Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Blast Protection System

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Blast Protection System”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Blast Protection System"

Jiang, Shangyuan, Ariana N. Gannon, Kyle D. Smith, Marcus Brown, Junfeng Liang i Rong Z. Gan. "Prevention of Blast-induced Auditory Injury Using 3D Printed Helmet and Hearing Protection Device – A Preliminary Study on Biomechanical Modeling and Animal". Military Medicine 186, Supplement_1 (1.01.2021): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa317.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Repeated blast exposures result in structural damage to the peripheral auditory system (PAS) and the central auditory system (CAS). However, it is difficult to differentiate injuries between two distinct pathways: the mechanical damage in the PAS caused by blast pressure waves transmitted through the ear and the damage in the CAS caused by blast wave impacts on the head or traumatic brain injury. This article reports a preliminary study using a 3D printed chinchilla “helmet” as a head protection device associated with the hearing protection devices (e.g., earplugs) to isolate the CAS damage from the PAS injuries under repeated blast exposures. Materials and Methods A finite element (FE) model of the chinchilla helmet was created based on micro-computed tomography images of a chinchilla skull and inputted into ANSYS for FE analysis on the helmet’s protection against blast over pressure. The helmet was then 3D printed and used for animal experiments. Chinchillas were divided into four cases (ears open, with earplug only, with both earplug and helmet, and with helmet only) and exposed to three blasts at blast over pressure of 15 to 20 psi. Hearing function tests (e.g., auditory brainstem response) were performed before and after blast on Day 1 and Days 4 and 7 after blasts. Results The FE model simulation showed a significant reduction in intracranial stress with the helmet, and the animal results indicated that both earplug and helmet reduced the severity of blast-induced auditory injuries by approximately 20 dB but with different mechanisms. Conclusions The biomechanical modeling and animal experiments demonstrated that this four-case study in chinchillas with helmet and hearing protection devices provides a novel methodology to investigate the blast-induced damage in the PAS and CAS.

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Hussein, Assal, Hussam Mahmoud i Paul Heyliger. "Probabilistic analysis of a simple composite blast protection wall system". Engineering Structures 203 (styczeń 2020): 109836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109836.

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EL. Mukhtar, Majdi, i Abdelmonim A. Haroun. "Analysis of Blast Resistant Structure (TNT Storage Case Study)". FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 9, nr 1 (5.10.2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v9i1.639.

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The explosions produce extreme and unique loading on structures and can cause widespread damage to the building’s structural elements. Design of blast resistant structures provides structural integrity and acceptable levels of safety for buildings. The previous studies show that some structural systems could provide substantial increase in protection against blasts. This paper discussed the behavior of TNT loaded storage (a framed reinforced concrete (. the results of calculated pressure Using Reference (UFC)-3-340-02 [1] Equation and investigated that the average peak reflected pressure close to 5000 Psi. CSI-ETABS Software 3D model shows that the structural system of case study unsafe under 0.5 tons of TNT internal weight charge.

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Goel, M. D., N. S. Choudhary i Sandeep Panchal. "Comparative Analysis of Aluminum Alloy 6061-T6 and Mild Steel Tubes in Sacrificial Protection System under Blast Loading". Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, nr 1 (19.12.2022): 1299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.654.

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A sacrificial cladding consist of hollow metal tubes and steel sheet, is proposed in this study to protect a square concrete panel subjected to blast loading. Herein, comparative analysis of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 (Al 6061-T6) and mild steel tubes in sacrificial cladding is done using 3-D non-linear Finite Element (FE) software ABAQUS/Explicit®. Blast load is applied through ConWep program developed by US Army. Simplified Concrete Damage Plasticity (SCDP) model is used to define the material behavior of concrete slabs of thickness 250 mm. Johnson-Cook (J-C) plasticity model is used to model the stress-strain response of Al 6061-T6 and mild steel tubes, reinforcement bars and steel sheet. Diameter (D) and thickness (t) of circular metal hollow tubes are taken from IS1161:1998. Comparative analysis of Al 6061-T6 and mild steel tubes is carried out for blast loading using TNT with scaled distance of 0.425 m/kg1/3. It was observed that mild steel tubes perform better than Al 6061-T6 tubes and save concrete panel from degradation under blast loading.

