Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Blacks – violence against

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Blacks – violence against”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 26 lipca 2024
Data aktualizacji: 27 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Blacks – violence against"

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Da Costa Silva, Khalil, Andreza Silene Silva Ferreira, Cleonice Camino i Ana Raquel Rosas Torres. "Moral Judgment and the Perceived Legitimacy of Police Violence against Black People". Revista de Psicología 42, nr 2 (4.07.2024): 975–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/psico.202402.011.

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This work analyzes the relationship between moral judgment and racial discrimination in Brazil, operationalized as the perception of legitimacy regarding the use of police violence against Blacks. Study 1 (N = 123) found that racial prejudice predicts the legitimacy of police violence against Blacks and this relationship was moderated by moral judgment. Study 2 (N = 71) identified that police violence against a Black suspect was perceived as more legitimate when compared to a White one. Study 3 (N = 129) found that conventional morality increased the differences between Black and White in legitimacy of police violence, whereas post-conventional morality reduces this difference. In conclusion, the interaction between moral judgment and prejudice explains the racial discrimination in Brazil.
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Beck, E. M., i Stewart E. Tolnay. "A Season for violence". International Review of Social History 37, nr 1 (kwiecień 1992): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000110910.

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SummaryIn this paper we explore the hypothesis that monthly variation in white mob violence against blacks in the American South was affected by seasonal variation in the demand for labor in southern agriculture. Using monthly data on black lynchings that occurred between 1882 and 1930 we find that mob violence was more frequent during times of stronger labor demand than during slack periods. While the manifest function of lynchings might well have been to rid the white community of offending blacks who violated the moral order, we suggest that the latent function was to tighten the reins of control over the black population, especially during times when whites most needed black labor to work fields of cotton or tobacco.
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Anderson, James F., Tazinski P. Lee, Adam H. Langsam i Kelley Reinsmith-Jones. "Police Violence Against Black Protesters: A Public Health Issue". International Journal of Social Science Studies 10, nr 2 (21.01.2022): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v10i2.5456.

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With the increased number of documented cases of violence perpetrated by police against protesters of the Black Lives Matter movement, public health officials are starting to list police violence as a health risk or a public health issue for black Americans. Using several timely theoretical explanations, we explore reasons why law enforcement officers routinely inflict violence against black protesters and avoid criminal stigma. Although police use of excessive force and untimely killings of blacks have always been criminal justice issues, the number of negative health consequences that are emerging after violent police confrontations implicates public health concerns. We argue that several strategies can be used to reduce police violence in the future.
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Inst. Iman Mahdy. "Violence as a Safeguard against Hostility: Black Mother-to-Son Parenting in Richard Wright’s Black Boy". Journal of the College of Basic Education 23, nr 98 (26.12.2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35950/cbej.v23i98.8640.

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Richard Wright (1908- 1960), an African American author, has grown up in the American South at a time when the American society has witnessed deep division, for together with the Whites vs. Blacks conflict there has been The Blacks vs. Blacks tension likewise, and violence has formed the dominant behavior between the conflicting groups. Wright’s autobiographical novel, Black Boy, shows how he has been reared by a mother who believes that violence is the only effective strategy to protect her son from their violent environment. The misery and hardships the mother, Ella Wright, has undergone in her larger society as well as with her family and separated husband, have led her to adopt this strategy. She uses violence to teach her son the priority of family, religion, and beyond everything else she teaches him violence itself as a means of self-protection. Albeit this strategy affects the mother-son relationship negatively on the part of the son at the beginning, the son’s intellectual maturity minimizes its significance, and he gradually starts to generate sympathy and show deep understanding towards his mother. The article discusses Wright’s mother use of violence as a method for bringing up her son, Richard Wright in his autobiography, Black Boy. It also examines the impact of this method upon Richard’s relationship with his mother and how he perceives her maternal role. Finally, the conclusion sums up the main findings of the article.
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McKay, Patrick F. "Winning and losing at the same time". Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 39, nr 7 (9.07.2020): 761–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-06-2020-0153.

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PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to summarize the author’s negative experiences with police. The author seeks to enlighten readers to the differential experiences of blacks and whites in police interactions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is an essay that details the author’s negative experiences with police, while living in a mid-sized Midwestern city.Research limitations/implicationsThe key research implication of the paper is that whites and blacks often have qualitatively different experiences with the police in local communities. While black professionals may be experiencing professional success at work, they may also grapple with racial slights and harassment that undermine their overall physical and psychological wellbeing.Practical implicationsPractically, this paper highlights the needs for police departments to train police on unconscious biases that lead to potential violence against black people. Prospective police officers should be screened on their racial attitudes and ideology to ensure they are equipped to police a broad array of citizens.Social implicationsSocially, the paper underscores the unique experiences of black people with police compared to their white counterparts. To reduce cultural mistrust among blacks against whites, the latter must show empathy and understanding when blacks report instances of racial harassment and mistreatment. Also, whites who witness racial harassment perpetrated by their families, friends, and people in general, should speak out against such practices.Originality/valueThe author thinks the paper is original in that it chronicles his unique, negative experiences with police as a black man in America. The author provides a theoretical background to understand the recent uptick in police violence against blacks and provide helpful tips for moving forward to improve intergroup relations.
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Threadcraft, Shatema. "Making Black Femicide Visible". Philosophical Topics 49, nr 1 (2021): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics20214913.

