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E, Merian, red. Metals and their compoundsin the environment: Occurrence, analysis, and biological relevance. Weinheim: VCH, 1991.
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E, Merian, i Clarkson Thomas W, red. Metals and their compounds in the environment: Occurrence, analysis, and biological relevance. Weinheim: VCH, 1991.
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Anke, M. Elements and their compounds in the environment: Occurrence, analysis and biological relevance. Wyd. 2. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2004.
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M, Anke, Ihnat M i Stoeppler M. 1927-, red. Elements and their compounds in the environment: Occurence, analysis and biological relevance. Wyd. 2. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2004.
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Dovigi, Stephanie. An Analysis of the performance of molecular mechanics methods in the study of some biologically relevant hydrogen-bonded systems. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, 1993.
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Smetanin, Anatoliy. Formation and structure of the biota of Kamchatka's natural ecosystems. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1316649.
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The formation of the modern flora and fauna of Kamchatka, paleogeography, natural ecosystems are considered. The biological diversity of the most important groups of biota is analyzed: vascular plants, mollusks, echinoderms, crustaceans, insects, fish, birds, mammals. The most prominent representatives, including economically significant ones, are highlighted. Brief information on paleodendroflora is given, a brief analysis of currently flourishing vascular plants is given. The fossil forms of extinct and currently living animals inhabiting the natural ecosystems of Kamchatka are described. A polytomic analysis of the biota was performed and its functional structure was established.
For researchers in the field of ecology and nature protection, teachers and students of relevant academic disciplines, as well as for a wide range of readers in order to learn about the nature of the region and environmental education.
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Agafonov, Vyacheslav, Sergey Bogolyubov, Liya Vasil'eva, Galina Vyphanova, Dmitriy Gorohov, Natal'ya Zhavoronkova, Inna Ignat'eva i in. Sources of environmental law. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1913253.
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The monograph summarizes new relevant materials and topics. The study of the sources (forms) of environmental and natural resource law, legislation on environmental assessment and environmental control (supervision), provisions of land and other codes as forms of law, mechanisms for regulating environmental management, as well as the evolution of sources of law in the field of agriculture.
The complex nature of environmental law is demonstrated, the constitutional, legislative, and political foundations of environmental development, the unified state environmental policy of the Russian Federation and a number of foreign states are outlined. The genesis and systematization of forms of atmospheric air protection, specially protected natural territories of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, legal regulation of waste management, international and national measures of adaptation to climate change are reflected.
The legislation on land reclamation, land management, subsoil use, forest management, water use, fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources in the system of sources of environmental law is analyzed; the issues of intersectoral communication of environmental, urban planning, information, energy, civil legislation and law are considered.
Examples from the field of law enforcement are given. The idea of ecologization of sources (forms), institutions, categories, norms of branches of Russian law is being developed.
For lawyers — scientists and practitioners, teachers, postgraduates, masters, law students, and other specialists interested in the theory and practice of lawmaking and the application of environmental law.
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Merian, Ernest. Metals and Their Compounds in the Environment: Occurrence, Analysis, and Biological Relevance. Wiley-VCH, 1990.
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(Editor), Ernest Merian, Manfred Anke (Editor), Milan Ihnat (Editor) i Markus Stoeppler (Editor), red. Elements and their Compounds in the Environment: Occurrence, Analysis and Biological Relevance. Wyd. 2. Wiley-VCH, 2004.
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Lentzos, Filippa. Genetic Engineering and Biological Risks. Redaktorzy Roger Brownsword, Eloise Scotford i Karen Yeung. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199680832.013.66.
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This chapter serves three objectives. First, it provides a narrative account of key developments in core bioengineering technologies. Second, it critically interrogates the emergence and evolution of regulatory regimes aimed at responding to perceived risks associated with these technological capabilities, highlighting how these have primarily relied on establishing ‘soft’ forms of control rather than hard edged legal frameworks backed by coercive sanctions, largely in the form of self-regulation by the scientific research community (with some notification provisions to keep the relevant government informed). Third, it provides an analysis of this regulatory evolution, focusing on the narrow construction of risk, and flagging up the possibility of alternative framings, which might have generated more inclusive and deliberative approaches to standard-setting and oversight.
