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Reynolds, David John. "Establishing multi-bivalve species sclerochronology". Thesis, Bangor University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543214.
Pełny tekst źródłaPuinean, Alin Mirel. "Development of biomarkers of estrogen exposure in the marine bivalve Mytilus edulis Linnaeus (Mollusca : Bivalvia)". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426316.
Pełny tekst źródłaAucoin, Serge. "Écologie de population du bivalve Pinna carnea". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25177/25177.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaMohammed, Saad Zakaria Mohammed. "Aspects of nursery cultivation of bivalve molluscs". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328163.
Pełny tekst źródłaVolpe, Enrico <1987>. "Finfish and Human Pathogens in Bivalve Molluscs". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8062/1/Tesi%20PhD_Volpe%20Enrico.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSemba, Prasetiya Fiddy. "Greening phenomenon in bivalve by marennine produced from Haslea ostrearia and its consequences on bivalve’s integrated response". Thesis, Le Mans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEMA1017/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis Ph.D. thesis focuses on several assessments to achieve the optimum benefit of utilization of marennine in the field of aquaculture. The study covers: (1) the assessment in feeding behavior of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas on different sizes of Haslea ostrearia and its ecological consequence; (2) the characterization of the greening by marennine and its consequences on some physiological traits of on C. gigas. (3) the consequence of greening by marennine on behavioral, physiological and biochemical traits of bivalves; (4) the utilization of H. ostrearia and marennine in a combination diet with other microalgae relevant to aquaculture.Our results suggest that cell size impacts considerably the selection process of H. ostrearia by oyster. This study also demonstrates that the extracellular form of marennine contributes significantly to the greening in the mucocytes of the gills. Apart from greening the pallial organs of bivalves, marennine (2 mg L-1) affects the behavioural, physiological and biochemical performance. Nevertheless, these effects can be compensated for its biological activities such as natural antibacterial agent and use as a mixed algal diet for bivalve aquaculture
Trigg, Colin. "Ecological studies on the bivalve Limaria hians (Gmelin)". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2312.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiguori, Louis-Antoine. "La voie transgutéale digastrique bivalve : description, évaluation, critiques". Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6413.
Pełny tekst źródłaCasse, Nathalie. "Eléments d'embryologie de Pecten maximus L. (mollusque bivalve)". Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2009.
Pełny tekst źródłaSantos, Gabriel Luiz dos. "Determinação multielementar e análise de especiação de vanádio em amostras ambientais da Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brasil, por técnicas espectrométricas". Instituto de Química, 2013. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/15803.
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CNPq
O presente trabalho realizado em amostras coletadas na Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brasil, propõe estratégias para determinação multielementar e análise de especiação de vanádio em amostras de moluscos bivalves e sedimentos, empregando ICP OES e ICP-MS. Na primeira parte da tese, foram avaliadas as potencialidades de dois espectrômetros de massa com plasma indutivamente acoplado para determinação de As, Cr, Ni, Se e V em amostras de moluscos bivalves. Para efeito de comparação, três materiais de referência certificados (CRM) foram analisados: NIST 1566b SRM Oyster tissue, NRCC TORT-2 Lobster Hepatopancreas e NIST 2977 SRM Mussel tissue. A condição recomendada, que consistiu na determinação no modo padrão com adição de padrão interno, foi aplicada na determinação dos analitos em amostras de Macoma constricta coletadas em diferentes regiões da BTS. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria dos níveis de As, Cr, Ni, Se e V presentes na espécie Macoma constricta apresentaram valores acima dos níveis estabelecidos pela legislação vigente brasileira que são: 1,0 (As); 0,1 (Cr); 5,0 (Ni); 0,3 (Se) e 0,77 (V) g g-1 (peso úmido), o que representa risco à população e ao ecossistema. Na segunda parte da tese, foram investigadas as condições para a análise de especiação de vanádio em amostras de sedimentos, empregando extração alcalina e determinação por ICP OES. A concentração de V(IV) foi determinada por diferença, considerando a determinação de vanádio total, também realizada por ICP OES, após digestão das amostras com ácido nítrico em forno de micro- ondas com cavidade, usando o procedimento EPA 3051A. O procedimento foi validado através de testes de adição e recuperação e de análise do seguinte material de referência certificado: NIST 2702 (Inorganics in marine sediment). Pelos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que os compostos contendo V(IV) são mais dominantes nas amostras dos sedimentos analisados.
The present work conducted on samples collected in Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brasil, proposes strategies for multielement determination and speciation analysis of vanadium in bivalve molluscs and sediments samples, using ICP OES and ICP-MS. In the first part of the thesis, the potential of two inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers for determination of As, Cr, Ni, Se and V in bivalve molluscs samples were evaluated. For comparison, three certified reference materials (CRM) were analyzed: NIST 1566b SRM Oyster tissue, NRCC TORT-2 Lobster Hepatopancreas e NIST 2977 SRM Mussel tissue. The recommended condition, which consisted in determining the standard mode with addition of internal standard, was applied in the determination of analytes in samples of Macoma constricta collected in different regions of the BTS. The results showed that most levels of As, Cr, Ni, Se and V present in the species Macoma constricta have values above the levels established by the Brazilian legislation, that are: 1.0 (As); 0.1 (Cr); 5.0 (Ni); 0.3 (Se) and 0.77 (V) g g-1 (wet weight), which represents risk to the population and the ecosystem. In the second part of the thesis, the conditions for speciation analysis of vanadium in soil and sediment samples were investigated, using alkaline extraction and determining by ICP OES. The V (IV) concentration was determined by difference, considering the total vanadium determination, also performed by ICP OES, after the samples digestion with nitric acid in cavity microwave oven, using the procedure EPA 3051A. The procedure was validated through addition and recovery tests and analysis of the following certified reference material: NIST 2702 (Inorganics in marine sediment). From the obtained results it can be concluded that compounds containing V (IV) are majority in the sediment samples analyzed.
Leite, Mayla Monique dos Santos. "Desenvolvimento de ling?i?a de mexilh?o (Perna perna) funcional processada com a aplica??o de transglutaminase microbiana". Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1672.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
The difficulty in supplying the animal protein demand of great biological value for the human population is a major concern of our century. Reports of Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) show the rapid world population growth as a major contributing factor to the increased need in the production and diversification of protein foods worldwide. FAO estimates report that in 2050 the number of people will reach about 9.6 billion people and will need to ensure food security with sustainable development. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop a prebiotic built by the addition of inulin in the form of cooked type sausage, the base of mussels (Perna, Linnaeus 1758), processed with microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) for diversification of products based fish and evaluate the influence of this enzyme in the texture of the final product and its behavior for mussels meat since the majority of studies are in beef and pork. The sausages were developed from the ground meat of mussels (CTM), where both the raw material as the products presented physicochemical and microbiological characteristics satisfactory and showed good nutritional value, highlighting the protein content and low lipid content of the product. To evaluate the best answers in the preparation of sausages was used Delineation Composite Central Rotational with the independent variables: percentage of water (5-30%), concentration of Inulin (0-3%) and concentration of MTGase (0-2%) and dependent: moisture content, water holding capacity (WHC) and percentage of income and shrinking of sausages in cooking and instrumental texture. Any water, as inulin and MTGase influenced significantly (p <0.05) in the range of concentrations studied, in variable responses% humidity and WHC, however, for the variables yields and% shrinkage during cooking and instrumental texture in the study group, there was no significant influence (p> 0.05). The proposed design has shown that the best results were obtained for the lower water concentrations and MTGase and inulin in the formulation. So they were prepared sausages mussels with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% MTGase and water percentage (5%) and Inulin (3% - specification of legislation for the product to be considered prebiotic) set for prediction of the mathematical model. It was concluded that the model fits to obtain moisture content of the response and WHC very similar to those obtained in practice, which can provide the best moisture content for different concentrations of transglutaminase for sausages formulations based pre mussels cooked.