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Black women struggle to make the violence they experience visible for at least four reasons: the violence occurs in private, not in public; it is associated with sex, sexuality and intimacy; the violence is not amplified within the public and counterpublic spheres; and, finally and importantly, activists have not been as successful in constructing resonate narratives regarding the violence. Contemporary violence against black men, for example, is often understood through the lens of lynching, a phenomenon that earlier activists were able to link to the biblical crucifixion. The activists’ work ensured that lynching holds an important place in the story of black peoplehood; it helped to make blacks as a political people and has been crucial to black understandings of who we are and why we are here. Social visibility requires that black women tell stories that not only build social movements; they must also tell stories that help to build people.
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Garraio, Júlia. "Framing Sexual Violence in Portuguese Colonialism: On Some Practices of Contemporary Cultural Representation and Remembrance". Violence Against Women 25, nr 13 (10.09.2019): 1558–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801219869547.

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This essay examines two Portuguese novels about colonialism and its legacies: António Lobo Antunes’s Fado Alexandrino (1983) and Aida Gomes’s Os Pretos de Pousaflores ( The Blacks from Pousaflores) (2011). Fado Alexandrino perpetuates the use of Black women’s raped bodies as a plot device to represent colonial violence, while Gomes’s narrative empowers racialized victims of sexual abuse and challenges dominant public memories of the Colonial War. A close reading of these novels, contextualized against the background of scholarly debates about the representation of sexual violence, exposes both the perils and potential of cultural works to preserve the memory of rape in armed conflict.
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Johnson, James D., Len Lecci i John Dovidio. "Black Intragroup Empathic Responding to Police Interracial Violence: Effects of Victim Stereotypicality and Blacks’ Racial Identification". Social Psychological and Personality Science 11, nr 5 (11.07.2019): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619859316.

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Despite the public outrage in response to police violence against unarmed Black men, work on the psychological dynamics of reactions to these incidents is relatively rare. The present research examined whether empathy for a Black male victim of White police interracial violence would vary as a function of victim stereotypicality (stereotypic/counterstereotypic) and Black participant racial identity. In Study 1, 140 Black participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). As hypothesized, Black participants low in racial identification reported less empathy for the stereotypical relative to the counterstereotypical victim. Those high in racial identification showed relatively high levels of empathy regardless of the characteristics of the Black victim. Study 2 replicated these effects with 263 Black MTurk participants. This research highlights the value of considering individual differences in the Black observers (racial identification) and the characteristics of Black victims to better understand the psychological processes involved in intragroup responses to police violence.
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Toh, Ernest Muchu. "African Immigrant and the Struggle against Class, Racism and Xenophobic Consequences in Post-Apartheid South Africa". International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, nr 7 (26.08.2020): 1460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jul837.

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This paper brings to understanding the effects of class and racism which are manifested in xenophobic attacks against foreign blacks in South Africa. Xenophobic attacks have been persistent in the country for over the last two decade. It has amongst other things slowed the economy, particularly affected the country’s relations with the African continent and tainted the image of South Africa to the entire world. These attacks turn the livelihood of Africans immigrants into a daily struggle to adapt, survive, integrate themselves and contributes to the development of the country. The article seeks to unveil the reasons South African blacks behave the way they do against their fellow Black African counterparts despite the call for African unity and solidarity also known as ‘Ubuntu’. From the findings, it demonstrates that the act of xenophobia is a manifestation of effect of mindset influenced by the apartheid policy, which was based on hatred, class, race, and violence.
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Vandal, G. ""Bloody Caddo": White Violence Against Blacks in a Louisiana Parish, 1865-1876". Journal of Social History 25, nr 2 (1.12.1991): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh/25.2.373.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Blacks – violence against"

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Forslund, Eva. "Did Segregation Reduce Lethal Violence Against Southern Blacks? : A Generalized Difference-in-Differences Approach to Understand Lynchings and Executions in the US South". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415283.

