Artykuły w czasopismach: „Brandenburg (Germany : State). Landtag”

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Weissbrot-Koziarska, Anna D., Inetta Nowosad i Justyna Michniuk. "Ochrona kultury i języka Serbów łużyckich w Brandenburgii". Edukacja Międzykulturowa 21, nr 2 (2023): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/em.2023.02.04.

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Lusatian Serbs, also called Sorbs, are people living in Upper, Middle and Lower Lusatia. This small nation is a remnant of the Slavic settlement in East Germany (Brandenburg and Saxony). Lower Lusatia now lies in the state of Brandenburg, and Upper and Middle Lusatia in the Free State of Saxony. According to official data, in these areas there are approximately 50,000 – 60,000 Lusatian Serbs, of which it is assumed that two-thirds reside in Saxony and one-third in Brandenburg. The article draws attention to formal and legal issues aimed at protecting the culture and the Lower Sorbian language. The analyses carried out concern the general provisions of the European Union, Germany and more detailed guidelines adopted in Brandenburg. Legal acts are important formal means of protection, the effectiveness of which is expressed by the way of practice. Unfortunately, in Brandenburg, many of the existing regulations have no proper effect on everyday life or are distorted. The article is an attempt to identify the assumptions with the implementation, to recognize the limitations, but also to discuss the directions of improving the existing state.

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Jennewein, Julia, i Philipp Mutzbauer. "Landesparlamente in der Pandemie: Ein Erfahrungsbericht aus Rheinland-Pfalz". Zeitschrift für Parlamentsfragen 52, nr 4 (2021): 792–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0340-1758-2021-4-792.

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The German state parliaments (Landtage) followed different strategies to maintain parliamentary influence during the Covid-19 pandemic . In the early phase of the pandemic in 2020, crucial groundwork was laid for successfully ensuring the parliaments’ ability to function . Technical and organisational measures secured continuity in all state parliaments of Germany . A closer investigation of the Landtag of Rhineland-Palatinate shows changes in internal processes and outside communication . The Council of Elders in particular gained importance at the beginning of the pandemic in its dual function as a parliamentary steering committee and as an instrument of transparent pluralistic public relations of the parliament . A higher need for information was met by an equally increased demand for knowledge from the citizens and the media . The Landtag attempted to fulfill it through the digitalization of committees and an increase in communication activities . All in all, it succeeded to counteract a loss of importance in relation to the executive .

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Senier, Amy. "TBB–Turkish Union in Berlin/Brandenburg v. Germany". American Journal of International Law 107, nr 4 (październik 2013): 891–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.107.4.0891.

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In February 2013, the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD Committee or the Committee) issued its opinion in TBB—Turkish Union in Berlin/Brandenburg v. Germany. The majority of the Committee concluded that Germany had violated its obligations to protect its Turkish and Arab populations from a former state official’s allegedly racially discriminatory statements in violation of Articles 2(1)(d), 4(a), and 6 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD or the Convention). The Committee reached significant conclusions regarding the contours of incitement to racial hatred and ideas of racial superiority, the balance between freedom from discrimination and freedom of expression, and state discretion not to prosecute. Consideration of this matter also marks the first time a member of the CERD Committee has filed an individual—or dissenting—opinion.

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Nagel, J. "Biomass in energy supply, especially in the state of Brandenburg, Germany". Ecological Engineering 16 (1.12.2000): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8574(00)00058-6.

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Hinney, Barbara, Nicole Catherine Wirtherle, Moses Kyule, Norbert Miethe, Karl-Hans Zessin i Peter-Henning Clausen. "Prevalence of helminths in horses in the state of Brandenburg, Germany". Parasitology Research 108, nr 5 (7.04.2011): 1083–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-011-2362-z.

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Pędziwiatr, Kamil, i Joanna Sokół. "Analysis of the functioning of the Berlin – Brandenburg Union of Communication (Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg, VBB)". AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, nr 5 (31.05.2018): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.027.

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The article presents the meaning and the current state of functioning in the Berlin area – Brandenburg (Germany) Union of Communication. The paper is focused on the problem of eliminating barriers by implementing innovations in public transport for passengers with reduced mobility, such as disabled, but also older people, pregnant women, people with small children, large luggage or obese. These innovations are intended not only to increase the availability of public transport for these groups of users, but also to respect their human rights to live with dignity. Practical solutions are based on the city of Berlin, with an average of 3,8 million passengers per day on the public transport services.

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L., J. F. "PAYING GERMANS TO HAVE GERMAMS". Pediatrics 95, nr 3 (1.03.1995): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.95.3.418.

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Many experts believe that over-population is one of the greatest threats facing humanity and the earth on which we live. Governments around the world are seeking ways to stop population explosions that threaten to overwhelm their economies and social structures. Germans, however, have precisely the opposite concern. Women have all but stopped having children, especially in states carved from the former East Germany. The birth rate in Brandenburg has fallen by more than two-thirds since 1989—the state had 38 000 births that year, 12 000 last year—and the drops in other eastern German states are almost as dramatic. Last week, to encourage childbearing, Brandenburg announced plans to pay parents $650 for every baby they produce. At least two other eastern states are considering adopting the Brandenburg system of incentive payments.

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Kästner, Carolyn, Nadja Seyhan Bier, Anne Mayer-Scholl, Karsten Nöckler, Martin Heinrich Richter i Annette Johne. "Prevalence of Alaria alata mesocercariae in wild boars from Brandenburg, Germany". Parasitology Research 120, nr 6 (8.05.2021): 2103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07178-9.