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Zack, Naomi, red. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Race. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190236953.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Race provides up-to-date explanation and analyses by leading scholars of contemporary issues in philosophy of race and African American philosophy. Ideas about race held by Locke, Hume, Kant, Hegel, and Nietzsche are supplemented by suppressed thought from the African diaspora, early twentieth-century African American perspectives, and Native American, Asian American, and Latin American views. Philosophical analysis is brought to bear on the status of racial divisions as human categories in the biological sciences, as well as within the architectonic of contemporary criticism and conceptual analysis. The special applications of American philosophy and continental philosophy to ideas of race are presented as methodological alternatives to more analytic approaches. As a collection of analyses and assessments of “race” in the real world, there is trenchant and relevant attention paid to historical and contemporary racism and what it means to say that “race” and racial identities are socially constructed. Analyses of contemporary social issues include the importance of racial difference and identity in education, public health, medicine, IQ and other standardized tests, and sports. Societal limitations and structures provided by public policy and law are realistically considered. As a critical theory, the study of race is compared to feminism. Historical and contemporary, as well as academic and popular, racisms pertaining to male and female gender receive special consideration. Although this comprehensive collection may have the effect of a textbook, each of the original essays is a fresh and authentic development of important present thought.
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Anderson-Fye, Eileen. Cultural Influences on Body Image and Eating Disorders. Redaktorzy W. Stewart Agras i Athena Robinson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190620998.013.9.
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Sociocultural factors have long been implicated in body image and eating disorders. Decades of data, drawn from multiple disciplines, consistently demonstrate the influence of culture on body image and eating disorders across several levels of analysis. This chapter engages the rich empirical literature on this subject to retheorize the role and importance of these contextual factors in light of anthropological and related social theories relevant to contemporary circumstances. Specifically, this chapter first analyzes and operationalizes what we mean by “culture” in body image and eating disorder scholarship, describes trends in salient sociocultural factors, and highlights the varying impacts of globalization where societies are increasingly interconnected. It also urges research that builds on current understandings by increasing collaborations among not only multiple disciplines within the social sciences but also biological and clinical sciences.
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Levinson, Marjorie. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810315.003.0011.
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This chapter bridges the gap between historicism and formalism through a new model for lyric. Different kinds of explanation suit different levels of analysis: validity in interpretation is tied to analytic level. Proposed here is a theory of the middle range—Franco Moretti’s genre, Jonathan Culler’s poetics. “Lyric” indicates the kind of poem recognized since the eighteenth century as such—hence, as the extreme form of the literary. A process resembling thinking happens in such densely coded, layered, and self-reflexive poems. The model suggested, however, is not self-reflexivity but self-assembly through a transhistorical recursive process that equally applies beyond conventionally defined agents, subjects, and mental states. As a byproduct of recursion, lyric subjectivity is homologous with processes in the physical and biological sciences, as conceptualized in dynamic systems theory. Such systems spontaneously select for their own boundaries and identity, their own relevant contexts: entity and environment are co-created.
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Practical R for biologists: an introduction. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0000.
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Abstract R is an open-source statistical environment modelled after the previously widely used commercial programs S and S-Plus, but in addition to powerful statistical analysis tools, it also provides powerful graphics outputs. In addition to its statistical and graphical capabilities, R is a programming language suitable for medium-sized projects. This book presents a set of studies that collectively represent almost all the R operations that beginners, analysing their own data up to perhaps the early years of doing a PhD, need. Although the chapters are organized around topics such as graphing, classical statistical tests, statistical modelling, mapping and text parsing, examples have been chosen based largely on real scientific studies at the appropriate level and within each the use of more R functions is nearly always covered than are simply necessary just to get a p-value or a graph. R comes with around a thousand base functions which are automatically installed when R is downloaded. This book covers the use of those of most relevance to biological data analysis, modelling and graphics. Throughout each chapter, the functions introduced and used in that chapter are summarized in Tool Boxes. The book also shows the user how to adapt and write their own code and functions. A selection of base functions relevant to graphics that are not necessarily covered in the main text are described in Appendix 1, and additional housekeeping functions in Appendix 2.
