Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Bondi solutions

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Bondi solutions”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Bondi solutions"

Ghosh, Shubhrangshu, i Prabir Banik. "Characteristics of transonic spherical symmetric accretion flow in Schwarzschild-de Sitter and Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter backgrounds, in pseudo-general relativistic paradigm". International Journal of Modern Physics D 24, nr 11 (6.09.2015): 1550084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271815500844.

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In this paper, we present a complete work on steady state spherically symmetric Bondi type accretion flow in the presence of cosmological constant (Λ) in both Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SDS) and Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter (SADS) backgrounds considering an isolated supermassive black hole (SMBH), with the inclusion of a simple radiative transfer scheme, in the pseudo-general relativistic paradigm. We do an extensive analysis on the transonic behavior of the Bondi type accretion flow onto the cosmological BHs including a complete analysis of the global parameter space and the stability of flow, and do a complete study of the global family of solutions for a generic polytropic flow. Bondi type accretion flow in SADS background renders multiplicity in its transonic behavior with inner "saddle" type and outer "center" type sonic points, with the transonic solutions forming closed loops or contours. There is always a limiting value for ∣Λ∣ up to which we obtain valid stationary transonic solutions, which correspond to both SDS and SADS geometries; this limiting value moderately increases with the increasing radiative efficiency of the flow, especially correspond to Bondi type accretion flow in SADS background. Repulsive Λ suppresses the Bondi accretion rate by an order of magnitude for relativistic Bondi type accretion flow for a certain range in temperature, and with a marginal increase in the Bondi accretion rate if the corresponding accretion flow occurs in SADS background. However, for a strongly radiative Bondi type accretion flow with high mass accretion rate, the presence of cosmological constant do not much influence the corresponding Bondi accretion rate of the flow. Our analysis show that the relic cosmological constant has a substantial effect on Bondi type accretion flow onto isolated SMBHs and their transonic solutions beyond length-scale of kiloparsecs, especially if the Bondi type accretion occurs onto the host supergiant ellipticals or central dominant (CD) galaxies directly from ambient intercluster medium (ICM). However, for high mass accretion rate, the influence of cosmological constant on Bondi accretion dynamics, generically, diminishes. As active galactic nuclei (AGN)/ICM feedback can be advertently linked to Bondi type spherical accretion, any proper modeling of AGN feedback or megaparsecs-scale jet dynamics or accretion flow from ICM onto the central regions of host galaxies should take into account the relevant information of repulsive Λ, especially in context to supergiant elliptical galaxies or CD galaxies present in rich galaxy clusters. This could also explore the feasibility to limit the value of Λ, from the kinematics in local galactic-scales.

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Lynden-Bell, Donald, i Jiří Bičák. "Pressure in Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi solutions and cosmologies". Classical and Quantum Gravity 33, nr 7 (1.03.2016): 075001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/33/7/075001.

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Hernandez, X., L. Nasser i A. Aguayo-Ortiz. "A New Hydrodynamic Spherical Accretion Exact Solution and Its Quasi-spherical Perturbations". Astrophysical Journal 945, nr 1 (1.03.2023): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acb538.

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Abstract We present an exact γ = 5/3 spherical accretion solution that modifies the Bondi boundary condition of ρ → constant as r → ∞ to ρ → 0 as r → ∞. This change allows for simple power-law solutions on the density and infall velocity fields, ranging from a cold empty freefall condition where pressure tends to zero, to a hot hydrostatic equilibrium limit with no infall velocity. As in the case of the Bondi solution, a maximum accretion rate appears. As in the γ = 5/3 case of the Bondi solution, no sonic radius appears, this time however, because the flow is always characterized by a constant Mach number. This number equals 1 for the case of the maximum accretion rate, diverges toward the cold empty state, and becomes subsonic toward the hydrostatic equilibrium limit. It can be shown that in the limit r → 0, the Bondi solution tends to the new solution presented, extending the validity of the Bondi accretion value to cases where the accretion density profile does not remain at a fixed constant value out to infinity. We then explore small deviations from sphericity and the presence of angular momentum through an analytic perturbative analysis. Such perturbed solutions yield a rich phenomenology through density and velocity fields in terms of Legendre polynomials, which we begin to explore for simple angular velocity boundary conditions having zeros on the plane and pole. The new solution presented provides complementary physical insight into accretion problems in general.

