Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Brakes

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Brakes”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 1 sierpnia 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Brakes"

Wadile, Ratnajeet. "Thermal Analysis of a Disc". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr 10 (31.10.2021): 1910–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38476.

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Abstract: The disk brakes are special mechanized parts in a vehicle attached with the tires to help reduce the velocity of the vehicle. As the brake pads caused friction with the disc brakes, there is a temperature rise. Due to this there are great chances of disc brake’s failure if temperature rises above some permissible limit. Solidworks and ANSYS are the design and analysis tools which are used to accomplish this project. The disc brake was designed using Solidworks and it was analysed in ANSYS workbench. The main aim of this project is to analyse two-disc brakes manufactured with different materials to compare their properties and select one with most benefits. Keywords: ANSYS, FEA, Disc brake, Thermal analysis, braking system, Radiation.

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Poznić, A., i B. Stojić. "Numerical simulation of an electromechanical brake concerning associated difficulties". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1271, nr 1 (1.12.2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1271/1/012027.

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Abstract The biggest challenge in developing any type of brake (or any other actuator) is overcoming its inherent disadvantages. Brakes that use materials whose rheological properties change under the influence of an external magnetic field are called magnetorheological brakes. In addition to the mechanical issues, magnetorheological brakes are troubled with cooling, sealing, settling, fluids' gap size, etc. Furthermore, there are issues with brake’s magnetic field density distribution and propagation. The poor distribution of the magnetic field density through the body of the magnetorheological brake is one of these inherent disadvantages. Magnetorheological’s brake magnetic circuit modeling forms the basis for further development. This paper is part of ongoing research into the feasibility of using magnetorheological brakes in automotive applications. Certain points of the numerical simulation process are addressed. The research uses part of the results from previous numerical simulations, carried out using commercial finite element method software - COMSOL Multiphysics, AC/DC module, and results from the previous experiments.

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Sawczuk, Wojciech, Armando Miguel Rilo Cañás, Dariusz Ulbrich i Jakub Kowalczyk. "Modeling the Average and Instantaneous Friction Coefficient of a Disc Brake on the Basis of Bench Tests". Materials 14, nr 16 (23.08.2021): 4766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164766.

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This article presents the results of tests conducted on the average and instantaneous friction coefficients of railway vehicle disc brakes. The tests were carried out independently of various states of wear on the friction linings and the brake disc. The requirements of the International Union of Railways (UIC) regarding the approval of brake linings for use were taken into account. Based on many years of research using a brake bench to test railway disc brakes, the authors developed multiple regression models for the average friction coefficient and fluctuations (tolerances) in the instantaneous friction coefficient and achieved 870 results. The models proposed three types of variables: the input braking parameters (speed, pressure, and mass to be braked), operational parameters (the wear on the friction linings and the brake disc), and design parameters (perforations in the form of holes on the disc surface). The above two models were validated on the basis of 384 brakes, and in subsequent stages a further evaluation was performed. The coefficients were determined to be, respectively, 0.99 for the model of the average friction coefficient and 0.71 for the model of tolerance (fluctuations) of the instantaneous friction coefficient.

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Li, Ai Ran, Yu Jin Fan, Teng Han, Zhe Kun Li, Pei Lin Zhao i Jun Jie Wang. "Properties of Hydraulic Floating Caliper Brake for AGV Car". Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (wrzesień 2014): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.33.

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Existing AGV car’s brakes are electromagnet brakes. Brake overheating causes brake damaged during work time.In this paper ,the hydraulic pressure floating caliper brake is applied to the AGV car . It with electromagnetic brake AGV car for braking performance comparison test, through comparative analysis know that hydraulic floating caliper brakes can not only meet the AGV car’s braking requirements and the system dynamic performance has improved greatly.

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Reddy, R. Vishnu Vardhan. "Modeling and Analysis of Functionally Graded Material for Disc Plate under Mechanical Loads". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 7 (31.07.2023): 386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54619.

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Abstract: The most crucial components of an automobile are the brakes. The wheel's rotation can be controlled and stopped by using the brakes. Today's cars employ a variety of brakes, with disc brakes being one of the most common. Brake pads are used in disc brakes to exert force against the disc's two sides mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or electromagnetically. The attached wheel and disc come to a stop due to friction. Brakes turn friction into heat; if the temperature rises too high, they tend to stop working because they are unable to remove enough heat from the system. Brake fading is the name of this failure state. During normal braking and under extreme thermal stress during hard braking, disc brakes are exposed to significant thermal strains. Mild steel is typically used for disc brakes, which are attached to the wheel. In this work, functionally graded spinning annular discs exposed to internal pressure and varied temperature distributions underwent an analytical investigation. Considered are two disc brake models: one without holes and one with holes. Different materials for disc brakes will be compared; the materials are mild steel and aluminium alloy 6061 with regard to functional graded materials. The two models with different material compositions are subjected to structural and thermal examination. In CATIA V5 R20, a disc brake model is made, and in ANSYS 14.5, analysis is carried out

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Ren, Zhaolin. "The Performance Analysis of Elevator Brake". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2463, nr 1 (1.03.2023): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2463/1/012047.