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Leunissen, Mariska. From Natural Character to Moral Virtue in Aristotle. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190602215.001.0001.
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This book discusses Aristotle’s biological views about character and the importance of what he calls “natural character traits” for the development of moral virtue as presented in his ethical treatises. It provides a new, comprehensive account of the physiological underpinnings of moral development and thereby shows, first, that Aristotle’s ethical theories do not exhaust his views about character, as has traditionally been assumed, and, second, that his treatment of natural character in the biological treatises provides the conceptual and ideological foundation for his views about habituation as developed in his ethics. This manuscript thus takes seriously Aristotle’s claim—often ignored—that nature is one of the factors through which men become “good and capable of fine deeds.” Part I (“The Physiology and Science of Natural Character”) analyzes, in three chapters, Aristotle’s notion of natural character as it is developed in the biological treatises and its role in moral development, especially as it affects women and certain “barbarians”—groups who are typically left out of accounts of Aristotle’s ethics. I also discuss its relevance for our understanding of physiognomical ideas in Aristotle. Part II (“The Physiology of Moral Development”) explores the psychophysical changes in body and soul that one is required to undergo in the process of acquiring moral virtues. It includes a discussion of Aristotle’s eugenic views, his identification of habituation as a form of human perfection, and his claims about the moral deficiencies of women that link them to his beliefs about their biological imperfections.
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Baliousis, Michael, Najat Khalifa i Birgit Völlm. The Neurobiology of Antisocial Personality Disorders Focusing on Psychopathy. Redaktorzy Christian Schmahl, K. Luan Phan, Robert O. Friedel i Larry J. Siever. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199362318.003.0014.
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This chapter reviews the evidence base for a range of biological factors in antisocial personality disorder (APD) and psychopathy in adults (there is a substantial evidence base for children and adolescents with antisocial behavior as well, though the inclusion of these studies is outside our scope), including genetic factors, neurophysiological and neuropsychological findings, structural and functional brain changes, and transmitter and hormone aberrations. In order to summarize the evidence, this chapter systematically reviews others’ reviews and meta-analyses in the field but also refers to individual studies of particular relevance. The chapter focuses more on psychopathy than on APD because it provides a more narrow and less controversial concept, at least in relation to its use in research.
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Blow, David. Outline of Crystallography for Biologists. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198510512.001.0001.
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Outline of Crystallography for Biologists is intended for researchers and students in the biological sciences who require an insight into the methods of X-ray crystallography without needing to learn all the relevant theory. The main text is purely descriptive and is readable by those with minimal mathematical knowledge. Some mathematical detail is given throughout in boxes, but these can be ignored. Theory is limited to the essentials required to comprehend issues of quality. There is an extensive reference section and suggestions for further reading for those who wish to delve deeper. The first part 'Fundamentals' presents the underlying ideas which allow x-ray structure analysis to be carried out and provides an appropriate background to courses in structural determination. The second part 'Practice' gives more information about the procedures employed in the course of crystal structure determination. The emphasis is on the quality measures of X-ray diffraction analysis to give the reader a critical insight into the quality and accuracy of a structure determination and to enable the reader to appreciate which parts of a structure determination may have caused special difficulty. There is no pretence of completeness and many matters discussed in standard crystallography texts are deliberately omitted. However, issues not brought out in the standard texts are discussed, making it a useful resource for non-practising crystallographers as well.
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Lidz, Jeffrey L., William Snyder i Joe Pater, red. The Oxford Handbook of Developmental Linguistics. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199601264.001.0001.