A dificuldade em suprir a demanda de prote?na de origem animal de excelente valor biol?gico para a popula??o humana ? uma das maiores preocupa??es do nosso s?culo. Relat?rios da Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) apontam o r?pido crescimento demogr?fico mundial como um dos principais fatores contribuintes para o aumento da necessidade na produ??o e diversifica??o de alimentos proteicos em todo mundo. Estimativas da FAO descrevem que em 2050 o contingente de pessoas atingir? cerca de 9,6 bilh?es de indiv?duos e ser? necess?rio garantir a seguran?a alimentar juntamente com desenvolvimento sustent?vel. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi desenvolver um embutido prebi?tico pela adi??o de inulina, na forma de lingui?a tipo cozida, a base de mexilh?es (Perna perna, Linnaeus 1758), processado com transglutaminase microbiana (MTGase) para diversifica??o de produtos a base de pescado e avaliar a influ?ncia desta enzima na textura do produto final e o seu comportamento para a carne de mexilh?es, visto que a maioria dos estudos realizados s?o com carne bovina ou su?na. As lingui?as foram desenvolvidas a partir da carne triturada de mexilh?es (CTM), onde tanto a mat?ria prima quanto a lingui?a apresentaram caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e microbiol?gicas satisfat?rias e apresentaram bom valor nutricional, destacando o teor proteico e baixo teor de lip?deo do produto. Para avaliar as melhores respostas na elabora??o das lingui?as foi utilizado Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional, com as vari?veis independentes: percentual de ?gua (5 a 30%), concentra??o de Inulina (0 a 3%) e concentra??o de MTGase (0 a 2%) e as vari?veis dependentes: teor de umidade, capacidade de reten??o de ?gua (CRA) e percentuais de rendimento e encolhimento das lingui?as na coc??o e textura instrumental. Tanto a ?gua, quanto a inulina e a MTGase, influenciaram de forma significativa (p<0,05), na faixa de concentra??es estudada, nas vari?veis respostas % Umidade e CRA, no entanto, para as vari?veis respostas % rendimento e encolhimento na coc??o e textura instrumental, na faixa estudada, n?o houve influ?ncia significativa (p>0,05). O delineamento proposto evidenciou que os melhores resultados foram obtidos para as menores concentra??es de ?gua e MTGase e Inulina na formula??o. Assim, foram elaboradas lingui?as de mexilh?es com 0,5%, 1,0% e 1,5% de MTGase e os percentuais de ?gua (5%) e de Inulina (3% - especifica??o da legisla??o para o produto ser considerado prebi?tico) fixados para predi??o do modelo matem?tico. Concluiu-se que o modelo se ajusta para a obten??o de respostas do teor de umidade e CRA muito similares ?s obtidas na pr?tica, onde pode se prever o melhor teor de umidade para diferentes concentra??es da enzima transglutaminase para formula??es de lingui?as a base de mexilh?es pr?-cozidos
Myers, Amanda R. ""Recirculating aquaculture system integration of bivalve culture for effluent nutrient composition reduction" /". Electronic version (PDF), 2006. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2006/myersa/amandamyers.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSartori, André Fernando. "Anatomia do bivalve antártico Thracia meridionalis Smith, 1885 (Anomalodesmata:Thraciidae)". Connect to this title online, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-19092004-192817/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBaker, Patrick Kelly. "Quantification of settlement and recruitment processes in bivalve mollusks". W&M ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616555.
Pełny tekst źródłaJONES, DONNA CARLSON. "BIVALVE EPIBIONT ARMOR: THE EVOLUTION OF AN ANTIPREDATORY STRATEGY". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1085085950.
Pełny tekst źródłaJennions, Suzanne M. "The effect of environmental change on bivalve mollusc biomineralisation". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685038.
Pełny tekst źródłaDufour, Suzanne Carole. "Adaptations to chemoautotrophic symbiosis in the bivalve family Thyasiridae /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3112875.
Pełny tekst źródłaTong, Lily K. Y. (Lily Kit Ying). "The population ecology of the intertidal bivalve Lasaea australis". Phd thesis, Faculty of Arts, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9035.
Pełny tekst źródłaGussman, David S. "The use of brewers condensed solubles in bivalve mariculture". W&M ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616677.
Pełny tekst źródłaAraujo, Maria Lucia Rodrigues. "Ciclo reprodutivo e densidade populacional de Anomalocardia brasiliana (GMELIN, 1791) (mollusca: bivalvia: veneriidae) na praia do Canto da Barra, Fortim, CearÃ". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2004. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3239.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarine bivalves are very appreciated as food and its shell is used for several purposes, especially for ornament. The present research aims to study the marine bivalve Anomalocardia brasiliana in relation to its population density and reproductive cycle, correlating them with environmental parameters (salinity, temperature and precipitation). Monthly samplings were realized from May 2002 to April 2003 at Canto da Barra Beach, in the Jaguaribe River Estuary, Fortim, CearÃ. The Anomalocardia brasiliana individuals presented a quite characteristic distribution pattern, with the juvenile ones concentrated in areas with fine and moist sediment (fine sand) and the adult ones concentrated in sandy beds with coarse sediment (medium sand). Sexual differentiation probably occurred when the shell length was between 12,6mm and 17,9mm. Sex determination was realized using custom histological techniques. During gametogenesis, oogonia, previtellogenic oocytes, vitellogenic oocytes and mature oocytes were recognized in females, and spermatogonia, spermatocytes I, spermatocytes II, spermatids and spermatozoa were recognized in males. The reproductive cycle is continuous. Nevertheless, periods of intense gamete liberation were observed from July to October 2002 and form February to April 2003. For both sexes the reproduction cycle was characterized by the following stages in the development: âin Ripeningâ, âRipeâ, âin Spawningâ, âSpawnedâ. Among the environmental agents observed in this study, precipitation and salinity were the ones that presented the largest fluctuation in amplitude. However, a major influence by the salinity reduction effect was only observed in males, probably caused by the high precipitation registered in April 2003. During this study, the occurrence of parasites from the genus Bucephalus sp. was observed in 6,5% of the analyzed individuals. Despite the low influence of organisms infected with parasites, the occurrence of parasitism in the Anomalocardia brasiliana population at the Jaguaribe River Estuary alerts the necessity for further studies on the physiological conditions of this species in that area.
Khamdan, S. A. A. "Aspects of reproduction and triploidy manipulation in the pearl oyster, Pinctada radiata (Leach)". Thesis, Bangor University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239889.