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Waters, Tim, Aycin Aykutalp, Daniel Proga, Jarrett Johnson, Hui Li i Joseph Smidt. "Outflows from inflows: the nature of Bondi-like accretion". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 491, nr 1 (4.11.2019): L76—L80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slz168.

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ABSTRACT The classic Bondi solution remains a common starting point both for studying black hole growth across cosmic time in cosmological simulations and for smaller scale simulations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback. In nature, however, there will be inhomogeneous distributions of rotational velocity and density along the outer radius (Ro) marking the sphere of influence of a black hole. While there have been many studies of how the Bondi solution changes with a prescribed angular momentum boundary condition, they have all assumed a constant density at Ro. In this Letter, we show that a non-uniform density at Ro causes a meridional flow and due to conservation of angular momentum, the Bondi solution qualitatively changes into an inflow–outflow solution. Using physical arguments, we analytically identify the critical logarithmic density gradient |$\partial \ln \rho/\partial \theta$| above which this change of the solution occurs. For realistic Ro, this critical gradient is less than 0.01 and tends to 0 as Ro → ∞. We show using numerical simulations that, unlike for solutions with an imposed rotational velocity, the accretion rate for solutions under an inhomogeneous density boundary condition remains constant at nearly the Bondi rate $\dot{M}_\mathrm{ B}$, while the outflow rate can greatly exceed $\dot{M}_\mathrm{ B}$.

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Reddy, D. R. K., i P. Innaiah. "Plane symmetric cosmological solutions of the Lyttleton-Bondi Universe". Acta Physica Hungarica 61, nr 3-4 (czerwiec 1987): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03158352.

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Sussman, Roberto A., i Luisa G. Jaime. "Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi dust solutions in f ( R ) gravity". Classical and Quantum Gravity 34, nr 24 (20.11.2017): 245004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/aa91f5.

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Costa, João L., i Filipe C. Mena. "Global solutions to the spherically symmetric Einstein-scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant in Bondi coordinates". Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations 18, nr 02 (czerwiec 2021): 311–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219891621500107.

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We consider a characteristic initial value problem, with initial data given on a future null cone, for the Einstein (massless) scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant, in Bondi coordinates. We prove that, for small data, this system has a unique global classical solution which is causally geodesically complete to the future and decays polynomially in radius and exponentially in Bondi time, approaching the de Sitter solution.

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Herrera, Luis, Alicia Di Prisco i Justo Ospino. "Hyperbolically Symmetric Versions of Lemaitre–Tolman–Bondi Spacetimes". Entropy 23, nr 9 (16.09.2021): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23091219.

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We study fluid distributions endowed with hyperbolic symmetry, which share many common features with Lemaitre–Tolman–Bondi (LTB) solutions (e.g., they are geodesic, shearing, and nonconformally flat, and the energy density is inhomogeneous). As such, they may be considered as hyperbolic symmetric versions of LTB, with spherical symmetry replaced by hyperbolic symmetry. We start by considering pure dust models, and afterwards, we extend our analysis to dissipative models with anisotropic pressure. In the former case, the complexity factor is necessarily nonvanishing, whereas in the latter cases, models with a vanishing complexity factor are found. The remarkable fact is that all solutions satisfying the vanishing complexity factor condition are necessarily nondissipative and satisfy the stiff equation of state.

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Chang, Shu-Cheng. "Global existence and convergence of solutions of the Calabi flow on Einstein 4-manifolds". Nagoya Mathematical Journal 163 (wrzesień 2001): 193–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0027763000007960.

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In this paper, firstly, we show the Bondi-mass type estimate of solutions of Calabi flow on closed 4-manifolds. Secondly, in our applications, we obtain the long time existence on closed 4-manifolds. In particular, we are able to show the asymptotic convergence of a subsequence of solutions of the Calabi flow on closed Einstein 4-manifolds.

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Aguayo-Ortiz, Alejandro, Emilio Tejeda i X. Hernandez. "Choked accretion: from radial infall to bipolar outflows by breaking spherical symmetry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 490, nr 4 (23.10.2019): 5078–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2989.

