Artykuły w czasopismach: „Bloemendaal (North Holland, Netherlands)”

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LÓPEZ MOLINA, J. A. "(n + 1)-TENSOR NORMS OF LAPRESTÉ'S TYPE". Glasgow Mathematical Journal 54, nr 3 (31.07.2012): 665–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089512000286.

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AbstractWe study an (n + 1)-tensor norm αr extending to (n + 1)-fold tensor products, the classical one of Lapresté in the case n = 1. We characterise the maps of the minimal and the maximal multi-linear operator ideals related to αr in the sense of Defant and Floret (A. Defant and K. Floret, Tensor norms and operator ideals, North Holland Mathematical Studies, no. 176 (North Holland, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1993). As an application we give a complete description of the reflexivity of the αr-tensor product (⊗j = 1n + 1 ℓuj, αr).

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Frolova, Elena. "Healthcare in the Netherlands". Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), nr 8 (27.07.2020): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2008-09.

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What do we know about the Netherlands — a small country in western Europe? This state is home to about 17 million inhabitants who are fluent in at least two languages. Contrary to popular belief that the Netherlands is the birthplace of tulips, these flowers were brought there from Turkey in the 16th century, and only then became the real treasure of this country [2]. The Netherlands became the first country in the world to legalize euthanasia. Prostitution was legalized there in 2001, and women of easy virtue even have the right to a pension when they reach a certain age. It is allowed to drink alcohol from the age of 16 in the Netherlands, and soft drugs can legally be purchased in coffee shops. The Netherlands is also distinguished by a very high percentage of «home birth» cases — every fifth resident of this country gave birth to her child outside the hospital. The Netherlands is sometimes mistakenly called Holland, but this is fundamentally wrong: only two of the 12 districts have such a name — North and South Holland. This fact has been fixed at the state level most recently — all government facilities,institutions, embassies are obliged to refer to this country exclusively as the Kingdom of the Netherlands from now on.

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Visser, O., i F. E. van Leeuwen. "Stage-specific survival of epithelial cancers in North-Holland/Flevoland, The Netherlands". European Journal of Cancer 41, nr 15 (październik 2005): 2321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2005.03.037.

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Visser, O., i F. E. van Leeuwen. "Cancer risk in first generation migrants in North-Holland/Flevoland, The Netherlands, 1995–2004". European Journal of Cancer 43, nr 5 (marzec 2007): 901–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2006.12.010.

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Vos, P., J. de Koning i R. van Eerden. "Landscape history of the Oer-IJ tidal system, Noord-Holland (the Netherlands)". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 94, nr 4 (grudzień 2015): 295–332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/njg.2015.27.

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AbstractThe prehistoric Oer-IJ tidal system in the coastal area of Noord-Holland, between Castricum, Uitgeest, Velsen and Amsterdam, was the successor of the Haarlem tidal system when this was silted up around 3000 BC and large peat bogs formed in the Zaanstreek and Haarlemmermeer areas. Since then the Oer-IJ has been the natural outlet to the sea, draining the peat hinterlands. About 800 BC the Oer-IJ system was connected to the fluvial system of the Utrechtse Vecht and became the northern branch of the river Rhine. During the Late Iron Age, when the Flevo lakes in the IJsselmeer region and the Utrechtse Vecht were connected with the Wadden Sea, the Oer-IJ lost its discharge function. The tidal area silted up and was closed between 200 and 100 BC by a barrier ridge. The settlement history of the Oer-IJ system and the archaeological heritage in the subsurface is closely related to the geological and hydrological development throughout the ages. The shape and location of the continuously migrating outlet determined the opportunities for human settlements and activities. The best locations were beach ridges, higher, silted-up salt marshes and marginal zones of the peatland. In the Late Iron Age the sand flats also became habitable since tidal activity had stopped. In the Early Roman period there was no direct connection from the harbour of Castellum Flevum at Velsen to the North Sea, but ships could navigate from the Oer-IJ channel between Velsen and Amsterdam, through the Flevo lakes and the Utrechtse Vecht to the Wadden Sea, and to the Roman border (Limes) along the Oude Rijn. Here the data used for the palaeogeographic landscape reconstruction of the Oer-IJ are presented and explained, and the most important landscape-forming processes, which led to the emergence and closure of the Oer-IJ, are described. The landscape reconstructions give a new perspective on the migration of the main tidal channel and the formation of the tidal-inlet system near Castricum, which was the result of the progradation of the beach ridges south and north of the Castricummerpolder (Binnendelta according to De Roo, 1953). The geological and archaeological observations in the Binnendelta prove that the Oer-IJ was closed from the open sea in the early Late Iron Age.

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Ditewig, Sanne, Anne-France Pinget i Willemijn Heeren. "Regional variation in the pronunciation of /s/ in the Dutch language area". Nederlandse Taalkunde 24, nr 2 (1.09.2019): 195–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/nedtaa2019.2.003.dite.

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Abstract This paper reports on an explorative sociophonetic study of the phoneme /s/ in the Dutch language area. Our aim is to investigate the regional variation in the realisation of this phoneme, and to test experimentally the observation of Collins & Mees (2003) that /s/ is sometimes pronounced more like [ ], especially in the Randstad area (called s-retraction). One hundred native speakers of Dutch produced nineteen monosyllabic words containing /s/ in different syllabic contexts. The speakers were born and raised in one of five regions of the Dutch language area (West Flanders, Flemish Brabant, Netherlands Limburg, South Holland and Groningen). Spectral centre of gravity (CoG) and duration were used to measure the degree of s-retraction. CoG values turned out to be significantly lower (consistent with more retraction) in the regions in The Netherlands than in the Flemish regions. Speakers from South Holland produced significantly shorter /s/ than the other speakers. In conclusion, /s/ shows patterns of regional variation that are not fully in line with the observation forwarded by Collins & Mees (2003). The difference between the Flemish and Dutch regions shows that s-retraction is found in an area larger than the Randstad, possibly pointing towards a North-South pattern of variation.

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TETER, JOHAN. "Het Wassende Water". Tijdschrift voor Historische Geografie 4, nr 2 (1.01.2019): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/thg2019.2.002.tete.

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Rising water. Deserted settlements in Holland after 1514 The abandonment of villages in Northwestern Europe between 1200 and 1400 AD is a much-studied subject. Little is known about the presence of this phenomenon after 1500 AD. In the historic County of Holland (more or less the western part of the Netherlands) evaluation of an old taxation document from 1514 showed that 7,5% of the villages and 15% of the hamlets present in 1514 had disappeared by 2018. Main reason is the slowly rising North Sea. Another cause is the destructive peat industry, which caused a steady and dangerous enlargement of inland lakes. The research also showed that smaller and economically weaker settlements have a higher chance to be left deserted. Cities, and traditional agricultural villages not close to the sea or big lakes, were practically immune to permanent abandonment in the last 500 years.

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Vismans, Roel. "1992 - Jan Stroop: Towards the end of the standard language in the Netherlands. Amsterdam, North-Holland". Internationale Neerlandistiek 50, nr 1 (1.01.2012): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/ivn2012.0.vism.

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Vos, Peter C., i Hein Wolf. "Palaeoenvironmental research on diatoms in early and middle Holocene deposits in central North Holland (The Netherlands)". Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology 28, nr 1 (marzec 1994): 97–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02334250.

