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1
Alekseev, Оleksii. "Rural memoirs of Southern Ukraine of the 20th century : prosopographic approach". Universum Historiae et Archeologiae 4, nr 1 (25.12.2021): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/26210402.
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The aim : to consider the application of prosopographic approaches in the study of biographies of authors of peasant memoirs in order to identify common features that laid the conditions for the emergence of memoir practices among the peasants of the Southern Ukraine in the 20th century; to analyze the potential of prosopography for researching general processes. The article considers the application of the prosopographic method to the study of biographies of authors of peasant memoirs in order to identify common features that created conditions for the emergence of memoir practices among the peasants of southern Ukraine in the twentieth century. Modern historical science suggests that individuals having their own little life stories are present behind all processes and events. New directions and principles of historical research are becoming increasingly important. The prosopographic method is one of them. Under prosopography we understand the scientific method of studying individual biographies of authors of historical sources in order to create a “collective biography” of a certain social group on their basis. Methods: analytical, historical, comparative, system-structural. The article author uses methods of specific scientific activity, empirical research and general logic. Practical meaning: recommended for use by scholars for historical research; provides opportunities for the use of this issue in theoretical and methodological and source studies. Originality: research, in particular on the choice of research source base and methodology of its analysis. Scientific novelty: creation of a collective portrait of a peasant author of a memoir source. Conclusions: on the basis of the analysis with the involvement of prosopographic research methods we have the opportunity to create a conditional collective portrait of a peasant of the Southern Ukraine of the twentieth century, the author of the memoir. When creating a “biography” of a peasant author, the following features are distinguished: common social origin, primary education, teaching and educational skills, psychological characteristics, propensity for creative activity, external influences. The materials collected by the researchers from the Zaporizhzhia branch of the NASU Institute of Ukrainian Archaeography and Source Studies named after M. S. Hrushevsky and the History Faculty of the Zaporizhzhia National University and published as a part of collections titled “Sources on the History of the Southern Ukraine”, “Antiquities of the Southern Ukraine” and “Ascension Antiquities”, are used as sources in the analysis. The purpose of the current investigation is to identify the causes and conditions that prompted particular peasants of the Southern Ukraine to create their own historical narrative – memoirs. Another goal is to create a “collective portrait” of an average author using prosopographic methods. The article investigates through the analysis of biographies the background of peasant authors, which singled them out from the general mass of peasants. It also highlights an “average author” as a “historical figure” and analyzes his attribution to a particular era, place, social group and culture. The use of prosopographic methods in the study of biographies of Southern Ukrainian peasants, who distinguished themselves by creating their own memoirs, allows to determine those aspects of the era and the position of the little man who chose to create their own historical excursions contrary to general trends and understanding the risks of totalitarian system. The creation of prosopographical (collective biographies) portraits of peasant authors is a very important component of the reproduction of general processes that created the conditions for the emergence of peasant narrative sources. The author tries to highlight the modern era in all its aspects through the prism of individual biographies and works of peasant authors. Type of article: scientific and theoretical.
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Demska-Budzuliak, Lesia. "AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL UTOPIA OF NATALIA ROMANOVYCH-TKACHENKO". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary Studies. Linguistics. Folklore Studies, nr 33 (2023): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2659.2023.33.09.
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The article is devoted to researching the work of N. Romanovych-Tkachenko, a representative of the generation of female writers of Soviet Ukraine in the 1920s, from the perspective of gender discourse. Women's literature of Soviet Ukraine in the 1920s-1930s is an understudied and not updated phenomenon of the Ukrainian literary process of that time. Most of the texts of women writers were unnoticed by literary critics, and the problems that were raised in their texts turned out to be "uninteresting" for the then, generally male, literary critics. Instead, we note the emergence of a new generation of women writers in Ukrainian literature, formed not only by the national tradition, but also by the first wave of European feminism. They radicalize the women's issue and put forward other, unlike their predecessors, aesthetic demands on artistic texts. At the same time, it was women writers who continued the traditions of modern Ukrainian literature, in particular bright individual writing. Most of them told the reader about their biographies for the first time in the form of memories, diaries, memoirs. The peculiarity of these biographies is that they reveal a striking discrepancy between the expectations of women from the gender policy of the Bolsheviks and the revolutionary, post-revolutionary reality. We can see two biographies of the writer by comparing the artistic texts and autobiographical memories of N. Romanovych-Tkachenko. One of them is imaginary, constructed by the author on the basis of her own life project, and the second is real, as the writer lived. These two biographies in different genre forms are presented in the writer's work. Imaginary biography is described in the experience of the characters of fictional texts, while real biography is represented by the memoir genre, in particular, the diaries and memoirs of the author. The difference between these two life scenarios shaped the feminist outlook of N. Romnovich-Tkachenko and many other modern women writers.
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Longair, Malcolm. "Editorial". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 62 (styczeń 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2016.0023.
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Welcome to volume 62 of Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society , the 2016 edition. It is a particular honour to take over as Editor-in-Chief of Biographical Memoirs since I have long valued the excellent biographies written by our colleagues to celebrate the lives of Fellows of the Society. I have had the experience of writing three memoirs and so fully appreciate the effort needed to create a lasting memorial to those commemorated.
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Raghunath, Anita. "I’m So Bored with the USA: Reflecting America in British Punk Memoirs of the 1970s". European Journal of Life Writing 11 (21.04.2022): 70–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/ejlw.11.38650.
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In recent years there have been an increasing number of biographies and autobiographies written by the leading figures of the British punk scene of the Seventies and Eighties. As we pass the 40th anniversary of 1977, it can be argued that the British punk scene has also ‘come of age’ in academia with a number of retrospectives that examine not only the contemporary impact of punk in the Seventies but also the legacy of the punk movement in shaping British culture.
With a focus on John Lydon’s text Rotten: No Irish, No Blacks, No Dogs (1993) and Viv Albertine’s Clothes, Clothes, Clothes. Music, Music, Music. Boys, Boys, Boys (2014), this article will examine how these autobiographies draw attention to ways in which the British sub-cultural scene offered a platform through which British culture and identity could be reassessed as anti-American and anti-capitalist. This study will also highlight to what extent the self-reflexive framing of these personal narratives within the larger political, cultural and social landscape, can be read as a characteristic feature of the British punk memoir. Through these texts it is possible to uncover the pivotal role of the British punk scene in the development of a counter cultural identity that mirrored changes in the contemporary national identity. As such, punk memoirs, biographies and autobiographies not only give perspectives on a subversive youth cultural scene but, perhaps more importantly, can offer unique insights into the evolution of post-imperial British identity.
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Eninn, Theresah Patrine. "Memory, innocence and nostalgia: other versions of African childhood in two African texts". Journal of the British Academy 10s2 (2022): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/jba/010s2.265.
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There are a number of memoirs/autobiographies and biographies by African writers on their childhoods in Africa. However, many of these texts tend to focus mostly on the child protagonist�s experiences of colonialism, slavery, war, death and deprivation. This article moves away from these narratives of deprivation and trauma, focusing on other versions of African childhoods where the child lives a carefree life devoid of danger and scarcity of resources. Using Camara Laye�s The Dark Child and Wole Soyinka�s Ak�: The Years of Childhood and doing a textual analysis of the content, themes and characters, this article argues that these texts can be read as recollections of nostalgia and memories of a carefree time in the life of two African children, a time that the narrators reminisce upon through the act of retelling in order to revisit the joys and innocence of those days.
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Shchukina, Ulyana O. "Family records of Borisov-Vityazev peasant kin of the mid 19th to 20th centuries". Vestnik of Kostroma State University 28, nr 2 (12.05.2022): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2022-28-2-29-41.
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The article is dedicated to the problem of keeping family records by several generations of the peasant family. In the course of the study, diaries and biographies of Borisov-Vityazev, a good kin representing the local lore tradition of Solvychegodsk locality of Vologda Province (nowadays, Krasnoborsk district of Arkhangelsk Region) have been examined. When studying the content of the materials, the general subject and genre features of the recordings were distinguished. The conducted research allowed to establish that within one peasant family, diaries with exclusively practical significance had eventually passed into the category of memoirs with reflexive and ethical principles – personal notes had replaced the pragmatic function of diaries.
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Isański, Jakub, i Marek Nowak. "Auto-biographies of Ukrainian war refugees. From forced migration to anchoring". Studia Politologiczne, nr 2/2023(68) (20.06.2023): 209–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2023.68.12.
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This article aims to present the Ukrainian war refugees’ experience. Twenty-one interviews focused on autobiographical memoirs of Ukrainian war refugees were collected during the field research project in Poland and Germany in the summer and autumn of 2022. The text aimed to point out the peculiarities of Ukrainian refugeeism in the context of its specificity related to the evolution of the phenomenon of migration and forced migration over recent years in Central Europe. The content was analyzed for the fleeing and adaptive context of personal experience. It considers social ties, including family ties, which appeared in the interviewees’ statements. The studied material insights into the course of the war in Ukraine in 2022 from the perspective of civilians. It shows numerous and diverse examples of survival and adaptation activities under armed attacks, during the evacuation, border crossing, and anchoring in the places of their new residence. Due to the dominance of women in the sample, these examples can contribute to the analysis of the specificity of female migration, which differs from the previous profiles of economic migration in the region.
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Lasa Álvarez, Begoña. "Constructing a portrait of the early-modern woman writer for eighteenth-century female readers: George Ballard’s Memoirs of Several Ladies of Great Britain (1752)". Sederi, nr 25 (2015): 105–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34136/sederi.2015.5.