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ABSTRACT Steady-state, spherically symmetric accretion flows are well understood in terms of the Bondi solution. Spherical symmetry, however, is necessarily an idealized approximation to reality. Here we explore the consequences of deviations away from spherical symmetry, first through a simple analytic model to motivate the physical processes involved, and then through hydrodynamical, numerical simulations of an ideal fluid accreting on to a Newtonian gravitating object. Specifically, we consider axisymmetric, large-scale, small-amplitude deviations in the density field such that the equatorial plane is overdense as compared to the polar regions. We find that the resulting polar density gradient dramatically alters the Bondi result and gives rise to steady-state solutions presenting bipolar outflows. As the density contrast increases, more and more material is ejected from the system, attaining speeds larger than the local escape velocities for even modest density contrasts. Interestingly, interior to the outflow region, the flow tends locally towards the Bondi solution, with a resulting total mass accretion rate through the inner boundary choking at a value very close to the corresponding Bondi one. Thus, the numerical experiments performed suggest the appearance of a maximum achievable accretion rate, with any extra material being ejected, even for very small departures from spherical symmetry.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Bondi solutions"

Blakely, Philip. "Numerical solutions of the general relativistic equations for black hole fluid dynamics". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/226111.

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The aims of this thesis are to develop and validate a robust and efficient algorithm for the numerical solution of the equations of General Relativistic Hydrodynamics, to implement the algorithm in a computationally efficient manner, and to apply the resulting computer code to the problem of perturbed Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton accretion onto a Kerr black hole. The algorithm will also be designed to evolve the space-time metric, and standardised tests will be applied to this aspect of the algorithm. The algorithm will use up-to-date High-Resolution Shock-Capturing numerical schemes that have been developed for the stable and accurate solution of complex systems of equations. It will be built around the Adaptive Mesh Refinement and overlapping, curvilinear grid methodologies in order to extend these schemes to the efficient solution of two and three-dimensional problems. When implementing the algorithm, we will use previously written code libraries, where appropriate, to avoid excessive software development. We will validate the algorithm against standard test-cases for Special and General Relativistic Hydrodynamics, and for Einstein's equations for the evolution of the space-time metric. The methodologies we use will be tested to ensure that they lead to the stable and accurate numerical solution of these problems. Finally, the implemented algorithm will be applied to the problem of Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton flow onto a Kerr black hole in three dimensions. It will be validated against existing exact and numerical solutions of the problem, and then be used to perform an extensive parametric study of the problem, varying the spin of the black hole and the incident wind direction, and allowing for the perturbation of the fluid density upstream of the black hole. We will then analyze the results of the study, and present the complete set of results on a DVD accompanying this thesis.

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Baxter, Rodney Charles. "The thermodynamics of binary liquid mixtures of compounds containing multiple bonds". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016079.

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Excess thermodynamic properties have been determined for several binary liquid mixtures with the aim of testing various thermodynamic theories and postulates. Excess molar enthalpies, HEm, have been determined using an LKB flow microcalorimeter and excess molar volumes, VEm, have been determined using an Anton Paar vibrating tube densitometer. The activity coefficients at infinite dilution ƴ∞₁₃, have been determined using an atmospheric pressure gas-liquid chromatograph. The excess molar enthalpies and the excess molar volumes have been measured at 298.15 K for systems involving the bicyclic compounds decahydronaphthalene (decalin), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin), bicyclohexyl, or cyclohexylbenzene mixed with 1- hexene, 1-hexyne, 1-heptene, 1-heptyne, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,4- cyclohexadiene, or benzene. These excess properties have also been measured for systems where the bicyclic compound has been replaced with benzene, cyclohexane or n-hexane. The results show defmite trends related to the size, shape, and the degree of unsaturation of the component molecules. The Flory theory has been used to predict excess molar enthalpies and excess molar volumes for {(a bicyclic compound or benzene or cyclohexane or n-hexane) +(an n-alkane or a 1-alkene or a 1-alkyne or a cycloalkane or cyclohexene or a cycloalkadiene or benzene)}. The one parameter equations offer reasonably good correlations between the predicted and the experimental results. More insight into the origins of the contnbutions to the excess thermodynamic properties for these systems has been gained by considering the approximate equations of Patterson and co-workers, which separate the interactional and the free volume contributions to the excess molar enthalpy and the excess molar volume. The one parameter equations have adequately rationalized a good deal of the observed behaviour for HEm and VEm. The theory of Liebermann and co-workers, which does not employ any adjustable parameters, has not been as successful at predicting the excess thermodynamic properties for the above systems. The activity coefficients at infinite dilution have been measured at 278.15 K, 288.15 K and 298.15 K for n-bexane, 1-bexene, 1-hexyne, n-heptane, 1-heptene, 1-heptyne, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, and benzene, in decalin, tetralin, bicyclohexyl, and cyclohexylbenzene. Solvent losses from the column have been accounted for by an extrapolation procedure. The activity coefficient results together with the HEm and VEm values have been used to calculate the partial molar excess thermodynamic properties of mixing at infinite dilution. The partial molar excess properties at infinite dilution for decalin mixtures are similar to those for bicyclohexyl mixtures. There is also a similarity between the properties of the tetralin mixtures and the cyclohexylbenzene mixtures. The cycloalkadienes, benzene and the 1-alkynes exhibit a strong dissociation effect on being mixed with the saturated solvents, decalin and bicyclohexyl, but associate strongly with tetralin and with cyclohexylbenzene. The Flory theory bas been used to predict activity coefficients at infinite dilution from the experimentally determined HEm results for { (n-bexane or 1-hexene or 1-hexyne or naheptane or 1-heptene or 1-beptyne) + (a bicyclic compound)}. The theory is much better at predicting values for mixtures where both components are either saturated molecules or are unsaturated molecules than for {saturated + unsaturated} mixtures.