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FAN, MING. "K-ENVELOPES FOR REAL INTERPOLATION METHODS". Glasgow Mathematical Journal 55, nr 2 (2.08.2012): 293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089512000523.

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AbstractIn this paper, we study the K-envelopes of the real interpolation methods with function space parameters in the sense of Brudnyi and Kruglyak [Y. A. Brudnyi and N. Ja. Kruglyak, Interpolation functors and interpolation spaces (North-Holland, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1991)]. We estimate the upper bounds of the K-envelopes and the interpolation norms of bounded operators for the KΦ-methods in terms of the fundamental function of the rearrangement invariant space related to the function space parameter Φ. The results concerning the quasi-power parameters and the growth/continuity envelopes in function spaces are obtained.

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van Bezooijen, Renée, i Johannes Ytsma. "Accents of Dutch". Variation in (Sub)standard language 13 (31.12.1999): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.13.07bez.

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Abstract. This experimental study deals with the perception of regionally colored accents of Standard Dutch (from Groningen, Friesland, Limburg, Zuid-Holland, and West-Flanders) as compared to 'pure' Standard Dutch. Three different aspects were investigated: speech-based personality impression, perceived linguistic divergence, and geographic identifiability. Listeners originated from different parts of the Netherlands. As for personality impression, speakers of 'pure' Standard Dutch were perceived to be significantly more dominant (arrogant, self-assured, and active) than accented speakers from Groningen, Friesland, Limburg, and West-Flanders, and they received significantly higher ratings on the integrity dimension (reliable, fair, and education) than accented speakers from Limburg. No other significant differences (e.g. related to social attractiveness) were found. With respect to linguistic divergence, the speakers from the south (Limburg and West-Flanders) were perceived to have significantly stronger and more homogeneous accents than the speakers from the north (Groningen and Friesland) and the west (Zuid-Holland). Finally, the geographic origin of the speakers from Limburg appeared to be the easiest to identify and that of the speakers from West-Flanders and Groningen the most difficult.

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Sanders, Fred, Hugo Sanders i Karen Jonkers. "Cross-over analysis of the climate-change delta situation of the cities Gdansk (Baltic-sea) and Rotterdam (Nord-sea)". Open Research Europe 1 (24.03.2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13125.1.

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Gdansk and the city Haarlem in the Netherlands share a long-term relationship that started with the establishment of Dutch Mennonites in the Vistula delta in the 16th Century. A small city was founded called Holland and these immigrants reclaimed the surrounding delta area. This area of 1,000 km2, with hundreds of small ‘polders’ separated and defended by 17,000 dikes, has become an important agricultural area for the whole of Poland, similar to the Rhine delta in the Netherlands. Despite these civil defense works in the past, both coastlines nevertheless experienced floods: the Dutch southwest coast in 1953, Dutch Rhine riverbank in 1993 and 1995, and Vistula delta recently in 2001. Climate change figures show that both the Polish Gdansk and Dutch Rhine deltas will suffer flooding with sea level rises, with accumulating severe rainfall accompanied by high river levels. Although both the Baltic Sea and the North Sea are next to each other and coupled to the Atlantic Ocean, there are differences in how soon or severely climate change trends, such as seawater level rises and water thrust, become critical. From cross-over analysis it can be concluded that Poland and the Netherlands have a virtually identical approach when it comes to climate change impacts on their current situation. With regard to long-term climate change, the Netherlands is exploring the future in a planned manner with the development of new scenarios for the protection of cities. The enclosure of the Baltic Sea, on the other hand, probably offers more options for exchanging knowledge with neighbor states. In that respect, the Netherlands is more isolated in their situation with the North Sea and its Delta Plan. The situation of Gdansk and Rotterdam is quite similar; these cities can take steps forward by learning from each other’s actions.

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Vegte, F. W., J. Faber i L. Kuiters. "Vegetation, land use and management of the inner-dune zone in the North-Holland Dune Reserve, The Netherlands". Vegetatio 62, nr 1-3 (czerwiec 1985): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00044773.

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Bushman, Brad J. "Targets of violence and aggression, edited by Ronald Baenninger. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Eisevier/North-Holland, 1991, 476 pp". Aggressive Behavior 18, nr 3 (1992): 249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-2337(1992)18:3<249::aid-ab2480180308>3.0.co;2-d.

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Moehn, Wim. "The Making of the Dutch Form for Adult Baptism". Church History and Religious Culture 102, nr 3-4 (15.12.2022): 483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712428-bja10046.

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Abstract The Liturgy of the Dutch Reformed Church came about in several steps from Petrus Dathenus’s 1566 edition of the Psalms to the National Synod of Dordt (1618–1619). During the Post-Acta sessions of Dordt in 1619, it was finally decided to draw up a form for baptism of adults (“de bejaerde”), in addition to the already existing form for infant baptism. This essay shows that the church in the Netherlands could not fall back on texts that were already in use elsewhere in Europe. Both the provincial synods of North- and South-Holland and that of Zeeland provided material that was incorporated into the new form, which gradually replaced the so-called “Corte ondersoeckinge” in the years after the Synod of Dordt.

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Kok, Jan, Erik Beekink i David Bijsterbosch. "Environmental Influences on Young Adult Male Height. A Comparison of Town and Countryside in the Netherlands, 1815-1900". Historical Life Course Studies 6 (28.09.2017): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.51964/hlcs9330.

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The first phase of industrialization has often been associated with decreasing standards of living for workers, and early industrial towns and cities gained bad reputations. One of the best indicators for living conditions in early life is young adult height, and the literature has often pointed at urban-rural differences in heights to illustrate the initial decrease of living standards due to urbanization and industrialization. But how was urban residence connected to height? Causal mechanisms can include disease environment related to crowdedness, food availability or the nature of urban versus rural work. But perhaps urban-rural differences can simply be attributed to compositional effects, e.g. in cities relatively more poor, illiterate or incomplete families were to be found. Another question is whether urban-rural differences are limited to large cities compared to the rest, or whether we also find differences between towns and villages. In this brief, exploratory paper, we combine two detailed local datasets to provide answers to these questions. We contrast an early industrializing town, with a typical proletarian sub-culture of tile bakers and a significant middle class (Woerden in the province of South-Holland) to an agrarian community (the village of Akersloot and surrounding area in the province of North-Holland). Our dataset allows us to disentangle effects of the family composition, the family’s socio-economic status, food prices, and the environment on bodily growth of 1,738 young men. Our results suggest that the specific conditions of urban workers were more important for the physical development of their children than the urban or rural setting itself.

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Spiertz, Mathieu G. "Priest and Layman in a Minority Church: the Roman Catholic Church in the Northern Netherlands 1592–1686". Studies in Church History 26 (1989): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400011001.