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George Ballard’s Memoirs of Several Ladies of Great Britain (1752) is of special relevance to the study of early-modern women writers and their subsequent reception, since it contains details of the lives and writings of a considerable number of these women. This type of publication responded to the demand for educative works in general, and particularly to a growing female audience. Thus its chief goal was to provide readers with exemplary models of behaviour. Within the theoretical framework of women’s studies and literary biography, the biographies of these women writers are analysed in order to determine whether their lives and careers as writers were in keeping with the didactic purpose of such texts, and the extent to which the fact of being women shaped their biographical portraits.
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Hridina, Anastasia, i Nadiya Temirova. "The Problem of Building the Armed Forces in the Memoirs of Contemporaries of the Ukrainian Revolution in 1917-1921". Scientific Papers of the Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University. Series: History, nr 40 (czerwiec 2022): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2411-2143-2022-40-131-138.
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The aim of the article is to analyze the memoirs of contemporaries and direct participants in the revolutionary events in 1917-1921. Attention is focused on the process of formation of the Ukrainian Armed Forces - the mainstay of the Ukrainian Central Council. The memoirs of active participants of the national Ukrainian movement - V. Vynnychenko, M. Hrushevsky, D. Doroshenko are taken as a basis. Memoirs of representatives of other camps of revolutionary competitions - the white movement of I. Mazepa, A. Denikin, the Bolshevik camp - E. Bosch, V. Atonov-Ovsienko were studied for a more objective coverage of the research topic. Memoirs are presented as book publications, thematic collections, author's biographies, magazine and newspaper publications. Materials of the State Archives of Donetsk region are also involved, which allow to present the peculiarities of the course of events in Donetsk region. The methodological basis of the study were general scientific methods of comparison and analysis. In preparation for publication, the leading methods were historical-comparative, synchronous and retrospective. The use of the mentioned scientific methods allowed to analyze the sources and draw conclusions about the scientific problem. The scientific novelty of the study is that the researcher attempted to analyze available memoirs on the formation of the Ukrainian armed forces - the mainstay of the Ukrainian Central Council. Conclusions. Memoirs show that, on the one hand, from the first days of the revolution, a spontaneous movement began among Ukrainian servicemen - the creation of Ukrainian committees, communities, clubs, tendencies to create Ukrainian military units, even the idea of creating a united Ukrainian front. On the other hand, the leaders of the Ukrainian revolution did not have a more or less clear idea of the attitude to the army, the prospect of creating their own armed forces. The Central Council could not determine its position on this issue for fear of spoiling relations with the Provisional Government. Disputes within the Ukrainian movement, in particular between M. Hrushevsky and M. Mikhnovsky, and distrust of representatives of the military command, in particular P. Skoropadsky, also affected this solution. The latter in his memoirs describes in detail the vicissitudes of the creation of the Ukrainian corps in the Russian army. In general, according to the authors of the memoirs, the Ukrainian government has failed to organize a real military force in Ukraine that could resist the enemy. All contemporaries assess the armed forces of Ukraine as weak, disorganized, chaotic. Most saw this as the fault of the Central Council, which failed to coordinate its actions properly and began an open conflict with the Russian government. Memoirs of the Bolsheviks reflect the process of formation on the ground (mostly in cities and workers' settlements of eastern and southern Ukraine) units of the Red Guard from local workers.
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Orekhovsky, Petr. "Economic History of the Later USSR: New Pluralism (About the Books of Nikolai Mitrokhin and the Manifesto «The Crystal of Growth. Toward the Russian Economic Miracle»)". Issues of Economic Theory 19, nr 2 (29.05.2023): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.52342/2587-7666vte_2023_2_174_183.
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The work is devoted to the characterization of two recent works on the economic history of the USSR, which use a fundamentally different approach to describing the Soviet reality. N. Mitrokhin's two-volume edition uses interviews, biographies of representatives of the Soviet elite, and memoirs. In general, his analysis is based on economic sociology and is based on the hypothesis of the rationality of the behavior of Soviet leaders interested in the growth and prosperity of their industries and the USSR as a whole. In the joint work of A. Galushka, A. Niyazmetov, M. Okulov, an implicit hypothesis is introduced about the incompetence and dominance of private, individual interests of Soviet leaders. Formally, they use institutional analysis, but the models identified in the book are identified with individual historical periods in the life of Russia and the USSR and are not comparable. Each of the works under consideration is of great interest, and together they characterize the trend towards continued fragmentation of modern economic history.
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Vizgin, Vladimir. "The Golden Years of the History of Physics at the S. I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences". Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki 43, nr 4 (2022): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020596060022967-5.
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Based on the scientific biographical approach, the history of physics at the Institute for the History of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences is presented in the article as a succession of scientific biographies of prominent historians of physical science with their main scientific accomplishments and historiographic conceptions. About a dozen such leaders were singled out, including several physicists and philosophers of science. Scientific seminars, periodicals and main collective works of historians of physics as well as their participation in the international congresses on the history of science are considered. The period from the mid-1960s to the mid-1980s is shown to be the “golden twenty years” of the history of physics at the Institute. The article includes the fragments of the author’s memoirs.
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Hoar, Peter. "REVIEW: Opening shot over the parapet". Pacific Journalism Review 20, nr 1 (31.05.2014): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v20i1.197.
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Book review of: The great adventure ends: New Zealand and France on the Western Front, edited by Nathalie Phillippe, Chris Puglsey, John Crawford & Matthias Strohn, Christchurch: John Douglas Publishing, 2013. 424 pp. ISBN 9780987666581This volume is another shot in the bombardment of books about the Great War that marks the 2014 centenary of the start of the ‘war to end all wars’. This literary big push includes novels, graphic novels, histories, biographies, memoirs and diaries written for specialists and the general public. An early publication to pop over the parapet, this collection offers a diverse set of articles that highlight some not so well-known aspects of New Zealand’s involvement on the Western Front during the 1914-18 war. The varied articles in The Great Adventure Ends reflect both the book’s origins in a conference and the variety of ways in which World War I is written about.
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Łazowska, Bożena. "Polish statistical research during the Second World War". Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 62, nr 4 (28.04.2017): 68–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0894.
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The aim of this article is to present the research conducted by the Polish statisticians within 1939—1945. The paper was prepared on the basis of the query in the Central Statistical Archive of CSO and the State Archive of the Capital City of Warsaw, as well as German statistical sources, reports, memoirs, chronicles, press articles, biographies and historical monographs. It presents the work of the Polish statisticians employed by the Statistical Office of General Government in Cracow and the underground statistical research conducted mainly by the Institute of Social Economy under the name of the Central Welfare Council in Warsaw, including especially the effort of Ludwik Landau and Jan Piekalkiewicz. Also, the illegal statistical education and activity of the Government of the Republic of Poland in exile relating to the statistics were discussed. The study shows that under the Nazi occupation Polish statisticians conducted underground statistical research mainly in Cracow and Warsaw and their results were delivered to the structures of the Polish Underground State and to the Polish Government in exile in London.
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Sinova, Irina V. "Self-identification of women in the late 19th – early 20th centuries: an analysis of ego-documents". Historia provinciae – the journal of regional history 6, nr 1 (2022): 164–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/2587-8344-2022-6-1-4.
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The article examines narratives as a historical source and a unique form of information not only about the personality of the author but also about their special individual view on events, facts, people, and their actions. The study demonstrates that by means of assessing and evaluating the events described for compliance with their own ideals, the heroes of biographies transform themselves and their surroundings not so much into an object of narrative proper as into an object of analysis. At the same time, self-identification of the authors of women’s ego-documents is a specific form of attitude towards self, which is reflected in the assessments of everyday life and the characteristics of social reality. Memoirs are a representative source, with the help of which it is possible to retrace self-identification of the authors, i.e. to establish the identity of a person with any social community according to a set of features by means of their comparative study. On the basis of concrete examples, it is shown that self-identification of an individual in narratives largely reflects the features of the development of society as a whole and its problems. Comparative analysis of the memoirs of M. Bock, M. Kschessinska, M. Klyucheva, A. Ostroumova-Lebedeva, and M. Tenisheva, made it possible to consider the issues of self-identification based on gender, social status, level of material wealth, professional and social activities, and the attitude to social reality, including the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05 and the Russian Revolution of 1905–07. The memoirs under analysis indicate that the priorities identified in the narration of the events of the memoirists’ lives are largely a reflection of their gender identity and also demonstrate a gradual expansion of the scope of women’s activities and the perception of this trend by society. The memoirists appear as independent, mature personalities, whose self-identification has common and specific features. The latter, among other things, being dependent on mentality and life priorities, determine the means to achieve the goals.
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Zayarna, Iryna. "«LIANOZOVIAN TEXT» IN THE GENRIKH SAPGIR’S POETICAL WORKS: METALITERARY AND INTERMEDIATE ASPECTS". Fìlologìčnì traktati 15, nr 1 (2023): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/ftrk.2023.15(1)-7.