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Abstract In order to understand the safety status of traction drive elevator brake, taking the most common drum brake as the research object, several common failure forms of drum brake and the problems found in brake disassembly are summarized and sorted out. Based on the analysis of failure causes, suggestions on the use and maintenance of elevator brakes are put forward, and the in-service elevator brakes which have been used for a certain period of time are tested, and the performance characteristics of the in-service elevator brakes are analyzed, which provides a basis for the promotion of hidden trouble investigation and rectification of elevator brakes.

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Bureika, Gintautas, i Šarūnas Mikaliūnas. "RESEARCH ON THE COMPATIBILITY OF THE CALCULATION METHODS OF ROLLING‐STOCK BRAKES". TRANSPORT 23, nr 4 (31.12.2008): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.351-355.

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One of the main tasks approached by the European Union is the liberalisation of railway transport service market. The foremost problem solved in this paper is the interoperability of various railway systems in the countries of the European Union. Thus, the immediate goal is to solve the problem of the interoperability of different railway systems used in the European Union. A distinction between railway track gauges (from 1435 to 1668 mm), particular couples of wagons, various clearances of rolling stock, different systems of infrastructure etc. are the main impediments. One of the problems in the nearest future will be the evaluation of the brakes of different wagons produced in Western Europe and the former Soviet Union. Freight trains in Lithuania consist of these two types of wagons, and therefore some problems of correcting the results of calculating braking distances and brake force may arise. The main object of this research is to investigate the methods evaluating the brakes of rolling‐stock and to assess the possibilities of integrating and harmonizing these different methods. The reliability of the methods evaluating the brakes of rolling‐stock is one of the most important components enabling the interoperability of railway transport in the EU network. The brakes of Russian wagons are calculated by MPS Rules for Traction Calculations, approved by the Russian Ministry of Transport (till 2004 ‐ Ministry of Communication Ways of Russia)). On the other hand, the brakes of the wagons produced in Western Europe should be calculated applying TSI (Technical Specifications for Interoperability) methodology. The main parameter following TSI (Technical Specifications for Interoperability) methodology is braked mass and following MPS (Railway Transport Ministry of Russia) method ‐ a pressing force of the brake shoes. The questions of determining the braked mass of wagons and correcting mean braking distance are presented. The compatibility of two different evaluating methods is discussed. Finally, the basic conclusions are given.

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Duraisivam, Sivam, i E. Jamuna. "Thermal Analysis and Fabrication of Split Shoe Drum Brake". Applied Mechanics and Materials 867 (lipiec 2017): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.867.239.

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Active control of vehicle dynamics has become one of the top competitive features in today’s automobiles. Vehicle dynamics control systems include effective brakes and the number of life loss has been increased due to the in effective brakes. To reduce the crashing of vehicles caused by the braking disability by overcoming the drawbacks of the conventional braking system.Brakes are employed to stop or slow down the speed of the vehicle depending upon the driving needs. When brake applied, each wheel of the vehicle builds-up a certain braking force. For this reason, greater the number of wheels braked, greater will be the braking effect, and sooner the vehicle comes to halt. With this in mind the existing air brake system of a 6 wheeler is studied and analyzed. Brake shoe assembly is completely modeled using solid works and the analysis of the brake shoe assembly is carried out in Ansys .The results are analyzed . Then redesigned brake shoe assembly is modeled in solid works and analyzed with certain changes as required.

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Mortimer, Rudolf G. "Motorcyclists' Brake Operation, Motorcycle Brake Controls and a Case Study: The Need for Human Factors Engineering". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, nr 10 (wrzesień 2002): 890–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204601003.

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A survey was made of the braking techniques reportedly used by 180 motorcyclists in a variety of conditions. Overall, the motorcyclists indicated that they used both front and rear brakes in hard braking 75% of the time on dry pavement and 47% on wet, but in other conditions they mostly used the rear brake first or exclusively. That the rear brake is preferred is not surprising because of the design of the brake controls and other reasons. Reliance on the rear brake at the expense of the front wheel brake leads to reduced deceleration. A crash case study exemplifies the effect. Integrated brakes, in which each brake control simultaneously activates the brakes on the front and rear wheels, are indicated by good human factors design and by motorcyclist's braking performance and should improve safety, especially when the brakes incorporate anti-locking mechanisms

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Pradhan, Dr Swastik, Santhosh M, Palepu rithvik i Katkam Ravi Teja. "Modelling and analysis of ventilated disc Brakes using Creo and FEA software". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 6 (30.06.2022): 1359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43959.

