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Kellar, Ian. "Evaluating brief theory-based interventions to promote health behaviours". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418499.
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Ritter, Chelsea. "Identification of Reading Comprehension Interventions using Brief Experimental Analysis". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1592134725353135.
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Hogan, Lee M. "Developing and evaluating brief, computerised interventions for excessive drinkers". Thesis, Bangor University, 2005. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/developing-and-evaluating-brief-computerised-interventions-for-excessive-drinkers(bd39d8ac-22e1-4598-b425-b25ce8d18eae).html.
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Dolalie, Kelsch Angela Ann. "Screening and Brief Interventions for Alcohol Use in College Students". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27030.
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College students are recognized as a high-risk group for alcohol problems in the United States. Annually approximately 500,000 college students are unintentionally injured, and more than 1,700 college students die from alcohol-related unintentional injury. In addition, individuals who begin drinking alcohol early in life increase their risk of developing serious alcohol problems later in life. As a result, it is essential that efforts be made to focus on opportunities for alcohol screening and brief intervention where applicable in an attempt to reduce problem drinking behaviors. Alcohol screening and brief interventions for alcohol misuse is an effective way for health care professionals' at student health clinics to take advantage of screening a high-risk population for alcohol misuse during a routine clinic exam. The purpose of this practice improvement project was for healthcare providers to initiate alcohol screening on all willing patients via a self-administered alcohol questionnaire (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) and for the healthcare providers to address problem drinking behaviors with individual patients where indicated by implementing a 5-15 minute brief intervention for problem alcohol consumption. The aim was that the screening would flag problem drinkers and at risk individuals who would benefit from a brief alcohol intervention and potentially avoid future alcohol related harm to their health. The AUDIT screening did flag problem alcohol behaviors and facilitated an opportunity for healthcare providers to discuss those negative alcohol behaviors as well as the negative long-term implications they can have on the lives of the individual college students.
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Doi, Lawrence K. "Screening and alcohol brief interventions in antenatal care : a realistic evaluation". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9513.
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Background: Prenatal alcohol consumption is one of the leading preventable causes of birth defects, including fetal alcohol syndrome and learning disabilities. Although there is strong evidence of the benefits of screening and alcohol brief interventions (ABIs) in reducing hazardous and harmful drinking among the primary care population, evidence of its effectiveness with the antenatal care population is limited. Nevertheless, the Scottish Government is incorporating an alcohol screening and ABI programme as part of the routine antenatal care provided to women in a bid to protect the health and safety of the unborn child and improve subsequent health and developmental outcomes. This research therefore seeks to increase understanding of the factors that are likely to influence the effectiveness of this recently implemented programme. It also aims to explore the extent to which contemporary issues such as change in guidelines regarding alcohol consumption during pregnancy influences perceptions and attitudes, and the possible implications of these on the screening and ABI delivery. Methods: The study described in this thesis employed a realistic evaluation methodology. Realistic evaluation is a theory-driven approach to investigating social programmes. It is concerned with hypothesising, testing and refining programme theories by exploring the interaction of contexts, mechanisms and outcomes. To identify the relevant screening and ABI programme theories, two separate systematic reviews, a critical review and four face-to-face interviews were undertaken with health policy implementers. The findings were used to construct context, mechanism and outcomes propositions. The propositions were then tested by conducting individual interviews with seventeen pregnant women and fifteen midwives, a further six midwifery team leaders were involved in a focus group discussion. A thematic approach using a hybrid of inductive and deductive coding and theme development informed the qualitative analysis. Results: In the context of uncertainties regarding the threshold of drinking that causes fetal harm, pregnant women reported that screening assessment helped them to reflect on their drinking behaviour and facilitate behaviour change. For women who drank at hazardous and harmful levels before attending the booking appointment, screening and ABI may be helpful in terms of eliciting behaviour change. However, they may not be very beneficial in terms of reducing harm to the fetus as it has been found that drinking during the first trimester poses the most risk to the fetus. Training and resources provided to midwives as part of the screening and ABI programme were found to be facilitating mechanisms that midwives indicated improved their skills and confidence. However, most of the midwives had not subsequently employed the motivational interviewing skills required for the ABI delivery, as many of the pregnant women reported that they reduced or abstained from alcohol consumption once pregnancy was confirmed. The outcome noted was that midwives confidence decreased leading to missed opportunities to appropriately deliver the ABI to eligible women. The small numbers of women being identified for ABI meant midwives rarely delivered the ABI. This negatively influenced midwives attitudes as they then accorded ABI low priority in their workload. Other disenabling mechanisms noted to be hampering the implementation of the screening and ABI initiative included midwives contending with competing priorities at the booking appointments, and the lack of adequate rapport between midwives and pregnant women at the booking appointment to discuss alcohol issues appropriately, leading to women providing socially desirable responses to screening questions. Conclusions: The findings of this study has generated greater explanations of the working of the screening and ABI programme in antenatal care setting and has provided transferable lessons that can be used by others intending to implement similar programmes in other settings.
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Monro, Craig Clare. "Solution-focused brief therapy, a process-outcome study of positively oriented interventions". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0007/MQ46214.pdf.
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Tabares, Amber A. "How couples praise and complain : an examination of two brief marital interventions /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9185.
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Wen, Ming-Ching. "Two brief interventions to bolster problem solving in young and older adults". Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.541972.
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Cox, Michelle S. "Use of Brief Experimental Assessment for Selecting Interventions to Increase Positive Social Interaction". DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/278.
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Different reasons for social withdrawal include a performance deficit, a social skill deficit, lack of peer support, and avoidance of anxiety or aversive interactions. Each of these reasons for social withdrawal may require a different intervention. This study investigated the utility of brief experimental analysis for identifying the most functional intervention to increase positive peer interactions for three socially withdrawn students. Using a multiple baseline and multi-element single subject design, three treatments were administered to compare differences in peer interactions during recess. Interventions were contingent reward, a social skills training with peer mediation, and a brief cognitive-behavioral strategy. Although students responded differently to the three interventions, the social skills training with peer mediation intervention showed the greatest gains for all students during the brief assessment and when implemented over time.
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Mong, Kristi Westmoreland. "A comparison of brief experimental analysis and extended intervention analysis for identifying reading interventions for at-risk elementary students". Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07142008-170042.
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Hosier, Steven G. "An evaluation of two brief interventions aimed at reducing college students' alcohol use". Thesis, Bangor University, 2002. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-evaluation-of-two-brief-interventions-aimed-at-reducing-college-students-alcohol-use(0bb53118-bcdd-42ad-90ab-10b245f60e54).html.
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College students' drinking patterns have been a cause for concern for a number of years. The present study evaluated the relative effectiveness of two brief interventions aimed at reducing alcohol consumption among heavy-drinking students. The first intervention delivered personalised feedback about students' alcohol use and other alcohol-related information. The other one delivered nonpersonalised feedback. It was hypothesised that the personalised feedback would be more successful than nonpersonalised feedback in motivating heavy-drinking students to reduce their alcohol consumption. The study began with a large-scale, screening survey of students' alcohol use. The survey first identified heavy-drinking students, who then completed a baseline assessment comprising questionnaire measures related to personality, motivation, reasons for drinking, high-risk drinking situations, and alcohol-related problems. Following the baseline assessment, the heavy-drinking students (n= 111) were randomly assigned to either one of three groups; personalised feedback, nonpersonalised feedback, or a non-intervention control group. Students (n= 110) in all three groups were followed-up 12 weeks after the interventions had been delivered. The results showed that personalised alcohol-related feedback produced the greatest increase in students' readiness to change their excessive drinking. However, there was no evidence for an effect of intervention on students' actual consumption. At baseline it was found that as students' alcohol-related problems increased there were also increases in (a) the amount of alcohol that they consumed, (b) the negative-affect situations in which they drank, and (c) their maladaptive motivational patterns. In fact, each of the latter three variables contributed uniquely to the variance in alcohol-related problems. The results were discussed from the perspective of a motivational model of alcohol use (Cox & Klinger, 1988). It was concluded that the findings of the present study have important implications for future brief interventions among students.
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Lacey, Joanne. "Alcohol brief interventions : Exploring the perceptions and training needs of community health care professionals". Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517318.
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Quigley, Catherine Frances. "A psychosocial model of drinking amongst young people and the effects of brief interventions". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10345/.
