in-situ et ex-situ ont été étudiés. Ils présentent des textures similaires avec présence de macles pour NBCO oxygéné ex-situ
The aim of this work is the study of crystallographic texture and microstructure in connection with the superconducting properties (Tc and Jc) of High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) materials: YBCO and NBCO. Microstructure is studied by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Electron backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). The Determination of critical temperature (Tc) and critical current density (Jc) are made with Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer or Physical Properties Measurement System (PPMS). The first part of this work investigates the crystallographic textures of the YBCO film by using EBSD in order to deduce the epitaxial relationship between the superconducting layer and the buffer layer. This thin film is made up of three successive deposits (among which 300 nm of YBCO), used in fault current limiters for electrical engineering applications. The second part presents the study of NdBa2Cu3O7-d (NBCO) and YBCO bulks prepared by various techniques. The effect of silver doping of YBCO has been studied on samples prepared by the Melt Textured Growth (MTG) technique under low oxygen partial pressure. The doping up to a given amount of silver enhances the microstructure and the critical current density. A comparison of the physical and structural characteristics between NBCO oxygenated exsitu and YBCO oxygenated in-situ, prepared by MTG under high magnetic field has been made. Zone-melted NBCO samples textured by zone melting method oxygenated respectively in-situ and ex-situ have been studied. These samples exhibit the same texture with the occurrence of twins for the NBCO oxygenated ex-situ

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Budde, Melanie [Verfasser]. "Heteroepitaxy, surface- and bulk hole transport, and application of the p-type semiconducting oxides NiO and SnO / Melanie Budde". Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122392355X/34.

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Richter, Norina Anna [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Knorr i Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Scheffler. "Charged point defects in oxides : a case study of MgO bulk and surface F centers / Norina Anna Richter. Gutachter: Andreas Knorr ; Matthias Scheffler". Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1065665660/34.

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Książki na temat "Bulk oxides"

Saijets, Jan. MOSFET RF characterization using bulk and SOI CMOS technologies. [Espoo, Finland]: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 2007.

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C, Jagadish, i Pearton S. J, red. Zinc oxide bulk, thin films and nanostructures: Processing, properties and applications. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006.

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Silveira, Fernando. Low Power Analog CMOS for Cardiac Pacemakers: Design and Optimization in Bulk and SOI Technologies. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004.

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Transparent Semiconducting Oxides: Bulk Crystal Growth and Fundamental Properties. Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2020.

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Galazka, Zbigniew. Transparent Semiconducting Oxides: Bulk Crystal Growth and Fundamental Properties. Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2020.

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Galazka, Zbigniew. Transparent Semiconducting Oxides: Bulk Crystal Growth and Fundamental Properties. Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2020.

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Galazka, Zbigniew. Transparent Semiconducting Oxides: Bulk Crystal Growth and Fundamental Properties. Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2020.

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Zinc Oxide Bulk, Thin Films and Nanostructures. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-044722-3.x5000-3.

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Yan, Caihua. Electronic structure and optical properties of ZnO: Bulk and surface. 1994.

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Inamuddin, red. Superconductors. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/978164490210.

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The book presents the current status of superconductor science and technology. It focuses on the design, properties and applications of superconductor materials. The superconductor categories covered include type-I, type-II, bulk, hard, soft, oxide, fermions, organic, iron, Lanthanide-based superconductors, high temperature superconductors and superconducting metamaterials.

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Części książek na temat "Bulk oxides"

Jupille, Jacques. "Surfaces of Bulk Oxides". W Springer Handbook of Surface Science, 155–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46906-1_6.

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Korotcenkov, Ghenadii. "Bulk Doping of Metal Oxides". W Integrated Analytical Systems, 323–40. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7388-6_23.

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Anderson, Don L., i Orson L. Anderson. "The bulk modulus-volume relationship for oxides". W Elastic Properties and Equations of State, 283–89. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/sp026p0283.