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AbstractSince 2002, Alaria (A.) alata mesocercariae (AM) have been found during routine Trichinella inspection of wild boars in many European countries. To date, human infection with AM through consumption of undercooked or raw AM infested wild boar meat cannot be excluded. In Germany, data on the parasite’s prevalence in wild boars are scarce. To better understand temporal and spatial fluctuations of this parasite, this study investigated the prevalence of AM in wild boars in the German federal state of Brandenburg during three hunting seasons from 2017 to 2020. In total, 28.3% (100/354, 95% CI: 23.3–33.3%) of all wild boars sampled in eight counties of Brandenburg were tested positive for AM by Alaria alata mesocercariae migration technique (AMT). AM were detected in wild boars from seven different counties. Samples from one county (Havelland) tested completely negative for AM (0/16). Prevalences of the seven AM positive counties of Brandenburg ranged from 11.5 (3/26, 95% CI: 2.5–30.1%) in Märkisch-Oderland to 64.1% (25/39, 95% CI: 47.2–78.8%) in Uckermark. An association between sex and A. alata positivity could not be determined. A statistically significant increase in frequency of older AM positive wild boars was observed (p = 0.001). For a nationwide assessment of the prevalence of A. alata in wild boars and the risk for consumers of ingesting viable AM by consumption of raw or undercooked AM infested wild boar meat, further long-term studies in different regions of Germany are needed.

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Tavakoli-Hashjini, Ehsan, Annette Piorr, Klaus Müller i José Luis Vicente-Vicente. "Potential Bioenergy Production from Miscanthus × giganteus in Brandenburg: Producing Bioenergy and Fostering Other Ecosystem Services while Ensuring Food Self-Sufficiency in the Berlin-Brandenburg Region". Sustainability 12, nr 18 (18.09.2020): 7731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187731.

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Miscanthus × giganteus (hereafter Miscanthus) is a perennial crop characterized by its high biomass production, low nutrient requirements, its ability for soil restoration, and its cultivation potential on marginal land. The development of the bioenergy sector in the state of Brandenburg (Germany), with maize as the dominant crop, has recently drawn attention to its negative environmental impacts, competition with food production, and uncertainties regarding its further development toward the state’s bioenergy targets. This study aimed to estimate the potential bioenergy production in Brandenburg by cultivating Miscanthus only on marginal land, thereby avoiding competition with food production in the Berlin-Brandenburg city-region (i.e., foodshed), after using the Metropolitan Foodshed and Self-sufficiency Scenario (MFSS) model. We estimated that by 2030, the Berlin-Brandenburg foodshed would require around 1.13 million hectares to achieve 100% food self-sufficiency under the business as usual (BAU) scenario, and hence there would be around 390,000 ha land left for bioenergy production. Our results suggest that the region would require about 569,000 ha of land of maize to generate 58 PJ—the bioenergy target of the state of Brandenburg for 2030—which is almost 179,000 ha more than the available area for bioenergy production. However, under Miscanthus plantation, the required area would be reduced by 2.5 times to 232,000 ha. Therefore, Miscanthus could enable Brandenburg to meet its bioenergy target by 2030, while at the same time avoiding the trade-offs with food production, and also providing a potential for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration of around 255,200 t C yr-1, leading to an improvement in the soil fertility and other ecosystem services (e.g., biodiversity), compared with bioenergy generated from maize.

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Voss, A., i M. Koch. "Numerical simulations of topography-induced saltwater upconing in the state of Brandenburg, Germany". Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere 26, nr 4 (styczeń 2001): 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1464-1909(01)00018-1.

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Lindner, Marcus, Harald Bugmann, Petra Lasch, Michael Flechsig i Wolfgang Cramer. "Regional impacts of climatic change on forests in the state of Brandenburg, Germany". Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 84, nr 1-2 (marzec 1997): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(96)02381-7.

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Limbach, Eric H. "Provisional State, Reluctant Institutions: West Berlin's Refugee Service and Refugee Commissions, 1949–1952". Central European History 47, nr 4 (grudzień 2014): 822–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938914001915.

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In May 1951, the Hamburger Freie Presse published an article on the alleged experiences of Hans Schmidt, an East German police officer (Volkspolizist) who had sought to register earlier that year for political asylum in West Berlin. The newspaper profile followed the twenty-one-year-old Schmidt from his unit's barracks in the northern city of Rostock, across the still undefended border between Brandenburg and West Berlin, to a police station in the northwestern district of Spandau, where he announced his intention to flee to West Germany.

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Schwarz, Sabine, Astrid Sutor, Christoph Staubach, Roswitha Mattis, Kirsten Tackmann i Franz Josef Conraths. "Estimated prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides in northern Brandenburg, Germany". Current Zoology 57, nr 5 (1.10.2011): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/57.5.655.

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Abstract Human alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the larval stage of the small fox tapeworm, is a lethal zoonotic infection if left untreated. E. multilocularis is distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and lives in the small intestines of carnivores, mainly canids. The main definitive host of E. multilocularis in European countries is the red fox Vulpes vulpes and in the last ten years new endemic areas for the parasite in Central Europe have been identified. In some areas, for instance in Germany, the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides - a spreading neozoon - must be regarded as an additional definitive host for E. multilocularis. In 2001 this parasite was found for the first time in raccoon dogs in the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany. Between 2000 and 2008, 1,252 raccoon dogs from Brandenburg were examined by the Intestinal Scraping Technique. The majority of samples were obtained in five northern counties and all 60 animals that tested positive for E. multilocularis were located there. The estimated true prevalence calculated by a beta-binomial- model ranged from 6%–12%.

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Wolff, Saskia, Silke Hüttel, Claas Nendel i Tobia Lakes. "Agricultural Landscapes in Brandenburg, Germany: An Analysis of Characteristics and Spatial Patterns". International Journal of Environmental Research 15, nr 3 (20.03.2021): 487–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41742-021-00328-y.