Pełny tekst źródłaFarias, Marcia Fernandes. "Ciclo reprodutivo, distribuição populacional e condições microbiologicas de Tagelus plebeius (Lighfoot, 1786) (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA: SOLECURTIDAE) no estuário do rio ceará em Fortaleza - Ce". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/4913.
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Paugam, Alain. "Identification immunologique des larves d'un mollusque bivalve marin : Pecten maximus". Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2023.
Pełny tekst źródłaHuang, Zhenzhen 1982. "Experimental assessment of early diagenetic changes in marine bivalve shells". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98727.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarnes, Penelope Anne Gee. "Eco-physiology of the endosymbiont-bearing lucinid bivalve, Codakia orbiculata". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1081.
Pełny tekst źródłaHenshilwood, Kathleen. "The detection of food-borne viruses in bivalve molluscan shellfish". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367689.
Pełny tekst źródłaRipley, Bonnie J. (Bonnie Jo) 1970. "Life history traits and population processes in marine bivalve molluscs". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47425.
Pełny tekst źródłaSartori, André Fernando. "Anatomia do bivalve antártico Thracia meridionalis Smith, 1885 (Anomalodesmata: Thraciidae)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-19092004-192817/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe functional morphology of the Thraciidae is sparsely understood. Though several of its members had some morphological aspect described, only Trigonothracia jinxingae from Chinese waters is known in details, Thracia meridionalis being the first austral thraciid to be comprehensively reported upon. The latter species is the only representative of the family in Antarctic waters, and a common mud-dweller in the Admiralty Bay, King George Island, where living specimens were collected for the present study. T. meridionalis shares with Trigonothracia jinxingae many features that are typical of most Anomalodesmata: a secondary ligament of fused periostracum; extensively fused mantle margins; ctenidia of type E; ctenidial-labial palp junction of category III; stomach of type IV and simultaneous hermaphroditism. However, T. meridionalis is strikingly different from Trigonothracia in a number of aspects, as the presence of a fourth pallial aperture; statocysts of type B3; heterorhabdic ctenidia; a direct communication between the mantle chambers; deep-burrowing habit, the specimens lying on the left shell valve; siphons often retracted away from the sediment surface, protected within their mucous-lined burrows; stomach with extensive sorting areas; suspension-feeding habit; rectum passing over the kidneys and separate male and female gonadial apertures, thus revealing a greater diversity of form within the Thraciidae than is currently known.
Grodzki, Marco <1980>. "Evaluation of Microbial Contamination in Bivalve Mollusks: Epidemiology and Diagnosis". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4834/1/grodzki_marco_tesi.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaGrodzki, Marco <1980>. "Evaluation of Microbial Contamination in Bivalve Mollusks: Epidemiology and Diagnosis". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4834/.
Pełny tekst źródłaMatte, Glavur Rogerio. "Isolamento de vibrios potencialmente patogênicos em moluscos bivalves". Universidade de São Paulo, 1994. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-14072016-152410/.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this work, 26 oysters samples (Crassostrea gigas), found in the market of São Paulo city and some coastal areas of São Paulo State, and 36 mussels samples (Perna perna), that were collected monthly in 3 coastal areas of Ubatuba city - SP., were analyzed for the potential patogenic vibrios occurrence. Samples were enriched in alcalin peptone water with (1 per cent ) and without sodium cloride and GSTB. Isolation was performed on TCBS agar. suspect sacharosis positive and negative colonies, resembling vibrio species, were presumptively identified on Kligler iron agar, and confirmed by complementary biochemical tests. Some of this potential patogenic vibrios were submitted to suckling mouse assay and rabbit ileal loop assay. Potential patogenic vibrios isolated from oyster samples were: V. alginolyticus (81 per cent ), V. parahaemolyticus (77 per cent ), V. cholerae non 0:1 (31 per cent ), V. fluvialis (27 per cent ) I V. furnissii (19 per cent ), V. mimicus (12 per cent ) and V. vulnificus (12 per cent ) and from mussels samples were: V. a.1ginolyticus (97 per cent ), V. parabaemolyticus (75 per cent ), V. fluvialis (47 per cent ), V. vulnificus (11 per cent ), V. cholerae non 0:1 (6 per cent ), V. furnissii (6 per cent ) and V. mimicus (6 per cent ). It was found 6,9 per cent of samples between 0,25 and 0,49 ml/cm of fluid accumulation in ileal loop assay, 15,6 per cent between 0,5 and 0,99 ml/cm and 15,1 per cent was equal or higher than 1 ml/cm. Among the samples assayed for suckling mouse 26,6 per cent were positive. These results confirm the high potential of these microrganisms to induce gastroenteritis. Seasonal variation as well as correlation between the potential patogenic vibrios isolated and the fecal contamination indicators were not found, confirming that the presence of such microrganisms occurs autochthonously and that the climate conditions were favourable to these species survival during the whole year. with the results of this work and considering that oyster and mussels are usually ingested raw or insufficiently cooked, the conclusion is that the ingestion of such mollusks presents a certain degree of risk for the consumer\'s health.
Johnston, Olivia Ruth. "Distribution and biology of the marine invasive bivalve Theora lubrica (Semelidae)". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2453.
Pełny tekst źródłaAmyot, Jean-Pierre. "Locomotion et répartition spatiale chez le bivalve d'eau douce Elliptio complanata". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ35561.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaZhao, Liqiang [Verfasser]. "Deciphering the complexity of element incorporation into bivalve shells / Liqiang Zhao". Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/112833741X/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaYan, Lina [Verfasser]. "Calibration study of bivalve shells : implications for paleoenvironmental reconstruction / Lina Yan". Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1046091484/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaSomerset, Mark. "Effects of the s-triazines irgarol and atrazine on bivalve molluscs". Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502738.
Pełny tekst źródłaAxiak, V. "Effects of pollution by petroleum hydrocarbons on the bivalve (Venus verrucosa)". Thesis, University of Westminster, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370918.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrooks, Jeremy David. "The aetiology of environmental stress responses and disease in bivalve molluscs". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259996.
Pełny tekst źródłaThompson, Christine Mingione. "Species-specific patterns in bivalve larval supply to a coastal embayment". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62785.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Larval supply is an important process linking reproductive output to recruitment of benthic marine invertebrates. Few species-specific studies of bivalve larvae have been performed due to the lack of suitable methods for species identification. This thesis focused on applying a method to identify larvae from field samples from Waquoit Bay, MA using shell birefringence patterns. This method was then used to address variability in larval supply for three bivalve species on weekly, tidal, and hourly scales. Sampling weekly for six months during two years showed large variability in larval concentrations on this time scale. Abundances of most species were related to bay temperature, and species distributions among sampling sites were indicative of transport potential and population coherence. Greater growth of larvae in 2009 compared to 2007 was attributed to more wind-induced mixing and better food availability in 2009. Integrative samples over each tidal event for a 14-day period demonstrated that larvae were mostly constrained by water masses. During a period when there were sharp tidal signals in temperature and salinity, larval concentrations were higher in bay water compared to coastal waters on incoming tides. After a storm event, water mass properties were less distinct between tidal events and a semidiurnal signal in larval concentrations was no longer apparent. The timing of periods of high larval concentrations did not always coincide with periods of highest water mass flux reducing net export in some cases. On an hourly scale, the vertical distribution of larvae affected by water column stratification and strength of tidal flow. Strong currents and a fresh upper layer both prevented larvae from concentrating at the surface. There was little evidence of peaks in larval concentrations associated with a given tidal period. Species-specific data can provide new perspectives on larval transport. For the three species studied, Anomia simplex, Guekensia demissa, and Mercenaria mercenaria, different source areas, patterns for growth, and potential for export were observed. Applying species-specific identification methods to future studies of bivalve larval transport has the potential to relate larval abundance to settlement patterns, an important component of larval ecology and shellfish management.
by Christine Mingione Thompson.