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Yang, Lixu. "Non-covalent interactions in solution". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8097.

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Non-covalent interactions taking place in solution are essential in chemical and biological systems. The solvent environment plays an important role in determining the geometry and stability of interactions. This thesis examines aromatic stacking interactions, alkyl-alkyl interactions, edge-to-face aromatic interactions, halogen bonds and hydrogen…hydrogen interactions in solution. Chapter 1 briefly introduces the different classes of non-covalent interactions, in addition to the state-of-the-art models and methods for investigating these weak interactions. The chapter finishes with a focus on dispersion interaction in alkanes and arenes. Chapter 2 investigates dispersion interactions between stacked aromatics in solution using a new class of complexes and thermodynamic double mutant cycles (DMCs). In extended aromatics, dispersion was detected as providing a small but significant contribution to the overall stacking free energies. Chapter 3 concerns the experimental measurement of alkyl-alkyl dispersion interactions in a wide range of solvents using Wilcox torsion balances. The contribution of dispersion interactions to alkyl-alkyl association was shown to be very small, with DMC, QSPR method and Hunter's solvation model. Chapter 4 studies edge-to-face aromatic interactions in series of solvents. In the open system, edge-to-face aromatic interactions were found to be sensitive to the solvent environment. The solvent effects were complicated and cannot be rationalised by a single parameter. Further analysis is needed. Chapter 5 describes a preliminary approach to investigate organic halogen…π interactions in solution using supramolecular complexes and torsion balances. Chapter 6 is a preliminary investigation of the ability of hydrogen atoms to act as H bond acceptors in silane compounds. Computations and 1H NMR demonstrated a weak interaction between silane and perfluoro-tert-butanol.

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Näslund, Lars-Åke. "Probing unoccupied electronic states in aqueous solutions". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Physics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-294.

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Water is one of the most common compounds on earth and is essential for all biological activities. Water has, however, been a mystery for many years due to the large number of unusual chemical and physical properties, e.g. decreased volume during melting and maximum density at 4 °C. The origin of the anomalies behavior is the nature of the hydrogen bond. This thesis will presented an x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study to reveal the hydrogen bond structure in liquid water.

The x-ray absorption process is faster than a femtosecond and thereby reflects the molecular orbital structure in a frozen geometry locally around the probed water molecules. The results indicate that the electronic structure of liquid water is significantly different from that of the solid and gaseous forms. The molecular arrangement in the first coordination shell of liquid water is actually very similar as the two-hydrogen-bonded configurations at the surface of ice. This discovery suggests that most molecules in liquid water have two-hydrogen-bonded configurations with one donor and one acceptor hydrogen bond compared to the four-hydrogen-bonded tetrahedral structure in ice. This result is controversial since the general picture is that the structure of liquid water is very similar to the structure of ice. The results are, however, consistent with x-ray and neutron diffraction data but reveals serious discrepancies with structures based on current molecular dynamics simulations. The two-hydrogen-bond configuration in liquid water is rigid and heating from 25 °C to 90 °C introduce a minor change in the hydrogen-bonded configurations. Furthermore, XAS studies of water in aqueous solutions show that ion hydration does not affect the hydrogen bond configuration of the bulk. Only water molecules in the close vicinity to the ions show changes in the hydrogen bond formation. XAS data obtained with fluorescence yield are sensitive enough to resolved electronic structure of water molecules in the first hydration sphere and to distinguish between different protonated species. Hence, XAS is a useful tool to provide insight into the local electronic structure of a hydrogen-bonded liquid and it is applied for the first time on water revealing unique information of high importance.