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In 1572, when the provinces of Holland and Zeeland were almost completely overrun by the ‘Geuzen’, Pope Gregory XIII (1572-1585) succeeded to the Holy See. In 1578 this Pope forbade the Roman Catholics in the rebellious provinces to give any civil or military service to the rebels’ authority—on penalty of excommunication—and identified Catholicism with being faithful to the Spanish cause. When this Pope died in 1585, there was reasonable hope held in Rome that the recapture of the Northern Netherlands—and hence the restoration of Catholicism—would soon be realized, as Parma’s campaign was succeeding in the South of the Netherlands and one town after another fell into his hands.During the pontificates of Sixtus V (1585-1590) and Clement VIII (1592–1605) it gradually became clear to the Holy See that in the Northern Netherlands an independent state under Calvinist authority might be in the making. In these provinces the episcopal sees, set up in 1559, were either vacant or deserted since the bishops lived in exile. In spite of requests by Philip II the Holy See postponed the appointment of new bishops. However, in 1592 Clement VIII appointed an administrator, a ‘vicar apostolic’, who, in the name of the Pope, was to administer all the provinces where Calvinism had gained the upper hand, notably the area north of the great rivers in the present-day Netherlands. This vicar apostolic Sasbout Vosmeer (1592–1614) was consecrated in 1602 and given the title of archbishop of Philippi inpartibus infidelium.

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Druzhinina, Olga, Dario Hruševar, Kasper Jurgen van den Berghe, Nancy de Jong-Lambregts, Alexandra Golyeva, Koraljka Bakrač i Božena Mitič. "Application of Phytolith (Microbiomorphic) and Non-Pollen Palynomorph Analyses to the Geoarchaeological Study of the Graft Farmyard, the Netherlands". Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica Natural Sciences in Archaeology XIV, nr 1 (17.02.2023): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24916/iansa.2023.1.8.

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The aim of the present paper is to discuss the application of phytolith (microbiomorphic) and non-pollen palynomorph (NPP) analyses to the geoarchaeological study of a Medieval – Early Modern Time period farmyard in Graft, a settlement located in the polder region of North Holland, the Netherlands. The authors have assessed the potential of the methods chosen for studying this type of archaeological site during rescue excavations, when archaeologists often have a limited number of samples or methods for geoarchaeological analysis. The studies conducted have proved the informative value and effectiveness of microbiomorphic and NPP analyses in rescue excavations, especially when applied in combination, thus providing controlling and complementary information for each analysis. The data obtained have provided an important insight into the archaeological interpretation of the cultural layer within the farmyard. In addition, more information was gained on the local palaeoenvironmental dynamics and the phases of economic activity at the farmyard during the 13th–17th centuries CE.

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Schrauwers, Albert. "“Regenten” (Gentlemanly) Capitalism: Saint-Simonian Technocracy and the Emergence of the “Industrialist Great Club” in the Mid-nineteenth Century Netherlands". Enterprise & Society 11, nr 4 (grudzień 2010): 753–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700009526.

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The geometric pattern of Amsterdam's canals was iconic of its nineteenth-century social order. The spider's web of canals fanned out along the Amstel river in concentric rings, its barge traffic linking the city to its hinterland, the province of Holland, and to the wider Netherlands of which it is the nominal capital. These canals divided the “Venice of the North” into ninety islands linked by more than a thousand bridges. Imposing aristocratic and merchant houses stretched along the innermost canal ring, the Golden Curve of the Gentleman's Canal. At the center of the web lay de Dam, the 200 m long market square built on the first medieval dike protecting the city from the encroaching sea. The three pillars of the Dutch state framed the market square: the Royal Palace of the Merchant King, the Dutch Reformed New Church, and in the nineteenth century, the Amsterdam stock market, the world's oldest exchange.

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van Mourik, Jan, i Wim Ligtendag. "Relicts of a peat cover in the Westerkoggepolder (West Friesland, North-Holland, The Netherlands): The genesis of an eluvial clay soil". CATENA 132 (wrzesień 2015): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.12.005.

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Visser, O., J. Belderbos, H. Kwa i J. Van Mourik. "P-316 Improved stage-specific survival of NSCLC in North-Holland/Flevoland,the Netherlands — Effect of intensified treatment or stage migration?" Lung Cancer 49 (lipiec 2005): S198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80810-4.

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Gee, David, Andrew Sowter, Alessandro Novellino, Stuart Marsh i Jon Gluyas. "Monitoring land motion due to natural gas extraction: Validation of the Intermittent SBAS (ISBAS) DInSAR algorithm over gas fields of North Holland, the Netherlands". Marine and Petroleum Geology 77 (listopad 2016): 1338–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.08.014.

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Giessen, J. V. D., i M. Klemt-Kropp. "P0582 : Adherence to guidelines: Hepatitis B serology before starting immunosuppressive therapy (rituximab, anti-TNF) in an urban and rural region in North Holland (Netherlands)". Journal of Hepatology 62 (kwiecień 2015): S534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8278(15)30788-1.

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Triggianese, Manuela, i Fabrizia Berlingieri. "Intermodal Nodes for the European Metropolis: Amsterdam Zuidas as EURandstad's Gate". Advanced Engineering Forum 11 (czerwiec 2014): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.11.220.

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Since more than fifty years, in the Netherlands, the Randstad Holland [1,2] represents a model of reference within the international debate on the sustainable balance between urban areas, infrastructural development and preservation of natural environment. The polycentric urban structure of the country progressively built up a new metropolitan reality of Europe, based on a stable configuration of cities’ spatial relations around the maintenance of the Green Hearth core and on strategic logics of infrastructural developments. However today the double awareness to rebalance growing population of urban areas and to open the region towards North-Central Europe, create fundamental conditions for a renewed expanding vision [3]. The current Dutch metropolitan perspective looks at the densest cities of Amsterdam and Rotterdam as main European and international gates, addressing large scale ambitions to clusters of urban developments at the intersection of main roads, railways and local infrastructures. This paper presents an investigative approach and intends to provoke academic discussion on the conflicting and possible relationships between urban policies and design strategies in the construction of a new metropolitan European perspective. Particular emphasis is put on the coordination between contemporary policies with spatial implications in the city of Amsterdam. Exploring its geographical advantages, the City tries to give form to policies’ abstraction of Randstad 2040 vision in the recent structural spatial Agenda, focused on strategic urban and economic cores. The current vision represents the metropolitan ambition of the Netherlands, where the project of Zuidas - literally South Axis - is a prime example of a new model of intermodal urban hub. Throughout the Dutch example, this paper attempts to presentZuidas testing its capability to enhance an innovative approach – in urban policy and spatial implication- to sustainable development.

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Srivatsan, T. S. "Review of: ” MECHANICAL. PROPERTIES: MATERIALS DESIGN”edited by B. Wu Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing, CHINA North Holland Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 866 pages, hardcover, 1991". Materials and Manufacturing Processes 7, nr 2 (styczeń 1992): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426919208947421.

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BURNISTON, ANNE. "A review of: “Work With Display Units ’92”, edited by H. LUCZAK, A. ÇAKIR and G. ÇAKIR, North-Holland, The Netherlands (1993), pp. xv + 549, ISBN 0-444-89759-3." Ergonomics 38, nr 6 (czerwiec 1995): 1299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139508925189.

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Happaerts, Sander. "Does Autonomy Matter?" Canadian Journal of Political Science 45, nr 1 (marzec 2012): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423911000941.