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Khalifa, Yasser A., Mohamed N. Lotfy i Elsayed Fathallah. "Effectiveness of Sacrificial Shielding for Blast Mitigation of Steel Floating Pontoons". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, nr 1 (4.01.2023): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11010096.

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Floating pontoons have played a supreme and indispensable role in crises and disasters for both civil and military purposes. Floating bridges and ferries are exposed to blast loadings in the case of wars or terrorist attacks. The protection effectiveness of sacrificial cladding subjected to a blast was numerically investigated. In this study, a steel ferry has been simulated and exposed to side explosions with different explosive charges at certain stand-off distances, according to military standards from NATO and American standard TM5. In this simulation, nonlinear three-dimensional hydro-code numerical simulation ANSYS autodyn-3d has been used. The results reported that the ferry could withstand a charge of 5 kg TNT at a stand-off distance of 1 m without failure. The main objective of this research is to achieve a design that would increase the capacity against the blast loading with minimal plastic deformation in the absence of any failure in the ferry. Therefore, an innovative mitigation system has been proposed to dissipate the blast energy of the explosion based on the scientific theory of impedance using sacrificial cladding. The new mitigation system used a specific structural system in order to install the existing pontoon structure without any distraction. The response, elastic deformations, plastic deformations and plastic failure of the ferry were illustrated in this paper. Furthermore, the results revealed that the proposed mitigation system could mitigate more than 50% of the blast waves. The new design revealed promising results, which makes it suitable for mitigating blast waves. Finally, the results were provided with a reference for the preliminary design and application of sacrificial cladding for structural protection against blast waves.

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Ivančo, Matúš, Jovan Trajkovski, Lucia Figuli i Romana Erdélyiová. "Determination of blast resistance of selected structural elements". MATEC Web of Conferences 313 (2020): 00026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031300026.

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At the present time of political and war conflicts between countries, more and more attention is focused on the protection of important structures, being part of critical infrastructure, such as buildings of energy importance, government buildings or military bases. Regardless of the type of industry area, primarily, buildings needed to be protected. For this reason, the paper is focused on the determination of resistance of selected structural elements creating the protection system against the effects of the blast from the explosion, including terrorist attack. The paper has need of analysing the behaviour of structural elements affected by the blast load and setting the structural resistance of elements loaded by such dynamic type of load. The outputs can serve as a basis for the design of an effective plan for the protection of a selected elements of critical infrastructure, which ultimately represents not only the protection of the buildings themselves, but also the affected people presented inside the buildings.

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Mashee, Fouad K. "Estimation the blast wave pressure effecters by apply Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques". Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 15, nr 34 (8.01.2019): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v15i34.124.

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After the year 2003 terrorist attacks knock Baghdad city capital of Iraq using bomb explosion various, shook the nation, and made public resident of Baghdad aware of the need for better ways to protect occupants, assets, and buildings cause the terrorist gangs adopt style burst of blast to injury vulnerability a wider range form, and many structures will suffer damage from air blast when the overpressure concomitant the blast wave, (i.e., the excess over the atmospheric pressure 14.7 pounds per square inch at standard sea level conditions are about one-half pound per square inch or more(to attainment injury. Then, the distance to which this overpressure level will extend depends primarily on the energy yield (§1.20) of the burst of blast. Accordingly, must been have adopted a changing philosophy to provide appropriate and effective protection for preservation of psyche and building occupants, by establishment of a protected perimeter and the design of a debris mitigating facade, the isolation of internal explosive threats that may to dodge detection through the screening stations or may enter the public spaces prior to screening and the protection of the emergency evacuation, rescue and recovery systems. By reason of this above-mentioned, the study simple contribution of determined phenomena risk containment. Moreover, in this study may be applied remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques to estimation the blast wave overpressure of bomb explosive effecters for damage that building of materials (i.e., facade, building glass, secondary of roof, fashioning tools and furniture), and how avoid this problem, therefore, selection justice ministry of Iraq building in Salehyiea region at Baghdad city, it destroyed at 28/10/2009 by motocar bombs explosion.