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Up until the mid 1860s, an overwhelming majority of blacks in the US South were held in chattel slavery, from which they were freed after a Civil War (1861-1865). A recurring argument in institutional economics is that the institution of slavery did not disappear, but took other forms, e.g. segregation and violence. This is explored here, looking at the unsettling level of lethal violence against the black population 1875-1930. Literature empirically testing the legacy of slavery is hitherto scarce. I use a generalized difference-in-differences model to look at the effect of separate coach laws and disenfranchisement laws on lynchings and executions, respectively. All estimations are separated between blacks and non-blacks. I find precise and negative effects of disenfranchisement on executions of blacks and precise and positive effects of separate coach laws on executions of blacks. The same pattern holds true for lynchings of blacks, but only the estimate for separate coach laws is precise. No estimates are precise for lethal violence against non-blacks. This study lends support to the idea that lethal violence was used as an instrument to control the African American population.
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Ross, Avina. "Black feminist discourse analysis of portrayals of gender violence against Black women: A social work dissertation". VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4578.

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This study explored media discourse of gender violence against Black women in Black contemporary films. Four Tyler Perry films were examined using a novel, qualitative and analytical framework: Black Feminist Discourse Analysis. Discourses that were studied include, but were not limited to: portrayals of gender violence and victims, character dispositions and interactions, stereotypes, relationship dynamics as well as portrayals of race, gender, sexuality and religion. The use of new and existing controlling images based on systems of race, gender, sexuality and religion were revealed in a transitional and systemic model. Common themes across the films are provided. This research closes with concluding assertions grounded by existing literature and the current study’s findings, as well as recommendations for future film writing and production and implications for social work.
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Wood, Kayla M. "Media Ethics and Violence Against the Transgender Community: An Exploration of Ethically Covering Homicides of Black Transgender Women". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors155622553403116.

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Jeremiah, Rohan Dexter. "Interrogating Grenadian Masculinities and Violence Against Women: An Evaluation of the United Nations Partnership for Peace Program". Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4090.

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This applied anthropology study, guided by a feminist perspective and in particular, Black Feminist Thought is an outgrowth of an evaluation study of the Partnership for Peace Program (PFP) in Grenada, West Indies. The PFP is a Caribbean-specific model that was built into a sixteen-week cycle program by the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women (UNWomen). Since 2005, the PFP has been geared towards Grenadian men, who have used violence against women to express their masculine identities. PFP focuses exclusively on rehabilitating male perpetrators with a goal to protect the human rights of women. This research evaluated the PFP program, using qualitative and quantitative methods to measure the program's impact based on the behavioral changes that male participants adopted to avoid violence against women. Furthermore, this study investigated the relationship between masculine identities and domestic violence, exploring the significance of violence actions as markers of Grenadian masculinities. The findings presented show the impact of the PFP on the lives of PFP men, the women associated with the PFP men and the PFP stakeholders. The results illustrate the socio-ecological nature of violence and the power leverages that enact gendered messages for Grenadian men and women. Those entities were used to establish some theoretical understandings about Caribbean Violence.
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Ngqela, Nozuko. "Exploring learners' experiences of violence in a township high school". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5165.