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Abstract: An important part of a car's safety system is the brakes. Brakes are easily worn, leading to unpredictable disasters. To avoid this, ventilated disc brakes are used, which helps the brakes to work well in stressful conditions and high temperatures. The materials used play an important role in determining performance. The main objective of this research work is to analyze the current design and conduct a suitable brake rotor analysis to improve its performance. Existing brake disc designs are modeled in Creo and analyzed with software. The material grades used in this study were performed on stainless steel, grey cast iron, structural steel, and titanium alloy brake discs using the same brake disc design to determine the best grade. Keywords: ventilated disc brake, creo, thermal analysis, static analysis.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Brakes"

Stephens, Arthur William, i arthur stephens esb ie. "Aerodynamic Cooling of Automotive Disc Brakes". RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070108.121737.

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Sufficient heat dissipation is crucial to the effective operation of friction based braking systems. Such cooling is generally provided by ensuring a sufficient supply of cooling air to the heated components, hence the aerodynamics in the region of the brake components is extremely important. The objective of the research was to develop an understanding of how aerodynamics could be used to improve the cooling of automotive disc brakes. Two separate sets of wind tunnel experiments were developed. Tests were performed on a vented disc (rotor) to measure the internal flow through the vents on a rotating vented disc under various conditions, including an isolated disc in still air, the disc in still air with the wheel on, the disc in moving air with the wheel on, and an on-road simulation using a ¼ car. On vehicle tests were also performed in a wind tunnel using a purpose built brake test rig. These tests measured the thermal performance of different brake discs under various operating parameters; including constant load braking, and cooling from high temperature under various speeds, wheels and disc types. It was found that airflow through vented rotors was significantly reduced during simulated on-road driving, compared to when measured in isolation, but not particularly affected by the vehicles speed. In the situations tested, vented discs offered a 40+% improvement in cooling over an equivalent sized solid rotors. However the research indicates that the greatest benefit of vented rotors over solid will be in vehicles where air entering the wheel cavity is limited, such as low drag vehicles. It was also found that the most significant improvements in brake thermal performance could be achieved by maximising the airflow into the region of the brake components; including increasing the open area of the wheel, and increasing the vehicle velocity. Other improvements can be achieved by using a wheel material with good conductive capability, and increasing the mass of the disc. Evidence of vortex shedding was also discovered in the airflow at the exit of an internal vented rotor, any reduction in this flow disturbance should lead to increased airflow with associated improvements in thermal performance.

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Duffour, Philippe. "Noise generation in vehicle brakes". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619769.

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Oliver-Hall, Richard. "Friction characteristics of skewed roller brakes". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1998. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9118.

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The project sponsors design and manufacture skewed roller brake devices for use in aircraft flight control actuation systems. Design tools have previously been developed to predict the torque characteristics ofthese devices. A fundamental deficiency ofthese tools is the use ofempirical friction coefficient data gathered from a limited test sample. A need was identified to develop a friction coefficient model based on the operational parameters ofthe design, namely load, speed and lubricant viscosity. The development and validation ofthis model formed the basis ofthe technical research objective. A cost benefit analysis indicated that the sponsors could reasonably expect to gain a significant technical competitive advantage over their competitors ifthe technical research objective could be achieved. This advantage should provide opportunities for premium pricing ofthe product and enhanced opportunities to enter new markets. Additionally, the sponsors could expect lead time reductions and cost savings of £69000 from the removal ofthe need to conduct prototype tests to assess the effective friction coefficient. A friction coefficient model and skewed roller torque equation design tool have been successfully developed, satisfying the technical research objective. The friction coefficient model is defined in terms of lubrication number. The lubrication number parameter incorporates lubricant viscosity, roller speed, roller load and contact surface roughness terms, fully describing the operational parameters ofa design. Experimental evidence has validated the model using two lubricants, a hydraulic fluid, Brayco 795 and a mineral oil, Catenex 79. The tests cover a lubrication number range from 2 x 10-5 to 6 X 10-2 with a mean Hertzian stress from 0.27 to 0.61 Gpa. The success ofthis project has ensured that the sponsors will reap the cost and design lead time savings predicted in the cost benefit analysis and have the tools necessary to develop new markets and premium pricing business opportunities.

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Merrow, Kathleen. "Nietzsche's "woman" : a metaphor without brakes". PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4099.