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Grujicic, M., R. Yavari, J. S. Snipes i S. Ramaswami. "A zeolite absorbent/nano-fluidics protection-based blast- and ballistic-impact-mitigation system". Journal of Materials Science 50, nr 5 (17.12.2014): 2019–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8779-x.

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Khan, Rizwan, Syed Hassan Farooq i Muhammad Usman. "Blast Loading Response of Reinforced Concrete Panels Externally Reinforced with Steel Strips". Infrastructures 4, nr 3 (18.08.2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures4030054.

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Frequent terrorist activities, the use of vehicle bomb blasts and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) have brought forth the task of protection against blasts as a priority issue for engineers. Terrorists mostly target the areas where human and economic losses are significantly higher. It is really challenging to study the effects of blast loading on structures due to numerous variables. For instance, the type of detonation charge, explosive material, placement of charge and standoff distance, etc., are a few of the variables which make the system more complicated. Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) wall panels are commonly used for protecting important installations and buildings. In this research, the response of RCC wall panels has been investigated due to the blast effect caused by two TNT charge weights of 50 kg and 100 kg. These two charge weights have been selected after a detailed study of terrorist activities in the recent past. For this purpose, an existing arrangement at an important military installation, i.e., NESCOM Hospital Islamabad in Pakistan, has been selected. To reduce computational efforts, three RCC wall panels, placed side by side producing a continuous front along with a corresponding boundary and structural wall, have been considered. RCC wall panels are placed at a distance of 3 ft from the perimeter of the boundary wall and 23 ft from the structural wall. The displacement on the front face of RCC wall panels and the structural wall is measured at three levels of top, middle and bottom. ANSYS AUTODYN software has been used to simulate the model. Analysis has been carried out to identify and study the weakness of existing arrangements. Literature was reviewed for suggesting an appropriate strengthening technique for existing structures against blast loading. It was found that in addition to existing strengthening techniques, use of steel strips is amongst the most feasible technique for strengthening existing structures. It not only significantly enhanced the blast performance of structures, but it also significantly reduced z-direction displacements and pressures. The results show that the use of steel strips as the improvement technique for already placed RCC wall panels can be effective against a blast loading of up to 100 kg TNT.

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Bondar, V. S., Y. M. Temis i M. V. Biryukov. "Determination of optimal parameters of damper system for explosion protection of a structure on the basis of foam aluminum". Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 8, nr 4-4 (20.08.2014): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67326.

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The authors considered the use of sandwich packs as protection of a technical object from the explosion. A comparative study of the effect of blast waves of varying intensity on the deformation of the sandwich package was conducted. Optimal characteristics of a sandwich package were founded.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Blast Protection System"

Gaulke, Katherine Marie. "Mitigation systems for confined blast loading - crew protection in armored vehicles". College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9129.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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El-Kadi, Abdul Wahab Mohamed Adel. "Building cladding subject to explosive blast : a study of its resistance and survivability, with particular reference to architectural aspects and multi-panel glazing systems". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265752.

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Części książek na temat "Blast Protection System"

Mitchell, Katherine Blake, Jay McNamara i Kristine Isherwood. "Human Factors Field Evaluation of a Blast Debris Protection Design Concept". W Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 106–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60825-9_13.

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Walilko, Tim J., Ryan D. Lowe, Ted F. Argo, G. Doug Meegan, Nathaniel T. Greene i Daniel J. Tollin. "Experimental Evaluation of Blast Loadings on the Ear and Head with and Without Hearing Protection Devices". W Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials, Volume 6, 101–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41351-8_15.

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Ousji, Hamza, Bachir Belkassem, Lincy Pyl i David Lecompte. "Blast Mitigation Using Crushable Core Systems". W Critical Energy Infrastructure Protection. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nicsp220006.

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Among several blast mitigation methods, the use of lightweight layers, in particular sacrificial cladding, are investigated. The latter consists of a crushable core sandwiched between a front plate and the structure. This paper presents an optimal sacrificial cladding design required to protect a given structural element against a free-air blast loading. The structure property, the fluid-structure interaction and the blast loading are taken into account.