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AbstractThe increasing demand for agricultural commodities for food and energy purposes has led to intensified agricultural land management, along with the homogenization of landscapes, adverse biodiversity effects and robustness of landscapes regarding the provision of ecosystem services. At the same time, subsidized organic agriculture and extensive grassland use supports the provision of ecosystem services. Yet little is understood about how to evaluate a landscape’s potential to contribute to protecting and enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services. To address this gap, we use plot-level data from the Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS) for Germany’s federal state of Brandenburg, and based on a two-step cluster analysis, we identify six types of agricultural landscapes. These clusters differ in landscape structure, diversity and measures for agricultural land management intensity. Agricultural land in Brandenburg is dominated by high shares of cropland but fragmented differently. Lands under organic management and those with a high share of maize show strong spatial autocorrelation, pointing to local clusters. Identification of different types of landscapes permits locally- and region-adapted designs of environmental and agricultural policy measures improves outcome-oriented environmental policy impact evaluation and landscape planning. Our approach allows transferability to other EU regions.

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Unger, Martin, i Tobia Lakes. "Land Use Conflicts and Synergies on Agricultural Land in Brandenburg, Germany". Sustainability 15, nr 5 (3.03.2023): 4546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054546.

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The growing and multiple interests in land as a resource has led to an increase in locally or regionally clashing land use interests on agricultural land which may result in conflicts or open up possibilities for synergies. Urbanization, food production, renewable energy production, environmental protection, and climate protection are known as key land use interests in many regions. The objective of our study is to identify and map land use conflicts, land use synergies, and areas with land use synergy potentials in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany. We have combined different methods: an analysis of statistical data, an online survey with farmers, a primary document analysis (articles, court documents, policy documents, position papers), and a GIS-based spatial analysis. In our Brandenburg case study, we have identified the use of agricultural land for renewable energy production and environmental protection as the most relevant land use interests leading to conflict situations. We show that land use synergies can make a significant contribution to achieving environmental and climate protection goals, as well as sustainable development. Through the site-adapted and targeted establishment of agroforestry systems, agricultural areas with agri-photovoltaic systems and agricultural parcels with integrated nonproductive areas may lead to land use synergies. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the occurrence of land use conflicts and land use synergies. We highlight the potential for targeted and sustainable environmental and climate protection through the promotion of land use synergies as a result of establishing agroforestry systems and agricultural parcels with agri-photovoltaic systems and integrated nonproductive areas. Our results provide a basis for agricultural policy to promote land use systems that contribute to environmental and climate protection.

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Liesner, Jana M., Jürgen Krücken, Roland Schaper, Stefan Pachnicke, Barbara Kohn, Elisabeth Müller, Christoph Schulze i Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna. "Vector-borne pathogens in dogs and red foxes from the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany". Veterinary Parasitology 224 (lipiec 2016): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.05.012.

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KUEHN, A., C. SCHULZE, P. KUTZER, C. PROBST, A. HLINAK, A. OCHS i R. GRUNOW. "Tularaemia seroprevalence of captured and wild animals in Germany: the fox (Vulpes vulpes) as a biological indicator". Epidemiology and Infection 141, nr 4 (17.07.2012): 833–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268812001008.

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SUMMARYA total of 2475 animals from Germany, both captive and wild, were tested for antibodies againstFrancisella tularensisto obtain more knowledge about the presence of this pathogen in Germany. An indirect and a competitive ELISA served as screening methods, positive and inconclusive samples were confirmed by Western blot. Of the zoo animals sampled between 1992 and 2007 (n = 1122), three (0·3%) were seropositive. The seroconversion of a hippopotamus in Berlin Zoo was documented. From 1353 serum samples of wild foxes (Vulpes vulpes), raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and wild boars (Sus scrofa), collected between 2005 and 2009 in the federal state of Brandenburg (surrounding Berlin), a total of 101 (7·5%) tested positive for antibodies toF. tularensislipopolysaccharide. Our results indicate a higher seroprevalence ofF.tularensisin wildlife in eastern Germany than commonly assumed. Furthermore, we found foxes and raccoon dogs to be biological indicators for tularaemia.

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Rücker, Jacqueline, Brigitte Nixdorf, Katrin Quiel i Björn Grüneberg. "North German Lowland Lakes Miss Ecological Water Quality Standards—A Lake Type Specific Analysis". Water 11, nr 12 (2.12.2019): 2547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122547.

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Despite great efforts in point source reductions due to improved wastewater treatment since 1990, more than 70% of the lakes in Germany have not yet achieved the “good ecological status” according to the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). To elicit lake type-specific causes of this failure, we firstly analyzed the ecological status of 183 lakes in NE Germany (Federal State of Brandenburg), as reported to the European Commission in 2015. Secondly, long-term data of two typical lakes (a very shallow polymictic lake with a large and a deep stratified lake with a small catchment area in relation to lake volume) and nutrient load from the common catchment were investigated. About 64%–83% of stratified and even 96% of polymictic shallow lakes in Brandenburg currently fail the WFD aims. Excessive nutrient emissions from agriculture were identified as the main cause of this failure. While stratified deep lakes with small catchments have the best chances of recovery, the deficits in catchment management are amplified downstream in lake chains, so that especially shallow lakes in a large catchment are unlikely to reach good ecological conditions. If the objectives of the WFD are not questioned, agricultural practices and approaches in land use have to be fundamentally improved.

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Fischer, Juliane K., Barbara Hinney, Matthew J. Denwood, Donato Traversa, Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna i Peter-Henning Clausen. "Efficacy of selected anthelmintic drugs against cyathostomins in horses in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany". Parasitology Research 114, nr 12 (4.09.2015): 4441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4685-7.

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Lisenkova, A. D. "The role of political parties in multi-level environmental governance in the European Union and Germany". UPRAVLENIE / MANAGEMENT (Russia) 9, nr 4 (5.01.2022): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2309-3633-2021-9-4-121-138.