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This thesis reconsiders the generally held view that Friedrich Nietzsche's works are misogynist. In doing so it provides an interpretation of Nietzsche's texts with respect to the metaphor "woman," sets this interpretation into an historical context of Nietzsche reception and follows the extension of Nietzsche's metaphor "woman" into French feminist theory. It provides an interpretation that shows that a misogynist reading of Nietzsche is in error because such a reading fails to consider the multiple perspectives that operate in Nietzsche's texts.

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Kienhöfer, Frank Werner. "Heavy vehicle wheel slip control". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609594.

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Dzirasa, Mawuli. "Experimental investigation of dither control for the suppression of automotive brake squeal". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17604.

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Pulugundla, Gautam. "CFD design analysis of ventilated disc brakes". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2008. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6578.

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This thesis reports the numerical investigation of the automotive ventilated disc brake rotor. Disc brakes operate on the principle of friction by converting kinetic energy into heat energy. The main objective of a disc brake rotor is to store this heat energy and dissipate it as soon as possible. This work is carried out in a area where there is very limited understanding. Commercial CFD code FLUENT was used for carrying out the simulations with the rotor rotating in still air. Only one passage and blade were simulated as all the rotor passages were identical. Uniform temperatures were used on the rotor to simulate the braking condition. Sixteen different blade angle sets were simulated and the range of blade angles having the best aero-thermal performance were identified using mass flow rate, rate of heat dissipation and temperature uniformity as performance metrics. The effect of rotational speed and rotor temperature (corresponding to various braking conditions) on the aero-thermal performance was evaluated. The rotor speed and temperature were observed to have significant effect on the rotor performance. The number of blades in the ventilated disc brake rotor was also varied and was observed to have an impact on the aero-thermal performance of the disc brake rotor. Detailed design changes like inlet chamfer, blade leading edge rounding, and variable thickness blade and passage aspect ratio were incorporated. All these changes did have an effect on the aero-thermal performance of the disc brake rotor. The inlet chamfer and the leading edge rounding improved both the rate of heat transfer and the temperature uniformity. The variable thickness blade and the lower aspect ratio passage improved the temperature uniformity of the rotor.

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Koetniyon, Saiprasit. "Thermal stress analysis of automotive disc brakes". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2000. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2938/.

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A brake disc rotor forms pan of a foundation brake and rotates with the wheel hub assembly. The main function of a foundation brake is to generate a retarding torque by converting mechanical energy to thermal energy by virtue of the frictional work done in relative sliding at the rotor-pad interface. In practice, most brake discs arc made from cast iron and in use arc sometimes subjected to high thermal stresses which can lead to permanent plastic deformation and occasionally rotor cracking. The aim of the present work is to investigate the thermal response of such a cast iron brake disc using the finite element (FE) method. One particular existing brake disc design for a medium passenger car was chosen for the investigation. This is a "back-vented" disc designed to minimise disc coning but the present work also includes an investigation of a conventional "frontvented" disc similar in dimension to the back-vented disc but with different detailed geometry. Experimental work was undertaken to derive the rotor material properties in tension and compression as a function of temperature. This data was used to generate suitable FE material model routines which accurately allow for the different temperature-dependent yield properties of cast iron in tension and compression. The modelling work highlights the role of the rotor geometry in controlling the thermal response of the structure but. more importantly, the necessity for an accurate material model is illustrated, particularly with regard to its ability to predict the accumulation of plastic strain which may lead to rotor cracking. Using the most accurate user developed material subroutine, the thermal response of the back-and front-vented disc designs are compared: the back-vented disc suffers lower thermal distortion but at the expense of higher plastic strain accumulation, particularly near the point of attachment of the vanes.

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Schick, Bastian. "A Digital Test Bench for Pneumatic Brakes". Thesis, KTH, Spårfordon, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290043.