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The article examines the specifics of reflecting the history and artistic practice of the Lianozovo non-conformist artistic group in the G. Saphir's poetic cycles «The End and the Beginning» and «The New Lianozovo». The peculiarities of the deployment of the memoir component, fragments of biographies of the association's participants and autobiographical material are determined.To reconstruct elements of the creative strategies of the underground representatives–artists and writers Saphir applies the techniques of intermediality and metalliterature methods. A number of images, landscape sketches, reduced ekphrasis correspond with O.Rabin's minimalist painting and «concrete» poetry by the Lianozovites and reproduce the range of problems of so-called «barrack» literature –social troubles, restrictions of freedom in a totalitarian country, poor and disorderly life, extreme devaluation of human life, and ultimately, the absurdity of existence as a whole. G. Saphir uses the intertext by the Lianozovites (E. Kropivnitsky, I. Kholin and his own pretexts). The author resorts to the reconstruction of certain methods of the Lianozovo school such as minimalism, «protocol writing», grotesque, absurdism and applies them in depicting the realities of life in the 90s. At the same time, the connection with the concrete poetry is diversified by a wide range of traditions –from game poetry, known since ancient times, to the artistic practice of oberiuts and the later methodology of conceptual performances.The complex multi-layered text created by the writer is a kind of version of a poetic memoirs and at the same time reveals the characteristic features of his idiostyle –game poetics, an attitude to experiment, metaphysical viewpoint of world perception.
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Alimdzhanov, Bakhtiyor A. "RUSSIANS IN TURKESTAN: ADAPTING TO THE LOCAL CULTURE OR SERVING IN THE NAME OF EMPIRE BUILDING?" Ural Historical Journal 83, nr 2 (2024): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2024-2(83)-113-120.
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The article considers the cultural adaptation of two generations of the Russian population in Turkestan. The biographies of the “first Turkestanians” — the diplomat (N. Petrovsky), military man and scientist (V. P. Nalivkin), missionary (N. P. Ostroumov), military man and administrator (N. S. Lykoshin) — are presented as examples of cultural adaptation to local realities. The biographies of these people catch a pattern: they were born in European Russia, came to Turkestan when they were young to make a career, taught and knew local languages and culture well. The main motivation for their actions can be describe as desire to serve faithfully and honestly to the interests of the Russian Empire in the East. Conditionally, we call them the first generation of Turkestan Russians who worked for the benefit and strengthening of the empire. The author also drew upon personal cards of bank employees of the “second generation of Turkestanians” who were actively involved in the socio-economic life of Russian Turkestan. The author believes that the views of the first generation of Russians on local culture were orientalist and Messianic. The first generation of “Turkestanians” dreamed of merging cultures and integrating the local economy into the general imperial one. The second generation of Russians, who were born in Turkestan, radically differed from the first generation, and was less orientalist, and they had almost no elements of exclusivity and Messianism. Russians born in Turkestan learned languages faster, adapted to the local culture, received education in Tashkent and Kokand, worked in local government and financial structures. When writing the article, the author used unpublished archival materials of the Russian Federation and Uzbekistan, memoirs, as well as personal correspondence of diplomats and military personnel.
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Zaworska-Nikoniuk, Dorota. "Analysis of biographies of alcohol-addicted women in the memoirs of their daughters (based on letters of adult daughters of alcoholics)". Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 621, nr 6 (30.06.2023): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7509.
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This study reconstructs the major biographical themes in the stories of daughters of alcohol-dependent women relating to their mothers. In particular, the article concerns the daughters experience of the mothers alcoholic disease, the phenomenon of violence in the family and the change in the mothers behaviour during attempts at addiction treatment. The research sample consisted of ten letters from adult daughters of alcoholic mothers written to their mothers as a part of the treatment of co-dependency and published in the daily press and on portals addressed to adult children of alcoholics. A biographical approach (a thematic type) was used in the research study. The analysis and interpretation of the letters based on their content revealed that alcoholic mothers managed to keep the family unaware of the disease for a long time, usually until the childs early adolescence or adulthood, especially when non-drinking fathers compensated for the lack of maternal care. The mothers exclusion from housework contributed to the emergence of the phenomenon of parentification (instrumental and emotional) among the daughters, who took over a significant part of the parental duties they showed mechanisms characteristic of the family heroine and the supporter. During the alcoholic binges, the mothers used drastic forms of physical and psychological violence against their daughters and husbands. Such violence often extended into the childrens adult life. Addicted women did not attempt treatment for a long time due to internal barriers (in their consciousness), and they did not identify with the image of an alcoholic (perceived by them and representatives of social services in a stereotypical way). They hid and ignored their problem, despite receiving support from their life partners and daughters in the recovery process.
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Panyukova, Tatiana V. "Factual Sources in Research on the Biography of Fyodor Dostoevsky: From Documents to Facts and Interpretation". Dostoevsky and World Culture. Philological journal, nr 4 (2020): 158–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2619-0311-2020-4-158-196.
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The article contains new facts that clarify or complete some particulars in the biographies of 13 persons from Dostoevsky’s milieu. Some facts derive from documentary sources discovered through archival research: Aleksandr Isaev’s metric records, the birth and death in Darovoe of the infant Simeon, the illegitimate son of Mikhail Dostoevsky, the first marriage and divorce of Dostoevsky’s son Fyodor Fedorovich, the death of the writer’s sister-in-law Sof’ia Constant, and an excerpt from the memoirs of Ekaterina Alexandrovna, wife of Konstantin Pobedonostsev, about her acquaintance with Dostoevsky. The combination of archival research and textual analysis of the writer’s manuscripts and correspondence allowed us to suppose his possible acquaintance with Fyodor Bychkov, the founder of the grammar school for boys in St. Petersburg where the writer’s son was later enrolled, and with the aspiring writer Lydia Lamovskaya. Finally, the article investigates the name “Lizaveta Kuzminichna” recurring three times in different Dostoevsky’s autographs. The name works as a code for the writer’s unidentified personal associations going back to his childhood in Moscow, and is linked to his parents’ friends, the Shchirovsky family. These examples show that even today, archival work, search for new factual sources, and “small observations” over the texts remain fruitful and promising methods for research of both biographical and interpretative nature.
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Ptaszyński, Radosław. "Leon Weintraub ocalały dla pojednania". Polish Biographical Studies 10, nr 1 (2022): 287–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/pbs.2022.11.
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The group of Auschwitz survivors is numerous and rapidly shrinking. However, the accounts (could use: biographies, memoirs, recollections, stories, etc.) of those who experienced it are remarkable and still worthy of study. Moreover, testimonies from the time of the Annihilation (or Holocaust) – a message with a great weight of emotion and a particular feature of the great history, make the material collected in this way can serve as an invaluable contribution to expanding knowledge and analysis for future generations. Naturally, the educational issue is also important, although the focus will be on the cognitive role. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the fate of the life of an outstanding physician, a Polish Jew from Lodz, Leon Weintraub, who “started” his life anew three times – at the time of his birth in 1926, his liberation from the Nazi camps, and his expulsion from the country as part of the anti-Semitic campaign of March 1968. It seems that the study of the fate of an individual’s life under totalitarian systems, using the oral history method and confronting other sources, makes it possible to create a biographical sketch that is not just a collection of dry facts but enriched with elements of personal emotions, sensitivities, and feelings.
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Rutherford, Annabel. "The Triumph of the Veiled Dance: The Influence of Oscar Wilde and Aubrey Beardsley on Serge Diaghilev's Creation of the Ballets Russes". Dance Research 27, nr 1 (maj 2009): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0264287509000267.
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The tremendous impact that Serge Diaghilev's Ballets Russes made on twentieth-century western arts has been well documented by scholars. Rarely has a theatre art made such an impact on society. And this influence spread beyond theatre directors, composers, costume designers, artists and performers to literature. Diaghilev caught the attention of such writers as Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Jean Cocteau, the Sitwells, Leonard Woolf, indeed, the Bloomsbury group in general, T. S. Eliot, Rupert Brooke, E. M. Forster, and, of course, D. H. Lawrence, too. While this has all been noted in biographies and memoirs, few scholars have considered the possible reasons behind the company's creation. Why would a man who had aligned himself with sumptuous and highly successful art exhibitions and demonstrated such strong passion for opera turn to ballet? Any attempt to answer such a question requires an exploration of the events in Diaghilev's life from his St. Petersburg years to the Paris years and early seasons of the Ballets Russes (1895–1913). Two names recur throughout these years: Oscar Wilde and Aubrey Beardsley – in person, in writing, and in spirit. A review of Diaghilev's career between 1895 and 1913 together with a textual study of some early ballets suggest that Wilde and Beardsley may have had a stronger influence on Diaghilev and the creation of the Ballets Russes than has previously been noticed.
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S. D., Bandara. "The Inception of the Film Adaptations Based on the Novels, in the Sri Lankan Cinema". Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 08, nr 02 (1.07.2023): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v08i02.03.
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Filmmakers often pursue other source materials to discover inspiration for their narratives and create feature filmmaking in an important way on true events and fictional stories. A film adaptation is a cinematic work, adapted from a work of fiction or nonfiction. Common fiction source materials include novels, short stories, stage plays, radio plays, television series, comics, or video games, while nonfiction sources are memoirs, biographies, or works of journalism. International filmmaking regularly uses an existing work of art as inspiration for their art, and the Film Awards even have an entire screenwriting category devoted to film adaptations such as Best Adapted Screenplay Award. In Sri Lanka, the film adaptation has been practiced for seven decades to date, and its inception is marked in 1953 with the film ‘Kela Handa’ alias "The Wild Moon" based on the novel of the same name first published in 1933. There are 10 film adaptations from 1953 to 1959 and seems ‘Kela Handa’ has created a trend-setting introduction. Where Sri Lankan Cinema has a span of 1350 locally produced films released since 1947 to date, the film adaptations are over 100 in the list. ‘Kela Handa’ adapts the best-selling novel of the same name and reflects the interplay between the two mediums, without compromising the prominent egos of the Sri Lankan first filmmaker and the Sri Lankan best-selling novelist.