Ph.D.
Peñaloza, Navarro Carolina Soledad. "Characterization of genome-wide deviations from Mendelian inheritance in bivalve species". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33036.
Pełny tekst źródłaDenis, Françoise. "Génétique biochimique et moléculaire de la palourde Ruditapes Philippinarum (mollusque, bivalve)". Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2032.
Pełny tekst źródłaLopes, Anabela Rodrigues. "Matriz orgânica solúvel do nacre da concha do bivalve Anodonta cygnea". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/6408.
Pełny tekst źródłaA biomineralização da concha dos moluscos é um processo controlado por uma matriz orgânica extracelular secretada para o espaço extrapaleal pelo epitélio calcificante. Já foram realizados alguns estudos dos quais se obtiveram algumas respostas sobre os constituintes da matriz. No entanto, quase todos tiveram como objeto de estudo moluscos das famílias Pteriidae e Pinnidae. Neste trabalho o animal estudado, o bivalve Anodonta cygnea, pertence à família Unionidae da qual se sabe muito pouco no que respeita à sua matriz orgânica. Das duas frações possíveis de obter pelo processo de extração apenas uma, a fração solúvel, foi analisada. A análise ocorreu a vários níveis nomeadamente ao nível da caracterização bioquímica por eletroforese, quantificação de matéria existente e localização da matriz diretamente na concha através da técnica de “immunogold”. Foram também produzidos anticorpos policlonais para a matriz e construída uma biblioteca de ADN complementar ao ARN mensageiro existente no epitélio calcificante sendo neste caso o folheto externo do manto. Da análise em eletroforese foram detetadas cinco frações proteicas de pesos moleculares de aproximadamente 106, 74, 59, 49 e 40KDa. A pequena quantidade de proteínas totais e de glicosaminoglicanos obtida da extração comprovou os demais estudos que referem que a percentagem de matriz orgânica existente na concha é baixa quando comparada com a componente inorgânica, neste caso constituída por carbonato de cálcio na forma de cristais de aragonite. Pela técnica de “immunogold” verificou-se que a matriz orgânica encontra-se essencialmente nos espaços intercristalinos mas existe também associada aos próprios cristais. Os resultados encontrados neste trabalho para esta espécie ao nível da caracterização bioquímica são semelhantes aos descritos no estudo de outra espécie da mesma família. Relativamente à localização da matriz orgânica na concha esta apresenta distribuição semelhante à da espécie Pinna nobilis embora pertençam a famílias diferentes. Apesar dos milhares de anos de evolução divergente, isto sugere que a matriz orgânica não deverá variar muito entre famílias na sua constituição e organização.
The biomineralization process of mollusc’s shell is controlled by an extracellular organic matrix which is produced by the calcifying epithelium and secreted into the extrapallial space. Some studies have already been performed and give some answers about organic matrix constituents. However almost all of them were on species of the families Pteriidae and Pinnidae. In the present work the study animal is the freshwater bivalve Anodonta cygnea, belonging to the Unionidae family, from which little is known about its organic matrix. From the extraction process it is possible to achieve two fractions of organic matrix, but only one, the soluble fraction, was the object of this study. Different techniques were used, including biochemical characterization by electrophoresis, quantification and detection of the matrix directly in the shell through the immunogold technique. Were also produced polyclonal antibodies against the organic matrix and a complementary DNA library, constructed with the messenger RNA of the outer mantle epithelium, which is in this animal the calcifying epithelium, used as a template. From the electrophoretic analysis five protein fractions were detected with molecular weights of approximately 106, 74, 59, 49 and 40 KDa. The small amount of the total protein and glycosaminoglycans obtained from the extraction indicate the low percentage of organic matrix when compared to the inorganic fraction which is in this case calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite crystals, situation confirmed in other studies. By the immunogold technique it was found that the organic matrix is mainly intercrystalline but it can also be found within the crystals. The results found in terms of biochemical characterization in this study with Anodonta cygnea are similar to those described for other members of this family. Regarding to the localization of the organic matrix in the shell, the results obtained are very similar to the localization founded in the Pinna nobilis although they belong to the different families. This suggests that the thousands of years of divergent evolution should not vary greatly between families in terms of constitution and organization of the organic matrix.
Rolton, Anne. "Impacts of Karenia brevis on bivalve reproduction and early life history". Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0002/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe brevetoxin (PbTx) producing dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis is the most prevalent harmful algal bloom species in the Gulf of Mexico. The effects of this alga on Mercenaria mercenaria and Crassostrea virginica are poorly understood yet, blooms typically overlap with periods of reproduction and spawning in these species.The aims of this project were to determine the effects of i) laboratory and field exposure of K. brevis on the reproductive and related physiological processes of adult M. mercenaria and C. virginica and the quality of the offspring that were produced and ii) K. brevis exposure on gamete, embryo and larval development in these species.Following exposure of adult clams and oysters to K. brevis, negative effects were recorded on reproductive and physiological parameters. PbTx was recorded in gamete tissues, and maternal transfer of this PbTx to the offspring via the oocytes, may have resulted in the significant negative effects recorded on larval development up to the end of the lecithotrophic phase.The similar dose-dependent negative effects caused by direct exposure of gamete and early life stages to different cell preparations of K. brevis suggests that other toxic compounds in addition to PbTx may be involved in toxicity and, that the majority of negative effects occur during embryonic divisions.Hard clams and eastern oysters are susceptible to K. brevis exposure. The negative effects on adult and early life stages combined with the near- annual exposure to blooms of K. brevis could cause significant bottle-necks on the recruitment and population dynamics of these important species and, have wider reaching environmental and economic impacts
SAGGESE, ILENIA. "Ecotoxicological profiles of metal engineered nanoparticles in mollusc bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis". Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/46561.