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The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) is an attitude-behaviour model that has received considerable research attention for a plethora of health topics. However, it has received little attention in the alcohol use arena among young people, particularly adolescents. The main aim of the thesis is to test the 'augmented model of the TPB that encapsulates more theory driven conceptualisations of the social norm component. The behaviour of interest is alcohol consumption. The second aim of the thesis is to utilise and test the effectiveness of brief interventions. The population of interest is young people - namely university undergraduates and adolescents. The thesis is divided into two broad sections. First, two studies that provide data to support the usefulness of the TPB as a predictor of alcohol consumption intentions and behaviour are reported. Evidence is submitted supporting the inclusion of wider conceptualisations of the social norm component to aid in the prediction of this behaviour, as well as for the inclusion of past behaviour as an important determinant of future behaviour. The data support the distinction between behavioural intentions and behavioural willingness for younger and older adolescents. Second, the effectiveness of brief intervention studies is reported. The primary aim of the interventions was to reduce alcohol consumption in adolescents and undergraduates. A secondary aim of the research was to utilise the augmented TPB as an evaluation tool to establish how effective interventions work. The first intervention study examined the effect of personalised feedback in reducing the number of weekly units consumed among university undergraduates, whilst exploring the role of social cognition variables as moderators of efficacy. Although the feedback intervention was effective at reducing behaviour, contrary to predictions, social cognition variables did not moderate the intervention; however, past behaviour was shown to moderate the relationship between condition and behaviour scores. The second intervention study examined the effect of resistance skills training in reducing drinking behaviour among adolescents. It was shown that none of the augmented TPB variables were mediators. The conclusions that can be drawn from these studies and their implications for the existing research literature are discussed.
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Stewart, J. Wade. "A Pilot Study of Solution-focused Brief Therapeutic Intervention for Couples". DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1061.
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Over the years, many interventions have been used to ameliorate couple distress and increase relationship satisfaction. These interventions have been getting shorter in duration. The purpose of this pilot study was to test the feasibility and impact of a brief intervention using a solution-focused approach (SFBT) for couples. The brief intervention included two two-hour consultations. Data were collected from 30 couples and were analyzed using a repeated measures design. The analyses yielded mixed results. There were statistically significant improvements in the areas of individual well-being and relationship knowledge. There were no significant differences in terms of marital satisfaction, communication skills, and readiness to change, although positive trends were observed in this pilot phase. Implications for future research and development are discussed.
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Polaha, Jodi, N. Benfield, A. Shultz i R. Powers. "Training Pediatric Primary Care Physicians to Use Brief Behavioral Interventions: A Didactic and Consultative Model". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6603.
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Harleston, Dionne M. "Brief psychological interventions for in-patients with co-existing mental health and substance use disorders". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4800/.
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Aims: This study sought to test the feasibility and impact of a brief intervention for clients with coexisting mental health and substance misuse difficulties in an in-patient psychiatric setting. Methods: 11 participants were recruited to the study from three in-patient psychiatric ward. A case series design encompassing a pre-intervention baseline assessment period, a brief integrated motivational intervention and post intervention assessment (immediately following the intervention and approximately one month after). Analysis was undertaken using the reliable change index (RCI) (Jacobson and Traux, 1991) and analysis of themes from a brief post intervention semi-structured interview. Results: Analysis of the eight of the 11 cases followed up (4 intervention and 4 non-intervention cases) showed no significant difference between the groups who reported little change in process or outcome variables following the intervention. In contrast, a number of cases from both groups reported reduced substance use. Discussion: The brief integrated motivation intervention appeared to be feasible for those patients whose length of stay spanned the intervention. Difficulties in implementation such as attrition due to discharge and follow up in the community were identified along with the need for more sensitive measures for this population. Issues for implementation and future research are discussed.
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Moghaddam, Nima. "The impact of brief exposure and acceptance interventions on implicit verbal relations in spider-fear". Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2011. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/18949/.
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Theories of implicit cognition suggest that behaviour is partly influenced by automatic processes of perception and memory (implicit cognition). An important implication of these theories is that patient self−report may not capture influential processes in psychological disorders (as some of these processes may not be available to self-report). For example, a patient may report that they are no longer anxious (based on their current awareness or willingness to disclose) but may retain implicit/hidden processing biases (e.g., in sensitivity to threat) that leave them vulnerable to relapse in the future. Evidence suggests that, for various psychological disorders, relapse following temporarily successful treatment is not uncommon; the literature around implicit cognition may help to improve understanding of relapse processes. Investigation of implicit cognition has further clinical implications: for enhancing our comprehension of how existing treatment may be effective (e.g., through implicit and/or explicit processes) and of how to develop treatment that influences implicit (in addition to explicit) cognition. Researchers have now developed a number of methods for accessing/measuring implicit processes and these have been shown to predict behaviour in various psychological disorders. An important question arising from the literature around implicit cognition and its potential role in psychopathology is: do existing treatment interventions affect implicit processes? More broadly, how malleable are implicit processes? Can implicit processes be changed in a way that supports desired functioning? Research to date is limited and contradictory in its findings. The present research contributed to knowledge by examining the effects of two treatment−analogue interventions on implicit relational processes. The two interventions (exposure and acceptance/defusion) examined in the present research were based on existing clinical treatments. Spider fear was examined as a test construct in this research. The present research applied an implicit assessment procedure, intervention, and interpretive framework deriving from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (and the underlying Relational Frame Theory). In this way, the present research attempted to draw together theoretically coherent aspects of basic and applied psychology to better understand the constructs of interest. Towards the aim of testing the impact of brief exposure and acceptance interventions on implicit verbal relations in spider-fear (in addition to spider-fear-related self-report and behavioural indices), three specific objectives were identified: 1. To examine effects of exposure and acceptance interventions on implicit (and explicit) measures of spider fear 2. To test the predictive relationship between implicit (and explicit) spider fear and spider-approach behaviour 3. Combining the above, to examine intervention effects on behaviour (directly and/or via fear measures). 48 participants (from a non-clinical sample) were randomly allocated to receive one of the two interventions. Participants completed pre− and post−intervention measures of implicit (and explicit) spider fear and a post−intervention behavioural approach test. Implicit fear incrementally predicted behaviour over explicit fear, replicating previous findings. However, neither intervention appeared to affect implicit fear. Interventions did have differential effects on explicit fear and overt behaviour; notably, defusion facilitated greater approach behaviour than exposure. Discussion centres on clinical and theoretical implications of the research, considering limitations and directions for future research.
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Guerreiro, Da Costa Ana. "'Every little helps' : effects of brief mindfulness or relaxation interventions in patients with acute depression". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/every-little-helps(38efa4c0-f004-495f-a885-8d54cfbffe44).html.
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Introduction: Depression can be a very debilitating condition and can take a persistent course. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have shown benefits for reducing risk of relapse and current depression. However, despite a strong body of evidence, there are currently few studies that have investigated the relative efficacy of MBI compared with an active control intervention. Moreover, little is known about purported mechanisms of action in MBI. The present study aimed to examine the effects of a brief mindfulness intervention as compared to a relaxation intervention in a sample of depressed patients. In addition, the study aimed to investigate which psychological variables contribute to changes in symptoms and mood. Method: Forty depressed patients (DPs) were recruited from the waiting list of IAPT services. Twenty participants were randomly allocated to a mindfulness intervention and 20 to a relaxation intervention. Participants (n= 40) attended two face-to-face assessments one week apart (active treatment phase), and had a follow-up one week later (n= 37) (follow-up phase). Participants were taught the intervention (mindfulness or relaxation) in the first assessment and were asked to practise it daily over the following week. Depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning, and emotion regulation were assessed at pre, post-intervention and follow-up. Results: From pre to post-intervention, self-reported symptoms of depression significantly decreased, cognitive functioning and emotion regulation significantly increased, changes were maintained at follow-up, but no differences between the two groups were found. Decentering and mindfulness were significant predictors of changes in depressive symptoms during the active and follow-up phases of treatment, respectively. Discussion: Both mindfulness and relaxation interventions reduced depression and enhanced cognitive functioning, which points to common elements between the two interventions. Decentering and mindfulness were common predictors of change. The findings have clear clinical implications, but also raise challenges regarding selecting a suitable active comparison treatment for mindfulness research.
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Klein, Keith Patrick. "The Differential Effect of Two Brief Mindfulness Interventions on Cognitive and Somatic Symptoms of Anxiety". OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2244.
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Mindfulness meditation has received increased attention from clinicians and researchers alike in recent decades and subsequently has been incorporated into treatments for a variety of psychological conditions, including anxiety. Although a small body of experimental research examining the influence of mindfulness on anxiety has developed, few studies to date have experimentally tested the effects of mindfulness meditations beyond a brief breathing meditation. This gap in the literature restricts our understanding of the efficacy of various brief mindfulness interventions currently utilized as clinical tools for anxiety. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to expand upon previous studies by examining the differential effect of two mindfulness exercises – a mindful body scan and a breathing meditation. More specifically, the current project investigated the influence of each intervention on 1) state mindfulness, 2) state cognitive anxiety, and 3) state somatic anxiety. Further, the project examined the moderating influence of participants’ reactions and compliance to each condition on pre-to-post intervention changes in cognitive and somatic anxiety. The current study suggests that brief mindfulness tasks induced state decentering, but not curiosity. However, there appears to be relative uniformity in the effect of both interventions on cognitive and somatic anxiety. Finally, the current study indicates that enjoyment while completing a mindfulness exercise is an important moderating factor on the efficacy of mindfulness interventions for anxiety.