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Afanaseva, I. A. "V.E. Makovsky and Russian Writers of the 19th Century. Previously Unknown Materials". Art & Culture Studies, nr 2 (czerwiec 2023): 156–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.51678/2226-0072-2023-2-156-187.
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The Peredvizhnik artist Vladimir Makovsky (1846–1920) went down in history of Russian art as a recognized master of “small genre”, the author of a short entertaining story in painting. This article for the first time analyses the parallels between the artworks of V. Makovsky and texts of Russian writers of the 19th century — N. Gogol, I. Turgenev, L. Tolstoy, M. Gorky, and A. Chekhov. Based on the analysis of memoirs of contemporaries and materials from periodical press, the author comes to the conclusion that many paintings by V. Makovsky could be inspired by the texts of Russian literature of the 19th century. The language of his paintings is often in unison with the literary words. In the texts of each of the writers, the master found something for himself: he was attracted by the lyrical beginning in I. Turgenev’s stories, in the texts by N. Gogol he found humour and social satire, in the literary works by L. Tolstoy — the theses of humanism. The present article is based on the comparison of verbal and visual works, iconographic parallels, the analysis of form and style, and the study of the biographies of writers and the artist. The research methodology includes the comparative approach and the social history of art. The article introduces into scientific circulation a large number of previously unpublished materials of the periodical press. An important part of this research is the review and analysis of art history texts by both Russian and foreign scientists.
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Bentounsi, Ikram Aya, i Meriem Boughachiche. "Porosity and Movement in Life Stories". Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 15, nr 2 (6.03.2024): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2024-0017.
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Fueled by intellectual curiosity, literary discourse oscillates between factual and fictional narratives. Continually nourished by reality and imagination, it reflects a binary rhythm of representativeness and subjectivity. This work analyzes the biographical genre to explore the shift in rhetorical boundaries and representations in self-narratives. It examines various techniques writers use to reclaim the territory of intimate stories and lives. Infusing these narratives with meaning and unity aims to bridge the gap between the individual and the world. Awarding the Nobel Prize for Literature to feminist writer Annie Ernaux highlights the growing interest in the biographical genre. Ernaux, known for placing intimacy at the heart of her work, brings attention to this genre that often navigates through narratives marked by left-wing and 'politically correct' perspectives. Consequently, the genre emerges as a vital participant in the world's progress, establishing self-literature that withstands the test of time. A cross-study of various life stories — including intimate narratives, extremist views, self-portraits, memoirs, autobiographical novels, autofictions, and travel stories — enables us to understand the porosity and movement within this expansive genre. By presenting and juxtaposing different biographies, writers create a space for interaction, allowing the lives of others to permeate our understanding. Consequently, the biographical genre, serving as a mediating force, and the concept of otherness as mediation are reexamined within the fictional landscape of the human mind.
Received: 10 January 2023 / Accepted: 29 February 2024 / Published: 6 March 2024
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Zekri Masson, Souhir. "Autobiography through Anecdotes in Joe Pieri’s Isle Of The Displaced". European Journal of Life Writing 11 (21.04.2022): AN120—AN134. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/ejlw.11.38661.
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Associated with such life writing genres as (auto)biographies and memoirs, anecdotes are described as stories which “illustrate particular ideas, concepts, and views of the way a life is lived, making considerable editorial commentary on the nature of a particular ideological moment and the effect of that moment on individual lives.”(Encyclopedia of Life Writing) Anecdotes thus focus on, and highlight, episodes of a person’s life by transforming them into tales and stories using fictional narrative techniques and suspenseful plot twists.
Having emigrated from Italy to Scotland at the beginning of the twentieth century and established his fish and chip shop in Glasgow, Joe Pieri was then interned and turned into an “enemy alien” on the day Italy declared war on Britain in 1940. In Isle of the Displaced, his book about this traumatic event, Pieri turns the most marking aspects of his journey to, and life in “Camp S” in Canada into a series of witty and comic anecdotes. This paper focuses on the definitions and history of anecdotal theory in order to analyse Pieri’s fictionalisation strategies and the way these stories function as a psychological dam in times of crisis, in addition to re-inscribing these important events in British and Italian histories. The main contention of this article is that the appeal of fiction increases during life’s most difficult times mainly thanks to the imaginative and tragic-comic powers of literariness.
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Minkova, Kristina. "The Problem of Choosing the Candidate of the New U.S. Ambassador in the USSR in 1941–1942 (According to New Archival Documents)". Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, nr 2 (kwiecień 2022): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.2.5.
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Introduction. Differences in views with the US Ambassador to the USSR L. Steinhardt and the military situation in the USSR forced the President of the United States F.D. Roosevelt to approach the search for subsequent candidates for the post of ambassador to the USSR in the fall of 1941 more carefully. Methods and materials. The analysis of documents deposited in the Roosevelt Presidential library, memoirs of the ambassadors and their biographies can explain the appointment of Standley to Moscow and to determine his contestants. Analysis. Ambassador Steinhardt left Moscow in early November 1941, but the new ambassador was appointed only on February 13, 1942. The delay was caused both by the controversy surrounding the candidates prinvosed by the President and the reluctance of some of them to accept the prinvosed position. President Roosevelt strove to ensure that this responsible post was occupied by peinvle loyal to him, who fully shared his views on rapprochement with Moscow through unilateral concessions. The State Department opposed candidates who supported this policy. In 1941–1942, the post of the U.S. ambassador to the USSR could have been granted to the Soviet spy A. Stern, famous for his pro-Soviet views General Faymonville, General J. Burns from the Lend-Lease Administration. None of these candidates was supported by the Department of State, and as a result, a compromise figure of Admiral Standley was found to satisfy both sides. Results. The mistrust and disrespect of Roosevelt and the Soviet leadership towards Steinhardt and Standley significantly reduced the effectiveness of interaction between the USA and the USSR in 1941–1943. As a result of confrontation between the President and the Department of State, inexperienced diplomats who occupied an unstable intermediate position between these two poles became US ambassadors to the Soviet Union.
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Dolzhenkova, Tatyana I. "The Problem of Scientific Approach to Studying Genealogy of the Muralist Sculptor, People's Artist of Russia V. M. Klykov". Herald of an archivist, nr 2 (2021): 615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2021-2-615-625.
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The famous Soviet and Russian sculptor V. M. Klykov (1939-2006), winner of state prizes of the RSFSR and the USSR, People's Artist of Russia, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, was an ambiguous figure in the eyes of his contemporaries. His caught the attention not only of professional critics, but also of ordinary people. Many publications and memoirs dedicated to the sculptor had been published during his lifetime. However, V. M. Klykov himself gave contradictory information on the history of his family in his interviews. At the same time, a complete and objective assessment of his life and work and his role in art is impossible without studying his social origin and family history, which determined the relevance of this work. Until now, the history of the Klykov family has been reconstructed from stories and memoirs of those who knew him personally. The study has also been hampered by the fact that there are misconceptions about V. M. Klykov’s ancestors that often spring from desire to create a certain image that fits the worldview of the famous sculptor. The purpose of the study has been to identify and analyze the documentary sources on the subject: archival materials, documents from the museum collection and periodicals. The fonds of the State Archive of the Kursk Region (GAKO) have provided most sources. However, destruction of the archives during the Civil War and the Nazi occupation resulted in a lack of documents and photographs from the early 20th century. Some information has been found in databases available on the Internet. A number of documents are being introduced into scientific use for the first time. The study is based on the key principles of historicism, consistency, and objectivity, which allows the author to avoid mythologization of the sculptor. Comparative analysis of the identified sources has allowed the author to trace V. M. Klykov’s genealogy up to the mid-19th century, to identify the names of his ancestors, to note the family’s difficult fate through the pivots of Russian history, to determine V. M. Klykov’s ancestors and to explore their biographies, achievements, and social status. Several representatives of the Klykov family have been identified, who showed themselves worthily in the military service of the Fatherland. In addition, the author has refuted the tale of the sculptor's grandfather ‘s de-kulakization and persecution by the Soviet power. The author concludes that peasant origin and environment in which the sculptor grew up left an imprint on his worldview, and therefore, on the theme of his monumental creativity and ideas that he defended in public life.
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Brailian, Nadiia. "Ukrainian student journals of the interwar period in the Czechoslovak Republic as a source for the martyrologist of Ukrainian emigration". Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, nr 10(28) (styczeń 2020): 87–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2020-10(28)-7.
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The article investigates periodicals of Ukrainian students in the Czechoslovakia in the 1920s and 1930s — reveals 19 titles of journals that were published in the cities of the largest concentration of academic youth: Prague, Podebrady, and Brno. A list of these publications in alphabetical order, indicating the place of publication and the years of publication, is given in Appendix 1. All of these journals were reviewed de visu and analyzed for biographical publications on Ukrainians who died and were buried in the Czechoslovak Republic. The following materials have been found on the pages of five student publications, namely: «Ukrainsky Student» (Prague, 1920, 1922—1924) — contains 3 publications, «Studentsky Vistnyk» (Prague, 1923—1931) — 15, «Zhyttia» (Prague, 1924—1926) — 1, «Nasha Hromada» (Podebrady, 1924—1926) — 7, and «Natsionalna Dumka» (Prague, 1924—1927) — 5 publications. The deceased’s information was mostly printed in obituaries with more or less detailed biographies, but there were also small essays, memoirs, brief reports of death or funeral, and so on. Often, such information was published under a separate heading called «Memory of the Dead» (or «Posthumous News» or «Obituary»). In general, the pages of these student journals revealed information about 25 Ukrainians who were buried in the Czechoslovak Republic during 1923—1929. Based on the published information, an alphabetical index of these persons with biographical information about them was compiled (25 surnames, «Appendix 2»). The materials found are a valuable (and in many cases, the only) source of biographical information on Ukrainian immigrants who died and are buried in the Czechoslovak Republic, as well as helping to establish and preserve their burial sites. Keywords: Ukrainian students, Ukrainian emigration to the Czechoslovakia, periodicals, interwar period, Ukrainian burials in the Czech Republic.