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Ohtsu, K., Y. Yamada, T. Izumi, Y. Nakamura i Y. Shiohara. "Crystal Growth of Bulk YBCO Superconducting Oxides; Effect of Undercooling". W Advances in Superconductivity V, 581–83. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68305-6_130.

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Umek, Polona, Andrej Zorko i Denis Arčon. "Magnetic Properties of Transition-Metal Oxides: From Bulk to Nano". W Ceramics Science and Technology, 791–833. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631735.ch19.

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Youssef, Mostafa, Jing Yang i Bilge Yildiz. "Defect Equilibria and Kinetics in Crystalline Insulating Oxides: Bulk and Hetero-interfaces". W Handbook of Materials Modeling, 1075–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44680-6_57.

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Youssef, Mostafa, Jing Yang i Bilge Yildiz. "Defect Equilibria and Kinetics in Crystalline Insulating Oxides: Bulk and Hetero-Interfaces". W Handbook of Materials Modeling, 1–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50257-1_57-1.

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Youssef, Mostafa, Jing Yang i Bilge Yildiz. "Defect Equilibria and Kinetics in Crystalline Insulating Oxides: Bulk and Hetero-Interfaces". W Handbook of Materials Modeling, 1–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50257-1_57-3.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Bulk oxides"

Sharma, Trupti, R. Singhal, R. Vishnoi i S. K. Biswas. "Fabrication, characterization and annealing of polymer-fullerene bulk heterojunction organic solar cells". W FUNCTIONAL OXIDES AND NANOMATERIALS: Proceedings of the International Conference on Functional Oxides and Nanomaterials. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4982155.

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Li, Chang-Jiu, Xin-Yuan Dong, Li Zhang, Yong-Sheng Zhu, Zhe Zhou, Xiao-Tao Luo i Cheng-Xin Li. "Novel Strategy for Developing Bulk-Like Dense Metallic Coatings by Plasma Spraying". W ITSC2021, redaktorzy F. Azarmi, X. Chen, J. Cizek, C. Cojocaru, B. Jodoin, H. Koivuluoto, Y. C. Lau i in. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2021p0410.

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Abstract Thermal spray coatings are widely used to protect materials from corrosion, wear, and oxidation, but they have yet to reach their full potential because of porosity limitations and the detrimental effects of oxidation on interlamellar bonding. This paper investigates an atmospheric plasma spraying process that deposits oxide-free dense metallic coatings with well bonded lamellae. The process produces ultrahigh temperature metallic droplets, up to 2650 °C, using specially designed powders that are deoxidized in-flight through the evaporation or gasification of oxides. The impact of these oxide-free ultrahigh temperature droplets has a spreading-fusing, self-metallurgical bonding effect resulting in fully dense bulk-like metallic coatings. Various coating materials, including NiCrMo, 304SS-Mo, NiCrBSi, and Al, are investigated, demonstrating the versatility of the new technique.

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Zhang, B. Y., J. Shi, G. J. Yang, C. X. Li i C. J. Li. "Healing of the Interface Between Splashed Particles and Underlying Bulk Coating and Its Influence on Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of LPPS MCrAlY Bond Coat". W ITSC 2014, redaktorzy R. S. Lima, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, G. Mauer, A. McDonald i F. L. Toma. DVS Media GmbH, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2014p0781.

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Abstract Thermally grown oxide (TGO) that naturally forms on bond coat surfaces plays an important role in determining the lifetime of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Splashed particles on thermally sprayed MCrAlY bond coat surfaces are weakly bonded to the underlying bulk coating, leading to the formation of mixed oxides that contribute to TBC failure. In this study, various heat treatments are used to modify the weakly bonded splashed particles on LPPS CoNiCrAlY bond coats in order to restrain the formation of mixed oxides and prevent associated failures.

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Thorum, Aaron, Logan Page, Troy Munro, David Allred, Zilong Hua i David Hurley. "Thermal Properties of Thin Film Uranium Oxides and Thorium Oxides". W ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11699.