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This master’s thesis covers the structuring and implementation of a digital testbench for the air brake system of freight trains. The test bench will serveto further improve the existing brake models at Transrail Sweden AB. Theseare used for the optimised calculation of train speed profiles by the DriverAdvisory System CATO. This work is based on the research of the technicalbackground, as well as the methodical approach to physical modelling anda modular implementation of the test bench. It gives full flexibility for thesimulation of customised train configurations using the European UIC brakesystem. Train length and vehicle arrangement can be adapted to the user’sspecific needs. For example, the test bench could be used for the simulation ofa train with distributed power. The system parameters are stored in a vehiclelibrary for the convenient generation of train configurations. This vehiclelibrary is freely expandable.The simulation is based on an equivalent electric circuit model which iscompleted with nozzle flow modelling. This model involves monitoring themain pipe, brake cylinder and reservoir pressure. Linear approximation is usedto obtain braking forces for the individual wagons and for the whole train. Thedepiction of the brake system behaviour is mostly accurate in the operationalscenarios, which is validated with measurement data. Additional calibrationis required for further reduction of the simulation errors and an extension ofthe model’s domain of validity. The test bench is developed by incrementaland iterative modelling and prepared for further improvements and variations,for example the adaption to the American AAR system variant.The presented work can also be used as a basis for similar implementationssuch as driving simulators. The methods are transferable to other applicationsof modular simulation.
Det här examensarbetet omfattar formgivningen och implementeringen aven digital provbänk för tyckluftsbromssystemet på godståg. Provbänken skaanvändas för att vidareutveckla befintliga bromsmodeller hos Transrail SwedenAB. De används för beräkningen av optimerade hastighetsprofiler förtåg i förarassistanssystemet CATO. Arbetet baserar sig på undersökningenav den tekniska bakgrunden, samt ett metodiskt angreppssätt för fysikaliskmodellering. Verktyget är implementerat på ett modulärt sätt. Provbänkenger full flexibilitet för simuleringen av skräddarsydda tågkonfigurationer somanvänder det europeiska UIC-bromssystemet. Tåglängd och fordonsanordningkan anpassas enligt användarens behov, till exempel för simulering av fördeladtraktion. Systemparametrarna lagras i ett fordonsbiliotek som förenklar inmatningenav tågkonfigurationer. Fordonsbiblioteket kan utvidgas enligt behov.Simuleringen är baserad på en ekvivalent strömkretsmodell, som kompletterasmed modellerad dysströmning. Simuleringen beskriver trycket ihuvudledningen, bromscylindern och förrådsluftsbehållaren. Bromskrafternaapproximeras linjärt efter trycken för de enskilda vagnarna såväl som helatåget. Simuleringen återger beteendet av bromssystemet i alla driftsituationerpå ett verklighetsnära sätt, enligt validering med mätdata från Knorr-Bremse:stestanläggning. Ytterligare kalibrering behövs för att minimera avvikelserna isimuleringen och för att utvidga modellens giltighetsdomän. Provbänken harutvecklats i stegvis modellering och är väl förberedd för vidareutveckling ochanpassning. Ett exempel är anpassningen för att simulera det amerikanskaAAR-bromssystemet.Arbetet som presenteras här är lämplig för användning i liknande applikationer,såsom körsimulatorer. Metoden kan tillämpas allmänt på övrigaanvändningsområden av modulär simulering.

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Shanmugam, Karthikeya. "Simulation model development of vehicle dynamics-brakes". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-393300.

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Książki na temat "Brakes"

International, Mitchell, i AlliedSignal Automotive Aftermarket, red. AlliedSignal Bendix brakes: The brake book. Rumford, RI (105 Pawtucket Avenue, Rumford, 02916-2422): AlliedSignal Automotive Aftermarket, 1996.

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Reif, Konrad, red. Brakes, Brake Control and Driver Assistance Systems. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03978-3.

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Wilson, Cherry. Thunder brakes. Thorndike, Me: G.K. Hall, 2000.

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Johanson, Chris. Auto brakes. Tinley Park, Ill: Goodheart-Willcox Co., 2007.

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Derato, Frank C. Automotive brakes. New York: Gregg Division, McGraw-Hill, 1989.

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D, Mitchell Chase, red. Brakes (A5). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2004.

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Board, United States National Transportation Safety. Heavy vehicle airbrake performance. [Washington, D.C.]: The Board, 1992.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, i SAE International Congress & Exposition (1996 : Detroit, Mich.), red. Current and future developments in ABS/TCS and brake technology. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1996.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, i Society of Automotive Engineers. World Congress, red. Brake technology : ABS/TCS systems, NVH, and foundation brakes. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2000.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, red. Air disc brakes. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1986.

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Części książek na temat "Brakes"

Seward, Derek. "Brakes". W Race Car Design, 193–200. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-03015-3_8.

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Unger, Dieter. "Brakes". W Lifts and Escalators, 147–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67822-0_13.

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Post, Wulf. "Wheel brakes". W Brakes, Brake Control and Driver Assistance Systems, 56–73. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03978-3_5.

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Wells, Peter, i Michael Rawlinson. "Clutches and Brakes". W The New European Automobile Industry, 150–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23526-1_8.

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Farrell, Dan. "Transmission and brakes". W Routledge Companion to Cycling, 118–27. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003142041-15.

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Richards, Keith L. "Design of Brakes". W Design Engineer's Sourcebook, 941–47. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2018.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315367514-39.

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Post, Wulf. "Motor-vehicle safety". W Brakes, Brake Control and Driver Assistance Systems, 1–11. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03978-3_1.

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Heinen, Frank, i Peter Eberspächer. "Hydraulic modulator". W Brakes, Brake Control and Driver Assistance Systems, 134–41. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03978-3_10.