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Bekhterev, Sergei L., i Lyudmila N. Bekhtereva. "Reconstruction of the Biography of G. K. Ozhigov in the Context of the Revolutionary Events of 1905–1917 in Russia". Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 26, nr 1 (2024): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2024.26.1.002.
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Referring to regional material, this article actualizes the tradition of studying the biographies of historical figures in the context of an institutional concept, which makes it possible to describe and explain the controversial facts of political history of the new time in the era of mass social movements. The authors aim to reconstruct the later imperial period (until October 1917) of the life of Grigorii Kondratyevich Ozhigov, a representative of the national revolutionary cohort, who took an active part in the events that occurred in the Urals, Ukraine, the Baltics, Finland, and other areas of the former Russian Empire in the late twentieth century. Methodologically, the work relies on the modernization paradigm, the “new social history”, and related everyday discourse, including the anthropological approach, historical, and biographical methods. Since G. K. Ozhigov’s biography studied by a few Ural historians is replete with inaccuracies, the study is based on sources which have never been referred to previously, including official documents, periodicals, sources of personal origin, autobiographies, and memoirs by Ozhigov himself. The documents kept in the fund of the Ozhigov family of the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic are characterized by a complex nature. The study demonstrates that Ozhigov, who came from a peasant family, a worker of Izhevsk factories, managed to rise first to the interregional, and in 1917, to the all-Russian level, reaching the status of a member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the first convocation. In the political sphere, he passed a difficult path of evolution from a militant of the Ural Lbovtsy partisans during the First Russian Revolution of 1905–1907, to a member of the RCP(b) and an active participant in the implementation of the project of the proletarian state.
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Luchinsky, Yury V., Alexander V. Ostashevsky i Olga A. Boltuts. "EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE NEWSPAPER «KAVKAZ» IN THE FIRST DECADE OF THE XX CENTURY: TRANSFORMATION OF THE INFORMATION POLICY". Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology 25, nr 4 (1.12.2021): 194–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1995-640-2021-4-194-206.
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The article is devoted to the consideration of the little-studied period in the history of one of the leading newspapers of the Caucasian region – the newspaper «Kavkaz» – from 1900 to 1910. This is a period of frequent change of editors, whose creative biographies require careful research and reconstruction based on archival data, memoirs, reference and newspaper sources. The study of the existing gap is of undoubted interest for the restoration of the general picture of the development of the regional media landscape in the process of cardinal political, economic and socio-cultural shifts, which are reflected in the publishing policy of the analyzed periodical. The first decade of the XX century was marked by a number of structural transformations in the editorial practices of most of newspapers and magazines of the Russian Empire both in capitals and in individual territories, which, in its turn, was associated with the construction of a new system of native parliamentary system of government with all its costs, the emergence of a radicalized party press, changing the existing censorship format. The newspaper «Kavkaz», published in the capital of a huge region, became a kind of «mirror» of all these transformations, tracking the course of events in its constituent regions and provinces. In a paradoxical way, it combined in its content the position of the regional administration and the political preferences of individual editors, entered into discussions on a number of socially significant issues, actively polemicized not only with competing Tiflis press, including those published in Georgian and Armenian languages, but also with the metropolitan newspapers, including the influential newspaper «Novoye Vremya», edited by A.S. Suvorin in St. Petersburg. The main part of the political activity of the newspaper «Kavkaz» was quite expected in 1906-1907, which coincided with the editorial searches of P.A. Opochinin. In the course of the study, a number of bio-bibliographic facts (years of life, pseudonyms, main publications) were restored by editors M.M. Tebenkov, K.N. Begichev, P.A. Opochinin.
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Juroszek, Weronika. "Witold Pilecki as a caring parent model from the Erik Erikson’s theory perspective". Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio 53, nr 1 (28.03.2023): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1168.
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The subject matter of the paper focuses on the figures of the Steadfast Soldiers as personal role models in upbringing towards higher values. In historical literature, there are many studies dedicated to the Steadfast Soldiers, whereas in psycho-pedagogical literature there have been only a few so far. It is the intention of the author of this paper to reinvigorate scholarly reflection on the educational implications of the biographies of the Steadfast. It is well known that Witold Pilecki, the most famous Steadfast Soldier, was an outstanding patriot. The aim of this paper is to show that he was also a model of a caring parent, inspiring emulation. The article refers to Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, with a particular focus on the virtue of care, which makes it possible to resolve the generativity-stagnation crisis typical for middle adulthood and helps to properly perform the task of raising offspring. According to Erikson, a truly caring parent continually develops a tendency to care about people (primarily their own offspring, but also people in general), objects and ideas. The virtue of care manifests itself by going beyond the needs of the self, by acting for the good of future generations, by being authentic. Care helps to cope with the stagnation manifested by excessive focus on oneself and resentment towards others. It has been shown that Witold Pilecki perfectly fulfilled Erikson’s listed criteria for genuine caring and is thus a personal role model in education for caring parenthood. The paper uses the biography method. Selected studies and source texts describing Pilecki’s life and activities were used, with a special focus on the memoirs of his daughter, Zofia Pilecka-Optułowicz. She portrayed Witold Pilecki as a parent caring for his offspring and other people, a resourceful farmer vigorously engaged in agricultural production and a man devoted to the idea of helping others, selflessly striving to make it a reality.
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Kononova, Olga V. "Portrait Gallery of an Era: on the Pages of Bibliotekovedenie Journal (1952—2021)". Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science] 72, nr 2 (19.06.2023): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2023-72-2-143-154.
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The article is devoted to the study of the publications of biographical direction of the “Bibliotekovedenie” — Russian Journal of Library Science in 1952—2021. The most attention is paid to the analysis of the materials published in the 20th century. It reconstructs the history of the development of biographical materials on the pages of the periodical edition, defines the stages and characteristic features of each of them, presents the forms of biographical publications, reveals the circle of persons engaged in studying biographies of outstanding librarians, as well as the persons who became the objects of the authors’ and editors’ attention. The scientific discipline of humanitarian cycle, biography, is discussed. The authors cite the opinions of scholars (Yu.N. Stolyarov, V.S. Kreydenko, A.N. Vaneev, I.L. Belenkiy, G.G. Silnitskii, etc.) which emphasizes the necessity and significance of studying history through biographical studies. In the 21st century the library and book community has entered with a very developed direction of historical research on biography. While before 1970 there were sporadic publications on people of the library profession, by the end of the 20th century the number of biographical materials had increased significantly. Books and monographs dedicated to librarians appeared, name conferences began to be organized, autobiographical genre began to form, memoirs “in the first person” were published. Various factual and biographical materials have been collected in the journal.During the 15-year period of publication of the collection (bulletin) “Libraries of the USSR. Work Experience” (1952—1966) it published four articles of biographical genre: on the bibliographer A.P. Sokolov; on V.I. Lenin’s elder brother A.I. Ulyanov; the writer V.G. Korolenko and his library; the librarian A.A. Pokrovsky. During the six years (1967—1972), when the collection was published under the title “Libraries of the USSR”, nine articles dedicated to individual outstanding people were published in it. In 1973 the collection was transformed into the scientific and practical journal “Soviet Bibliotekovedenie” (Soviet Library Science). During the twenty years between 1973 and 1992, 128 biographical materials were published, and 96 persons were the subject of attention. Since 1993 the journal has been published under the title “Bibliotekovedenie” (Russian Journal of Library Science). From 1993 to 2000, 59 biographical materials were published in it. Articles of autobiographical genre appeared. For the first time, the interview genre was used. Between 2001 and 2021, 298 biographical materials were published in the journal, and more than 200 persons received attention. Of these, material on 165 persons appeared for the first time.Between 1952 and 2021, a total of over 280 authors published articles of biographical genre. The librarians about whom the greatest number of materials has been published: O.S. Chubarian, N.I. Tyulina, Yu.V. Grigoriev, N.S. Kartashov, K.I. Abramov, A.A. Pokrovsky, M.Ya. Dvorkina, N.A. Rubakin, Yu.N. Stolyarov, L.B. Khavkina, etc.The materials presented in the journal may serve as a basis for further research. The article may be useful for library professionals to intensify research activities in the field of library history through the study of biographies of prominent people.
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Pantyukhina, T. V. "Training of the managerial elite for the British Empire (a case study of public school the United Services College)". Гуманитарные и юридические исследования 10, nr 3 (2023): 440–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2023.3.10.