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Thesis (MEdPsych))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: School violence is a reality in South African township schools contaminating the school environment and jeopardizing the educational process. The aim of this study is to explore adolescent learners' experience of school violence in township high schools in order to develop and recommend a school prevention intervention programme/strategy. The study is explained in the theoretical framework of the bio-ecosystemic theory where violence is discussed as a reaction and as an action that occurs through reciprocal interaction between systems and the social environment. Through this interaction, adolescent learners are exposed to individual, family, school and community risk factors which place them at risk. Literature shows that schools in the township are sites of widespread violence; and these impacts on learners‟ emotional well-being. School violence also reflects the relationship that exists between what occurs in schools and what happens in learners' homes and communities. The specific design selected for this study is a case study and is qualitative and explorative in nature. Unstructured interviews were conducted with individual learners and focus groups to gather information regarding adolescents' experiences of school violence. The data was analysed with three main themes emerging during the participants' interviews. The findings revealed that a significant number of adolescent learners in the township school have experienced some form of gender-related violence at school, and that boys are more often the perpetrators of this school violence. The findings further showed that lack of safety and class management is another cause of violence and the violent activities within the school are a symptom of the social ills of the community within which the school is situated. Conclusions drawn from the study are that school violence is a multifaceted phenomenon and, based on these findings, it is recommended that a 'whole school' and an integrated approach be taken when dealing with violence in schools.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Toenemende geweld in skole in Suid-Afrikaanse townships bederf die skoolomgewing en belemmer die opvoedkundige proses. Die doel van hierdie studie is om leerders se ervarings van geweld in hoërskole in townships te verken, ten einde 'n voorkomingsprogram/-strategie vir skole te ontwikkel en aan te beveel. Die studie gebruik die teoretiese raamwerk van die bio-ekosistemiese teorie waarbinne geweld bespreek word as 'n aksie en 'n reaksie wat plaasvind deur wedersydse interaksie tussen die sisteme en die sosiale omgewing. Hierdie interaksie kan adolessente leerders aan individuele, gesinsverwante, skool- en gemeenskapsrisikofaktore blootstel. Die studie wys dat skole in townships die ligging is van wydverspreide geweld wat 'n uitwerking het op leerders se akademiese prestasie. Dit wys ook dat geweld in skole 'n weerspieëling is van die verhouding wat bestaan tussen gebeure in die skool en gebeure in die leerders se huise en gemeenskappe. Die navorsingsontwerp vir hierdie studie is dié van 'n gevallestudie. Dit is kwalitatief en verkennend van aard. Ongestruktureerde onderhoude is met leerders en fokusgroepe gevoer om inligting rakende hulle ervarings van geweld in skole in te win. Die data is ontleed na aanleiding van drie temas wat tydens die onderhoude na vore gekom het. Die bevindinge het gewys dat 'n noemenswaardige aantal adolessente leerders in townshipskole een of ander vorm van geweld ervaar het, en dat seuns gewoonlik die aanrigters van die geweld is. Die studie het voorts gevind dat akademiese prestasie ernstig beïnvloed word deur geweld wat binne en buite die skoolgronde plaasvind, en ook dat geweld binne die skole 'n simptoom is van die sosiale euwels van die gemeenskap waarbinne die skole geleë is. Die studie se gevolgtrekking is dat geweld in skole 'n veelvlakkige fenomeen is. Die aanbeveling wat op hierdie gevolgtrekking berus is dat 'n "heel skool" geïntegreerde benadering gevolg moet word wanneer daar met geweld in skole gewerk word.
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Kubeka, Alvina Makhosazana. "Violence in the home and in intimate relationships : a qualitative exploration of black teenagers' experience and views". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53714.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Domestic violence in South Africa is increasingly becoming a major social problem. Domestic violence disrupts family life and the functioning of family members. However, domestic violence is still narrowly defined and viewed as affecting women who are usually the victims/survivors of such violence. The impact of domestic violence on children is largely underestimated and ignored. Most research and intervention programmes have focused on the problem as it affects women thus treating the impact of violence on children as of secondary importance. The aim of this study is to examine domestic violence from the perspective of black teenagers who either witness or experience such violence themselves. In an attempt to understand and make sense of Black teenagers' experiences and views of violence in their homes and intimate relationships, insights from different theoretical perspectives are used. These are Trauma theory, Social learning theory and the Funnel of Violence theory. Using a qualitative methodology, the study explores black teenagers experiences of domestic violence in their home of origin and their perceptions of violence in intimate relationships. Focus group interviews were conducted with 22 black male and female teenagers between the ages of 14 and 21 to obtain data. The study was conducted in Kayamandi, a township situated in the Stellenbosch area. The findings revealed that the teenagers have been exposed to constant conflict between their parents, the causes of which include alcohol abuse and infidelity. The exposure to violence at home has been traumatic and has affected teenagers on an emotional, psychological and sometimes physical level. The conflict at home has also affected their ability to cope and adopt in their social and school environment. Some have also been direct victims of violence since they have suffered abuse at the hands of both their parents. As a result, their relationship with their parents has been strained. In addition, they seem to have adopted distorted views on how to deal with problems within relationships. They tend to view violence as a means to resolve conflict in intimate relationships and some of these teenagers have come to believe that violence is acceptable since it is an indication of love. They also believe that violent behaviour is a consequence of provocation and is carried out unwittingly to punish and discipline the victim. In most cases the victims of violence are women.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gesinsgeweld word toenemend as 'n sosiale probleem binne die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing geïdentifiseer. Gesinsgeweld word gesien as dat dit die gesinslewe en die gesonde funksionering van gesinslede ontwrig. Gesinsgeweld word egter grootliks gedefinieer as dat dit slegs volwasse vroue affekteer. Die impak van gesinsgeweld op kinders word grootliks onderskat en selfs geïgnoreer. Navorsing oor gesinsgeweld en intervensieprogramme is dus hoofsaaklik gerig op die impak daarvan op vroue as slagoffers. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die impak van gesinsgeweld op kinders in die gesin te ondersoek. Ten einde swart tienderjariges se blootstelling aan gesinsgeweld en die wyse waarop hulle geweld binne intieme verhoudings konseptualiseer te interpreteer, is insigte uit verskillende teoretiese perspektiewe aangewend. Die belangrikste perspektiewe is Trauma teorie, Sosiale Leerteorie en die sg. 'Funnel of violence' teorie. Die studie is kwalitatief van aard en eksploreer swart tienderjariges se sienings van geweld binne hul gesin van oorsprong asook hul siening van die rol van geweld binne intieme verhoudings. Fokusgroeponderhoude is gevoer met 22 swart manlike en vroulike tienderjariges tussen die ouderdom van 14 en 21 jaar woonagtig in Kayamandi, Stellenbosch. Van die belangrikste bevindings is dat swart tienderjariges alkoholmisbruik en huweliksontrouheid as die belangrikste aanleidende oorsake van geweld in die gesin identifiseer. Tienderjariges ervaar gesinsgeweld as traumaties en geweld beïnvloed hulle op emosionele en sielkundige vlak. Blootstelling aan geweld het ook 'n invloed op hul vermoë om suksesvol binne hul sosiale- en skoolomgewing te funksioneer. Terwyl die meeste deelnemers nie self slagoffers van gesinsgeweld was nie, was enkeles wel. Dit het stremming tussen ouers en kinders tot gevolg gehad. Blootstelling aan geweld beïnvloed tienderjariges se vermoë om konflik binne intieme verhoudings suksesvol te hanteer. Sommige definieer geweld as 'n indikator van liefde. Sommige interpreteer geweld as grootliks onbedoeld en 'n wyse om 'n persoon (gewoonlik 'n vrou) te straf en te dissiplineer. In die meeste situasies is vroue die slagoffers van geweld.
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Mesatywa, Nontando Jennifer. "The perceptions and experiences of African women in violent partner relationships : an exploratory study". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1491.