Pełny tekst źródłaMagalhães, Frederico Thomaisino 1981. "Mollusca Bivalvia da Baía do Almirantado, Ilha Rei George, Antártica : taxonomia e distribuição". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315908.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: O Brasil aderiu ao "Tratado Antártico" em 1975, e desde 1982 mantém o "Programa Antártico Brasileiro. A partir de 1984 as pesquisas brasileiras se concentraram na Baía do Almirantado, na Ilha Rei George, onde se localiza a base do país. A Baía do Almirantado foi eleita uma "Área Antártica Especialmente Gerenciada" pelas Partes Consultivas do Tratado Antártico e trata-se de um local representativo do ecossistema costeiro antártico, principalmente em termos de distribuição e composição de espécies. Lá os pesquisadores tem estudado a fauna bentônica da região, entre eles os Mollusca, que são abundantes e importantes no estudo dos processos que determinam a estrutura e o funcionamento das comunidades bentônicas marinhas. Este estudo se focou na classe Bivalvia, provendo um novo material de referência para identificação destes animais, e mais especificamente daqueles da Baía do Almirantado, apresentando-se como um guia ilustrado, com descrições detalhadas das conchas dessas espécies. Além disso, dados de distribuição geográfica e batimétrica foram reunidos para uma análise dessa fauna, na tentativa de qualificar a importância da região das Ilhas Shetland do Sul como um local estratégico para estudos em biogeografia. Foram identificadas 39 espécies de 18 famílias distintas, e seus dados de biologia, distribuição batimétrica e geográfica reunidos. As famílias mais representativas foram Philobryidae, Nuculanidae e Lasaeidae, contabilizando 15 espécies. As regiões com mais espécies em comum com a área estudada foram o Estreito de Magalhães, Ilha Georgia do Sul, Mar de Weddell, Península Antártica e sul do Chile; regiões notáveis pela riqueza de Bivalvia. As famílias mais largamente distribuídas, encontradas neste estudo, foram LImidae e Carditidae; e as mais restritas foram Siliculidae e Nuculanidae. A espécie com maior distribuição foi Cyclocardia astartoides, e as mais restritas Ennucula georgiana e Mysella narchii. As espécies encontradas se concentram nas profundidades até 1000 m, com seu número caindo para menos da metade além disso. Apenas seis espécies ocorrendo além dos 2000 m: Yoldiella profundorum, Limopsis marionensis, Limopsis lilliei, Adacnarca nitens, Limatula pygmaea e Cyclocardia astartoides. Este estudo demonstram a região da Baía do Almirantado como abrigo de uma fauna de Bivalvia composta por espécies estritamente antárticas, e outras que ocorrem ao norte da Convergência Antártica; sendo assim uma região importante para o estudo da distribuição destes animais
Abstract: Brazil abided to the "Antarctic Treaty" in 1975, and since 1982 maintains the "Brazilian Antarctic Program". As from 1984 the Brazilian researches focused on Admiralty Bay, in King George Island, where the country?s Antarctic base is located. Admiralty Bay was elected a "Antarctic Especially Managed Area" by the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties and is a representative place for the Antarctic coastal ecosystem, especially in views of species distribution and composition. In there researchers have been studying the regional benthic fauna, amidst it the Mollusca, abundant and important animals for the study of determinant process in the structure and operation of the marine benthic community. The present study focused on the class Bivalvia, providing a new reference source for identification of the group, and specifically for those of Admiralty Bay, presented as an illustrated guide with detailed shell descriptions for all the species found. Furthermore, data on geographic and bathymetric distribution were gathered for an analysis of this fauna, in attempt to qualify the importance of the South Shetland Islands as a strategic place for studies on biogeography. Thirty-nine species, of 18 distinct families, were identified, and their biological, geographical and bathymetrical data gathered. The most representative families were Philobryidae, Nuculanidae and Lasaeidae, counting 15 species in sum. The geographic regions with more species in common with the studied area were Strait of Magellan, South Georgia Island, Weddell Sea, Antarctic Peninsula and Southern Chile; notable regions for Bivalvia richness. The families found with the largest geographic distribution were Limidae and Carditidae, and the most restricted ones were Siliculidae and Nuculanidae. The species with largest geographical distribution was Cyclocardia astartoides, while the most restricted were Ennucula georgiana and Mysella narchii. The species found in this study are concentrated in depths until 1000 m, beyond that their number shortens to less than half. Only six occur deeper than 2000 m: Yoldiella profundorum, Limopsis marionensis, Limopsis lilliei, Adacnarca nitens, Limatula pygmaea and Cyclocardia astaroides. The present study shows Admiralty Bay as shelter to a Bivalvia fauna with strictly Antarctic species and northern ones, common north to the Antarctic Convergence, thus being an important place for studying the distribution of these animals
Mestrado
Ecologia
Mestre em Ecologia
Ludwig, Sandra. "Corbicula (Bivalvia, Corbiculidae) spp, na América do Sul : histórico de introdução, linhagens androgênicas e genética da invasão". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/48369.
Pełny tekst źródłaCo-orientador : Dr. Gustavo Darrigran
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 29/05/2015
Inclui referências
Area de concentração: Zoologia
Resumo: O gênero Corbicula (Bivalvia, Corbiculidae) Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811 possui linhagens sexuais e hermafroditas androgênicas que habitam ambientes estuarinos e de água-doce ao redor do mundo. As linhagens sexuadas de Corbicula estão restritas à região natural (Ásia, Austrália, Oriente Médio e África), enquanto que as linhagens invasoras são encontradas nos continentes Americano e Europeu. Dessa forma, acredita-se que reprodução androgênica pode ter um papel importante durante o processo de estabelecimento das linhagens invasoras em um novo ambiente. As linhagens androgênicas invasoras de Corbicula são entituladas como: Corbicula sp. forma A/R, Corbicula sp. forma C/S, Corbicula sp. forma B e Corbicula sp. forma Rlc, e quando estabelecidas em um novo ambiente, geram impactos ecológicos e econômicos significativos. Devido à alta variabilidade morfológica de suas conchas, a determinação específica das espécies de Corbicula utilizando somente dados morfológicos resulta frequentemente em uma determinação taxonômica errônea. Assim, esta tese de doutorado tem como objetivo: (i) identificar as linhagens Sul-Americanas de Corbicula utilizando dados de morfometria geométrica e dados moleculares do mtDNA citocromo oxidase subunidade I (COI) e de dez marcadores nucleares de microssatélites; (ii) inferir o relacionamento filogenético das linhagens invasoras de Corbicula da América do Sul com seus relativos da América do Norte e Europa, assim como, com as linhagens sexuadas da região natural; (iii) propor um método molecular para a detecção de larvas de Corbicula spp. em amostras de plâncton com o intuito de monitorar esses moluscos invasores e fornecer informações sobre o ciclo de vida e processo de dispersão no ambiente invadido. Baseando-se nos resultados obtidos, foi possível detectar duas linhagens invasoras de Corbicula na América do Sul, C. sp. forma A/R e C. sp. forma C/S. Além disso, espécimes com morfotipos e genótipos intermediários também foram detectados, que aqui foram considerados como consequência do mismatch citonuclear entre duas linhagens simpátricas de Corbicula. Os espécimes de Porto União, Santa Catarina, apresentaram ainda um haplótipo único (FWBra1) e que está presente unicamente nessa população. Ainda, foi detectada uma extensa variação morfológica nos espécimes da linhagem C. sp. forma A/R, mas que está restritamente associada à presença de um único genótipo e ao haplótipo mtDNA FW5; ou seja, apresentam um padrão genético clonal para a América do Sul. O mesmo padrão clonal se repetiu para a linhagem C. sp. forma C/S, cuja apresentou um único genótipo e a presença do único haplótipo mtDNA FW17. Adicionalmente, provavelmente, múltiplas introduções e admixture de novos propágulos de diferentes regiões invadidas podem estar propiciando a manutenção da diversidade clonal desses moluscos na América do Sul, caracterizando-se em uma metapopulação de clones entre os continentes Americano e Europeu, para cada uma das linhagens detectadas. Assim, o método de monitoramento molecular desenvolvido a partir do mtDNA COI se mostrou eficiente na detecção de larvas de Corbicula spp. invasoras, sendo possível detectar até mesmo uma única larva em 1000 mL de amostra de plâncton. Assim, o método molecular desenvolvido pode realizar o monitoramento/prospecção dos primeiros estágios larvais do ciclo de vida de Corbicula spp. em corpos d'água que foram invadidos e/ou que são considerados em risco de invasão eminente por esses moluscos.