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Abstract. Sustainable development needs to be tackled at all governmental levels. Moreover, policies need to be integrated, horizontally and vertically. This article studies the efforts of subnational governments and their strategies towards vertical policy integration. Four cases are compared: Quebec (Canada), Flanders (Belgium), North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) and North Holland (the Netherlands). The assumption is that their approaches are determined by their degree of autonomy, which involves their competences within their own borders (self-rule) and their influence on national decision making (shared rule). The findings, however, show that degree of autonomy does not shape the subnational governments' stance towards vertical policy integration for sustainable development. Rather, it is influenced by other factors, such as political dynamics. The analysis also puts forward that the degree of self-rule of subnational governments has a large influence on the content of sustainable development policies, not only at the subnational, but also at the national level.Résumé. Le développement durable doit être poursuivi à tous les niveaux de pouvoir. En plus, les politiques doivent être intégrées horizontalement et verticalement. Cet article étudie les efforts des gouvernements sous-nationaux et leurs stratégies envers l'intégration politique verticale. Il compare quatre cas d'étude: le Québec (Canada), la Flandre (Belgique), la Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie (Allemagne) et la Hollande Septentrionale (Pays-Bas). L'assomption est que leur approche se détermine par leur degré d'autonomie, qui est constitué par leurs compétences à l'intérieur de leurs propres frontières (self-rule) et par leur pouvoir à influencer la prise de décision nationale (shared rule). Cependant, les résultats démontrent que le degré d'autonomie ne détermine pas la position des gouvernements sous-nationaux envers l'intégration politique verticale pour le développement durable. Leur position est influencée plutôt par d'autres facteurs, tels que le contexte politique. L'analyse propose aussi que le degré de self-rule des gouvernements sous-nationaux a une grande influence sur le contenu des politiques de développement durable, non pas seulement au niveau sous-national, mais aussi au niveau national.

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Schreurs, Rachel Hellen Petra, Manuela A. Joore, Hugo ten Cate i Arina J. ten Cate-Hoek. "Using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method to explore how elastic compression therapy is organised and could be improved from a multistakeholder perspective". BMJ Open 11, nr 10 (październik 2021): e048331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048331.

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ObjectivesElastic compression stocking (ECS) therapy is an important treatment for patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). This study aimed to provide insight into the structure and variability of the ECS therapy process, its effects on outcomes, and to elicit improvement themes from a multiple stakeholder perspective.DesignThirty semi-structured interviews with professionals and patients were performed. The essential functions for the process of ECS therapy were extracted to create two work-as-done models using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM). These findings were used to guide discussion between stakeholders to identify improvement themes.SettingTwo regions in the Netherlands, region Limburg and region North-Holland, including an academic hospital and a general hospital and their catchment region.ParticipantsThe interviewees were purposely recruited and included 25 healthcare professionals (ie, general practitioners, internists, dermatologists, nurses, doctor’s assistants, occupational therapists, home care nurses and medical stocking suppliers) and 5 patients with DVT or CVI.ResultsTwo FRAM models were created (one for each region). The variability of the functions and their effect on outcomes, as well as interdependencies between functions, were identified. These were presented in stakeholder meetings to identify the structure of the process and designated variable and uniform parts of the process and its outcomes. Ultimately, six improvement themes were identified: dissemination of knowledge of the entire process; optimising and standardising initial compression therapy; optimising timing to contact the medical stocking supplier (when oedema has disappeared); improving the implementation of assistive devices; harmonising follow-up duration for patients with CVI; personalising follow-up and treatment duration in patients with DVT.ConclusionsThis study provided a detailed understanding of how ECS therapy is delivered in daily practice by describing major functions and variability in performances and elicited six improvement themes from a multistakeholder perspective.

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Kruithof, J. C., P. C. Kamp, H. C. Folmer, M. M. Nederlof i S. C. J. M. van Hoof. "Development of a membrane integrity monitoring strategy for the UF/RO Heemskerk drinking water treatment plant". Water Supply 1, nr 5-6 (1.06.2001): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2001.0122.

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At the Heemskerk water treatment plant of N.V. PWN Water Supply Company North Holland the first full scale integrated membrane system in the Netherlands is realized. The 20 Mm3/year (15 MGD) ultrafiltration (UF)/reverse osmosis (RO) plant servicing IJssel Lake water has been in operation since the second half of 1999. Disinfection is a major objective of the direct surface water treatment plant without chemical disinfection. After UF indicator organisms such as E. coli and Clostridia spores were absent. Integer UF membranes removed MS-2 phage spikes completely (<5.4 log), severely compromised membranes removed 2.7 log only. RO showed a high although incomplete removal of MS-2 phages (up to 4.8 log). Therefore integrity monitoring is a critical issue. Before installation, vacuum testing was applied with a criterion of 10 kPa/min. Many standard modules failed to pass the test. During operation UF is monitored by 1 μm particle counting with 0.05 μm particle counting as a quality control. A 3 log removal can be established. At this moment for RO conductivity measurement is applied enabling a 2 log removal monitoring. Short term monitoring of conductivity will be replaced by sulfate, increasing the monitoring range by 1 log unit. The total monitoring range of 5-6 log units easily satisfies the maximum disinfection requirement for the membrane steps for viruses of 3.6 log. To determine a wider range of disinfection requirements PWN together with Norit Membrane Technology developed the Spiked Integrity Monitoring (SIM®) System. Spiking with 14000 PAC particles/ml combined with 1 μm particle counting increased the potential for log removal monitoring of UF to 5.8 log units. Additionally PAC particle spiking increased the potential to detect UF fiber compromising. During the first 200 days of full scale operation, system performance is excellent. Membrane integrity control is very satisfactory and SIM®-System integrity control has proved to be a valid technique to establish a broader range of required inactivation capacities.

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Perlman, Gary. "Handbook of Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd ed. Edited by Martin G. Helander, Thomas K. Landauer, & Prasad V. Prabhu 1997, 1602 pages, $390.00 (30% discount for HFES members) Amsterdam, Netherlands: North-Holland/Elsevier ISBN 0-444-81862-6". Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 6, nr 3 (lipiec 1998): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106480469800600311.

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BABER, CHRIS. "A review of: “Man-Computer Interaction Research: Maclnter II”, edited by F. KLIX, N. A. STREITZ, Y. WAERN and H. WANDKE, North-Holland, PO Box 103, 1000 AC Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1989), pp. 610, USS139·50, ISBN 0-444-87336-8". Ergonomics 33, nr 8 (sierpień 1990): 1081–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139008928485.

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Drake, John M. "Philosophy of Ecology. Handbook of the Philosophy of Science, Volume 11. Edited by Kevin deLaplante, Bryson Brown, and Kent A. Peacock. North Holland. Amsterdam (The Netherlands) and Boston (Massachusetts): Elsevier. $205.00. xii + 431 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-0-444-51673-2. 2011." Quarterly Review of Biology 87, nr 2 (czerwiec 2012): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/665475.

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THACKRAY, J. C. "J. VELDKAMP. History of geophysical research in The Netherlands and its former overseas territories. (Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeling Natuurkunde, Eerste Reeks, Deel 32). North-Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam: 1984. Pp 139; illustrated. Price: not stated. ISBN 0-4448-5615-3." Archives of Natural History 16, nr 3 (październik 1989): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1989.16.3.366a.