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Zabler, Erich. "Sensors for Brake Control". W Brakes, Brake Control and Driver Assistance Systems, 142–53. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03978-3_11.

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Kant, Bernhard. "Sensotronic brake control (SBC)". W Brakes, Brake Control and Driver Assistance Systems, 154–57. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03978-3_12.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Brakes"

Brabb, David C., Kenneth L. Martin, Anand R. Vithani, Monique F. Stewart i S. K. Punwani. "Freight Car Electrically Driven Set and Release Hand Brake (EDHB)". W ASME 2011 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2011-67031.

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For years, American freight railroads have attempted to eliminate freight train crew injuries when applying and releasing freight car hand brakes. Currently, a person has to crank a handle or turn a wheel while in ergonomically awkward positions to apply a hand brake. If the operator slips or the brake’s mechanisms slip, injuries occur. Also, there are inherent safety issues with the climbing of ladders or steps to operate the brake and the need for going in-between cars to access the brakes. Additionally, today’s hand brakes are applied manually to varying degrees because there is no indicator to tell the crew that the hand brake is fully applied. Many times the hand brake is over applied and becomes damaged. Moreover, a hand brake that is not released upon train movement leads to wheel flats that damage the car, lading, and the track. Wheel set replacement is one of the most costly remediation activities on the railroad and damaged track adversely affects equipment and operations. With the objective of reducing or completely eliminating the issues mentioned above, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) has sponsored the development of an ‘Electrically Driven Set & Release Hand Brake’ (EDHB). Under this effort, Sharma & Associates, Inc. (SA) has conducted research into related concepts/products conceptualized and evaluated different arrangements selected a promising concept and developed a prototype. Functional laboratory demonstration tests have been conducted on the prototype. Future plans include working with the industry in developing and implementing performance and testing specifications for the EDHB, and validating the design through lab and field-testing.

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Jin, Hanxiang, Alexandrina Untaroiu, Gen Fu, Vahe Hayrapetian i Kariem Elebiary. "Sensitivity Analysis of Fluid Pre-Swirl and Swirl Brakes Design on the Performance of Labyrinth Seals". W ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69537.

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In non-contact annular labyrinth seals used in turbomachinery, the fluid pre-rotation in the direction of shaft rotation effectively increases the fluid velocity in the circumferential direction and could generate destabilizing fluid forces exerting on the rotor. Swirl brakes are typically employed to reduce the fluid pre-rotation at the inlet of the seal. The inlet flow separates as it follows the swirl brakes, and the ratio between the tangential component of the velocity in the seal and the velocity of the rotor surface varies consequently. Effective swirl brakes can significantly suppress the destabilizing fluid forces as it is effectively reduces the tangential velocity. In literature, it was shown that leakage rate can also be reduced by using swirl brakes with “negative-swirl”. In this study, a labyrinth seal with inlet swirl brakes is selected as the baseline design and seal performance is evaluated using ANSYS-CFX. The design of experiments (DOE) approach is used to investigate the effects of various design variables on the seal performance. The design space consists of swirl brake’s length, width, curvature at the ends, the tilt angle, as well as the number of swirl brakes in the circumferential direction. Simple random DOE sampling method with Euclidean distances for the design matrix is used to generate the design points. The steady-state CFD simulations are then performed for each design point to analyze the performance of the swirl brakes. The quadratic polynomial fitting is used to evaluate the sensitivity of the average circumferential velocity with respect to the design variables, which gives a qualitative estimation for the performance of the swirl brakes. The results provide a better understanding of which design variables are critical and more effective in reduction of the destabilizing forces acting on the rotor, and thus will support the swirl brake design for annular pressure seals.

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Elbella, A., i A. Seireg. "Optimum Design of Crown Brakes". W ASME 1989 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1989-0080.

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Abstract The use of crown brakes with heat input from both the inner and outer surfaces has been suggested as a means of improving the performance of frictional brakes. This paper presents an algorithm for the design of the optimal thermal load sharing and configuration of the rotor for brakes with different ratios of inner to outer radius. Several illustrative examples are considered and the results show that significant improvement in the performance and weight of the brake rotor can be achieved by this approach.

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Cataldi, Olga K., i Robert C. Lauby. "Electronically Controlled Pneumatic Brake Systems for North American Freight Railroads". W ASME/IEEE 2007 Joint Rail Conference and Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc/ice2007-40038.