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Introduction. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that it has not been studied in the national historical science. Meanwhile, the experience of training effective managerial personnel in England in the last third of the XIX – early XX centuries seems worthy of study and reflection. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the problem on the case study of the United Services College, its history and biographies of its most prominent graduates. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that this problem has not been the subject of special research in Russian historiography. Materials and Methods. The sources used for the analyses consist of documents on the history of the school, memoirs of its graduates, Kipling’s novel “Stalky and Co.” based on the writer’s school years, documents of the “Kipling Society”. The following methods were used: narrative, descriptive, comparative. Analysis. The United Services College was founded in 1874 with the aim of providing the sons of military personnel with inexpensive school education and prepare boys to go on to cadet colleges to train for a military career. Mission of the school was to mold “men of action”, to teach patriotism, team spirit, leadership skills. Students were brought up to become practical, efficient, brave and effective leaders. Extra curriculum activities were consistent with these purposes. The rules were strict, physical punishment was an accepted teaching method and bullying was common. The examination oftheUSC graduates’ careers is essential for assessing the effectiveness of students’ preparation for their future services. Results. Despite a rather short history the United Services College provided the country with a large number of military and civil personnel. 468 graduates joined the British Army, nearly all served throughout the Empire. 198 graduates joined the Indian Army, 51 did service in the Royal Navy and associated forces, 308 USC’s graduates worked abroad in civil organizations, often in Colonial Service Some graduates reached high ranks of Admiral or General. During World War I USC’s graduates earned numerous awards and decorations. Many of them including two Generals, died in the war. The careers of the most distinguished USC’s graduates: Kipling and Dunsterville provide an example of the school’s capacity to effectively train boys for the future.
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Klyueva, Irina V. "Elena Alexandrovna Bakhtina: an Attempt to Verify Biographical Information (On the Problem of Creating a Scientific Biography of M. M. Bakhtin)". Humanitarian: actual problems of the humanities and education 23, nr 4 (29.12.2023): 433–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2078-9823.064.023.202304.433-448.
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Introduction. The creation of a scientific biography of M. M. Bakhtin (1895–1975) is an urgent task of the modern humanities. There are many “blank spots” and inaccuracies in the biographies of the thinker. One of the most noticeable gaps is the extremely scarce and contradictory biographical information about his wife, E. A. Bakhtina (nee Okolovich). The article sets the task of verifying the biographical information about her given by other researchers by comparing already known sources and introducing new ones into scientific circulation. Materials and Methods. The study is of a historical-biographical nature. Research material: unpublished documents from the personal archive of M. M. Bakhtin; printed historical sources of the XX century (“Commemorative books” and other reference publications of the Vitebsk province); oral memoirs of people who communicated with E. A. Bakhtina during the Saransk period of her life recorded by the author in the 1990s – 2000s; scientific and popular science publications of a biographical nature about M. M. Bakhtin and representatives of his Circle. Basic methods and approaches: historical-and-cultural approach, comparative historical method (including comparative and correlative analysis). Results. It was revealed that many of the widely disseminated data about E. A. Bakhtina are inaccurate or generally do not correspond to reality. The introduction of new sources into scientific circulation made it possible to correct the date (year, day, month) and place of her birth, to determine the places of her study and work in different periods, to clarify and expand information about her parents (full name, place of residence and work, position, rank, estate, property status). Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained contribute to solving the complex problem of creating a scientific biography of M. M. Bakhtin, in particular, they make adjustments to the ideas that have developed in science about the Vitebsk, Leningrad and Kustanai periods of his life, about the sequence of some events which happened to him at that time and about cause-and-effect connections between them.
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Miloiu, Silviu-Marian. "Editorial Foreword". Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 10, nr 1 (15.08.2018): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v10i1_1.
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The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies marks its tenth anniversary with a special issue devoted mainly to 100 Years since Modern Independence and Unification in Baltic Sea Region and East-Central Europe, which was the theme of the Ninth Annual International Conference on Baltic and Nordic Studies in Romania held at Valahia University of Târgoviște on November 15-16, 2018. The event focused on the historical, cultural, social and economic processes which led to the independence of Finland, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia and Poland in the Baltic Sea Region, to the unification of Romania and the independence of Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) in East-Central Europe and the consequences of the reshaping of the entire region from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea and Adriatic Sea. Several other political entities created at the end of World War I such as Ukraine, Georgia or Litbel succumbed after barely living for a few months or years of existence. How did the changes of borders and belonging affect the human communities living in the area and what impact did they have beyond the region on the short, medium and long-run? How were war and peace-making experienced in this region and how did they influence the changes of political geography? How did the processes of independence and unification reverberate throughout the region and how did state and non-state actors reflect, echo and react to this structural transformation of the area? How does this metamorphosis resonate in historical memory, the politics of memory and cultural identity, in historical narratives, including competing narratives, and in the use of history in identity politics a century after the guns were silenced? How does literature permeate the changes occurring at the end of the war to end all wars in the region? How do art, architecture, patrimony, in general, capture the message of those tremendous transformations? Places of commemoration, autobiographies, biographies and memoirs, empiric or theoretical research relevant to the conference topic stood also at the core of the conference.
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Halpern, Mark. "Biographies [Memoir of Mark Halpern]". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 16, nr 3 (1994): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mahc.1994.10013.
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Muzychko, Oleksandr. "HISTORIAN VOLODYMYR MYKOLAYOVYCH YASTREBOV (1855–1898): ODESA UNIVERSITY YEARS". Paper of Faculty of History, nr 32 (29.12.2021): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2312-6825.2021.32.250085.
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It is necessary to research the biographies of historians. This makes it possible to establish a connection between the features of the life path of historians and their historical views, to study the social component in the development of science. The main thesis of the article is the fact that the development of a scientist is largely determined by the characteristics of his formation as a person, primarily in a higher educational institution. The purpose of this article is to prove this thesis based on the study of the early stage of the life of the famous historian who worked for many years in the city of Elizavetgrad (today Kropyvnitsky) Volodimir Mykolayovych Yastrebov (1855-1898). In 1872-1877 he studied and defended his Ph.D. thesis at the Odessa Novorossiysk University. The historiographic base of our article consists of a number of articles and books. The main contribution to the biography of V. M. Yastrebov was made by the Kirovograd (Kropyvnytskyi) historians. They often mentioned the Odesa stage of the scientist's life, but did little to concretize the circumstances of his studies at the university. The sources of our article are narrative and act documents. The most important sources are kept in the State Archives of the Odessa region. We have identified such important sources as the memoirs of V. M. Yastrebova about studying at the Odessa University, his thesis about the sixth crusade. Thus, there is a sufficient base of sources for the reconstruction of the student's years of the historian. The main methods of our research are comparative, genetic, microhistorical, and biographical. So the conclusion to be drawn is Odesa University was of great importance for the formation of the personality of V. M. Yastrebov. The greatest influence on the formation of him as a scientist had such talented teachers as V. I. Grygorovych, Р. В. Orbynsky, P. K Brun, I. S. Nekrasov. In addition to university teachers, of great importance at that time was a high school teacher O. I. Markevych. Communication with supporters of Ukrainian culture V. I. Grygorovych, O. I. Markevych formed a nice image of V. M. Yastrebov is a russian with an interest in the Ukrainian people and culture. Studying in Odesa laid the foundations of cooperation V. M. Yastrebov with the Odesa scientific environment throughout his later life.
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Karpinchuk, Halyna. "SHEVCHENKO STUDIES QUESTIONS IN THE СORRESPONDENСE OF EMPLOYEES OF THE ALL-UKRAINIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND THE TARAS SHEVCHENKO INSTITUTE IN THE 1920S–1930S". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary Studies. Linguistics. Folklore Studies, nr 33 (2023): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2659.2023.33.11.
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The article analyzes about 80 letters of Ukrainian scientists of I. Aizenshtok, D. Bagalyi, O. Doroshkevych, S. Yefremov, A. Krymskyi, V. Miiakovskyi, M. and O. Novytski, M. Plevako, P. Rulin and others. They are important source for studying their biographies, clarifying creative intentions and efforts, keep the addressee’s mood and their reactions to events or circumstances. The epistolary expanding the directions of the development of Shevchenko studies in the 1920’s and 1930’s, the difficulties of organization scientific work in the Kyiv branch of the Taras Shevchenko Institute. The letters contein new information about the peculiarities of the preparation of the Complete Collected Works of Taras Shevchenko (1927–1929; 1935–1937). The probable dates of the arrangement of the volumes, the history of the discovery and researching of the letters (vol. 3, 1929) and artistic works (vol. 8, 1932) are writing in letters. For the first time, a review of the fourth volume of the collection (the diary of the poet, 1927) by historian Mykhaylo Slabchenko is published (letter to Serhiy Yefremov dated April 4, 1927). In particular, the letters supplement information about the publication of a series of memoirs (1930–1931) dedicated to the poet, and "Kobzar" (1931) with illustrations by V. Sedlyar. From a number of ideas of Shevchenko scholars, the correspondence contains evidences about the preparation of the "Dictionary of Shevchenko’s Familiars", monographs by M. Novytskyj about the company of mochymords, collections by V. Mijakovskyj about the Cyrylo and Methodius brotherhood, the funeral and reburial of the poet etc. From the letters of M. and O. Nowytski it first became known about the plan of the scientists republish the work of O. Konyskyi "Taras Shevchenko-Hrushivskyi: a chronicle of his life and work" (1898, 1901) at the beginning of 1930’s. In the letters of O. Novytskyi a primary role is assigned to a part of Shevchenko’s creativity that was little studied at the time - painting, first of all, in mastering the etching technique. The fact of cultural and political orientation – the misunderstanding of Ukraine in the Russian world – did not go unnoticed by researchers of Shevchenko's Word (Peter Rulin's letter dated August 21, 1926). All reviewed letters are stored in Kyiv archives and mostly have not been printed. During the preparation of the article several of them were discribed for the first time and, if necessary, attributed.
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Sikorska, Marta. "Memoirs of Madame Piłsudski Considerations on how to use memoirs in writing a biography". Polish Biographical Studies 1, nr 9 (31.12.2021): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/pbs.2021.02.
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The article focuses on “Memoirs” of Aleksandra Piłsudska. They were prepared as a result of strong emotional experiences caused by the outbreak of war, and present a picture of strong and active women. On this basis we provide wider considerations on the problems of gender and individuation in biographic research.