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The subject of the study is the involvement of political parties in multi-level environmental governance in the European Union, using Germany and its federal states as an example. This article describes the theoretical and practical foundations of multi-level governance. The place of European parties and their national member parties from Germany in the institutional system and decision-making process of environmental policy has been defined. For practical illustration, the climate policy guidelines of Germany’s main national parties (the Christian Democratic Union of Germany and the Christian Social Union in Bavaria, the Social Democratic Party of Germany, the Alternative for Germany, the Free Democratic Party of Germany, the Left and the Alliance 90 / The Greens) and their European affiliations (the European People’s Party, the Party of the European Socialists, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe, the European Green Party and the Party of European Left) were compared with an emphasis on the new targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The unique opportunity for parties to participate in environmental policymaking at all key levels, which is not limited to parliamentary institutions has been highlighted. Appointments to environmental positions at different levels often correlate with membership of the most environmentally oriented parties, although the level of environmental involvement may differ between national parties and their European affiliations. Among other things, this has to do with participation in governing coalitions and dependence on a senior partner in them, as shown by the examples of the Bundestag and the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg. The final decision depends heavily on the unity of the coalition at federal and state level, whereas in the European Parliament there is a great differentiation of opinions, which allows even the most influential European People’s Party to be blocked from voting.

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Pyta, Wolfram. "Berlin statt Bonn: Die Hauptstadtentscheidung des Bundestags vom 20 . Juni 1991 als Ergebnis überfraktioneller Willensbildung". Zeitschrift für Parlamentsfragen 53, nr 2 (2022): 409–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0340-1758-2022-2-409.

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Cross-Party decision-making is an exception in the parliamentary culture of the Federal Republic of Germany, since the governmental majority and the opposition face each other in parliament due to their functional difference . The article examines the question which procedures can be used to coordinate parliamentary decision-making, if the aforemen- tioned dualism of government factions and opposition factions does not work . The Bunde- stag’s decision of June 20, 1991 to relocate the government and parliament from Bonn to Berlin serves as an example here . On the one hand, the voting behavior of Baden-Württem- berg CDU MPs who voted for Berlin shows the decisive role of the state groups (Landes- gruppen), especially in such exceptional constellations . On the other hand, a close interde- pendence of politics on the state and federal level is recognizable, whereby in the case of Baden-Württemberg it was the CDU Landesgruppe that was interwoven with the CDU faction in the state parliament (Landtag) . At the same time, the example shows that cross- party group motions not only serve to pacify within parties but also represent a process to constitute the will of the people - not in form of a plebiscite, but through intra-parliamen- tary balance .

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Reyer, Christopher, Johann Bachinger, Ralf Bloch, Fred F. Hattermann, Pierre L. Ibisch, Stefan Kreft, Petra Lasch i in. "Climate change adaptation and sustainable regional development: a case study for the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany". Regional Environmental Change 12, nr 3 (6.12.2011): 523–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-011-0269-y.

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Müller, Thomas, Klaus Henning, Matthias Kramer, Claus-Peter Czerny, Hermann Meyer i Klaus Zledler. "Seroprevalence of Orthopox Virus Specific Antibodies in Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in the Federal State Brandenburg, Germany". Journal of Wildlife Diseases 32, nr 2 (kwiecień 1996): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-32.2.348.

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Meyburg, Bernd-Ulrich, Kai Graszynski, Torsten Langgemach, Paul Sömmer i Ugis Bergmanis. "Cainism, nestling management in Germany in 2004-2007 and satellite tracking of juveniles in the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina)". Slovak Raptor Journal 2, nr 1 (1.01.2008): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10262-012-0018-2.

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Cainism, nestling management in Germany in 2004-2007 and satellite tracking of juveniles in the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina)The Lesser Spotted Eagle belongs to a species with obligatory cainism, which means that in the natural state it is rare that two young eagles fledge, although as a rule two chick's hatch. The breeding population in Germany is at the western edge of the species' range and is declining (a 23% decrease between 1993 and 2007). Local extinction can be anticipated and therefore nestling management has been implemented in the German federal state of Brandenburg since 2004 as a conservation measure by using human intervention to prevent the death of the younger sibling. This is in addition to other methods such as nest-site protection, habitat preservation, legislation etc. Furthermore, in 2007, second hatched eagle chicks (Abels) from Latvia were translocated for the first time. The managed pairs (nests physically inspected) were on average more successful than the unmanaged pairs (nests not physically inspected). It cannot be determined as to whether the inspection of the nests had a negative effect on breeding. Breeding success of the pairs present in Brandenburg, including non-breeders, increased by 57 % in 2007 due to nestling management, and that of the managed pairs alone by 67 %. In 2007 the behaviour of six young eagles was studied using satellite telemetry. This study determined that the Abels migrated as well as the first hatched eagle chicks (Cains), and that their survival chances were equally good. The Abels imported from Latvia migrated in two out of three cases along the same route as the German Lesser Spotted Eagles to the Bosporus. One Latvian Abel which fledged in Germany was tracked by satellite to Zambia where many Lesser Spotted Eagles winter. A German Abel wintered North of the Equator in the Sudan and neighbouring countries for over six months and started its return migration on 27 April 2008.

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Krah, Jennifer Maria, Julian Reimann i Heike Molitor. "Sustainability in Brandenburg Study Programs. Perspectives for Anchoring Sustainability in Higher Education Curricula". Sustainability 13, nr 7 (2.04.2021): 3958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073958.

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The study investigates the extent to which sustainability is anchored in university curricula of a federal state (Brandenburg, Germany). (1) It provides a baseline for identifying opportunities for sustainability-related curriculum reform by analyzing study programs, levels and type of degree, level of anchoring, and context within the documents. (2) The case studies included an analysis and quantitative evaluation of 748 curricular documents. (3) A third of the study programs refer to sustainability; to an equal extent in both bachelor’s and master’s programs, and to an above-average extent in the fields of science and engineering. There is a strong commitment to sustainability in 12% of the curricula; however, it is strongly anchored in only 3% of study and examination regulations, and in only 9% of module descriptions. (4) For the first time, we have comprehensive results on sustainability in university curricula of an entire federal state and can discuss potentials for its further integration. The innovative method was developed out of the National Monitoring on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and adapted to the federal state level; the analysis of curricula through a wider set of variables is transferrable to other states. (5) The study provides indications for the regional development of universities which is crucial for future regional sustainability transformation.