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Thesis (DPhil (Social Work))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This is an exploratory study on the perceptions and experiences of African women in violent partner relationships. The study was conducted in two phases at Ilitha Community Psychological Centre at Ezibeleni Township near Queenstown. Since this is a qualitative exploratory study, in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of twenty women. In addition a focus group interview was also conducted with five women from the same site in order to gain a better insight into the phenomenon of violence in partner relationships. A literature review that focused on the existing literature concerning African women in violent partner relationships was conducted. African women’s perspectives on the experiences of abuse were explored, a gender perspective based on radical feminist views was discussed and ethnicsensitive empowerment needs and the role of the social service practitioners were investigated. The findings suggest that many African women experience violence in partner relationships. They sustain physical, emotional and economic abuse. A patriarchal system, alcohol abuse, infidelity and failure to support the children financially have been cited as some of the reasons for abuse. Formal and informal social networks assisted these women to some extent. However, there is need for an ethnic-sensitive interdisciplinary training approach and a legal system that is accessible to rural women to prevent further battery. Various recommendations have been postulated. The study indicated a need for ethnic-sensitive empowerment programmes for the abused women, rehabilitative programmes for these women and for the abusers, and an effective legal system to curb violence in partner relationships.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie, wat verkennend van aard is, handel oor die persepsies en ervaringe van Afrikavroue wat binne gewelddadige saamwoonverhoudings verkeer. Die studie is in twee fases by die Ilitha Community Psychological Centre en die Ezibeleniwoonbuurt naby Queenstown onderneem. Aangesien dit ’n kwalitatief-verkennende studie is, is diepgaande onderhoude met ’n eksperimentele groep van twintig vroue gevoer. Hierbenewens is fokusgroeponderhoude ook met vyf vroue van dieselfde buurt gevoer ten einde beter insig te verkry van die fenomeen van geweld binne saamwoonverhoudings. ’n Studie van relevante literatuur wat op bestaande literatuur ten opsigte van Afrika-vroue in gewelddadige saamwoonverhoudings betrekking het, is onderneem. Die perspektiewe van Afrika-vroue oor die wyse waarop hulle mishandeling ervaar, is verken. ’n Geslagsgebaseerde perspektief gebaseer op feministiese beskouinge is onderling bespreek en die behoefte aan etniessensitiewe bemagtigingsbehoeftes asook die rol van sosiale diensleweringspraktisyns het aandag geniet. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat ‘n groot aantal Afrika-vroue geweld binne saamwoonverhoudings ervaar. Hulle ondervind fisieke, emosionele en ekonomiese mishandeling. ’n Patriargale stelsel, alkoholmisbruik, ontrouheid, en gebrek aan geldelike versorging van die kinders binne die gesin, is genoem as sommige van die redes vir die mishandeling. Formele en informele netwerke het hierdie vroue in ’n sekere mate bygestaan. Daar bestaan egter ’n behoefte aan ’n etnies-sensitiewe interdissiplinêre opleidingsbenadering asook ’n regstelsel wat toeganklik is vir landelike vroue om verdere mishandeling te voorkom. Verskeie aanbevelings is gepostuleer. Die studie het aangetoon dat daar ’n behoefte bestaan aan etnies-sensitiewe bemagtigingsprogramme vir mishandelde vroue, rehabilitasieprogramme vir sodanige vroue asook vir diegene wat hulle mishandel, en ’n effektiewe regstelsel om geweld binne saamwoonverhoudings aan bande te lê.
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Lombard, Felicia. "Policies and programmes to reduce xenophobic violence against black African foreign nationals in South Africa : a case study of the City of Cape Town’s metro police and business areas management : 2008-2013". University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4882.