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Katalin, Szlukovényi. "Postmemory Twice: Poetic and Narrative Transformation in George Szirtes’s Biographies of His Mother". Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne, nr 16 (20.11.2023): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/jk.2023.16.07.
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The Hungarian-born English contemporary poet George Szirtes has written several times about two traumas of his family history: the Holocaust, which both his parents survived, while several of their relatives perished, and the Revolution of 1956, which forced them into exile. My paper focuses on two major narratives about Szirtes’s mother: a cycle of poems “Metro” (1988) and a biography in prose The Photographer at Sixteen (2019). Exploring the differences in perspective and form as well as the similarities in themes and structure, I seek the answer to the questions how one’s own memories are intertwined with the past of the communities where one belongs; how these controversial sets of memories might lead to internal conflicts; and how the memory of one’s predecessors are being transformed by the process of the speaker’s own transformation in the time span of three decades. Investigating these aspects, I argue that Marianne Hirsch’s concept of postmemory not only proves to be instrumental in understanding several books by Szirtes better but also that Szirtes goes one step further than Hirsch by revealing how individual memory not only is embedded into and influenced by communal memory, but also is constructed in the form of family memories passed on from one generation to the next.
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Danilevskaya, Olga N., Irina R. Danilchenko i Olga V. Tenny. "The Life of N.Ya. Danilevsky. Biographic Essay". Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 58 (1.10.2020): 345–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2020-0-3-345-365.
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Biographic essay of Ya.N. Danilevsky was written by his direct descendants on the basis of available archival documents, memoirs of contemporaries, supplemented by family letters, photographs and legends. The essay describes all the most important stages of Danilevsky's life, starting with his studying at the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, participation in the Petrashevsky circle, imprisonment in the Peter and Paul Fortress, exile to Vologda, work in the Caspian expedition of K.M. Baer, and life in the Crimea at the Mshatka estate, where the fundamental works «Russia and Europe» and «Darwinism. Сritical Rsearch» were written. The image of Nikolai Yakovlevich as a highly moral, humane, kind person, capable of compassion and mercy is revealed. The descendants of N.Ya. Danilevsky sacredly honor the memory of their great ancestor and for six generations tirelessly work to perpetuate his memory. Through the efforts of the descendants, a tombstone was erected on the grave of the philosopher in the Cypress Hall on the territory of his former estate Mshatka in Crimea.
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Vainshtein, O. Β. "“Why did she provoke so much hostility?”: What upset Miranda Seymour while writing the biography of Lady Ottoline Morrell". Shagi / Steps 9, nr 4 (2023): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2412-9410-2023-9-4-233-243.
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The article is focused on the emotional contexts of the biography of Lady Ottoline Morrell (1873–1938), written by the distinguished author Miranda Seymour. One of the main emotional attitudes of the biographer is sorrow and sadness. The reason for this is the distorted image of Lady Ottoline in memoirs and fiction; she was portrayed in several novels in an unfair and satirical manner. Literary representations of her can be found in Crome Yellow by Aldous Huxley, Women in Love by D. H. Lawrence, Between the Acts by Virginia Woolf and several other contemporary works of fiction. Special attention is paid to the relationship between Virginia Woolf and Lady Ottoline Morrell, the difference in their characters and their attitudes to dress. Lady Ottoline is judged in terms of “integrity” (the concept of George Moore) but her character does not fit into the philosophical schemes. This case study includes analysis of Lady Ottoline’s vestimentary habits, her bohemian style. Another important emotion of the biographer arises from the difficulty of discovering the truth, since Lady Ottoline’s memoirs and diaries were selectively censored, cut and edited upon publication. With access to documentary sources in the archive, the author reconstructs the full scope of lady Ottoline Morrell’s biography. Besides sorrow, Miranda Seymour demonstrates genuine admiration and compassion for her heroine and always defends her against unfair representations.
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Hajtó, Vera. "“The Past Must Be Given a Place”: Migration, Intergenerational Transfer, and Cultural Memory Practices in Belgian Families of Hungarian Descent". Hungarian Historical Review 12, nr 4 (2023): 555–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.38145/2023.4.555.
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This article investigates the intergenerational effects of migration on the memories of Belgian families of Hungarian origin, focusing specifically on how these effects can prompt the second and third generations of migrant families to bring their private memories and identity constructions into the public sphere. Their social participation becomes a crucial element in their quest to uncover their families’ histories. While the memory of the migration experience was initially contained in the “archive” (the private sphere), it eventually transitions into the “canon” (the public sphere), becoming accessible to those outside the family circle. Using published biographies of second-generation members about their immigrant parents, photographic images, texts of a theatre play, group conversations on social media (Facebook), and interviews with members of the second and third generations, this article offers a varied source material to explore these questions. By pushing the boundaries of historical research and memory studies, it demonstrates that the memories of migration can have long-lasting effects that connect people and families with larger communities and the social sphere.
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Kulak, Wiktoria. "Żałobne narracje o rodzinie i rzeczach. „Książka” Mikołaja Łozińskiego oraz „Rzeczy, których nie wyrzuciłem” Marcina Wichy". Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne, nr 16 (20.11.2023): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/jk.2023.16.05.
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The main aim of the article is to examine the human’s attitude towards the other’s death. The field of research was limited to the death testimony of a parent in Polish literature after 1989, based on Mikołaj Łoziński’s Book (2011) and Marcin Wicha’s Things, I didn’t Throw Away (2017). The analysis was focused on the way in which the biographies of the deceased can be created by memories of them in the different phases of grief, and on the creation of intergenerational connections between the orphaned subjects and the material remains corresponding to the life of the dead.
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Gardias, Magdalena. "Ujęcia literackości na przykładzie żydowskich polskich i czeskich tekstów byłych więźniów KL Auschwitz". Studia Slavica XXVI, nr 2 (marzec 2023): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/studiaslavica.2022.26.0017.
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The article compares different approaches to literaryness contained in two texts by authors of Jewish origin – in Czech by Jiří Steiner and in Polish by Dov Lewi, former prisoners of KL Auschwitz. There is a different approach to the memory records of the Czech, Polish and Israeli archives, which will be discussed (among others competitions for camp memories). The work, however, focuses mainly on the description of the authors’ experiences, the way of presenting them, together with the reconstruction of their biographies, which is aimed at broadening the knowledge in the context of individual history. On the basis of a few selected fragments, there will be also an attempt to evaluate from the literary point of view.
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Prydatko-Dolin, Vasyl. "Vsevolod Averin (1889–1946), master of the Ukrainian school of animaliers and graphic artists". GEO&BIO 2022, nr 22 (30.06.2022): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/gb2206.
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This article could have also been titled as ‘The little-known artist Vs. Averin.’ The impetus for its writing was the need to overcome post-Soviet propaganda, which invented the brand ‘Ukrainian Soviet artist’ and used it actively to sovietize biographies of Ukrainian artists. Vs. Averin is one of those artists. However, the Soviet style permeated Averin’s art independently through Averin’s presence in respective associations, unions, exhibitions, and publishing houses for which he acted professionally. In the same way, some of Averin’s art was adjusted artificially to the requirements of the Soviet system. Averin also illustrated memories of former revolutionists, he was among those who allegedly supported the Soviet collective farms, and he sympathized ostensibly with the ‘reunification of Ukraine and Russia’, and so on. The truth is that the work on the agitprop took away the artist’s time, which he could have used in other circumstances, in particular for painting. The author draws attention to many other things that are not yet voiced by the biographers. Averin had started with illustrating books before he entered art school, and in many ways he helped colleagues of his zoologist brother. Vsevolod was interested in everything that helped him to strengthen graphics, in particular through the usage of Egyptian and astrophysical symbols, occasionally photography. He created nice autolithographs for VUSOR—a legacy that remains unnoticed by exhibitioners today. The artist contributed a lot to the development of bookplates, trademarks, posters, stands, emblems, badges, covers, pictures for magazines, tokens, diplomas, letters of commendation, invitations, membership cards, as well as other items to advertise hunting and fishing equipment. He illustrated texts for famous writers and zoologists, including O. Vyshnya, Vikt. Averin, L. Portenko, M. Charlemagne, and others. He was the author of portraits of some educators, including T. Shevchenko. Some articles and books he published himself, such as ‘Interesting Plants’ and ‘Straw Bull’ (in Ukrainian). In the history of art, Averin will remain as a native of Kharkiv Oblast (Ukraine) and as a talented master of the national school of animaliers and graphic artists.
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Sumburova, E. I. "«PIONEERS» OF SOVIET PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY (MATERIALS FOR THE BIOGRAPHIES OF YA.M. KOLOTYRKIN AND N.A. FUCHS)". Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. History Sciences 4, nr 3 (2022): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/2658-4816-2022-4-3-88-97.
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The article is devoted to the participation of two outstanding Soviet physicochemists, Ya.M. Kolotyrkin and N.A. Fuchs, in the international scientific transfer in the 1950s and 1960s. The author uses biographical materials, memories of the relatives and students of the scientists, and introduces previously unstudied letters from the archive fund of the Physicochemical Research Institute named after L.Ya. Karpov to the scientific world. The author underlines contribution of scientists to the study of physicochemical problems: the contribution of Ya.M. Kolotyrkin in the field of study of corrosion and protection of metals, and the role of N.A. Fuchs in the elaboration of the theory of aerosols; she emphasizes that the scientific activity of Soviet scientists was highly appreciated by both Soviet colleagues and foreign experts.