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Abstract Uranium and thorium oxides have critical roles as fuels in existing nuclear power plants, as well as in proposed reactor concepts. The thermal conductivity of these materials determines their ability to transfer heat from the reactor core to the surrounding coolant. Additionally, these actinide compounds are of interest in condensed matter physics because of the 5f orbitals and unique electron interaction, coupling, and scattering events that can occur. Because of the radioactivity of thorium and uranium, thin film measurements of actinide materials are used to limit the amount of operator exposure, but standard thermal characterization methods are not well suited for thin films. This paper presents the process of depositing thin film UOx and ThOx samples of nm-μm thicknesses and the results of thermal property measurements. Thin films were deposited on silicon and glass substrates via dc-magnetron sputtering using an argon/oxygen mixture as the working gas. The thermal properties of the films were measured by the Thermal Conductivity Microscope (TCM). This uses one laser to generate thermal waves and a second laser to measure the magnitude and phases of the thermal waves to obtain the conductivity of materials. The results of the research show that the UOx film properties are lower than bulk values and that the role of the substrate has a considerable effect on determining the measured properties. Future work aims at improving the deposition process. Epitaxial film growth is planned. Additional understanding of thermal property measurements is targeted.

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Merchan-Merchan, W., A. V. Saveliev i Aaron Taylor. "Flame Synthesis of Nanostructured Transition Metal Oxides". W ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68987.

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Various transition metal oxide nanostructures are synthesized using a novel probe-flame interaction method. An opposed flow flame of methane and oxygen enriched air provides a high-temperature reacting environment forming various metal oxide structures directly on the surface of pure metal probes. The unique thermal profile and chemical composition of the generated flame tends to convert almost pure bulk (99.9%) metallic materials into 1-D and 3-D structures of different chemical compositions and unique morphologies. The synthesized molybdenum, tungsten, and iron oxide structures exhibit unique morphological characteristics. The application of Mo probes results in the formation of micron size hollow and non-hollow Mo-oxide channels and elongated structures with cylindrical shapes. The use of W probes results in the synthesis of 1-D carbon-oxide nanowires, 3-D structures with rectangular shapes, and thin oxide plates with large surface areas. The formation of elongated iron-oxide nanorods is observed on iron probes. The iron nanorods’ diameters range from ten nanometers to one hundred nanometers with lengths of a few micrometers. Flame position, probe diameter, and flame exposure time tend to play an important role for material shape and selectivity.

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Lapin, Ivan N., i Valery A. Svetlichnyi. "Features of the synthesis of nanocolloid oxides by laser ablation of bulk metal targets in solutions". W XII International Conference on Atomic and Molecular Pulsed Lasers, redaktorzy Victor F. Tarasenko i Andrey M. Kabanov. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2224699.

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Ielmini, D., A. S. Spinelli, A. Lacaita i G. Ghidini. "Role of interface and bulk defect-states in the low-voltage leakage conduction of ultrathin oxides". W 30th European Solid-State Device Research Conference. IEEE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/essderc.2000.194777.

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Xuan, Yimin, Jinguo Huang i Yuge Han. "Investigation on Emissive Properties of 3-DOM Peroskite-Type Oxides". W 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22049.

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This paper is aimed to investigate radiative properties of structured surface of thermochromic material, with taking three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3-DOM) perovskite-type oxide La0.825Sr0.175MnO3 (LSMO) as an example. Numerical calculation is conducted to obtain spectral distribution of absorptance of such surfaces with different structural parameters by means of the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. It is found that when the cell size is one order smaller than the wavelength of thermal radiation, the surface absorptance of 3-DOM LSMO is significantly enhanced compared with that of the bulk material. The directional and polarization dependence of spectral absorptance are also analyzed. The results provide some instructive information for adjusting and controlling radiative features of surfaces made of thermochromic materials.