Abstract: The genus Corbicula (Bivalvia, Corbiculidae) Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811 has sexual and hermaphroditic androgenetic lineages which habitat estuarine and freshwater domains around the world. The sexual lineages of Corbicula are restricted to natural range (Asia, Australia, Middle East and Africa), while the invasive lineages are found in American and European continent and, are characterized by hermaphroditic androgenetic reproduction. In this way, it is believed that the androgenetic reproduction can play an important role during the stablishment process of invasive lineages into new environment. The invasive androgenetic lineages of Corbicula are known as: Corbicula sp. form A/R, Corbicula sp. form C/S, Corbicula sp. form B and Corbicula sp. form Rlc and, when stablished into new environment they cause significative ecological and economic impacts. Besides that, they present high morphological variability in their shells, thus, the specific determination of species of Corbicula using only morphological data often results in erroneous taxonomic determination. For those reasons, this doctoral thesis aims to: (i) identify the South American lineages of Corbicula using morphometric geometric data and molecular data from mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and ten nuclear markers of microsatellites; (ii) infer the phylogenetic relationships of invasive lineages of Corbicula of South America with their counterparts of North America and Europe, as, sexual lineages from natural range and; (iii) propose a molecular method to larvae detection of Corbicula spp. in plankton samples, in order to monitoring these invasive molluscs and provide information about their life cycle and dispersion process into invaded environment. Based on obtained results of this thesis, we detected two invasive lineages of Corbicula in South America: C. sp. form A/R e C. sp. form C/S. Besides that, specimens with intermediate morphotype and genotype were also detected, which were considered as consequence of cytonuclear mismatch between sympatric invasive lineages of Corbicula. Specimens of Porto União, Santa Catarina state, presented intermediate genotype but unique mtDNA COI haplotype (FWBra1) and, until now, it is presented only in this population. Also, it was detected an extensive morphological variation in C. sp. form A/R specimens but it is restricted associated to the presence solely of one genotype and one mtDNA COI haplotype FW5; in other words, those specimens presented a clonal genetic pattern to South America. The same clonal pattern repeated to C. sp. form C/S, which presented solely one genotype and one mtDNA COI haplotype FW17. Additionally, most probably, multiple introductions and admixture of new propagules from distinct invaded regions are propitiating the maintenance of clonal diversity of these molluscs into South America, characterizing themselves in metapopulation of clones between American and European continents, to both lineages detected. Finally, the molecular method developed through mtDNA COI was efficient in detection of larvae of invasive Corbicula spp., which could detect even one larva in 1000 mL of plankton sample. In this way, the molecular method developed can monitoring and prospects the early stages of larvae of Corbicula spp.' life cycle in invaded watersheds and/or those that are considered in risk to eminent invasion by these molluscs.
Guimarães, Alaíse Gil. "Contaminação do molusco Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791), por Vibrio parahaemolyticus e Vibrio vulnificus, na Região Norte da Baia de Todos os Santos - Bahia". [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255544.
Pełny tekst źródłaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: A costa do litoral baiano é considerada uma das mais férteis da costa brasileira, levando-se em consideração a extensa faixa de litoral, pois ela é capaz de gerar a maior proliferação de vida marinha com uma grande quantidade de peixes, crustáceos e moluscos. Por essa razão, a população costeira tem sua subsistência alimentar e econômica vinculada ao extrativismo de frutos do mar, destacando-se entre eles o molusco bivalve comestível Anoma/ocardia brasiliana (Gmelin 1791), popularmente conhecido na região como "chumbinho",que é extremamente apreciado pela culinária baiana. Com o objetivo de pesquisar a ocorrência de Vibrio parahaemo/yticus e Vibrio vu/nificus, 31 amostras de A. brasiliana, de água do mar e de sedimento foram coletados de abril de 2000 a março de 2001, nas praias do município de Salinas da Margarida, região norte da Baía de Todos os Santos-BA. As amostras foram avaliadas quanto ao Número Mais Provável (NMP) de V. parahaemolyticus e V.vulnificus sendo as colonias sugestivas identificadas presuntivamente em meio de Tríplice Açúcar e Ferro (TSI), e a confirmação realizada através dos testes bioquímicos complementares. O Número Mais Provável (NMP/g) de V. parahaemolyticus nas amostras de "chumbinho", sedimento e água do mar variou de <3 a 1,1x103, <3 a 93 e <0,3 a 4,3 respectivamente. O Número Mais Provável de V.vulnificus para as amostras de "chumbinho", foram de <3 a 3 e de <0,3 a 0,4 para a água do mar e abaixo do limite de detecção do método para as amostras de sedimento. A freqüência de amostras de "chumbinho", sedimento e água do mar positivas para V. parahaemoliticus foi de 64,5%, 77,4% e 64,5%, respectivamente, enquanto que para o V.vulnificus foi de 3,2% para "chumbinho" e de 6,4% para a água do mar. Não se observou correlação entre as variáveis do ambiente (salinidade, temperatura e pH), com o isolamento dos microrganismos estudados constatou-se a ausência da influência da sazonalidade sobre a freqüência de V. parahaemolyticus. Todas as cepas de V. parahaemolyticus isoladas submetidas ao teste de Kanagawa apresentaram resultados negativos. A utilização de vinagre e de suco de limão mostrou-se eficiente na redução do número inicial de V. parahaemolyticus em A. brasiliana artificialmente contaminado. Em virtude da cidade de Salinas da Margarida ser uma das maiores fornecedoras de "chumbinho" e conhecendo a maneira com que os mesmos são comercializados, é importante e necessária a implantação de Boas Práticas de Produção, tendo como objetivo a qualidade desse molusco e a garantia da saúde dos consumidores.