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Chibambo, Vimbayinashe Sithembile. "Caregivers' and adolescents' perceptions of a culturally adapted, evidence—based programme for substance-misusing teens". Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32209.
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Context – The prevalence of problem substance use is a global concern, particularly for adolescents due to their ongoing developmental changes. Amongst other contributory factors, parenting styles adopted by parents and caregivers can either; increase the risks of their children developing substance misuse problems or prevent its onset. Knowledge about the needs and experiences of the caregivers of adolescents who misuse substances is limited and greatly under-researched. Brief interventions (BIs) have been identified as an effective means of tackling this problem-type behaviour among adolescents, including ‘Teen Intervene', which was developed in the US. This evidence-based intervention included a parent component which has been found to further enhance the interventions' positive outcomes. Rationale – In light of the unique caregiver structures in South Africa, the general neglect of their needs in the South African literature with regards to interventions and the high prevalence of adolescent substance misuse in the Western Cape, exploring these needs within the country's context is warranted and necessary. Design and data collection – This was a qualitative study and data for the study was collected in two main phases: through focus group discussions to identify caregivers needs and to explore perceptions of the intervention; and post-intervention interviews with caregivers and adolescents at a 1-month follow-up session. Findings – Template analysis revealed six main themes: 1) Access to knowledge about substance misuse; 2) Parenting skills; 3) Sources of emotional support; 4) Empowerment for female caregivers; 5) Financial concerns; and 6) Alternative solutions to adolescent's involvement in the justice system. Caregivers also reported various feelings that are a direct result of their experiences. Discussion – Caregivers have distinct needs that require designated responses, however, some of these needs can be addressed through their inclusion in treatment interventions for adolescents who misuse substances.
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Smith, Rhonda Lea. "Examining A Brief Behavior Progress Monitoring Tool's Sensitivity to Change". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612826.
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Current research suggests schools face many barriers in effectively monitoring student's response to behavioral interventions in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the FastBridge - Direct Behavior Rating (FastBridge-DBR), a brief, novel progress monitoring measure, designed to assess student behavioral change in response to a classroom behavioral intervention. Twenty-four elementary teacher-student dyads implemented a daily progress report intervention to promote positive student behavior during pre-specified classroom activities. FastBridge-DBR data were then collected for three target behaviors (i.e., Academic Engagement, Disruptive Behavior, Withdrawal) and compared to Systematic Direct Observation (SDO) data. Five change metrics (i.e., absolute change, percent of change from baseline, improvement rate difference, Tau-U, effect size; Gresham, 2005) were used to examine sensitivity to change. The Usage Rating Profile - Assessment (URP-A) was used to evaluate teacher acceptability of FastBridge-DBR. FastBridge-DBR scores were highly correlated with SDO data, demonstrating evidence of concurrent validity. FastBridge-DBR change metrics were significantly correlated with SDO change metrics. Additionally, while teachers provided high acceptability ratings for FastBridge-DBR, there was a lack of association between teachers' ratings of acceptability and student behavioral change. Implications for practice, study limitations, and areas of future research are discussed.
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Kvamme, Maria. "Med varandra mot problemen! : Korttidsbehandling med familj och skola. En intervjustudie med fyra deltagargrupper". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Psykoterapi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-52777.
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Denna uppsats är en utvärdering av en metod där socialtjänsten i Haninge kommun arbetar behandlande med familj- och skolsystemet. Behandlingsformen kallas korttidsbehandling och följer en manual som behandlare skapat utifrån inspiration av Barn och Ungdomspsykiatrin (BUP) i Östersund. Metoden är inte tidigare utvärderad. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes med fyra föräldragrupper och respektive fyra skolpersonalgrupper som deltagit efter en relativt kort prövotid av metoden. Det övergripande syftet med studien var därför att få en ökad förståelse för vilken betydelse korttidsbehandlingen har för familj respektive skolpersonal. I intervjuerna beskrivs att processen under behandlingen påminner om nätverksspiralen i nätverksterapi. I boken Nätverksterapi beskriver Svedhem nätverksspiralen. Den beskriver olika faser i ett möte: Retribalisering, polarisering, mobilisering, depression, genombrott och hänförelse/ utmattning (Forsberg & Wallmark (1998). Studien visar också att korttidsbehandling passar för föräldrar och skolpersonal när man vill stärka samarbetet mellan de olika systemen. Ett annat fynd är att mötets struktur och behandlarnas förhållningssätt ”jämnar” ut en ojämlik situation och bidrar till att förståelsen mellan skolpersonal och föräldrar ökar. Slutligen visar studien att förälder och skolpersonal tycker att de fått stöd i att hitta en gemensam plan för att skapa förändring för det utsatta barnet. Om behandlingen haft positiva effekter för barnet behöver studeras mer. En randomiserad studie där man jämför ”treatment as usual” med korttidsbehandlingen skulle behöva göras för att mer säkert kunna påvisa att behandlingen har den effekt som deltagarna vittnar om.
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Aiello, Megan. "The Impact of Brief Mindfulness Interventions on Attentional Control in Anxious Undergraduates: A Randomized Controlled Study". OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1287.
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Mindfulness practice is associated with reduced anxiety, enhanced tolerance of negative affect, lower stress reactivity, improved task concentration, increased cognitive flexibility, and enhanced neurological functioning. However, mindfulness-based treatments are highly varied in duration, type and extent or training provided, and treatment focus. Studies of mindfulness interventions also often fail to operationally define mindfulness, which poses a challenging for understanding the mechanism(s) of change involved in its anxiolytic effects. In the current study, attentional control was examined as a possible mechanism of change, as it is largely deficient in individuals with anxiety yet necessary for extinction learning in treatment. In theory, mindfulness interventions can facilitate increased attentional control during exposure tasks, thereby enhancing new learning and eventually improving treatment outcomes. Using a randomized controlled design, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of mindfulness on attentional control for anxious individuals, with a specific examination of two types of mindfulness exercises: mindful physiological awareness and mindful acceptance. 142 participants were recruited from undergraduate psychology classes at Southern Illinois University, of which 63 had moderate-high trait anxiety and 79 had low trait anxiety (per STAI-Trait score). All participants completed baseline self-report questionnaires, after which they completed a mixed saccade task followed by listening to a 15-minute audio-recorded intervention based on group assignment. Finally, they completed a post-test mixed saccade task and post-test self-report questionnaires. It was hypothesized that both mindfulness groups would demonstrate significantly improved inhibition and shifting processing efficiencies compared to a mind wandering control, and that the mindful acceptance group would demonstrate significantly greater gains than the mindful physiological awareness group. Minimal differences in performance effectiveness were expected among all groups. Contrary to hypotheses, results indicated no significant effects of group on inhibition and shifting processing efficiencies or performance effectiveness in the anxious subsample. However, in the non-anxious subsample, the mindful acceptance group had shorter reaction times than the other two groups and the mindful physiological awareness group had higher accuracy rates than the control group. Findings suggest anxious individuals may need more extensive mindfulness practice to improve attentional control, as they tend to display greater attention deficits than non-anxious individuals. However, the study was limited in sample size and further research and study replication is needed prior to making conclusions about whether attentional control is a true mechanism of change. Study limitations, strengths, and future directions for study are also discussed.
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Alfonso, Jacqueline. "FEEDBACK-BASED ALCOHOL INTERVENTIONS FOR MANDATED STUDENTS: A COMPARISON OF INDIVIDUAL, GROUP, AND ELECTRONIC FORMATS". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2167.
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The present study examined the effectiveness of personalized alcohol feedback interventions in three different delivery formats on alcohol use and related negative consequences in a sample of mandated college students referred for alcohol-related violations. Participants were randomized to one of three conditions: an individually-delivered face-to-face intervention, a group-delivered face-to-face intervention, or a web-based electronically-delivered intervention. Given that the current study sought to modify factors associated with alcohol use, analyses were conducted using only those participants who reported alcohol use at the baseline assessment. The final sample resulted in 173 participants, 18-years-of-age and over, and consisted of 57% males (n = 98) who ranged in age from 18 to 25 years, with a mean age of 18.77 (SD = 1.08). The sample distributions in the individual, group, and electronic conditions were 53 (35 males), 72 (41 males), and 48 (22 males), respectively. Self-reported participant race was 82% White, 9% "Other", 4% Black, 4% Asian, and 1% American Indian or Alaska Native, with 91% classifying their ethnicity as Non-Latino/a. Participant class standing consisted of 69% freshmen, 21% sophomores, 6% juniors, and 4% seniors. The type of housing participants reported living in was comprised of 51% on-campus residence hall, 24% off-campus without parents, 20% university-affiliated off-campus, 2% off-campus with parents, 2% "other" type of housing, and 1% who reported living in a fraternity/sorority house. Findings revealed statistically significant reductions in alcohol use for the individually-delivered intervention, and statistically significant reductions in alcohol-related harms for the individually- and electronically-delivered interventions. No statistically significant results were found for the group-delivered intervention. This study is the first randomized clinical trial to compare an empirically supported individually-delivered personalized alcohol feedback intervention with more cost-effective group- and electronically-delivered feedback formats within a single research design. This examination also sought to add to the extant literature on mandated college students by expanding the range of participant drinking habits reported at baseline to include all drinking levels (excluding those meeting criteria for alcohol dependence), not solely those classified as 'heavy drinking,' as is the typical research convention. Additionally, given the potential demand characteristics to underreport illegal and/or illicit behaviors, this is the first study to provide mandated college students with anonymity pre- and post-intervention. Suggestions for future research, limitations of the current investigation, and implications for the development and improvement of personalized feedback interventions and of interventions aimed at mandated college students are also discussed.Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD
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Löwegren, Elisabeth, i Evelina Lind. "Integrerad Beteendehälsa i primärvården - studie av processfaktorer och behandlingsutfall. : En enkelblind randomiserad klinisk prövning av Brief Interventions och vägledd självhjälp". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-84867.