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Streszczenie:
Masters in Public Administration - MPA
South Africa continues to experience unprecedented levels of violence against foreign African nationals, to be more specific, black African foreign nationals in poor communities but also in cities. Local Government has become a major role-player in the functioning of South Africa’s democracy and in managing local conflicts. In light of this, this research-based mini-thesis explores the policies and programmes used in the City of Cape Town Municipality to reduce xenophobic violence against black African foreign nationals in the city. I acknowledge the importance of understanding the historical background of racial conflict in South Africa, and briefly look at whether this attributes to current conflict against black foreign nationals by evaluating competing theories of xenophobic violence. Whilst South Africans found refuge in neighbouring countries during the apartheid era, recent migration patterns reveals a reverse of this trend as the upper regions of the continent suffer war and famine and nationals of those countries seek refuge in South Africa. The Alien Control Act of 1991 strengthened South Africa’s national borders and made it difficult for foreigners to enter the country without the needed ocumentation. However, South Africa’s transition from an apartheid state to a democracy brought with it a number of changes, including an increase in the number of migrants who was previously not allowed to enter the country. One of the major concerns for government has been the issue of distinguishing between those who are in the country legally and those who are in the country illegally. In this mini-thesis, I draw a clear distinction between the different categories of foreigners in South Africa. Xenophobia broke into public view in May 2008 when black South Africans living in townships that suffer poor living conditions and high levels of crime, violently attacked black African foreign nationals working and living among them. The scale of the attacks led to the mass displacement of black African foreigners as they sought protection in refugee camps set up by the state as well as other organizations. Black African foreigners were severely assaulted in the violence. Some were burned while others suffered the looting of their belongings. Local government has an important role to play in the functioning of democracy in South Africa. I am of the view that the policies and programmes employed at local government level would significantly reduce the incidences of xenophobic violence experienced in South African communities, since local government has easier access to communities and people at grassroots level. Xenophobia is not a peculiarly South African problem, and many local governments around the world have used various methods of addressing this. While insights into their methods would be helpful; the focus of this thesis is on South Africa and more specifically the City of Cape Town. In this mini-thesis, I thus investigate the policies and programmes employed by the City of Cape Town municipality in reducing xenophobic violence against black foreign nationals.
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(8803466), Crystal J. Thornhill. "Understanding the Attitudes Towards Reporting Sexual Violence Against Black Women". Thesis, 2020.

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Black women appear to be less likely than other groups to report sexual violence (Catalano et al., 2009). There are a number of factors that may potentially impact Black women’s reporting sexual violence, such as fear of shame or rejection from religious congregations or social groups, fear of police officers, and a history of violence amongst family members that may normalize sexual violence to the level of not reporting (Truman & Morgan, 2016). This study examined the connection between the strong Black women’s ideal, trust of law enforcement, and Black identity on Black women’s attitudes towards reporting sexual violence among 112 women. In this study, I also explored the impact of previous sexual violence on Black women’s attitudes towards reporting sexual violence. The responses from participants showed that whether or not someone had experienced sexual violence was a significant predictor of people’s attitudes towards reporting. The participants were significantly more likely to have negative attitudes towards reporting if they had previously experienced sexual violence. In addition, the relationship between mistrust of police and negative attitudes towards reporting sexual violence was more significant when the Black female participant had experienced sexual violence. Future studies should continue to explore the impact of experiencing sexual violence on Black women’s attitudes towards reporting.

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Berrey, Stephen Andrew. "Against the law: violence, crime, state repression, and black resistance in Jim Crow Mississippi". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2462.

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Książki na temat "Blacks – violence against"

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Austin, Clarke. Public enemies: Police violence and black youth. Toronto: HarperCollins Publishers, 1992.

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Farias, Juliana. Governo de Mortes: Uma etnografia da gestão de populações de favelas no Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Papéis Selvagens, 2020.

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Harper, Kimberly. White man's heaven: The lynching and expulsion of blacks in the Southern Ozarks, 1894-1909. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2010.

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McLagan, Graeme. Guns and gangs: Inside Black gun crime. London: Allison & Busby, 2005.

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Harper, Kimberly. White man's heaven: The lynching and expulsion of blacks in the Southern Ozarks, 1894-1909. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2010.

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Weissinger, Sandra E., Dwayne A. Mack i Elwood Watson, red. Violence Against Black Bodies. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705.

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Anti-Black violence in twentieth-century Texas. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 2015.

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West, Traci C. Wounds of the spirit: Black women, violence, and resistance ethics. New York: New York University Press, 1999.

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M, West Carolyn, red. Violence in the lives of black women: Battered, black, and blue. New York: Haworth Press, 2002.