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Jevtic, Branko Z. "The Eurobond market for convertible bonds and solutions to selected valuation problems". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273870.

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Nielson, Jennifer Burrows. "NMR studies on the asymmetry of hydrogen bonds in solution /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9732713.

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Kam, Casimir Sié. "Les bond graphs pour la modélisation des systèmes linéaires incertains". Lille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL10110.

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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans la problématique relative à la modélisation des systèmes linéaires incertains pour l'étude de la sensibilité et de la robustesse des modèles aux incertitudes paramétriques. La détermination de la fonction de sensibilité paramétrique y est abordée sous deux aspects : le premier porte sur l'application de la règle de Mason directement sur les modèles bond graphs pour la détermination sous forme formelle de la fonction de sensibilité paramétrique, le second propose une nouvelle modélisation des composants bond graphs en vue de simulations directement avec les logiciels bond graphs existants. La détermination de la forme d'état canonique est traitée en considérant les incertitudes paramétriques comme étant des composants avec un sens physique, et des procédures graphiques pour sa détermination sont données. La forme standard d'interconnexion utilisée dans le cadre de la [mu]-analyse et de la [mu]-synthèse, est déterminée à l'aide de procédures graphiques mises en œuvres après une nouvelle modélisation des composants bond graphs. Enfin, les méthodes développées sont appliquées sur un exemple automobile.

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Ehmke, David Christoph [Verfasser]. "Bond Debt Governance : A Comparative Analysis of Different Solutions to Financial Distress of Corporate Bond Debtors / David Christoph Ehmke". Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1175742651/34.

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Emery, Paul Ralph. "Multicomponent Cocrystals and Solid Solutions based on a Two-Point Hydrogen Bond Synthon". Digital WPI, 2009. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/102.

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Herein we describe a straight-forward and reproducible method for the preparation of homogeneous, multicomponent cocrystals and supramolecular solid solutions. We prepared these multicomponent materials based on small organic molecules that employ a two-point supramolecular hydrogen bond synthon. We report the creation and characterization of two, three, four, five, and seven component crystals containing a variety of 2-aminopyridines and monosubstituted benzoic acids. These systems exhibit the ability to accommodate multiple components in varying proportions while coordinating into an identical packing structure. The flexibility of the system to incorporate multiple components also gives rise to gradual modulation of physical properties.

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Aguiar, Paulo Ricardo Rua. "Financing green development: 'Climate Bonds’ as a solution for institutional investors engagement". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9821.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
This study examines whether ‘climate bonds’ are achieving the desired investment scale to tackle climate change and whether those bonds are being issued with features that are attractive to institutional investors. Several cases of climate bond issuances, especially by companies were analyzed. While investor’s interest in climate bonds exists, this market is still small and investors are not being offered with an attractive investment scale. As the results indicate, both credit enhancements and aggregation vehicles to enable scale investments are possible solutions to boost the climate bond market.

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Książki na temat "Bondi solutions"

Goldeneye: Secrets, Strategies, Solutions. Bournemouth, UK: Paragon Publishing Ltd, 1997.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Computational solution of chemistry problems: Final report for the period ended June 30, 1988. Norfolk, Va: Dept. of Chemical Sciences, College of Sciences, Old Dominion University, 1989.

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The properties of solvents. Chichester: Wiley, 1998.

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Heston, Steven L. A closed-form solution for options with stochastic volatility, with application to bond and currency options. New Haven, CT: Yale University, School of Organization and Management, 1992.

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Texas School Performance Review (Agency). Banks to bonds: A practical path to sound school district investing : innovative solutions to help address the issues and challenges facing most public school districts. Austin, Tex: Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts, 2001.

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Animal assisted brief therapy: A solution-focused approach. Wyd. 2. New York, NY: Brunner-Routledge, 2011.

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Livingston. Solutions Manual to Accompany Bonds and Bond Derivatives. Blackwell Publishers, 1999.

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Compounds, Mixtures and Solutions (Raintree Freestyle: Material Matters). Raintree Publishers, 2005.