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Primärvårdens uppdrag innefattar behandling av psykisk ohälsa och för närvarande överstiger behandlingsbehovet vårdnivåns resurser. Integrerad beteendehälsa (IBH) är en organisationsmodell för primärvård som tidseffektivt tillgängliggör psykologisk behandling. Föreliggande pilotstudie ägde rum under perioden januari till april 2019 på vårdcentralen Centrum, som arbetade enligt modellen för IBH. Syftet för studien var att utvärdera effekterna av behandling med Brief Interventions (BI) respektive vägledd självhjälp avseende patienternas vardagliga funktionsnivå, livskvalitet och symtom. Mätningar genomfördes innan behandling påbörjades, efter fyra veckor samt efter åtta veckor. Vidare undersöktes processfaktorer, så som hur stor andel av patienterna som skulle kunna tillgodogöra sig behandling med självhjälp, samt huruvida införande av en sådan behandling skulle kunna vara motiverad i primärvårdsmiljö utifrån tidseffektivitetsperspektiv. Totalt randomiserades 41 patienter mellan behandling med BI respektive en utökad bedömning följt av behandling med vägledd självhjälp. De patienter som vid den utökade bedömningen inte befanns lämpliga för vägledd självhjälp fick behandling med BI. Sammantaget fullföljde 29 patienter behandling inom ramen för studien. Resultaten visade att både BI och självhjälp förbättrade patienternas vardagliga funktionsnivå, livskvalitet och symtomnivå, samt att det fanns få skillnader i behandlingsutfall mellan grupperna. Tidsåtgången för personalen var större för behandling med självhjälp jämfört med BI. Vidare forskning behövs för att utvärdera psykologisk behandling anpassad till primärvården.A commitment of primary care is mental health treatment. At present the need for treatment exceeds accessible resources. Primary Care Behavioral Health (PCBH) is a model of organization of primary care with the aim to make access to mental treatment from a time-efficiency perspective. The present study was conducted between January and April 2019 at Vårdcentralen Centrum, a primary care unit organized in accordance with PCBH. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of treatment with Brief Interventions (BI) and guided self-help regarding daily functioning, quality of life and aggregate level of symptoms. Self-assessments were filled out by the patients before treatment, at FU4 and at FU8. Furthermore, proportion of patients suitable for self-help treatment was examined, and whether introduction of such a treatment might be justified in the context of primary care on basis of time effectiveness approach. In overall, 41 patients were randomized to two conditions: BI treatment and, respectively, extended assessment with subsequent self-help treatment. Participants, not found suitable for self-help at the extended assessment, got treatment with BI. Within the study, 29 patients went through treatment. The results showed that groups treated with BI and self-help had improved significantly between before treatment and FU8 regarding daily functioning, quality of life and level of symptoms. There were in general little differences in improvement between the two groups. Furthermore, timescale for the group that got extended assessment and subsequent self-help treatment, was significantly larger than timescale for the group that got BI treatment. For future research, evaluation of short-term forms of mental treatment in primary care ought to be relevant.
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Hill, LaMisha. "Evaluating the Brief Alcohol Screening for College Students (BASICS) in Small Group Settings for Mandated College Students Engaged in High-Risk Drinking". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13446.
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Utilizing a well-established manualized alcohol-focused intervention, the Brief Alcohol Screening for College Students (BASICS), this study explored the efficacy of implementing BASICS in a small group setting for mandated college students. The study assessed pretest and posttest data over a two month period to explore whether participation in the small group implementation of BASICS was associated with changes in substance use and related risk factors (i.e., alcohol use, marijuana use, typical blood alcohol concentration, peak blood alcohol concentration, hazardous drinking, alcohol consequences, risky sexual behavior, and depression and anxiety), pro-social change factors (i.e., harm reduction, readiness for change, and student engagement), and coping behaviors.
Repeated measures multivariate analyses of variance and covariance were conducted with a final sample of 52 participants. Multivariate analyses were examined with and without the use of covariates (baseline alcohol use and alcohol consequences scores) for substance use and related risk factors and pro-social change factors. Further exploration of substance use and related risk factors were conducted with the addition of marijuana condition. A final set of analyses explored fourteen subscales of coping behaviors.
Given limitations surrounding small and homogenous sampling, results should be interpreted with caution. The main analyses revealed no significant differences between the intervention and waitlist control group for substance use and related risk factors outcomes. This study is unable to make a definitive judgment on the effectiveness of BASICS implemented in small group setting for mandated students; however, findings suggest that in a small group setting BASICS may facilitate a reduction in engagement with substance use behaviors and associated consequences but does not promote lower risk practices. The examination of the marijuana condition revealed that participants who endorsed marijuana use demonstrated higher baseline scores for alcohol use, hazardous drinking, alcohol consequences, and risky sexual behavior. Overall, further analyses need to be conducted to determine the effectiveness of BASICS implemented in a small group setting for mandated students. These future research endeavors may benefit from collaborative efforts to increase sample size and implement the intervention with more diverse student populations.
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Dwommoh, Rebecca Akua Kyerewaa. "Brief interventions to address substance use in emergency departments in the Western Cape: a cost-effectiveness analysis". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6031.
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Kuhle, Jennifer Lynn. "Use of brief experimental analysis to identify early literacy interventions in students with letter-sound correspondence deficits". Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2103.
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A Brief Experimental Analysis (BEA) is used to quickly and simultaneously evaluate two or more interventions so that the most effective intervention is selected for on-going implementation (Daly, Witt, Martens, & Dool, 1997; Martens & Gertz, 2009). Oral reading fluency interventions have been successfully evaluated using a BEA, yet minimal research studies have evaluated early literacy interventions within this context (Daly, Martens, Hamler, Dool, Eckert, 1999; Eckert, Ardoin, Daly, & Martens, 2002; McComas & Burns, 2009). The primary goal of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of a BEA in selecting a letter-sound correspondence intervention for individual students. A comparison of early intervention strategies was also completed as part of an extended analysis. The study was conducted in two phases with three kindergarten students.
First, a BEA was used to evaluate performance-based and skill-based interventions designed to increase letter-sound correspondence in three kindergarten students. Specifically, four experimental conditions were evaluated: baseline, reward, incremental rehearsal (IR) + reward, and systematic incremental rehearsal (SIR) + reward. Effectiveness of the interventions was measured using early literacy curriculum-based measurement probes. Following the BEA, an extended analysis was completed in which IR + reward and SIR + reward were both implemented with each student to compare effectiveness and evaluate whether the BEA identified the more powerful intervention to improve letter-sound correspondence.
Results indicated that in all three participants there was minimal differentiation across BEA conditions. It appears that LSF probes were not sensitive enough to measure growth or progress in the BEA. As suggested by Petursdottir and colleagues (2014), individualized probes may be required when completing a BEA of early literacy skills. During the extended analysis, all three participants made gains in letter-sound correspondence with SIR and IR interventions. When comparing the two interventions, participants appeared to make more immediate gains with SIR. Overall, both interventions appeared to be viable options for teaching students letter-sound correspondence.
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Denison, Aaron John. "Utility of an Error Analysis and Performance Deficit Assessment for Selecting Brief Interventions to Increase Math Fluency". DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1485.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of a brief assessment for the selection of an effective instruction to increase fluency performance on computation math problems. Participants were four general education third-grade students who performed below the median score on a classwide administered multiple math skills probe. Students first participated in a brief assessment within a mini-withdrawal design to compare the relative effects of a contingent reward (CR) condition to a baseline condition on math fluency performance using a multiple skills probe. All four students increased performance when given an opportunity to earn an incentive for meeting a performance goal. Increased performance indicated a performance deficit to explain low math performance and that the students would positively respond to a contingent reward intervention on single math skills. To validate this hypothesis, the effects of baseline, CR, and instruction plus CR on fluency performance over time was assessed using a multiple baseline design across three single target skills for each student. Of the 12 skills assessed, results from the extended analysis demonstrated that the CR was effective on one skill, instruction plus CR was effective on five skills, and performance improved during baseline on six skills. Post results showed improved performance on the multiple probe for all students but performance was retained over 2 to 4 weeks on 5 of the 12 skills mastered during the study. Discussion focuses on considerations of the utility of a brief assessment approach in the application decision making and for future research
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Young, James A. (James Alan) 1968. "Brief Symptom Inventory : Music and Non-Music Students". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500917/.