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Popov, Ivan D. "Bavaria and the Adoption of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany". Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 68, nr 3 (2023): 743–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.312.

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The article analyzes the reasons for the rejection of the Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany by Bavaria in May 1949. The main contradictions were associated with the aspiration of its leadership to establish the supremacy of the lands in relations with the federal center, which was considered by the leading parties of post-war Germany as excessive and unacceptable for federal structure. An important role was also played by the specifics of relations with the Bizone authorities and the increased influence of the Bavarian government in interzonal politics, which reached its apogee in the middle of 1948. In this regard, the politicians of the ruling party of Bavaria — the Christian Social Union — tried not only to consolidate political and financial guarantees to the lands in the prospective federal structure but also to establish possibilities for broad influence of the land government on federal policy. However, a small number of representatives of Bavaria in the interzonal bodies forced them to constantly maneuver between significant concessions to other fractions and an open protest against their decisions. After exhausting all of the possibilities of a compromise with the Christian Democratic Union and the Social Democratic Party of Germany, the Christian Social Union deputy group and the Landtag rejected the Basic Law, but at the same time declared the obligatory observance of it and the aspiration to further participate in German affairs (the position ‘Our “nay” to Bonn, our “yea” to Germany’). Such a decision not only removed political responsibility from the Bavarian side, but also actualized the Bavarian question in the future West German state.

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Niendorf, Sandra, Mirko Faber, Andrea Tröger, Julian Hackler i Sonja Jacobsen. "Diversity of Noroviruses throughout Outbreaks in Germany 2018". Viruses 12, nr 10 (13.10.2020): 1157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101157.

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Human norovirus accounts for the majority of viral gastroenteritis cases worldwide. It is a fast evolving virus generating diversity via mutation and recombination. Therefore, new variants and new recombinant strains emerge in the norovirus population. We characterized norovirus positive stool samples from one intensively studied district Märkisch-Oderland state Brandenburg with the samples from other states of Germany in order to understand the molecular epidemiological dynamics of norovirus outbreaks in Germany 2018. PCR systems, Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were used for genotyping. Noroviruses of 250 outbreaks in Germany were genotyped, including 39 outbreaks for the district Märkisch-Oderland. Viral diversity in Märkisch-Oderland as compared to Germany was similar, but not identical. The predominant genogroup in Germany was GII with predominate genotype GII.P16-GII.4 Sydney, whereas GII.P31-GII.4 Sydney was the most frequent in Märkisch-Oderland. Genogroup I viruses were less frequently detected, regional and national. Within the sequences of GII.4 recombinants, two distinct clusters were identified with outbreaks from Märkisch-Oderland. Further analysis of sequence data and detailed epidemiological data are needed in order to understand the link between outbreaks in such clusters. Molecular surveillance should be based on samples collected nationally in order to trace comprehensive virus distribution and recombination events in virus population.

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Haller, Sebastian, Manuel Dehnert, Ioannis Karagiannis, Thorsten Rieck, Claudia Siffczyk, Ole Wichmann, Christina Poethko-Mueller i Wiebke Hellenbrand. "Effectiveness of Routine and Booster Pertussis Vaccination in Children and Adolescents, Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany, 2002–2012". Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 34, nr 5 (maj 2015): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/inf.0000000000000654.

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Bloch, Ralf, Frank Wechsung, Jürgen Heß i Johann Bachinger. "Climate change impacts of legume-grass swards: implications for organic farming in the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany". Regional Environmental Change 15, nr 2 (30.07.2014): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0656-2.

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von Czettritz, Hannah Jona, Seyed-Ali Hosseini-Yekani, Johannes Schuler, Kurt-Christian Kersebaum i Peter Zander. "Adapting Cropping Patterns to Climate Change: Risk Management Effectiveness of Diversification and Irrigation in Brandenburg (Germany)". Agriculture 13, nr 9 (1.09.2023): 1740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13091740.

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Climate-induced production risk is expected to increase in the future. This study assesses the effectiveness of adapting crop rotations on arable farms in Brandenburg as a tool to enhance climate resilience. Two risk-minimizing measures are investigated: crop diversification and the inclusion of irrigated crops. Based on state-wide simulated yield data, the study compares two different scenarios. In the first scenario, the most profitable crop rotations based on predicted future weather conditions are chosen for each agro-ecological zone. In the second scenario, cropping plans are derived based on an adaption of the Target MOTAD (Minimization of Total Absolute Deviation) model taking climate-induced risks into account. A comparison of the scenarios shows a high risk reduction effect of diversification, while the economic risk reduction effect of irrigation only increases slightly. The trade-off between the highest possible gross margins and lower possible losses varies depending on the soil and climate conditions. Diversification contributed most to economic resilience in areas with moderate to low agricultural productivity. Subsidies focusing on diversification in less productive areas might be a tool to increase economic resilience with low risk-avoidance costs.

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Striegler, Ursula. "New leaf species from the upper Miocene flora of the leaf-bearing Wischgrund clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany)". Fossil Imprint 77, nr 1 (2021): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2021.009.

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This is a brief outline of the fossil content of the Wischgrund leaf-bearing clay (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg State, Germany), which belongs to the youngest Neogene layers of Lower Lusatia (upper Miocene, Tortonian). It is a deciduous temperate flora, with a small proportion of evergreen species. The reconstructed vegetation can be assigned to an azonal swamp forest with Taxodium and a riparian forest with Liquidambar and Acer as the most frequent species. Furthermore, a zonal Mixed Mesophytic Forest characterized by Quercus and Fagus is proposed in upland positions. The flora consists of 78 species of leaves, 51 carpological species and 82 palynological groups. The climate belongs to Cfa-type according to Köppen. Two new species of leaves are described from there, Pyracantha pseudococcinea sp. nov. and Ternstroemites klettwitzensis sp. nov.