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This handbook provides a thorough and systematic investigation of the question of how we come to know a language. Researchers from all over the world explore the leading research questions within developmental linguistics, which include: What does the newborn child bring to the task of language acquisition? What information must the child extract from her linguistic input? And how does biological maturation interact with the child’s developing linguistic abilities? In the main body of the handbook, each chapter addresses a single area of grammatical knowledge, such as syllable structure, negation, or binding theory, and begins with an overview of the fundamental generalizations that guide current linguistic analyses and the features of grammatical representation that these generalizations entail. This is followed by a consideration of language learnability; a review of the relevant acquisition literature organized according to target language, age range of the child, and research methodology; and, finally, a discussion of a series of broader questions, such as: Do the experimental findings that were reviewed in the chapter favour a particular approach to the logical problem of language learnability? In what ways, if any, does the child’s knowledge surpass the information directly available from the input? In what ways can innate structure make the input more informative? Likewise, are there ways in which the child’s knowledge seems more limited than expected, given the richness of the available input?
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Furlotte, Wes. The Problem of Nature in Hegel's Final System. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474435536.001.0001.
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This book challenges the unanimous rejection that has followed Hegel’s Naturphilosohie (1830). Systematically reconstructing Hegel’s conception of nature, the book explores the ways in which it functions as a ground that, nevertheless, perpetually poses problems for human freedom. The book starts by taking seriously Hegel’s characterization of nature as monstrous, a register at odds with the comprehensive order demanded by conceptual thought. The book then critically reads Hegel against Hegel: it analyzes what such a conception of nature must mean in terms of his notions of finite subjectivity and socio-political freedom. The book reveals that Hegelian nature holds a paradoxical status in his late philosophy. As an anterior precondition, it is crucial to the emergence of free self-relating subjectivity. Yet, it also threatens freedom’s subjective structure with destruction: biological disease, psychopathology, and symptomatic tensions within the body politic. The book demonstrates the importance of the ambivalent significations of Hegel’s Naturphilosophie for the entirety of his final system. Indeed, the problem of nature resides at the core of his project of freedom. Hegel, therefore, presents our contemporary world with a strikingly relevant position, one that forces us to rethink not only our received understanding of his philosophy, but our situation within the world. His system can be used to think the timely philosophical problems revolving around the nature-culture distinction to great effects that are still to be exhaustively explored. This potential constitutes the intrinsic merit of the book.
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Hook, Sharon, Graeme Batley, Michael Holloway, Paul Irving i Andrew Ross, red. Oil Spill Monitoring Handbook. CSIRO Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486306350.
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Oil spills can be difficult to manage, with reporting frequently delayed. Too often, by the time responders arrive at the scene, the slick has moved, dissolved, dispersed or sunk. This Oil Spill Monitoring Handbook provides practical advice on what information is likely required following the accidental release of oil or other petroleum-based products into the marine environment.
The book focuses on response phase monitoring for maritime spills, otherwise known as Type I or operational monitoring. Response phase monitoring tries to address the questions – what? where? when? how? how much? – that assist responders to find, track, predict and clean up spills, and to assess their efforts. Oil spills often occur in remote, sensitive and logistically difficult locations, often in adverse weather, and the oil can change character and location over time. An effective response requires robust information provided by monitoring, observation, sampling and science.
The Oil Spill Monitoring Handbook completely updates the Australian Maritime Safety Authority’s 2003 edition of the same name, taking into account the latest scientific advances in physical, chemical and biological monitoring, many of which have evolved as a consequence of major oil spill disasters in the last decade. It includes sections on the chemical properties of oil, the toxicological impacts of oil exposure, and the impacts of oil exposure on different marine habitats with relevance to Australia and elsewhere. An overview is provided on how monitoring integrates with the oil spill response process, the response organisation, the use of decision-support tools such as net environmental benefit analysis, and some of the most commonly used response technologies. Throughout the text, examples are given of lessons learned from previous oil spill incidents and responses, both local and international.
General guidance of spill monitoring approaches and technologies is augmented with in-depth discussion on both response phase and post-response phase monitoring design and delivery. Finally, a set of appendices delivers detailed standard operating procedures for practical observation, sample and data collection.
The Oil Spill Monitoring Handbook is essential reading for scientists within the oil industry and environmental and government agencies; individuals with responder roles in industry and government; environmental and ecological monitoring agencies and consultants; and members of the maritime sector in Australia and abroad, including officers in ports, shipping and terminals.