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Liugaitė-Černiauskienė, Modesta. "Ballad-like Parallels in the (Auto)biographies of the Folk Singers". Tautosakos darbai 52 (30.12.2016): 189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/td.2016.28873.
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The author of the article aims at seeking individual connections between folk ballads, characterized by peculiar poetics and melodics, and dramatic life experiences of their performers, attributing particular relevance to the keynote narrative of the misery. Rather than approaching ballads as a genre, the author treats them as a certain “register”, which also resonates in other folksongs and folk narratives, likewise being reflected by some circumstances in the life of their performers, such as widowhood, orphanage, singleness, grievance, and general misery. These are certain “ballad-like notes” in the performers’ lives. Therefore, the author views ballads and other folksongs from a special perspective, attempting to “insert” them into the everyday circumstances of the singers, weaving them together with the biographical facts of the performers or taking into consideration other relevant data. In other words, the authors attempts to broaden the scope of the ballad research by including the life stories of the performers, or at least fragments of these stories.However, although such terms as autobiographical narratives or life stories appear in the article, such personal experience narratives as those common in the modern folklore research that have become subject to analysis for several decades already, do not and even cannot emerge in this study. It is precisely because the legacy of all the performers introduced in this article comes from the second half of the 20th century (a little – also from the first half of it). At that time folklore collectors paid little attention to the life stories of the singers or storytellers, normally noting down only the most essential personal information. Only rarely more extensive autobiographical data supplied by the informants themselves are available. The main subject of the current study comprises mostly such fragmented and scarce material, or even separate facts, carefully picked out from the collectors’ remarks, memoires, and (auto) biographies.The folk singers mentioned in this article belong to the generation born approximately at the turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries, which grew up and learned the folksongs in the period of existence of the first independent Lithuanian Republic. Almost all of them lived in the so-called Vilnius Region, which at that time belonged to Poland. The majority of these performers are inhabitants of the southern part of the Vilnius Region, or Dzūkija.In terms of contextuality, all kinds of data regarding the “actual” context of the folklore pieces are important to their perception. By presenting biographical facts of the singers, the aim is not creating their exhaustive portraits, but rather viewing the folksongs in the light of the certain events from the lives of their performers. The author concludes that experience and memory of those events is able to alter the perception of the ballads. More broadly, this is the possible contemporary context of the ballads that has reached our times, enabling us to understand them better.
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Neysmith-Roy, Joan M., i Carmel L. Kleisinger. "Using Biographies of Adults over 65 Years of Age to Understand Life-Span Developmental Psychology". Teaching of Psychology 24, nr 2 (kwiecień 1997): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top2402_6.
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Students in an undergraduate life-span developmental psychology course either wrote a traditional term paper or conducted a project that required interaction with a mentally alert adult over 65 years of age (senior citizen). Those who chose the project assisted a senior citizen in writing his or her own life story. Along with the life log, students submitted a paper demonstrating how their particular senior citizen experienced and worked through each of the life stages. By assisting their senior citizen to organize memories and interpret decisions that had shaped his or her life, the young adult students experienced those stages that they themselves had not yet lived through. Students evaluated the project positively as a theoretical learning experience and as a personal growth experience.
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Poliakova, Yu Yu. "Researches of Kharkiv’s Theater Culture of the 19th and the first half of the 20th cc.: Problems of Historiography". Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 51, nr 51 (3.10.2018): 142–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-51.08.
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Background. Recently, specialists in drama studies have displayed growing interest to the problems of historiography concerning theaters. One of its most urgent tasks is to reveal just how much the scientific approach is applied to creating a historical paper. This goes hand in glove with studies into sociopolitical and scientific worldview of authors of the researches, the sources used, the interpretation of facts as well as the style of material’s presentation. Objectives, methods and materials of the research. The purpose of this study is to outline the circle of the most important sources, which contain the data on the history of theater in Kharkiv; to characterize their authors; to define the degree of their mastering of accessible information while writing books and articles on various periods in the development of theater culture in this city in the 19th c.; to establish the main challenges to researchers they have to face under modern conditions. In this study, the author has chosen to apply the traditional cultural-historic method of research. It generally consists of collecting primary information on a certain phenomenon or a prominent figure, working it out, finding its correlation with appropriate historic events, and then making an attempt to substantiate the meaning and importance of the phenomenon / figure studied, in the context of the development of arts in the region. The article based on memoirs, archive materials, periodic publications (containing articles on the activities of theater companies, theatrical managers, actors etc.) and literature on the history of drama as well as general publications, which include items on the theater life in the city. Due to the lack of an entire elaborated bibliographic system, researchers have to engage themselves in painstaking browsing through the entire corpus of periodicals. In Kharkiv, the main sources of relevant information are such periodicals as the “Ukrainskiy vestnik” magazine (1816–1819) and some newspapers: “Kharkovskie gubernskie vedomosti” (1838–1915), “Yuzhnyy kray” (1880–1919), “Utro” (1906–1916), Kharkov (1877–1880), Kharkovskiy listok (1898–1905) and more. Results. The former newspaper “Kharkovskie gubernskie vedomosti” published, in 1841, the essay “Theater in Kharkov” by dramatist and a prominent public figure Hryhoriy Kvitka-Osnov’yanenko (1778–1843), who described the very first period in the history of theater in Kharkiv (1780–1816). In the 1870s, the “Kharkovskie gubernskie vedomosti” started to publish regularly analytical and summarizing articles, which were an attempt at creating theater’s history of a certain period. There was, for one, an article “The Kharkov Drama Theater in Recent Ten Years” by Ivan Ustinov, published in 1877 and dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the Diukovs’ private theater company. I. Ustinov not only gave a brief analysis of the theater’s repertoire between 1867 and 1877, but also included biographies and short characteristics of the actors, which were playing then on Kharkiv stage. Ustinov also is famous as the compiler of the bibliographic index “The Books on Kharkov Governorate” (1886), with certain information on the history of theater in this city. In the 1880s, Konstantin Schelkov, a graduate of the Kharkiv University’s Law School, wrote his articles on the theater in the “Kharkovskie gubernskie vedomosti”. The newspaper published, among others, his article “Materials for the History of Theater in Kharkiv” (1881), in which he described the activities of the theater’s management headed by N. D. Alferaki in 1845–1848. In the early 1880s, another big newspaper, the “Yuzhnyy kray”, was started. Its columnist Nikolay Chernyaev took a great interest in the history of theater in Kharkiv. Mr. Chernyaev’s works include a systematic review of theater culture in Kharkiv from Catherine II epoch until 1843 as well as a number of essays on the development of theater in Kharkiv up to 1880. The author collected wide documentary material dedicated to specific periods of history as well as to certain artistic figures. Chernyaev studied many various sources: dailies and magazines, published in the capital cities and in provinces, many collections of documents, memoirs and so on. Chernyaev’s works proved to be useful to historians D. I. Bagalei and D. P. Miller who covered the history of theater in their famous book “The History of the City of Kharkov during 250 Years of its Existence.” In the first half of the 20th c., there were no integral and systematic researches on the history of the city of the previous century, so the monograph “The Beginnings of the Theater in Kharkov” by Arkadiy Pletniov, published in 1960, one can consider as summarizing. The author based much of his study on the works of N. I. Chernyaev. He also widely used the materials resting in the A. A. Bakhrushin Museum of Theater, Moscow, and in many archives. In his monograph, Dr. Pletniov did not limit himself with listing the events of theatrical life, but thoroughly analyzed the activities of the Board of Trustees and such managers as I. Shtein and L. Mlotkovskiy. In several supplements, one can find lists of main roles played on Kharkiv stage by its prominent actors (N. Rybakov, L. Mlotkovskiy, K. Solenik). Pletniov’s work, enriched by references and commentaries, played an important part in creating the complex picture of Kharkov’s theatrical life. Due to abundance of the facts and clear style, Dr. Pletniov’s book stays up to now a valuable source on the subject. Conclusions. The analysis of historiography concerning the theater in Kharkiv of the 19th and early 20th cc. enables the author to come to conclusion that the main challenges a modern researcher has to face are as follows: the absence of system in bibliographic manuals; lacunas in the funds of periodicals of most libraries; the absence of important documents in archives. Theater life in Kharkiv has been studied far from satisfactory level yet. The following problems of history especially need thorough research work from historical point of view: theater critique; drama art; architecture of theater buildings in Kharkiv; amateur theater companies; charity for theaters; and some other points. The task of modern researchers, as we see it, lies in gradual filling the gaps mentioned above.
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Muratova, Nurie, i Kristina Popova. "Interrupted biographies: six distinguished female figures between repressions and survival during the communist regime in Bulgaria". Historia Slavorum Occidentis 39, nr 4 (2023): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/hso230403.
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The paper presents the interruptions to the biographical trajectories of six women persecuted in different periods during the communist regime in Bulgaria in order to outline the common features as well the specificity of their cases: two former leading feminists: Julia Malinova ( Julia Jakovlevna Schneider – President of the Bulgarian Women’s Union until 1926, Dimitrana Ivanova, President 1926–1944), two members of the Oppositional (Nikola Petkov’s) Bulgarian Agrarian Party (Rayna Lapardova and Tsvetana Tsacheva), two scientists from the Turkish minority in Bulgaria Mefkure Mollova and Hayriye Memova). The paper presents the documentation on these women and their political and academic activities, and the deficits of information, as well as the radical interruptions to their lifestyles, careers, family life, and social ties, and social integration of these women. The research is based on documents from personal finds, the women’s publications, documents from the secret archives of the State Security, memories, and personal testimonies.