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Hempel, Fabian M., Joachim Krois, Sebastian Paris, Florian Beuer, Adelheid Kuhlmey i Falk Schwendicke. "Prosthetic treatment patterns in the very old: an insurance database analysis from Northeast Germany". Clinical Oral Investigations 24, nr 11 (17.04.2020): 3981–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03264-x.

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Abstract Objectives We assessed dental prosthetic services utilization in very old Germans. Methods A comprehensive sample of 404,610 very old (≥ 75 years), insured at one large statutory insurer (Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse Nordost, acting in the federal states Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern), were followed over 6 years (2012–2017). Our outcome was the utilization of prosthetic services, in total and seven subgroups: (1) Crowns/partial crowns, (2) fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), (3) partial removable prostheses (RDPs), (4) full RDPs, (5) temporary services, (6) relining/rebasing/repairing/extending RDPs, (7) repairing FDPs. Association of utilization with (1) gender, (2) age, (3) region, (4) social hardship status, (5) ICD-10 diagnoses and (6) German diagnoses related groups (G-DRG) was explored. Results The mean (SD) age of the sample was 81.9 (5.4) years; mean follow-up was 1689 (705) days. The mean utilization of any prosthetic service was 27.0%; the most often utilized service type were total RDPs (13.2% utilization), crowns (8.1%), and partial RDPs (7.1%). Utilization decreased with age for nearly all services (except relining/rebasing/repairing/extending RDPs) Utilization of prosthetic services was significantly higher in Berlin and most cities compared with rural municipalities and in individuals with common, less severe conditions according to ICD-10 and DRGs compared with life-threatening conditions or dementia. In multivariable analysis, gender (OR; 95% CI: 0.95; 0.93–0.98), social hardship status (1.19; 1.17–1.21), federal state (Brandenburg 0.57; 0.56–0.59; Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: 0.66; 0.64–0.67) and age significantly affected utilization (0.95; 0.95–0.95/year). Conclusions Patient-related and healthcare factors determine the utilization of prosthetic services in very old Germans. Interventions to maintain sufficient prosthetic care up to high age are required. Clinical significance The utilization of prosthetic services in the very old in Northeast Germany showed significant disparities within populations and service types. There seems to be great need to better understand the drivers of utilization, and to develop and evaluate interventions to maintain sufficient prosthetic care up to high age.

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Litschel, Johannes, Ferréol Berendt, Hanna Wagner, Simon Heidenreich, David Bauer, Martin Welp i Tobias Cremer. "Key Actors’ Perspectives on Agroforestry’s Potential in North Eastern Germany". Land 12, nr 2 (11.02.2023): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020458.

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As a land use management system, agroforestry has environmental, economic and societal benefits over conventional agriculture or forestry. Important benefits of combining tree growth with agricultural crops and/or forage production systems include higher biodiversity through more diverse habitats, the control of runoff and soil erosion, the augmentation of soil water availability, the creation of microclimates, carbon sequestration and provision of a more diverse farm economy. As the climate changes, north eastern Germany is likely to be particularly prone to severe effects from droughts and wind erosion in the future. However, the area of land under agroforestry makes up less than 2% of the total agricultural area in Germany. Through qualitative interviews with key actors, this study analyzed the benefits of, potentials for and barriers to implementing agroforestry systems in the federal state of Brandenburg. Results showed that agroforestry systems have significant potential in relation to several benefits, particularly the mitigation of soil erosion and stabilization of microclimate regimes. Additionally, agroforestry has the potential to provide wood for energy production or material uses. Although a small but highly innovative and interlinked community exists, administrative barriers and high start-up costs currently hamper the transition from conventional agriculture to agroforestry systems.

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Schuster, Rolf K., Peter Specht i Siegfried Rieger. "On the Helminth Fauna of the Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766)) in the Barnim District of Brandenburg State/Germany". Animals 11, nr 8 (20.08.2021): 2444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082444.

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The muskrat is a neozoon species that has occupied many countries of continental North Europe after its introduction from north America as fur animals. Due to its burrowing activity it damages river and canal banks and structures of flood control. For this reason, the eradication of this alien species is recommended. Muskrats are also of parasitological interest since they can act as suitable intermediate hosts for Echinococcus multilocularis. On the other hand, little is known on the other helminths that infect muskrats. A total of 130 muskrats of different age groups trapped in different habitats in the Barnim district of the Brandenburg state by a professional hunter were examined for parasites and seven trematodes (Echinostoma sp., Notocotylus noyeri, Plagiorchis elegans, Plagiorchis arvicolae, Psilosostoma simillimum, P. spiculigerum, Opisthorchis felineus and four larval cestode species (Hydatigera taeniaeformis, Taenia martis, Taenia polyacantha, Taenia crassiceps) were detected. Larval stages of E. multilocularis were not found. O. felineus was found for the first time in muskrats in Germany. All the named parasites were present in Europe prior to the introduction of muskrats. With a prevalence of 48.9%, Strobilocercus fasciolaris, the larval stage of the cat tapeworm, H. taeniaeformis, was the most frequent parasite found in adult muskrats.

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Wölfel, Silke, Stephanie Speck, Sandra Essbauer, Bryan R. Thoma, Marc Mertens, Sandra Werdermann, Olaf Niederstrasser i in. "High seroprevalence for indigenous spotted fever group rickettsiae in forestry workers from the federal state of Brandenburg, Eastern Germany". Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 8, nr 1 (styczeń 2017): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.10.009.