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The present study is a comparison of music and non-music students with respect to their response patterns on the Brief Symptom Inventory as well as several demographic questions. The sample consisted of 148 non-music students and 141 music students at three levels: (1) freshmen/sophomore; (2) juniors/seniors; and (3) graduate students. Music students consisted of volunteers from several different music classes and non-music students were volunteers from non-music classes. There were no significant differences found among or between groups for the BSI subscales. However, music students were significantly less likely to have gone to counseling in the past and to seek professional counseling for future problems. Recommendations for psycho-educational interventions with musicians are discussed as well as suggestions for future research.
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Henry, Leanna. "The Brief Coping Cat for Students who are Gifted and Experience Anxiety". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1622714249973668.
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Murray, Heather W. Herbert James D. "The impact of brief acceptance-based versus control-based interventions on distress tolerance in early lapsing nicotine dependent individuals /". Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1793.
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Sá, Edmundo José Bragança de. "How effective are brief interventions in smoking cessation: project of a cohort study in a family health care unit". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. UNL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9253.
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ABSTRACT: Tobacco use remains the most significant modifiable cause of disability, death and illness1. In Portugal, 19,6% of the population aged ten years or more smoke3. A Cochrane review of 20087 concluded that a brief advice intervention (compared to usual care) can increase the likelihood of a smoker to quit and remain nonsmoker 12 months later by a further 1 to 3 %. Several studies have shown that Primary Care Physicians can play a key role in these interventions8,9,10. However we did not find studies about the effectiveness of brief interventions in routine consultations of Family Doctors in Portugal. For this reason we designed a Cohort Study to make an exploratory study about the effectiveness of brief interventions of less than three minutes in comparison with usual care in
routine consultations. The study will be implemented in a Family Healthcare Unit in Beja, during six months. Family Doctors of the intervention group should be submitted for an educational and training program before the study begin. Quit smoking sustained rates will be estimated one year
after the first intervention in each smoker. If, as we expect, quit smoking rates will be higher in the intervention group than in the control group, this may change Portuguese Family Doctors attitudes and increase the provision of brief interventions in routine consultations in Primary Healthcare Centers.
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Vulic, Stefania, i Linda Johansson. "Utvärdering av Integrerad Beteendehälsa i primärvården med eller utan tillägg av vägledd självhjälp – effekter på generella och specifika symtom". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-84917.
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Socialstyrelsen menar att primärvården står inför en utmaning att tillgodose tillgänglig psykologisk behandling till ett växande behov. Ett möjligt tillvägagångssätt skulle kunna vara Integrerad beteendehälsa som eftersträvar att kunna erbjuda korta psykologiska interventioner med hög tillgänglighet. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att jämföra två varianter av Integrerad beteendehälsa; ett sedvanligt upplägg med Brief Interventions och ett upplägg med utökad bedömning och möjligheten till vägledd självhjälp för ett specifikt problem. Det här med avseende på generella symtom och symtom specifika för just det problem som patienter erhållit självhjälp för, alternativt bedömts skulle ha passat för självhjälp avseende ett specifikt problem. Resultaten visade att den generella symtomnivån förbättrades för gruppen som helhet, samt inom respektive grupp. Den problemspecifika symtomnivån sjönk för både patienter som erhållit vägledd självhjälp och för patienter som erhållit Brief Interventions men vars problemprofil visat att de hade passat för en specifik självhjälpsmanual. Någon signifikant skillnad i symtomförändring, oavsett generell eller problemspecifik, kunde inte hittas. I diskussionen problematiseras bland annat den interna validiteten och den naturalistiska miljön lyfts som en styrka.The national board of health and wellfare are stating that primary care faces a major challenge in providing available psychological treatment to an increasing need. One possible approach is Integrated Behavioral Health, which strives towards offering brief psychological interventions with great access. The purpose of the following study was to compare two different methods of Integrated Behavioral Health; an ordinary set up with Brief Interventions and one set up with extended assesment and the possibility of guided self-help treatment for a particular problem. This regarding general as well as specific symptoms for the particular problem the patient has received guided self-help for, or considered to have been suited for. The results showed that the general level of symptoms improved for all patients, merged into one group, and within the respective group. The level of the problem-specific symptom decreased for patients who received guided self-help and for patients who received Brief Interventions, but whose problem profile showed that they had fit for a specific self-help manual. No significant difference in symptom change, regardless of general or problem- specific, could be found. In the discussion, the internal validity is discussed, and the naturalistic environment is described as a strength.
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Bond, Kirsten. "A brief psychoeducation intervention for patients with bipolar disorder : effect on attitudes and beliefs and their relationship to clinical outcomes". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-brief-psychoeducation-intervention-for-patients-with-bipolar-disorder-effect-on-attitudes-and-beliefs-and-their-relationship-to-clinical-outcomes(a2b7f420-b1f8-443d-a8ba-970e81bae01f).html.
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Bipolar disorder (BPD) is associated with negative health outcomes and high relapse rates and group psychoeducation (PE) is recognised as an effective intervention when used in conjunction with pharmacological treatment. Unhealthy beliefs and attitudes have not been measured or related to outcomes in group PE and the mechanism for how PE exerts its effect are unidentified. Aims: (a). An adapted group psychoeducation intervention will change (improve) unhealthy personal beliefs about illness and attitudes towards medication when compared to a treatment as usual group. (b). Changes in unhealthy personal beliefs and attitudes will be maintained overtime (a 12 month follow up period). (c). People who subsequently relapse compared to those who do not relapse, will have less improvement in their unhealthy personal beliefs about illness and attitudes towards medication from PE. (d). An evaluation of the efficacy of psychoeducation in a systematic review for bipolar disorder in preventing relapse and other outcomes will identify factors that relate to clinical outcomes. Methods: A 10 session PE intervention was adapted and 38 participants with bipolar disorder I or II (using DSM-IV criteria) were recruited from a Specialist Affective Disorders Service. A waiting list assessment time was used as a parallel group control and a longitudinal study took place over a 12 month follow up period in all participants once they had received the intervention. A mirror image study reviewed case notes to identify relapse 12 month pre versus post intervention. Assessments measuring, beliefs and attitudes, mood symptoms and satisfaction where carried out, 8 weeks prior to intervention (waiting list), pre intervention, and 6 and 12 months post intervention. Results Summary: The waiting list control comparison showed significant improvement in attitudes measured by the Personal Beliefs about Illness Questionnaire (PBIQ) and Drug attitude Inventory (DAI) and symptoms and functioning. Beliefs on all domains of the PBIQ improved significantly (p<0.001) as did attitudes toward medication (p<0.001) there were also small but significant improvements in mood symptoms. In all participants (n=38) improvements were maintained over the 12 month follow up period. Nine people relapsed in the 12 months after the intervention compared with 22 before (p<0.002) and relapsers improved significantly less than non-relapsers following PE on the PBIQ (p=0.012) and the DAI (p=0.046). Conclusions: A group PE intervention reduced unhealthy personal beliefs and attitudes, both manic and depressive relapse and improved functioning. Improvements are maintained over time except adherence which remained unchanged. The amount of improvement in the PBIQ and DAI is related to relapse with non relapsers improving more than relapsers. The systematic review provides reasonable evidence that psychoeducation is at least modestly effective in preventing relapse in bipolar disorder, with the strongest evidence for reducing overall and manic relapse.
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Costello, Verona. "An examination of the efficacy of specific nursing interventions to the management of pain in cancer patients". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15792/1/Verona_Costello_Thesis.pdf.
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Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to determine if the nursing interventions of patient education and multidisciplinary coordination of care were able to improve pain control in the cancer patient in an acute hospital setting. Background of the Study: The role of the nurse in cancer pain management has been defined as being that of an educator, coordinator of care and advocate. A nurse with adequate knowledge of pain and its application to the cancer population and functioning in the role as defined is believed to be able to overcome many of the barriers that exist in implementing adequate analgesia and improve pain management in cancer patients. Design of the Study: A randomized experimental control group design was utilized. The study comprised 3 experimental groups and one control group incorporating pre and post testing. The Intervention of the Study: Experimental group one: subjects received education regarding their pain management which was tailored to meet their specific needs. Experimental group two: subjects underwent a pain assessment and construction of a care plan which was communicated verbally to the treating medical and nursing team and followed up with a written report which was documented in the history and sent to the treating medical physician. Experimental group three: subjects received the combined interventions administered to groups one and two. Control group four: subjects were assessed and all information was record in the same manner as for the experimental groups. The control group received their usual care during the study and their pain scores were measured at the same time intervals as the three experimental groups. Instrumentation: The Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire was used for the assessment of all subjects. The McGill Pain Questionnaire was used as the outcome measure following intervention. Data Analysis: A one-way analysis of variance was used to detect the differences between the intervention groups and the control group. T-Tests were used to detect the differences between the groups incorporating a Bonferroni adjustment for frequent T tests. Results: The main effect demonstrated a significant difference between the treatment groups and control at a significance level of 0.002. T-Tests showed no significant difference between control and communication groups and no significant difference between education and combined groups. A significant difference was detected between education and control and between combined and control. Conclusions: Nursing interventions of patient education, coordination of care and advocacy can significantly improve cancer pain management. Intervention was tailored to meet the specific patient needs based on findings from the assessment and was dependent upon an adequate knowledge base. The nursing intervention of education was the most powerful of the three intervention types and its success was in tailoring to each individual. However, it is believed that with further recognition of the role of the nurse as coordinator of care will lead to greater improvements in cancer pain management.