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Ward, Harold W. "George E. Stelmach and Jean Requin (Editors) Tutorials in motor behavior II, North Holland, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Sara Burgurhartstraat 25, P.O. Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1992, 960 pages, 48 Different Articles Grouped in 8 Sections with 96 Contributors. ISBN 0 444 88801 2". Behavioral Science 39, nr 1 (1994): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830390107.

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Veraart, Lidwien. "C.W. Dubbink, Wereldrecht en wereldconflictenrecht voor de Internationale overeenkomst [International law and the conflict of laws for international contracts], Mededelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, afd. letterkunde [Journal of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Science, Literature Division], New Series, Vol. 50, No. 2, North Holland Publ., Amsterdam 1987, pp. 104." Netherlands International Law Review 35, nr 03 (grudzień 1988): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165070x0000824x.

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Rial, Carmen Silvia de Moraes, i Cornelia Eckert. "Etnografia de rua em Zaandam e Amsterdã (Holanda): Um percurso antropológico sobre resíduos sólidos". ILUMINURAS 21, nr 55 (21.12.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1984-1191.110040.

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Resumo: Relatamos a experiência etnográfica realizada em 2019 em Zaandam, Norte de Amsterdã, Holanda vinculado ao projeto Economia circular: antropologias do lixo/resíduos sólidos e experiências inovadoras entre Holanda e Brasil, no âmbito do Programa CAPES-NUFFIC, parcerias entre a Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis (SC), Brasil, e VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Holanda.Palavras-chave: Etnografia de rua. cidade. imagens. lixo. resíduos sólidos STREET ETHNOGRAPHY IN ZAANDAM AND AMSTERDAM (NETHERLANDS):AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL ROUTE ABOUT SOLID WASTE Abstract: We report the ethnographic experience held in 2019 in Zaandam, North Amsterdam, Holland linked to the Circular Economy project: anthropologies of garbage / solid waste and innovative experiences between Holland and Brazil, under the CAPES-NUFFIC Program, partnerships between the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis (SC), Brazil, and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.KeyWords: Street ethnography. city. images. garbage. solid waste

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Oliveira, Bruna R. F., Martijn P. J. Smit, Harry Veld, Leon A. van Paassen, Huub H. M. Rijnaarts i Tim Grotenhuis. "Subsidence of organic dredged sediments in an upland deposit in Wormer- en Jisperveld: North Holland, the Netherlands". Environmental Earth Sciences 77, nr 4 (luty 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7272-2.

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Rutte, Reinout, i Yvonne Van Mil. "Stedenpatronen rondom de Noordzee van de dertiende tot en met de eenentwintigste eeuw". Bulletin KNOB, 20.09.2022, 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.48003/knob.121.2022.3.758.

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Contemporary urbanization patterns around the North Sea can only be understood by looking at their long-term development and studying how these patterns arose and evolved over the centuries. If we look no further back than the Industrial Revolution, we get a distorted picture. The fact is that urbanization patterns were for the most part already established before that period, as can be clearly seen in the composite map showing all the cities and all reference years. Major port cities like Hamburg, Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Antwerp emerged during the late Middle Ages. Many other cities of importance today also date back to that period. The Industrial Revolution was decisive for only two groups of cities: those in the English Midlands and in Germany’s Ruhr area. The maps reflecting the situation in 1300 and 2015 reveal that the type of landscape had a huge impact on the urbanization patterns. Landscape provides continuity. In reaction to dramatic changes wrought by political and economic processes, the areas around the North Sea behaved like communicating vessels: the cities in the Southern Netherlands contracted, those in the Northern Netherlands expanded, Holland declined, England prospered. A succession of major economic and political processes is crucial to our understanding of the position, function and significance of today’s key North Sea cities. The foundations of urban patterns around the North Sea were established in the period before 1500. It is noteworthy that for centuries the epicentre of major port cities lay in the politically fragmented areas along the eastern shore of the North Sea here powerful and enterprising townsmen ensured an intensive exchange of goods. In the decades before and after 1600, the far-reaching political changes that occurred during the Dutch Revolt resulted in a shift in prosperity from the southern to the northern provinces, which subsequently experienced the Golden Age. While the southern provinces were constrained by their Spanish rulers, in the newly formed Republic where wealthy citizens were in charge, the cities of Holland flourished as transhipment and trading centres. During the eighteenth century, there were more dramatic shifts: the centre of gravity moved to the other side of the North Sea, to England, where the character of the economy was completely transformed by the Industrial Revolution and the main port cities were now part of a kingdom that evolved into the British Empire in which both government and entrepreneurs played an important role. Ever since industrialization took hold in northern France, Belgium and the Ruhr in the early nineteenth century, the North Sea region has been characterized by several economic epicentres that have managed to survive further far-reaching economic changes in the twentieth century. A consolidation of the pattern of cities around the North Sea occurred, seemingly due to the fact that, since the birth of the welfare state and the European Union, national governments have concentrated on the development of the economy, the population and the cities.

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Karagiannis, I., B. Schimmer i A. M. de Roda Husman. "Compliance with boil water advice following a water contamination incident in the Netherlands in 2007". Eurosurveillance 14, nr 12 (26.03.2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/ese.14.12.19156-en.

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In May 2007, Escherichia coli was detected in tap water supplied by a company in North Holland. The company issued advice through mass media to boil tap water before consumption; this advice was lifted six days later. A cross-sectional study was implemented to investigate compliance among residents in this area. Based on postcode, a total of 300 households, chosen randomly from a database of a private company performing internet-based surveys for different marketing purposes, were sent a self-administered questionnaire for this study. The questionnaire contained questions on demographic information, source of information regarding the advice, response to it and personal opinions on the company's reaction and the advice. Ninety-nine (66%) households of the affected area and 90 (60%) households from non-affected areas served by the same company replied to the survey. All respondents knew about the advice. 81.8% of the respondents in the affected area and 5.6% of the non-affected areas reported complying with the advisory. Most respondents from the affected area still used unboiled water to brush teeth, wash salads and wash fruit. There was no difference in compliance between men and women. Using the mass media was proved to be efficient to inform the public and could be used in the future in similar settings. However, more detailed wording of boiling advices should be considered in the future.

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van Sluis, Paulus, Eric Hoekstra i Hans Van de Velde. "Bildts as a mixed language". International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2016, nr 242 (1.01.2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2016-0033.

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AbstractBildts is a speech variety spoken by around 10,000 persons as a first or second language in the province Fryslân, in the north of the Netherlands. It is commonly claimed to be a dialect of Dutch containing some Frisian loan words. This article provides an analysis of Bildts based on a comparison of Bildts with its source languages: Frisian on the one hand and specific dialects of the province of South Holland on the other hand. It argues that Bildts combines a core lexicon mainly derived from Hollandic dialects with a grammar mainly derived from Frisian. However, the core lexicon also contains some Frisian words and the grammar has to some extent been levelled. The precise mixture is not easily described, let alone accounted for, in most models of language contact. Our approach combines sociological-historical information with linguistic factorisation in order to arrive at a plausible view of how Bildts came into existence. It is argued that Bildts is a mixed language, comparable to better known cases such as Ma’á, spoken in Tanzania, and that the specific nature of the mix involved the mutual accommodation of two groups of speakers: a group of mother tongue speakers of Frisian who acquired Bildts as a second language and a group of balanced bilingual speakers of Bildts and Frisian.