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Części książek na temat "Bondi solutions"

Martín Pendás, Ángel, i Julia Contreras-García. "Solutions". W Topological Approaches to the Chemical Bond, 359–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13666-5_10.

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Machado, J. A. Tenreiro, i Vitor M. R. Cunha. "Solutions". W An Introduction to Bond Graph Modeling with Applications, 197–243. First edition. | Boca Raton : Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, 2021.: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003057741-9.

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Salvetti, G., i E. Tombari. "Dielectric Properties of Aqueous Solutions". W Hydrogen Bond Networks, 221–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8332-9_21.

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Zhang, Zhiqiang. "Discounting and Bond Valuation". W Fundamental Problems and Solutions in Finance, 17–37. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8269-9_2.

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Cser, L., i Yu M. Ostanevich. "Structure and Dynamics of Aqueous Solutions of Tetramethylurea". W Hydrogen Bond Networks, 481–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8332-9_45.

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Rossky, Peter J. "Structural and Dynamical Quantum Effects in Aqueous Solution". W Hydrogen Bond Networks, 37–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8332-9_3.

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Liang, Xi, i Hannah Gao. "11. Assessing the Quality of Green Finance Standards". W Greening Europe, 165–76. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0328.11.

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X. Liang and Z. Gao in Chapter 11 argue that climate change is one of the greatest challenges that humans are facing in this century. Mobilising investment and finance in addressing climate issues is key to unlocking actions on climate change across countries. The estimated investment required to achieve the climate mitigation goal established in the Paris Agreement ranges from US$1.6 trillion to US$3.8 trillion annually from 2016 to 2050, while the tracked annual flow of climate finance is US$579 billion on average. Despite significant growth in climate finance flows, the gap remains substantial. In response to the gap, an issue that must be urgently addressed is maximising the effectiveness of climate investment and finance. Developing Green Finance, such as green bonds, green funds, or green loans, has provided hope for a potential solution to bridge the climate change funding gap. Since the first green bonds were issued in 2007 by the European Investment Bank (EIB), the green financial market has grown rapidly in both scale and market coverage. Green bonds remain the dominant asset in terms of market share. In 2021, green, social, sustainability, sustainability-linked, and transition-themed debt reached US$1 trillion with growth spearheaded by green bond issuance. This represents a twenty-fold increase from 2015, and accounts for 10% of the global debt markets.

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Konrat, Robert, Martin Tollinger, Georg Kontaxis i Bernhard Kräutler. "NMR Techniques to Study Hydrogen Bonding in Aqueous Solution". W Hydrogen Bond Research, 17–38. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6419-8_2.

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Damić, Vjekoslav, i John Montgomery. "Generation of the Model Equations and Their Solution". W Mechatronics by Bond Graphs, 157–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49004-4_5.

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Damić, Vjekoslav, i John Montgomery. "Generation of the Model Equations and Their Solution". W Mechatronics by Bond Graphs, 135–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55848-1_5.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Bondi solutions"

BOCHICCHIO, I. "LEMAÎTRE–TOLMAN–BONDI SOLUTIONS IN f(R)-GRAVITY". W Proceedings of the MG12 Meeting on General Relativity. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814374552_0384.

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Laage, Damien, Guillaume Stirnemann, Fabio Sterpone i James T. Hynes. "Water and Hydrogen-Bond Dynamics in Aqueous Solutions". W Laser Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ls.2009.lswf1.

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Milton, Basil, Aashish Shah, Hui Xu, Odal Kwon, Gary Schulze, Ivy Qin i Nelson Wong. "Smart Wire Bond Solutions for SiP and Memory Packages". W 2019 IEEE 69th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ectc.2019.00016.

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Takahashi, Koji, Yasuo Kasugai i Takeo Kondo. "Smooth Redemption Policy of Port Facilities in Case of Ocean Space Utilization". W ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41026.