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Trajkovski, Jovan. "Validation of a Numerical Model of Detonation of Buried Charges in Soil". W Monitoring and Protection of Critical Infrastructure by Unmanned Systems. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nicsp230014.

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Critical infrastructure, military or civil equipment, buildings, and Light Armored Vehicles (LAV) can be exposed to blast and ballistic loading during their lifetime. Such loads can cause large deformations and stresses within a very short period of time. For that purpose, it is necessary to examine and improve their response to these high-intensity and short-term loads. The analytical approaches are complex, the performance of large-scale experimental tests is extremely expensive since it involves a number of experts, special legal permits, and safety requirements which makes numerical analysis the most valuable examination tool. On the other side, a precise numerical analysis requires precise material properties, to describe the material behavior under various conditions. Before analyzing the response of structures under blast loads, the numerical model should be carefully validated first. This paper presents the validation results of the numerical model of small-scale explosion tests of charges laid on the ground or buried in the soil. The numerical results for time of arrival, maximum pressure, and specific impulse are compared with the experimental results showing a good correlation. The influence of depth of burial (DoB) on blast wave development and soil ejecta formation and loading parameters is investigated in detail.

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Bedon, Chiara. "Modelling the Blast Response of Assembled/Composite Ordinary Glass Windows". W Monitoring and Protection of Critical Infrastructure by Unmanned Systems. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nicsp230012.

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Finite Element (FE) numerical methods are particularly helpful in civil engineering applications, to assess the load-bearing capacity of existing or novel elements and systems. When applied to relatively simple glass windows, major challenges could arise from mechanical characterization and interaction of basic components of assembled systems, with a critical role in damage and failure detection under design actions. This is especially the case of extreme events like impact and explosions, where a multitude of aspects should be properly taken into account. This paper elaborates on some major issues and expected outcomes from FE numerical analyses carried out on composite ordinary windows, such as triple glass unit (TGU) windows, when exposed to blast loads, with evidence of possible numerical methods and damage/failure detection approaches, as well as critical performance indicators for response analysis.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Blast Protection System"

Kulkarni, S. G., X. L. Gao, N. V. David, S. E. Horner i J. Q. Zheng. "Ballistic Helmets: Their Design, Materials, and Performance Against Traumatic Brain Injury". W ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86340.

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Protecting a soldier’s head from injury is critical to function and survivability. Traditionally, combat helmets have been utilized to provide protection against shrapnel and ballistic threats, which have reduced head injuries and fatalities. However, home-made bombs or improvised explosive devices (IEDs) have been increasingly used in theatre of operations since the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly blast-induced TBI, which is typically not accompanied by external body injuries, is becoming increasingly prevalent among injured soldiers. The response of personal protective equipment, especially combat helmets, to blast events is relatively unknown. There is an urgent need to develop head protection systems with blast protection/ mitigation capabilities in addition to ballistic protection. Modern military operations, ammunitions, and technology driven war tactics require a lightweight headgear that integrates protection mechanisms (against ballistics, blasts, heat, and noise), sensors, night vision devices, and laser range finders into a single system. The current paper provides a comparative study on the design, materials, ballistic and blast performance of the combat helmets used by the U.S. Army based on a comprehensive and critical review of existing studies. Mechanisms of ballistic energy absorption, effects of helmet curvatures on ballistic performance, and performance measures of helmets are discussed. Properties of current helmet materials (including Kevlar® K29 and K129 fibers, and thermoset resins) and future candidate materials for helmets (such as nano-composites, thermoplastic polymers, and carbon fibers) are elaborated. Also, experimental and computational studies on blast-induced TBI are examined, and constitutive models developed for brain tissues are reviewed. Finally, the effectiveness of current combat helmets against TBI is analyzed along with possible avenues for future research.

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Stanisławek, Sebastian, i Grzegorz Sławiński. "Numerical study of an IED blast protection system". W COMPUTATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ENGINEERING (TKI’2018): Proceedings of the 15th Conference on Computational Technologies in Engineering. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5092007.