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Echevarria Icaza, Leyre. "Urban and regional heat island adaptation measures in the Netherlands". Architecture and the Built Environment, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.59490/abe.2017.20.1874.

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The urban planner´s role should be adapted to the current globalised and overspecialised economic and environmental context, envisioning a balance at the regional scale, apprehending not only new technologies, but also new mapping principles, that allow obtaining multidisciplinary integral overviews since the preliminary stages of the design process. The urban heat Island (UHI) is one of the main phenomena affecting the urban climate. In the Netherlands, during the heat wave of 2006, more than 1,000 extra deaths were registered. UHI-related parameters are an example of new elements that should be taken into consideration since the early phases of the design process. Problem statement Thus, the development of urban design guidelines to reduce the heat islands in Dutch cities and regions requires first an overall reflection on the heat island phenomenom (relevance of the large scale assessment, existing tools, instruments) and proposal of integrative and catalysing mapping strategies and then a specific assessment of the phenomenom at the selected locations in The Netherlands (testing those principles). Main research question Could the use of satellite imagery help analyse the UHI in the Netherlands and contribute to suggest catalysing mitigation acions actions implementable in the existing urban context of the cities, regions and provinces assessed? Method The development of urban design principles that aim at reaching a physical balance at the regional scale is critical to ensure a reduction of the UHI effect. Landsat and Modis satellite imagery can be analysed and processed using ATCOR 2/3, ENVI 4.7 and GIS, allowing not only a neighbourhood, city and regional scale assessment, but also generating holistic catalysing mapping typologies: game-board, rhizome, layering and drift, which are critical to ensure the integration of all parameters. The scientific inputs need to be combined not only with other disciplines but often also with existing urban plans. The connection between scientific research and existing agreed visions is critical to ensure the integration of new aspects into the plans. Results At the neighbourhood level the areas that have a greater heat concentration in the cities of Delft, Leiden, Gouda, Utrecht and Den Bosch are the city centres characterised by their red ceramic roof tiles, brick street paving, and canals. Several mitigation strategies could be implemented to improve the UHI effect in those areas; however, since the city centres are consolidated and listed urban areas, the mitigation measures that would be easier to implement would consist in improving the roof albedo. A consistent implementation of albedo improvement measures (improving the thermal behaviour not only of flat roofs, but also of tiled pitched roofs) of all roofs included in the identified hotspots (with an average storage heat flux greater than 90 W/m2) would help reduce the temperatures between 1.4°C and 3°C. Pre-war and post-war compact and ground-based neighbourhoods present similar thermal behaviour of the surface cover, and green neighbourhoods and small urban centres also present similar thermal behaviour. At the city scale the analysis of 21 medium-size cities in the province of North Brabant, which belongs to the South region of the county -in relative terms the most affected by the UHI phenomenon during the heat wave of 2006-, reveals that albedo and normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) are the most relevant parameters influencing the average nightime land surface temperature (LST). Thus, imperviousness, distance to the nearest town and the area of the cities do not seem to play a significant role in the LST night values for the medium-size cities analysed in the region of North Brabant, which do not exceed 7,700 ha in any case. The future growth of most medium-size cities of the regions will not per se aggravate the UHI phenomenon; in turn it will be the design of the new neighbourhoods that will impact the formation of urban heat in the province. The average day LST of provincial parks in South Holland varies depending on the land use. The analysis of the average night LST varies depending of the land use of the patches. The following surfaces are arranged from the lowest to the highest temperatures: water surfaces, forests, cropland, and greenhouse areas. For each of these land uses, NDVI, imperviousness and landscape shape index (LSI) shape index influence the thermal behaviour of the patches differently. NDVI is inversely correlated to day LST for all categories, imperviousness is correlated to day LST for all areas which do not comprise a significant presence of greenhouses (grassland and built patches) and inversely correlated to LST for areas with a high presence of greenhouses (cropland and warehouses). Greenhouse surfaces have highly reflective roofs, which contribute to the reduction of day LST. Finally, landscape shape index varies depending on the nature of the surrounding patches, especially for small patches (built areas, forests and greenhouse areas). When the patches analysed are surrounded by warmer land uses, slender and scattered patches are warmer, more compact and large ones are cooler. In turn, when they are surrounded by cooler patches it is the opposite: slenderer and scattered patches are cooler and more compact and larger ones are warmer. In Midden-Delfland (1 of the 6 South Holland provincial parks), most of the hotspots surrounding the park are adjacent to grassland patches. The measure to increase the cooling capacity of those patches would consist in a change of land use and/or an increase of NDVI of the existing grassland patches. Conclusions Satellite imagery can be used not only to analyse the heat island phenomenom in Dutch neighbourhoods, cities and regions (identify neighbourhoods with highest surface temperature, identify impact of city size and morphology in surface temperature, calcuate average surface temperature for different land uses…), but also to suggest mitigation actions for the areas assessed. Moreover, satellite imagery is here used to generate catalysing mapping typologies: game-board, rhizome, layering and drift, ensuring that the measures proposed remain accurate enough to actualy be efficient and open enough to be compatible with the rest of urban planning priorities.

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Smits, Robin L. A., Laura H. van Dongen, Marieke T. Blom, Hanno L. Tan i Irene G. M. van Valkengoed. "Gender-related factors and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest incidence in women and men: analysis of a population-based cohort study in the Netherlands". Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 1.07.2022, jech—2021–218329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2021-218329.

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BackgroundThe incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) differs consistently between women and men. Besides sex-related (biological) factors, OHCA risk may relate to gender-related (sociocultural) factors. We explored the association of selected gender-related factors with OHCA incidence in women and men.MethodsWe combined data on emergency medical services-attended OHCA with individual-level data from all women and men aged ≥25 years living in North Holland, the Netherlands. We estimated the associations between employment status, primary earner status, living with children and marital status and the OHCA incidence with Cox proportional hazards models stratified by sex and adjusted for age and socioeconomic status. To determine if metabolic factors explain the associations, we added hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia to the models. Population attributable fractions (PAF) for all gender-related factors were calculated.ResultsAll four gender-related factors were associated with OHCA incidence (eg, unemployed vs employed; HR 1.98, 95% CI 1.67 to 2.35 in women; HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.44 to 1.79 in men). In both sexes, those unemployed, those who are not primary earners, those living without children, and married or divorced individuals had an increased OHCA risk. The PAF ranged from 4.9 to 40.3 in women and from 4.4 to 15.5 in men, with the highest PAF for employment status in both sexes. Metabolic risk factors did not explain the observed associations.ConclusionGender-related factors were associated with risk of OHCA and contributed substantially to the OHCA burden at the population level, particularly in women. Employment status contributed most to the OHCA burden.

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"Marine Turtles in the Comoro ArchipelagoJ.G. Frazier North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, Oxford and New York, 1985, 177 pp, DFL 95·00 (available from Royal Netherlands Academy of Science, PO Box 19121, 1000 GC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands)". Oryx 20, nr 2 (kwiecień 1986): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300026491.

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Euser, Sjoerd, Sem Aronson, Irene Manders, Steven van Lelyveld, Bjorn Herpers, Jan Sinnige, Jayant Kalpoe i in. "SARS-CoV-2 viral-load distribution reveals that viral loads increase with age: a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study". International Journal of Epidemiology, 8.09.2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyab145.