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Costello, Verona. "An Examination of the Efficacy of Specific Nursing Interventions to the Management of Pain in Cancer Patients". Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15792/.
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Aim of the Study The aim of this study was to determine if the nursing interventions of patient education and multidisciplinary coordination of care were able to improve pain control in the cancer patient in an acute hospital setting. Background of the Study The role of the nurse in cancer pain management has been defined as being that of an educator, coordinator of care and advocate. A nurse with adequate knowledge of pain and its application to the cancer population and functioning in the role as defined is believed to be able to overcome many of the barriers that exist in implementing adequate analgesia and improve pain management in cancer patients. Design of the Study A randomized experimental control group design was utilized. The study comprised 3 experimental groups and one control group incorporating pre and post testing. The Intervention of the Study Experimental group one: subjects received education regarding their pain management which was tailored to meet their specific needs. Experimental group two: subjects underwent a pain assessment and construction of a care plan which was communicated verbally to the treating medical and nursing team and followed up with a written report which was documented in the history and sent to the treating medical physician. Experimental group three: subjects received the combined interventions administered to groups one and two. Control group four: subjects were assessed and all information was record in the same manner as for the experimental groups. The control group received their usual care during the study and their pain scores were measured at the same time intervals as the three experimental groups. Instrumentation The Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire was used for the assessment of all subjects. The McGill Pain Questionnaire was used as the outcome measure following intervention. Data Analysis A one-way analysis of variance was used to detect the differences between the intervention groups and the control group. T-Tests were used to detect the differences between the groups incorporating a Bonferroni adjustment for frequent T tests. Results The main effect demonstrated a significant difference between the treatment groups and control at a significance level of 0.002. T-Tests showed no significant difference between control and communication groups and no significant difference between education and combined groups. A significant difference was detected between education and control and between combined and control. Conclusions Nursing interventions of patient education, coordination of care and advocacy can significantly improve cancer pain management. Intervention was tailored to meet the specific patient needs based on findings from the assessment and was dependent upon an adequate knowledge base. The nursing intervention of education was the most powerful of the three intervention types and its success was in tailoring to each individual. However, it is believed that with further recognition of the role of the nurse as coordinator of care will lead to greater improvements in cancer pain management.
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Dench, Samantha Susan. "An investigation into the impact of brief motivational interventions at the start of an outpatient day programme for alcohol dependence". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242750.
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Pachankis, John E., Stacey L. Williams, Kriti Behari, Sarah Job, Erin M. McConocha i Stephenie R. Chaudoir. "Brief Online Interventions for LGBTQ Young Adult Mental and Behavioral Health: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a High-Stigma, Low-Resource Context". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000497.
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OBJECTIVE: To identify scalable interventions for improving sexual minority mental health and health-risk behavior, this study tested the efficacy of two self-guided online writing interventions-expressive writing and self-affirmation. To reach sexual minority young adults living in high-stigma, low-resource settings, we developed and tested these interventions in Appalachian Tennessee. METHOD: In consultation with sexual minority young adults (n = 10) and stakeholders (n = 10) living in Appalachian Tennessee, we adapted these two writing interventions that we then delivered to 108 local sexual minority young adults (Mage = 23.68, SD = 3.11). Participants, representing diverse sexual and gender identities and socioeconomic backgrounds, were randomly assigned to participate in a 3-session expressive writing intervention, self-affirmation intervention, or neutral control. Participants completed mental health and health-risk behavior measures at baseline, postintervention, and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: Compared to the neutral control, expressive writing exerted 3-month improvements in depressive symptoms (d = 0.48) and general psychological distress (d = 0.36) whereas self-affirmation exerted improvement in suicidal ideation (d = 0.62) and drug abuse (d = 0.59). Participants who were exposed to greater contextual minority stressors common in rural regions (i.e., discrimination and victimization) experienced significantly greater 3-month reductions in depression from expressive writing and self-affirmation compared to control. Those who experienced greater discrimination also experienced significantly greater 3-month reductions in suicidality from self-affirmation compared to control. CONCLUSION: Brief writing interventions exert significant impact on the mental health of young adult sexual minorities, especially those exposed to minority stress. Future research can consider strategies for population-level implementation, especially in high-stigma, low-resource settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Michael, Dolores D. "Exploring the Lived Experiences of Couples Making the Transition to Parenthood and the Meaning They Ascribe to Brief, Couple-Focused Preventative Interventions". DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2791.
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A descriptive, phenomenological research design was used to gain a deeper understanding of the nature and meaning of couples’ experiences as they made the transition to parenthood. Specifically, this study examined what is the lived experience of couples making the transition to parenthood and what meaning do they ascribed to the experience of brief, couple-focused, preventative interventions? Five couples who were expecting their first baby participated in this study. From the data provided, two major categories emerged. The first was the couples’ experiences with becoming new parents and the second was the couples’ experiences with therapy. Under the first category, five major themes emerged: (1) physical and emotional challenges, (2) bonding with baby, (3) satisfaction in roles and new identity, (4) impact of social support, and (5) stability of relationship satisfaction. Three themes were discovered under the category related to the couples’ experience with therapy: (1) facilitated communication, (2) stress management, and (3) preparation for the transition. This study concluded by discussing the essence of the phenomenon of couples’ experiences with the transition to parenthood and the meaning they ascribed to therapeutic interventions along with clinical implications of these findings.
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Knott, Katy Elizabeth. "Alcohol consumption and adherence to self-care behaviours in type 2 diabetes : the inclusion of brief interventions for alcohol in diabetes care". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/28265.
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Type 2 diabetes is a growing health problem worldwide, resulting from the body's inefficiency at utilising insulin or reduced insulin production. For those diagnosed with the chronic health condition careful self-management is required, including following complex medication regimes, exercise, diet and ongoing monitoring by clinicians. Type 2 diabetes is however characterised by poor adherence to self-care behaviours, therefore increasing risk of hypertension, weight gain, renal and nerve damage. A systematic literature review was conducted to scrutinise literature examining psychosocial factors affecting adherence to self-care behaviours. Diverse psychosocial factors were found to affect and facilitate adherence to self-care in those with Type 2 diabetes. Strongest predictors related to social support, depression, self-efficacy and availability of financial resources. Relationship status, employment status, diabetes knowledge, health beliefs, motivation and level of education were also suggested to correlate with adherence. Coping and religion appeared equivocally related. Little research was elicited examining alcohol or smoking, however findings suggested a correlation with reduced adherence to self-care. A quantitative study expanded upon available literature, examining the prevalence of alcohol consumption in the UK Type 2 diabetic population and whether alcohol use correlated with adherence to self-care. A small pilot study examined the efficacy of an intervention to reduce alcohol consumption, and whether this would correlate with improved self-care. Results revealed 9% of the Type 2 diabetic population were consuming alcohol at levels placing them at risk of alcohol-related health problems, with males consuming more than females. A relationship was revealed between increased alcohol consumption and decreased adherence to self-care. Findings have clinical implications regarding the inclusion of screening for alcohol use in routine diabetes care. Due to feasibility issues a small sample were recruited to the pilot study which reduced the ability to confidently infer clinical implications from findings.
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Einarsson, Malin, i Sara Nilsson. "Utvärdering av patienters nöjdhet med Integrerad beteendehälsa inom primärvården- med eller utan tillägg av vägledd självhjälp : En enkelblind randomiserad klinisk prövning och förberedelse av multicenterstudie". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-84437.