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The ports of the world are operated by port authorities. The systems for establishing port facilities are roughly classified into two types depending on their sources of revenue. In the first type of system (used mainly for channels, breakwaters, berths, etc.), the national/local government and the port authority share the cost of construction. In the second type of system (used for cargo handling facilities, reclaimed lands, etc.), the port authority alone raises funds through a port-related bond-financed project and issues bonds. One characteristic of such bond-financed projects is that the costs of operating the facility and redeeming the bonds are funded through usage fees for the ground and profit from the sale of reclaimed land. Port authorities now require a smooth redemption policy for bonds issued in the past. However, port authorities have found it difficult to choose between having to raise usage fees and land prices high enough to enable smooth redemption in bond-financed projects on the one hand and having to reduce usage fees and land prices to reinforce international competitiveness in port logistics on the other. Unless a solution to this problem is found quickly, the finances of port authorities may become even more constrained, given the rising trend in port construction costs due to the risks of disasters such as earthquakes and due to growing interest rates. This is because prior investments are required for the construction of port facilities that takes a long time (between 5 and 10 years) and usage fees and profits from the sale of land must be suppressed to low levels because of political pressure. This will lead to larger bond issues and therefore a greater necessity for a smooth redemption policy of port facilities in the case of ocean space utilization. The authors first describe the structure of port management in the world, and analyze the financial situation of port authorities. Next, the authors point out that as the capital, maintenance, and management costs of port facilities grow in response to large-scale natural disasters, which exceed existing assumptions, and other factors, port authorities are being forced to take measures to address this. Lastly, the authors argue that public incentive assistance to shipping companies and logistics companies can effectively address the conflicting demands of reinforcing international competitiveness, strengthening disaster restoration capabilities, and enabling the smooth redemption of bonds in bond-financed projects.

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Park, Sungnam, Michael Odelius i Kelly J. Gaffney. "Ultrafast Dynamics of Hydrogen Bond Exchange in Aqueous Ionic Solutions". W Laser Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ls.2009.lswf3.

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Granger, Rene', Robert Triboulet i Serge R. Rolland. "Bond stability and electronic properties of Hg1-xZnxTe solid solutions". W SPIE's 1996 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, redaktorzy Randolph E. Longshore i Jan W. Baars. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.255164.

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Park, Sungnam, Kyungwon Kwak, Kelly J. Gaffney i Michael D. Fayer. "Two-dimensional Vibrational Spectroscopy : Hydrogen Bond Dynamics in Ionic Solutions". W Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2007.ftha4.

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Shipilov, Konstantin F., i Sergey A. Gnedoy. "IR spectroscopy of hydrogen bonds in aqueous stratified solutions of azines". W OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1993.thdd.11.

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In a series of our works an anomalous behavior of some optical, magnetic and acoustic properties of an aqueous solution of 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine (TMP) was observed around 40C i.e. far from the critical point of solution stratification (5.7 C).

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Storodubtseva, Tamara, B. Bondarev i A. Korneeva. "ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE CHANGE ON WOOD POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIAL". W Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_334-339.

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In this work the research of new wood polymeric composite material as which filler timber industry waste in the form of sawdust, shaving, spill, lumpy waste and polyethyleneterephthalate, a research of its frost resistance by means of a method of a computer experiment is used is considered. A computer program has been developed to simulate the structure and physical properties of building blocks made of wood polymer composite material. The program allows you to set geometric and physical parameters of the building block and material components in the windows of the interface form in program code, as well as test conditions for cyclic heating and cooling to temperatures maximum possible during operation, and investigate the influence of parameters on the internal and surface destruction of the building block. The program is applicable for a wide range of concentrations of composite components, geometric parameters of the building block, various mechanical and thermocyclic tests. Influence of composition of wood polymer composite material on structure in thermocyclic tests is investigated. Dependencies of broken bonds on concentration of wood, cartogram of breaking bonds of wood polymer composite material with concentration of wood from 20 to 80% are obtained.

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Yu, Yang, Zhiming Yang i Kangkang Xu. "A Post-Bond TSVs Test Solution for Leakage Fault". W 2019 IEEE International Test Conference in Asia (ITC-Asia). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itc-asia.2019.00035.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Bondi solutions"

Tian, Shu. Primer on Social Bonds and Recent Developments in Asia. Asian Development Bank, luty 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/spr210045-2.

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Innovative financial instruments to support more inclusive development have emerged in recent years. These include social bonds designed to raise proceeds for projects with positive social outcomes. Social bonds can help Asia meet its long-term objectives in line with the Sustainable Development Goals and also facilitate the transition to a more inclusive economic recovery from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This publication explains why social bond market development is vital to financing the sustainable recovery of Asia from the pandemic. It also outlines salient barriers to social bond market development in the region and potential solutions to overcome them.

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Bromberg, S. E. Ultrafast studies of organometallic photochemistry: The mechanism of carbon-hydrogen bond activation in solution. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/290873.