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Abstract Background Describing the SARS-CoV-2 viral-load distribution in different patient groups and age categories. Methods All results from first nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs from unique patients tested via SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) collected between 1 January and 1 December 2020 predominantly in the Public Health Services regions Kennemerland and Hollands Noorden, province of North Holland, the Netherlands, were included in this study. SARS-CoV-2 PCR crossing-point (Cp)-values were used to estimate viral loads. Results In total, 278 455 unique patients were tested, of whom 9.1% (n = 25.374) were SARS-CoV-2-positive. PCRs performed by Public Health Services (n = 211 914), in which sampling and inclusion were uniform, revealed a clear relation between age and SARS-CoV-2 viral load, with especially children aged <12 years showing lower viral loads than adults (β: –0.03, 95% confidence interval: –0.03 to –0.02, p < 0.001), independently of sex and/or symptom duration. Interestingly, the median Cp-values between the >79- and <12-year-old populations differed by more than four PCR cycles, suggesting an ∼16-fold difference in viral load. In addition, the proportion of children aged <12 years with a low load (Cp-value >30) was higher compared with other patients (31.1% vs 17.2%, p-value < 0.001). Conclusions In patients tested by Public Health Services, SARS-CoV-2 viral load increases with age. Further studies should elucidate whether the lower viral load in children is indeed related to their suggested limited role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Moreover, as rapid antigen tests are less sensitive than PCR, these results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 antigen tests have lower sensitivity in children than in adults.

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Hulleman, Michiel, Marieke T. Blom i David D. Salcido. "Abstract 15292: Quantitative Waveform Measures Predict Survival From Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest Independent of Prior Cardiovascular Disease". Circulation 132, suppl_3 (10.11.2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.15292.

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Introduction: Quantitative waveform measures (QWM) of ventricular fibrillation (VF) can predict survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, cardiovascular disease (CVD) can change QWM as well as outcome from OHCA. We assessed the hypothesis that risk factors for and the presence of CVD were associated with changes in VF amplitude spectrum area (AMSA) and survival from OHCA. Methods: Data from ARREST, a registry of all OHCAs in North-Holland, the Netherlands, were used. Medical history was collected from the general practitioner using a questionnaire. AMSA was calculated for the first artifact free VF segment (mean segment duration 4.8 sec, sample frequency 125 Hz) and prior to every shock. Linear regression was used to assess the association between AMSA, risk factors and CVD, adjusting for resuscitation characteristics. Logistic regression was used to associate AMSA, resuscitation characteristics, risk factors and CVD with survival to hospital discharge. Results: We included 693 patients with an OHCA between 2006 and 2010, available medical history and VF on ECG recording with AED (n=163) or manual defibrillator (n=530), receiving a total of 2675, median 3 defibrillation shocks. Time from EMS call to first rhythm recording was median (IQR) 8.8 min (5.7-11.6), and 295 patients survived to hospital discharge (43%). Mean AMSA for the first analyzable segment was 12.7 (±16.0) mV-Hz, significantly lower for cardiomyopathy and obesity, and higher for known familial sudden cardiac death (SCD) (Table 1). Higher AMSA per mV-Hz increase (adjusted for resuscitation characteristics, risk factors and CVD) was significantly associated with higher survival to discharge (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.02-1.06; P<0.001). Conclusions: Changes in AMSA due to reported CVD and risk factors are of small magnitude. AMSA remains an independent predictor of survival to hospital discharge, even when adjusting for resuscitation characteristics, risk factors and CVD.

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Smits, Robin L. A., Hanno L. Tan i Irene G. M. van Valkengoed. "Sex Differences in Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survival Trends". Journal of the American Heart Association, 27.02.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/jaha.123.032179.

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Background Out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest survival rates have improved over time. This study established whether improvements were similar for women and men, and to what extent resuscitation characteristics or in‐hospital procedures contributed to sex differences in temporal trends. Methods and Results This retrospective cohort study included 3386 women and 8564 men from North Holland, the Netherlands, who experienced an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest from a cardiac cause in 2005 to 2017. Yearly rates of 30‐day survival and secondary outcomes were calculated. Sex differences in temporal trends were evaluated with age‐adjusted Poisson regression analysis, including interaction for sex and out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest year. Resuscitation characteristics and in‐hospital procedures were added to the model, and a spline at 2013 was considered. During the study period, the average 30‐day survival was 24.9% in men and 15.7% in women. The 30‐day survival rate increased in men (20% to 27.2%; P <0.001) but not in women (15.0% to 11.6%; P =0.40). The increase in the 30‐day survival rate was 3% higher per year in men than in women (rate ratio, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.00–1.05]), with a stronger difference after 2013. Men had a larger increase in survival rate to the hospital arrival than women in 2005 to 2013, and, after 2013, an advantage over women in survival rate after hospital arrival. The sex differences were partly explained by differing trends in shockable initial rhythm (eg, adjusted rate ratio, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.99–1.03] for 30‐day survival) and provision of in‐hospital procedures. Conclusions Changes in rates of 30‐day survival, survival to hospital arrival, and, after 2013, survival from hospital arrival to 30 days were more beneficial in men than women. The differences in trends were partly explained by shockable initial rhythm and in‐hospital procedures.

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Smits, Robin L. A., Fleur Heuvelman, Karen Nieuwenhuijsen, Patrick Schober, Hanno L. Tan i Irene G. M. van Valkengoed. "Long-Term Socioeconomic and Mental Health Changes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Women and Men". Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 8.07.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circoutcomes.124.011072.

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BACKGROUND: Long-term effects of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) may affect the ability to work and mental health. Our aim was to analyze 5-year changes in socioeconomic and mental health outcomes after OHCA in women and men. METHODS: We included 259 women and 996 men from North Holland, the Netherlands, who survived 30 days after OHCA occurred between 2009 and 2015. We assessed changes in employment, income, primary earner status, and anxiety/depression (using medication proxies) from the year before the OHCA to 5 years after with generalized linear mixed models, stratified by sex. We tested differences in changes by sex with interaction terms. Additionally, we explored yearly changes. The 5-year changes after OHCA were compared with changes in a sex- and age-matched sample of people without OHCA. Differences were tested using an interaction term of time and OHCA status. RESULTS: In both women and men (median age [Q1, Q3]: 51 [45, 55] and 54 [48, 57] years, respectively), decreases from before OHCA to 5 years thereafter were observed in the proportion employed (from 72.8% to 53.4% [women] and 80.9% to 63.7% [men]) and the median income. No change in primary earner status was observed in either sex. Dispensing of anxiety/depression medication increased only in women, especially after 1 year (odds ratio, 5.68 [95% CI, 2.05–15.74]) and 5 years (odds ratio, 5.73 [95% CI, 1.88–17.53]). Notable differences between women and men were observed for changes in primary earner status and anxiety/depression medication (eg, at year 1, odds ratio for women, 6.71 [95% CI, 1.96–23.01]; and for men, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.33–1.45]). However, except for anxiety/depression medication in women, similar changes were also observed in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: OHCA survivors experience changes in employment, income, and primary earner status similar to the general population. However, women who survived OHCA more often received anxiety/depression medication in the years following OHCA.