Abstract: The Bahia State - Brazil coastline is considered one of the most fertile of the Brazilian coast, taking consideration the extensive seaboard, therefore it is capable to generate the most proliferation of sea life with a great amount of fishes, crustaceans and clams. For this the coastal population has its alimentary and economic subsistence associated to the extractives of seafood. Among the mussels the Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791) is popularly known as "chumbinho", can be detected between the bivalve mollusks and is particularly appreciated by the bahian cuisine to investigate the occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus, thirty one samples of the Anomalocardia brasiliana, seawater and sediment were collected trom April of 2000 to March of 2001, in the beaches of the city of Salinas da Margarida, north region of the Baía de Todos os Santos - Bahia. The Most Probable Number (MPN) were used to quantify V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus in samples and the suggestive colonies were presumptively identified in Triple Sugar and Iron Medium (TSI), and the confirmation was carried through the biochemical tests. The determination of the Most Probable Number (/g or Iml) of V. parahaemolyticus varied from <3 to 1,1 X 103 for "chumbinho", <3 to 93 for sediment and between <0,3 to 4,3 for seawater samples, while the MPN (/g or ml) of V. vulnificus were between <3 to 3 for "chumbinho" and <0,3 to 0,4 for seawater; in the sediment samples this bacteria wasn't quantified. The frequency of V. parahaemolyticus in "chumbinho", sediment and seawater was 64,5%, 77,4% and 64,5% respectively, while for V.vulnificus it was 3,2% in "chumbinho" and 6,4% in seawater. Statistically were not found correlations between the environmental variable (salinity, temperature and pH) and the presence of the microorganisms, as well as the seasonal variation. The efficiency of vinegar and lemon juice in the reduetion of V. parahaemolyticus in artificially contaminated was shown. Due to the fact that the town of Salinas da Margarida be one of the major provider of "chumbinho" and knowing the way that they are commercialized , it is important and necessary the implementation of good manufacture practices, aiming the quality of the mollusks and guarantee of the consumers health.
Doutorado
Doutor em Tecnologia de Alimentos
Quast, Mônica Paiva 1977. "Moluscos bivalves (Arcoida e Ostreoida) da costa Sudeste do Brasil". [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315781.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Os moluscos bivalves das ordens Arcoida e Ostreoida (Bivalvia) procedentes do Programa BIOTA / FAPESP - Bentos Marinho e do Programa REVIZEE / Bentos - Score Sul são o objeto de estudo do presente trabalho. O objetivo principal foi ampliar o conhecimento sobre as espécies destes grupos, fornecendo descrições e ilustrações do material examinado, bem como dados sobre as distribuições geográfica e batimétrica. As coletas foram realizadas ao largo do Estado de São Paulo em substrato não-consolidado desde a região entremarés até cerca de 800 m de profundidade. Nas praias arenosas, foram utilizados amostradores cilíndricos, enterrados até 20 cm de profundidade, e, no infralitoral, pegadores van Veen e "Box -corer", draga e rede. O material foi identificado com o auxílio de microscópio estereoscópico, de microscópio eletrônico de varredura e de literatura especializada, e fotografado com câmera digital. No total, 1060 indivíduos foram examinados, sendo reconhecidas 21 espécies pertencentes a oito famílias: Arcidae (5 espécies), Limopsidae (3), Philobryidae (1) e Glycymerididae (2) (Arcoida); Ostreidae (1), Pectinidae (4), Propeamussiidae (4) e Anomiidae (1) (Ostreoida). Foram registradas duas ocorrências novas para a costa brasileira, Bathyarca pectunculoides e Cyclopecten subimbrifer. As descrições de algumas espécies foram ampliadas. Uma análise de agrupamento com base na similaridade faunística permitiu definir grupos de estações de acordo com a profundidade, estabelecendo faixas batimétricas caracterizadas por determinados grupos de espécies
Abstract: Bivalve mollusks (orders Arcoida and Ostreoida) collected during the BIOTA / FAPESP-Bentos Marinho Program and part of the REVIZEE / Bentos - Score Sul Program were analyzed in order to improve the knowledge about these taxa in Brazilian coast. The material was collected in soft bottoms in state of São Paulo from the intertidal zone to about 800 m depth, with cylindrical corers on beaches and van Veen, Box-corer dredge and trawl in the sublittoral zone. Bivalves were identified and photographed using a stereoscope microscope and a digital camera. A total of 1060 individuals were examined and 21 species recognized belonging to eight families: Arcidae (5 species), Limopsidae (3), Philobryidae (1) e Glycymerididae (2) (Arcoida); Ostreidae (1), Pectinidae (4), Propeamussiidae (4) e Anomiidae (1) (Ostreoida). There are two new occurrences for Brazilian coast, Bathyarca pectunculoides and Cyclopecten subimbrifer. Descriptions of some species were improved. A cluster analysis determined site groups related to depth
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Mestre em Ecologia
Ferreira, Liana Pinho. "Diagnóstico e infecção experimental por Perkinsus beihaiensis em anomalocardia brasiliana (MOLLUSCA:BIVALVIA) no Estado do Ceará". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/16311.
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Perkinsiosis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Perkinsus and causes massive mortality in several species of commercial bivalve mollusks, mainly in Europe and United States. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the occurrence of Perkinsus in the cockle Anomalocardia brasiliana (Veneridae) from a natural population and evaluate the impact of an experimental challenge with Perkinsus beihaiensis in this host. Specimens of A. brasiliana were collected in the Timonha River estuary (West coast of Ceará) in March 2012 (n= 150) and submitted to the diagnosis of Perkinsus spp. by tissues incubation of gills and rectum in Ray’s Fluid Thioglicollate Medium (RFTM). The confirmation of the genus Perkinsus was done by PCR analyzes (ITS) and subsequent sequencing. The RFTM showed the presence of hypnospores of Perkinsus infecting the tissues of the animals, with a prevalence of 14.7% (22/150) and intensity of infection ranging from very mild (n= 18) to mild (n= 4). Analyzes of PCR and sequencing confirmed that this species is Perkinsus beiahiensis. So this is the first record of this species in A. brasiliana. In order to assess the impact of an experimental challenge with P. beiahiensis in cockles from the Jaguaribe River estuary (east coast of Ceará), animals (n= 6) were distributed in 12 tanks (6 controls and 6 treatments). A cell suspension of hypnospores of P. beihaiensis was prepared from tissues of Crassostrea rhizophorae naturally infected. The tissues were incubated in RFTM to obtain a suspension of hypnospores. The animals of the treatment group were challenged by injection of 100μl of cell suspension of the parasite (125 cells) into the paleal cavity and the control animals received 100μl of sterile filtered seawater (AMFE). The challenge lasted 30 days and samples of cockles were collected in the 15th (n= 25) and 30th (n= 41) day after injection for pathological analyzes (RFTM, histology and PCR). The mortality of the animals was recorded daily. Mortalities occurred only during the first 15 days of the experiment (n = 6, of the treatment group), but it was not detected Perkinsus sp. in these animals. From the animals collected in the 15th day, 8 of 17 (control group, 47%) and 2 of 14 (treatment group, 14.3%) had hypnospores of Perkinsus sp. (RFTM) with intensities of infection ranging from very mild to mild, greater in the treatment group than in the control group. From the animals collected in the 30th day, 4 of 19 (control group, 21%) and 4 of 22 (treatment group, 18.2%) were diagnosed as infected with Perkinsus sp., with intensities of infection ranging from very mild to mild, higher in the treatment group than in the control group. The histopathological analyzes confirmed the presence of cells of Perkinsus sp. infecting the organs of the cockles in the two groups, but the treatment group was the only one with cells being phagocytosed The proliferating cells of Perkinsus sp. occurred in both groups. PCR analyzes confirmed the presence of Perkinsus sp. in 4 of 6 animals analyzed (66.7%). This work revealed that the cockle A. brasiliana already is a natural host of Perkinsus beihaiensis, and a challenge with cells isolated from P. beihaiensis causes induction to infection, but the host recovers itself quickly and efficiently activating defense mechanisms.