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Freudenberger, Lisa, Peter R. Hobson, Slaven Rupic, Guy Pe’er, Martin Schluck, Julia Sauermann, Stefan Kreft, Nuria Selva i Pierre L. Ibisch. "Spatial road disturbance index (SPROADI) for conservation planning: a novel landscape index, demonstrated for the State of Brandenburg, Germany". Landscape Ecology 28, nr 7 (16.04.2013): 1353–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-013-9887-8.

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Wiesmüller, T., B. Schlatterer, B. Wuntke i R. Schneider. "PCDDs/PCDFs, Coplanar PCBs and PCBs in Barn Owl Eggs from Different Areas in the State of Brandenburg, Germany". Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 63, nr 1 (1.07.1999): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900942.

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Merz, C., i J. Steidl. "Data on geochemical and hydraulic properties of a characteristic confined/unconfined aquifer system of the younger Pleistocene in northeast Germany". Earth System Science Data 7, nr 1 (2.06.2015): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-109-2015.

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Abstract. The paper presents a database of hydrochemical and hydraulic groundwater measurements of a younger Pleistocene multilayered, unconfined/confined aquifer system in NE Germany. The Institute of Landscape Hydrology of the Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) operates seven groundwater monitoring wells in the Quillow catchment located in the Uckermark region (federal state of Brandenburg, Germany). From July 2000 to March 2014, water samples were collected periodically on different days of the year and at depths between 3 and 5 m (shallow wells) and 16 and 24 m (deeper wells) below the surface. The parameters pH value, redox potential, electric conductivity, water temperature, oxygen content, spectral absorption coefficient and concentration of hydrogen carbonate, ammonium, phosphate, chloride, bromide, nitrite, sulfate, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcite, dissolved organic carbon, iron(II) and manganese were determined for each sample (doi:10.4228/ZALF.2000.266). The measurements, taken over a period of 14 years, include a high variation of hydraulic situations represented by a corresponding database of 19 000 recorded groundwater heads. The hydraulic head was measured between 2000 and 2014 (doi:10.4228/ZALF.2000.272).

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Merz, C., i J. Steidl. "Long-term geochemical and hydraulic measurements in a characteristic confined/unconfined aquifer system of the younger Pleistocene in northeast Germany". Earth System Science Data Discussions 8, nr 1 (27.01.2015): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essdd-8-113-2015.

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Abstract. The paper presents a data base of hydrochemical and hydraulic groundwater measurements of a younger Pleistocene multilayered, unconfined/confined aquifer system in NE Germany. The Institute of Landscape Hydrology of the Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) e. V. operates seven groundwater monitoring wells in the Quillow catchment located in the Uckermark region (Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany). From July 2000 to March 2014, water samples were collected periodically on different days of the year and at depths between 3 and 5 m (shallow wells) and 20 and 25 m (deeper wells) below the surface. The parameters pH value, redox potential, electric conductivity, water temperature, oxygen content, spectral absorption coefficient and concentration of hydrogen carbonate, ammonium, phosphate, chloride, bromite, nitrite, sulfate, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcite, dissolved organic carbon, iron(II) and manganese were determined for each sample (doi:10.4228/ZALF.2000.266). The measurements, taken over a period of 14 years, include a high variation of hydraulic situations represented by a corresponding database of detected groundwater heads. The hydraulic head was measured between 2000 and 2014 (doi:10.4228/ZALF.2000.272).

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Ludewig, María José, Klaus-Peter Götz, Claudia S. Romero-Oliva, Patricia Landaverde i Frank-M. Chmielewski. "Response of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) to Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Food Sources in Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) and Honeybees (Apis mellifera)". Physiologia 3, nr 2 (27.04.2023): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physiologia3020019.

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The conception of “floral strips” is a strategy to provide more and different food sources for pollinators. The impact of “homogeneous” Phacelia tanacetifolia (“Phacelia”) and “heterogeneous” (flower mix) food sources on the enzyme activity of bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) and honeybees (Apis mellifera) under urban conditions has not been reported. Organisms responding to challenging environmental conditions are known to exhibit increases in oxidative stress parameters which in turn affect both physiological and metabolic parameters. A field study was conducted in Berlin-Dahlem, Germany, using the response of the “marker” enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) on food sources for assessment. SOD data is also shown from the wild bee Megachile rotundata (Fabricius 1787), obtained from three different locations in the federal state Brandenburg, Germany. The results demonstrate that the enzyme activity of SOD significantly increased in bumblebees visiting the flower mix compared to the Phacelia. The experimental approach had individual effects at the level of the species, bumblebees and honeybees, respectively. The activity of the biomarker SOD could be successfully used to assess the effects of the compositions of homogeneous and heterogeneous flower fields.

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Paslavska, N. T. "The system of administrative courts of the Federal Republic of Germany: organization and functioning". Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 2, nr 81 (8.04.2024): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.81.2.29.

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The article is devoted to the organization and functioning of administrative courts of general and special jurisdiction in the Federal Republic of Germany. Administrative justice in Germany is an independent branch of judicial power. It is represented by administrative courts of general and special jurisdiction and is separated from constitutional, general courts and courts of labor disputes. The system of administrative courts of general jurisdiction in Germany covers three levels: the administrative courts, the higher administrative courts of the states and the Federal Administrative Court in Leipzig. The administrative court is the court of first instance for most administrative proceedings. The higher administrative courts of the federal states are the appellate and cassation instance of the administrative courts. Each federal state has a Supreme Administrative Court, the states of Berlin and Brandenburg share a Supreme Administrative Court, which, with the exception of Bavaria, Saxony- Anhalt and the city-states, are not located in the capital of the state to emphasize their independence from the administration in terms of location. Higher administrative courts are courts of first instance in cases of judicial review of laws and regulations, prohibition of associations by state bodies, and approval of implementation of certain infrastructure projects. The Federal Administrative Court, located in Leipzig, is the court of appeal and cassation on matters of law. The legislature also gave the Federal Administrative Court first-instance jurisdiction in public law disputes between the federal government and non-constitutional Länder, bans on mergers by the Federal Minister of the Interior or approvals for certain infrastructure projects. In these cases, the Federal Administrative Court has jurisdiction of both first and last instance. A feature of administrative justice in Germany is the presence of special courts of administrative justice – financial and social courts with appropriate organization and functioning. The issue of the status of judges of administrative courts, non-professional judges, representatives of public interest, judicial administration, competence and jurisdiction was considered.