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Serghini, S., i S. Dallaire. "Cyclic and Isothermal Oxidation at 1200°C of HVOF NiCrAlY Sprayed Coatings". W ITSC 2000, redaktor Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p1005.

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Abstract The isothermal and cyclic oxidation of freestanding Ni-20Cr-10Al-lY thick coatings has been investigated at 1200°C using TGA, SEM, XRD and XPS techniques. Coatings produced by HVOF are dense and remain crack free after thermal treatments. The protective oxide layer formed did not flake off upon cyclic oxidation as confirmed by SEM analysis. In addition, three oxidation regimes were identified after analyzing TGA data: two below 1000 °C and a third one at approximately 1200°C. The regimes below 1000°C correspond to the selective oxidation of elements on the surface and at the subsurface of the coatings whereas the third regime involves element diffusion from the bulk of the coating to the surface. The oxidation regime became asymptotic at 1200 °C as stable oxides formed. The presence of water vapor affects neither the thickness nor the orientation of oxide crystals formed on the surface as confirmed by the X-ray analysis. The XPS and X-ray results show an inter-diffusion between the coating and substrate with a slight increase in chromium concentration at the interface. Element distribution within the oxide layer was found to follow the order: Al-(oxide)Y-(oxide)/Cr-(oxide)/Ni-(oxide)/NiCrAlY from the outermost oxide layer to the bulk of the coating. These results show that HVOF dense Ni-20Cr-10Al-lY sprayed coatings can be used as anti-oxidant barriers in both isothermal and cyclic oxidation at 1200°C.

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Niu, Hui. "First-Principle Investigation of Structural, Elastic, Electronic and Thermal Properties of Dysprosium Hafnate Oxides". W ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87099.

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Systematic first-principles calculations based on density functional theory were performed on Dy2HfxO3+2x (x = 0, 1, and 2) compositions. A complete set of elastic parameters including elastic constants, Hill’s bulk moduli, Young’s moduli, shear moduli and Poisson’s ratio were calculated. Analyses of densities of states and charge densities and electron localization functions suggest that the oxide bonds are highly ionic with some degree of covalency in the Hf-O bonds. Thermal properties including the mean sound velocity, Debye temperature, and minimum thermal conductivity were obtained from the elastic constants.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Bulk oxides"

Conner, Wm C., i M. Harold. Kinetics and dynamics of oxidation reactions involving adsorbed CO species on bulk supported Pt and copper oxides. Final project report, January 1, 1991--December 31, 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10120775.

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Reilly, Sean, Susan Hanson, Iain May, Andrew Gaunt, Matthew Sanborn, Warren Oldham i Jeffrey Miller. Analysis of a Bulk 237Np Oxide Sample for Trace Actinides. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1889945.

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Silaban, A., M. Narcida i D. Harrison. A calcium oxide sorbent process for bulk separation of carbon dioxide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7205447.

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Harrison, D. P. A calcium oxide sorbent process for bulk separation of carbon dioxide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), październik 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6924348.

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Harrison, D. A calcium oxide sorbent process for bulk separation of carbon dioxide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6970569.

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Harrison, D. P. A calcium oxide sorbent process for bulk separation of carbon dioxide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6770767.

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Harrison, D. P. A calcium oxide sorbent process for bulk separation of carbon dioxide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), kwiecień 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6813858.

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Kernan, Forest. Material Characterization of Zinc Oxide in Bulk and Nanowire Form at Terahertz Frequencies. Portland State University Library, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.510.

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Hall, A., i T. Y. Han. Cuprous Oxide Scale up: Gram Production via Bulk Synthesis using Classic Solvents at Low Temperatures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1184179.

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Scherer, Michelle M., i Kevin M. Rosso. 2015 Progress Report/July 2016: Iron Oxide Redox Transformation Pathways: The Bulk Electrical Conduction Mechanism. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1271183.

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