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Syftet för föreliggande studie var att undersöka olika sätt att organisera primärvårdens om- händertagande av patienter med psykisk ohälsa och hur det påverkar patienters nöjdhet med vården. Studiens frågeställningar syftade att undersöka 1) skillnader i nöjdhet mellan patienter som erbjuds sedvanlig Integrerad Beteendehälsa (IBH) med Brief Interventions (BI) och de som får utökad bedömning med vägledd självhjälp 2) om patienters vardagliga funktion förbättras och om förbättringen har ett samband med deras upplevelse av nöjdhet 3) hur vanligt negativa upplevelser är inom behandlingsmetoderna. Av 41 randomiserade primärvårdspatienter kunde 30 analyseras utifrån deras upplevda nöjdhet inom vården. Båda grupperna var i genomsnitt nöjda med vården och skattade besöken som hjälpsamma. Patienter som efter utökad bedömning fick vägledd självhjälp skattade tidigt i behandlingen högre grad av nöjdhet och den skillnaden kvarstod. Det fanns en signifikant förändring av vardaglig funktion till det bättre för patientgruppen som helhet, men förändringen korrelerade inte signifikant med nöjdhet. Det fanns en tydlig skillnad i antal rapporterade negativa upplevelser. 14 negativa upplevelser rapporterades av patienter som fått Brief Interventions, medan en negativ upplevelse rapporterades av patienterna som fått vägledd självhjälp. Slutsatser från föreliggande studie bekräftar tidigare forskning kring att nöjdhet går att uppfylla med kortare behandlingsinterventioner samt strukturerade behandlingar.The purpose of the present study was to examine different ways of organizing primary care for patients with general mental disorders, and how the treatment affects the patient’s satisfaction with the care. The study aimed to examine 1) if there is a difference in patient satisfaction between patients offered brief interventions within the primary care behavior health model, and patients offered an extended assessment with guided self help 2) if the patients everyday function improves and correlates with their experience of satisfaction 3) how common adverse events are within the two treatment methods. Out of 41randomized primary care patients, 30 could be analyzed based on their perceived satisfaction in health care. The result showed that both treatment groups were overall satisfied with the care and estimated the care visits as helpful. Patients who received guided self-help estimated a higher degree of satisfaction earlier in the treatment, and the level of satisfaction remained high throughout the treatment. Regarding the patient group as a whole, there was a significant change in everyday function; the patients improved their everyday function although it did not correlate with satisfaction. There was a significant difference in the number of adverse events between the two treatment groups. 14 adverse events were reported from patients who received Brief Interventions and 1 adverse event was reported from a patient who received guided self-help. Conclusions from the present study confirm findings from previous research that it is possible to achieve patient satisfaction with brief treatment interventions and structured treatment plans.
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Trippett, E. M. "Body Mass Index, avoidance and psychosocial factors : what moderates the impact of brief mirror exposure and other interventions on the body image of women?" Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18649/.
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Literature Review: This systematic review sought to determine whether interventions can reduce body dissatisfaction for adults, and whether body mass index (BMI) moderates the effectiveness of body dissatisfaction interventions. A search of two databases produced 14 studies, which generated 21 treatment groups. Where data were available, the relationships between effect size, quality score, publication date and treatment group mean BMI were calculated. A range of body dissatisfaction interventions were found to be effective, in particular those delivered in person, in groups, and using CBT components. There was a strong correlation between study quality and intervention effect size. Larger treatment effect sizes were found among participants with a heavier BMI. Research Report: This study used a non-randomized experimental design to determine the impact of brief mirror exposure on a non-clinical sample of women with a healthy body mass index (BMI) and women with an overweight/obese BMI. It examined the moderating effect of reassurance-seeking, social anxiety, and body avoidance. Forty-six women completed a battery of measures and undertook a 15-minute mirror exposure intervention. Analyses showed that mirror exposure was effective at improving the body perception and satisfaction of overweight/obese women. Reassurance-seeking, social anxiety, and body image avoidance did not affect the impact of mirror exposure.
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Knopp, Jasmin. "Individual differences in response to brief psychological interventions : using a mixed methods design to identify the role of user characteristics in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/individual-differences-in-response-to-brief-psychological-interventions-using-a-mixed-methods-design-to-identify-the-role-of-user-characteristics-in-the-treatment-of-obsessivecompulsive-disorder-ocd(8e5409f1-0c2f-434e-9ba6-a0c402afbc7d).html.
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Background: OCD is a debilitating mental health condition. Poor access to evidence-based psychological treatment has motivated the implementation of low intensity interventions in UK mental health services for OCD. Around one half of those accessing care remain clinically unwell. Service users, providers, and treatment decision-makers could benefit from understanding users' views of low intensity interventions and knowing which users are more likely to benefit from diverse low intensity approaches in order to match individuals with treatments of known efficacy. Aim and objectives: The primary aim of this research was to determine user characteristics associated with engagement and outcome in low intensity interventions for OCD. The objectives of the study were: 1) to review the published literature on predictors of psychological therapy outcome in OCD, 2) to explore individual variation in intervention acceptability, uptake, and engagement, and 3) to identify user characteristics, which moderate intervention engagement and outcome. Methods: This mixed methods thesis was conducted in three parts. Firstly, a systematic review of published trial data was conducted to identify predictors of therapy outcome. Secondly, primary data were collected as part of a large effectiveness trial: 1) qualitative interviews with 36 trial participants, randomised to one of two low intensity interventions (guided self-help; cCBT); and 2) quantitative trial assessments conducted at baseline and at 3-months follow-up. Data from the systematic review and the qualitative study were used to identify possible moderators of outcome. Confirmatory analyses were then conducted on these variables, using data from the quantitative assessments. Results: Objective 1: The systematic review identified 43 studies, examining predictors of outcome. Robust effects were rare and the applied utility of these findings is limited by methodological weaknesses. Objective 2: Six themes were identified from the qualitative study, three relate to the general acceptability of low intensity interventions: 1) Predisposing concepts of high quality psychological therapies, 2) Engaging with low intensity interventions, and 3) The perceived value of therapist support. Three are specific to individuals with OCD: 4) Positive aspects of OCD, 5) Recognition and accommodation of OCD users' needs, and 6) OCD disclosure. Objective 3: User attachment style, expressed emotion, OCD symptom subtype, and prior help seeking for OCD were examined in confirmatory interaction tests. Symmetry/order/exactness symptoms were associated with a greater likelihood of engagement in guided self-help than cCBT. Contamination/washing symptoms were associated with improved outcome in guided self-help over cCBT. Conclusions: This study has made an original contribution through using a mixed methods design to identify individual differences in response to low intensity interventions in OCD. There is significant individual variation in the acceptability of, and engagement with, low-intensity interventions for OCD, linked to the mode and intensity of therapist support preferable to the individual user. However, few moderators could be identified. Future research should focus on maximising the reliability of stratified medicine research to allow related findings to inform clinical decision-making.
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Keurhorst, Myrna N., Peter Anderson, Fredrik Spak, Preben Bendtsen, Lidia Segura, Joan Colom, Jillian Reynolds i in. "Implementing training and support, financial reimbursement, and referral to an internet-based brief advice program to improve the early identification of hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in primary care (ODHIN) : study protocol for a cluster randomized factorial trial". Linköpings universitet, Socialmedicin och folkhälsovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-93870.