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Riek, Winfried, Alexander Russ i Marc Marx. "Concentrations of Inorganic and Organic Pollutants in Forest Soils as an Archive of Anthropogenic Inputs in the State of Brandenburg, Germany". Applied Sciences 11, nr 3 (28.01.2021): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031189.

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An important component of the National Forest Soils Inventory (NFSI) is the investigation of inorganic and organic pollutants. Forests are able to filter out large quantities of these substances from the atmosphere and incorporate them into the soil for a long time. The aim of this study was the integrative evaluation of organic and inorganic pollutant concentrations in forest soils in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. With the help of principle component analysis, the pollutant concentrations can essentially be explained by three significant environmental components, which explain 76% of the total variance of all pollutants examined within the scope of the NFSI. The first component characterizes the extent of the atmospheric pollution caused by flue gases and fly ash from lignite combustion in the 1970s and 1980s and is mainly charged by the organic pollutants HCB and PAH, and the elements arsenic and chromium. This component shows positive relation to both spatially interpolated calcium-deposition data from the 1980s (as an indicator for the dust emission from coal combustion) and crown defoliation data of pine stands from the forest condition survey in the early 1990s. The depositions of zinc and cadmium from industrial sources, vehicle traffic and the use of fertilizers in agriculture mainly characterize the second principle component. The use of the pesticides DDT and lindane in the early 1980s and the associated pollutants input into the forest soils are expressed by the third component. In expanding the term archiving function of soils, the results illustrate their particular importance for the long-term archiving of anthropogenic inputs and the associated potential stress factors for forests.

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Bose, Anushika, Tobias Dürr, Reinhard A. Klenke i Klaus Henle. "Predicting strike susceptibility and collision patterns of the common buzzard at wind turbine structures in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany". PLOS ONE 15, nr 1 (24.01.2020): e0227698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227698.

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Sassnau, R., i C. Genchi. "Qualitative risk assessment for the endemisation of Dirofilaria repens in the state of Brandenburg (Germany) based on temperature-dependent vector competence". Parasitology Research 112, nr 7 (23.04.2013): 2647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3431-2.

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Muecke, Ralph, Knut Waldschock, Lutz Schomburg, Oliver Micke, Jens Buentzel, Klaus Kisters, Irenaeus A. Adamietz i Jutta Huebner. "Whole Blood Selenium Levels and Selenium Supplementation in Patients Treated in a Family Doctor Practice in Golßen (State of Brandenburg, Germany): A Laboratory Study". Integrative Cancer Therapies 17, nr 4 (25.10.2018): 1132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735418807971.

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Introduction: The supply of selenium (Se) varies widely in Germany. Therefore, a laboratory study was conducted in patients treated at a family doctor practice in Brandenburg, Germany, to determine whether there is a general Se deficiency in this area; specifically, whether Se concentrations differ with age, sex, or presence of cancer. Moreover, we tested the effects of a Se supplementation on whole blood Se levels (WBSL). Methods: In 2006, WBSL were analyzed in 871 patients (496 females, 375 males, median age: 67 years). Of these, 143 (78 females, 65 males) had cancer and were in an aftercare situation. From 2006 to 2012, 317 patients (76 with tumors, 241 without tumors) received continuous Se supplementation with sodium selenite (300 µg per day) and annual WBSL measurements. WBSL were compared by Student’s t test for paired and independent samples. Results: The initial WBSL of all patients was 97.2 ± 20.7 µg/L (mean ± SD). WBSL did not differ with regard to age or sex, but patients with cancer had the lowest WBSL. Se supplementation increased mean WBSL in both patients with (to 128.5 µg/L) and without (to 119.52 µg/L) cancer ( P < .001). Discussion: Patients with cancer displayed significantly lower WBSL than patients without cancer, indicating a negative effect of tumors on Se uptake, absorption, or metabolism. Significant influences of age or sex were not observed. Selenite supplementation efficiently improved WBSL to concentrations considered necessary for health benefits.

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Wattenbach, Martin, Marc Zebisch, Fred Hattermann, Pia Gottschalk, Horst Goemann, Peter Kreins, Franz Badeck, Petra Lasch, Felicitas Suckow i Frank Wechsung. "Hydrological impact assessment of afforestation and change in tree-species composition – A regional case study for the Federal State of Brandenburg (Germany)". Journal of Hydrology 346, nr 1-2 (listopad 2007): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.08.005.

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Meister, Ute. "Fusarium toxins in cereals of integrated and organic cultivation from the Federal State of Brandenburg (Germany) harvested in the years 2000–2007". Mycotoxin Research 25, nr 3 (9.07.2009): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12550-009-0017-z.

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Bose, Anushika, Tobias Dürr, Reinhard A. Klenke i Klaus Henle. "Correction: Predicting strike susceptibility and collision patterns of the common buzzard at wind turbine structures in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany". PLOS ONE 15, nr 8 (26.08.2020): e0238269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238269.

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Wieland, Ralf, Monika Wulf i Kristin Meier. "What makes the difference between memory and face of a landscape? A machine learning approach applied to the federal state Brandenburg, Germany". Spatial Information Research 27, nr 2 (4.12.2018): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41324-018-0228-5.

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Kersebaum, Kurt Christian, Bettina Matzdorf, Joachim Kiesel, Annette Piorr i Jörg Steidl. "Model-based evaluation of agri-environmental measures in the Federal State of Brandenburg (Germany) concerning N pollution of groundwater and surface water". Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 169, nr 3 (czerwiec 2006): 352–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200521944.

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