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Wierschem, Nicholas E., Sean A. Hubbard, Jie Luo, Larry A. Fahnestock, B. F. Spencer, D. Dane Quinn, D. Michael McFarland, Alexander F. Vakakis i Lawrence A. Bergman. "Experimental Blast Testing of a Large 9-Story Structure Equipped With a System of Nonlinear Energy Sinks". W ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13327.

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In recent years the protection of structures from blasts has gained widespread attention with most of the effort on this subject focused on mitigating the local effects of the blast. With improved local protection, controlling the global response of structures subjected to impulsive types of loads is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, the passive mitigation of a structure’s global response is examined through experimental blast tests of a large scale, 9-story structure equipped with a system of NESs. The system of NESs studied in this paper include two different types of devices, each of which employing a different type of restoring force; one type utilizes a smooth restoring force that is approximately cubic, while the other employs a linear restoring force coupled with one-sided vibro-impacts. The results of this study show that the passive NESs examined were capable of rapidly reducing the global response of the structure due to the blast loading. Additionally, the benefits of this passive system were demonstrated by its ability to reduce the peak demand on the structural system.

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Marjanishvili, S., i Mikheil Chikhradze. "Wireless System for the Detection and Mitigation of Explosions in Tunnels". W IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0087.

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Physical security challenges from explosions are amplified in confined spaces. The air-blast shock waves reflect and propagate throughout the confined space. This paper describes the process of designing, constructing, and validating a wireless system for identification of explosions in real time. Protection of critical infrastructure requires the creation of a reliable system which provides quick and accurate identification of the hazards and subsequent transmission of the alarm signal to response and rescue services. The proposed wireless system consists of transmitter and receiver modules spaced throughout the tunnel. The transmitter module contains sensors and a microprocessor equipped with blast identification software. The receiver module produces an alarm signal and activation signal for the operation of protecting devices. The experimental validation has been carried out at the underground experimental base of G. Tsulukidze Mining Institute, Tbilisi, Georgia. The results of the testing validated the main characteristics of the system, notably:No false signals were generated during the series of 20 experimentsAfter a blast event, the duration for analyzing the potential threat is 2.4 msec and the duration for activating the protection device is 11 msecThe reliable transmission distance is 150 m (492 ft) in a straight tunnel and 50 m (164 ft) in a tunnel with a 90° bend.

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Qi, Chang, Zheng-Dong Ma, Noboru Kikuchi i Basavaraju Raju. "Blast Protection Design of a Military Vehicle System Using a Magic Cube Approach". W SAE World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-0773.

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Tan, X. Gary, i Amit Bagchi. "Computational Analysis for Validation of Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury and Protection of Combat Helmet". W ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87689.

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Current understanding of blast wave transmission and mechanism of primary traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the role of helmet is incomplete thus limiting the development of protection and therapeutic measures. Combat helmets are usually designed based on costly and time consuming laboratory tests, firing range, and forensic data. Until now advanced medical imaging and computational modeling tools have not been adequately utilized in the design and optimization of combat helmets. The goal of this work is to develop high fidelity computational tools, representative virtual human head and combat helmet models that could help in the design of next generation helmets with improved blast and ballistic protection. We explore different helmet configurations to investigate blast induced brain biomechanics and understand the protection role of helmet by utilizing an integrated experimental and computational method. By employing the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian fluid structure interaction (FSI) approach we solved the dynamic problem of helmet and head under the blast exposure. Experimental shock tube tests of the head surrogate provide benchmark quality data and were used for the validation of computational models. The full-scale computational NRL head-neck model with a combat helmet provides physical quantities such as acceleration, pressure, strain, and energy to blast loads thus provides a more complete understanding of the conditions that may contribute to TBI. This paper discusses possible pathways of blast energy transmission to the brain and the effectiveness of helmet systems at blast loads. The existing high-fidelity image-based finite element (FE) head model was applied to investigate the influence of helmet configuration, suspension pads, and shell material stiffness. The two-phase flow model was developed to simulate the helium-air shock wave interaction with the helmeted head in the shock tube. The main contribution was the elucidation of blast wave brain injury pathways, including wave focusing in ocular cavities and the back of head under the helmet, the effect of neck, and the frequency spectrum entering the brain through the helmet and head. The suspension material was seen to significantly affect the ICP results and energy transmission. These findings can be used to design next generation helmets including helmet shape, suspension system, and eye protection.