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Beesems, Stefanie G., Lizzy Wijmans i Rudolph W. Koster. "Abstract 233: Duration of Ventilations During CPR by Lay Rescuers Does Not Interfere with Delivering Chest Compressions". Circulation 124, suppl_21 (22.11.2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.124.suppl_21.a233.

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Objective: In the AHA and ERC Guidelines 2005 (G2005) and 2010 for cardiopulmonary resuscitation the importance of minimally interrupted chest compressions (cc) is emphasized. The time taken to give two breaths should not be more than 5 s to allow for a sufficient number of cc delivered. The feasibility of this recommendation for lay rescuers was questioned after manikin studies. This study aims to determine if the expected short interruption for ventilations by trained lay rescuers can be achieved in reality. Methods: The Arrest study is a prospective database of all out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the province North-Holland, in the Netherlands. We used Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) recordings where the chest impedance or sternal displacement was recorded during lay rescuer CPR. We excluded ECGs with a c:v ratio of 15:2, incomplete or technical deficient ECGs. Lay rescuers had received a standard ERC BLS and AED course in the past. A ventilation period was defined as a regular interruption of cc during the CPR cycle for more then 3 s where impedance changes suggest ventilations or during ventilation prompts. The chest compression fraction (ccf) was the time of the cycle that was used for cc. We analyzed the duration of each ventilation- and cc period, as well as the number of cc and ventilations during each 2 minutes CPR cycle. Results: We included all 222 AED recordings from lay rescuer CPR from September 2010 until March 2011, trained according to the G2005. The median (IQR) interruption time for two ventilations was 7.4 s (5.8-9.3 s). Of all, 19.4% of rescuers took >10 seconds for a ventilation period. Of the lay rescuers 97% was able to give ≥60 cc min -1 and 66% to give ≥80 cc min -1 . The median ccf (IQR) was 76.7% (71.4-83.4%). Conclusion: For the great majority of lay rescuers it is feasible to give two rescue breaths in less than 7 s and to give at least 60 compressions per minute. Trained lay rescuers can deliver compressions and ventilate as recommended by the Guidelines.

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"D. T. J. Hurle (ed.). Handbook of crystal growth. Volume 1: Fundamentals. (a) Thermodynamics and Kinetics, (b) Transport and Stability. North-Holland, Amsterdam-London-New York-Tokyo 1993. Elsevier Science Publishers. Sara Burgerhartstraat 25. P.O. Box 211. 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 2 Bände. 1218 Seiten. zahlreiche Ahbildungen und Tabellen, Quellennachweis separat zu jedem Kapitel, Sachwörterverzelchnls. ISBN 0-444-88908-6 (Volume I, a und b), Preis 388.50 US$. ISBN 0-444-89933-2 (Sene), Preis 828.50 US$". Crystal Research and Technology 29, nr 7 (1994): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crat.2170290704.

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"Catalogus van schilderijen van Jan Claesz". Oud Holland - Quarterly for Dutch Art History 104, nr 3-4 (1990): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187501790x00093.

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AbstractIn Enkhuizen, the fifth major town in the region of Holland at the time, dozens of portraits were painted in the last years of the sixteenth and first decades of the seventeenth century. ln 1934 A. B. de Vries acknowledged a few paintings of 1594 and 1595 (cat. nos. 3, 4 and 5) as the work of an artist who was active in Enkhuizen and a follower of the Amsterdam painters Pieter and Aert Pietersz. It transpires that a large number of other portraits can be attributed to that same painter. Thanks to the fact that a print by Willem Delff after one of the works in this group, a portrait of Henricus Antonii Nerdenus of 1604 (fig. 5) bears the inscription Ioan.Nicol.Enchus.pinx., the anonymous Enkhuizen artist can be identified as one Jan Claesz. Archive research has yielded only a series of entries in notarial deeds of 1613 - 1616, but the painter's works facilitate the construction of a brief biography. Jan Claesz. was probably born around 1570 or a little earlier in or near Enkhuizen, and trained with Pieter or Aert Pietersz. in Amsterdam. The young artist painted a few portraits in that city in 1593. Shortly afterwards he moved to Enkhuizen, where, j udging by his paintings, he was certainly active until 1618. He probably died that year or a little later. As far as can be established he confined himself to portraiture. The earliest known attributable works are his portraits of Bartholomeus van der Wicrc and his wife, painted in 1593 (figs. 7 and 8) and clearly showing the influence of Pieter and Aert Pietersz. The compositions and poses are characteristic of Jan Claesz.'s work; the background perspective does not quite come off. His portraits of two sisters of 1594 (figs. 9 and 10) are less ambitious, and are among the most attractive Netherlandish children's portraits of the late sixteenth century. Very similar is a portrait of Reynu Semeyns, painted a year later (fig. II), which displays the same painstaking method. This picture once had a companion piece, a portrait of the famous explorer Jan Huygen van Linschoten which is only known from a copper engraving with a partial copy in mirror image (fig. 12). This print suggests a close relationship between the portrait of Van Linschoten and a painting of 1598 in which Adriaen Teding van Berkhout is depicted (fig. 13). In 1598 Jan Claesz. also painted a full-length portrait of a child standing on a tiled floor, with two pilasters and an arch in the background (fig. 14), an arrangement he used on a number of subsequent occasions (figs. 23, 24, 26 and 27). A separate group in Jan Claesz.'s œuvre consists of three double portraits of 1601 and 1602, featuring an adult wih a child (figs. 15, 16 and 17); the companion pieces of 1602 demonstrate that the painter not only worked for Enkhuizen patrons but also for the regents in the neighbouring town of Hoorn. A few portraits of older people painted between 1603 and 1608 (figs. 2, 3, 18, 19 and 20) clearly show the minute detail in the painting, sometimes resulting in a certain hardness in the rendering. A portrait of a boy of 1608 (fig. 21) suggests that the artist was familiar with the interest evinced in other towns for giving portraits trompe-l'œil frames. Another portrait of a boy painted a year later (fig. 22) is the earliest known example of a type of children's portrait that was especially popular in West Frisia in the seventeenth century; the subject is a boy with a miniature horse. A child's portrait previously attributed to Adriaen van der Linde, a painter active in Frisia, but consistent in every aspect with other paintings by Jan Claesz., dates from the same period (fig. 24). A similar portrait, probably depicting Claes Gerritsz. Slijper and painted in 1614, has suffered considerably from overpainting of the head (fig. 28). A few portraits of adults dating from 1616-1618 (figs. 33, 34 and 36) are the last known works of the painter and among the best he ever did. Like other paintings by Jan Claesz. (figs. 1 5 and 35), they also give us an idea of the rich traditional costume of Enkhuizen. Jan Claesz. may be regarded as a representative of the generation of portraitists who in the waning sixteenth and dawning seventeenth century laid the foundations for the heyday of portraiture in the ensuing years of the seventeenth century. He is also a representative of the widespread influence of the painters Pieter and Aert Pietersz., an influence particularly noticeable in the northern region of the Netherlands. He added his own elements to their example. His fairly numerous portraits of children, with their somewhat naive charm, form an important contribution to our knowledge of the North Netherlandish children's portrait of around 1600.

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