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Mama, Amina. The hidden struggle: Statutory and voluntary sector responses to violence against Black women in the home. London: Whiting and Birch, 1996.

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Części książek na temat "Blacks – violence against"

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dos Santos, Sales Augusto, i Matheus Silva Freitas. "Sophisticated Violence Against Blacks in an Era of Affirmative Action Policies: A Predictor of Violent Racial Conflict or a Case of Academic Terror?" W Black Lives Matter in Latin America, 73–119. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39904-6_4.

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Weissinger, Sandra E., Dwayne A. Mack i Elwood Watson. "Introduction". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 1–10. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-1.

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Maucione, Jessica. "The Revelatory Racial Politics of the Sopranos". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 127–44. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-11.

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Neal, Kelle. "From Mammy to Black-Ish". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 145–58. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-12.

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Hackett, Cedric D. "For the World to See". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 159–77. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-13.

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Castro, Monia O’Brien. "It’s “Young Black Kids Doing It”". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 178–96. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-14.

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Potts, Michael. "“The Multicultural Dilemma”". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 201–19. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-16.

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Aseltine, Elyshia D. "The School-to-Prison Pipeline". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 220–39. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-17.

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Muhammad, Kareem R. "Blood at the Root". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 240–58. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-18.

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Mack, Dwayne A., i Felicia W. Mack. "Trigger-Happy Policing". W Violence Against Black Bodies, 259–75. 1st edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315408705-19.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Blacks – violence against"

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Moore, Roxanne. "Engaging Stakeholders in Refusing Systemic Violence Against Black Children". W 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1579271.

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Dixon-Payne, Deneen. "Breaking the Code: Examining STEM Violence Against Black Girls". W 2024 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2093876.

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Wijesuriya, Uttara Kaumadi. "Rights of Differently-Abled Child Victims of Domestic Violence: An Assessment under the Sri Lankan Legal Framework". W SLIIT International Conference on Advancements in Sciences and Humanities 2023. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/fxaa5317.

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Among the victims of domestic violence, differently-abled children are the most vulnerable group in the community. The Prevention of Domestic Violence Act is the main statute regarding the law relating to domestic violence, which does not specifically lay down provisions for protection of this vulnerable group. However, the Sri Lankan legal framework for the protection of the rights of differently-abled children against violence is somewhat comprehensive as there are both domestic and international legal standards. A slow progress is observed in the implementation of strategies to overcome the current issues concerned with victimized differently-abled children. Against this background, the objectives of this study were to analyze the current legal framework in Sri Lanka towards the protection of differently-abled children against domestic violence and to explore the need of prioritizing the rights of them against domestic violence. This study is entirely based on a qualitative approach by referring to secondary sources while following the Black Letter Research Methodology. This study further highlights the lack of data regarding this aspect as one of the major reasons for problems in the implementation process since assessment of the current situation is the most crucial aspect before taking preventive measures.
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Paulo, Avner, Carlos Eduardo Oliveira De Souza, Bruna Guimarães Lima e Silva, Flávio Luiz Schiavoni i Adilson Siqueira. "Black Lives Matter". W Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Musical. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbcm.2019.10459.

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The Brazilian police killed 16 people per day in 2017 and 3/4 of the victims were black people. Recently, a Brazilian called Evaldo Rosa dos Santos, father, worker, musician, and black, was killed in Rio de Janeiro with 80 rifle bullets shot by the police. Everyday, the statistics and the news show that the police uses more force when dealing with black people and it seems obvious that, in Brazil, the state bullet uses to find a black skin to rest. Unfortunately, the brutal force and violence by the state and the police to black people is not a problem only in this country. It is a global reality that led to the creation of an international movement called Black Lives Matter (BLM), a movement against all types of racism towards the black people specially by the police and the state. The BLM movement also aims to connect black people of the entire world against the violence and for justice. In our work, we try to establish a link between the reality of black people in Brazil with the culture of black people around the world, connecting people and artists to perform a tribute to the black lives harved by the state force. For this, the piece uses web content, news, pictures, YouTube’s videos, and more, to create a collage of visual and musical environment merged with expressive movements of a dance, combining technology and gestures. Black culture beyond violence because we believe that black lives matter. such as the Ku Klux Klan, which bring the black population of the world into concern for possible setbacks in their rights. In Brazil, it is not different. Brazil is the non African country with the biggest afro descendant population in the world and one of the last country in the world to abolish slavery. Nowadays, a black person is 3 times more propense to be killed and most part of the murders in the country happened to afro Brazilians. Marielle Franco, a black city councillor from Rio, the only black female representative and one of seven women on the 51-seat council was killed in 2018. The killers were two former policeman. According to Human Rights Watch, the police force in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, killed more than 8,000 people between 2005 and 2015, 3/4 of them were black men. At the same time, the African culture strongly influenced the Brazilian culture and most part of the traditional Brazilian music and rhythms can be considered black music.
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Paape, Raik. "Analysis of the of Socio-Political, Economic and Settlement Policy Related Effects of Racial Segregation in South Africa". W Interdisciplinarity Counts. University of Maribor, University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.3.2023.61.