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Background The European level of alcohol consumption, and the subsequent burden of disease, is high compared to the rest of the world. While screening and brief interventions in primary healthcare are cost-effective, in most countries they have hardly been implemented in routine primary healthcare. In this study, we aim to examine the effectiveness and efficiency of three implementation interventions that have been chosen to address key barriers for improvement: training and support to address lack of knowledge and motivation in healthcare providers; financial reimbursement to compensate the time investment; and internet-based counselling to reduce workload for primary care providers. Methods/design In a cluster randomized factorial trial, data from Catalan, English, Netherlands, Polish, and Swedish primary healthcare units will be collected on screening and brief advice rates for hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. The three implementation strategies will be provided separately and in combination in a total of seven intervention groups and compared with a treatment as usual control group. Screening and brief intervention activities will be measured at baseline, during 12 weeks and after six months. Process measures include health professionals’ role security and therapeutic commitment of the participating providers (SAAPPQ questionnaire). A total of 120 primary healthcare units will be included, equally distributed over the five countries. Both intention to treat and per protocol analyses are planned to determine intervention effectiveness, using random coefficient regression modelling. Discussion Effective interventions to implement screening and brief interventions for hazardous alcohol use are urgently required. This international multi-centre trial will provide evidence to guide decision makers.Funding Agencies|European Communitys Seventh Framework Program|259268|The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW)|200310017|FP7 EC Grant||
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Lopes, Jane Moraes. "Crenças e expectativas sobre uso de álcool: avaliação do efeito do treinamento em intervenções breves". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17148/tde-19082009-124511/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: As Estratégias de Diagnóstico e Intervenções Breves (EDIB) propostas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde são consideradas efetivas para o diagnóstico e prevenção dos agravos decorrentes do uso do álcool. Atitudes, crenças e expectativas dos profissionais de saúde em relação ao uso de álcool influenciam o efeito destas novas propostas. OBJETIVO: Este trabalho propõe a avaliação do efeito do treinamento em EDIB sobre as crenças e expectativas a respeito do uso de álcool. MÉTODOS: O estudo é do tipo observacional, transversal, comparativo, sobre uma amostra de 88 profissionais da atenção primária à saúde, provenientes de Ribeirão Preto e região, que concordaram em participar da pesquisa conforme os procedimentos éticos recomendados, treinados pelo Programa de Ações Integradas para Prevenção e Atenção ao Uso de Álcool e Drogas na Comunidade (PAIPAD) no período de 2003 a 2006. Os dados foram coletados através de questionários individuais aplicados antes do treinamento e no período de 4 a 6 meses depois. Os questionários incluíram um formulário sócio-demográfico, o Teste de Conhecimento sobre álcool e Intervenções Breves (IB), o Inventário de Expectativas e Crenças Pessoais acerca do Álcool (IECPA) e um formulário de estimativas sobre o uso do AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) e das IB. A amostra foi caracterizada quanto à prática e preparação profissional na atenção primária, papel, atitudes e crenças dos profissionais em relação aos problemas relacionados ao uso de álcool ou outras drogas pelos seus pacientes. RESULTADOS: No Teste de Conhecimento sobre álcool e Intervenções Breves, a pontuação média foi maior após o treinamento, passando de 4,1 para 5,57(Wilcoxon Test: z= -4,936; p 0,001). Os resultados médios do IECPA passaram de 93,45 pontos na fase pré para 78,74 pontos na fase pós-treinamento (Wilcoxon, z=-4,138; p 0,001). Através do teste de Spearman observou-se tendência à correlação positiva entre a aquisição de conhecimento e as variações no IECPA (p=0,095); o nível de conhecimento pré-treinamento e as estimativas de realização de EDIB(p=0,082); as estimativas de aplicação de AUDITS e o intervalo de tempo(p=0,009). As variações do IECPA se correlacionaram positivamente com as expectativas de aplicação de EDIB (Nonparametric Chi-Square: p=0,053). No Teste de Conhecimento, o nível médio (incompleto e completo) apresentou menor nível de aproveitamento que os outros níveis de escolaridade. As maiores variações no IECPA foram observadas entre os profissionais de nível de escolaridade superior (incompleto e completo). Os profissionais com ocupações de nível superior apresentaram maiores variações positivas quanto ao conhecimento que os de nível técnico, e maior redução na pontuação do IECPA. CONCLUSÕES: A estratégia de formação oferecida pelo PAIPAD foi efetiva, promovendo mudanças nas crenças e expectativas da equipe sobre uso de álcool, interferindo positivamente na conduta preventiva dos profissionais treinados junto aos pacientes.BACKGROUND: The Strategies of Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) are considered effective to perform the diagnosis and the prevention of damage caused by alcohol. Attitudes, beliefs and expectations of health professionals in relation to alcohol use have influence over the effect of these new proposals. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at evaluating the effect of training in SBIRTs on the beliefs and expectations of professionals about the alcohol use. METHODS: The study is observational, cross-sectional and comparative, with a sample of 88 professionals of primary care, from Ribeirão Preto and region, who agreed to participate following ethical procedures, trained by Program of Integrated Action for Prevention and Attention to Alcohol and Drug Use in the Community (PAIPAD), in period from 2003 to 2006. Data were collected through individual questionnaires applied before the training and in the period from 4 to 6 months later. The questionnaires included a socio-demographic inventory, the Test of Knowledge about alcohol and brief interventions (IB), the Inventory of Positive Expectations and Beliefs about Alcohol (IECPA) and an inventory of estimates on the use of the AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) and brief interventions. The sample was characterized in relation to the practice and professional preparation in primary care, the professional role in primary care and attitudes and beliefs of professionals about problems related to alcohol or other drugs for their patients. RESULTS: In the Test of Knowledge about alcohol and brief interventions, the average score was higher after the training, increasing from 4.1 to 5.57 (Wilcoxon test: z =- 4.936, p0001). The IECPA average changed from 93.45 points to 78.74 points after intervention, in the post-training (Wilcoxon, z =- 4.138, p0001). A trend toward positive correlation between the acquisition of knowledge and changes in IECPA (p = 0,095) was found (Spearman test), as well the level of pre-training knowledge and estimates of conducting SBIRTs (p = 0,082), estimates of implementing AUDIT and the time (p = 0,009). In the Test of Knowledge, the intermediate level of schooling (complete and incomplete) showed lower score than the others. Variations of IECPA correlated positively with the expectations of applying SBIRTs (Nonparametric Chi-Square: p = 0,053). The highest changes in IECPA were seen among higher level professionals (complete and incomplete). The professionals of higher-level occupations showed bigger positive changes in knowledge than workers of technical level and higher reduction in scores of IECPA. CONCLUSIONS: The strategy of training offered by PAIPAD was effective, promoting changes in beliefs and expectations of the team about alcohol use, interfering positively in the preventive attitudes of trained professionals with the patients.
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Ferris, Caitlin A. "School-Based Application of the Brief Coping Cat Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-Occurring Anxiety". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton150090646122566.
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O'Donnell, Amy Jane. "A mixed-methods investigation of the extent to which routinely collected information can help evaluate the implementaion of screening and brief alcohol interventions in primary health care". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2463.
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Background: UK health policy has sought to encourage alcohol screening and brief intervention (ASBI) delivery in primary care, including via pay-for-performance (P4P) schemes. To measure the impact of such policies, a range of data exist, including General Practitioner (GP) Read codes, which record all clinical activity. However, previous studies have highlighted the difficulties of using Read code data for evaluation purposes, with concerns around the distorting effect of P4P on healthcare recording. Against this background, this research investigated whether Read code data can be used to provide a meaningful measure of ASBI implementation in primary care. Methods: Sequential mixed methods design, comprising: (1) systematic literature review to identify what factors influence the recording of routine clinical data by UK primary care physicians; (2) analysis of ASBI Read code data from 16 GP practices in North East England; (3) 14 GP interviews to explore the barriers and facilitators affecting their ASBI recording. Results: (1) Multiple factors shape primary care physicians’ recording of routine data, including structural influencers (such as the design and resourcing of the coding system), and psychosocial factors (including patient characteristics and physicians’ perspectives on their role as care-givers). (2) 287 Read codes exist to record alcohol- related activity however only a small minority are used regularly, generally relating to the identification of alcohol use disorders. Whilst many unused Read codes are associated with relatively rare alcohol conditions, a significant number relate to duplicate or outmoded terminology. Overall, practices associated with higher recorded rates of key ASBI service indicators were signed up to P4P schemes. (3) GP interviews suggested that across all practices, nurse-administered ASBI components were most likely to be provided and coded consistently, with GP-delivery and recording activity far more ad hoc. Conclusion: Whilst routine data may be a valid indicator of more successfully embedded ASBI activity in UK primary healthcare following the introduction of P4P schemes, measuring the impact on delivery at GP level remains challenging due to the deficiency of the available Read code data across a number of quality dimensions.
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Minor, Dale Michael. "An Evaluation of the completion and Recidivism Rates for a Collaborative Community - College Based Alcohol and Other Drug Offenders Diversion Program". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1188313072.
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Rostoványi, Esther. "Utvärdering av Integrerad beteendehälsa i primärvården med eller utan tillägg av vägledd självhjälp : En enkelblind randomiserad klinisk prövning och förberedelse inför multicenterstudie". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95449.
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Primärvården står i dagsläget inför utmaningar gällande omhändertagandet av psykisk ohälsa. Integrerad beteendehälsa (IBH) är en organisatorisk modell med potential att underlätta för hur evidensbaserad psykologisk behandling kan bedrivas i en primärvårdskontext. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att utvärdera en sedvanlig IBH-vårdmodell, kontextuell bedömning följt av fokuserade insatser, med en utökad bedömningsprocedur följt av valet att inleda fokuserade insatser eller vägledd självhjälp, samt de två behandlingsuppläggen fokuserade insatser (oavsett bedömningsförfarande) och vägledd självhjälp efter utökad bedömning. Effekter på vardaglig funktionsnivå, betydelsen av antal behandlingskontakter samt den kontinuerliga upplevelsen av problemets svårighetsgrad, tilltro till den egna förmågan att förändras och besökens hjälpsamhet undersöktes. 69 primärvårdspatienter randomiserades mellan de två vårdmodellerna. Resultaten indikerade på en signifikant förbättring i vardaglig funktionsnivå för samtliga patienter oavsett vårdmodell och behandlingsupplägg. Inget samband mellan antal sessioner och förbättring upptäcktes. Skillnader i utfall och patienternas kontinuerliga upplevelser av behandlingsinterventionerna diskuteras.The primary healthcare system faces challenges concerning the treatment of mental health. Integrated behavioral health (IBH) is an organizational model with the potential to implement evidence-based psychological treatment in a primary care setting. The aim of this study was to compare a standard IBH treatment model, contextual assessment followed by brief interventions, with an extended assessment procedure followed by brief interventions or guided self-help, as well as the two different treatment plans brief interventions (regardless of assessment procedure) and guided self-help post an extended assessment procedure. Effects on everyday functioning and correlations between number of sessions and treatment effect are evaluated along with the continuous patient experience regarding the severity of the problem, confidence in ability to change and session helpfulness. 69 primary care patients were randomized between the two treatment models. The results indicated a significant improvement in everyday functioning regardless of treatment model or treatment plan. No significant correlation between number of sessions and improvement was found. Differences in treatment outcome and patient experience are discussed.