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A new braking technology for the Nation’s railroads is the subject of extensive attention in the Federal Government and the railroad industry. Electronically Controlled Pneumatic (ECP) brakes are a tested and validated technology superior to conventional pneumatic brakes and can bring significant improvements to the safety and efficiency of railroad operations. Advanced braking concepts like ECP brakes were first investigated by the Association of American Railroads (AAR) in 1990. Over the past 15 years, ECP brake technology has progressed rapidly. ECP brake systems have been field tested on various railroads since 1995. The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) has been an active and consistent advocate of ECP brake system implementation. In 1997, FRA participated in an AAR initiative to develop ECP brake standards. In 1999, FRA funded a Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) for the ECP brake systems specified in the AAR standards. FRA also took part in programs to develop and enhance advanced components for the application of ECP brake systems. During the early years of development, however, FRA did not initiate regulatory actions impacting ECP brake technology. The development and application of ECP brakes remained the sole responsibility of the brake manufacturers and the railroads. Progress towards implementation of ECP brake technology slowed and stalled due to difficulties in identifying an optimal implementation strategy to support the required investment. In 2005, FRA felt that it was time to reenergize ECP brake system interest. FRA took steps to assess industry readiness and the effectiveness of the ECP brake technology. FRA contracted with Booz Allen Hamilton, a major consulting firm, to assess current ECP brake technology and to identify cost, business and safety benefits, and implementation strategies. After a thorough analysis of ECP brake technology and a review of the results of numerous studies and initiatives, FRA concluded that the technology is mature and the time is right for implementation of ECP brake technology in the North American railroad industry. Therefore, FRA is currently proceeding with new rulemaking to support industry conversion to ECP brakes. FRA’s rulemaking activity is responsive to the railroad industry’s needs and should facilitate the introduction and widespread application of ECP brake technology. This paper discusses the safety and efficiency advantages of an industry conversion to ECP brakes as the primary method of train braking. The paper also describes the challenges associated with conversion to ECP brakes and FRA’s actions to support their implementation.

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Ovchinnikova, N. A., D. V. Zaykin i A. D. Kolesnichenko. "ANTI-SLIP SYSTEM". W Aerospace instrumentation and operational technologies. Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/978-5-8088-1554-4-2021-2-228-232.

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The issue of aircraft braking was and is important and relevant. The following devices have found applications as brakes: air brakes (aerodynamic brake pads), brake parachutes, engine reversals, but despite this, the main share of the horizontal component of kinetic energy is consumed by the wheel brakes. When braking the chassis, such a phenomenon as skidding may occur, in which case the linear speed of the wheel surface is lower than the speed of the support surface relative to the vehicle.

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Huang, Yuan Mao, i J. S. Shyr. "Pressure Distributions of Drum Brakes". W ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dac-1032.

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Abstract With the assumptions that the interface between the brake drum and the lining plates is perfect contact, that the friction coefficient is constant, that the thermal effect is neglected, that the brake drum and metal shoes are rigid, the pressure distributions of drum brakes are studied by using the boundary element method. The constant element is used in the two dimensional model of the drum brake for simplicity and economy. The pressure distributions on the metal shoe and the lining plate and the friction force versus the effective cam lift are compared and show good agreement with the available data. The effects of the Young’s modulus of elasticity, the angle of the arc length, the friction coefficient, the location and the thickness of the lining plate, the Young’s modulus of elasticity and the angle of the arc length of the metal shoe, and the angle of the actuating force on the pressure distributions of the drum brakes are then studied.

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Blake, Jonathan, i Hakan Gurocak. "Magnetorheological Fluid Brake for a Force Feedback Glove for Virtual Environments". W ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85073.

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The research and development of a Magnetorheological (MR) fluid brake for use in a force feedback glove is presented. The glove is a haptic interface for a virtual reality (VR) environment. The glove implements the MR fluid brakes to restrict motion of the VR user’s fingers. It is controlled by an input current and produces a corresponding output torque. The torque of the MR fluid brake is equivalent to the continuous torque exerted by a typical human index finger. Two sizes of brakes were developed to control the joints of the thumb, index, and middle fingers. The paper presents background and design details of implementing the MR fluid. The prototype designs of the MR fluid brakes are then introduced. Test procedures and results of the braking torque and response time are presented. Lastly, the implementation of the brakes into a force feedback glove is briefly discussed. Test results show that the MR fluid brake is capable of restricting the motion of a human finger.