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The paper deals with the socio-political, economic and settlement policy related effects of racial segregation in South Africa. Nowadays, not much has remained of the optimistic spirit of optimism from the Mandela era. The extent of nepotism, corruption and enrichment under subsequent ANC governments was so extensive that there is talk of 'state capture'. The increasing impoverishment to the point of starvation of lowincome earners especially during the Corona pandemic led to the radicalisation of society and the number of violent protests and riots increased. Race relations have also deteriorated. The black South African population feels abandoned by the government and partly transfers this resentment to the white South African population; the number of assaults is increasing. White South Africans have felt increasingly marginalised in public life and deprived of career advancement opportunities since 1994 due to the governments' 'affirmative action'. The complaint that "there used to be too little white and now there is too little black" leads to the statement: "Apartheid today is against whites".
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Widanapathirana, Shiran Harsha. "A Dialogue on the Effectiveness of Section 308A and Section 341 of the Penal Code in Discouraging Corporeal Punishments". W SLIIT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES [SICASH]. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/tqtl6011.

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Corporeal punishments can be identified as a method of punishment that can be traced a long way back in history as a method that is utilized to ensure compliance and discipline. It is quite well known that the same method is used in various degrees to discipline children at schools and even within the unit of a family. However, it is proven by research that such punishments can have devastating effects on the well-being of children, thus, the claims on punishments being imposed in the best interests of the children might be considered ineffective due to lack of evidence and the severity of the consequences of imposing corporeal punishments to children. Thus, the purpose of this research was to conduct a dialogue on the capability of criminal law on ensuring protection for children against acts of violence within the school system via a focused emphasis on the competency of Section 308A (1995 Amendment) and Section 341 of the Penal Code through utilizing the epistemological approach and the black letter approach of qualitative research. The research findings depicted that the relevant Sections considered within the course of the research has potential in terms of ensuring protection for children from acts of cruelty against children in the school atmosphere. The provisions further attempt to strike a balance between reasonable acts to ensure student wellbeing and acts that can be considered as being influenced by malice and cruelty, yet, with limitations that leave room for improvements. Keywords: Corporeal punishments; Best interests; Children; Child rights
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Blacks – violence against"

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Franco Silva, Adriana. Working paper PUEAA No. 19. Dissidences, learning, and organizational experiences of Latin American women: Decolonial Dialogues. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.004r.2023.

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In recent years, violence against women has increased significantly in Latin America. Faced with this context, women have not been passive, but have organized themselves to confront the violence of the system. The community feminism of Bolivia and Guatemala, as well as the organization of black women in Brazil are just a few examples of the different women's movements throughout the region. The proposals that have come out of these groups have made visible the historical violence of capitalism and are also proposing new ways of socialization based on the recovery of their knowledge and experiences. In this way, in this text some of their approaches will be shared, emphasizing that the proposals confront the prevailing system and provide alternatives to face the crisis of civilization.
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Kelly, Luke. Definitions, Characteristics and Monitoring of Conflict Economies. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.024.

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The idea of conflict economies is a broad concept encompassing several research angles. Definitions differ according to these focuses. Some of the main uses of the concept are to understand: • economic analysis of the motives for and likelihood of war • financing of state and non-state belligerents • how the continuation of conflicts can be explained by rational motives including economic ones • how conflict affects economic activity, and how conflict parties and citizens adapt Some distinctive characteristics of war economies are (Ballentine & Nitzschke, 2005, p. 12): • They involve the destruction or circumvention of the formal economy and the growth of informal and black markets, • Pillage, predation, extortion, and deliberate violence against civilians is used by combatants to acquire control over lucrative assets, capture trade networks and diaspora remittances, and exploit labour; • War economies are highly decentralised and privatised, both in the means of coercion and in the means of production and exchange; • Combatants increasingly rely on the licit or illicit exploitation of / trade in lucrative natural resources • They thrive on cross-border trading networks, regional kin and ethnic groups, arms traffickers, and mercenaries, as well as legally operating commercial entities, each of which may have a vested interest in the continuation of conflict and instability. The first section of this rapid review outlines the evolution of the term and key definitions. Most of this discussion occurs in the academic literature around the early 2000s. The second looks at key characteristics of conflict economies identified in the literature, with examples where possible from both academic and grey literature. The third section briefly identifies methodologies used to measure and monitor conflict economies, as well as some current research and programmes on conflict economies, from academic literature as well as NGOs and other sources. The findings have been derived via a literature search and advice from experts in the field. Given time constraints, the report is not comprehensive. The review is gender- and disability blind.
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