A perkinsiose é causada por protozoários do gênero Perkinsus e causa mortalidades massivas em diversos moluscos bivalves comerciais, principalmente na Europa e nos Estados Unidos. O presente trabalho teve como primeiro objetivo verificar a ocorrência de Perkinsus em Anomalocardia brasiliana (Veneridae) de uma população natural do Rio Timonha, litral oeste do Ceará. Os espécimes (n=150) foram coletados em março de 2012 e submetidos ao diagnóstico de Perkinsus spp. por incubação de tecidos das brânquias e do reto em meio líquido de tioglicolato de Ray (RFTM). A confirmação do gênero foi feita por análises de PCR (ITS) e posterior sequenciamento. A RFTM mostrou a presença de hipnósporos de Perkinsus infectando os tecidos de A. brasiliana, com uma prevalência de 14,7% e com intensidades de infecção variando de Muito Leve (n = 18) a Leve (n = 4). As análises da PCR e do sequenciamento confirmaram tratar-se de Perkinsus beiahiensis. Este é o primeiro registro desta espécie em A. brasiliana. O segundo objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o impacto de um desafio experimental com P. beiahiensis neste hospedeiro. Para tal, foram coletados 72 exemplares no Estuário do Rio Jaguaribe (litoral leste do Ceará), que foram distribuídos em 12 tanques (6 controles e 6 tratamentos). Uma suspensão celular de hipnóporos de P. beihaiensis foi preparada a partir de tecidos de ostras Crassostrea rhizophorae naturalmente infectadas, a partir de incubação em RFTM. Os animais do grupo tratamento foram desafiados por injeção na cavidade palial de 100 μl da suspensão celular do parasita (125 células) e os animais controle receberam 100 μl de água do mar filtrada estéril (AMFE). O desafio durou 30 dias e amostras de búzios foram coletadas no 15º (n = 25) e 30º (n = 41) dias após injeção, para análises patológicas (RFTM, histologia e PCR). Mortalidades ocorreram somente em 16,7% dos animais do tratamento, mas não foi detectado Perkinsus sp. nestes animais. Dos animais coletados para RFTM no 15º dia, 47% do controle e 14,3% do tratamento apresentaram hipnósporos de Perkinsus sp., com intensidades de infecção variando de muito leve a leve. Dos animais coletados no 30° dia, 21% do controle e 18,2% do tratamento estavam infectados por Perkinsus sp., com intensidades de infecção variando de muito leve a leve. As análises histopatológicas confirmaram a presença de Perkinsus sp. infectando os órgãos de A. brasiliana nos dois grupos, no entanto somente o grupo tratamento apresentou células sendo fagocitados, ao passo que células em proliferação de Perkinsus sp. ocorreram nos dois grupos. As análises de PCR confirmaram a presença de Perkinsus sp. em 66,7% dos animais analisados (n = 6). Este estudo é o primeiro registro de P. beiahiensis em A. brasiliana. A etapa experimental evidenciou que este já é um hospedeiro natural deste patógeno e que um desafio com celulas isoladas de P. beihaiensis induz a infecção, no entanto o hospedeiro se recupera de forma rápida e eficiente mediante a ativação de mecanismos de defesa.
Aranha, Tiago Porto. "Situação atual da ocorrencia do bivalve invasor Isognomon bicolor no litoral norte paulista e variabilidade genetica da especie no sudeste brasileiro". [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316373.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A quantidade de espécies envolvidas, a amplitude geográfica e a freqüência de ocorrência das invasões biológicas não conhecem precedentes. Atualmente as invasões são consideradas um processo composto de múltiplos estágios, dinâmico no espaço e no tempo. As populações invasoras podem estacionar em determinados estágios e até regredir a estágios anteriores antes de atingir a fase de clímax. As invasões são consideradas uma das grandes causas da extinção de espécies no planeta, desta forma, a compreensão dos mecanismos e fatores que influenciam o sucesso das invasões e o entendimento de seus efeitos em comunidades nativas é fundamental. O objeto de estudo do presente trabalho é o bivalve invasor Isognomon bicolor em costões rochosos do sudeste do Brasil. No capítulo I, padrões de distribuição e dominância de populações localizadas no litoral norte de São Paulo foram documentados. A situação atual da invasão de I. bicolor foi avaliada frente às populações de organismos nativos da área. No capítulo II, padrões de variabilidade e estruturação genética de populações de I. bicolor no litoral sudeste foram descritos e comparados com aqueles para populações do bivalve nativo Brachidontes solisianus. A combinação dessas duas abordagens permitiu uma maior compreensão do processo de invasão de I. bicolor e das conseqüências dessa invasão sobre as espécies nativas. Atualmente I. bicolor apresenta-se amplamente distribuído no litoral norte de São Paulo, entretanto, ao contrário de estudos anteriores, suas populações apresentam baixas porcentagens de cobertura nos costões onde ocorre. Tal fato deve-se a um evento de mortaliade em massa pelo qual a espécie passou recentemente. A alta variabilidade e baixa estruturação genética observada, semelhante à encontrada para o bivalve nativo B. solisianus, são indícios de um processo de invasão costituido por múltiplos episódios de introdução e da grande capacidade de dispersão do invasor. Esses resultados são preocupantes pois sugerem que as populações de I. bicolor estão relativamente estáveis e conectadas entre si, tornando sua exitinção na costa sudeste do Brasil improvável, mesmo após a ocorrência do evento de mortalidade em massa
Abstract: The species number, geographic scale and frequency of biological invasions are unparalleled. Currently, invasions are considered as a several stages process, dynamic in space and time. The invasive populations can remain at some stage or return to earlier stages before reaching the invasion climax. Invasions are considered one of the major causes of species extinction on the planet and thus. Understanding mechanisms and factors that influence invasion success and its effects on native communities is of primary imporatance. The present work studied the invasive Isognomon bicolor populations along the southeastern coast of Brazil. In Chapter I, the distribution and the dominance patterns of I. bicolor were documented along the northern coast of São Paulo. The population attributes of the invasive species I. bicolor were evaluated and compared to the population attributes of native organisms in the sampled area. In Chapter II, the genetic variability and the structure patterns of four I. bicolor populations on southeastern Brazilian Coast were analyzed and compared with those of the native Brachidontes solisianus populations. The combination of these two approaches has enabled a better understanding of I. bicolor invasion process and its consequences for native species. Currently, I. bicolor has become widely distributed in the northern coast of São Paulo, however, unlike previous studies, I.bicolor is not dominant in the rocky shores. This fact may be caused by a recent mass mortality event. The high variability and low genetic structure observed, similar to the genetic attibutes of the native bivalve B. solisianus populations, are evidences of an invasion process with multiple introduction events and of the large invader dispersal ability. These results are concerning as they suggest that I.bicolor populations are relatively stable and connected to each other, making its extinction in the southeastern coast of Brazil unlikely, even after the occurrence of a mass mortality event
Mestrado
Ecologia
Mestre em Ecologia