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Jungsberg, Leneisja, Hilma Salonen i Lisa Rohrer. Scaling up Nordic impact through public procurement - A review of literature. Nordregio, luty 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/wp2023:1.1403-2511.

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In 2019, it was estimated that, of 5,000 Nordic start-ups, 10% included solutions that addressed the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, many of them struggled to make a profit, especially at the early stages and mostly due to a lack of access to the market and to the right supporters. This publiction consists of two sections: The first part addresses barriers to public procurement, enablers for social innovation, and institutional support measures; In part two, we evaluate how Nordic municipalities use alternative financial models such as social impact bonds (SIBs) and public-private partnerships to achieve social impact.

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Galindo Paliza, Luis Miguel, Bridget Hoffmann i Adrien Vogt-Schilb. Research Insights: How Much Will It Cost to Achieve the Climate Goals in Latin America and the Caribbean? Inter-American Development Bank, sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004334.

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Meeting the climate change challenge requires structural transformations in infrastructure, health and social protection, and financial institutions. Climate action calls for a redirection of existing financial flows. An adequate response requires redirecting financial flows to achieve annual spending of 2 to 8 percent of GDP on the provision of infrastructure services and 5 to 11 percent of GDP on social programs. Specific financing sources, such as green taxes and sustainable bonds, can finance part of climate efforts. However, to redirect public and private spending and foreign investment into solutions consistent with climate goals, governments will also need to reform policies and regulations in all sectors.

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Oliynyk, Kateryna, i Matteo Ciantia. Application of a finite deformation multiplicative plasticity model with non-local hardening to the simulation of CPTu tests in a structured soil. University of Dundee, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001230.

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In this paper an isotropic hardening elastoplastic constitutive model for structured soils is applied to the simulation of a standard CPTu test in a saturated soft structured clay. To allow for the extreme deformations experienced by the soil during the penetration process, the model is formulated in a fully geometric non-linear setting, based on: i) the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into an elastic and a plastic part; and, ii) on the existence of a free energy function to define the elastic behaviour of the soil. The model is equipped with two bonding-related internal variables which provide a macroscopic description of the effects of clay structure. Suitable hardening laws are employed to describe the structure degradation associated to plastic deformations. The strain-softening associated to bond degradation usually leads to strain localization and consequent formation of shear bands, whose thickness is dependent on the characteristics of the microstructure (e.g, the average grain size). Standard local constitutive models are incapable of correctly capturing this phenomenon due to the lack of an internal length scale. To overcome this limitation, the model is framed using a non-local approach by adopting volume averaged values for the internal state variables. The size of the neighbourhood over which the averaging is performed (characteristic length) is a material constant related to the microstructure which controls the shear band thickness. This extension of the model has proven effective in regularizing the pathological mesh dependence of classical finite element solutions in the post-localization regime. The results of numerical simulations, conducted for different soil permeabilities and bond strengths, show that the model captures the development of plastic deformations induced by the advancement of the cone tip; the destructuration of the clay associated with such plastic deformations; the space and time evolution of pore water pressure as the cone tip advances. The possibility of modelling the CPTu tests in a rational and computationally efficient way opens a promising new perspective for their interpretation in geotechnical site investigations.

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Baah, Prince. Implementing Epoxy Injection in Concrete Overlaid Bridge Decks. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317588.

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Concrete overlays have proven to be an effective maintenance treatment as they slow de-icing chemical and water penetration into the original deck surface. Typically, due to vibration, structural flexibility, and weak bond between the concrete overlay and deck concrete potentially due to poor construction, de-bonding develops at the boundary between the original deck and overlay. This de-bonding creates voids, providing reservoir for chloride laden water to fill after it penetrates cracks in the surface. Displacing this liquid solution and filling these cracks with epoxy helps reduce freeze/thaw cycling and reduces spalling. The epoxy material protects the bridge deck from moisture and helps support the overlay and prevent it from failing under traffic loads. This leads to an extension of the asset life span and life cycle cost benefit increase. Overall, the bridge infrastructure performance improves significantly with greater mobility and less traffic interruptions due to repairs to bridges on our roadway infrastructures. Epoxy injection helps extends the service life of bridge decks and reduces the need for emergency bridge deck patching and as a result improves safety of road users. Epoxy injection has been added to INDOT’s Maintenance Work Performance Standards during the course of this study.

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