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Yuhas, Donald, Carol Vorres, Loretta Oleksak, Saikiran Divakaruni i Vijay Subramanian. "Engineering Properties of Drum Brake Friction Materials". W Brake Colloquium & Exhibition - 41st Annual. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-1890.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The rising popularity of EVs has led to a resurgence of interest in drum brakes. Drum brakes benefit from less complex mechanical design, have no residual brake drag, and the enclosed design is less susceptible to corrosion and debris emission. For the commercial EVs, the elimination of engine noise makes brake noise a major contributor to vehicle noise. With the renewed interest in drum brakes, there is an increased need for property data for NVH simulations to optimize noise performance. Similar to disc brakes, the modeling of drum brake performance requires a complete set of friction material engineering properties determined over the pre-loads and temperatures encountered in brake applications. Results are presented for eight different drum brake formulations and platforms. The measurement approach and data analysis parallels that used for the elastic property measurements of disc pad friction materials, SAE J2725. A complete set of elastic properties and engineer properties are measured on several formulations over the temperature range from 20°C to 325°C and pre-loads from 5 bar to 30 bar. These drum brake friction material elastic properties are compared with those typically encountered in disc pads. The sample preparation techniques, data collection methods, and analysis procedures used to mitigate the influence of drum brake curvature will be described.</div></div>

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Polak, Adam, Janusz Grzybek, Stanisław Pytko i Kirill Voynov. "Reuse of Wear Debris in Automotive Disc Brakes". W World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63346.

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Paper presents an idea of wear debris reuse in the automotive disc brakes. According to this idea, worn material is used as a material building up third body. Application of this idea leads to diminishing of brake discs and brake pads wear.

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Childs, Dara W., James E. Mclean, Min Zhang i Stephen P. Arthur. "Rotordynamic Performance of a Negative-Swirl Brake for a Tooth-on-Stator Labyrinth Seal". W ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25577.

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In the late 1970’s, Benckert and Wachter (Technical University Stuttgart) tested labyrinth seals using air as the test media and measured direct and cross-coupled stiffness coefficients. They reported the following results: (1) Fluid pre-swirl in the direction of shaft rotation creates destabilizing cross-coupled stiffness coefficients, and (2) Effective swirl brakes at the inlet to the seal can markedly reduce the cross-coupled stiffness coefficients, in many cases reducing them to zero. In recent years, “negative-swirl” swirl brakes have been employed that attempt to reverse the circumferential direction of inlet flow, changing the sign of the cross-coupled stiffness coefficients and creating stabilizing stiffness forces. This study presents test results for a 16-tooth labyrinth seal with positive inlet preswirl (in the direction of shaft rotation) for the following inlet conditions: (1) No swirl brakes, (2) Straight, conventional swirl brakes, and (3) Negative-swirl swirl brakes. The negative-swirl swirl-brake designs were developed based on CFD predictions. Tests were conducted at 10.2, 15.35, and 20.2 krpm with 70 bars of inlet pressure for pressure ratios of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5. Test results include leakage and rotordynamic coefficients. In terms of leakage, the negative-swirl brake configuration leaked the least, followed by the conventional brake, followed by the no-brake design. Normalized to the negative-swirl brake configuration, the conventional-brake and no-brake configurations mass flow rate were greater, respectively, by factors of 1.04 and 1.09. The direct stiffness coefficients are negative but small, consistent with past experience. The conventional swirl brake drops the destabilizing cross-coupled stiffness coefficients k by a factor of about 0.8 as compared to the no-brake results. The negative-swirl brake produces a change in sign of k with an appreciable magnitude; hence, the stability of forwardly-precessing modes would be enhanced. In descending order, the direct damping coefficients C are: no-swirl, negative-swirl, conventional-swirl. Normalized in terms of the no-swirl case, C for the negative and conventional brake designs are, respectively, 0.7 and 0.6 smaller. The effective damping Ceff combines the effect of k and C. Ceff is large and positive for the negative-swirl configuration and near zero for the no-brake and conventional-brake designs. The present results for a negative-brake design are very encouraging for both eye-packing seals (where conventional swirl brakes have been previously employed) and division-wall and balance-piston seals where negative shunt injection has been employed.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Brakes"

Merrow, Kathleen. Nietzsche's "woman" : a metaphor without brakes. Portland State University Library, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5983.

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Savick, Douglas S. Test Comparison for 20mm Perforated Muzzle Brakes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, luty 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada260631.

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Mooney, Frederick W. US Russia Policy: Time to Put the Brakes on Democratic Reform. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzec 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434880.

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Mendoza, Enrique, i Ceyhun Bora Durdu. Putting the Brakes on Sudden Stops: The Financial Frictions-Moral Hazard Tradeoff of Asset Price Guarantees. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, wrzesień 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10790.

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Hellerman, Simeon. D(NA)-Branes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/787181.

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Silverstein, Eva. 'Insightful D-branes'. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/992463.

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Bowman, Robert J., Paul F. Flanagan i Ernst S. Baumgartner. Brake-By-Wire Program. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423564.

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McGreevy, John Austen. D-Branes in Curved Space. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/878878.

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Takeda, Masahiko. Japan braces for economic headwinds. East Asia Forum, styczeń 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1547416829.

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Aspinwall, P. Computation of Superpotentials for D-Branes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839741.

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