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Thakkar, Nishant. "Blast-Resistant Ballistic Materials". W ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-97137.

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Abstract Several bomb explosion assaults against military personnel, police officers, and public and civil structures have occurred in recent years, resulting in a significant loss. As a result, society requires increased protection and defense for current constructions from loads of oblasts. In the middle of the many options, retrofitting reinforced concrete and masonry structures with numerous forms and types of materials of composite and fiber is an excellent way to improve resistance to the blast. This paper provides a recent review of extant works & papers on polymers, composite & fibrous materials used for elements of structure defense from the blast, as well as a list of research gaps that need to be filled. Various innovative materials such as polymers, nanomaterials, composite materials, as well as fibrous materials are taken into consideration while writing this review paper. Composite materials have been employed in the blast and ballistic impact applications and are regarded as effective materials for absorbing blast energy. The stitching boosted the composite’s Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness, resulting in increased damage resistance. The basic composite system tested is carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite skins on a styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) polymer closed-cell foam core. In a comparable sandwich structure, glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite skins were also incorporated for comparison.

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Benz, V., J. Lorenzo, R. Pyles, R. Rumer i K. Wiecking. "A new blast-mitigation solution for building facade protection with a laminated polycarbonate based system". W SAFE 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/safe130321.

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Aviram, A., C. O'Laughlin, R. L. Mayes, R. O. Hamburger i J. Nielsen. "Development of an Innovative Load-Bearing Steel Stud Wall System for Blast Protection of Building Envelopes". W Structures Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413357.192.

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Rapo, Mark A., Tim Baumer, Philemon C. Chan i James F. MacKiewicz. "Reducing the Effects of Blast to the Head Through Load Partitioning". W ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63257.

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Warfighters who survive encounters with improvised explosive devices (IEDs) may incur mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) due to blast overpressure effects. Since existing head injury criteria are mostly based on head kinematics, head acceleration is one key metric to be measured. A blast wave travels at supersonic speed with a very sharp peak overpressure rise followed by a rapid decay within a short duration. For the surface area that is covered by the helmet, the cushion/suspension subsystem is responsible for mitigating the blast effects on the head, while the exposed area of the head or face would receive a direct blast loading. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations of a blast on an upright warfighter show a significant reduction in peak force to the head when a helmet is worn. For a helmet with an attached eye-shield, the load to the head from a front blast can be reduced further. A field study was conducted to verify that the increased load partitioned away from face and to the helmet and cushioning system would result in decreased head acceleration. Blast field tests were conducted using 4 lbs. of cylindrical C4 charges at 92″ standoff. Head acceleration was measured using combinations of a free hanging mid-size standard ISO headform fitted with Team Wendy (TW) pads, an advanced combat helmet (ACH), and an eye-shield. Tests were performed with the blast hitting the front, side and back of the helmeted headform system. Headform accelerations ranging from 120–465g were recorded based on blast direction and the amount of head protection. To validate the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes’ based CFD simulations, a custom-designed blast overpressure bust (BOB) containing 22 surface pressure sensors was mounted on top of the BTD to measure the pressure distribution over the head and face when exposed to a blast. The incident overpressure of the blast was 0.25MPa, with reflected pressures reaching 1.0MPa.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Blast Protection System"

Nebuda, D. T. Protection against malevolent use of vehicles at nuclear power plants: Vehicle barrier system siting guidance for blast protection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), grudzień 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10102655.

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Nebuda, D. T. Protection against malevolent use of vehicles at Nuclear Power Plants. Vehicle barrier system siting guidance for blast protection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10181517.

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Long, Joseph B. Kelvar Vest Protection Against Blast Overpressure Brain Injury: Systemic Contributions to Injury Etiology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maj 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612001.

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Long, Joseph B. Kevlar Vest Protection Against Blast Overpressure Brain Injury: Systemic Contributions to Injury Etiology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maj 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada506328.

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Long, Joseph B. Kevlar Vest Protection Against Blast Over Pressure Brain Injury: Systemic Contributions to Injury Etiology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maj 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada570689.

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